BIOLOGY 102 Super Table of Structures for the Muscular Systems of the Cat and Shark Ms.

Ruth Marian S. Guzman

Cutaneous muscles Muscle Cutaneous maximus Platysma Abdominal muscles Muscle External oblique Internal oblique Transversus abdominis Rectus abdominis Back muscles Muscle Multifidus spinae Semispinalis dorsi Longissimus dorsi Iliocostalis Chest muscles Muscle Pectoantibrachialis Pectoralis major Pectoralis minor Xiphihumeralis Neck and throat muscles Muscle Digastric Mylohyoid Geniohyoid Sternohyoid Sternomastoid Clavotrapezius Cleidomastoid Clavobrachialis/clavodeltoid Masseter Temporalis Sternothyroid Thyrohyoid Origin Linea alba, latissimus dorsi Cervical mid-dorsal fascia Origin Lumbo dorsal fascia, ribs Lumbo dorsal fascia Costal ribs Pubis Origin Separate muscle bundles from lumbar pleurapophyses Last 4 thoracic vertebrae Sacral and caudal vertebrae Separate muscle bundles from lower thoracic ribs Origin Manubrium Cranial sternebrae Sternum Xiphoid process Origin Jugular process, mastoid process Mandible Mandible 1st costal rib Manubrium Lambdoidal ridge Mastoid process Clavicle Zygomatic arch Temporal fossa 1st costal rib Thyroid cartilage Origin Insertion Dermis of the skin Dermis of the skin Insertion Linea alba, pubis Linea alba Linea alba Sternum, costal ribs Insertion Neural spine of vertebra craniad to the origin of the bundle Thoraco-cervical vertebrae Thoraco-cervical vertebrae 3 ribs craniad to the origin of the bundle Insertion Fascia of the forearm Humerus Humerus Humerus Insertion Mandible Median raphe Body of the hyoid Body of the hyoid Lambdoidal ridge, mastoid process Clavicle Clavicle Ulna Mandible Coronoid process Thyroid cartilage Posterior horn of hyoid Insertion
Humerus Fascia of scapular muscles Spine of scapula Metacromion process Deltoid ridge of humerus Spinodeltoid Scapula Lambdoidal ridge Vertebral border of scapula Greater tuberosity of humerus Greater tuberosity of humerus Humerus Lesser tuberosity of humerus Vertebral border of scapula Spines of lumbar vertebrae Cervical vertebrae pleurapophyses Border of adjacent rib Border of adjacent rib Thoraco-cervical vertebrae Thoraco-cervical vertebrae 3 ribs craniad to the origin of the bundle

Action Moves the skin of the trunk Moves the skin of the neck and face Action Constricts the abdomen Compresses the abdomen Compresses the abdomen Compresses the abdomen Action Extends the vertebral column Extends the vertebral column Extends the vertebral column Draws the ribs together

Action Adducts forelimb Adducts forelimb Adducts forelimb Adducts forelimb Action Depresses mandible Raises floor of mouth Pulls hyoid anterior Pulls hyoid posterior Turns head, lowers head on neck Pulls clavicle dorsal and anterior Turns head, lowers head on neck Flexes forearm Raises mandible Raises mandible Pulls larynx posterior Raises larynx Action
Pulls forelimb dorsal and posterior Pulls scapula dorsal and posterior Pulls scapula dorsal Pulls scapula anterior Flexes and rotates humerus Flexes and rotates humerus Pulls scapula anterior Raises head, turns head Pulls scapula dorsal Extends humerus Rotates humerus outward Flexes and rotates humerus Pulls humerus medial Pulls scapula anterior and ventral Pulls rib anterior Flexes neck Protracts the ribs Retracts the ribs Extends the vertebral column Extends the vertebral column Draws the ribs together

Upper back, shoulder, and back of neck muscles Muscle

Latissimus dorsi Spinotrapezius Acromiotrapezius Levator scapulae ventralis Spinodeltoid Acromiodeltoid Rhomboideus capitis Splenius Rhomboideus Supraspinatus Infraspinatus Teres major Subscapularis Serratus ventralis Serratus dorsalis Scalenes External intercostals Internal intercostals Semispinalis dorsi Longissimus dorsi Iliocostalis

Thoracic and lumbar vertebrae Spines of thoracic vertebrae Spines of cervical vertebrae Atlas, occipital bone Spine of scapula Acromion process Lambdoidal ridge Middorsal line Spines of thoracic vertebrae Supraspinous fossa Infraspinous fossa Axillary border of scapula Subscapular fossa First 9 ribs Last 4 ribs Ribs Border of rib Border of rib Last 4 thoracic vertebrae Sacral and caudal vertebrae Separate muscle bundles from lower thoracic ribs

Forelimb muscles Muscle Triceps brachii long head Triceps brachii lateral head Triceps brachii medial head Anconeus Epitrochlearis/Extensor antibrachii Biceps brachii Brachialis Forearm muscles Muscle Brachioradialis/supinator longus Extensor carpi radialis longus Extensor carpi radialis brevis Extensor digitorum communis Extensor digitorum lateralis Extensor carpi ulnaris Flexor carpi ulnaris humeral head Flexor carpi ulnaris ulnar head Pronator teres Flexor carpi radialis Palmaris longus Flexor profundus digitorum Thigh muscles Muscle Biceps femoris Tensor fascia latae Caudofemoralis Gluteus maximus Gluteus medius Vastus lateralis Semitendinosus Semimembranosus Rectus femoris Vastus intermedius Vastus medialis Adductor longus Adductor femoris Sartorius Gracilis Tenuissimus Shank muscles Muscle Tibialis anterior Extensor digitorum longus Flexor digitorum longus Peroneus Plantaris Gastrocnemius Soleus Tibialis posterior

Origin Axillary border of scapula Greater tuberosity of humerus Humerus Humerus Latissimus dorsi Glenoid fossa Humerus Origin Humerus Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus Lateral epicondyle of humerus Lateral epicondyle of humerus Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus Lateral epicondyle of humerus Medial epicondyle of humerus Olecranon process Medial epicondyle of humerus Medial epicondyle of humerus Medial epicondyle of humerus Ulna, humerus Origin Ischium Ilium Caudal vertebrae Sacral and caudal vertebrae Sacral anf caudal vertebrae Greater trochanter Ischium Ischium Ilium Femur Femur Pubis Pubis Ilium Ischial and pubic symphysis 2nd caudal vertebrae Origin Tibia, fibula Lateral epicondyle of femur Tibia, fibula Fibula Lateral epicondyle of femur, patella Femur, tendon and fascia of plantaris Fibula Tibia, fibula

Insertion Olecranon process Olecranon process Olecranon process Ulna Olecranon process Radius Ulna Insertion Radius 2nd metacarpals 3rd metacarpals Digits Digits 5th metacarpal Pisiform Pisiform Radius 2nd and 3rd metacarpals Phalanges Phalanges Insertion Patella, tibia Fascia lata Patella Greater trochanter Greater trochanter Patella Tibia Medial epicondyle of femur Patella Patella Patella Femur Femur Patella, tibia Tibia Patella, tibia Insertion 1st metatarsal Phalanges Digits Metatarsals, digits Digits Calcaneus Calcaneus Scaphoid, medial cuneiform

Action Extends forearm Extends forearm Extends forearm Strengthens elbow joint Extends forearm Flexes forearm Flexes forearm Action Supinator of hand Extends the hand Extends the hand Extends digits Extends digits Extends 5th digit Flexes carpals Flexes carpals Pronator of hand Flexes 2nd and 3rd metacarpal Flexes digits Flexes digits Action Abducts thigh, flexes shank Tightens fascia lata Abducts thigh, extends shank Abducts thigh Abducts thigh Extends shank Flexor of shank Extends thigh Extends shank Extends shank Extends shank Adducts and extends thigh Adducts and extends thigh Adducts thigh, rotates thigh, extends shank Adducts thigh Abducts thigh Action Flexes foot Extends digits Flexes digits Extends foot, flexes foot Flexes digits Extends foot Extends foot Extends foot

Notes on Cat Muscles Platysma functions in moving the lips, cheeks, eyelids, and ears Multifidus spinae is homologous to the transversospinalis in reptiles Clavotrapezius and clavobrachial is considered as one muscle, cephalobrachial. Mylohyoid is homologous to the intermandibularis of lower vertebrates Sternomastoid is homologous to the cucullaris of lower vertebrates Sternohyoid, sternothyroid, and thyrohyoid is homologous to the rectus cervicis of lower vertebrates Vastus lateralis, rectus femoris, vastus medualis and vastus intermedius constitute the quadriceps femoris muscle group.

Muscles of the Shark Muscle Pectoral levator Pectoral depressor Pelvic levator Pelvic depressor Epihyoidean Craniomaxillaris Quadratomandibularis Preorbitalis Intermandibularis Interhyoideus Levator maxillae superioris Cucullaris Common coracoarcuals Coracomandibular Coracohyoid

Origin Scapular process Coracoids bar Iliac process Puboischiac bar Otic capsule Otic capsule Palatoquadrate Midventral of chondrocranium Midventral raphe Hyomandibula Otic capsule Fascia of epaxial muscles Coracoid bar Coracoid bar Coracoid bar

Insertion Fin pterygiophores Fin pterygiophores Fin pterygiophores Fin pterygiophores Hyomandibula Palatoquadrate Meckels cartilage Quadratomandibularis Meckels cartilage Ceratohyal Palatoquadrate Scapular cartilage Quadratomandibularis Meckels cartilage Basihyal

Action Elevates pectoral fin Depresses pectoral fin Elevates pelvic fin Depresses pelvic fin Compresses gill chambers Elevates palatoquadrate Closes mouth Closes mouth Elevates floor of mouth Compresses gill chamber Raises upper jaw Elevates scapular cartilage Helps open mouth Opens mouth Helps in feeding