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SERVER VIRTUALIZATION IN A CLOUD-READY DATA CENTER

Server Virtualization in a Cloud-ready Data Center

Slide 1

Server Virtualization in a Cloud-ready Data Center

2010 Juniper Networks, Inc. All rights reserved. | www.juniper.net | Proprietary and Confidential

Welcome to the Juniper Networks Server Virtualization in a Cloud Ready Data Center eLearning module.

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Server Virtualization in a Cloud-ready Data Center

Slide 2

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Throughout this module, you will find slides with valuable detailed information. You can stop any slide with the Pause button to study the details. You can also read the notes by using the Notes tab. You can click the Feedback link at anytime to submit suggestions or corrections directly to the Juniper Networks eLearning team.

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Juniper Networks, Inc.

Server Virtualization in a Cloud-ready Data Center

Slide 3

Course Objectives
After successfully completing this course, you will be able to:
Discuss Server virtualization trends and technologies Explain new requirements introduced by server virtualization, related to:
High performance networks The converged data and storage network Network operation simplicity

Describe various infrastructure design considerations, including:


Network reference architect design Over-subscription and uplinks 10 Gigabyte links connecting to servers Operation simplicity with one network operating system

2010 Juniper Networks, Inc. All rights reserved.

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After successfully completing this course, youll be able to: Discuss server virtualization trends and technologies; Explain new requirements introduced by server virtualization, related to: High performance networks; The converged data and storage network; and Network operation simplicity. And finally, Describe various infrastructure design considerations, including: Network reference architect design; Over-subscription and uplinks; 10 Gigabyte links connecting to servers; and Operation simplicity with one network operating system.

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Juniper Networks, Inc.

Server Virtualization in a Cloud-ready Data Center

Slide 4

Server Virtualization Trends in Cloud-Ready Data Center

Simplify infrastructure
Consolidate physical servers to virtual machines Improve server and network utilization Simplify network connectivity One Network OS

Accelerate deployment and scale on demand


Operate devices within days Support 100+ to 1000+ servers Provision through central management tool Integrate with private cloud DC

Improve SLA
HA and Reliability Maintainability

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Server virtualization in the enterprise data center allows the simplification of infrastructure with consolidation, utilization improvement, and network connectivity. It also improves SLAs (Service level Agreements) with nonfunctional requirements such as high availability, reliability, and maintainability. The cloud-ready data center is aimed for high efficiency and scalability. It has the additional requirement of operating devices within days, with support of between 100+ and 1000+ servers. It is required to integrate with other private cloud data centers or public cloud data centers. Furthermore, it should be provisioned through central management tools.

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Juniper Networks, Inc.

Server Virtualization in a Cloud-ready Data Center

Slide 5

Two Server Virtualization Technologies: IBM vs. VMware


~100 VMs ~ 10 VMs

[ source: IBM, VMware ]

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There are two main server virtualization technologies available in todays market: IBM PowerVM, and VMware ESXO vSphere. These tools have four differences. First, they are based on different CPU architectures. PowerVM runs on PowerPC CPUs while ESX runs on Intel and AMD CPUs. They offer different virtualization capability. Each PowerVM system can run up to 100 virtual machines concurrently. The ESX server can run around 10 virtual machines. They use different terminologies. IBM prefers using client partition for the virtual machine, and VMware uses the virtual machine in a straightforward way. Both are aimed at different markets. IBMs PowerVM is well known for its reliability and high performance for the enterprise, while VMwares ESX is very popular in the SMB (Server Message Block) market.

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Server Virtualization in a Cloud-ready Data Center

Slide 6

Server Virtualization Concepts are Similar

Virtual Machines ( virtual CPU, Virtual Memory, Virtual Disk and Virtual Ethernet Adapter ) Virtual Switches Hypervisor

[ source: VMware Virtual Networking Concepts ]

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Differences aside, the server virtualization concepts are similar. On the right side of the slide is the IBM Hypervisor, a suite of hardware and software enabled server virtualization, then the virtual switch which manages the network between the virtual machine and the physical server. The top layer is the virtual machine which includes virtual CPU, virtual memory, virtual disk, and virtual Ethernet adapter. On the left of the slide is the similar architecture of VMwares ESX suite.

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Server Virtualization in a Cloud-ready Data Center

Slide 7

Server Virtualization Deployment Introduces New Requirements in Data Center Networks

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The left side of the slide represents the traditional standalone server with physical NIC deployment. On the right side is a typical PowerVM server virtualization network deployment. Many virtual machines run on one physical machine sharing the same physical needs. The data flows from the application through the virtual adaptor running on the virtual machine. The data can further be dispatched by the Hypervisor to a corresponding virtual adapter on the VIOS (Virtual Input/Output Server). The VIOS server is a special purpose virtual machine that manages the physical resources of networking and storage. The data is sent to the virtual switch that shows the Ethernet adapter on the VIOS. Furthermore, all the data is sent through an uplink to the physical adapter on the VIOS server and then out to the physical switch (represented here by the EX4200). It is then sent to other applications or to the clients. The server virtualization network deployment seems simple, but it introduces new requirements for the data center network design.

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Juniper Networks, Inc.

Server Virtualization in a Cloud-ready Data Center

Slide 8

Server Virtualization Demands Connections between Virtual Switch and Physical Switch
vSwitch pSwitch (EX Series)

Layer 2 forwarding engine Layer 2 VLAN tagging, stripping, Filtering Layer 2 security Layer 2 HA, Redundant, CoS Layer 3 Protocols, HA Network Operating System

Software, racing condition on CPU


Support Limited, ACL N/A N/A N/A

Hardware, Scalability
Support + Port-based VLAN, MAC-based Port security, 802.1X VCP, HSRP, RTG, STP, 802.1p RIPv1/v2, OSPF, BGP, IS-IS, VRRP Junos, Configuration Management

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First it demands connections between the virtual switch and physical switch. The virtual switch is the special purpose Layer 2 switch with limited function and security. This slide presents a brief comparison between the virtual switch and the physical switch. The virtual switch may cause a running or overload condition on the CPU and memory when network usage increases. The network design is required to consider the connections between these two switches in VLAN tagging and link aggregation.

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Server Virtualization in a Cloud-ready Data Center

Slide 9

Server Virtualization Demands High Performance Networks: High Throughput, 10Gbps Links

VMotion Needs high throughput

High throughput network is required for highly utilized Server Virtualization

[ source: VMware ]

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Server virtualization demands high performance networks with high throughput. Server consolidation means many servers run on a physical server. The CPU and network utilization is improved significantly and network throughput requirements increase accordingly. Currently, quad port Ethernet NIC adapters (1Gbps NIC), is the most economical solution for the server virtualization. However, when virtualization capacity increases, and further reduction on space or rack usage is desired, server consolidation will adopt 10 Gbps network connections at the access layer.

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Juniper Networks, Inc.

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Server Virtualization in a Cloud-ready Data Center

Slide 10

Server Virtualization Demands Data- and Storageconverged Networks: COS, ISCSI/NFS


Network Supports Data and Storage (iSCSI/NFS) CoS is needed to secure network performance for prioritized application, LOB, and VM CoS is needed in data and storage converged networks

NFS/iSCSI
[ source: VMware ]

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Converged data and storage networks with class of service are also required. Todays server virtualization supports network storage, which means that enterprise data centers are able to consolidate data in storage and network into one. Class of service is critical and essential for prioritizing many types of traffic on the same network. The traffic includes application production traffic, storage access through NFS (Network File System) and iSCSI (Internet Small Computer System Interface). VMwaress VMotion Traffic and Storage VMotion VMotion is about moving the computing running state from one computing location to another. In other words, it means copying the data in memory. The size of the data is typically between 2GB and 6GB. VMotion Storage enables live migration of the virtual machine disk file across the storage array. Storage VMotion allows customers to reallocate virtual machine disk files between and across shared storage locations, while maintaining continuous service availability and complete transaction integrity. Storage VMotion supports NFS and iSCSI. When Storage VMotion occurs, the whole virtual machine storage will be transferred from one storage location to another. The size of the data is typically between 20GB and 40GB or more. The high performance network with high throughput will process this massive volume efficiently and class of service (or CoS) will prevent any impact due to Storage VMotions traffic burst.

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Juniper Networks, Inc.

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Server Virtualization in a Cloud-ready Data Center

Slide 11

Cloud-ready Data Center Demands Provisioning and Data Simplicity


Simplifying Network operation with One Network Operating system on different network layers, and for different network functions. Provisioning Network Deployment efficiently, and maintain network infrastructure with minimum human effort and high maintainability

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In the cloud-ready data center, the number of virtual machines or virtual end points will be around 10,000 to 100,000. This demands simplifying network operation with one network operating system on different network layers, for different network functions. It also demands provisioning network deployment efficiently, and maintaining network infrastructure with minimum human effort and high maintainability.

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Juniper Networks, Inc.

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Server Virtualization in a Cloud-ready Data Center

Slide 12

Design Consideration (1): Cloud-ready Data Center Reference Architect


Core Layer

2-Tier Data Center Core networks Converged data and storage network in Access Layer

Access Layer

L2/L3 available in Access Layer Two Dedicated Virtual Chassis Access Switches: for Product network and Management network 10Gbps Connects to VMware ESX / vSphere, IBM POWERVM

Server Layer DMZ Web Storage APP DB

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Juniper has a Cloud-ready Data Center Reference Architect tool that can be used as a guideline to save effort and speed up deployment. The reference architect recommends 2-tier data center core networks: core layer and access layer. The access layer is highly recommended for the following considerations: It supports converged data and storage networks It provides Layer 2 and Layer 3 features It implements two dedicated Virtual Chassis Switches: one for production network, and another for management network. It provides optional 10Gbps connections to servers The reference architect also recommends one network operating system for core layer and access layer to achieve operation simplicity.

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Juniper Networks, Inc.

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Server Virtualization in a Cloud-ready Data Center

Slide 13

Design Consideration (2A): Top-of-Rack Virtual Chassis

2 TOR VCs (Active/Standby) 4 X 1Gbps LAG Server Connection 10Gbps LAG uplinks to Core layer

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Juniper considers top-of-rack (TOR) Virtual Chassis at the access layer. The screen shows the basic model to connect the IBM PowerVM in Junipers top-of-rack Virtual Chassis. Two sets of the EX4200 Virtual Chassis are configured and deployed at the top of the server racks, to form two paths to the servers in the active and the standby mode. Each server connects to the switch with four 1Gbps ports to form 4Gbps connections with link aggregation. The virtual switches will have a 10Gbps link aggregation uplink to the core layer.

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Juniper Networks, Inc.

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Server Virtualization in a Cloud-ready Data Center

Slide 14

Design Consideration (2B): 4~81Gbps Connections, and Optional 10Gbps Connections


HMC HMC IBM Power 570 systems IBM
10/100/1000 Base- TX PCI - X Adapter 10/100/1000 Base- PCI10 Gigabit Integrated Virtual Ethernet Adapter 10 10 Gigabit Ethernet Adapter 10 Virtual I/O Server Virtual Client Partition Operation System Client

Juniper Networks EX4200-48T, 48P Juniper EX4200JUNOS JUNOS


Virtual Chassis Virtual Uplink Module Uplink

Network Protocol Network


LAG & LACP LAG VLAN VLAN

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In the implementation guide, Juniper further describes the other three approaches on top of this basic model to achieve high availability, flexibility, and scalability with the IBM Power 570 system configuration.

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Server Virtualization in a Cloud-ready Data Center

Slide 15

Design Consideration (3A): VLAN Tagging Mode 1 in PowerVM

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IBMs PowerVM supports three virtual LAN tagging modes. By default, the client partition is VLAN-unaware. In this condition, the virtual switch port in the Hypervisor maintains tracking information for the Ethernet frames coming from and going to the client partition. They are interfaces behaving in access mode related to Junipers EX Series switches. In VLAN tagging mode two, the client partition is configured as VLAN-aware and the traffic is tagged before being delivered to the Hypervisor. The virtual switch port in Hypervisor filters the tagged traffic to or from client partitions acting as interface configured with trunk mode in the EX Series switch. In VLAN tagging mode three, the frames sent from these interfaces are decapsulated. The tagging is performed at the corresponding EX Series switch interfaces configured for access mode. A decision about which mode to deploy is related to how the network administrator and server administrator in a given case wants to manage VLANs within the network. How do the virtual machines in a PowerVM infrastructure appear to those VLANs? Typically VLAN tagging mode one is commonly used. This means that the VIOS trunks the client partitions VLAN traffic to the EX Series switch by setting the AO to the 1Q adapter in the VIOS, and configuring the corresponding EX Series switch interfaces for trunk mode operation.

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Server Virtualization in a Cloud-ready Data Center

Slide 16

Design Consideration (3B): VLAN Tagging VST Mode in VMware

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Similar to PowerVM VLAN tagging modes, VMware supports three VLAN tagging modes, depending on where the tagging occurs. Virtual switch tagging which means the tagging occurs at the virtual switch, which is internal to the Hypervisor; EX42 switch tagging the tagging occurs at the EX42 switch; and virtual guest tagging the tagging occurs at the virtual guest, or virtual machine. VST Virtual Switch Tagging mode is commonly used for the virtual machine production traffic, the V switch trunks, or the virtual machine production VLANs traffic to the EX Series switch. The corresponding EX Series switch interfaces are configured for trunk mode operation.

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Server Virtualization in a Cloud-ready Data Center

Slide 17

Design Consideration (4A): TOR Virtual Chassis Scalability

Deployment Assumption An 8-way CPU Power 570 (4U) hosts up to 80 client partitions. Each Power 570 Server connects to the switch with 1 LAG interface which is formed with four, 1 Gbps Ethernet interfaces. Each client partition uses an Ethernet adapter.

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Juniper also considers top-of-rack of Virtual Chassis scalability how it supports massive virtual machines deployment. At the access layer, the design should consider the maximum number of the MAC addresses to accommodate the implementation in full capacity. The MAC address learning rate should anticipate network converge time. For convenience, MAC addresses in the virtual machine are considered in this discussion. As the baseline deployment, assume an 8 CPU-powered system with 70 server hosts and up to 80 virtual machines concurrently. Each server connects to the EX4200 with 4Gbps link aggregation interfaces. Each client partition uses a virtual Ethernet adapter, which means each virtual machine has one MAC address. A single EX4200 is deployed to connect eight Power 570 servers, of which, in total, six 640 virtual machines run concurrently. Therefore, the total number of MAC addresses in this deployment is 640, which is lower than the maximum MAC table entries supported in the EX4200 switches. EX4200 supports a maximum of 24,000 MAC addresses. Assuming that all 640 client partitions boot at the same time, the EX4200 switches learn 640 MAC addresses within a second, because its MAC running rate is 700 MAC addresses per second. In another scenario, when the primary switch fails, or when a graceful shutdown occurs, the backup switch takes over and learns all the MAC addresses in this scenario within seconds.

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Server Virtualization in a Cloud-ready Data Center

Slide 18

Design Consideration (4B): TOR Virtual Chassis Scalability

MAC address per switch is 640 for different scenario MAC address per TOR VC is lower than MAC table entries supported by EX4200

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As listed in this table, by adding more EX4200 switches to the top-of-rack Virtual Chassis, one can easily scale up to connect more Power 570 systems. In the bottom row, with 7 EX4200 switches, the top-of-rack Virtual Chassis provides a maximum of 336 1Gbps interfaces, with an option of 14 uplink module ports to a group of the 56 Power 570 servers to support around 4500 concurrent running virtual machines. The top-of-rack Virtual Chassis supports 4500 MAC addresses in this scenario, which is lower than the maximum MAC table entries supported in EX4200. Notice that there are 640 MAC addresses per switch, which is a constant in different scenarios. The Virtual Chassis handles relearning the MAC addresses in the following two cases: 1. When one of the member switches fails, relearning MAC addresses is not required in the EX Series Virtual Chassis implementation because the CAM (Content Addressable Memory) tables are already populated among the member switches, including the failover switches. As a result, customers will not experience delay or loss due to relearning of the MAC addresses. Rather, they would experience delay caused by losing the uplink in the failed switch. 2. In rare failure cases, for example, if the top-of-rack Virtual Chassis fails, or a graceful shutdown occurs, the whole Virtual Chassis the other top of rack Virtual Chassis must relearn all the MAC addresses. It takes the Virtual Chassis approximately one second to relearn the MAC addresses, because each member switch relearns 640 MAC addresses within one second, and relearning occurs simultaneously across all the member switches.

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Server Virtualization in a Cloud-ready Data Center

Slide 19

Design Consideration (5A): Oversubscription Ratio and Uplinks

Oversubscription at the access layer = total active uplink bandwidth at server layer / total active uplink bandwidth at access layer. the oversubscription ratio 4.8:1 in Scenario 1 suggests 20Gbps uplink at access layer, shown in UPLINK BANDWIDTH@ACCESS LAYER column.

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To describe the flexibility of the configuration in a TOR of Virtual Chassis implementation at the access layer, two deployment scenarios are considered. Scenario one is a moderate scale deployment of 24 power servers in three racks. Scenario two is a large scale deployment of 56 Power 570 servers in seven racks. Each Power 570 with eight CPUs can run up to 80 concurrent virtual machines, and each rack can host eight 570 servers. Both scenarios, using link aggregation for the server connections, have a 4Gbps link aggregation interface in a single TOR Virtual Chassis. The oversubscription ratio is used to determine the gap between baseline and desired configuration on the uplink at the access layer to provide the configuration guideline. Here, the oversubscription is defined at the access layer, equal to total active uplink bandwidth at the server layer, divided by the total active uplink bandwidth at access layer. For example, the oversubscription ratio 4.8 to 1 in the first scenario, suggests a 20Gbps uplink at the access layer, because the uplink bandwidth at the server layer is 96Gbps. The 20Gbps uplink bandwidth at the access layer gives the guideline on the bandwidth. Considering the high availability at the access layer, two of these will be needed. They are running in active and passive mode. This represents two times 10Gbps uplink in the access layer column.

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Server Virtualization in a Cloud-ready Data Center

Slide 20

Design Consideration (5B): Oversubscription Ratio and Uplinks

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This slide further demonstrates the flexibility of the TOR Virtual Chassis configuration at the access layer, with six typical deployment scenarios, which are required to deploy different numbers of the Power 570 systems, different oversubscription ratios at the access layer, and different nonfunctional requirement configuration options. When considering the oversubscription ratio 4 to 1 in a scenario number three, the oversubscription ratio suggests six 10Gbps link aggregation uplink at the access layer. The server connections throughput may vary among scenarios 4, 5, and 6 due to the different requirements. If this oversubscription ratio is determined, the uplink throughput will be determined. The bandwidth between servers in the same rack is 4Gbps consistently because the EX4200 provides a line rate throughput between the different link aggregations within the same switch. The bandwidth between two servers in different racks will be calculated by the average bandwidth between servers, which connects to a different Virtual Chassis member switch.

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Server Virtualization in a Cloud-ready Data Center

Slide 21

Design Consideration (6): Provisioning and Operation Simplicity


S OAP S OAP

Services Menu

SM SM

DC DC

IM IM

B A C

MTOSI E XT-JS -JS MTOSI E XT --JS

EMS Apps EMS Apps

CMP

Auto Provisioning System MX S eries


Juniper Management Platform

A B

SRX Series

EX Series

SRX Series

A
EX4200

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Junos, the one operating system for routing, switching and security, runs on both the access and core layers in the data center networks, and is the ideal operating system for the cloud-ready data center, providing operation simplicity. It allows the leveraging of Junos ISSU (in-service software upgrade) and Junos Space Service Now to improve infrastructure maintainability. Junos XML API (application programming interface) and Junos Space can be considered to improve the network provisioning.

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Server Virtualization in a Cloud-ready Data Center

Slide 22

Summary: Advantages of Junipers Design for Cloudready Data Centers


Scalable Simple Virtualized Efficient Reliable Secure Automated Open
1,000,000s of virtual endpoints, 10s of data centres, unmatched policy scale High performance platforms, common software + management, dynamic service creation Network elements, network services, end-to-end infrastructure

Low rack space + power

Comprehensive carrier-grade HA Unmatched capacity, distributed enforcement, centralized management Dynamic service creation, dynamic policy enforcement, extensible auto-configuration interfaces Extensive APIs at management + infrastructure levels, modular/scalable OS

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As discussed in this presentation, and in more detail in both IBM PowerVM and VMware implementation guides, some advantages of Junipers design for cloud-ready data centers were demonstrated: The EX Series TOR Virtual Chassis supports large scale virtual endpoints; Server virtualization requires high throughput, Class of Service and an optional 10Gbps uplink at the access layer; and Data center networks benefit from network efficiency and Junos operation simplicity.

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Juniper Networks, Inc.

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Server Virtualization in a Cloud-ready Data Center

Slide 23

Course Summary
In this course, you learned to:
Discuss Server virtualization trends and technologies Explain new requirements introduced by server virtualization, related to:
High performance networks The converged data and storage network Network operation simplicity

Describe various infrastructure design considerations, including:


Network reference architect design Over-subscription and uplinks 10 Gigabyte links connecting to servers Operation simplicity with one network operating system

2010 Juniper Networks, Inc. All rights reserved.

CONFIDENTIAL

SOT-SERVER-VIRT-DC-A

www.juniper.net | 23

In this course, you learned to: Discuss server virtualization trends and technologies; Explain new requirements introduced by server virtualization, related to: High performance networks; The converged data and storage network; and Network operation simplicity. And finally, Describe various infrastructure design considerations, including: Network reference architect design; Over-subscription and uplinks; 10 Gigabyte links connecting to servers; and Operation simplicity with one network operating system.

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Juniper Networks, Inc.

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Server Virtualization in a Cloud-ready Data Center

Slide 24

Additional Resources
Education Services training classes
http://www.juniper.net/training/technical_education/

Juniper Networks Certification Program Web site


www.juniper.net/certification

Juniper Networks documentation and white papers


www.juniper.net/techpubs

To submit errata or for general questions


elearning@juniper.net

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For additional resources or to contact the Juniper Networks eLearning team, click the links on the screen.

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Server Virtualization in a Cloud-ready Data Center

Slide 25

Evaluation and Survey


You have reached the end of this Juniper Networks eLearning module You should now return to your Juniper Learning Center to take the Practice Test and the Student Survey
The test will allow you to gauge your knowledge of the material covered in this course The survey will allow you to give feedback on the quality and usefulness of the course

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You have now reached the end of this Juniper eLearning module. You should now return to your Juniper Learning Center to take the Practice Test and the Student Survey. The test will allow you to gauge your knowledge of the material covered in this course. The survey will allow you to give feedback on the quality and usefulness of the course.

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Server Virtualization in a Cloud-ready Data Center

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2010 Juniper Networks, Inc.

Juniper Networks, Junos, Steel-Belted Radius, NetScreen, and ScreenOS are registered trademarks of Juniper Networks, Inc. in the United States and other countries. The Juniper Networks Logo, the Junos logo, and JunosE are trademarks of Juniper Networks, Inc. All other trademarks, service marks, registered trademarks, or registered service marks are the property of their respective owners. Juniper Networks reserves the right to change, modify, transfer, or otherwise revise this publication without notice.

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Juniper Networks, Inc. All rights reserved. Juniper Networks, the Juniper Networks logo, Junos, NetScreen and ScreenOS are registered trademarks of Juniper Networks, Inc. in the United States and other countries. JunosE is a trademark of Juniper Networks, Inc. All other trademarks, service marks, registered trademarks or registered service marks are the property of their respective owners. Juniper Networks reserves the right to change, modify, transfer or otherwise revise this publication without notice.

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Server Virtualization in a Cloud-ready Data Center

Slide 27

CONFIDENTIAL

Thank you for participating in this Juniper eLearning presentation. Please feel free to contact Juniper with any questions.

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