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<CENTER> <BR> <FONT FACE= SNAP ITC SIZE=24 COLOR=GREEN>MAN: AS SOME WESTERN
PHILOSOPHERS <BR>SEE HIM </FONT></CENTER>
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&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;1.&nbsp; <A HREF="#THALES">THALES</A></A>
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&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;2.&nbsp; <A
HREF="#ANAXIMANDER">ANAXIMANDER</A></A>
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&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;3.&nbsp; <A
HREF="#ANAXIMENES">ANAXIMENES</A>
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&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;4.&nbsp; <A HREF="#SOCRATES">SOCRATES</A>
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&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;5.&nbsp; <A HREF="#PLATO">PLATO</A></A>
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<A NAME="THALES">1. <FONT FACE= SNAP ITC SIZE=10 COLOR=MAGENTA>Thales</A></FONT>


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&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <FONT FACE= SNAP ITC SIZE=6
COLOR=YELLOW>Thales probably was in his prime in the early part of the sixth
<BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; century B.C.
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&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;His answer to the
primary compositions of everything was <BR> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; water,
nothing that everything was moist, and that if water evaporated, it <BR> &nbsp;
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; became either mist or air, and if frozen, could become earth.
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<A NAME="ANAXIMANDER">2. <FONT FACE= SNAP ITC SIZE=10


COLOR=MAGENTA>Anaximander</a></font>
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<FONT FACE= SNAP ITC SIZE=6 COLOR=YELLOW>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Anaximander did not
accept his predecessor's answer, but <BR> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; concluded
that the primary element was indeterminate. Being the first <BR> &nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp; &nbsp; to call this the material cause, it was to him not water nor any one
<BR> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; element but infinite, eternal and ageless, the
source of all the worlds.
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&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The philosopher talked
of the evolution of animals (from the <BR> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; sea to
adaptation to environment) and of the origin of man. His main <BR> &nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp; &nbsp; distinction then is "attempt to answer the question how the
world<BR> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; developed out of this primary
element."</font>

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<A NAME="ANAXIMENES">3.<FONT FACE= SNAP ITC SIZE=10 COLOR=MAGENTA> Anaximenes


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<FONT FACE= SNAP ITC SIZE=6 COLOR=YELLOW>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Anaximenes was close
to Thales in his approximation of <BR> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; the primary
element in that this was determinate. This was air, for<BR> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp; man and all other things cannot live without it. He thus introduced<BR>
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; the idea of condensation and rarefaction. Air when
condensed can <BR> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; become "wind, cloud, water, earth,
and finally stones," and when <BR> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; rarefied can become
fire. </font>

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<A NAME="SOCRATES">4. <FONT FACE= SNAP ITC SIZE=10 COLOR=MAGENTA> Socrates</font>


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&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <FONT FACE= SNAP ITC SIZE=6 COLOR=YELLOW>The bare
facts of the life of Socrates are:
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&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;a. His
father was a stoneman or sculptor, his mother a midwife.

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&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;b. He was
arrested and condemned to death because of two &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;
charges: (1) Impiety, because of not worshipping gods of the<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; state
and introducing new and unfamiliar ways of worship; and <br>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;(2) Corruption
of the minds of the young who would flock <br>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;around him.
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&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;c. He did
not admit any guilt, he refused to be set free by friends, <br>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;and he died
after drinking a glass of hemlock in the presence of<br>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;friends.</font>

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<A NAME="PLATO">5. <FONT FACE= SNAP ITC SIZE=10 COLOR=MAGENTA>Plato</font></A></A>


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&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <FONT FACE= SNAP ITC SIZE=6
COLOR=YELLOW>A pupil of Socrates, Plato, too, had a big against democracy. He <BR>
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;had an aristocratic upbringing, and was immersed in the
culture of <BR> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;his day, but his plan, abetted by
relatives, to enter politics was abandoned<BR> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;after
what he saw was done to Socrates.
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&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; In spite of
Socrates' influence, Plato was his own man of ideas,<BR> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp; especially in his period of maturity. Proof of this is his three best known
<BR> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;works in dialogue form: (1) Symposium,
which speaks of everything on <BR> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;earth is but
a shadow of what is in the mind of God. (2) The Republic <BR> &nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;which is about the state, about the ideal government. (3)
Phaedrus which <BR> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;is about the nature of
love.
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&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Plato has shown his
interest in man as knower and as possessor of <BR> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp;&nbsp;an immortal soul. Much has been made of this theory of knowledge, his
<BR> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;main contribution to philosophic truth.
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<CENTER><FONT FACE= SNAP ITC SIZE=3 COLOR=pink> <a
href="mailto:esquivelazzej@yahoo.com"> esquivelazzej@yahoo.com </a><font>

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