COMPANY PROFILE

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The ORGANIZATION
Jakson Engineers Limited is an ISO: 9001 organization who are a part of USD 120 MILLION JAKSON GROUP who are the leaders in their field of power generation and distribution in India SINCE 1945. Jakson Engineers Limited operates majorly in projects funded by following International/National Agencies: -World Bank -ADB -AFDB -UN -Govt. of India credit lines -Exim Bank of India Jakson Engineers Limited is an active SAARC Countries, South East Asian Countries, Middle East Countries, Central Asian Countries Africa &Europe. Jaksons switchgear plant was established in the year 1997 in Noida near Delhi with an investment of USD 4 Mn having covered area of 50,000 sq. ft. Jaksons plant was accredited with ISO: 9001 certification in 1999. Jakson started manufacturing of VCBs under AREVA brand name.

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JAKSONS ENGINEERS LIMITED, NOIDA HISTORY

1947- Shift of operations to India. 1950- Modest beginning as electrical Training House by representing brands like GEC,EE, AEI for Electrical goods. 1965- Became authorized dealer for Kirloskar for electric motors and pump sets. 1971- Became distributors to switchgear companies like L&T and Siemens. 1981- First genset manufacturing facility in northern India was established by JAKSON in Delhi. 1982- Affiliation with CUMMINS. 1990- Established independent Project Marketing Division to undertake and promote genset based captive Power plants from concept to commissioning. 1993- Started Generating Set manufacturing facility at Daman near Mumbai. 1998- Launched RTU and Silent Gensets as concept in India. 1999- Started world class Switchgear manufacturing plant at Noida. 2000- Got coveted ISO: 9001 Certification. 2002- Started 100% Export Oriented Unit to effectively meet international competition.

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PRODUCT RANGE

POWER CONTROL CENTRES MOTOR CONTROL CENTRES (FIXED AND DRAW OUT) BUS DUCTS (LOW AND MEDIUM VOLTAGE) AUTOMATION AND DRIVE PANELS RELAY AND CONTROL PANELS MEDIUM VOLTAGE VACCUM CIRCUIT BREAKER DG-MANUAL/AMF/SYNCHRONIZING PANELS / LOAD MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

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MAIN PCC PANEL DENSO, INDIA

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PANEL UNDER ASSEMBLY AT OUR ASSEMBLY FLOOR

DRAW OUT MCC-OIL FIELD DUBAI

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BUS DUCTS-SERUM INSTITUTE, INDIA

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POWER FACTOR CORRECTION

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Preview
General
Awareness of the necessity of power quality is increasing and power factor correction (PFC) will be implemented on a growing scale in future. Enhancing power quality-improvement of power factor-saves cost and is a fast return on investment in power distribution, in low and medium voltage networks.PFC focuses on the power flow (cos) and the optimization of voltage stability by generating reactive power-to improves voltage quality and reliability at distribution level.

How reactive power is generated

Every electric load that works with magnetic fields (motors, chokes, transformers, inductive heating) produces a varying degree of electrical lag, what is called inductance. This lag of inductive loads maintains the current sense for a time even though the negative gong voltage tries to reverse it. This phase shift between current and voltage is maintained, current and voltage having opposite signs. During this time, negative power or energy is produced and fed back into the network. When current and voltage have the same sign again, the same amount of energy is again needed to build up the magnetic fields in inductive loads. This magnetic reversal energy is called reactive power. In alternating voltage networks such a process repeats 50 or 60 times a second. So an obvious solution is to briefly store the magnetic reversal energy in capacitors and relieve the network of this reactive energy.

Low power factor

Low power factor results in Higher energy consumption and costs, Less power distributed via the network, Power loss in the network, Higher transformer losses, Increased voltage drops in the power distribution networks

Power factor improvement

Power factor improvement can be achieved by Compensation of reactive power with capacitors,

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Active compensation-using semiconductors Overexcited synchronous machine

Fundamentals of Power Factor Correction

What is power factor correction?
The rational use of electrical energy calls for economical generation, transmission and distribution with little loss. That means restricting all factors in electrical network that cause losses. One of these factors is lagging reactive power. Consumers in industrial and electrical networks are primarily of an ohmic-inductive nature. The purpose of systems for power factor correction in networks is to compensate the generated lagging reactive power by leading reactive power at defined nodes. In this way impermissibly high voltage drops and additional ohmic losses are also avoided. The necessary leading power is produced by capacitors parallel to the supply network, as close as possible to the inductive consumer. Static capacitive compensation devices reduce the lagging reactive power component transmitted over the network. If network conditions alter, the required leading reactive power can be matched in steps by adding and taking out single power capacitors to compensate the lagging reactive power.

Key Components
PFC Controller Modern PFC controllers are microprocessorized. The microprocessor analyzes the signal from a current transformer and produces switching commands to control the contactors that add or remove capacitor stages. Intelligent control by microprocessorized PFC controllers ensures an even utilization of capacitor steps, minimized number of switching operations and optimized life cycle. Fuse An HRC fuse or MCCB acts as a safety device for short circuit protection.

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Capacitor contactor Contactors are electromechanical switching elements used to switch capacitors or reactors and capacitors in standard or detuned PFC systems. The switching operation can be performed by mechanical contacts or an electronic switch. The latter solution is preferable if fast switching is required for a sensitive load for example.

Benefits of power factor correction

Amortization in eight to 24 months through lower power costs Power factor correction reduces the reactive power in a system. Power consumption and thus power costs drop in proportion. Effective installation use An improved power factor means that an electrical installation works more economically. Improved voltage quality Fewer voltage drops Optimum cable dimensioning Cable cross-section can be reduced with improvement of power factor. In existing installations for instance, extra or higher power can be transmitted. Power Quality-typical cases of line voltage disturbance

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Power Quality
Definition: Harmonics, Transients, Voltage and frequency variations and other disturbances in electric power supply networks. Reasons for Problems Past-load: most loads were linear Induction-motors, heating bulbs Voltage was followed by current-only a few problems Todays-load: non-linear Computer, motor-control, drives, etc. Current is pulse shaped The result-Harmonics - Increasing number of sources causing disturbances. - Equipment becomes more and more sensitive. - De-regulated energy market Power Quality Problems Harmonics Transients Voltage variations Power Failures

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Faulty measuring Overload of neutral conductor Additional cost due to higher energy consumption

Voltage Variations Reasons: -

Short circuits Switching operations Load changes Regulation processes in the network Weak network

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Consequences: Breakdown of appliances due to under voltage Destroying of appliances due to over voltage Sudden breakdown of computers Appearance of flicker

SELECTION OF CAPACITORS
1. Selection of Capacitors Type of Capacitor MPP-S Normal duty capacitor

Application Suitable for steady inductive load. Not recommended for heavy fluctuat inductive loads. Suitable of non-linear load up to 10% Suitable for APFC panels. Suitable for fluctuating loads. Suitable for non-linear loads up to 15% Suitable for frequent fluctuating loads. Suitable for APFC panels Suitable for non-linear loads up to 25%

MPP-H Heavy duty capacitor MD-XL/MD/APP Super heavy duty capacitor

In case of Non-linear load is more than 25%, then installation requires Harmonic filters. Calculation of Non-linear load (%) Example. Installed Transformer rating =1000kVA Non-linear loads =100kVA %Non-linear load =Non-linear load / Transformer rating =100 / 1000 =10 % 2. Selection of capacitor Rated voltage

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The rated voltage of capacitor should be selected nearest to the maximum voltage recorded in the installation. 3. Selection of capacitor for motor protection

While connecting capacitor across the motor terminal, ensure that the capacitor current does not exceed 90 % of no-load current of motor to avoid self-excitation. 4. Selection of capacitor for Transformer no-load compensation kVA Rating of the Transformer Up to and including 315 KVA 315-1000 KVA Above 1000 KVA 5. Selection of required kVAr KVAr=kW x Multiplying factor Multiplying factor Table Initial P.F. 0.70 0.72 0.73 0.75 0.79 0.80 0.83 0.85 0.87 0.89 0.9 0.91 0.93 0.657 0.601 0.573 0.519 0.413 0.387 0.309 0.257 0.204 0.149 0.121 0.093 0.94 0.625 0.569 0.541 0.487 0.381 0.355 0.277 0.225 0.172 0.117 0.089 0.060 0.95 0.692 0.635 0.608 0.553 0.447 0.421 0.343 0.291 0.238 0.184 0.156 0.127 Target P.F. 0.96 0.97 0.98 0.99 1.00 0.729 0.770 0.817 0.878 1.020 0.672 0.713 0.716 0.821 0.964 0.645 0.686 0.733 0.794 0.936 0.590 0.631 0.679 0.739 0.0882 0.484 0.525 0.573 0.634 0.776 0.458 0.499 0.547 0.608 0.750 0.380 0.421 0.469 0.530 0.672 0.328 0.369 0.417 0.477 0.620 0.275 0.316 0.364 0.424 0.567 0.221 0.262 0.309 0.370 0.512 0.193 0.234 0.281 0.342 0.484 0.164 0.205 0.2253 0.313 0.456 kVAr Required for Compensation 5% of KVA Transformer rating 6% of KVA Transformer rating 8% of KVA Transformer Rating

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0.92 0.93 0.94 0.95 0.96 0.97 0.98 0.99

0.063 0.031 0.097 0.134 0.175 0.223 0.032 0.067 0.104 0.145 0.192 0.034 0.071 0.112 0.160 0.037 0.078 0.126 0.041 0.089 0.048

0.284 0.253 0.220 0.186 0.149 0.108 0.061

0.426 0.395 0.363 0.329 0.292 0.251 0.203 0.142

6. Selection of Fuse Rating kVAr Rating at HRC FUSE Cross-section of Cross-section of 415/440 V Rating in Amps 3.5 core Al.Cable PVC Cu. Cable 5 7.5 10 12.5 15 20 25 50 75 100 16 20 25 32 40 50 63 125 200 250 2.5 4 6 10 16 25 25 95 185 240 1.5 4 4 6 6 16 16 35 70 95

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PRE-TREATMENT OF STEEL COMPONENTS

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PROCESS SPECIFICATIONS FOR PRE-TREATMENT OF STEEL COMPONENTS BEFORE PAINTING SCOPE This specification is applicable for pre-treatment of Steel surfaces used for enclosure and other Switchgear components. PLANT The plant is made of total 9 tanks containing Chemicals / Water / arrangements for hot air blowing. The chemical /Water tanks are made of PP/FRP where as the hot air drying tank is made of MS. Inside dimensions of the tanks are as follows. Length: 2.4 Meter Width: 0.9 1.1 Meter All the chemicals tanks contain suitable heating arrangements. Cages of suitable size, made of MS channels coated with FRP and wire mesh are used to hold the components to be treated, and a monorail Overhead Crane serves the purpose of shifting of components from one tank to the other. EQUIPMENT Suitable heaters and Temperature Controllers are used to maintain proper temperature in different tanks. PHYSICAL CONDITIONS

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Chemicals maintained at correct temperatures, running water and air blow create and maintain the necessary work environment for the jobs. Well planned illumination and exhaust system along with mechanized handling systems create suitable work environment for operators.

INITIAL/END PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION Untreated items are identified by their natural surfaces after fabrication and are accompanied by Tags/stickers etc. where practical feasible. These items are kept near the loading section. Pre-treated items can be identified by physical location and by their dull grayish appearance indicating presence of phosphate coating which is scratchable by nail. PROCESS METHOD Hot Degreasing(Tank 01) To remove grease and oily substances the components are dipped in the Hot Degreasing tank for 10-15 minutes. The tank contains a solution of Phosclean F maintained at a temperature of 80-85C.No air agitation is required. Running Water Rinse(Tank 02) Immediately after removing from the degreasing tank the components are thoroughly rinsed in running water for at least 1 minute. Contamination not more than 0.5 ml. Descaling/Derusting(Tank 03) To make the surfaces free from rust the components are dipped in the descaling/derusting tank for 5-10 minutes and dipping time is to be increased proportionately depending on the extent of rust

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with the ultimate purpose of making it rust/scale free. The tank contains a solution of Phosphoric acid based Rustokik maintained at a temperature of 60-65C. Running Water Rinse(Tank 04) After removing from the derusting tank the components are thoroughly rinsed in running water for atleast 1 minute. No air agitation is required &to be stopped if present. Running Water Rinse(Tank 05) After removing from tank No.4 the components are thoroughly rinsed in running water for atleast 1 minute. Contamination not more than 1 ml. No air agitation is required & to be stopped if present. Phosphating(Tank 06) To provide a Zinc phosphate coating on the component surfaces the same are dipped in the phosphating tank for 10-15 minutes. The tank contains a solution of Phoschem Z & Stabiliser maintained at a temperature of 70-75C. Total acid pointage of the bath is maintained between 20 to 25. Running Water Rinse(Tank 07) After removing from the phosphating tank the components are thoroughly rinsed in running water for at least 1 minute. Contamination not more than 0.5 ml. Passivation(Tank 08) The phosphated components are dipped in the passivation tank for 1-2 minutes. The tank contains solution of Phosbond maintained at a temperature of 60-65C. Air Drying(Tank 09)

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After passivation the components are dried in the air drying tank for 10-12 minutes. The tank has arrangements for blowing air on component surfaces. INSPECTION Visual Check Output of every batch is visually checked for the presence of any residual oil, grease, rust &dirt or any yellow stain. Presence of Phosphate Coat This is checked by any/both of the following methods on weekly basis. - Treated surface is rubbed with Grade 000 steel wool. Phosphated surface will look dull and mat but nonphosphated surface will have a bright burnished appearance. - Treated surface is scratched with finger nail. Phosphated surface will show white steak marks. Phosphate Coating Weight (Once in a month) Coating weight of treated sample pieces processed with each other components is determined by any one of the following methods. The acceptable limit being 2.5 3.5 gm of phosphate per square meter of surface. - The sample of specimen phosphated panel is weighed in a chemical balance with an accuracy of minimum 1 mg and immersed in a fresh solution (used once and discarded) of concentrated hydrochloric acid (sp. gr. 1.4) containing 20 gm antimony trioxide per litre of solution at room temperature. When the coating gets dissolved (it takes approximately 5 minute) the sample is thoroughly washed in running water. Any non-adherent matter is rubbed of with a wet swab. Now the sample is fully dried and weighed again. The difference between the two weights taken gives the coating weight. Calculating the surface area of the sample coating weight per square meter is calculated.

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- The phosphated panel weighed as above is dipped in 5% chromic acid solution for 15 minutes at a temperature of 70-75 deg. Cent. Then reweigh the panel and determine the coating wt. expressed as gms/square meter. NON-CONFIRMITY CONTROL Process non-conformities are identified by concerned operators / supervisors / inspectors as applicable. All detected non-conformities are promptly reported. Further processing is not started until the non-conformities are corrected.

MAINTENANCE To maintain the plant in proper working condition the following activities need to be carried out on regular basis (as specified)

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TEST PROCEDURE FOR CONTROL PANELS

MV PANEL TEST PROCEDURE Acceptance Tests Performed on Panel Various acceptance tests performed on panel during final inspection and testing are given below: 1) Physical Verification for completeness, rating end layout verification. 2) Alignment check of the breaker (main contact , secondary plug and related arrangement) with panel 3) Checking of control circuit wiring. 4) Current injection test 5) Resistance measurement on main circuit 6) HV test on main circuit 7) HV test on control circuit 8) Insulation (MEGGAR) test on main circuit

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PROCEDURE
PHYSICAL VERIFICATION: Ensure that the job is complete to perform the next test. Alignment Check (applicable to VMX panels only): This check is to be carried out by inserting the breaker inside the panel by raising and lowering, drawing out the breaker for couple of times. Smoothness in operation in every time is to be ensured, i.e., shutters are operating smoothly; nowhere (during raising/lowering) the breaker gets stuck up and all the interlocks are operating successfully. CHECKING OF THE CONTROL WIRING: This includes

a) The testing of circuit-breaker putting inside then panel to test as per desired logic laid down in the schematic /GA drawing. b) Selecting the appropriate breaker for the panel offered to the testing and connecting required control voltage supply to the reactive wires either through bus-wire terminal block or through respective wires either through bus-wire terminal block or through MTB as required in the terminal diagram. c) Operating the breaker through breaker control switch from local and from remote. d) Interlocks in closing circuit and in tripping circuit are being checked. e) The operation of voltage actuated relays are being checked either by shorting contacts of secondary relays or by shorting appropriate contacts at the terminal blocks. Also subsequent annunciation of these relays are being checked. The spare contacts of the auxiliary switch are being checked at MTB. PRIMARY CURRENT INJECTION TEST

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Checking the operations of the relays and meters by primary injection through C.T. s and applying voltage at the P.T. secondary depending upon C.T. and P.T. ratio. Polarity checking of the C.T.S are to be carried out when existing secondary connections are not yielding appropriate results during testing. SECONDARY CURRENT INJECTION TEST

Current is injected through CT to see the deflections of meters, operation of relays are checked by secondary current injection. RESISTANCE MEASUREMENT Resistance is to be measured on the main circuit from Busbar spout connection to rear side cable connector of each phase by micro-ohm meter. INSULATION RESISTANCE TEST ON MAIN CIRCUIT: 5KV MEGGAR is being used to measure insulation of the main circuit between phases and earth keeping breaker closed and across the terminals of each phase keeping breaker open. The permissible value is 500 MEGA OHM On successful operation of entire sequence the panel will be declared passed in final testing and the panel is sent for final closing. INSPECTION & TEST RESULTS Inspection and Test Results are reviewed and if found within limit the product is treated as conforming. Products tested and passed at this stage are cleared for finishing and closing operation. Test Certificates are issued for all conforming products after review and approval of inspection and test data.

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TAGGING: After closing the panel, it is inspected as per check-list and if found conforming TAG is issued for packing. After packing it is inspected by packing personnel.

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MEDIUM VOLTAGE SWICHGEAR

GENERAL DESCRIPTION
Type VMX Single busbar, air insulated metal clad switchgear unit have been designed for use on distribution network of up to 12 KV. The units are of compact arrangement with simple layout. Each unit can be mounted singly, or can be extended on either side with similar, or other, switch gear units and isolating switches as required. In case of coupling with other panel make adapter panel is required. 1. Construction

Each switchgear unit is of fabricated sheet steel construction. The circuit breaker is raised to and lowered from the service and

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earthing locations by means of a manually operated raising and lowering mechanism which forms integral part of the moving portion. Pre-selection of the circuit breaker location within the unit is achieved by means of a mechanism mounted on the left hand side where integral earthing feature is provided. The insulated busbars, current transformers and cable terminations are contained is separate air insulated components. When required, a cost epoxy resin insulated voltage transformer can be mounted on the top of the unit. The voltage transformer is of the draw out type, incorporating high voltage fuses. As on alternative to the standard provision of one would primary current transformers or ring type current transformer can be accommodated when required. The interlocking system provided on the switch gear unit automatically imposes a fixed sequence of events to guard against mal-operation of the unit. 2. Circuit Breaker

The circuit breaker is mounted on its own truck which incorporates the integral raising and lowering mechanism already mentioned. The truck front comprises two steel sheets which are telescopically engaged. When the circuit breaker is raised, the upper sheet, to which the circuit breaker operating mechanism is attached, also raises, the complete front sheet is thus formed when the circuit breaker is raised to the service or earthing locations. The circuit breaker is fitted with a solenoid or motor wound spring powered mechanism. Mechanisms are inter-changeable within their own ratings and are designed to last the economic life of the equipment. 3. Earthing via transfer breaker principle

Earthing of the circuit cables or the busbars, through the circuit breakers, is carried out by transferring the circuit breaker to the appropriate location within the unit and plugging into the corresponding spout and a set of earthing plugs which form an integral part of unit. The plugs are carried on supports fitted permanently to the framework. They are solidly connected by copper connecting strips to the main earth bar and hence to the station main earth or to the insulated earth bar, where appropriate. Provision is also made for earthing the circuit

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breaker truck by means of a separate earthing contact. The circuit and busbar earthing positions are at rear and the front of the unit respectively. A peg fitted to the left hand side of the circuit breaker engages in guide lots the location selector mechanism plate to ensure that the circuit breaker is in correct alignment related to spouts when it is being raised to the service location. Two other pegs fitted to the right hand side, actuate the levers which operate safety shutters of the busbar and circuit spouts. The selector mechanism can be padlocked to permit the selection of any one of three location viz Busbar earthing, Normal Service, Circuit Earthing whilst preventing selection of the other two. 4. Automatic Safety Shutters

Automatic safety shutters are provided to cover busbar and circuit spouts when the circuit breaker is lowered from its service location. Each shutter can be padlocked closed independently of the other as required .The shutters can be opened by hand from the front of the unit by means of pull rods, in which case they remain open until the moving portion is either withdrawn from or pushed into the until, or until closed by hand.

5.

Auxiliary Plug & Socket

In the base of the instrument panel is fixed the auxiliary circuit socket board with which the secondary plug board engages when the circuit breaker is raised to the normal service location. Time-log fuses and solenoid fuses are mounted within the panel when these items are required. Contactors are mounted inside the panel. The auxiliary wiring between the plug board and the multi core cable, the voltage transformer , the current transformers and the instrument panel , are contained within metal toughing .The auxiliary circuit plug board , which engages with the socket board in the base of the instrument panel is mounted on a saddle carried by the circuit breaker operating mechanism. Connections from the closing and trip circuit coils on the operating mechanism are taken directly from the plugs on

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the board. Automatic connection or disconnection of the auxiliary circuits is achieved by raising or lowering the circuit breaker to or from the normal service location. Locating dowels ensure correct alignment.

VMX PANELS ASSEMBLED AT JAKSONS ENGINEERS LIMITED UNDER THE NAME OF AREVA TRANSMISSION & DISTRIBUTION

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FRONT VIEW OF THE INDICATIONS OF VMX PANELS

INSIDE VIEW OF THE WIRING OF VMX PANELS SITE COMMISSIONING TESTS AND INSPECTION
1. Megger tests Primary insulation The primary insulation includes associated with the high-voltage connections. Measure the insulation resistance to earth of each phase is turn using a 2500-volt Meggar. While carrying out this test, it should be remembered that because the insulation resistance varies considerably with atmospheric conditions and the dryness and cleanliness of the equipment, low readings may, therefore be the results of surface leakage over the insulation, and not of faults within the insulating medium. However, should be value of the insulation resistance fall below an absolute minimum of 100 mega ohms, after careful cleaning and drying of all exposed surfaces. It is

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advisable to check the equipment carefully for installation faults before putting into service. Secondary Insulation The secondary insulation includes the insulation associated wit the secondary wiring, i.e. auxiliary-switch wiring, etc. The insulation resistance to earth should be tested with a 1000-volt/500volt Meggar. The reading obtained should be not less then 2 mega ohms.

2. High Voltage Tests If the Megger tests are satisfactory and high voltage tests have been specified these should be in accordance with IEC-298 to which reference should be made. Primary Insulation While carrying out the high-voltage tests, each phase should be tested in turn with the remaining phases earthed. After the high voltage test has been completed, a further Meggar test should be made to make sure that the insulation resistance has not altered appreciably. The readings of this second Meggar test should be consistent with that of first. Secondary Insulation The secondary wiring associated with the switchgear unit should after being disconnected from all ancillary equipment be tested by looping all the ends of the wires together of some convenient point, such as a terminal board, and then applying 2000 volts for one minute. It is essential to ensure that all earth connections, as shown on the wiring diagrams, Are disconnected before the application of the high voltage, and that they are replaced after the test has been completed. 3. Testing of Vacuum Interrupters

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The only practical way to check the quality of vacuum in an interrupter installed in a vacuum switchgear unit is to apply a high voltage across the open contacts. In case the VMX units with an 8 mm contact gap it can be assumed that the condition of the vacuum is adequate if the gap will withstand 20 KV a.c. or 30 KV d.c. for one minute. The easiest way to carry out this test is to withdraw the circuit breaker from the unit and apply the voltage via the circuit breaker terminals. 4. X-radiation Any electrode gap in a hard vacuum may generate X-rays when the gap is electrically stressed. In the case of this equipment the maximum level of radiation generated when the interrupters are tested as recommended will be less than that permitted for unclassified workers in the lionizing Radiations Regulations 1969. It should be pointed out that this permitted level is for continuous exposure, whereas the test voltage is only applied for two or three seconds on each occation. At the normal service voltages up to 12 KV there is no measurable radiation at the exterior surfaces of the equipment when the interrupters are open. When the interrupters are closed there is no radiation generated whatever voltage is applied.

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PROTECTIVE RELAYS

GENERAL ELECTRICAL CHARACTRISTICS

All Described Relays conform to following electrical characteristics
1.0 Insulation 2 kV AC, RMS, 50 Hz for one minute as per IEC 60255-5 1 kV AC, RMS, 50 Hz for one minute across open contacts as per IEC 60255-5 2.0 3.0 Impulse withstand High frequency 5 kV (CM), 2kV (DM) peak, 1.2/50 micro sec, as per IEC 60255-5 1 MHz, 1.0 kV peak across input circuit and

36 of 89 Disturbance 1 MHz, 2.5 kV peak between independent circuits As per IEC 60255-22-1 Class III As per IEC 61000-4-5, level 4, 4 kV (CM), 2kV(DM) As per IEC 61000-4-4, level 1V, 4 kV (CM) 2 kV (DM), 5 kHz As per IEC 61000-4-12, level 4, 4 kV (CM), 2kV(DM) As per IEC 61000-4-2, Level 3, air discharge 8 kV As per IEC 61000-4-11, 200 ms

4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0

Surge Immunity Electrical fast Transient Ring wave Electro Static Discharge Immunity to voltage Variations, dips and short Interrupts Immunity to radiated Electromagnetic field Power frequency Magnetic field Resistance vibration & Shocks Temperature

9.0 10.0 11.0 12.0

As per IEC 61000-4-3, level 3, 80 1000 MHz, 10V/m As per IEC 61000-4-8, 1000A/m As per IEC 255-21-1/2 Class 1 Operating Temperature Storage temperature 00 to 600 C -200 to 700 C

SINGLE PHASE INSTANTANEOUS EARTH FAULT RELAY TYPE SC14S

Relay SC14S is a self-powered, single-phase, non-directional, Earth fault relay with one measuring element. The relay can be used for differential protection of generators, REF applications of generators and transformers in all low voltage, medium voltage and high voltage sub-stations. The relays solid-state design offers seven fields selectable pick up current settings. There are two time delay options in addition to instantaneous trip 100 milli second and 200 millisecond. The relay

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has a built in third harmonic filter to avoid spurious tripping in harmonic rich power systems.
64/87G

Single Phase high impedance Earth Fault Instantaneous time delay Choice of 100 msec or 200 msec delay Built in third harmonic filter Micro-controller based design Draw out facility

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS 1.0 Relay Ratings Nominal Current (In) Frequency 1A or 5A 50Hz 2.5 Hz

2.0 3.0

4.0 5.0

Auxiliary Power Supply Self powered Relay Settings: Current (Is) One of the two ranges (factory set) 10% to 40% of In in steps of 5% or 20% to 80% of In in steps of 10 % CT Burden Less than 1.0 VA at Is min Less than 6 VA at Is max Operating Characteristics Front panel programmable, using push buttons. Pick up current Same as set current Is Operating time: Field selectable Instantaneous (Typical 25 ms @ 3 Is) or 100 msec, 200 msec ( at 3 Is)

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6.0 7.0 8.0

As per Error class 5 of IS 3231: 1987 20 times set current Is for 3 sec LED indications for trip Flag indication (manual reset) 9.0 Output Relay Contacts 2 c/o contacts for trip signal (self reset) 10.0 Output contact rating Rated voltage 250 V AC / 30 V DC Rated current 5A Rated Breaking Capacity 2000VA / 240 W (Resistive)

Accuracy Over Load capacity Operation Indicators

11.0 Electrical performance

Specifications 12.0 Case Front Bezel Panel Cutout Depth 13.0 Weight

Please refer separate document General Electrical Characteristics Draw out case 158 x 71 mm 142 x 62 mm 224 mm 1.0 kg approx.

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INTELLIGENT POWER FACTOR CONTROLLER RELAY TYPE PFR8

Relay phino is a 144 x 144 size, Intelligent Power factor controller. In all industries, PF has a bearing on both energy and MD charges - phino helps in ensuring that the average PF is maintained at a value prescribed by the local electricity utilities. It measures the voltage & current at the incomer of a plant, and automatically corrects the PF value by switching on / off a set of capacitor banks. In addition to maintaining the plant PF at a safe value, phino also protects the capacitor banks from over voltages, improper switching and excessive harmonics, which are prevalent in the supply system. Relay phino uses state of the art digital technology for measurement, display and control of PF. The current & voltage input signals are sampled and processed by an advanced digital signal processor. Special algorithms are used to calculate on line PF and reactive compensation required for correction. Through a proven logic matrix, a set of out put relays are energized / de-energized to operate the switching contactors of various capacitor banks. A four digit LED provides display of PF, current, voltage, kVAR and other details of the feeder like bank size, switching record etc. In addition to offering such user important features, phino is designed to withstand high level of EMI/EMC interferences, which are increasingly present in the present day industrial environment.

Micro controller based design Display of PF, Current, Voltage, kVAR Auto c/k setting Bank switching record Over Voltage protection Harmonic Over load protection 2/4 Quadrant operations Top up facility Suitable for unequal capacitor banks Self-optimization technique

c/k SELECTION : There is no need to set the c/k value in the relay. phino learns the values of all banks and decides c/k value by itself.

41 of 89 2 / 4 QUADRANT OPERATION: phino can work in both exports / import modes in a plant where the direction of current can change. UNEQUAL BANKS: phino is suitable for connection to unequal bank sizes. It is not necessary to follow a fixed configuration of 1: 1: 1: or 1: 2: 4: or 1: 2: 2: 2 etc. CT/PT REVERSAL: phino will give alarm in case of polarity reversals in CT/PT connections at the same time it will continue the good job of PF correction. SELF-OPTIMISATION: phino uses a special technique to reach the set PF in a shortest time, by optimizing the value of the bank to be switched on / off whenever correction is required. TOP UP FACILITY: phino attempts to improve PF towards unity with whatever banks are left available after reaching the set PF. PROTECTIONS: phino, in addition to PF control, acts as a protective device to the capacitor banks- it provides protection against over voltages, harmonics and improper switching delays. ALARMS: phino provides an alarm contact for faulty capacitor bank, over / under compensation, CT/PT reversal, internal fault, Over / Under voltage, under current, and harmonic over load. RECORDS: phino provides records of the number of times each bank has switched on, each bank size.

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
Supply Voltage Input Current Rated Frequency PF Setting Operation Auto / Manual Capacitor banks selected for Learning PF display accuracy 415 V AC 20%. 1A / 5A. 50 Hz, 2.5 Hz 0.8 lag to 0.95 lead. Two quadrant or Four quadrant Operation selectable from front panel 2-4-6-8 2% from 0.7 lag to 0.8 lead (Under full load conditions)

CAPACITOR STEP SWITCHING ON DELAY: 5 TO 90 SEC INSTEPS OF 10 SEC OR

Short Switch on delay Safety Lock Out Time 100 to 1200 sec -insteps of 50 sec (30 sec + step switch on delay) Enable / Disable option 60 sec + SW. delay

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Operational Indicators

Burden on PT at nominal voltage Burden on CT at nominal current Out put relay contacts Contact Rating Electrical performance Specifications Case Weight

Normal LEDs for Sw. on status - each bank Lag / lead status Alarm Auto / Manual Seven segment LEDs for: PF, Current, Voltage, kVAr Individual bank sizes Number of banks selected Fault / Error codes < 10VA < 0.5 VA N/O contacts 230 V AC, 5A Please refer separate document General Electrical Characteristics Front Bezel 144 x 144 mm Panel Cut Out 138 x 138 mm Depth 100 mm Approximately 2kg

43 of 89

MOTOR PROTECTION RELAY FOR SMALL MOTORS TYPE MPR300

Relay MPR300 is a three-phase LT motor protection relay for motor sizes up to 50KW (max. 88 A current). It is a low cost solution, offering five major protections for motors widely used in fans, pumps, crushers, mills, compressors, belt conveyors, centrifuges, mixers, ventilators, escalators, motorized valves etc. Major advantage is that it provides E/F co-ordination in contactor-started motors, thus offering greater security, operator safety and economy. The relay is micro controller based, highly user friendly and compact with inbuilt CTs. The relay can also be used for protection of larger motors by using external CTs. medium voltage and high voltage sub-stations.

MPR300 has very few controls / settings on the front panel. There are two potentiometers one for setting the motor rated current and the other for setting the E/F pick up level. A DIPswitch is provided for selection of thermal overload trip class and enable / disable of Locked rotor protection and Under current protection. Other settings are prefixed in the relay (some of them related to the trip class selected). Six LEDs are provided five to indicate the faults and one to indicate power on condition. There are two push buttons- one to reset the LEDs on clearance of fault and the other to test the relay. The test PB operation runs a small software routine, which performers check on all software & hardware blocks internal to relay.

44 of 89

SETTINGS: * * Motor Full load current Im Trip time characteristic (Class 10A, 10, 20, 30) *E/F pick up level Io *Enable /Disable Locked Rotor

Enable / Disable Under Current The pick up levels and time delays for negative sequence, locked rotor and under current protections are preset in the relay. RELAY CONNECTIONS : R-Y-B phase wires pass through relay. Trip contacts to be wired to starter

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS 1.0 Protections offered: Thermal over load, Negative Sequence, Earth fault, Locked rotor, Under current 1 to 88 A in 6 different models

Thermal Over Load Protection

a) Current setting

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1A to 2.75 A 2A to 5.50 A 4A to 11 A 8A to 22 A 16A to 44 A 32A to 88 A Continuously adjustable b) Trip Time Characteristics Class 10A, 10, 20 and 30 as per IEC 947-4-1. Field selectable through front DIPswitches. c) d) 3.0 Pre alarm - at 1.05 Im by flashing LED (Im = Motor rated current) Thermal Memory- Provided. a) Current setting 10 to 50% of Im (Field selectable by front panel control) b) Trip time delay - 200 msec (Factory set) 4.0 Phase Unbalance Protection a)Unbalance current 50% OF Im b) Trip time delay - 3 sec (Both factory set) Locked rotor protection a)Locked rotor current - 3 Im b) Trip time delay - 1 sec (Both factory set) c) Disable feature - Available

Earth fault Protection

5.0

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6.0

Under Current protection

Under current threshold - 50% of Im b) Trip time delay - 3 sec (Both factory set) c) Disable feature Available a)Indications for Power on b)Indications for trip on each of the 5 faults LED starts flashing when fault is detected. Become steady on when the relay trips after the preset time delay. LEDs are manual reset.

a)

7.0 Operational Indicators LED

8.0

Contacts

1 N/O + 1 N/C manual reset Rated Voltage250 V AC / 30 V DC Rated Current 5A Rated breaking capacity 2000VA 240 W (Resistive) 240 V AC +/- 20% 0 to 60 deg. C As per IEC 947-4-1 IEC60255,IEC61000 & IEC

9.0

Auxiliary power supply

10.0 Operating Temperature 11.0 Accuracy 12.0 Reference Standards 60068 13.0 Over all dimensions mm D 14.0 Weight

70mm W x 85 mm H x 106 Less than 400 gms

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NEUTRAL DISPLACEMENT RELAY TYPE MND11

Relay MND11 is a single-phase voltage relay, with a high sensitivity. The relay takes input from an open delta PT to monitor the neutral displacement in a three-phase system. It can also be used for earth fault protection in generators, which are earthed through neutral earthing transformers. The relay is particularly suitable for protection in all ungrounded or impedance grounded power systems.

59 Uo

Single Phase Over voltage or Under voltage Inverse & Definite time trip Characteristics Built in high set facility Micro-controller based design Field selectable input ranges

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
1.0 2.0 3.0 Rated Voltage (Vn) Rated Frequency Auxiliary Power Supply Relay Settings : Fault Voltage (Vs) Alarm voltage level (Vis) 110 V AC 50Hz 2.5 Hz 24V to 110V AC/DC 15% or 95V to 240V AC/DC 15% 2 to 32% of Vn in steps of 2% 2 to 32% of Vn in steps of 2%

4.0

48 of 89 Time Multiplier TMS Operating Characteristics 0.1 to 1.6 in steps of 0.1

5.0

Time/Voltage characteristics Normal Inverse Definite time Trip Time Normal Inverse (T= 5.7 sec @ 10 times Vs and TMS=1) Definite Time (1,10,100 sec) Alarm 5 sec (fixed) Reset Time Les than 50 ms Pick up voltage Same as set voltage Vs Reset Voltage 95% to 90% of pick up voltage Accuracy As per IS3231: 1987, Error class 5 (Timing accuracy: 5% or 20 millisecond whichever is more) Third Harmonic Rejection 6.0 7.0 Burden 26dB

8.0 9.0

10.0 11.0 12.0

Less than 0.25 VA at PT input Less than 7 VA at Auxiliary Power supply Operation Indicators Separate LED indications for : Power on Trip status (LED blinks when input crosses set point and becomes steady on when relay has tripped. LED has to be manually reset) Trip Time characteristics selected Output Relay Contacts 2 independent relays ( self reset) One relay with single C/O contact One relay with single N/O contact Output contact rating Rated voltage 250 V AC / 30 V DC Rated current 5A Max Current 14 A Rated Breaking Capacity 2000VA / 240 W (Resistive) Over Load capacity 800 Volts Electrical performance Specifications Case Front Bezel Panel Cutout Depth Weight Please refer separate document General Electrical Characteristics 158 x 71 mm 142 x 113 mm 204 mm 0.9 kg approx.

13.0

49 of 89

Wiring Diagram

ORDERING INFORMATION: 1) Auxiliary Power supply

Time Voltage Characteristics (At TMS=1) For Trip time at TMS other than 1 Trip time = (Trip time at TMS=1) x TMS

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AUTOMATIC POWER FACTOR CONTROLLER RELAY TYPE PFC8 / PFC14

Relay PFC8 a micro controller based 8-stage power factor controller, most suitable for LT applications where PF is controlled by switched capacitor banks. The compact 144 x 144 mm relay performs PF correction on 24-hour basis, reducing the MD related penalties in a plant. The superior algorithms used ensure fast and accurate PF correction after optimum usage of the available capacitor banks in the system. The relay is available with an option of 14-stage control also.

Micro controller based design Effective PF control for balanced loads 8 / 14 stage option Auto / Manual operation Front panel digital display for PF Alarms for more than 6 parameters

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

51 of 89 1.0 2.0 3.0

4.0 5.0
6.0

415V Ac 20%, 50 Hz 5A / 1A from CT secondary (Field selectable) Accuracy of PF display 2% from 0.7 lag to 0.8 lead (Under full load conditions) Desired PF setting 0.8 lag to 0.95 lead Voltage Input Current Input Threshold reactive Current setting (C/K) 0.05 to 1 A reactive

Capacitor Bank selection 4-5-6-7-8-10-12-14 (for PFC14)

4.5.6.7.8
6.0 8.0 9.0 Capacitor bank Switching delay Safety lock out time

(for PFC8)

(Through DIP switch setting)

10, 20, 40, 60 sec 20% 60 sec + capacitor bank switching delay selected 10% Capacitor bank configuration 1:1:1:1:1:..1 or 1:2:2:2:2:..2 or 1:2:4:4:4:..4 or 1:2:4:8:8:..8 Auto / Manual operation provided Relay contacts / ratings N/O contacts 230V AC, 5A Burden Less than 0.3 VA at CT input, at nominal voltage Less than 10VA at PT input at nominal voltage

10.0 11.0 12.0

13.

Operation Indicators LEDs for all out put relays LED for ALARM LED for AUTO / MANUAL 2 digits, Seven segment LED display to Show PF and error codes Electrical performance Specifications Please refer separate document General Electrical Characteristics

14.0

52 of 89 15.0 Case Front Bezel Panel Cutout Depth Weight

16.0

144 x 144 mm 138 x 138 mm 100 mm 2.0 kg approx.

PT FUSE FAILURE RELAY TYPE PTF 03

Relay PTF 03 is a solid-state electronic relay, used for detecting a blown fuse in the PT secondary circuit of a power system protection scheme in LV, MV and HV substations. The relay uses a high stability logic matrix to evaluate the blown fuse condition. It is suitable for 3 phase 3 wire as well as 3 phase 4-wire applications. The relay provides a high speed out put contact (less than 7 millisecond) to facilitate quick blocking input to voltage relays in the power system. 60FL Less than 7 ms operating time Phase wise fuse fail indications

53 of 89

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
1.0 Ratings PT secondary voltage 110 V AC, 50 Hz 10% Operating time Less than or equal to 7 millisecond between failure or removal of PT secondary fuse and relay operation. PTF03 relay Burden (PT) Less than 0.5 VA per phase Minimum load burden Greater than or equal to 0.5 VA per phase Required on PT for proper Operation of relay Operation Indicators Separate LED indications for: Each of the three-phase PT fuse status (Auto reset) Relay Status (Manual Reset) Output Relay Contacts 2 C/O contacts (self reset) Output contact rating Rated voltage 250 V AC / 30 V DC Max. Switching voltage 440 V AC / 300 V DC Rated current 8A Max switching Current 14 A Rated Breaking Capacity 2000VA / 240 W (Resistive) Specifications Case Front Bezel Panel Cutout Depth Weight Please refer separate document General Electrical Characteristics 158 x 71 mm 142 x 113 mm 204 mm 0.9 kg approx.

5.0

6.0 7.0

12.0 Electrical performance

12.0

13.0

54 of 89

SINGLE PHASE REVERSE POWER RELAY TYPE MRP11

Relay MRP11 is an electronic, micro controller based single phase, reverse power relay with one measuring element. The relay can be used protection of generators from reverse power conditions or in grid islanding systems for detecting mains failure or prevention of power flow from small generators to grid. Relay operates for pure active reverse power only and will not cause spurious tripping due to PF fluctuations in the system. Relay can work as a reverse reactive power relay with an addition potential transformer.
Single Phase Reverse active power 0.5% sensitivity Four Quadrant operations Reactive power option Micro-controller based design

55 of 89

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
1.0 Relay Ratings Voltage (Vn) Current In Frequency Auxiliary Power Supply Relay Settings : Reverse power Ps Time Multiplier setting TMS 4.0 Operating Characteristics Time /Current characteristics Pick up power Reset power Accuracy Operating time: Definite time 110 / 415 V AC (Field Selectable) 1A / 5A ( factory set) 50Hz 2.5 Hz 24V to 110V AC/DC 15% 95V to 240V AC/DC 15% 1% to 15% of Pn in steps of 1% 0.5% minimum setting 0 to 1.5 in steps of 0.1 Definite time 1, 10 sec Same as set power Ps 95% to 90% of set power Ps 5% of Ps Two ranges (1 sec, 10 sec) Time = TMS x Range With two ranges as above, user can get a definite time delay from 0.1sec to 15 sec As per Error class 5 of IS3231: 1987 Less than 100 millisecond

2.0 3.0

5.0

Accuracy Reset time Instantaneous trip

56 of 89 Operating time 6.0 7.0 Burden Less than 100 millisecond Less than 0.25 VA at PT input Less than 8 VA at Auxiliary Power supply

8.0 9.0

10.0

Operation Indicators Separate LED indications for : Power on Trip status (LED blinks when input crosses set point and becomes steady on when relay has tripped. LED has to be manually reset) Time current characteristics selected Output Relay Contacts 1 c/o + 1 N/O contacts for trip signal (self reset) Output contact rating Rated voltage 250 V AC / 30 V DC Rated current 5A Rated Breaking Capacity 2000VA / 240 W (Resistive) Over Load capacity PT input = 800 Volts continuous CT input = 2 In continuous or 20 In for 1 sec or 100 A for 1 sec whichever is less. Specifications Please refer separate document General Electrical Characteristics 158 x 71 mm 142 x 62 mm 224 mm 1.0 kg approx.

13.0 Electrical performance

12.0 Case Front Bezel Panel Cutout Depth Weight

13.0

SINGLE PHASE OVER CURRENT OR EARTH FAULT RELAY WITH HIGHSET

Relay MC12A is a single phase, non-directional, over current or Earth fault relay with one measuring element. The relay can be used for feeder protection in all low voltage, medium voltage and high voltage sub-stations. The relay has a built in high set facility. DIP switches are provided on the front panel for pick up and time delay settings. User has a choice of 7 trip time characteristics.

57 of 89

50 / 51, 50N/ 51N

Single Phase Over current or Earth Fault Inverse & Definite time trip Characteristics Built in high set facility Micro-controller based design Draw out facility

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
1.0 2.0 3.0 Rated Current (In) Rated Frequency Auxiliary Power Supply Relay Settings: Current (Is) One of the three ranges (User selectable) 10% to 40% of In in steps of 2% or 20% to 80% of In in steps of 4 % or 50% to 200% of In in steps of 10% 2 Is to 16 Is in steps of 2 Is and disable 0.1 to 1.6 in steps of 0.1 Front panel programmable, using push buttons. 1A or 5A 50Hz 2.5 Hz 24V to 110V AC/DC 10% 95V to 240V AC/DC 10%

5.0

Highset Current (Ihs) Time Multiplier TMS 5.0 Operating Characteristics

Time /Current characteristics Pick up current Same as set current Is Reset Current 95% to 90% of set current Is Operating time : Inverse time Four curves, As per IEC 60255-3 a) Normal Inverse 3s b) Normal Inverse 1.3s c) Very Inverse d) Extremely Inverse Definite time Three curves as follows :

58 of 89 e) f) g) Accuracy Reset time Definite Time 1s Definite time 10s Definite time 100s

As per Error class 5 of IEC60255-3 Less than 50 millisec

Highset (Instantaneous trip) Accuracy As per Error class 5 of IEC60255-3 Operating time Less than 50 ms for Iin < 1.5 Ihs Less than 35 ms for Iin > 1.5 Ihs (Iin = input current) 6.0 7.0 Burden Less than 0.25 VA on all settings Less than 8 VA at Auxiliary Power supply

Operation Indicators Separate LED indications for : Power on Trip status (LED blinks when input crosses set point and becomes steady on when relay has tripped. LED has to be manually reset) Time current characteristics selected Output Relay Contacts Output contact rating Rated voltage Max. S/W voltage Rated current Rated Breaking Capacity Over Load capacity 2 c/o contacts for trip signal ( self reset)

8.0 9.0

250 V AC / 30 V DC 440 V AC / 300 V DC 5A 2000VA / 240 W (Resistive) 2 In continuously 20 times In for 1 sec Please refer separate document General Electrical Characteristics 158 x 71 mm 142 x 62 mm 224 mm 0.9 kg approx.

10.0

14.0 Electrical performance

Specifications 12.0 Case Front Bezel Panel Cutout Depth Weight

13.0

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ORDERING INFORMATION:
1) 2) Auxiliary Power supply CT secondary rating

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61 of 89

SINGLE PHASE OVER VOLTAGE OR UNDER VOLTAGE RELAY TYPE MV12

Relay MV12 is a single phase, over voltage or Under voltage relay with one measuring element. The relay can be used for feeder protection in all low voltage, medium voltage and high voltage sub-stations. The relay has a built in high set facility. DIPswitches are provided on the front panel for pick up and time delay settings. User has a choice of 7 trip time characteristics.

27 / 59 Single Phase Over voltage or Under voltage Inverse & Definite time trip Characteristic Built in high set facility Micro-controller based design Field selectable input ranges

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
1.0 2.0 3.0 Rated Voltage (Vn) Rated Frequency Auxiliary Power Supply 110 / 240 / 415 V AC (Field Selectable) 50Hz 2.5 Hz 20V to 110V AC/DC 88V to 264V AC/DC

4.0

Relay Settings : Fault Voltage (Vs) Over Voltage Mode Under Voltage mode Highset Voltage (Vhs) Over Voltage mode Under Voltage mode

105% to 180% of Vn in steps of 5% 95% to 20% of Vn in steps of 5 % 110% to 180% Vn in steps of 10% 90% to 20% of Vn in steps of 10 %

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Time Multiplier TMS 5.0

0.1 to 1.6 in steps of 0.1

Operating Characteristics Time /Current characteristics Normal Inverse 3.5 sec in O/V mode Normal Inverse 5.7 sec in U/V mode Definite time 1, 10, 100 sec Pick up voltage Same as set voltage Vs Reset Voltage 95% to 90% of set voltage Vs for Over voltage 105% to 110% of set voltage Vs for Under voltage Accuracy Operating time : Normal Inverse 5% of Vs

As per IS3231:1987. Please refer fig. 2 for details. (The curve is given for Vn=110V. For Vn=240V and Vn=415 V , it is limited by over load capacity) Three ranges (1 sec, 10 sec, 100 sec) Time = TMS x Range h) With three ranges as above, user can get a definite time delay from 0.1sec t 160 sec As per Error class 5 of IS3231:1987 Less than 50 millisecond Less than 50 millisecond

Definite time

6.0 7.0

Accuracy Reset time Highset (Instantaneous trip) Operating time Burden

8.0 9.0

Less than 0.25 VA at PT input Less than 8 VA at Auxiliary Power supply Operation Indicators Separate LED indications for : Power on Over Voltage Under Voltage Trip status (LED blinks when input crosses set point and becomes steady on when relay has tripped. LED has to be manually reset) Time current characteristics selected Output Relay Contacts 2 c/o contacts for trip signal ( self reset) Output contact rating Rated voltage 250 V AC / 30 V DC

63 of 89 Max. S/W voltage Rated current Max Current Rated Breaking Capacity Over Load capacity Electrical performance Specifications Case Front Bezel Panel Cutout Depth Weight 440 V AC / 300 V DC 8A 14 A 2000VA / 240 W (Resistive) 800 Volts Please refer separate document General Electrical Characteristics 158 x 71 mm 142 x 62 mm 224 mm 0.9 kg approx.

10.0 11.0 12.0

13.0

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SINGLE PHASE SENSITIVE EARTH FAULT RELAY WITH HIGH SET

Relay ME12A is a single-phase, non-directional, Earth fault relay with one measuring element. The relay can be used for feeder protection in all low voltage, medium voltage and high voltage sub-stations. The relay has a built in high set facility. DIP switches are provided on the front panel for pick up and time delay settings. User has a choice of 7 trip time characteristics.
50 / 51, 50N/ 51N

Single Phase Earth Fault Inverse & Definite time trip Characteristics Built in high set facility Micro-controller based design Draw out facility

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS 1.0 2.0 3.0 Rated Current (In) 1A or 5A Rated Frequency 50Hz 2.5 Hz Auxiliary Power Supply24V to 110V AC/DC 10% 95V to 240V AC/DC 10% Relay Settings:

6.0

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Current (Is) Highset Current (Ihs) Time Multiplier TMS 5.0

1% to 16% of In in step of 1%. 2 Is to 16 Is in steps of 2 Is and disable. 0.1 to 1.6 in steps of 0.1 Front panel programmable, using push buttons.

Operating Characteristics

Time /Current characteristics Pick up current Same as set current Is Reset Current 95% to 90% of set current Is Operating time: Inverse time Four curves, As per IEC 60255-3 a) Normal Inverse 3s b) Normal Inverse 1.3s i) Very Inverse j) Extremely Inverse Definite time Three curves as follows : k) Definite Time 1s l) Definite time 10s m) Definite time 100s Accuracy Reset time As per Error class 5 of IEC60255-3 Less than 50 millisec

Highset (Instantaneous trip) Accuracy As per Error class 5 of IEC60255-3 Operating time Less than 50 ms for Iin < 1.5 Ihs Less than 35 ms for Iin > 1.5 Ihs (Iin = input current) 6.0 Burden supply 7.0 Operation Indicators Separate LED indications for : Power on Less than 0.25 VA on all settings Less than 8 VA at Auxiliary Power

66 of 89

Trip status (LED blinks when input crosses set point and becomes steady on when relay has tripped. LED has to be manually reset) Time current characteristics selected 8.0 9.0 Output Relay Contacts 2 c/o contacts for trip signal ( self reset) Output contact rating Rated voltage 250 V AC / 30 V DC Max. S/W voltage 440 V AC / 300 V DC Rated current 5A Rated Breaking Capacity 2000VA / 240 W (Resistive)

10.0 Over Load capacity

2 In continuously 20 times In for 1 sec 11.0 Electrical performance Please refer separate document Specifications General Electrical Characteristics 12.0 Case Front Bezel Panel Cutout Depth 13.0 Weight 158 x 71 mm 142 x 62 mm 224 mm 0.9 kg approx.

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THREE PHASE OVER CURRENT + EARTH FAULT RELAY TYPE MC31A

Relay MC31A is a three phase over current + Earth fault relay with 4 measuring elements. The relay can be used for feeder protection in all low voltage, medium voltage and high voltage sub-stations. The relay has a front panel 4 digit seven segment LED display to read various settings,on line values, switch on values, last trip data etc. User has a choice of 7 trip time characteristics.

50 / 51, 50N/ 51N Three Phase Over current Earth Fault Inverse & Definite time trip Characteristics 4 digit display CT secondary 1A / 5A field selectable

69 of 89

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
1.0 2.0 3.0 Rated Current Rated Frequency Auxiliary Power Supply Relay Settings : Over Current (Is) Earth Fault (On) Time Multiplier 5.0 Operating Characteristics Time /Current characteristics 0.2 to 2.0 times In, in steps of 0.05In 0.05 to 0.8 times On in steps of 0.05 On 0.1 to 1.6 in steps of 0.05 (independent settings for O/C & E/F modes) Front panel programmable , using push buttons. Separate characteristics can be selected for O/C & E/F modes. a) Normal Inverse (NI) 3s b) Normal Inverse (NI) 1.3s n) Very Inverse (VI) o) Extremely Inverse (EI) p) Definite Time (DT) 1s q) Definite time (DT) 10s r) Definite time (DT) 100s 1A or 5A (Field selectable) 50Hz 2.5 Hz 24V to 110V AC/DC 15% or 95V to 240V AC/DC 15%

7.0

Accuracy Pick up current Reset Current Reset time ms 6.0 7.0 Burden

As per Error class 5 of IS: 3231: 1987 Same as set current 95% to 90% of pick up current 0.1 to 10sec in steps of 0.1 sec or less than 50

Less than 0.25 VA/ phase at CT inputs Less than 10 VA at Auxiliary Power supply Operation Indicators Separate LED indications for : Power on Trip status for R, Y, B & E (these LEDs blink when input crosses set point and become steady on when relay has tripped. LEDs have to be manually reset) 4 digit , seven segment LEDs for parameter display

70 of 89 8.0 Output Relay Contacts 4 contacts for trip signal on feeder faults ( one version with 2N/O + 2 N/C and other version with 4 N/O). 1 N/C contact for internal relay fault

9.0

Output contact rating Rated voltage Rated current Rated Breaking Capacity Over Load capacity Electrical performance Specifications Case Front Bezel Panel Cutout Depth Weight

250 V AC / 30 V DC 8A 2000VA / 240 W (Resistive) 2 times rated current continuously 20 times rated current for 1 sec Please refer separate document General Electrical Characteristics 158 x 136 mm 142 x 113 mm 224 mm 1.5 kG approx.

10.0 11.0 12.0

13.0

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THREE PHASE OVER CURRENT + EARTH FAULT RELAY WITH COMMUNICATION TYPE MC61C
Relay MC61CA is a three phase over current + Earth fault relay with 4 measuring elements. The relay has built in highest (instantaneous trip) protection, for both over current & earth fault elements. The relay has an RS485 port through which it can transmit / receive data to & from a PC. The relay has two exclusive contacts for controlling the breaker by commands from PC. With this feature, the user can acquire relay data as well as control the breaker from a central station. The relay can be used for feeder protection in all low voltage, medium voltage and high voltage sub-

72 of 89 stations. The relay has a front panel 4 digit seven segment LED display to read various settings, on line values, switch on values, last trip data etc. User has a choice of 7 trip time characteristics.

50 / 51, 50N/ 51N Three Phase Over current Earth Fault Highset Over current with time delay Higset earth fault with time delay Inverse & Definite time trip Characteristics 4-digit display RS485 communication 3 external digital inputs

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
1.0 2.0 3.0 Rated Current In Rated Frequency Auxiliary Power Supply Relay Settings: Over Current (Is) High set Over Current (Ihs) Earth Fault (Os) High set Earth fault (Ohs) Disable Time Multiplier Automatic doubling of Ihs 5.0 Operating Characteristics Time /Current Characteristics 0.2 to 2.0 times In, in steps of 0.05In 0.2 to 40 times In, in steps of 0.2 In or Disable 0.05 to 0.8 times On in steps of 0.05 On 0.1 to 20 times On in steps of 0.1 On or 0.1 to 1.6 in steps of 0.05 (independent settings for O/C & E/F modes) Enable or Disable Front panel programmable, using push buttons. Separate characteristics can be selected for O/C & E/F modes. a) Normal Inverse (NI) 3s 1A or 5A. 50Hz 2.5 Hz 24V to 110V AC/DC 15% or 95V to 240V AC/DC 15%

8.0

73 of 89 b) s) t) u) v) w) Normal Inverse (NI) 1.3s Very Inverse (VI) Extremely Inverse (EI) Definite Time (DT) 1s Definite time (DT) 10s Definite time (DT) 100s

Trip time for High set Separate for OC and EF modes 0.1sec to 2 sec in steps of 0.01sec or Instantaneous (<50msec) Accuracy As per Error class 5 of IS: 3231: 1987 Pick up current Same as set current Reset Current 95% to 90% of pick up current Reset time 0.1 to 10sec in steps of 0.1 sec or less than 50 ms 6.0 7.0 8.0 Serial communication Node address Digital inputs Blocking function Breaker failure time 9.0 10.0 Burden RS485 standard with MODBUS protocol 1 to 254 programmable Three digital inputs active when relevant terminals are shorted Blocking input will inhibit any of functions O/C or E/F 0.05 sec to 0.25sec insteps of 0.01sec Less than 0.25 VA/ phase at CT inputs Less than 10 VA at Auxiliary Power supply

Operation Indicators Separate LED indications for : Power on Trip status for R, Y, B & E (These LEDs blink when input crosses set point and become steady on when relay has tripped. LEDs have to be manually reset) 4 digits, seven segment LEDs for parameter display Output Relay Contacts 5 relay outputs (R1, R2, R3, R4, R5) R1 for time-delayed trip (Programmable as self / manual reset) R2 for Instantaneous output R3 for opening the breaker through RS485 command R4 for closing the breaker through RS485 command

11.0

74 of 89 12.0 Output contact rating Rated voltage Rated current Rated Breaking Capacity Over Load capacity Electrical performance Specifications Case Front Bezel Panel Cutout Depth Weight R5 for internal relay fault / programming All 5 contacts N/O

250 V AC / 30 V DC 5A 2000VA / 240 W (Resistive) 2 times rated current continuously 20 times rated current for 1 sec Please refer separate document General Electrical Characteristics 158 x 136 mm 142 x 113 mm 204 mm 1.5 kG approx.

13.0 14.0 15.0

16.0

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77 of 89

THREE PHASE OVER CURRENT + EARTH FAULT RELAY WITH HIGHSET TYPE MC61A
Relay MC61A is a three phase over current + Earth fault relay with 4 measuring elements. The relay has built in highest (instantaneous trip) protection, for both over current & earth fault elements. The relay can be used for feeder protection in all low voltage, medium voltage and high voltage sub-stations. The relay has a front panel 4 digit seven segment LED display to read various settings, on line values, switch on values, last trip data etc. User has a choice of 7 trip time characteristics.

Three Phase Over current Earth Fault Highset Over current Higset earth fault Inverse & Definite time trip Characteristics 4 digit display CT secondary 1A / 5a field selectable

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
1.0 2.0 3.0 Rated Current In Rated Frequency Auxiliary Power Supply Relay Settings: Over Current (Is) High set Over Current (Ihs) Earth Fault (Os) High set Earth fault (Ohs) Disable 0.2 to 2.0 times In, in steps of 0.05In 0.2 to 40 times In, in steps of 0.2 In or Disable 0.05 to 0.8 times On in steps of 0.05 On 0.1 to 20 times On in steps of 0.1 On or 1A or 5A (Field selectable) 50Hz 2.5 Hz 24V to 110V AC/DC 15% or 95V to 240V AC/DC 15%

9.0

78 of 89 Time Multiplier 5.0 Operating Characteristics Time /Current 0.1 to 1.6 in steps of 0.05 (independent settings for O/C & E/F modes) Front panel programmable, using push buttons.

Separate characteristics can be selected for O/C & Characteristics E/F modes. a) Normal Inverse (NI) 3s b) Normal Inverse (NI) 1.3s x) Very Inverse (VI) y) Extremely Inverse (EI) z) Definite Time (DT) 1s aa) Definite time (DT) 10s bb) Definite time (DT) 100s High set operating time Less than 50 millisecond at 2 Ihs Accuracy As per Error class 5 of IS: 3231: 1987 Pick up current Same as set current Reset Current 95% to 90% of pick up current Reset time 0.1 to 10sec in steps of 0.1 sec or less than 50 ms 6.0 7.0 Burden Less than 0.25 VA/ phase at CT inputs Less than 10 VA at Auxiliary Power supply

8.0

9.0

10.0 11.0

Operation Indicators Separate LED indications for: Power on Trip status for R, Y, B & E (These LEDs blink when input crosses set point and become steady on when relay has tripped. LEDs have to be manually reset) 4 digits, seven segment LEDs for parameter display Output Relay Contacts 4 contacts for trip signal on feeder faults (One version with 2N/O + 2 N/C and Other version with 4 N/O). 1 N/C contact for internal relay fault Output contact rating Rated voltage 250 V AC / 30 V DC Rated current 5A Rated Breaking Capacity 2000VA / 240 W (Resistive) Over Load capacity 2 times rated current continuously 20 times rated current for 1 sec Electrical performance Please refer separate document Specifications General Electrical Characteristics

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TRIP CIRCUIT SUPERVISION RELAY TYPE TCS 01

Relay tcs01 is a solid-state electronic relay, used for monitoring the healthiness of trip circuits of breakers in LV, MV and HV sub-stations. The relay uses a high stability logic matrix to evaluate the trip circuit status and monitors the continuity of the complete trip circuit, including the breaker auxiliary contacts and the trip coil, both in breaker closed as well as open conditions. The relay has a unique feature of monitoring the trip circuit voltage level and giving alarm whenever this voltage falls below 85% of nominal.

Alarms for: Open circuit trip coil Failure of trip supply Trip supply under voltage Failure of auxiliary supply Failure of breaker mechanism to trip

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS 2.0 Ratings Trip coil supply voltage 20 to 264 V AC/DC Auxiliary supply voltage 20V to 110V AC/DC or 88V to 264V AC/DC Relay Settings:

2.0

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Trip Coil Supply Voltage 24V, 48 V, 110 V, 220 V DC 110 V, 240 V AC Trip Coil Supply 80% 10% of nominal value as above Under voltage (Feature can be disabled) 500-millisec 100 millisecond Less than 150 millisecond Separate LED indications for: Power on Circuit Breaker Status Alarm Indication (Manual reset) 6.0 Output Relay Contacts 2 C/O contacts (self reset) 7.0 Output contact rating Rated voltage 250 V AC / 30 V DC Max. Switching voltage 440 V AC / 300 V DC Rated current 5A Rated Breaking Capacity 2000VA / 240 W (Resistive) 8.0 Electrical performance Please refer separate document Specifications General Electrical Characteristics 9.0 Case Front Bezel 158 x 71 mm Panel Cutout 142 x 113 mm Depth 204 mm 10.0 Weight 0.9 kg approx. 3.0 4.0 5.0 Trip time delay Reset time Operation Indicators

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TYPICAL SCHEME FOR AUTO LOAD SHARING OF 3 DG SETS

1.0

Introduction :

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Following sections describe a typical scheme for auto Load sharing of 3 nos. DG sets connected in parallel to a common bus in a plant. The load sharing scheme described can be envisaged for a building / hospital /hotel complex or any industry. The plant equipments are: a) b) c) One no. Incomer transformer + breaker Three nos. DG sets + breakers Plant Load Feeders

The SLD is as per fig.1 shown below:

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Under normal conditions the plant will be operating from the local SEB supply. When the SEB supply fails, the three DG sets will be synchronized to the plant bus and they will start feeding the plant load. When the three DGs are in parallel, and are feeding the same load, any of the following events can happen if the load sharing scheme is not in place: a) Cascaded Tripping : One of the DGs , can get over loaded and trip causing the remaining DGs to get over loaded and trip . This happens due to mis-match in DG makes, age, and size. The most efficient / largest DG will try and swallow the entire plant load will get over loaded in the process- will trip on over load and cause cascaded tripping of remaining DGs. Hunting of DGs : It should be noted that the plant load may not remain constant it would normally be fluctuating. The operator may stabilize the DGs ( by setting the kW & kVAR outputs) at one level of plant load if the load changes, the operator is required to stabilize the DGs again. As can be seen this is a continuous process the operator will be busy handling the DG controls with every fluctuation in plant load. If the fluctuations are frequent, then the DGs may under go hunting rapid rise/ fall in speed till the operator arrives at correct out put settings. If the operator does not respond quickly , there can be reverse power into DGs and may result in heavy damage to DGs. Heavy circulating current (reactive current) within the DGs : If the power output levels are not same, then one DG will feed current into the next DG resulting in a situation where there is a heavy circulating current among DGs. The plant load can be zero but one can see full laod currents flowing in the ammeters of the DGs. This condition will reduce the life of the DG sets. Poor power factor : One or more generators may run on a poor PF, depending upon the ratio of its kw output to kVAR output. Consequent to the above, it is important to install an Automatic Load Sharing Scheme, whenever more than one DG is run in parallel with another DG on the same bus. This will control the power out put of

b)

c)

d)

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each DG such that the % loading with respect to its rating (i.e.) all DGs will share the plant load equally. For example, all DGs will run 60% if the plant load is 60% of the total capacity of all DGs. If the plant load goes to 70% of the total capacity, each DG will start delivering 70% of its rated power. This change in the output levels of the DGs are achieved automatically by providing control signals to the exciter ( for kVAR sharing) and to governor ( for kW sharing). Since the percentage loading is maintained same, there will be no hunting , there will be no over load ( unless the plant load goes beyond the cumulative capacities of all three DGs , which is rare), there will be no circulating current and there will be no cascaded tripping. 2.0 Scope of work envisaged in the scheme are: a) b) c) d) e) f) On line measurement of power output of each DG set for a given plant load Monitoring of over power condition of each DG set Providing control pulses (on line) for the governor & exciter of each DG as required to ensure that all DGs run at same percentage loading with respect o their ratings. Cut in / cut out logic for the DG sets this will determine the optimum number of DG sets to be run, to feed a given plant load. Interlocks required for safe operation of the plant Auto / Manual facility

Following sections give a more detailed idea on how the proposed system achieves the above scope of work.

3.0

Components of the system ; The system is supplied in a floor-mounting panel as per he GA diagram shown in fig. 2. The system consists of following components:

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Front panel mounted components : a) b) c) d) e) f) 3 nos. Load sharing Relays , for active power kW ( one per DG) 3 nos. Load sharing Relays, for reactive power kVAR ( one per DG) 1 no. Auto / Manual Switch 12 nos. PBs for inc / dec signals of Voltage & frequency of each DG set (4 per DG set) 4 nos. comprehensive measuring instrument QUASAR 1 No.DC voltage monitoring unit

Back Panel Instruments : a) b) c) d) e) 6 nos. plug in auxiliary relays 1 no. DC MCB for switching the Auxiliary supply Fuses as may be required Terminals as may be required One no. Mini PLC

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Fig. 2

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4.0

Load sharing process (Auto Mode) : The heart of the system is the Auto load sharing relay (LSR) type RRS. This relay has the following features (please refer fig.3). a) RRS continuously measures the power out put of each DG. If set in kW mode , it will measure active power. If set in kVAR mode, it will measure reactive power. RRS gives three relay out put contacts. One is increase pulse . The second is decrease pulse. The third is over power contact. If RRS is used as kW controller, the inc / dec pulses are given to the governor controls of DG set. If RRS is used as kVAR controller, the inc / dec pulses are given to the exciter controls of the DG set. The over power contact is used as a over power monitor / protection. RRS gives a DC voltage output , proportional to the measured power. This DC voltage ia made available at terminals 14 & 15, and it will be equal to 3 V if the measured power is equal to the rated power (100% ) of the DG. The rated power can be set on the front panel of the RRS relay.

b)

c)

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Please see fig. 4 which shows typical connection of two RRS relays, one for each DG. Both RRS relays are for kW control. Please note that the DC voltage out put terminals of each RRS (14 & 15) are connected as a DC bus. Under this condition, the status of the RRS out puts will be as shown in the table in fig .4. Points to be noted are : - RRS will give increase pulse if internal DC current is from A to B - RRS will give decrease pulses if internal DC current is from B to A - RRS will not give any pulse if there is no current (ie) when both RRS voltages are equal. In other words, each RRS will give inc / dec pulses so as to bring its DC voltage equal equal to the DC voltage of other which in turn will happen only if each RRS is measuring same percentage of power output from their respective DGs. This is the process by which the RRS relays ensure proper load sharing. Load sharing can be enabled / disabled by means of a contact at terminals at terminals 21/22 of RRS. This will help in Auto/Manual mode selection .
5.0

Frequency Control : The system also ensures that load sharing is performed t 50 Hz, when the frequency control is enabled. The master DG will run at 50 HZ and the slaves DGs will follow the master, to maintain the speed of the system at 50Hz equivalent.

6.0

Load sharing process - Manual Mode : In this case all RRS relays are totally disabled. The relays will not give any pulse out puts. The operator has to maintain the

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output levels of each DG by means of front panel inc/dec push buttons. 7.0 Control Circuit wiring diagram : The above sections explain the general guidelines, control actions and hardware required for auto load sharing scheme. There can be minor variations, additional requirements based on the specific needs of an actual installation.