NGEE ANN POLYTECHNIC ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING DIVISION ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION DESIGN TUTORIAL for Topic 3 - Protective Devices

1. 2. 3. 4.

Define the term overload and short circuit protection. Briefly describe how these protection can be achieved. Describe the prinicples of operation of a circuit breaker during overload & overcurrent condition. Describe with a Time/Current characteristics curve, the operation of a Type B miniature circuit breaker. Describe briefly the meaning of the following abbreviated descriptins:(i) 30A Type C 10 kA mcb (ii) 400AF/250AT 25kA TP MCCB Determine the current level that definitely will not operate the magnetic tripping device of the following MCBs and also the current level that definitely cause the MCBs to trip instantaneously. a. 20 A c. 50 A type B type B b. 20 A d. 50 A type C type C

5.

6.

By using the appropriate time-current curve state the tripping time of a 63 A type B MCB under the following current conditions. a. 25 A b. 63 A c. 80 A d. 200 A e. 500 A

7.

Explain the concept of discrimination with reference to the design and selection of protective devices for electrical distribution systems. Give an example to illustrate your answer. A distribution board has a 63A RCCB with 30mA sensitivity at the incoming and there are three outgoing branch circuits each protected by a 20A Type B mcb. Determine the operating time of the RCCB and mcbs if they do operate; under each of the following conditons:i) ii) iii) A constant overload of 28A for half an hour in the first circuit A short-cicuit current of 200A from live-to-neutral in the second circuit A high impedance short-circuit current of 65A from live-to-earth in the third circuit

8.

mel tut for protective devicres-july 2003 08/08/03

20A M CB 63A RCCB 30m A trip

O/L = 28A for 1/2 hour

20A M CB

Live to neutral current = 200A

20A M CB A

LIve to Earth current = 65A

Fault

9.

In selecting protective devices, the following requirements must be met. where the device is intended to afford protection against overload, Ib In Iz , I2 1.45 Iz , and where it is intended to afford short circuit protection only, Iz In , I2 >1.45 Iz . Draw a simple circuit diagram and explain clearly what are Ib, In , Iz and I2?

10.

The MCBs for the following circuit are both type B. If a fault of 200 A occurs at point A, determine how long it will take to clear the fault and state whether discrimination can be achieved.

20A M CB 30A M CB

10A M CB A

Fault

mel tut for protective devicres-july 2003 08/08/03

11. 12.

State three features of a BS EN 60898 mcb. Explain why the current rating of a motor feeder is allowed to be less than the rating of the circuit breaker which protect the circuit ? Explain why fuses are normally used to provide only short circuit protection and not overload protection for a motor circuit?

13.

14. 15.

Explain what is meant by the term fusing factor of a fuse. By using time-characteristics curve, state the approximate fusing current of a 80 A BS 88 fuse.

16. A 10 kW three phase motor with efficiency of 95% and power factor of 0.85 is protected by a Type 3 MCB, determine the MCB current rating if a. b. c. a star/delta starter is used. the starting current is four times the full load current and this high current will reduce to full load current in 10 seconds. the starting current is seven times the full load current and this high current will reduce to full load current in 15 seconds.

mel tut for protective devicres-july 2003 08/08/03