Exam on Chapter 1 through 4

1. An elevation signs that read "914 m (3000 ft): Critics of the metric system claim that such numbers show the metric system is more complicated. How would you alter such signs to be more consistent with a switch to the metric system? Answer - Click here to enter text. 2. A guidebook describes the rate of climb of a mountain trail as 120 meters per kilometer. How can you express this as a number with no units? Answer - Click here to enter text. 3. What physical phenomena (other than a pendulum or cesium clock) could you use to define a time standard? Answer - Click here to enter text. 4. You measure the radius of a wheel to be 4.16 cm. If you multiply by 2 to get the diameter. Should you write the result as 8 cm or as 8.32 cm? Justify your answer Answer - Click here to enter text. 5. Express the sine of 30.0 with the correct number of significant figures. Answer - Click here to enter text. 6. Does a car speedometer measure speed, velocity or both? Answer - Click here to enter text. 7. You travel from point A to point B in a car moving al a constant speed of 70 km/ h. Then you travel the same distance from point B to another point C. moving at a constant speed of 90 km/ h. Is your average speed for the entire trip from A to C 80 km/ h? Explain why or why not. Answer - Click here to enter text. 8. Can an object with constant acceleration reverse its direction of travel? Can it reverse its direction twice? In each case, explain your reasoning. Answer - Click here to enter text. 9. Prove these statements a. As long as you can neglect the effects of the air, if you throw anything vertically upward, it will have the same speed when it returns to the release point as when it was released. b. The time of flight will be twice the time it takes to get to its highest point. Answer - Click here to enter text. c. 10. If you stand motionless under an umbrella in a rainstorm where the drops fall vertically, you remain relatively dry. However, if you start running the rain begins to hit your legs even if they remain under the umbrella. Why? Answer - Click here to enter text. 11. Under what conditions is average velocity equal to instantaneous velocity? Answer - Click here to enter text.

12. If the initial position and initial velocity of a vehicle are known and a record is kept of the acceleration at each instant, can you compute the vehicles position after a certain time from these data? If so, explain how this might be done. Answer - Click here to enter text. 13. A ball is dropped from rest from the top of a building of height h. At the same instant, a second ball is projected vertically upward from ground level, such that it has zero speed when it reaches the top of the building. When the two balls pass each other, which ball has the greater speed, or do they have the same speed? Explain. Where will the two balls be when they are alongside each other: at height above the ground, below this height, or above this height? Explain. Answer - Click here to enter text. 14. Two cannonballs. A and B, are fired from the ground with identical initial speeds, but with A larger than B. a. Which cannonball reaches a higher elevation? b. Which stays longer in the air? c. Which travels farther? Answer - Click here to enter text. 15. It was reported in World War I that a pilot flying at an altitude of 2 km caught in his bare hands a bullet fired at the plane! Using the fact that a bullet slows down considerably due to air resistance, explain how this incident occurred. Answer - Click here to enter text. 16. When you fly in an airplane at night in smooth air, there is no sensation of motion, even though the plane may be moving at 800Km/hr why? Answer - Click here to enter text. 17. If the two ends of a rope in equilibrium are pulled with forces of equal magnitude and opposite direction, why is the total tension in the rope not zero? Answer - Click here to enter text. 18. When a car stops suddenly, the passengers tend to move forward relative to their seats. Why? When a car makes a sharp turn, the passengers tend to slide to one side of the car. Why? Answer - Click here to enter text. 19. The acceleration of a falling body is measured in an elevator traveling upward at a constant speed of 9.8m/s what result is obtained? Answer - Click here to enter text. 20. A person can dive into water from a height of 10 m without injury, but a person who jumps off the roof of a 10-m-tall building and lands on a concrete street is likely to be seriously injured. Why is there a difference? Answer - Click here to enter text.