Management Syst ems

i n
Pr oduc t i on Engi neer i ng

2012,No3(7),pp3133

Abstract:
Prolonged and intensive use of the gas transportaon system of the Kaliningrad region, led to the deterioraon of a
numberofareas.Thisarclediscussesthecurrentstateofthegastransmissionsystemandpossibleoponsforitsrepa
irwithoutinterrupngthegassupplytotheKaliningradregion.
DEVELOPMENTOFRECOMMENDATIONSFORTHEEFFECTIVEFUNCTIONINGOFTHEGASSYSTEMOF
KALININGRADREGION
INTRODUCTION
Themaintypesofnaturalresourceswhichareusedfor
industrial producon, heat and power in the Kaliningrad
regionarecoal,oilandgas[1].Gasfuelisabout75%ofthe
totalamountofsuppliedenergy.Kaliningradareaisenergy
dependent region, about 99% of gas supplies in the region
isgoingthroughthegaspipelineMinskVilniusKaunas
Kaliningrad. The eecve funconing of this pipe is a de
pendantofenergysupplytohundredsofthousandsofKali
ningradiansandalotofcompaniesintheregion.Consequ
ently,deliveryandstablesupplyofgastotheregionbygas
pipeisoneofthemostimportanttasks.Unfortunatelyover
the past years of operaon of this transmission system, it
was largely deteriorated [5]. That is why it is necessary to
ensure its maintenance without interrupng the supply of
gastoKaliningradregion.
GENERALINFORMATIONONGASTRANSPORTATIONSYS
TEMOFKALININGRADREGION
Consider the gasicaon of the Kaliningrad region in
terms of providing the region with natural gas. The overall
levelofgasicaonofthepopulaonintheregionis92.4%,
but this gure included 43.7% of the populaon, only the
gasied by liqueed gas. Only 48.7% of the populaon has
accesstonaturalgas[2].
Analyzing the level of gasicaon of industry inKalinin
grad region, it is important to note that natural gas is sup
pliedtothefollowingciesGvardeysk,Zelenogradsk,Kali
ningrad,Krasnoznamensk, Neman, Pioneersk, Polessk,Sve
tlogorsk and Soviet. Several cies in the region remain wi
thout any natural gas supply (imported liqueed gas). In
Chernyakhovsk, Gusev, Nesterov, Ozersk, Bagraonovsk,
Mamonovo, Ladushkin, Balsk, Primorsk gas cylinders are
usedinordertosupplygastoenterprisesandpeople.
Thereareseveralmajorgasconsumersinthisarea.First
of all, there are orb of objects TEC1, TEC2, RTS South,
RTS East, RTS Dune, etc. And of course several light indu
strialfaciliesSovietandNemanPulp&PaperMills,Kali
ningradmeatandshcanningfactories,dislleries,poultry
factoriesandmore.
Addional gas pipe system construcon is important
and promising areas of development in Kaliningrad region.
In general, the level of gasicaon of natural gas remains
ratherlowintheregion[6].
On the other hand, in the context of industrial produc
onthemostimportantfactorisenergysecurity.
Unfortunately,theKaliningradregionisverydependent
ongas,soitsneedtodevelopaneecveschemeofpipe
linerepair.
Because natural gas is the most costeecve fuel for
producon,andoneshouldtakeintoaccountthefactthat
the Kaliningrad region is energydependent region.
Gazpromcompany,thathasstartedconstruconofstorage
faciliesinthetownofRomanov,shouldprovidetheener
gysecurityoftheregionintheeventofterminaonofgas
supply. In addion, it should serve to align the dierence
between summer and winter periods of gas consumpon
(through the accumulaon of excess gas). Due to the fact
that thegas pipeline was built in 1985, thenumber ofcor
rosiveelementshassignicantlyincreasedover25yearsof
systemoperaon.Thereareelementswithahighdegreeof
wear and tear, etc. Therefore in 2009 and 2010, Gazprom
Companyconductedastudyofawstateoftheinnercavi
tyofthepipeline[1].
INVESTIGATIONOFGASTRANSPORTATIONSYSTEMOF
KALININGRADREGION
The aim of this invesgaon is to idenfy the most da
maged secons of KaunasKaliningrad pipeline as well as
thedevelopmentofanopmalpackageoftechnologiesfor
itrepairwithoutstoppinggaspumping.
The state of the gas pipeline from the compressor sta
on "Krasnoznamensk" to the gas distribuon staon
"Svetlogorsk" was considered. The study showed that a
VictorNORDIN,PaulSHCHERBAN
ImmanuelKantStateUniversityofRussia
Keywords:infrastructure,transmissionofgas,connuityofsupply

32ManagementSystemsinProduconEngineering3(7)/2012
V.NORDIN,mgrP.SHCHERBANDevelopmentofrecommendaonsfortheeecvefunconingofthegassystem...
coecientofeciencyofgassystemisaboutE=0.93.Stu
dyprovedthattheaveragepressurethroughoutthepipeli
ne is less than the esmated 4.72 MPa (with an esmated
5.3MPa).ItmeansthattheKaliningradregionloosesabout
40thousandm3ofgaseveryyear[4].
Ananalysisoftheoveralldynamicsofwearonthebasis
of inline inspecon by electromagnec and radiological
studieshasidenedanumberofareasaectedbyahigh
degreeofcorrosionwear(Table1)[6].
Table1
Priorityofrepairofthepipeline,withaviewoftheused
technologyandthelimitaonsonterms
Therearefourpartsthatarethemostwornoutdueto
internalcorrosion:28,93,147,148(thelengthofeachseg
mentapproximately1km).Theseareasrequireimmediate
replacement, that can be done either by a full stop of the
gas system, or by usageofbypass method, which is oneof
repair methods that do not require to reduce a supply of
gastotheregion[1].
Further sites were idened with very high levels of
contaminaon in pipe by hydrates and parans, which is
caused,obviously,byinadequatecleaninganddryingofgas
beforestarngitinthepipe,andahighdegreeofcorrosion
in several areas. In our invesgaons we researched distri
buonofparanandothercomponentsbypipewalls.Ta
kingintoaccountthatcorrosionofpipewallsisusuallyrela
ted with chemical impact of paran and also cavitaon
destruconbydustparcleswehavedevelopedmathema
cal model of dependence loss of gas by pipe walls thin
ness. All this processes were shown on linear regression
model.
Table2showsthetwovariablesthexandy,wherex
the average depth of corrosion wear of the analyzed seg
ment, and y the average pressure on the analyzed seg
ment.
Next, a series of calculaons has found correlaon
coecient.Wepresentthemindetail.
Based on data from above table, we construct a re
gression correlaon dependence. Given that the basis of
these data, correlaon is linear, we use the following met
hod to construct a regression correlaon dependence. Va
lueofrwascalculatedbythefollowingformula[3]:

r=0.983

Next,weconstructagraphshowingthedependenceof
thetwoindicatorsanddynamicsoftheirspreadinthestud
iedarea.Basedonthesegures,itisobviousthatthegraph
islinear.Therefore,weconstructagraphbasedontheclas
sicalformulafortheline:

Giventhatxarandomvariable,andydependsonx
variable,weexpresskandbbyxandy.
Aersubstungthevaluesrepresentedbytheformula
of the boom row of Table 2, we obtain the following val
ues:
b=0.673;k=0.613;r=0.983;
Inthiscase,theregressionequaonisasfollows:

ThelinearregressionequaonwasploedonFig.1.

r =
n x
i
y
i
- x
i
n
1
y
i
n
1
n
1
|n x
i
2
- ( x
i
)
n
1
2
n
1
!|n y
i
2
- ( y
i
n
1
)
2 n
1
]
(1)
Y= kx+b (2)
y = 0.61x + 0, 67 (3)
Theline
repair
Groupsites
Theproposedtech
nologyofrepair
Termsofrepair
1
28,93,147,
148
Bypass,hottapping
11,5years
170 FS7OTGM
2
64,23,25 Threadedhose
3years
94,157,66 FS7OTGM
3
161,63,15 Fiberglass
5years
171,162,
121
FS7OTGM
NN 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Xi(depthofcorro
sion),mm
0.1 0.1 0.12 0.13 0.13 0.14 0.14 0.15 0.17 0.19
Yi,P 0.650 0.640 0.633 0.610 0.605 0.600 0.594 0.578 0.570 0.564
NN 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Xi(depthofcorro
sion),mm
0.19 0.19 0.2 0.23 0.25 0.27 0.3 0.31 0.32 0.35
Yi,P 0.540 0.510 0.505 0.505 0.502 0.490 0.478 0.440 0.432 0.420
NN 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Xi(depthofcorro
sion),mm
0.4 0.41 0.43 0.43 0.43 0.48 0.5 0.52 0.57 0.59
Yi,P 0.410 0.405 0.405 0.400 0.395 0.395 0.389 0.380 0.340 0.330
NN 31 32 33 34 35
Xi(depthofcorro
sion),mm
0.59 0.61 0.63 0.65 0.67
Sum
Average
sum

11.92 0.341
Yi,P 0.310 0.307 0.302 0.300 0.295 16.226 0.464
Table2
Thesummarytableforthecorrelaonregressionanalysis

ManagementSystemsinProduconEngineering3(7)/201233
V.NORDIN,mgrP.SHCHERBANDevelopmentofrecommendaonsfortheeecvefunconingofthegassystem...
Fig.1.Dependenceoflossesandreducethevolumeofgassupply,onthedepthofcorrosion
In considering the repair pipeline, recognized as the
most eecve method for extending the life of the pipe
cleanerthroughtheprobeFS7OTGM,whichallowsyouto
removetheparantubeandcorrosioninrepairzone.
CONCLUSIONS
Asaresult,researchhasestablishedthatitisnecessary
to repair secons 170, 94, 157, 66 using inline probe. Re
pair of these areas should be made within the next eight
eenmonthsbeforetheexpiraonoftheremaininglife.
In addion to sites idened in the rst repair group,
idened areas for the second and third repair lines. For
secons 64, 23, 25 we recommend a method of repair
using exible hoses and also for secons 161,63,15 the
mostpreferablemethodofrepairingisberglass.
Asaresultofresearch,praccalconclusionsandrecom
mendaons were developed. Praccal hints were given by
regressionmodelwhichaimsatpumpingpowerlossesand
reducingthevolumeofgassupply,dependingonthethick
nessofsteelandcorrosion.
In general,given thehigh degree ofdependence of the
Kaliningrad region from mely supply of gas, especially in
the winter, one should consider it expedient to pay aen
ontoGazpromcompanyandtheneedtodiversifyroutes
and modes of supply of gas to the region and to create a
gasstoragefaciliesinthisarea.
Also,werecommendthattheregionalgovernmentshall
pay aenon to accuracy and clarity of the gas supply by
theGazpromcompany,aswellastheneedtoincreasethe
supplyofelectricitytotheregion,bothatthemeofrepair
and replacement of pipes in the exisng pipeline Kaunas
Kaliningrad, and in case of emergency breakdown of gas
pipesystem.
REFERENCES
[1]KazimovK.G.:Designandoperaonofundergroundgas
pipelines.TheAcademy.Moscow2007,pp215.
[2]Maslovsky V.: Technology of repair of gas equipment
andpipelinesystems.Nedra.Moscow2004.
[3]NordinV.:Prakchesskiemethodstoimprovethequali
tyofgovernanceinthetransportandserviceindustries.
Univ RSU them. Immanuel Kant. Kaliningrad 2010, pp
212.
[4]Pokrepin B. V, Doroshenko E. V.: Methods of inline re
pairofmainpipelines.InstuteofFolio,2009.
[5]Technical Report on the acvies of Gazprom in 2010
hp://www.gazoil.ru.
[6]Gizmairyan K. F.: On the modern technologies used in
the repair of pipelines. hp://www.gazprom.ru
(04.2008).
prof.drin.VictorNordin
mgrPaulShcherban
ImmanuelKantStateUniversityofRussia
ul.A.Newskiego14,236041Kaliningrad,RUSSIA
email:nordin@gazinter.net;URSAMaior@yandex.ru