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Brief Introduction
In this presentation, we investigate the working of an analog-to-digital converter which works on the successive approximation principle. A microcontroller is used to accept the output of the analog-todigital converter as input to one of its ports, and an LCD display is used to output the value of the converted analog input.
Digital Output
D1 0 0 D0 0 1
2
3 4 5 6
0
0 1 1 1
1
1 0 0 1
0
1 0 1 0
5
6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
Read/write
Enable DB0 DB1 DB2 DB3 DB4 DB5 DB6 DB7 Led+ Led-
L.C.D. COMMANDS
Instruction
Function Set (8-bit Interface 2-lines 5*7 Pixels) Function Set (8-bit Interface 1-lines 5*7 Pixels) Function Set (4-bit Interface 2-lines 5*7 Pixels) Decimal 56 48 40 HEX 38 30 28
32
28 24 2 16 20 14 15
20
1E 18 2 10 14 0E 0F
12
8 12 1 128+addr 64+addr
0C
08 0C 01 80+addr 40+addr
The components required to effect ADC using the 8051 microcontroller and the ADC0804LCN IC are: ADC0804LCN Resistor 10K, 1K Capacitor 150 pF LCD Display 16x2 Crystal - 12 MHz Power Supply 5V 8051 MCU Development Board
Circuit Schematic
Music Recording
ADCs are integral to current music reproduction technology. Since much music production is done on computers, when an analog recording is used, an ADC is needed to create the PCM data stream that goes onto a compact disc or digital music file. The current crop of AD converters utilized in music can sample at rates up to 192 kilohertz. High bandwidth headroom allows the use of cheaper or faster anti-aliasing filters of less severe filtering slopes. The proponents of oversampling assert that such shallower anti-aliasing filters produce less deleterious effects on sound quality, exactly because of their gentler slopes. Others prefer entirely filter-less AD conversion arguing that aliasing is less detrimental to sound perception than preconversion brickwall filtering. Considerable literature exists on these matters, but commercial considerations often play a significant role. Most[citation needed] high-profile recording studios record in 24-bit/192176.4 kHz PCM or in DSD formats, and then downsample or decimate the signal for Red-Book CD production (44.1 kHz) or to 48 kHz for commonly used for radio/TV broadcast applications.
Digital Multimeter