World Applied Sciences Journal 13 (11): 2350-2354, 2011

ISSN 1818-4952
IDOSI Publications, 2011

Corresponding Author: Dr. M. Khorasany, Young Researcher Club, Shahr-E-Rey Branch, Islamic Azad University,
Shahr-E-Rey, Iran
2350
Numerical Method For Solving Fuzzy Abel Integral Equations

1
M. Khorasany,
2
S. Khezerloo and
3
A.Yildirim

1
Young Researcher Club, Shahr-E-Rey Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahr-E-Rey, Iran
2
Young Researcher Club, Ardabil Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ardabil, Iran
3
Department of Mathematics, Science Faculty, Ege University, Campus, 35100 Bornova, I.zmir, Turkey

Abstract: In this paper we study the existence and exact solution of fuzzy Abel integral equation of first
kind for the fuzzy continuous function. Otherwise solving this equation always isn't simple, we use fuzzy
approximation for finding the approximation of the solution.

Key words: Fuzzy number fuzzy function fuzzy integral equation fuzzy abel integral equation
numerical method

INTRODUCTION

The fuzzy differential and integral equations are
important part of the fuzzy analysis theory. Park et al.
[8] have considered the existence of solution of fuzzy
integral equation in Banach space and Subrahmaniam
and Sudarsanam [12] proved the existence of solution
of fuzzy functional equations. An integral equation is
called singular if either the range of integration is
infinite or the kernel has singularities within the range
of integration. Such equations occur rather frequently
in mathematical physics and possess very unusual
properties. Now in section 3 we define fuzzy Abel
integral equation and use fuzzy differential to solve the
equation. But in the section 5 we apply the fuzzy
approximation to approximate this answer because
solving t he equation always is not possible.

BASIC CONCEPTS

Let E = {u : R [0,1] | u % % satisfies (i)-(iv) below }
where

u% is normal, i.e., there exists an x
0
R such that
u(x
0
) = 1,
u% is fuzzy convex,
u% upper semicontinuous,

0
[u] =cl{x R| u( x) >0} % is compact.

If u E % , then u% is called a fuzzy number and E is
said to be a fuzzy number space. For 0<r1 denote

r
[u] = {x R| u( x) r} % %
Definition 2.1: A fuzzy number u% is a pair [u(r),u(r)]
of functions u(r),u(r);0 r 1 which satisfy the
following requirements

1. u(r) is monotonically increasing left continuous
function,
2. u(r) is monotonically decreasing left continuous
function,
3. u(r) u(r),0 r 1.

A popular fuzzy number is trapezoidal
fuzzy number with tolerance interval [a,b], left
width and right width if its membership
function has the following form and we use the
notation:

u=( a, b, , ) %

its parametric form:

u( r ) =a (1 r) , u( r ) =b (1 r) +

We also use the notation

r
[u] =[u(r),u(r)] %


to denote the r-cut of arbitrary fuzzy number u% for all
0<r1.

Definition 2.2: Let v=(v(r),v(r)) , u=(u(r),u(r)) % % Some
results of applying fuzzy arithmetics on fuzzy numbers
v , u % % are as follows
World Appl. Sci. J., 13 (11): 2350-2354, 2011
2351

x>0: xv=(xv(r), xv(r)) %
x<0: xv=(xv(r), xv(r)) %
v u=( v( r ) u(r),v(r) u(r)) + + + % %
v u=( v( r ) u(r),v(r) u(r)) % %

Definition 2.3: Let A, B two nonempty bounded
subsets of R. The Hausdorff distance between A
and B is

H
a A b B
b B a A
d (A, B)=max[ | a b| , | a b|] sup sup inf inf




Let D: E E R {0}
+
be defined by

r r
H
0 r 1
D(u,v)= d ( [ u] , [ v] ) sup

% %

D is a metric on E

Definition 2.4: For f, g: [a, b] E
%
% which f , g
%
% are
continuous, we can defined a metric as follow

*
0 t b
D ( f , g) = D(f(t),g(t)) sup

% %
% %

We now follow Goetschel and Voxman [13] and
define the integral of a fuzzy function using the
Riemann integral concept. Let f : [ a, b] E
%
For each
partition P = {t
0
, t
1
,,t
n
} of [a,b] with h = max|t
i
-t
i-1
|
and for arbitrary
i i 1 i i
: t t , 1 i n

let

n
p i i i 1
i=0
R = f ( )(t t )

%


The definite integral of f(t )
%
over [a,b] is

b
p
a
h 0
f(t )dt = R
lim

%


provided that this limit exists in the metric D.
If the fuzzy function f(t )
%
is continuous in the
metric D, its definite integral exists [13]. Furthermore,


b b
a a
b b
a a
( f(t, r)dt)= f(t,r)dt,3mm
( f(t, r)dt)= f(t,r)dt



(1)

It should be noted that the fuzzy integral can be
also defined using the Lebesgue-type approach [14].
However, if (t) is continuous, both approaches yield
the same value.

Theorem 2.1: [1] Let f : R E
%
be a fuzzy function
and set

f(t)=(f(t, r), f(t, r))
%


for each r(0,1), then:

If f
%
is differentiable in the first form (i)-
differentiable, then f(t,r) and f(t,r) are
differentiable functions and:

f (t )=(f(t , r), f(t , r))
%


If f
%
is differentiable in the second form (ii) -
differentiable, then f(t,r) and f(t,r) are
differentiable functions and:

f (t )=(f(t , r), f(t , r))
%


Lemma 2.1: [1] For x
0
R, the fuzzy differential
equation

0 0
y =f ( x , y ) , y ( x ) =y E
%
%


where f : R E E
%
is supposed to be continuous, is
equivalent to one of the integral equations:

x
0 0 1
x
0
y( x) =y f(t,y(t))dt, x [x , x ] +

%
%
or
x
0 0 1
x
0
y =y(x) ( 1) f(t,y(t))dt, x [x , x ] +

%
%

on some interval (x
0
, x
1
)R, under the strong
differentiability condition, (i) or (ii), respectively.
Here the equivalence between two equations
means that any solution of an equation is a solution for
the other one.

FUZZY ABEL INTEGRAL EQUATION

The integral equations which are discussed in this
section are the Abel equations of the first kind.
Consider the fuzzy Abel integral equation of first kind:


s
a
g(t)
f ( s) = dt, 0 < < 1
[h(s) h(t)]

%
%
(2)

Existence theorem
Theorem 3.1: Suppose that the h(x) is a strictly
monotonically increasing and differentiable function
World Appl. Sci. J., 13 (11): 2350-2354, 2011
2352

in (a,b) and [h(s)-h(t)]>0, h(t)>0 in this interval and
consider the integral


s
1
a
h(u)f(u)du
<
[h(s) h(u)]

%
(3)

be exist [7] then Eq. (2) has solution.

Proof: by using (3) and substitute for f(u)
%
from (2)
then we have


s
1
a
s u
1
a a
s u
1
a a
h(u)f(u)du
[h(s) h(u)]
h( u) g(t)dt
= ( )du*3mm
[h(s) h(u)] [h(u) h(t)]
g(t)h(u)dtdu
=
[h(u) h(t)] [ h( s) h(u)]

%
%
%
(4)

which, by change of the order of integration, becomes


s
1
a
s s
1
a t
h(u)f(u)du
[h(s) h(u)]
h(u)du
= g(t)dt
[h(u) h(t)][h(s) h(u)]

%
%
(5)

The inner integral in right hand side is easily
proved to be equal to the Beta function B(, 1-). We
have thus proved that


s s
1
a a
h(u)f(u)du
= g(t)dt
[h(s) h(u)] sin( )




%
% (6)

and by differentiating both side of (6) and then
changing s to t, gives the required solution


t
1
a
sin( ) d h(u)f(u)du
g( t ) =
dt [h(s) h(u)]

%
% (7)

Let
t
1
a
sin( ) h(u)f(u)du
W( t ) =
[h(s) h(u)]

%
%


Therefor

d
g( t ) = W(t)
dt
%
% (8)

In (8) right hand side possible i or ii-differentiable
which here we assume W(t)
%
is i-differentiable then by
using theorem (2.1) we have


t
1
a
t
1
a
t
1
a
f(r,u) ,
h( u) du
f(r,u) sin( ) d
[g(r,t) , g(r,t)]= *3mm
dt [h(s) h(u)]
sin( ) d h(u)f(r,u)du
= [ ,
dt [h(s) h(u)]
sin( ) d h(u)f(r,u)du
]
dt [h(s) h(u)]

(9)
where


t
1
a
t
1
a
sin( ) d h(u)f(r,u)du
g(r, t)= *3mm
dt [h(s) h(u)]
sin( ) d h(u)f(r,u)du
g( r , t ) =
dt [h(s) h(u)]

(10)

Homogeneous we can proof for (ii)-differentiable.

NUMERICAL METHOD

In this Section we want to approximate the f(t )
%

with interpolate formula. We are going to approximate
fuzzy function f(x)
%
by using a sequence of functions as
i i=1
{ h }

in the following form

i i
i=0
f ( x) = a h ( x )

%
% (11)

where
i
a% , i = 0,1,2, are fuzzy coefficients. It is clear
that


n
i i
i = 0
f(x); a h ( x )

%
% (12)

where we can by using fuzzy linear system methods
finding
i
a% 's. Now we replace f(x)
%
in (7) by using (4.9)
then


n
i i
t
i =0
1
a
n
t
i
i 1
a
i=0
n
t
i
i
1
a
i = 0
n
t
i
i
a
i = 0
h( u) ah( u) du
sin( ) d
g(t) ; *4mm
dt [h(s) h(u)]
sin( ) d h(u)h(u)du
= a *4mm
dt [h(s) h(u)]
sin( ) d h(u)h(u)du
= a *4mm
dt [h(s) h(u)]
sin( ) d h(u)h(u)du
= a
dt [

%
%
%
%
%
1
h(s) h(u)]

(13)
If

t
i
i 1
a
sin( ) d h(u)h(u)du
J ( t ) =
dt [h(s) h(u)]

World Appl. Sci. J., 13 (11): 2350-2354, 2011
2353

then we have
i i
i=0
g(t )= a J ( t )

% %

EXAMPLE

Example 1: Consider the following fuzzy Abel integral
equation

s
1
0
2
[g(r,t),g(r,t)]dt
[r,2 r]s=
(s t)

by using (10) we have

t
1
0
2
1
2
1 d urdu
g(r,t) = *3mm
dt
(t u)
2t
= r

analogous have:
1
2
2t
g(r, t )=(2 r)
_

,


Example 2: Consider the following fuzzy Abel integral
equation

s
1
0
2
2 2
3 3
g(t)
f ( x) = dt3mm
(s t)
f ( s, r ) =r r rt r t3mm
f ( s, r ) =4 r r 4t rt r t

+
+ +

%
%


by using (10) we have

3 3
2 2
2 2
3 3 3
3
2 2 2
3
g(s, r)=2r s 2r s 4/3rs 4/3r s 3mm
16s 4rs 4 r s
g(s, r)=8 s 2r s 2r s
3 3 3
+
+ +


Example 3: Consider the following fuzzy Abel integral
equation

s
s
1
0
2
g(t)dt
(2,1,1)e =
(s t)

%


if we replace
2
s
s
e ; 1 s
2
+ + then with (13) have

2
t t t
1 1 1
0 0 0
2 2 2
1 d du udu 1 udu
g(t);(2,1,1)
dt 2
(t u) (t u) (t u)
1
1
+ +
1

1
]

%

therefor approximation of integral solution is

1 1 3
2 2 2
1 5 13
g(t);(2,1,1) ( t 2t t )
4 30

1
+ +
1

]
%

CONCLUSION

In this paper we investigate fuzzy Able integral
equation and existence theorem with application way to
give exact solution of problem, if we can to find fuzzy
integral equation. Otherwise it is possible we cannot to
give exact solution where we apply Taylor expansion in
this research.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The authors would like to thank the Prof
Abbasbandy and Prof Allahviranloo for their careful
reading of the paper and helpful suggestions and
anonymous referees.

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