- Main governmental and non-governmental organizations involved in biodiversity and urban/territorial planning in the locality/city (please provide a diagram

to explain institutional structure and associated mandates), Buku ini disusun oleh unit Asisten Deputi Urusan Perencanaan Lingkungan dengan harapan dapat memberikan informasi yang lebih baik mengenai pertimbangan-pertimbangan apa yang harus diketahui dalam menerapkan KLHS di bidang penataan ruang. Intisari isinya adalah merupakan ikhtisar dari Rancangan Peraturan Menteri Negara Lingkungan Hidup mengenai Panduan Umum Kajian Lingkungan Hidup Strategis yang mengalami modifikasi untuk disesuaikan dengan isu-isu dalam penataan ruang. Tidak tertutup kemungkinan bahwa pada tahun-tahun berikutnya akan kembali diterbitkan buku sejenis yang merupakan catatan terbaru atas tambahan pengalaman penerapan KLHS di bidang penataan ruang.

IBSAP merupakan dokumen yang disusun dalam kerangka komitmen pada Konvensi PBB mengenai Keanekaragaman Hayati (KKH) atau Convention on Biological Diversity. KKH diratifikasi oleh Indonesia melalui Undangundang No. 5/1994. Salah satu pasal dalam KKH menganjurkan negara pihak (yaitu negara yang meratifikasi perjanjian ini) untuk menyusun strategi dan rencana aksi di bidang pengelolaan keanekaragaman hayati secara berkelanjutan. Indonesia, melalui Bappenas, sebenarnya telah menyusun Rencana Aksi Keanekaragaman Hayati atau BAPI (Biodiversity Action Plan for Indonesia) pada 1993. Dokumen tersebut dimaksudkan menjadi panduan bagi pengelolaan keanekaragaman hayati secara lestari. IBSAP disusun melalui proses konsultasi regional di enam kawasan yaitu Jawa-Bali, Nusa Tenggara, Sumatera, Kalimantan, Sulawesi dan Papua, serta dua kali lokakarya nasional dan beberapa diskusi kecil di Jakarta. Dalam setiap konsultasi diusahakan ada wakil dari pemerintah, masyarakat adat, ornop dan pengusaha. Namun hal itu tidak selalu berhasil. Hasil konsultasi regional dituangkan dalam Volume II dokumen IBSAP. Sementara Volume I, yaitu dokumen nasional memuat strategi dan rencana aksi, yang dibahas dalam tulisan ini.

In addition, BAPI 1993 was formulated together by the Indonesian government (BAPPENAS, the Ministry of Environment, Ministry

of Agriculture, Ministry of Forestry, Ministry of Internal Affairs), research institutions (Herbarium Bogoriense and the Indonesian Institute of Sciences) and non-governmental stakeholders (WALHI, SKEPHI) with the support of international development institutions (the World Bank, IUCN and WWF). This is an indication that although the formulation of BAPI 1993 was not fully consultative, there was a process of dialog between the government and other stakeholders. The formulation process Though some non-governmental organization (NGO) representatives were involved, the formulation of BAPI was regarded as highly exclusive in nature, and involved only little public participation. Its approach was centralistic and top-down, and as a result there was limited sense of ownership and commitment towards BAPI 1993 among the stakeholders.

This document also did not define clearly the institution that is charged with the responsibility to ensure its implementation and to achieve its targets and objectives set in it. In addition, BAPI 1993 did not have formal legal basis in the national legislation, so it was not legally binding. As a result relevant stakeholders were not legally bound to comply with its contents. This is true as well as for sectoral ministries or other government institutions that felt they had no obligation to adopt BAPI 1993 in their planning and management programs

Despite the above weaknesses, it does not mean that the contents of BAPI 1993 were irrelevant. Some biodiversity management activities were carried out as result of it. Among others, the biodiversity collection and inventory activities conducted by LIPI with funding from GEF grant (see details in Chapter 4). Integrated conservation and development programs or ICDP also intensified (see Chapter 4 for more details on ICDP).