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MODUL KOLEJ KOMUNITI KEMENTERIAN PENGAJIAN TINGGI MALAYSIA

FUN WITH GRAMMAR ~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~

BASIC ENGLISH SKILLS BETTER SPOKEN ENGLISH


KAMAL BAKSHIR B KASSIM ( KKTI ) SHAMSUL BANU BT MOHD SIDDIK (KKGP) AZLINA HANI BT OTHMAN ( KKPS) NOR HASIAH BT MOHD SAID (KKCP) NOOR AZWA BT MOHAMED OZIR (KKSS)

MODULE DURATION TARGET GROUP OBJECTIVES 1)

: BASIC ENGLISH SKILLS : 10 HOURS : BEGINNERS : BY THE END OF THE COURSE, THE PARTICIPANTS SHOULD BE ABLE TO LISTEN TO AND UNDERSTAND SIMPLE ENGLISH 2) USE BASIC READING SKILLS TO COMPREHEND AND EXTRACT INFORMATION FROM THE TEXT GIVEN. 3) WRITE GRAMMATICALLY CORRECT SENTENCES AND PARAGRAPH

TEACHING AIDS CONTENT

: HANDOUTS, DICTIONARY. : 1) BASIC GRAMMAR TENSES 2) FOLLOW UP ON BASIC GRAMMAR 3) PRONUNCIATION DICTIONARY SKILLS ON PHONETIC SYMBOLS 4) LEARNING VOCABULARY THROUGH READING. 5) WRITING ACTIVITIES.

TECHNIQUES COURSE CONTENT

: TEACHER - CENTERED AND STUDENT CENTERED : 1) BASIC GRAMMAR 4 HOURS 2) PRESENT TENSE PAST TENSE FUTURE TENSE PERFECT TENSE INTRODUCTION TO PHONETIC SYMBOLS INTONATION STRESS MARKER

PRONUNCIATION 2 HOURS (REFER INDEX 1)

3)

READING AND VOCABULARY -2 HOURS (REFER INDEX 2) BASIC ENGLISH WORDS 850 WORDS SCANNING SKIMMING INTRODUCTION TO WRITING SKILLS -MAIN IDEAS -SUPPORTING DETAILS NOTE EXPANSION GUIDED WRITING

4)

WRITING -2 HOURS (REFER INDEX 3) -

SUGGESTED NOTES AND ACTIVITIES INDEX 1 Pronunciation

Input Sometimes you may understand a word you have heard but do not know its written form. On the other hand, you may know how to spell the word but you are not sure how to say it. The dictionary will help you how to pronounce a word correctly in speech and spell it correctly in writing. The Pronunciation Table in your dictionary shows the different symbols used for all the sounds in English. These are what we called the Phonetic Symbols. Try to write this sentence using the phonetic symbols : HE LIKES THICK CREAM. -----------------------------------------------------------Answers: He / hi: / likes/laIks/ thick / Ik / cream /kri:m/ Look at the dictionary extract overleaf. Try to make some interesting sentences using the phonetic symbols and exchange them with your partner. Happy Deciphering!

( r ) In spoken British English an r at the end of a written word ( either as the last letter or in an re ending as in fire is not said unless the next word begins with a vowel sound. To show this, the phonetic spelling has ( r ) at the end.

FIGURE 1: 1 PHONETIC SYMBOLS

Try these tasks

Use the pronunciation table to help you match these sounds and symbols. The first one has been done for you. Vowel symbols :

ship /I/

Poor

chat

there

sheep

cut

harm

Consonant symbols :

cat /k/

Yet

watching

hang

join

fun

lose

Input Each section of sound which contains a vowel sound is a syllable. Every word consists of one or more syllables. In a dictionary, dots are used to divide headwords into syllables, for example : Un Un-ease Un-easi-ness When a word has two or more syllables, stress markers are used. The syllable which has the strong ( primary ) stress is shown with a high mark, for example : decider /dI'saIdr/ Weaker stress is found in longer words. This weaker ( secondary ) stress is shown with a low mark, for example : apprehend / prI'hend/

Activity 1 These words may look different, but their pronunciations may be the same. Listen to the pronunciations of these words and write (s ) if the sound is same or ( d ) if the sound is different . 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. principle principal flour flower dairy diary though through stationary stationery __________ __________ __________ __________ __________

Activity 2 Look at the words below. State the syllables in these words and complete the table. Refer to your dictionary if you are not sure. language technical polytechnic education message One syllable Stand Two syllables Three syllables Four syllables Five syllables Multiplication cook commercial examination

Activity 3 Divide into groups of four. Come up with at least 10 words in your particular field of study ( common words that you have problem with ). Take note upon their phonetic symbols and stress markers. Compare your findings with other group members.Give examples on how to use the word in context. No Words Phonetic symbols with stress marker Example of the usage in context

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Self-evaluation

Activity 1 Read the short announcement below. Based on the dictionary extracts overleaf, write the phonetic symbols for these words and name the parts of speech they belong to. Try pronouncing the words underlined correctly. Good evening everyone. Here is Mr Gurmit reporting from Bandar Chu Kang. It has been found that most of Bandar Chu Kang residents love the quiet environment here. The breathtaking view of the crimson sunset each evening attracts lots of visitors to this area. However, further improvements should be done regarding the cleanliness of this area. Many residents complain that a restaurant which is famous for its cuisine is solely responsible for this problem.

Words

Phonetic symbols with stress markers

Parts of Speech

Note : Do you have problems pronouncing other words? Try looking up in your dictionary. Activity 2 Some words have different stress markers although they have the same spelling, i.e they are pronounced differently. State the pairs below that have different main stress markers. Can you list other pairs that have the same spellings but with different main stress markers? 1) He is getting a divorce soon. He divorced his wife of thirteen years. 2) I receive a present. He presents the speech. 3) Malaysia exports cars to Britain. All the exports will be accounted for.

Feedback Dictionary Registers Activity 1 a) Account Fashion Manage Manager Tour Tourist Travel b) i) Firstly First class First-day cover Firsthand First lady ii) Grandly Grand finale Grand jury Grand tour Grandstand

Activity 3 1) Followed 2) Astrology 6) Especially 7) Music 3) Botany 4) Engineering 5) Religion 8) Opposite 9) Plural 10) Usually

Feedback Self-evaluation Dictionary Registers Activity 1a According to your dictionary minimum 21 headwords. E.g first, firstly, first-degree etc. Activity 1b Approv Infin Def Pp Rhet Pres t Possess Phr v N Neg Activity 2 Kamala, Im in a hurry. Somebody will be coming to visit today. Please clean the house especially the living room. Keep all your personal. belongings in your room. If I am not mistaken the visitor will be a Scottish. Do prepare something to serve our visitor. Remember, a Scottish usually likes to eat haggis. Thanks. Your sis, Suzy approving infinitive definite past participle rhetorical present tense possessive phrasal verb(s) noun negative

Feedback Pronunciation Activity 1 1. principle principal 2. flour flower 3. dairy diary 4. though through 5. stationary stationery Activity 2 One syllable Two syllables Three syllables Four syllables Five syllables Stand Message Commercial Polytechnic Examination Cook Language Technical Education Multiplication

____s______ ____s_____ ____d_____ ____d_____ ____s______

Feedback Self-evaluation Activity 1 Words Good quiet crimson cleanliness cuisine Phonetic symbols with stress markers / / /' / / / Parts of Speech adjective adjective adjective noun Noun

g d

kwaIt/

'krImzn/ 'klenlinIs/ kwI'zi:n/

Activity 2 1) He is getting a divorce soon. He divorced his wife of thirteen years. 2) I receive a present. He presents the speech. 3) Malaysia exports cars to Britain. All the exports will be accounted for. SAME DIFFERENT DIFFERENT

INDEX 2 Basic English Key Words List 5 - Adjectives 1 - 150 of 150


Here is a list of 850 words that was devised by two Oxford Professors in 1925. This list is an excellent starting point for building up a vocabulary which allows you to converse fluently in English. Many thanks goes to Antnio Natividade who so kindly offered to provide this list to users of this site! Adjectives 1 - 150 of 150 101. public 102. quick 103. quiet 104. ready 105. red 106. regular 107. responsible 108. right 109. rough 110. round 111. sad 112. safe 113. same 114. second 115. secret 116. separate 117. serious 118. sharp 119. short 120. shut 121. simple 122. slow 123. small 124. smooth 125. soft 126. solid 127. special 128. sticky 129. stiff 130. straight 131. strange 132. strong 133. sudden 134. sweet 135. tall 136. thick 137. thin 138. tight 139. tired 140. true

1. able 2. acid 3. angry 4. automatic 5. awake 6. bad 7. beautiful 8. bent 9. bitter 10. black 11. blue 12. boiling 13. bright 14. broken 15. brown 16. certain 17. cheap 18. chemical 19. chief 20. clean 21. clear 22. cold 23. common 24. complete 25. complex 26. conscious 27. cruel 28. cut 29. dark 30. dead 31. dear 32. deep 33. delicate 34. dependent 35. different 36. dirty 37. dry 38. early 39. elastic 40. electric

51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 76. 77. 78. 79. 80. 81. 82. 83. 84. 85. 86. 87. 88. 89. 90.

free frequent full future general good grey great green hanging happy hard healthy high hollow ill important kind last late left like living long loose loud low male married material medical military mixed narrow natural necessary new normal old open

41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50.

equal false fat feeble female fertile first fixed flat foolish

91. opposite 92. parallel 93. past 94. physical 95. political 96. poor 97. possible 98. present 99. private 100. probable

141. 142. 143. 144. 145. 146. 147. 148. 149. 150.

violent waiting warm wet white wide wise wrong yellow young

850 Words for Basic Conversational Fluency Basics (verbs, articles, pronouns, prepositions, etc.) General Nouns 1 - 200 General Nouns 201 - 400 Specific Nouns 1 - 200 Adjectives 1 - 150

Basic English Key Words List 1 - Basic Verbs, Prepositions, Articles, Pronouns, etc.
Here is a list of 850 words that was devised by two Oxford Professors in 1925. This list is an excellent starting point for building up a vocabulary which allows you to converse fluently in English. Many thanks goes to Antnio Natividade who so kindly offered to provide this list to users of this site! Basic Verbs, Prepositions, Articles, Pronouns, etc. 1. come 2. get 3. give 4. go 5. keep 6. let 7. make 8. put 9. seem 10. take 11. be 12. do 13. have 14. say 15. see 16. send 17. may 18. will 19. about 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. some such that this i he you who and because but or if though while how when where why

20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50.

across after against among at before between by down from in off on over through to under up with as for of till than a the all any every no other

70. again 71. ever 72. far 73. forward 74. here 75. near 76. now 77. out 78. still 79. then 80. there 81. together 82. well 83. almost 84. enough 85. even 86. little 87. much 88. not 89. only 90. quite 91. so 92. very 93. tomorrow 94. yesterday 95. north 96. south 97. east 98. west 99. please 100. yes

850 Words for Basic Conversational Fluency Basics (verbs, articles, pronouns, prepositions, etc.) General Nouns 1 - 200 General Nouns 201 - 400 Specific Nouns 1 - 200 Adjectives 1 - 150

Basic English Key Words List 2 - General Nouns 1 -200 of 400


Here is a list of 850 words that was devised by two Oxford Professors in 1925. This list is an excellent starting point for building up a vocabulary which allows you to converse fluently in English. Many thanks goes to Antnio Natividade who so kindly offered to provide this list to users of this site! Nouns 1-200

1. account 2. act 3. addition 4. adjustment 5. advertisement 6. agreement 7. air 8. amount 9. amusement 10. animal 11. answer 12. apparatus 13. approval 14. argument 15. art 16. attack 17. attempt 18. attention 19. attraction 20. authority 21. back 22. balance 23. base 24. behavior 25. belief 26. birth 27. bit 28. bite 29. blood 30. blow 31. body 32. brass 33. bread 34. breath 35. brother 36. building 37. burn 38. burst 39. business 40. butter 41. canvas 42. care 43. cause 44. chalk 45. chance 46. change 47. cloth 48. coal 49. color 50. comfort

51. committee 52. company 53. comparison 54. competition 55. condition 56. connection 57. control 58. cook 59. copper 60. copy 61. cork 62. copy 63. cough 64. country 65. cover 66. crack 67. credit 68. crime 69. crush 70. cry 71. current 72. curve 73. damage 74. danger 75. daughter 76. day 77. death 78. debt 79. decision 80. degree 81. design 82. desire 83. destruction 84. detail 85. development 86. digestion 87. direction 88. discovery 89. discussion 90. disease 91. disgust 92. distance 93. distribution 94. division 95. doubt 96. drink 97. driving 98. dust 99. earth 100. edge

101. 102. 103. 104. 105. 106. 107. 108. 109. 110. 111. 112. 113. 114. 115. 116. 117. 118. 119. 120. 121. 122. 123. 124. 125. 126. 127. 128. 129. 130. 131. 132. 133. 134. 135. 136. 137. 138. 139. 140. 141. 142. 143. 144. 145. 146. 147. 148. 149. 150.

education effect end error event example exchange existence expansion experience expert fact fall family father fear feeling fiction field fight fire flame flight flower fold food force form friend front fruit glass gold government grain grass grip group growth guide harbor harmony hate hearing heat help history hole hope hour

151. 152. 153. 154. 155. 156. 157. 158. 159. 160. 161. 162. 163. 164. 165. 166. 167. 168. 169. 170. 171. 172. 173. 174. 175. 176. 177. 178. 179. 180. 181. 182. 183. 184. 185. 186. 187. 188. 189. 190. 191. 192. 193. 194. 195. 196. 197. 198. 199. 200.

humor ice idea impulse increase industry ink insect instrument insurance interest invention iron jelly join journey judge jump kick kiss knowledge land language laugh low lead learning leather letter level lift light limit linen liquid list look loss love machine man manager mark market mass meal measure meat meeting memory

850 Words for Basic Conversational Fluency Basics (verbs, articles, pronouns, prepositions, etc.) General Nouns 1 - 200 General Nouns 201 - 400 Specific Nouns 1 - 200 Adjectives 1 - 150

Basic English Key Words List 3 - General Nouns 201 - 400 of 400
Here is a list of 850 words that was devised by two Oxford Professors in 1925. This list is an excellent starting point for building up a vocabulary which allows you to converse fluently in English. Many thanks goes to Antnio Natividade who so kindly offered to provide this list to users of this site! Nouns 201 - 400 201. 202. 203. 204. 205. 206. 207. 208. 209. 210. 211. 212. 213. 214. 215. 216. 217. 218. 219. 220. 221. 222. 223. 224. 225. 226. 227. 228. 229. 230. 231. 232. metal middle milk mind mine minute mist money month morning mother motion mountain move music name nation need news night noise note number observation offer oil operation opinion order organization ornament owner 301. 302. 303. 304. 305. 306. 307. 308. 309. 310. 311. 312. 313. 314. 315. 316. 317. 318. 319. 320. 321. 322. 323. 324. 325. 326. 327. 328. 329. 330. 331. 332. sense servant sex shade shake shame shock side sign silk silver sister size sky sleep slip slope smash smell smile smoke sneeze snow soap society son song sort sound soup space stage 351. 352. 353. 354. 355. 356. 357. 358. 359. 360. 361. 362. 363. 364. 365. 366. 367. 368. 369. 370. 371. 372. 373. 374. 375. 376. 377. 378. 379. 380. 381. 382. system talk taste tax teaching tendency test theory thing thought thunder time tin top touch trade transport trick trouble turn twist unit use value verse vessel view voice walk war wash waste

251. 252. 253. 254. 255. 256. 257. 258. 259. 260. 261. 262. 263. 264. 265. 266. 267. 268. 269. 270. 271. 272. 273. 274. 275. 276. 277. 278. 279. 280. 281.

powder power price print process produce profit property prose protest pull punishment purpose push quality question rain range rate ray reaction reading reason record regret relation religion representative request respect rest

233. 234. 235. 236. 237. 238. 239. 240. 241. 242. 243. 244. 245. 246. 247. 248. 249. 250.

page pain paint paper part paste payment peace person place plant play pleasure point poison polish porter position

282. 283. 284. 285. 286. 287. 288. 289. 290. 291. 292. 293. 294. 295. 296. 297. 298. 299. 300.

reward rhythm rice river road roll room rub rule run salt sand scale science sea seat secretary selection self

333. 334. 335. 336. 337. 338. 339. 340. 341. 342. 343. 344. 345. 346. 347. 348. 349. 350.

start statement steam steel step stitch stone stop story stretch structure substance sugar suggestion summer support surprise swim

383. 384. 385. 386. 387. 388. 389. 390. 391. 392. 393. 394. 395. 396. 397. 398. 399. 400.

water wave wax way weather week weight wind wine winter woman wood wool word work wound writing year

850 Words for Basic Conversational Fluency Basics (verbs, articles, pronouns, prepositions, etc.) General Nouns 1 - 200 General Nouns 201 - 400 Specific Nouns 1 - 200 Adjectives 1 - 150

Basic English Key Words List 4 - Specific Nouns 1 -200 of 200


Here is a list of 850 words that was devised by two Oxford Professors in 1925. This list is an excellent starting point for building up a vocabulary which allows you to converse fluently in English. Many thanks goes to Antnio Natividade who so kindly offered to provide this list to users of this site! Nouns 1 - 200 1. angle 2. ant 3. apple 4. arch 5. arm 6. army 7. baby 8. bag 9. ball 10. band 11. basin 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. coat collar comb card cow cup curtain cushion dog door drain 101. 102. 103. 104. 105. 106. 107. 108. 109. 110. 111. knee knife knot leaf leg library line lip lock map match 151. 152. 153. 154. 155. 156. 157. 158. 159. 160. 161. screw seed sheep shelf ship shirt shoe skin skirt snake sock

12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50.

basket bath bed bee bell berry bird blade board boat bone book boot bottle box boy brain brake branch brick bridge brush bucket bulb button cake camera card carriage cart cat chain cheese chess chin church circle clock cloud

62. drawer 63. dress 64. drop 65. ear 66. egg 67. engine 68. eye 69. face 70. farm 71. feather 72. finger 73. fish 74. flag 75. floor 76. fly 77. foot 78. fork 79. fowl 80. frame 81. garden 82. girl 83. glove 84. goat 85. gun 86. hair 87. hammer 88. hand 89. hat 90. head 91. heart 92. hook 93. horn 94. horse 95. hospital 96. house 97. island 98. jewel 99. kettle 100. key

112. 113. 114. 115. 116. 117. 118. 119. 120. 121. 122. 123. 124. 125. 126. 127. 128. 129. 130. 131. 132. 133. 134. 135. 136. 137. 138. 139. 140. 141. 142. 143. 144. 145. 146. 147. 148. 149. 150.

monkey moon mouth muscle nail neck needle nerve net nose nut office orange oven parcel pen pencil picture pig pin pipe plane plate plough pocket pot potato prison pump rail rat receipt ring rod roof root sail school scissors

162. 163. 164. 165. 166. 167. 168. 169. 170. 171. 172. 173. 174. 175. 176. 177. 178. 179. 180. 181. 182. 183. 184. 185. 186. 187. 188. 189. 190. 191. 192. 193. 194. 195. 196. 197. 198. 199. 200.

spade sponge spoon spring square stamp star station stem stick stocking stomach store street sun table tail thread throat thumb ticket toe tongue tooth town train tray tree trousers umbrella wall watch wheel whip whistle window wing wire worm

850 Words for Basic Conversational Fluency Basics (verbs, articles, pronouns, prepositions, etc.) General Nouns 1 - 200 General Nouns 201 - 400 Specific Nouns 1 - 200 Adjectives 1 - 150

Basic English Key Words List 5 - Adjectives 1 - 150 of 150

Here is a list of 850 words that was devised by two Oxford Professors in 1925. This list is an excellent starting point for building up a vocabulary which allows you to converse fluently in English. Many thanks goes to Antnio Natividade who so kindly offered to provide this list to users of this site! Adjectives 1 - 150 of 150 101. public 102. quick 103. quiet 104. ready 105. red 106. regular 107. responsible 108. right 109. rough 110. round 111. sad 112. safe 113. same 114. second 115. secret 116. separate 117. serious 118. sharp 119. short 120. shut 121. simple 122. slow 123. small 124. smooth 125. soft 126. solid 127. special 128. sticky 129. stiff 130. straight 131. strange 132. strong 133. sudden 134. sweet 135. tall 136. thick 137. thin 138. tight 139. tired 140. true 141. violent 142. waiting 143. warm 144. wet

1. able 2. acid 3. angry 4. automatic 5. awake 6. bad 7. beautiful 8. bent 9. bitter 10. black 11. blue 12. boiling 13. bright 14. broken 15. brown 16. certain 17. cheap 18. chemical 19. chief 20. clean 21. clear 22. cold 23. common 24. complete 25. complex 26. conscious 27. cruel 28. cut 29. dark 30. dead 31. dear 32. deep 33. delicate 34. dependent 35. different 36. dirty 37. dry 38. early 39. elastic 40. electric 41. equal 42. false 43. fat 44. feeble

51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 76. 77. 78. 79. 80. 81. 82. 83. 84. 85. 86. 87. 88. 89. 90. 91. 92. 93. 94.

free frequent full future general good grey great green hanging happy hard healthy high hollow ill important kind last late left like living long loose loud low male married material medical military mixed narrow natural necessary new normal old open opposite parallel past physical

45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50.

female fertile first fixed flat foolish

95. political 96. poor 97. possible 98. present 99. private 100. probable

145. 146. 147. 148. 149. 150.

white wide wise wrong yellow young

850 Words for Basic Conversational Fluency Basics (verbs, articles, pronouns, prepositions, etc.) General Nouns 1 - 200 General Nouns 201 - 400 Specific Nouns 1 - 200 Adjectives 1 - 150

INDEX 3

INTRODUCTION TO A BODY OF A GOOD ESSAY

Main ideas and supporting details Look at the following tables MAIN IDEA SUPPORTING DETAILS (WHY IS IT IMPORTANT?) It is a Federal Capital It is also a business centre Kuala Lumpur is a very important city

MAIN IDEA

I do not like rainy days

SUPPORTING DETAILS (WHY I DONT LIKE THEM?) I cannot play I cannot dry my clothes I cannot go to town

WHEN YOU READ A PASSAGE, YOU WILL UNDERSTAND IT BETTER IF YOU KNOW WHAT THE MAIN IDEA TELLS YOU THE MOST IMPORTANT POINT AND THE SUPPORTING DETAILS TELL YOU MORE ABOUT THE MAIN IDEA. A. COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING

1.

Main Idea: I went for a picnic. Write Supporting Details: When did you go? A: Where did you go? B: How did you go? C:

2.

Main Idea:

I enjoyed myself at the picnic. A: B: C:

How did you enjoy yourself?

B.

NOW READ THE FOLLOWING PARAGRAPHS. WHAT ARE THE MAIN IDEAS AND WHAT ARE THE SUPPORTING DETAILS? WRITE THEM OUT IN COMPLETE SENTENCES. Singapore is a very large city. It has a population of three million people. There are many shopping centres. There are many cars, buses, and trucks on the roads. WHAT IS THE MAIN IDEA? SUPPORTING DETAIL SUPPORTING DETAIL SUPPORTING DETAIL : : :

1.

2.

a Malay wedding is a very exciting ceremony. The bride and bridegroom wear beautiful songket clothes. The pelamin is very colourful. Musicians play popular songs. All the guests receive bunga telur. There is a lot of food to eat. WHAT IS THE MAIN IDEA? SUPPORTING DETAIL SUPPORTING DETAIL SUPPORTING DETAIL SUPPORTING DETAIL : : : :

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