PROGRAM DIDIK CEMERLANG AKADEMIK (PDCA) 2011 SPM

MODULE 12 MATHEMATICS

PROGRAM DIDIK CEMERLANG AKADEMIK SPM 2011

MODULE 12 MATHEMATICS
ANJURAN : JABATAN PELAJARAN NEGERI PULAU PINANG (JPN PP) BAHAGIAN PENYELARASAN PENYERTAAN BUMIPUTERA (BPPB), UNIT PENYELARASAN PELAKSANAAN, JABATAN PERDANA MENTERI LEMBAGA KEMAJUAN WILAYAH PULAU PINANG ( PERDA ), UNIT PENYELARASAN PELAKSANAAN, JABATAN PERDANA MENTERI PUSAT URUS ZAKAT PULAU PINANG (PUZ), MAJLIS AGAMA ISLAM NEGERI PULAU PINANG
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PROGRAM DIDIK CEMERLANG AKADEMIK (PDCA) 2011 SPM

MODULE 12 MATHEMATICS

ALGEBRAIC FORMULAE ,ALGEBRAIC FRACTION AND VARIATIONS. 1. ALGEBRAIC FORMULAE 1.1 Change the subject of the formula by using operation + . - , x, EXAMPLE a) p = q 2r q = p + 2r EXERCISE a) 2ab = m n2 , express m as the subject of the formula

b ) y = 3x + 4 7 7y = 3x + 28 3x = 7y 28 x = 7y 28 3 c) 5x + 5a = 2x + b 5x 2x = b 5a 3x = b 5a x = b 5a 3

b) y = 3x 5 ,

express x as the subject of the formula

c) mn + mx = nx m , express x as the subject of the formula

1..2 Change the subject of the formula involves change roots and square roots EXAMPLE a) 3s = f2 t t f2 = 3s t2 3s f = t2 EXERCISE a) w = g nh2 , express n as the subject of the formula

PROGRAM DIDIK CEMERLANG AKADEMIK (PDCA) 2011 SPM

MODULE 12 MATHEMATICS

Exercise 1.1

1. If v = u + ft, express t in term v,u and f

2. Given x = 2mn , express n 5 In term of x and m.

3. L = j ( t + j ) express t as the subject

4. H =

3n + 2 , express n n-1

as the subject

5. 3 ( 5a b ) = 7 b express b in term of a.

6.

I =

1 2 j t 3

, then j

7.

15 2x y

= 6 , then x

PROGRAM DIDIK CEMERLANG AKADEMIK (PDCA) 2011 SPM

MODULE 12 MATHEMATICS

SPM QUESTIONS. 1. SPM 2003, PAPER 1, No. 22 Given that p = 3

5 p 1

, then n =

A.

3(5 p 1) 2 p 3(5 p 2 1) p2

5 p 1 9 p
5 p 1 9 p
2

D.

2. SPM 2004, PAPER 1 , No. 21 Given that

2t =3 2 1
2

then n =

A.

36t + 1

2t 1 3
2t + 1 3
2

B,

(6t 1)

D.

3. SPM 2005, PAPER 1, No. 21.

Given that y =

w , express w in terms of y . 1+ w

A.

w =

y 1 y y 1+ y

w=

1 y y 1+ y y

B.

w =

D.

w =

PROGRAM DIDIK CEMERLANG AKADEMIK (PDCA) 2011 SPM

MODULE 12 MATHEMATICS

4. SPM 2006,PAPER 1 , No 21 Given that

8m 2 n =mn + n, express m in term of n 3

A.

m=

n 8 3n

C.

m=

5n 3n 8

B. m= 5.

n 3n 8

D.

m=

5n 8 3n

SPM JULY 2004, PAPER1, NO. 22 Given that 1 + w = A. p=

3 2w 2 3 w 2 5 2p , then p in terms of w is 2 7w C. p= 2

B.

p=

D.

p =

5 4w 2

6. SPM JULY 2005, PAPER1, NO. 20 Given that g(h+1) 3h = 5g, express h in terms of g. A. h =
1 4g 2

C.

h=

6g g 3 4g g 3

1 5g D. 3 g 7. SPM JUN 2006, PAPER1, NO. 21

B.

h=

h =

Given that k =
4k 4 1+ k 4k + 4 1 k

4+m , then m = 4m

A.

C.

k 1 1+ k k +1 1 k

B.

D.

PROGRAM DIDIK CEMERLANG AKADEMIK (PDCA) 2011 SPM

MODULE 12 MATHEMATICS

2.

ALGEBRAIC FRACTION

2.1 SUBTRACTION EXAMPLE 1)

a c b d

EXERCISE 1)
e g f h

ad bc bd a ce b d p rs q t

2)

2)

ad b(c e) bd 3 p 4m n

3)

3)

4 p 3m n

3n 4mp 4mn 4 pq 3m n

4)

3 pq 4m n 3n 4m( p q ) 4mn 1 3a 1 4a 8a 2

4)

5)

5)

1 3a 1 8a 4a 2

8a 2 4a (3a 1) 4a (8a 2 )

PROGRAM DIDIK CEMERLANG AKADEMIK (PDCA) 2011 SPM

MODULE 12 MATHEMATICS

Exercise 2.1

1.

1 2 a b 2 3e b d

2.

3.

2 4 5m n 4 p3 5m n 1 2a 1 8a 4a 2

4.

5.

2.2 SIMPLIFY THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS EXAMPLE 1.

2m 4 2

EXERCISE 1.
2a 4 2

= =

2( m 2) 2

m-2
4m 2 2 4b 2 2

2.

2.

= =

2(2m 1) 2

2m 1

PROGRAM DIDIK CEMERLANG AKADEMIK (PDCA) 2011 SPM

MODULE 12 MATHEMATICS

3.

4mn 2m 2m

3.

4ab 2a 2a

= = 4.

2m(2n 1) 2m

2n -1
4m 2 2m 2m

4.

4 n 2 2n 2n

= = 5

2m(2m 1) 2m

2m -1 m 2 2m m
m ( m 2) m m-2

5.

n 2 2n n

= =

CLONE PAST YEAR QUESTIONS. EXAMPLE 1 n4 1. 2n 6n 2 =

(1)(6n 2 ) (2n)(n 4) (2n)(6n 2 ) 6 n 2 ( 2 n 2 8n ) 12n 3 4 n 2 + 8n 12n 3 4 n ( n + 2) 12n3 n+2 3n 2 8

PROGRAM DIDIK CEMERLANG AKADEMIK (PDCA) 2011 SPM

MODULE 12 MATHEMATICS

EXERCISE 2.2
1 2n 1 4 n 8n 2

1.

2.

1 4m 1 3m 6m 2

3.

1 3m 1 2 m 8m 2

SPM QUESTIONS. 1 SPM 2003, Paper 1,No. 21

h+3 2h = 3h h

A.

2h 3 3h 2h + 1 3h

C.

2h 3 3h 4h 3 3h 9

B.

D.

PROGRAM DIDIK CEMERLANG AKADEMIK (PDCA) 2011 SPM

MODULE 12 MATHEMATICS

2.

SPM 2004, Paper 1, No .19 Express

2 4n 3n 9n

as a single fraction in its simplest form.

A.

7n 4 9n 2 5n 4 9n 2

C.

n2 9n 2 n+2 9n 2

B. 3.

D.

SPM 2005,Paper 1, NO.20 Express

p 1 p 3m m

as a single fraction in its simplest form.

4p 3 3m 2p 3 3m

A.

pm 3m p 3m 2 pm 3m + p 3m
2

C.

B. 4

D.

SPM 2006,Paper 1, NO.20 Simplify (3n2 + mn) x A.

m n m n2 m n (m + 3n )
2

C.

m2 n2 3m 2 4n

B. 5.

D.

SPM JULY 2004, Paper 1, NO.21 Express

m + 4 2(1 3m) as a single fraction in its simplest form. 2 3

A.

2 5m 6 7m + 2 6

C.

15m + 8 6 8 9m 6 10

B.

D.

PROGRAM DIDIK CEMERLANG AKADEMIK (PDCA) 2011 SPM

MODULE 12 MATHEMATICS

6.

SPM JULY 2005, Paper 1, NO.19 Express A.

7 m4 as a single fraction in its simplest form. 12m 4m 2 m 1 m3 C. 2 3m 3m 2 m +1 3m 2

B. 7.

D.

m+3 3m 2

SPM JUN 2006, Paper 1, NO.20 Express

m 1 m + as a single fraction in its simplest form. n 2n

A.

1+ m 2n m+n 2n

C.

1 2n 2 1 3n

B. 3.

D.

VARIATIONS DIRECT VARIATION a) The variable y varies directly as the variable x if and only if y is a constant. x The equation connecting y and x y x y = kx , EXAMPLE 1 P varies directly as Q. Given that P = Express P in term of Q. P Q 1 = k ( 2) 3 1 k = 6 1 P= Q 6 P = kQ k = constant
1 when Q = 2, 3

b)

k = constant

Answer:

11

PROGRAM DIDIK CEMERLANG AKADEMIK (PDCA) 2011 SPM

MODULE 12 MATHEMATICS

Excercise 3.11 Given that P varies directly as Q. Complete the following table. No 1 2 3 P 6 10
1 2

Q 3 5
1 6

k( constant)

expression P = kQ

4 5 3

4 h-4

1 12

6.

F varies directly as G. Given that F = , when G = 3, Express F in term of G.

7.

P varies directly as x and p = 10 , when x = 5, Express P in term of x.

EXAMPLE 2 S varies directly as t 3 and S = 32 when t = 2. Express S In term of t and find S when t = S t 3 S = k t3 32 = k(2) 3 32 = 8k k = 4 Expression S = 4t 3
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PROGRAM DIDIK CEMERLANG AKADEMIK (PDCA) 2011 SPM

MODULE 12 MATHEMATICS

When t =

S=

4t

3 3

1 S = 4 2 1 1 S = 4 = 8 2

Exercise 3.12 Given that S varies directly as t 3. Complete the following table: No. a b c d e f S 5 16 128 2 t 1 2 3 4 1 k Expression S = k t
3

3.2 INVERSE VARIATION a) The variable y varies inversely as the variable x if and only if xy Is a constant Expressing in the form of an equation y
1 x k , k = constant x

b)

y = EXAMPLE 1 1.

Given that y varies inversely as x and y = 6 when x = 4. Express y in term of x and find the value of y when x = 3. y y = 6 =
1 x k , k = constant x k , k = 24 4 24 x

Express y =

y =

24 ,y =8 3

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PROGRAM DIDIK CEMERLANG AKADEMIK (PDCA) 2011 SPM

MODULE 12 MATHEMATICS

Exercise 3.21 1. No. a b c d Given that y varies inversely as x, Complete the following table. y 3 5
1 2 1 3

x 2 3 8 12
1 3 1 4

Expression y =

k x

e f g 2.

9 12

14

Given that y varies inversely as x and x = 4 , when y= 3. Express y in term of x. Find the value of y when x = 6.

3.

Given that p varies inversely as x and p = 6 when x =

1 . 3 1 Express p in term of x. Find the value of p when x = 3 3

14

PROGRAM DIDIK CEMERLANG AKADEMIK (PDCA) 2011 SPM

MODULE 12 MATHEMATICS

EXAMPLE 2 Given that S varies inversely as the square root of v and S = 6 when v = 9. Express S in term of v. Find the value of S when v = 4. S S =
1 v k v

k 9 k = 18

6=

Expression when

S =

18 v 18 4

v=4 , S =

18 =9 2

Exercise 3.22 1. Given that s varies inversely as square root of v. Complete the following table :

No. a b c d e

s 3 2

v 4 9 4 16 9

Expression s =

6 8 27

2.

Given that p varies inversely as q 2 . Given that p = 4 when q = 3. Express p in term q . Find the value of p when q = 2.

15

PROGRAM DIDIK CEMERLANG AKADEMIK (PDCA) 2011 SPM

MODULE 12 MATHEMATICS

3.

Given that y varies inversely as x. If y = 3 and x =2. Write the equation connecting y and x.

3.3

JOINT VARIATION A quantity is proportional to two or more other quantities. EXAMPLE a) P varies directly as q and varies inversely as v P
q v

b)

kq ,k = constant v P varies directly as square root of q and varies inversely as r

P=

q r k q P= , k = constant r

c)

M varies inversely as x and square root of y. M

1 x y
k x y

M =

, k = constant

16

PROGRAM DIDIK CEMERLANG AKADEMIK (PDCA) 2011 SPM

MODULE 12 MATHEMATICS

EXAMPLE 1 and m = 3 and y = 16 . Express m in term x and y . Find x y the value of y when m = 9 and x = 12. Solution :m Given that m

1 x y k x y
k = 3 16 k k = 3 4 12

m =

3=

k = 36 , expression 9 = m =

36 x y

36 12 y
36 9 12 1 1 = 9 3
2

y =

Exercise 3.31 1. Given that m m 3 2 1 x 2 3 2

1 x y

, Complete the following table :y 1 4 9 k express m =

No. a b c

17

PROGRAM DIDIK CEMERLANG AKADEMIK (PDCA) 2011 SPM

MODULE 12 MATHEMATICS

2.

Given that y varies directly as x and z , and y = 6 when x=

1 1 dan z = 2. Find the value of y when x= 8 and z = . 3 6

3. z y x 10 25 2 8 36 p

The table above shows some values of variables z,y and x y such that z , Express z in term x dan y . x

4.

If y varies directly as x and inversely as z and y = 6 when x= 2 and z = 5, find the value of z when y = 35 and x = 7.

5.

Given that p

q and p = 9 when q = 24 and r = 2. Find the value of q r3 When p = 6 and r = -1.

18

PROGRAM DIDIK CEMERLANG AKADEMIK (PDCA) 2011 SPM

MODULE 12 MATHEMATICS

SPM QUESTIONS 1.SPM 2003,PAPER 1,NO: 35 Given that p is directly proportinal to n 2 and p = 36 when n = 3 ,Express p in terms of n . A p = n2 B p = 4 n2 C p= 9 n 2 D p= 12 n 2

2.SPM 2003,PAPER 1,NO: 36 Table 1 shows some values of the variables w,x and y, which satisfy the relationship W
x y

w x y

2 8 4 Table 1

3 18 n

Calculate the value of n. A 6 B 9 C 12 D 36

3.SPM 2004,PAPER 1,NO: 38 P varies directly as the square root of Q. The relation between P and Q is 1 1 1 A . P Q 2 B. P Q 2 C. P 1 D. P 2 Q Q2 4.SPM 2004,PAPER 1,NO: 39 Table 2 shows the relation between three variables, p,m and r. p m r 3 6 8 w 4 9

Table 2 m Given that p ,calculate the value of w. r A 16 B 24 C 36 D 81 19

PROGRAM DIDIK CEMERLANG AKADEMIK (PDCA) 2011 SPM

MODULE 12 MATHEMATICS

5. SPM 2005,PAPER 1,NO: 36 Table 3 shows some values of the variables x and y,such that y varies inversely as the square root of x. x y 4 6 16 3 Table 3 Find the relation between y and x. A y=3 x B y=
12 x

y=

3 2 x 8

y=

96 x2

6. SPM 2005, PAPER 1,NO: 37 It is given that y varies directly as the square root of x and y = 15 when x = 9. Calculate the value of x when y = 30. A 5 B 18 C 25 D 36

7. SPM 2005, PAPER 1,NO: 38 Table 4 shows some values of the variables w, x and y such that w varies directly as the square of x and inversely as y. w 40 m x 4 6 y 2 4 Table 4 Calculate the value of m. A 90 B 45 C 30 D 15

8. SPM 2006,PAPER 1,NO: 36 It is given that w varies directly with the cube of p and w = 8 when p= 4. Calculate the value of p when w = 27. A
3 8

3 2

24

20

PROGRAM DIDIK CEMERLANG AKADEMIK (PDCA) 2011 SPM

MODULE 12 MATHEMATICS

9. SPM 2006,PAPER 1,NO: 37 It is given that y and y = 3 when x = 36. x Calculate the value of y when x = 4. A 2 B 9 C 18
1

48

10.SPM 2006,PAPER 1,NO: 38 Table 3 shows two sets of values of p,q and r which satisfy r pq p q r Table 3 Calculate the value of w. A 0.2 B 8 3 4 w 10 12

1.2

2.4

7.2

11. SPM JULY 2004,PAPER1,NO: 37 The relation between p, n and r is p

n . It is given that p = 4 when n = 4 dan r = 6. r Calculate the value of p when n = 64 and r = 3.

16

24

32

12. SPM JULY 2004,PAPER 1,NO: 38 It is given that p varies inversely with w and p = 6 when w = 2. Express p in terms of w. A p=
3 w

p=

12 w

p = 3w

p = 12w

21

PROGRAM DIDIK CEMERLANG AKADEMIK (PDCA) 2011 SPM

MODULE 12 MATHEMATICS

13. SPM JULY 2005,PAPER1,NO: 37 Table 4 shows values of the variables x and y. x y 3 5 m 15

It is given that x varies directly with y. Calculate the value of m. A 6 B 9 C 12 D 15

14. SPM JULY 2005,PAPER 1,NO: 38 P varies directly with the square of R and inversely with Q. It is given that P = 2 when Q = 3 and R = 4 . Express P in terms of R and Q. A
3R 2 P= 8Q

P=

32Q 3R 2

P=

3 R Q

P=

4Q 3 R

15. SPM JUN 2006,PAPER 1,NO: 36 It is given that y varies inversely with x and y = 21 when x = 3. Express y in terms of x. A
y = 7x

y=

x 7

y=

1 63 x

y=

63 x

16. SPM JUN 2006,PAPER 1,NO: 37 Table 2 shows two sets of values of Y ,V and W Y 3 5 m V 3 5 Table 2 It is given that Y varies directly with the square of V and inversely with W. Find the value of m A
5 3

W 12 18

4 9

10 9

D
22

6 25