A SYNOPSIS ON FULLY AUTOMATED TOLL TAX COLLECTION USING RF TECHNOLOGY.

NO NEED TO STOP CAR ON TOLL GATE

Submitted for partial fulfillment of award of degree in BACHELORS OF TECHNOLOGY IN ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

Submitted by Narendra Kumar Sharma Lavlesh Kumar Shukla Krishna Chandra Arora (0901031047) Brijesh Kumar (0901031034) PROJECT GUIDE MR. VIJIT SRIVASTAVA (0901031056) (0901031049)

UNITED COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & RESEARCH (SESSION 2012-13)

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We express our humble gratitude to all faculty members of Electronics & communication Engineering Department of United College of Engineering and Management for showing their interest in our project and having belief in our capabilities. We owe special debt of gratitude to Mr. VIJIT SRIVASTAVA, our project guide for guiding us throughout the completion of this project as well as boosting our moral when in crisis. Her sincerity, thoroughness and perseverance have been a constant source of inspiration for us. We would also like to express our sincere regards to PROF. A.K. MEHROTRA, Head of Department, Electronics & Communication Department to getting us through the minor details of this project. We also thank our comrades who were always there to help us out and raise our moral.

NARENDRA KUMAR SHARMA (0901031056) LAVLESH KUMAR SHUKLA (0901031049) KRISHNA CHANDRA ARORA (0901031047) BRIJESH KUMAR (0901031034)

CONTENT

CHAPTER 1 1.1 ABSTRACT..1 1.2INTRODUCTION. .2

CHAPTER 2 2.1 BLOCK DIAGRAM.3 2.2 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM AND DISCRIPTION ...4

CHAPTER 3 COMPONENT USED AND DISCRIPTION....5

CHAPTER 4 4.1 APPLICATION...6 4.2 ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES7 4.3 REFERENCE. .8

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CHAPTER 1
1.1 ABSTRACT
The most beneficial thing about this project is that its a fully automatic system which hardly involves the use of human resources and provides good efficiency of task accomplishment ..It provides the fully automatic control on vehicles toll tax collection system .Its initial cost is high but no matter as it provides a good task performing capability and its a reliable system with long life span. It mainly consists of microcontroller connected with a receiver section and when a RF system based car sends a RF signal to receiver section of the toll system it recognize the bits generated by the transmitter section of the car which is unique and then required operations are performed on the users account. Its an inspirational project which is inspired from the system that is already in use in some developed countries such as U.S.A and Britain ,so we took this project as it can bring a great advantage to our country.

1.2 INTRODUCTION

This system is an active RF ID tagging system. This device can be placed at highways for identification of cars/Bus for toll tax collection, here we use RF ID tagging system, this tag is implanted in Car/Bus, when Car/Bus passing toll tax collection Barrier RF receiver is received a signal and decode signal, then microcontroller is decide the barrier is open/closed, if your tax is already pay ten barrier is open otherwise closed. RF Transmitter has a four bit code that uniquely identifies the thing to be tracked. Automatic toll tax project is designed, using Atmel 89 series microcontroller & discrete components. Heart of the project is an RF transmitter and receiver modules, these strong powerful modules have a range of more than 30 feets are sufficiently enough for our project. I have designed this project as a simple implementation of the toll collection process automatically in a model form. This should not be considered as a real toll collection system which requires much more considerations, tests and huge amount of money, before they are actually put into use.

CHAPTER 2
2.1 BLOCK DIAGRAM
RECEIVER: ANTENNA

BARRIER

MOTOR

MOTOR DRIVER

DECODER RF-RX HT12D MICROCONTROLLER

DISPLAY UNIT

TRANSMITTER:

ENCODER HT12E RF- TX ANTENNA

2.2 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION:
RF ID Transmitter system consists of a RF Tx module and an encoder IC (HT12E).This system transmits Unique Identification Code (UIC) in an encrypted manner. This device is very small in size and can be attached easily to the target. The receiver system consists of RF Rx module and a decoder IC (HT12D).The decoded data is fed into the microcontroller (89series) which processes and displays the corresponding UIC on a 16*2 LCD. If you pay toll tax already then barrier is open. If you are not pay toll tax before barrier is closed, then you pay toll at the toll center then barrier is open.

CHAPTER 3 3.1 COMPONENTS USED AND DISCRIPTION

The complete working of RFID based tagging system can be divided in the following blocks for easier understanding: 1. RFID TAG: This tag is essentially a RF transmitter that transmits encoded signals. It can be further classified into following parts:
UNIQUE IDENTIFICATION CODE (UIC): This part is unique for every RF Tag. It

creates a unique code that is used to identify the tag when the data is read by RF reader. The UIC used here is a 4 bit data. Thus this UIC can be used for unique identification of at most 15 different things.
ENCODER: This part converts the UIC into an encrypted data that can be transmitted over

RF channels. The encoder used here is HT12E which can be used to encrypt 4 bit data. The encrypted data is a serial digital signal.
TRANSMITTER: This part takes the encrypted data from transmitter and transmits it in

form of Radio Frequency. The transmitter used here is ASK 315 MHz RF-TX modules.
POWER SUPPLY BLOCK: This consist a 12V power supply source and a power regulator

(7805) to get 5v power supply. This 5v supply drives the transmitter and the encoder.

2. RFID RECIEVER: This reader is basically a RF receiver that receives encoded signals decodes them and displays the tag number on the displaying unit. It can be further classified into following parts:
RECIEVER: It receives the encrypted data in form of RF waves and converts it into

electronic signals. The receiver used here is ASK 315 MHz RF-RX modules.
DECODER: This part decrypts the data to yield the UIC of the tag. This UIC is fed into the

microcontroller. HT12D has been used here which is compatible with HT12E module. The output is the UIC of the Tag in a 4 bit format.
MICROCONTROLLER: Microcontroller takes the UIC data from the decoder. Based on

this data it deciphers the source of the signal. It then displays this data and the source on the Display Unit. The microcontroller used in this project is AT89s8253.

 DISPLAY UNIT: It is 16*2 LCD that shows the Tag ID number as instructed by the

microcontroller.

POWER SUPPLY BLOCK: This consist a 12V power supply source and a power regulator

(7805) to get 5v power supply. This 5v supply drives the receiver, decoder microcontroller and the LCD.

MICROCONTROLLER DETAILS:
The microcontroller used here is a common 8 bit Atmel microcontroller AT89s8253.It is a lowpower, high-performance CMOS 8-bit microcontroller with12K bytes of In-System Programmable (ISP) Flash program memory and 2K bytes of EEPROM data memory. It has 32 programmable input output lines. FEATURES: 12K Bytes of In-System Programmable (ISP) Flash Program Memory SPI Serial Interface for Program Downloading Endurance: 10,000 Write/Erase Cycles 2K Bytes EEPROM Data Memory Endurance: 100,000 Write/Erase Cycles 2.7V to 5.5V Operating Range Fully Static Operation: 0 Hz to 24 MHz (in x1 and x2 Modes) Three-level Program Memory Lock 256 x 8-bit Internal RAM 32 Programmable I/O Lines Three 16-bit Timer/Counters Nine Interrupt Sources Enhanced UART Serial Port with Framing Error Detection and Automatic Address Recognition Enhanced SPI (Double Write/Read Buffered) Serial Interface

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KEY COMPONENTS: TYPE RF RECEIVER DECODER MICROCONTROLLER DISPLAY RF TRANSMITTER ENCODER OSCILLATOR POWER SUPPLY POWER REGULATOR STEPPER MOTOR DRIVER COMPONENT ASK 315MHZ RF-RX HT12D AT89S8253 16*2 LCD ASK 315MHZ RF-TX HT12E 16MHZ CRYSTAL 12V BATTERY 7805 ULN2803 QUANTITY 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

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CHAPTER 4 4.1 APPLICATIONS

This RF ID tagging system can used to keep a track of shipping goods and vehicles in a completely automated manner. The transport vehicle can be tracked at the shipping and the receiving organization to automatically update delivery status. These tags can be employed in cars and buses with readers placed at the toll taxes, bus stops and security checks. This modernizes the whole system of travel and saves a lot of time and money. It can be installed at air ports to felicitate the distribution of luggage by putting up an RFID tag on luggage and then at the distribution counter the luggage can be easily sorted out.

4.2.1 ADVANTAGES
Modernizes the entire tracking system. It is a very user friendly and can even be used by childrens. Simple to operate and can be installed in a short time. Can be used to track virtually everything. No scope for error in detection of RF-ID tags. Facilitates quick and accurate detection and tracking is possible instantaneously. Re-usable by simply attaching the tag to some other object. Easier to manage with very less demand on man-power. It has a variable range of operation and hence it can be used at almost all places.

4.2.2 DISADVANTAGES
This device is work only for limited number of cars i.e. 15 car. Range of transmitter and receiver is minimum. This toll tax device is not universal. Pre- paid toll tax recharge is only form of Rs 10, 20, 50 and 100.

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4.3 REFERENCE
Google.co.in Engineer.Projectworld.in Electronics for you
Ayala, Kenneth J. ( 1 996), The 8051 Microcontroller ... Architecture, Implementation

and Programming, International Edition, New York: .

MICROELECTRONICS Sedra smith.

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