.

S, fmy Military History Institute

AFTER ACTION REPORT, THIRD US ARMY

~~" 1 AUGUST 1944 - 9 MAY 1945
VOI. I
OPERATIONS

United States. Army. Array,

THIS COPY IS INCOMPLETE

3rd

1 AUGUST (D * 56)
(Map for this da to accompanies text)
Lt 1200 hour* on 1 August 1914*, a warn clear day with good visibil
ity except in the early morning hours, the Third U.S. Axwy under oommand
of LIEUTENANT GENERAL G. S. FATTON JR., became operational under a
veil of official secrecy, although the onomy had previously suggested
tho presence in France of this force. In addition to the VIII Corps,
commanded by Major General TROY H* MIDDLKTON, Hie Army took operational
control of the XII Corps,commanded by Major General GILBERT R. COOKi the
XV Corps, comiuRnded by Jfajor General HADE H. HAISI.IPi and the XX Corps,
oommandei by Major General WAX TOW H. WALKER, the latter three aorps be
ing located in the rear areas. At tiie same tine the XIX Statical Air
Consnand, which was to provide air support for the Army's activities, beaame operational under the oomoeuid of Brigadier General 0. P. WETLAUD,
the Comnand's headquarters being located adjacent to the Array's head
quarters. 3ho Command had been operating for months from Entland as a
part of tho DC Fighter Command and hd participated in the mounting
crescendo of attaok which preceded D-Dfty* From D-Day until 1 August the
Coranand prorided air support for the First U.S. Annyi (The detailed re
port of operation* of the Command with Third U.S. Army appears in full
aa Annex No. 3 to thia report}.
/
Operation* during August developed along five phases which will be
funmrited in mora detail at the end of the month. They werei 1. 1h*
conquest of BRITTaKT] 2* Die ARGBNTAN (TEl)--FALAISB (tl3}--MORttIH
(T?l) encirclement! 3. Die advanoe to jtfae SEINE, and the MANTES GAS SICOURT (H66) BLBEU7 (R19) envelopment! k- The enemy evacuation
of
southwestern France and the threat to the Biird U.S. Army's great ex
posed flank along the LOIRS River and to the vicinity of tRCTES (*2?)
5. The rout of the enemy across tho 1URRB, the A IS WE and the 1EUSE
Rivers.
(Xpabilities of the enes^r as estimted at thiB tiros were divided
into those of BRITT&ST and Usoae opposiag Ute 2hird U.S. Aroy froat. Is
SEITUUTT it wan estimated he could evacuate by land or delay to the
west, defending the peninsula by utiliiing favorable terrain for spora
dic defense. H* oould delay in the northern portion while evacuating to
the east by land in the souttiern portion. Or he could withdraw into and
defend the heavily fortified BRIW&NT ports from the landward side. On
the Ihird U.S. Amy front -tiie enemy was considered oapable of defending
to the south while attempting to organize a major armored counterattack
against the Army's east flank designed to drive a wedge to the sea and
aerer the Army's north-south supply line. He was also oonaiderad cap
able of executing piecemeal oousterattaok* against unite of the Aray
thn operating in the vicinity of RSSJHSS (TO?) and DIKaH (*79), and to
the north of the 3KLUSB River. Eie situation wan too fluid at the time
to accurately formulate close-in enemy oapabilities.

NS

At Third U.S. Army Headquarters near MUHFV1LLB LB BIHOAKD

five milflfl northwest of COOTASCES (T25) a oonfwreno* waa held during
the day by the Cooraanding Generals of the Twelfth 0.8. Army Qroup, 1he
X7 Corps, and the XX Corps, and the Ihird U.S. Army Corsaaader, who Blaoe
28 July had been acting aa Deputy Group Coxtnander in operational oonmaxkd
of the VIII Corps.
The Army's mission was to drive south and southwest from locutions
generally in the vicinity of AVHAtfCHES (TE1) and to secure the RKOBB
(Y05)-- FOtfGERES (T37) area, to turn west to capture the BHITTUTT Penin
sula and open the BRITTtHT Ports, and to be prepared for further opera
tions to the east.
Iwo problems confronted the cousnand.
One wu to
hold open the corridor between the SEE and SBL0SK River* agais*t eneay
counter&ttaoks.
Ihe second was to exploit the bresJrthrough already aoIhe Army Conmander ordered the VIII Corps (the 8th and Tpth Infan
try Divisions and the l*th and 6th Armored Divisions) to continue ite ad
vanoe westward and seize BREST (v?9) and the QUIBKEOF Bay (1^9) area.
Ihe XV Corps (the 83d and 90th Infantry Divisions and the 5th Armored
Division ) was ordered to move south within its an signed zone, coordina
ting with the VII Corps (First U.S. Army) and the VIII Corps.
5he H
Corpe (the 2d French Armored Division, upon arrival) wa* ordered to be
prepared to move south on order, initially to the vicinity of KXF9SHSS
(TJ7).
me XI! Corp (the 8Qt& Infantry DiTislon, upon arrival) TBBS to
continue to stage all Third U.S. Army troops arriving on the Continent
aoJ be prepared to move south on order.
The XIX taotioal Air Conmad
was to provide air support.
Scattered French resistance forces In BRXT0UTT, wHfe an approximate,
strength of 30,000 armed combatants, passed to the control of the Army
Commander.
Known officially as the Forces Franoaises de 1'Interieur,
various groups were given the imnediabe mis si em of pro tec tine the rail
road from BRSST (V99) along the north coast of the penlaJala, of seicing
the high ground oorth of VASNES (E10), of providing fttidtt for leading
element* of the Third U.S. Amy, and of intenjlfrinf; gwrrilla activity
short of open warfare throughout BEinUT.
The VIII Corps continued to exploit the breakthrough at AVBAHCHKS
(El), with elements of the l{th Armored Division reaching the violnlty
of BEKHES (T05) and noving to the aouthmst.
Against ecattered vnwmj
resistance, the 8th Infantry Dlviaion placed elemonta along the 8KLU0
Rirer, while leading elements of the oth Armored Division tdvanoed to
the Tioinlty of DOL (890).
Fiehter-bombers of the XIX tkotloal Air Oomnuid, grounded until
late afternoon by bad weather over their b*seB t provided armored oolnan
oover and flew armed reoonoalssano**

l?

! = sg

JR=

J`

As the result of the operation* of Its first operational day, tfie

Third U.S., Army widened the brldgahea-j south of the ScXUKE River, with
anuorpd element* followed closely by infsntry fanning out, to th s^uth^
southwest and west,.
The Third U.S. Army ressrves of" Quarterroaster supplies on hand st
thl time in the vicinity ->f NUfci* \T19iand at U liAIt DO HMTS (T].8)
wr 1,500,000 paHnna of gaol<na, j-lus dtesal, "ila and greases, and
l, r/.)0,OOTs operational rations.
CJnflaes 1 and III receipts Tor the Hy
frnffl the Advance Section Comsmnieat'.lonfl Zone were short of requireinents, but the shortagsa *ere made uf frote reserve stocks.
The *B"
ration wae discontinued frr ftlJ troupe and operational rations were sub*
fltJ tut-ftd.
Ammunition supply point"! "pt?rHtea by the Vlll Corps hd hpn
Increased in capacity to furnish by 1 August o r*3erv of approximately
6,000 tone far Third U.t. Army operations.

\ = ^ r d r p q=EMHRTF

A directive fro the Twelfth 'J.5, Ajrm^ Group sat forth a mission
for the Third P,. Array to secure the line CT HJ.UlIJR DD HARCOUBT (T^O)FCl'GERii; (Y3?) - RENKES (Y05).
When this line was secured, forcea were
to be puahod ngorcuely into the BJUTTAfJ? I! eninixla with the objective
of seizing th* QUIRi^iON BM (9?) area and clearing the eneoy fttm the
penJnsuIa, The directive specified that T MAtC (S71) could be bypassed
flnd contained If Its raduction took too large a force and too ucb time.
The Army Commander instructed the IV Corps (the 33d and 90th In
fantry Divisions and the fth Armored Division) to occupy and hold the
general line ST HIUJRS DU HARCOUET (TiD) - NATTJX (T40) -RKFFAVEILLE
i lil) , arvi to take over the security of dama acruee the SEXUKE River
then under the control of the VIII Corps,
The 5th Armored Wvision was
to aove south without delay,, pean through the lines of the 90th Infantry
Division, and attack and secure FOOGERfiS tt^V) and the roAd uot aronnd
the torn. The 83d Infantry Uiviaion aa to be asnbled by ccwbat taom
at the sarlieat practicable ont in an area weat of the 90thh Infaiitxy
Division, at the completion of which it was to take over the position
then held by the 5th Armored Division,
The 5th Armored Division, after
being relieved by the 83^ Infantry Division, was to be assembled for
further operations.
ATtar this Order was issued by the Army Cottauuader, the Conmanding
General of the Twelfth U.S. Array Group arrived at the Third U.S. Aray
cosuKand post and directed that the 79th Infantry DivleioD be moved on
KC'JGKKES (y? 1?), with the adesion of occupying the line FOUGEKJ^ (X3?) The VIII Coroa (8th and 79th Infantry Divisions and tbo 4th and 6th
Aricored Divisions) was then instructed by the Ar(y Coimancler tc order
the 79th Infantry Divislun to advance and ocoupy F00GJE5O5 (Y.3?) before
dark on 2 August and to have the 90th Infantry iH^iBion irfcnd ita front
to eecure and occupy LOUVWNli tK' UES2KT (U^).
The XV c;cirp>a was inetructed orally to asBflffible the 5^ Armorod Di
vision in an rn west of LOUVIGHE DU DESERT CU9) and aat of the ST
JAMES (Y29J - FC-UG8RES 137) road.
Tbe B^d Infantry Wvieion waa to b
moved motorized by combat teaaa with the least practicable delay wl
GHANnLLf. {T},?} oo AVHAUCHES (T21).
Task Force "A" (the l*t Tact Destroyer Brigade, the 2d and l^tJb
Cavalry GroupB, the 6th Tank Doatroyer Group, th 705tii Tank Daetroyer
Battalion, the 159th Engineer Coabet Battalion and th* 509th Engineer
Light Ponton ConpArgr) ccamAnded by Brigadier Genaral iiSlBmT L. KARKSST,
WRB formed for the specific olssion of a 1 ear ing the eogr fro* the
northsrn BRITTART routa to 8RST V99) .

18

In th* Till Corp* zone, leading elemente of the 6th Armored Di

vision reached qUEOILLAC (167), thre* miles aouth of CAULNES (Z67], and
pushed test toward BREST (799), neetlng poradlc resistance by small ntr*nch*d groups* Fifteen enemy fighters equipped with rockets bombed
nd strafed trains of the 6th Armored DlTlilon.
Enemy aircraft bombed
the bridge at ATRANCHE3 (T21) and the dan at DUCEY (T30), but the bridge
ma quickly repaired and there was no damage to the dam.
Elements of
the 4th Armored Division hat advanced to HERMITAGE (118), seven mUea
southeast of CHroiTTN (US), and Task Force "A" woe generally In the vi
cinity of DDL (390). The 83d Infantry Division paaead to the control of
the Till Corps*
The XT Corps troops were concentrating In the area. 31 HILAIRS DC
BARCCOTT (MO) - FOUOE8ES (137). The 79th Infantry Dlrlslon passed to
control of the XT Corpe.
Th* XIX Tactical Air Connmnd afforded armored column cover for th*
assaulting spearhattds, performed anaad reconnaissances on the front and
flank, and covered bridges IE tha ATRANCHES (T21) corridor to prevent
Incursion* by enemy aircraft.
As the result of operations for the) day spearheads of tha Third
U.S. Anqr made considerable progress to the south, southwest and west,
while th* XT Corps regrouped preparatory to commitment.
Th* Third U.S. Army Headquarters, forward Echelon,
CHAHPS (IBS), *l*ren mllea north of ATRANCHES (TS1).

Dorad to BEAU-

P=^ r d r p q=Ea =HRUF

Th* enemy was still unable to present a cohesive front line but
attempted to establish
defensive line anchored on CHARBOHNIBRE (YDS)
and extending southwest and southeast, with well dug-in 88 mm and aasault guns.
H* continued to ulliz* his air force primarily as defen
sive eov*r for hi* ground troops. Prisoners of war stated the enemy's
gasoline supply was so low that its us* was being limited to heavy tanks
and officers inspecting troops.
Th* Twelfth. U.S. Amy Group gav* th* Third U.S. Army a mission as
follows: Th* Army was to compl*t* th* securing of the BRITTANY ports
sad clearing of the peninsula with a minimum of forces. Crossings of
the HATEHia River were to be secured in a zoos as far south as CHATEAU
MUTTER (J71), Inclusive, and th* Army was to be prepared for further
action with strong armored fore** toward the east and southeast, Th*
are* west of the MAYBME River as far south as the LOIRE Hirer was to be
cleared. The Army's right (south) flank was to be protected with mini
mum fore*s.
In th* Till Corps zon* leading elements of the 6th Armored Divlelon
advanced to LOUDBAC (X36), *&oount*ring *n*my unit* which appeared IJB
mobile because of a gasoline shortage. Elements of th* 8th Infantry Di
vision captured RIIUJI) (YDS) over light enemy resistance, Inoludlng artlllerjr.
The XT and XX Corps continued to concentrate major elements
preparatory to aommltmnt.
Despite unfavorable weather th* XII Tactical Air Command covered
advancing armored and Infantry columns,
A request for night fighters

81-CSI-4858

was referred to the Ninth U.S. Air Fore*.

The high ground north of TANNES 1H10) was seized by approximately
6,OOO of the Forces Francalses de 1'Interieur who also occupied an area
in the Tlclnlty of JOS3KLIN (X30). Active guerrilla operations were
Initiated throughout the BRITTANY Peninsula.
As the result of operations for the day the Army advanced rapidly
In all zones with RENNE3 (TO5) being captured and armored elements
reaching LCUDSAC (26).
The Headquarters Rear Sehalon joined the Forward Echelon at BEADCRAUF3 (T23), eleven mllea north of AVRANCHE3 (T21), as did the XIX Tac
tical Air Command Headquartere.

Q=^ r d r p q=Ea =H=RVF

Still unable to present an establlaoed front line, the enemy was
limited to the use of delaying tactics by small groups employing road
blocks, damolitiona and mine fields. Harassing fire by snipers hindered
movement of supplies by the Third U.S. Army*
Enemy aircraft continued
flying, attacking Army supply lines in POOTORSOK (T10) and ATOANCHES
(T81).
The Army Commander directed the Till Corps (the 8th and 83d Infan
try Divisions and the 4th and 6th Armored Divisions) to complete clear
ing of the BRITTANY Peninsula, to secure th* ports and be prepared for
further operations to the east. He gav* orders to the XT Corps (the
79th and 90th Infantry Divisions and the 5th Armored Division) to seize
and hold a bridgehead east of HAY2NM (Y77) until relieved by tha First
U.S. Army, to seize a bridgehead at LAVAL (T64) and secure the UAYENNE
River as far south as CHATEAU GONTOE (J71), to seize L2 UANS (T46) and
to prepare for further offensive action to the north, east or northeast.
The XII Corps (80th Infantry Division and 7th Armored Division) was
ordered to concentrate in tee vicinity of LA HATE PBSIOX (TEE) and be
prepared to dove south on Army order. Th* XX Corps (5th and 35th Infan
try Divisions and the &d French Armored Division) was ordered to con
centrate in the vicinity of VTTftK (Y35), to secure crossings of the
UAYEKNE River from CHATEAU GONTIXK (J71) as far south as the LOIRS River
to advance rapidly to the east and to protect the south flank of the
Army.
In the Till Corps tone the 6th Armored Division, having by-passed
ST HALO (371) and DINAR (179), was north of COURIN [ISO) with Its lead
ing elements.
Task Force "A" (1st Tank Destroyer Brigade, d and ISth
Cavalry Groups, 6th Tank Destroyer Group, 705th Tank Destroyer Battal
ion, 199th Engineer Combat Battalion and the 509th Engineer Light Ponton
Company), with the 390th Heglwntal COBbat Team of th* 83d Infantry Di
vision, moved north to attack ST 14ALO (371) where resistance was strong.
Th* 4th Armored Division was moving rapidly toward TAKHE3 (BIO) through
RZDON (H60).
In the XT Corps zone a task fore* of th* 90th Infantry Division
captured KAYXNNE (Y77) while remaining elements of the division were de
ployed along a north-south line in contact with the 1st Infantry Divi
sion of th* Fir at U.S. Army,
The 79th Infantry Division was deployed

aloa a lice north of FOVCSR2S {Wi. Th* th Armored CiTlsicn *WB mov
ing *oth to an area at of 3T *Ak KS {n5}. Ttia XJJ *ua U Corps coc
tiuue4 =concentrate major element*.
t&e scale of pre*,eetian gien by tb il& Tactical Air Cc2iiid rc>s
herpiy with th* support given W fcfce ground fore*? neer FOUCER13 (T3V)
_ r = 3T &ALD (371),
A oonpany of ICC special Airtwms Sarrices TTOQT-* frrjp the United
Kingdom ws-js prottute4 b*fate4 vneoiy lljswe to assist th* Forces TrancaiBa* de I'lnterleur in tfcf prct*titfi of rslJroftii treaties a*. MORIATZ
IR41),
^ ~= the result of operations for the day the Ancjf o*plur*ssi
|Y77). At the same tisj*" Rrmored spssrheade racwd tc ca^tur.11 i^ aaior
BRITTANY ports and to cut of? th peniaaui*,
Curing t>ie first nk of Auguxt th AJTJ^ oXvi>S a critical p'rt'llee
nfl bottlnee*. loof tb* *et <*ont c-f t.he COITBTIIJ Peaitjsuie to AVHA>iCH8S {TE1} It we* Tital to mftlttaln a uj>j-ly route through tbe narrc-w
! =that varied la wldtb frcro tn to twenty miles anC =protect tfeu
rK
pK
=Ara^y lifelice fr3 serisJ *tt*ek*

cnly tiro prtteclfai nortii-*<Math lal^^irv titnded t&roufth *.bie rea,

*tiic& we cut (S0ply on t v,e west by tiar^ tidal asturi*K f ons at th*
ooutc of th 3IEKK>: fii*r nx 301TAMCSS ITSEJ and tha others at th
B^uthe of tlie 335 and SRU^K RlTre nner AVRACHS (r^l:.
An adaiuist*
ntork of rosda ttroiigli tbe strip wots nso*?8Efir%- in oifi*r tc supply
Third li.S, Ajmy troo;>a which ware swirling west down the HK ITTAST FerucBula, puehlng south tc cut off the base of the ppoinaula, and fatmlng
out east am! eouthast.
At CCITASCIES iTSS) ^her*- tbf t-wc E&RIE slgi;\s oonTsrped it *B
ffuwd poi'silie to fl9pai- f t;. rcuta* ftai eltsmwt- th firat bottl*n^cK.
3>it ell x<.; highways conrergsd f.t A7FSAKGHSS (Tlj, M^prc th*
strip narrowed to ttc. Ejl*-s OF l^ss, tbsc followed on*1 prJcciyal route
soutt for five Ellcs to roWTftlTBCHl.? (T31) . T?:e tcnrr of ATRA.NCH3S (TClI
5a4 ben b^dly deEU^-w^ by both AULld end *ner.y bor.Mng, but th brfrtge
o?r the 3I!3S Ri*er t tb* swig* of Icwm ** oapturod iatast. The bridge
at POHTAl'HOULT fTOl) DTer the 5ELUSK Ftitr *as a*uli*!h*d, but w re
pair*^ rapidly and later a ttcter trastle brides * built t^ :rrj p*rt
of the transport load. Ttn eneir^ attempt**! nifhtly t-;> brfc thF criti
cal brids*'*Tc sjet this threat antl-sircruft def^trses alrfa3y sstst11 i eht*v! slfinf the atippljr rout* *sr* aug3st* by tte altl^i? 'of additional
auto&stl* *apoaa r.S ^nr g-^n batta^icne wbicb war*1 rlya*^ free tt*
Ftrgt U.S. Arfflj' c-c tJiie <J(Jt
Df*H&* of tfa 3X1 nil ^lT*r lls* wltfe
SQste guca waa eitnrtn eet froK th* mouth of tLs river tc 3T HIIAISZ PU
^-AfteotTK1? (T4^5},
Thf ri**r Use 1*9 extrffi*,1y iseportajit, not only b*caufi* of ti>e bridf-*-; acr^a* it but because destruction of t-be dale at
!*UCKY (T3C! w?ulrf hv flooded tbe area,
A iaaer artillery Kcuf rsa
-j*eitljs:-M, b&ti^dei? t) ^ Ur#> 3t: t Jt>0 ^rtis north ana south of the riTer
.r.d :;:,^---- ymr^s *st :-f us aoutfc and * of 5T HILAlHE U' EARCCUST
lit ' . I o I8 2'jn*i ftijtl-aircraft artilie~j wis instructed to engagfi
icifc*4iat*ly af Di^ht s.^> ^-lan aot iafitifi#*l * frif-odly.
f ^91 entt5
'.tircraft reported o-?-er th# area durinje fc and v Attgust t ffiore t^su tots
p*r*)it fr* 4troyd or ;:rob*bly destroyed by aati-sircraft artillery,
Aacsft eth*sr de-cslojas^ctfc with is tiie ^nc^- at this tin* mere tba folIc'irlcg: {a} T^ riibi-le ^eUtlciu Seetioo pUed ita SCH ?99 and l8ky
Radio Ipto op*r*tioa at aA?>iAT (T*>. lltfc tUe eecaors preeent, it was
th*E pcflBlMe for the firjjt txs* tc use all planned faeills 1*8 and tp
liasfe Tfeird U3 .-vrsij1 sews to tli press of ti, world. ROtr, security
on ute of the Anty its ad of ita CaBaKendar paiaeinad, In effect, (b)
French authoritiee er rapidly reetorins t&eir authority mod aeeuffilng
their fuacticsa. The cfeief protoiea wm control of clriiisa circulation,
(o) At ttis tia-e, HO Itlrd 0.3. Ancy ualta wre still in tb* United
incoffipleteiy equipped.
Rvery effort was beln^ aad to obtaia
ceoeaaary eftuip"10!'1 *

Crossing t

20

5 AUGUST (0 + 60)
Tha relentleee aggreeaiveneas and wide-ranging sweep of Third U.S.
Army's offensivea by thie tine had resulted in a widespread disorganiza
tion of the enemy's forcee. Ha continued unable to forn a cohesive line
of defense except In the ST IULO Peninsula, and offered only scattered
resistance at other pointa. Snail elementa were identified but there
There was evidence
ware no indications of divisional sectors or areas.
that small group* of the enemy were attempting to escape from BRITTANY
by the southern route of the peninsula.
The army Commander directed the IV Corps to cross LA HAYENNE River
at mvunnc (177) and to secure a bridgehead eaat of HAYEHNE (177) and
Elementa not
hold It until relieved by VII Corps (Firat U.S. Army).
needed to hold the bridgehead east of HATEHNE (177) were to be moved
The corps was alao di
aouth of the inter-Army boundary without delay.
rected to secure crossings of the MAIENNE River to LAVAL (T64) inolualva f and to extend this front further south if deemed necessary and advanoa rapidly on LE NANS (746).
In the V11I Corpa gone the 6th Armored Division continued its rapid
advance toward BREST (V99) with elements reaching HULEGCAI (W49) and
The 4th Armored Division continued its progress toward
GOURIH (156).
VAHX1S (810) and LOWEST (072) with Combat Command "A" capturing VANNES
Task Force "1" waa withdrawn from the ST HALO (S71) area and
(H10).
proceeded along the northern BRITTANY route toward BREST (V99). The 83d
Infantry Division met aggressive resistance at ST HALO (371).
In the XT Corpa *one elements of the 90th Infantry Division secured
UYEnQE (177). Tha 79th Infantry Division concentrated on the west bank
of the HAYEHHE River In the vicinity of LAVAL (164) while the 5th Arm
ored Division moved east to cross this river in the vicinity of CHATEAU
GORTIBt (J71). The enemy destroyd bridges acrosa the HAYENNE River as
be retreated.

Upon securing crossings of the HAIENNE River from HAYENNE (Y77) to

LAVAL (Y64), the Army was directed by Twelfth U.S. Army Group to advance
from the line of the HAYENNE River to secure the crossings of the SARTHE
River from ANGERS (087) to LE HAMS (746) and to be prepared to push
strong armored forces in the direction of the ORLEANS (F62) - PARIS
NANTES (005) and ANGERS (087) were to be occupied and the
(S04) gap.
south flank of the Army was to be watched for possible enemy crossings
The reduction of BRITTANY was to be continued
over the LOIRE Elver.
with minimum forcee.

In the VIII Corpa zone the 6th Armored Division continued its rapid
advance through the BRITTANY Peninsula along two roads, leading elements
of Combat Command "A" reaching PLONEOUR (R30) and leading elements of
Combat Command "B" reaching LESNEVEN (Rll). Task Force "A" moved rapid
ly along the northern BRITTANY route with leading elements reaching the
The 4th Armored Division advanced to
vicinity of CHATELIUDREN (SOO).
The 83d Infantry Division continued its attack on
ward LORIENT (G72).
ST HALO (S71) against stubborn enamy resistance consisting in part of
mortar, automatic weapons, and 88mm fire. With the exception of the de
termined defense of ST HALO (871) enemy activity on the BRITTANI Penin
sula was confined to sniping and small sporadic delaying actions. ladications were, however, that BREST (799) waa being prepared for a deter
mined defense.
In
rapidly
eaat.
(135).

the IV Corps zone the advance toward LE HANS (746) progressed

with all major elements across the HAYENNE River and advancing
In the XI Corps zone major elements were assembled west of 7ITRE
The Xll Corpa continued to concentrate its major units.

Planea of the XIX Tactical Air Command kept the enemy away from the
advancing columns while attacking motor vehicles, gun positions and an
enamy headquarters. They performed fighter aweepa in the ST HALO (S71)
DIBAJI (179) area.

Aa the ground campaign entered upon a phase of encirclement planes

of the XII Tactical Air Command shifted the main weight of power to the
eastern front and the LOIRE Valley. Patrols still covered the AVRANCHES
(T21) corridor and fighter-bombers attacked tanks and other ground tar
gets ahead of the armored columns.

A* the raault of operations for the day Third U.S. Army units cap
tured 7ANNE!) (H10) with advances continuing to the east toward LE HANS
(746), south to LAVAL (164), southwest toward LORIENT (G72), west to
ward BREST (799), and north toward ST HALO (S71).

The forces Francaises de 1'Interieur occupied JUGOS (158) and ST

BRIEUC (S20) and were ordered to protect lines of communication.

6 AUGUST (D+6/)

Aa ths result of operations for the day armored spearheads raced

toward the major objectives of LE HANS (V46) to the east and BREST (799)
to the west, these two cities being 210 air miles apart.

Capabilities of the enemy aa estimated at this time were divided

Into thoae of BRITTAMT and thoae applying to the eastern front of 'the
Third U.S. Army. In BRITTtSY It was estimated the enemy would withdraw
to fortified ports while continuing sporadic resistance in the interior
On the eastern front of
of the peninsula to delay the Araqr's advance.
the Levy the enemy waa expected to combine a defense east of the HAIENNS
River with a counterattack In the HCDTAIH (T51) area with the Intent of
severing the Army's north and aouth foroea and make the latter untenable
lofletioally.

Twelfth U.S. Army Group and Advance Section Communicatlona Zone

were notified that arrival of eupplies by water transport in the west
would relieve pressure on shipment by land transport. With supply lines
lengthening rapidly, more truck companies were requested and the Ninth
U.S. Air force was aaked for air evacuation facilities in the vicinity
The Army was notified that 710 colored replacements
of RENNES 1Y05).
were being flown in to be attached to truck companies as extra drivers.
Approximately $1,000,000 worth of captured medical equipment was obtain
ed from the hospital at St. Vincent's College at RENNES (105).

1 total of 119 principal towns and & population nonwlly numbering

3,500,000 wre now included in tbs tormy*t zone of operatiooa.
Tb
French popl were reported orlng for their own refugee* Kith aose Any
assistance.
There was a scarcity of bread, naia Iten of French diet,
although the excellent wheat harreat underway was expected to alleviate
the lituation.
During the night the Xrry Head quart era at BI^UCHAMPS (T23). eleren
lies north of AVRASCHES (T21}, wen bombed and strafed. One stick of
boabs fell into an area of Headquarters Coapany, but caused neither cas
ualties nor damage.
Inaunition Depot Ho, 1 near GRANVIiJ-E (T13) was
bobed with a Ices of approximately 600 tons of ammunition.

T=^ r d r p q=Ea HSOF

(Hap for this date accompanies text)
The enemy situatitm continued fluid, his only aggressive resistance
being in the ST MALO Peninsula where Bines, booby traps, anti-tank obtaclee, and anti-tank frune nere In use.
The city of ^T kaLO (S71) was
reported to be barricaded and locka in ths harbor to be mined and pre|>ard for deaoiition.
Indications also pointed to a determined defense
tf 8RXST (F99) where among other troojTS there were an estimated 10,OOO
^io**. The enetty was alao reported tc have rained all road? out
(005) od to h7e circled that city with mines.
aNGERS (037)
" " '
mined.
Bridges across the lUTSOTf River in the
and MAYSKNE (f?7) were reported blown or mlrwd.

The Aray Conraancer verbally ordered the 12 Corps to ove one regiental coabat ta frcn the 5th Infantry Division to ANGERS OS?) , to
aove one infantry battalion froa the 5th Infantry Division to NANTES
t005) and to aove the 5th Infantry Division, lesa JetachnentB, Croft
south of YITRS (135) to the vicinity of SESRE (J5C).
He also ordered
th. corps to Bake plans far a possible attack ID the direction of SI
HILAlRi DD HASCCBH (1^0) - HJSSS (T32) In anticipation of a strong
hostile counterattack on AfRANClffiS (T21) .
The 2d French ArnM-ed Dlvlslon, the 35th Infantry Division, and th. SCUi Infantry Division were to
be used, with the 610th Tan* Destroyer Battalion and the 7C2d Tank Bat
talion attached.
The 5th Infantry Division was tc bo attached to the
XV Corps In the event the plan went into effect.
The Aroy Goosander ordered the 2d French Armored Division held in
th vicinity of ST JAM1S (YJ9), the 35th Infantry Division hH in the
vicinity of CT HILAIM DU HARCOVET IT40), and any conplet* arttll.ry
battalions not already moving to the new area wat of TltRE (155) to be
heM in the vicinity of SI HILAIRE DU HARCOUET (fAC).
He alerted am
regl3er:lal combat teaz froffi th 35th Infantry Division for a possible
f,t".;k tenant IICRTAIli' (T51) - BiRKNTO!! (TcO) to aeet n antlclpetad eneny counterattack in the directioo of WXTAI) (T51) - AVRANCKiS (121).
The III Corps was verbally ordered to move the 80th Infantry Divi
sion to the vicinity east of AVRAKCKiS (T21! atri to turn it over to th
=Corps.
In the nil Corps zone the 83d Infantry Division continued It* attc on ST KALO (671).
Lending sleawntl of Task Fere* "1*, enroute to
3RE5T ;9) , approchad KiRLAn (R4l).
The 6th Armored Division ad
vanced to the iEasdiite vicinity of EEUSST (V99), aeeting heavy artillery
fir*, the 4th Araored Division surrounded LCfUENT (G72),
Stubborn eney rusiiitarce continue.! at ST. HtLC (371), UKHST (072), and BREST
(V99) with supply linfs ir; the Interior of the panlnstili being harassed
b> is,->ited eneay ffroupp arxj snipers. Tactical air recormai stance indi
cated large fires in 5T, kAU: (S71) and LOSIEW (G72).
In the IV Gorjie z'-r.a IBAJ ~,r eleaer.ts advanced to a jxjint twelve
i. lisa west of l UANS (Vi6), Ui-) er.imf offering orjy Jelayl'iR actions to
obstruct theR RH he withdi'ew his foross oetst of the MAYa,N River
In the I3E Corps KOfU1 t,h 5t' Infantry Division had elements gener
ally along the lire SAMiS (005) - GtttTiJUBRUNT (J20) - ASGB (387)
t-^ protect t}i*e Array scuth f l^rJ< ,
The 3*>t,h Infantry Division b&4 advanced ts" the rlrtnlty cf BAREWON STW).
The JSIi Cor
Army uni tg frc' t,

c .rflnued its aselprssd Bisolon of novlnR Third

beaches t -, selected assembly areas.

O.S.

Ic- ee>, its increased ri5: -risibilities the III Tactical Air Coiraand
ay this tine r:<id raised its strength to nine full groupe of fighterbonbers,
Th* l-uftRsTs becaffiw nors aggressive and In a day cf flares
cosbst th:rty-tnree eneffiy aircraft were destroyed.
Participating in
tank bett-ea III Tactical pUnea in one attack claiaed destruction of
twelve tsnks and five staff cars.
Covar was contlnue-J for all CDl'jmn*
moving to the west, south and east.
Attacks *re made on ntty troop*
in BMTT4OT.

22

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In the VIII Corps zona preparations

The 2d Infantry
attack on BRJST (V99).
northeast of that city. Elements of the
Divlslcn at
Infantry
80th
the
of
elements

were still in process for an

Division closed into an area
S'Jd Infantry Division relieved
ANGEItS (08?).

Besides affording armored column coyer In the advance to the .east

and normal support In other zones, planas of the XIX Tactical Sir Com
mand dropped dalayed-fuze bombs at ferry slips along the SSINS Rlvar
Air reconnaissance reported
froi which the eneicy was trying to cross.
that the enemy wag moving out of PASIS (304).
With PITHVIER3 (W96) captured and the
Third U.S. Army continued its vicious attach
spearheads raced to the north and east.

SEDiE River crossed, the

on all fronts as armored

Quartermaster supplies for Third U.S. Amy began arriving in LandIng Ships Tank at 3T. ilCHEL 2N CREVE (R62) thirteen miles northeast of
ship
KCRIAIX (R41) but since they could not provide full ra^uirocenta
7o refrigerator trucks from
ments by truck and rail were continued.
Four hundred and
the blood bank were dispatched to the VJJI Corps,
ninety-six patients were evacuates by air from the REILLE (766) airstrip
three milea south of TUFFE (767),
Seventeen artillery liaison aircraft arrived free the
dom, the first guch replacements tc be received.

United Klng-

Increasing atrenpth and better organization of civilian governrent

ORLEANS (F62) and the
was found as the Third U.S. Army moved forward.
The Army Cocnsurrounding area were reported to be ably administered.
mander issued a letter to all troops emphasizing the extreme puniahnent
which had bean and would be imposed upon those coBfflitting crimes of vi
olence against civilians.
The Headquarters Forward 3ch9lon
miles southwest of CHARTR2S {H30}.

moved tc

HRCU (W17) twenty-two

21 AUGUST (D+76)
(Map for this date accompanies text)
Ac estimate of enemy strength was issued on this date, giving the
In the area bounded on the north by a line
following calculations:
DRSUX (R33) * RAV.BOUILL2T (R6) eaet to the SEINE River, on south by the
LOIRS SIvsr, and on w*t by a line BRSUX (833) - GHARTRSS (H30) ORIXAN3 (T62), there were five divisions with combat strength of 36,000
Berth of the DREUX (R33) - RAMmen and seventy-five to 100 tanks.
BOtniiST (R62) - SSIN2 River line were four divisions with approximately
south of the LDIRB River were an estimated
39,000 combat strength.
In northern France east of
three divisions with 22,000 combat troops.
the 3SIKX River and north of the UAHNK River were an estimated eight di
Sstimated to be In BELCIuV and available for
visions with 75.000 men.
ajaploimaat east of the S3IKB River in three or four days wire two di
visions with combat strength of 19,000 troops. In Holland and available
for employment east of the SEINE River in five to six days were three
In Denmark and available for em
divisions of 23,000 combat strength.
ployment east of the 3SDS River in ten days were three divisions with
35,000 combat strength, on* of these divisions having an estimated 150
From Norway the enemy was considered able to bring within four
tanks.
teen day*, nine divisions with 75,000 men for employment east of the

And in Germany available for employment east of the SEINE

SEIKS River.
River in fourteen days were estimated to be thirty-three divisions, with
of 307,QOO troops.
strength
combat
Capture of SENS (X66) was accomplished by the 4th Armored Division
in the XII Corps zone while the 35th Infantry Division after having cap
tured PITHiyTSRS (W96) continued eastward, elements of the division
reaching the vicinity of BCYK2S (106), six miles southeast of PITHIVI3RS
(K96). Only sporadic resistance was encountered.
In the XV Corps zone the 5th Ajmored Division continued its advance
northwest toward LOUVTERS (R8), meeting strong enemy Infantry and tank
opposition but reaching the vicinity of CHAMPBNARD (R37) eight mi lee
The ?9th Infantry Division continued to
northeast of EVSREAJtfX (R16).
hold its bridgehead across t'n SEINE Hiver northwest of &A$fI3 GASSICCUHT (R56), The enemy at this point changed his air activity from an
almost exclusive night operation to daylight es well, repeatedly attack
ing in the vicinity of the SEINE crossing, bombing, strafing, and firing
rockets. Anti-aircraft artillery beat off the attacks and there was no
Sixty enemy planes were claimed aa shot down.
damage to the bridge.
In the XX Corps zone against strong enemy opposition 1TAMFES (H89)
Armored
The 7th
was captured a&a held against a local counterattack.
Division moved Into ASPAJOS (R91) northeast of STAMPES (W89) despite ememy resistance and elements reached the vicinity of RAJ.3CUII1T (R62).
In the VIII Corps zone final preparations were made for the attack
on BREST (V99). The 29th Infantry Division passed to Corps control from
First U.S. Army and began moving toward BREST (TO9).

French resistance forces were directed to protect the bridges at

MEUJU (320) and KCKTSRSAU (Gil). Ssemy artillery intermittently shelled
ORLEANS (?6E) during th day, from positions south of the LOIR2 River.
Principal results of the day's operations were the capture of the
important cities of S2NS (X66) and ETAMFE3 (W89) while armored spear
heads continued penetration to the north and east.
A. supply plan for future operations was prepared, stating in seven
points the following reconnendations: that Third U.S. Army be relieved
of the responsibility of supply and evacuation of the VIII Corps end its
attached units in BRITTANY; that in the event VII Corps (First U.S.
Anny) was substituted for XV Corps, all Third U.S. Army supporting
troops with XV Corps revert to this Army for support of VII corps; that
aviation groups be attached to this Army for construction of airstrips
for evacuation and supply; that necessary railway operating and con
struction battalions follow closely behind the Ajmy to provide speedy
rail transportation; that minimum dally tonnages for supply and main
tenance, leas any buildup for reserves, be estimated at 5,OOO long tons
per day; that additional truck companies be attached to the Army; anfl
that the operation could be supported provided the main effort for sup
ply and evacuation by Communications Sone and ita Advance Section In
cluding movement of supplies by motor, rail, and air, ba dirsotM toward
the Third U.S. Army's advance route. Class II supplies were badly seed-

37

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large quantities of clothing, Individual equipment,

4 by thl date,
water can*, cleaning and preserving materials, and tentage were request
ed ahlpped by rail and air. Acute shortage of operating part* for med
ium and hoary caliber weapons was reported In all corps.
A surrey showed that 186,835 refugees were In the Army's zone of
operations but were being taken ear* of chiefly by the Freneb under
elTil affaire supervision. Arrangements were made to furnish dlesel oil
for tractors harvesting crops in BRITTANY.
During the day the Honorable ROBERT P. PATTERSON, tJnder-Seeretary
of War, and LHUTBNANT CMJEKAL BRBHON B. SOU&I7XLL, Commanding General
of the Service* of Supply, visited Army Headquarters.

22 AUGUST (D + 77)
There ware aome indications that the enemy might be planning a
atand In the Tlcinlty of FOHTAIHEBLEAD (129) where considerable troop
concentration was noted and road* weat of that city being reported
Bridges north of VERSAILLES (R83)
mined and oorered by anti-tank guns.
In the Ticlnlty south of ORLEANS (F62) there were
wen reported blown.
reports of considerable troop, rail, and motor traffic, Indicating a
possible plan for a counterattack against the Amy's flank at that
point
Heavy fighting took place In the XII Corps zone between the 35th
Infantry Division and the enemy in the vlolnlty of liONTARGIS (224).
Combat Command *B* of the 4th Armored DlTlslon encircled this area pre
paring to attack the town from the rear to clear out enemy concentra
tions in that rleinity.
In the XT Corps zone the 9th Armored dlTlslon adTanced to the
northwest d**pit frequent and heavy attacks from enemy armor and ar
It was estimated that sixty
tillery fire from across the SEINE Direr.
tanks and elements of three Panzer divisions were thrown against the dirislon at this point. The 79th Infantry Division held its bridgehead at
KAMTES CASSICOURT (R66) against an enemy counterattack.
TOHTAHBBLEH) (129) was reached by the 5th Infantry Division in the
XX Corps zone as the division drove toward MONTBBMJ (Gil). The 7th Arored Division entered HELUN (320). The enemy fought rear guard actions
while continuing to withdraw his forcee east of the SEINE and TONNE
Hirers.
Combat Command "A" of the 6th Armored Division, Till Corps, assem
bled in the vicinity of LANDBRNEMJ (H10) while preparing to move to LCHTask Force "B" was formed for the purpose of clearing the
HHT (072).
The
DAOULAS Peninsula (W19) and attacking the CROZON Penlneula (798).
force was composed of Task Force "A", the 38th Regimental Combat Teem,
the 90th Armored Infantry Battalion, Battery A of the 777th Anti-air
craft Artillery Battalion, Company A of the 68th Tank Battalion, and the
174th Field Artillery Croup. The ST. HALO (S71) - DIKARD (371) area wee
The 29th Infantry Division from First 0.3. Army contin
being secured.
ued morlng toward BREST (799).
Plane* of the XIX Tactical Air Command in addition to providing
support for columns of the 5th and 7th Axnored Divisions bagged twenty
eircraft.

QM

Results of operations for the day showed rapid advances being made
toward the major objectives of MELUN (S20), LOCVIESS (R28) and TROYZ3
(127), while reinforcing of the BREST (V99) area continued.
Communications zone was notified that tonnage scheduled for this
Azny had not been delivered and was requested to extend the air lift allotnent for ten day* after 25 August to meet a critical supply situa
tion. Signal supplies were supplemented at this time by the receipt of
equipment from the United Kingdom with four truck companies, plus dis
Two
covery of 300 miles of German wire in a cave near CHARTRES (R30).
instances of sabotage on signal line* In the vicinity of TOTES (W48)
Ten tons of German medical equipment were captured at
were discovered.
ORLEANS (F62), fifteen tone at DHEOX (B33) and twenty tons at FONTAINEBLEAU (X29).

23 AUGUST (D+78)
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24 AUGUST (D +79)

troops) was directed, upon securing a bridgehead at NOGENT SUR SEINE

(X89), to move on Army order within Its zone to seize and secure a
bridgehead in the vicinity of REIMS (T37).

In the III Corps ion* the 4th Armored Division continued its ad
vance to the east.
Th 35th Infantry DiTiaion reached the vicinity of
COURTENAI (154) southwest of SENS (X66).
Elsewhere in the zone scat
tered skirmishes took place. The enemy continued his general withdrawal
to the northeast, east, and southeast.
Reports from south of the LOIRE
Hirer indicated that enemy forces in that sector were drifting east in
an effort to join the first Carman Army.

In the Army Commander's order it was also stated that prior to

reaching the line REIMS (T37) - CHALONS SDR MARNE (T54) - VITRI LE
FRANCOIS (T61) the XV Corps would probably enter the Third U.S. Army
zone to operate on the north. Anticipating this, the Army Commander di
rected that XV Corps when so committed seize and secure a bridgehead in
the vicinity of REIMS (T37).
XX Corps was directed in this event to
seize and secure a bridgehead in the vicinity of CHALONS SUR NARNE (T54J
and XII Corps was directed to seize and secure a bridgehead In the vi
cinity of Vim LE FRANCOIS (T61).
A change in direction to the east
would be necessary and new boundaries would be prescribed.

In the XX Corps zone the 5th Infantry Division continued to ad

vance, crossing the SEINE River and occupying MONTEREAU (Gil).
The 7th
Armored Division crossed the SEINE and captured MELUN (S20).
Enemy ar
tillery shelled the bridge under construction at FONTAINEBLEAU (X29).
In the VIII Corps
the next day.

zone plans were prepared to attack BREST (V99)

Although bad weather restricted the XIX Tactical Air Command in its
activities during the day missions were flown over targets along the
LOIRE River between ORLEANS (F62) and TOURS (P76) and air cover was af
forded th 7th Armored Division and the 5th Infantry Division.
The Army Commander directed the XX and XII Corps to execute Plan
"B" of the directive issued 23 August but to be prepared to execute Plan
"A" on Army order.
Results of operations showed that the rapid advance was continuing
on the Army's front with the major objective of MELUN (320) captured and
the SEINE River being bridged in several places.
The newly designated French Commander of the PARIS (S04) area, Gen
eral JOSEPH R. KOENIO, visited Army Headquarters while enroute to take
his post.
On request of Twelfth U.S. Army Group a small group of officers and
enlisted men from the Public Relations Section ware ordered to PARIS
(S04) to assist Third U.S. Army war correspondents there in the handling
of their news articles and photographs upon the fall of the city, ex
pected shortly.

25 AUGUST (D +80)
Orders for further action by the XII and XX Corps were issued by
the Army Commander to carry out the Army mlaslon of seizing and securing
a bridgehead along the line REIMS (T37) - CHALONS SDR MARNE (T5i) - VITRI LE nURCOIS (T61).
XII Corps (4th Armored Division, the 35th In
fantry Division, the 80th Infantry Division, and supporting troops) upon
securing a bridgehead at TROXSS (127) waa directed to move on Army or
der within its zone to seize and secure a bridgehead in the vicinity of
CHALONS SIX MAENE (154) and to protect the Army south flank, using ad
equate force to hold the line ORLEANS (F62) - MONTARGIS (124) - SENS
(166) - TBOY.ES (127) Inclusive. XX Corps (7th Armored Division, the 5th
Infantry Division, the 90th Infantry Division attached, and supporting

42

In the XII Corps zone Combat Command "A" of the 4th Armored Divi
sion captured TROIES (127) after strong fighting in the streets. Com
bat Command "B" reached the vicinity of AUION (115) after capturing ST.
FLORENTIN (104). Reserve Combat Command reached VILLIENEUVE L'ARCHEVEQtJE (X86) following on a road between Combat Commands "A" and "B". The
35th Infantry Division continued its advance to the east with elements
reaching the vicinity of JOIOKI (X74), while remaining elements follow
ed after mopping up scattered enemy in the MONTARGIS (X24) area. The
enemy continued withdrawal to the northeast, east, and southeast and
considerable north-aouth traffic was observed between TROYES (127) and
BAR SUR SEINE (155).
In the XX Corps zone the 5th Infantry Division established and se
cured two bridgeheads across the SEINE, one in the vicinity of MONTEREAU
(Gil) and the other at MIS! SUR IONNE (X58) seven miles southeast at
MONTEREAO (ail). The enemy resisted stubbornly around the northern en
trance of MELUN (S20) and the eastern out-skirts of the city where ex
tensive minefields covered by automatic weapons, mortars, and anti-tank
guna were encountered.
In the VIII Corps zone an attack was launched against BREST (V99)
at 1300 hours with the 2d, 8th, and 29th Infantry Divisions and Task
Force "B" engaged. This attack, preceded by an hour's artillery prep
aration, progressed slowly against wall fortified positions. The build
up of the attack bad the 8th Infantry Division attacking from the north,
the 29th Infantry Division attacking from the west, the 2d Infantry Di
vision attacking on the left flank of the 8th Infantry Division from the
northeast, and Task Force "B" attacking from the seat in ths Peninsula
southeast of BREST (V99).
The XIX Tactical Air Command coordinated air support with the VIII
Corps attack on BREST (V99) and in engagements throughout the Third U.S.
Army zone destroyed 127 enemy aircraft, claimed eleven probables, and
damaged thirty-three others, the most successful day's kill since be
coming operational.
In operations for the day the Army captured the major objective of
TROJES (127), while approximately 300 miles to the west at the other end
of the Army's zone the attack on BREST (V99) was launched. Bridgeheads
across the SEINE were consolidated while armored spearheads continued to
push to the east.

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In the XII Corpa zone Combat Command "A" of the 4th Armored Divllon reached the vicinity east of ST. DIZIER (T90] while Combat Command
"B" reached PERTHES US BRIXNKK (T68) four miles north of BRIIMNB IX
CHATEAU (Y68) eeit of TROYS (T27). The 39th Infantry Division attacked
to the southeast, elements reaching a point approximately seventeen
miles north Of CHATILLON STO SEWS (H62J .
Headquarters of the XT Corp* and corps troopa closed into assembly
ana In the vicinity of HANOI3 (340).
In the XX Corps zone the 7th Aimored Division launched an attack
toward 7ZRDUH (U26) with elements driving to an area about fifteen miles
southwest of that historic fortified city, meeting scattered resistance.
The 90th Infantry Division continued to secure the bridgehead north of
The 5th Infantry Divi
the BARNE River In the vicinity of RUMS (T37).
sion concentrated its elements Just east of REIMS (T37) preparatory to
continuing its drive to the east*
In the VIII Corps zone the attack on BREST (V99) continued. Task
Force "B* completed the clearing of the DAOULAS Peninsula south of the
city, while other elements of the Force advanced to a point approximate
ly ten miles from CBOZON (T98) in clearing the CHOZOH Peninsula. Ele
ments of the 83d Infantry Division made preparations for assaulting ILS
Dl CSZSUSKS (371), three miles north of ST. MAM (371), a small Island
off the coast still held by the enemy.
the third day of poor flying weather kept all XIX Tactical Air ConHand planes on the ground, with the exception of two weather reconnais
sances.
Results of the day's operations showed the capture of the DAOULAS
Peninsula south of BUST (V99) in the west, while in the east two corps
abreast continued to drive relentlessly toward the German border.
Twelfth 0.3. Army Group notified Third U.S. Army that there would
be no gasoline available for It in appreciable amounts until 3 Septem
ber. The shortage of gasoline was desperate, 400,000 gallons being re
quested for the day's delivery and only 31,975 gallons being received.
All supply points were dry and unit loada were fast disappearing. The
shortage made necessary the establiahnsnt of priorities for movement of
Among actions taken to alleviate the gasoline shortage
medical units.
was an Increased tonnage by Red Ball truck transport at the expense of
It was planned to use bombers in
a like tonnage of Class I supplies.
place of transport plenes to haul supplies, the latter having been
called off the eupply lift for tactical operations.
The Headquarters Forward Icbelon moved to IA CHAUME (H82) thirteen
miles northeast of SINS (166).

31 AUGUST (D+86)
(Map for this date accompanies text)
In the XII Corps zone the 4tb Armored Division continued its rapid
attack to the east, Combat Coonand "A1* reaching and occupying the high
ground east of the KfflJSZ River in the vicinity of ST. MIBHL (U43) and
Combat Coranand "3" reached the vicinity of JOIN7ILLECOHtffiCY (U42).
The 80th Infantry Division advanced to the east
K1I-VALLACE (Z08).
reaching the vicinity of BAH-IS-DUC (012).

XT Corps continued concentrating in the vicinity of NANOIS (340).

VBRDON (U26) fell to Oomnat Conmand "A" of the 7th Amored Divteion
in the XX Corps zone and the division established a bridgehead while
Combat Command "B" moved to EIX (U36), four and a half miles eaat of
7ERDON (U26), and Reserve Combat Contend reached the vicinity of CHSPPY
(U07), one mile east of VARMES (U07) approximately twelve miles north
west or VSRDBN (U26). The 5th Infantry Division also reached the vicin
The 90th Infantry Division remained in the vicin
ity of 7ERDUN (U26).
ity of REIMS (T37).
In the Till Corps zone the attack on BREST (799) and the CROZON
Peninsula (793) continued while elements of the 83d Infantry Division
and corps troops prepared to assault the ILS BE C3ZSUBRE (371) three
miles north of ST. MALO (S71).
Despite poor flying weather the XIX Tactical Air Command flew armed
reconnaissance In the MBTZ (USB) area and attacked ground targets in
cluding motor vehicles, tanks, and gun positions In various corps zones.
With TERDUS (TJS6) captured Third U.S. Army now occupied the line
VERDUN (U26) - COMMaiCY (U42) - ST. MIHm, (U43) and awaited orders for
further advance.
Supply problems continued to be severe as the month closed. The
Army had no Class III reserve supplies since adequate operational re
No gasoline shipments
quirements had not been received in reoent days.
The Amy was notified that, less Till
were received during the day.
Corps, its allocation of supplies of all classes would be 2,000 long
tons, as against a recommended 7,916 long tons.
Strength of the Army was reported by the 5-1 Section to be 346,208.
A recapitulation of operations for the month, as viewed from the
five phase standpoint, showed the following facts:
In BRITTANY the Amy's sweep through the peninsula caught the enemy
completely by surprise and with forces inadequate to cope with the tac
tical situation. Be was compelled to withdraw into the fortified ports
of 3T. HALO (S71), BREST (V99), LOBIENT (072) and ST. HAZAIBS (056), and
by the end of the month ST. MALO (371) had been captured and the other
three ports were being contained. The daring strategy employed in over
running BRITTANY blocked the enemy from moving his reserves from south
of the LOIRS River in time to be connltted in BRITTANY.
The eeoond phase was the ARCENTAN (trail - TAIAISE (013) - MORTAM
(T51) encirclement. The enemy made his first attempt at a counteratteok
in force against the Army in the MORTAH (T51) area, committing a foroe
of armor, infantry, and artillery supported from the air In strength ill
a violent, determined drive toward the channel coast at AVRANCHXS (T21).
After three days' effort he withdrew when threatened with complete en
circlement and made a mass withdrawal to the east, counterattacking
locally the shoulders of the Army's encircling column in a desperate
Be sustained tremendous
attempt to keep open a corridor of escape.
losses in personnel and equipment while extricating a considerable por
tion of his forces from the AROEHTAN (021) pocket.

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UTF
orations of Third D. 3. Amy as they developed during September
nt an abrupt change aa the hiatDry-making paoo of the Army*a Au
gust advance was slowed, making necessary a type of warfare considerably
different from that employed during the first thirty-one days of Contin
ental action. At the beginning of the month it was apparent that, whatTer the cause, an acute shortage of gasoline was seriously Impairing
the Army'a mobility. Subsequently came other supply shortages, plus an
*awo? build-up and steadily worsening weather condition*. By the end of
September Third 0. 3. Army had gone from am offensive to a defensive
status, ae vill be shown in detail.
Th* campaign during the month can be considered from four phases:
first, the slowing of the Army's offensive, whereupon a fleeing and
badly beaten essay turned around at the German border and occupied the
MGSELI2 River line; second, the battle in which the esassy fought desper
ately to prevent creasing a of the UDSELXJt and MffURTHR Rivers, and
launched counterattacks against the north and south flanks of Third 0.3,
Army; third, developments along the flanks; and fourth, termination of
the Army's activities in the BRITTANY Peninsula.
Each of these phases
is summarized in greater detail at the close of the chapter.

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SN

Klements of the 8M Infantry Division launched an attack against

the ILE DE CBZEMBRlt off ST MALO (S71). Other elements of the 83d Infan
try DiTiaiOQ continued to protect the south flank of the Army as far
Bouth as ORLEANS (F62), while Combat Connnand "B" of the 6th Aimored Di
vision continued moving along the north tank of the LOIRE Hirer to the
east, clearing pockets of enemy resistance enroute. Combat Command "A"
Of the 6th Armored Division contained LORIBNT (072)
In the XII Corps zone Combat Command "A" of the 4th Armored Divi
sion held the high ground east of the MEUSfi River in the vicinity of 3T
IttHISL (043) - COMMKRCY (U42), while Combat Command "B" crossed the ri
ver In tho Ticinlty of CHAIAINSS (U50) ten miles southwest of TOUL [U61)
nd occupied tn high ground In that area.
The 80th Infantry Division
crosMd the MBUSE River in the vicinity of COMMERCY (U42J and reached
the high ground eaat of ST MIHTSL (U43) - COMMERCY (U42).
The Sd Cav
alry Group pushed reconnaissance elements to the general line MIIffiCOURT
(Z86) - NANCY (U81) - PONT-A-UOUSSQN (U73).
IT Corps concentrated in the vicinity of NANGIS (340).
In the XX
Corps zone the 7th Annored Division secured a bridgehead over the MEUSB
River at VSRDUN (U26), while the 5th Infantry Division advanced to the
tloinlty of CHSPFT (U07) twelve mileo west of VERDUN (U26).
m Tactical Air Command provided close support to elements of
the Till Corps attacking BREST (799), to Task Force "B" attacking In the
QPIMPER (W15) and CROZON (798) Peninsulas, and to elements of the XII
and XX Corps, while conducting fighter sweeps and armed reconnaissance
in the area RBBS3 (T37) - VERDUN (U26) - CHAUMONT (Z05).
Aircraft flew
492 sorties during.the day, which waa featured by the destruction of
eleven enemy planes confirmed, ail probables and twelve damaged. Thirty
three locomotives, 130 tanks and armored vehicles and 817 motor trans
ports were damaged or destroyed in the day's activities.
Elements of tha Third U.S. Army seourod bridgeheads at ST MIHIEL
(U43) - COKUSHCY (U42) and VERDUN (U26) in operations during the first
day of the month*
The supply situation was critical, especially as to Class III sup
plies, since transportation facilities had not kept pace with the rapid
ly lengthening supply line. This caused a strict rationing policy to be
placed In effect.
Class I supplies on hand were adequate for mainten
ance plus a small reserve.
Twelfth U.S. Army Group allocated 2,000
ton* of supplies daily to the Third U.S. Army (tonnwge for the VIII
Corps was not included in this total), 5,000 tons daily to the First
U.S. Army, and the remainder available for transport equally to Third
and First U.S. Annies.
Daily requirements of the Third U.S. Army were
estimated to ba approximately 5,50O tone, including 450,000 gallons of
gasoline and 10,000 gallons of diesel, plus balanced quantities of oils
and greases.
The requirements became greater as divisions were added.
The daily request wag for 1,050,000 gallons of gasoline, but receipts
amounted to only 110,600 gallons.
Rations on hand totaled 592,568, all
of the operational typa, and unit reserves were intact. Thus it was de
cided to reduce ration shipments to 500 tons daily for 2, 3, and 4 Sep
tember and increase daily gasoline requisitions to 1,500 tons, less
diesel, for Class III supplies.

62

On this date the Twelfth U.S. Army Group

the Central Croup of Armies.

officially waa designated

A medical gas treatment battalion arrived fully-equipped In the

Third U.S. Army assembly area, making a total of three such battalions
available to the Army.
Engineers continued a study of crossings of the RHINE River and
stream crossings between the SEINB and RHINE Rivers*
Reproduction of
topographic maps covering the SIEGFHIBD Line In front of the Third U.S.
Army was begun.

2 SEPTEMBER (D + 88)
The enemy was reported cleared from north of the LOIRE River be
tween SAUMJR (PIS) and TOURS (P76) and from ANGERS (087) to ORLEANS
(762), and made scattered contact along the HI Corps front.
VIII Corps (the 2d, 8th, 29th, and 83d Infantry Divisions, the
6th Armored Division and supporting troops) was directed by tho Army
Commander to extend the area of its responsibility to include UCN3ARGXS
(124), utilising Combat Command "B" of the 6th Annored Division* Combet
Command "B" was to keep contact with the 83d Infantry Division on th*
west and the 35th Infantry Division on the east.
In the VIII Corps zone
strong enemy resistance.

the attack on BREST (V99) continued against

In the ill Corps zone the 4th Annored Division continued to hold
the high ground east of the MEUSB River in the vicinity of 3T MIHUl
(U43) - CCWORCY (U42).
The 36th Infantry Division remained in posi
tions protecting the Army south flank, while the 80th Infantry Division
maintained its hold on the high ground east of the WEU3S River ID th*
vicinity north of C01WSRCY (U43),
The Ed Cavalry Group continued pa
trolling along the MOSSLLfi River in the vicinity of NANCY (U81).
XV
(340).

Corps continued

its

concentration

in the

vicinity of HANGI3

In the XX Corps zone the 7th Armored Division secured its bridge
head east of the HEU3E River with elements at ETAIN (U4?) - AMBLY (U34)
and VERDUN (U26). The 5th Infantry Division outposted VERDUN (U26) with
elements northeast and southeast of the town.
The 3d Cavalry Croup pa
trolled along the M038LLE River near METZ (U85).
The 90th Infantry Di
vision remained in the vicinity of REIMS (T37).
The Forces Francaises de 1'Interieur continued to attack and harass
the enemy in the BAUTJI MARNE and LOIRS ET CHER areas.
XIX Tactical Air Command gave support to units of the VIII Corpa
attacking BREST (V99), to Task Force "B" attacking in the CROZON Penin
sula (V98) and to major elements of the XII, XV, and XX Corps, while
conducting armad reconnaissance to the German frontier. In 164 sorties
the Command claimed forty-seven railroad cars, 106 motor transports,
seven locomotives and seven tanks and armored vehicles destroyed or da
maged.

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Planes of the m Tactical Air Oonmand provided cloae support to

anits of the Till Corya attacking mtst (799) and to Task Force "B"
attacking in the OSOZOH peninsula, Close support was given to the XII
and XX Corps and srnad reecnnaiaaance we conducted up to the Cermem
border. Wghter bombers flew thirty-eight missions with S10 sortiea but
found few targets. Fourteen railroad ears and forty-five ollltary in
stallations were damaged or destroyed.

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Bridgeheads, with aotiva reconnaissance to the east during the period.

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Tbs Central Group of Armies officially became twelfth U.S. Amy

Qroup.
tte Army was seriously hanpsrad hy the ahortage of gasoline. Many
supporting units including all field artillery, were maobiliMd, In
tli Hi corps xone aovsswwt waa restricted and in the XT Corps zone ac
tivity was liulted to anall patrols. As the airfield at XEOK (R?) was
operational for the reeeipt of supplies, a request * nade that gaaolina be shipped there, aina tonnage alloaationa of tho An>y ware not
arriving by other swans of transportation. The dally refusal wa f,-r
B90.OOO gallons of gasoline, of which 49,830 gallon* were received.
Engineer* in the neactim began a terrain study of western
tc determine Its suitability for nethaBixed op<

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IX Corps launched an attack to the east against stiff enemy resiatanoe to foroa crossings over the KISKTilrK Hirer north and south of sKTZ
(085). Elements of the 9Otb Infantry Division advanced from REIMS (137)
The 5th Infantry Division
to an araa northeast of VERDOH (026).
attacked to the east, with the 2d Infantry reaching the vicinity of BDZI
(1156), twelra ml lea east of VHUOTT (U26) the 10th Infantry In the Tlolnity of FRSSMS (H20), seven alias south of tOHMStRg (H21) and tha llth
Infantry In the vicinity of ttWCOORT (U66) two miles aoutheast of COITLOS (066).
The Foroea Fraacaisee da 1'lntarieur olaared out tha northern part
of tha IORHB department and continued to disrupt tha withdrawal aotivitiaa of tha enemy.
Flying 389 aorties In thirty-one missiona, the III Tactical Air
Coajaand dropped 108 napalm tanks on enemy Installations and troops, the
hsavieat concentration of thaaa tanks since the Coaaaod became opera
Among other claims during the day were nineteen railroad lines
tional.
cut, thirty-one gun installations and forty-six military Installations
daaagad or destroyed.
la the result of operations for the day the Third U.S. Amy resumed
Its advance to tha aast toward the heavily fortified oltiea of MHZ
(085) and HAHCI (081) in ALSACE-LORRAINE with the enemy offering strong
resistance.
The gasoline situation continued to improve as the air lift began
at tha REIMS (T37) airstrip, where 70,250 gallons of gasoline were re
ceived. Of 560,000 gallons of gasoline requested on this date, 275,720
gallon* ware received.

In tha II Corpa xone the 7th Armored Division crossed the MSDSE
Combat Command "I" of tha
River and advanced toward the HOSKLLI River.
7tb Armored Division moved In two columns to tha vicinity of ROmSAS
(D87), tan miles east of COHFLAE (D66), on tha north, and ST PM7ATLl-MONTAGNE (U76), eight miles northwest of METZ (085), on the south.
Coobat Command "B" also moved in two columns and reached the river in
the vicinity of DORflOT (1175), five Biles southwest of MHZ (1)85). Tha
90th Infantry Division closed in an area near FOAXSIX (047), two riles
northweet of BIAIH (U47), while the 5th Infantry Division continued to
force crossings of the MOSELLE River against very stiff eneoy resis
tance.
the Forces Francaiaea de I'lnterieur continued guerilla actiona
against strong enemy resistance in the vicinities of HAuTE-MARKE,
mEURTHE B MOSELLE, SISVM, and TOSBSS, whare 200 Haquia were killed in
The enemy was cleared from the department of AOKE with several
action.
thousand prisoners taken, including two generals.
The 111 Tactical Air Command continued its heavy pressure on the
enemy with 416 sorties in thirty-seven missions. Claims for the day in
cluded seventy-five motor tranaports, thirty-two gun Installations, and
twenty-seven military Installations damaged or destroyed.
Tha
Artillery ammunition shortages baoama increasingly critical.
XX Corpa had a fair supply but the XII Corpa was vary short of all types
of artillery ammunition and fusea.
The gasoline shortage was alleviated by air and rail shipments of
358,840 gallons, of which 58,605 gallons were received in the first air
shipment to RHIHEVILLI (Q42).

=VO
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S= pbmqbj _ bo=
In the III Corps zone tha enemy held a line along the MOEKLLE River
and resisted at CHADMOlff (204) - KOFCHAMAU (Z47) and in the vicinity
The enemy was entrenching In
of IUHCI (081) - PONT-i-MODSSOH (073).
considerable strength at QRH7SLOTTE (U?5) in the XX Corps zone, but
French civilians reported little troop activity along the SIEOHUED
Una.
Ill Corpa continued its attack to gain a bridgehead over the
Against strong enemy resistance and continuous counter*
BOSELLK Rlvar.
attacks the elements of the 8Oth Infantry Division which were across the
MDSELLK River were withdrawn. The 317th Infantry remained in the vicin
ity of BLDOD (073), one mile south of PCST-i-laOOSSCS (U73), while the
318th Infantry reached the vicinity of BELLEVILLE (072) and the 319th
Infantry occupied a line from the vicinity of OONDHEVILLK-SOR-mOSELLE
(071) four mllea northeast of TOOL (061) to VILLJ3-LE-SBC (070), three
The 35th Infantry Division continued to pro
miles east of TOOL (061).
tect the south flank of the Army while the 4th Armored Division remained
In positions east of the ItEOSE River.
In tha XV Corpa zone the 79th Infantry Division continued to aove
to an assembly area ID the vicinity of REIMS (T37).

SS

T= pbmqbj _ bo=Ea JJVPF

In the XII Corps zone the enemy continued to hold a general line
CHAOHONT (Z04) - HEOFCHATKAO (247) - 1URECOOST (Z86) and north along the
MOSELLE River. In the XX Corpa zone the eneny defended the aast bank of
the MOSELLE River.
IB the XII Corps zone the 80th Infantry Division continued attack
ing against flare* resistance to drive bridgeheads across the UOSXLU
River. The 319th Infantry secured a bridgehead across tha river in tha
vicinity of OOHDIBTILLS-SDR-MOaBIll (071) four miles northeast of TOOL
35th
(061) - VILLR-IZ-3IC (070), three miles east of TOUL (061).
Infantry Division prepared to move east towaro MKCT (U81) and its 134th
Tbe 4th KlInfantry moved to an area northeast of mUTCHATKALI (ZB7).
surea Division remained In position east of the KSL'SI River.
aaeauaa of tha wide oorpa froBtaga, tha XII Corpa established two
corps artillery fire direction centers, one operating in rear of the
north elements of tha aorpa and the other In rear of tha south ele
ments.

The XII Corps attached on* 105 howltur battalion to the 2d Cavalry
Group operating in advance of the corps with a mission to push on to
In one instance this force encountered and attacked an
IIHIETIIIX (709)
enemy column, the cavalry attacking the frcnt of the column and the ar
tillery firing upon ite rear. This combination destroyed thirty-six
enemy vehicles and inflicted heavy casualties.
Ths XT Corps prepared to more to a concentration ana south and
east of TROTHS (T27). The 3d French Armored Division started iti movenent from PAH IS (304) to an area in the vicinity of BAH-30R-AUBS (T76).
The 78th Infantry Division, less one oonbat teem, nored into an area
south of BUMS (T37) and continued increment south to the Ticinity of
JOIWIIIi-ra-ViLLAal (ZOS) and moTXS (T27), preparing to relieve ele
ments of the 39th Infantry Dlrieion which were protecting the south
flank of the Any. The other combat tea of the 79th Infantry DiTision
wa anroute from the First U.S. Any to vicinity of JOIHTH1S-IN-VAIIAOS
(Z08).
In the XX Corps zone the 5th Infantry DiTision, fighting against
increasing enemy resistance, advanced toward the HOSEU2 Hirer with the
2d Infantry In the Ticinity of 7KRHXVILLK (U76), ten miles northwest of
IBTZ (use), and the llth Infantry in the vicinity of CORNY (tf74). seven
miles southwest of UETZ (U85). Elements of the division forced a crosslac of the river in the vicinity of COUNT (074) and were followed over
by elements of the 7th Armored Division. The 90th Infantry Division re
pulsed strong enemy counterattacks from the north and continued Ite ad
vance to the MOSKU2 River, reaching a line from ADDUN (066) to BRUT
(U77), with the 35th Infantry in the vicinity of roAlfflix (U47), two
lies northwest of ITAIB (U47), cleaning up pockets of enemy resistance.
Hundreds of Germans were killed and over 1,OOO prisoners taken in
the ARDUOUS (O80) sector by the Forces Franealses de 1'Interleur, while
1,800 resistance troops and AWBRICAR elements who had been ordered to
occupy CHATIUJOH (060), nine miles northwest of ICZAHCT (W9), took 200
prisoners and killed 100 Germans.
The HI Tactical Air Command flew 238 sorties in sixteen missions
In the day's operations with 132 motor transports destroyed and 310
horse-drawn vehicles, eleven gun Installations and eleven military In
stallations damaged or destroyed during the day.
Elements of ths Tnlrd U.S. Army forced crossings over the MOBHUg
River in the vicinity of COUNT (074), eeven miles southwest of UETZ
(U85), and continued the ettaok toward the German border during the
period.
For the first time in September receipts of Cless III supplies ex
ceeded the requests as the first rail shipment of gasoline arrived at
SOMW30DS (T4E). Delivery of approximately 00,000 gallons of gasoline
helped to build up the unit reserves but still left receipts for the
month 2,856,000 gallons short of requests.

U= pbmqbj _bo =Ea =H=VQF

On the XII Corps front a captured enemy overlay showed a defensive
line with strong points at rJTHU, (70S) - NAKCT (TO1) - KHZ (DBS) TRXOtWTJUl (088) and a secondary line at SAABOOimD (IJS5) - HHSCH (0.7S)

WORTH (BOS) - STBASBODRO (109) - COIHAR (TTO). in the xx corps zone the

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The Third U.S. Army asked to be relieved of the responsibility for

accepting ttie surrender of a German general and 18,000 troops In ths
It was recommended that the Ninth U.S. Army perform
province of LOIRE.
this mission.
The Amy captured 2,600,000 pounds of frozen beef and 500,000
pounds of canned beef, property of the German Army, and Issue to front
Four medical ambulance companies and
line troops was started at once.
one field hosplts.1 were transferred from Third U.S. Amy to ths First
U.S. Amy.

NM= pbmqbj _bo =Ea =J=VSF

On the XII Corps front the enemy still held the MOSSIXE River line.
There was no change in the METZ (U65) area on the XX Corps front and
the enemy continued a determined resistance to expansion of the Third
U.S. Army bridgehead east of the UOSKLLZ.
The XV Corps (the 79th ana 83d Infantry Divisions, and the 3d
French Armored Division and supporting troops) was ordered to move
without delay to seize and secure a bridgehead east of the MOSELLE Ri
ver within its aone and to leave behind only minimum forces necessary
to cover the south flank from MONTAHGIS (X24) to CHAUKOST (Z05), Inclu
sive.
The enemy continued his stubborn resistance of the UCSELIZ River
line along the entire Third U.S. Army zone and improved his defensive
positions in the FORBT DE HAS (U70) area, three miles west of NANCY
(UB1).
XII Corps launched an attack to secure bridgeheads across the
The 35th Infantry Division succeeded in forcing two
IdOSELLE River.
battalions of the 134th Infantry aoroas the river in the vicinity of
TLAVTCNY (ZB9), eight miles south of NANCY (081), against heavy enemy
resistance, while the 137th Infantry advanced to the UOSELL3 River.
The 80th Infantry Division continued to push forward against increasing
Reserve Combat Command of the 4th Armored Division
enemy resistance.
moved to the vicinity of RUPFSS (Z56) ( nine miles northeast of NEOFCRATEAU (Z57), and Combat Command "B" moved to the vicinity of HAROUB
(Z88), fifteen miles south of NANCY (081).
The XV Corps launched an attack to secure the west bank of the
MOSILLE River in the vicinity of CHARMES (Z97) and SPINAL (705). The
79th Infantry Division advanced with the 313th Infantry In the vicinity
of OONDRECOURT (Z39), the 314th Infantry in the vicinity of BETTONCOURT
(Z89), four miles north of MIRECOURT (Z86), and the 315th Infantry In
the vicinity of CSRUAT (Z28) fifteen miles northwest of KEUTCHATEAU
(Z57). The Ed Trench Armored Division established contact with elements
of the First French Infantry Division, Seventh U.S. Army, in the vicini
ty of SOKBSRKCN (N75). This development, the culmination of the Seventh
U.S. Army's landing on the Mediterranean coast of France, placed a bar
rier of friendly troops between the Third U.S. Army's right (south)
flank and the enemy, assured the Supreme Command a continuous battleline
facing the German frontier, and trapped thousands of enemy troops behind
the Allied lines in southwestern France.
The 90th Infantry
In the XX Corps zone heavy fighting continued.
Division moved forward to the vicinity of TfllONVILLE (U88) with elements
of the division northwest and southwest of the city. Following a strong
enemy counterattack, the 5th Infantry Division withdrew some of the ele
ments of the llth Infantry from the east bank of the UOSKI1K River while
the 10th Infantry, less one reinforced company, fought its way across
the river In the vicinity of ARNAVILLI (U74), nine miles southwest of
MSTZ (UB5). Reserve Combat Cosnand of the 7th Armored Division edvanced
to the vicinity of VAUI (U75), four miles west of METZ (U85).

69

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TN

BEOFCHATEAO (Z57), VITTEL (265), and UGKASGE (Z87) fall to the

Third D.S. Army advance, while cither elements continued to secure end
enlarge the MOSELLE River bridgeheads.
The Army photo center opened In the vicinity of 3T DIZIKH (T90),
this being the first tine that It ms located within range of the 3CR
193 radio.
One artillery radio aet was thereupon established at the
officer's radio network operated for the first time as contemplated;
that IB, with one set each at the Army Ccmsand Post, the photo center
and each corps artillery command post. A Third U.S. Army air eraeuatlon
holding unit was opened at ETAIH (U47),
This was in accordance with
existing policy that the Amy set up these unite as far forward and as
soon as air strips beceme evailable. A reg.ueet waa made that the entire
air lift available to this Army be used to supply ammunition on which a
priority had been placed.

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D??D

Command "B" at VITTONVILLE (U7A), ten miles southwest of IIBTZ (U85),

while the remainder of the regiment advanced to the vicinity of REMBERCOURT (U64), fifteen miles southwest of METZ (U85). The llth Infantry
Regiment advanced to the vicinity of AUGNI (U85), three miles southwest
of METZ (U85). The 90th Infantry.Uivision continued to advance with the
forward elements of the 357th Infantry reaching AMANVILLERS (U76),
seven tulles northwest of METZ (U85), and the 359th Infantry attaining
positions in the vicinity of ROZEfilEULLES (U75), three miles west of
MEIZ (US5). Reserve Combat Command of the 7th Armored Division crossed
the MOSELLE River in the vicinity of ARNAVILLE (U7f), nine miles south
west of HEIZ (U85), and closed In an area in the vicinity of POMMERIEUI
Combat Command "B" of the 7th
(U84), seven miles south of METZ (U85).
Armored Division advanced south to the vicinity of VITTOHVILLE (074.),
ten miles southwest of MHK (U85). Combat Command "A" crossed the river
in the zone of Reserve Combat Command and advanced to the vicinity of
COIN SUR SEILLE (US4), six miles south of METZ (U85). This completed
the movement of the 7th Armored Division across the MOSELLE River.
In coordinated action with III Corps, 200 troops of the Forces
Prancaiaes de 1'Interieur assisted materially in the capture of NANCY
(U81) In the face of considerable enemy sniping activity.
Concentrating on enemy rail transportation, the Jtli Tactical Air
Command flaw 294 sorties in twenty-three missions during the day's oper
Claims for the day were twenty-two railroad lines cut, sixtyations.
two railroad cars, sixteen gun installations and eighteen military in
stallations damaged or destroyed,
The Important border city of NANCY (U81) was captured by the Third
U.S. Army while the advance to the east continued.
The Forward Echelon of Army Headquarters moved to a bivouac area
near BRAqUIf (C4b), eleven miles east of VERDUH (U26).
At VITTEL (Z65) were found 2,087 Allied nationals who had been in
Of
terned for four years in hotels surrounded by wire barricades.
these, 361 were U.S. citizens, 1,160 British and the remainder were of
Food from captured German stocks was
twenty-nine other nationalities.
sent to them.

NS= pbmqbj _bo =Ea =H NMPF

One of the significant enemy order of battle facts at this tine was
the identification in contact of four previously-reported administrative
divisions, one of which was committed in the Third U.S. Army zone. This
development indicated the extremes to which the enemy was going in seek
Prisoner of war statements indicated that theae divi
ing manpower.
sions, of strength estimated at not more than 6,000 men each, were com
posed of cooks, bakers, clerks and other normally non-combatant ele
ments. Several new sub-standard Panzer and infantry divisions also were
The disclosure at this time of VON RUMDSTEDT'S restoration
identified.
as Supreme Commander of the enemy forces in the west was considered a
Hia reappointment only eight weeks after
very important development.
his ouster was regarded as an indication that HITLER had been forced to

76

An estimate of enemy
come to some terms with the German General Staff.
strength showed that fifty-four infantry divisions, with a combat
strength of 565,000 when committed and an effective strength of 165,200,
had been identified on the Allied front. Sixteen Panzer divisions, with
a combat strength of 199,500 when committed and an effective strength of
To theae could he added
58,500 men and 335 tanks, were identified.
Enemy losses
ninety tanks and assault guns of headquarters brigades.
were estimated as 399,800 Infantry and 141,000 Panzer troops.
The 6th Armored Division was ordered to move without delay upon
release from the Ninth U.S. Army to an area east of TKOTES (Y27). Com
bat Command "B" of the 6th Armored Division was ordered to move without
delay to the vicinity of NEUFCHATEAU (Z57) and to continue patrols to
the south.
In the XII Corps zone the 35th Infantry Division continued to clean
up pockets of enemy resistance, the 137th Infantry advancing to the vi
cinity of DOMBASLE (U90). All elements of the 80th Infantry Division
with the exception of two battalions of the 319th Infantry were across
The 4th Armored Di
the MOSELLE River despite enemy counterattacks.
Elements of Combat Command "A" ad
vision continued to move forward.
vanced to the vicinity of MARSAL (a!2), twenty miles northeast of NANCY
(U81), Combat Command "B" to the vicinity of COUhBESSEAUX (Q01), ten
miles east of NANCY (U81J, and Reserve Combat Command to the vicinity of
The 3d Battalion, of the
LUNEVILLE (V09), which the enemy shelled.
318th Infantry, to which 20,000 rounds of small arias ammunition had been
dropped by liaison pilots of the 80th Division artillery, was relieved
after having been Isolated for several days beyond ST CENEVIEVE (U33),
fifteen miles south of MtTi (U85). five artillery battalions fired four
concentrations upon enemy assembly points at the request of the 80th
A strong enemy counterattack against the
Infantry Uivision commander.
division was broken up by the massed fires of the division artillery
coordinated with air support.
XV Corpa concentrated in an area on the west bank of the MOSSLLK
The 79th Infantry Division concentrated in the vicinity of
River.
CHARMES (297) while elements of the 2d French Armored Division reached
the west bank of the river in the vicinity of CHATEL-SUR-MOSELLE (V06),
The corps employed one heavytwelve miles east of MIRJ5COUHT (Z36).
Two coun
antiaircraft artillery battalion in a field artillery role.
ter-attacks by infantry and tanks against the 2d French Armored Division
at CHATL-SUR-MOSELLE (V06) , twelve miles east of M1KECOURT (Z86), were
Both counterattacks were repelled,
supported by anemy artillery fire.
one being broken up by the artillery fire of the 2d French Armored Di
The 79th Infantry Division encountered little or no
vision artillery.
enemy artillery opposition.
The XX Corps continued its advance toward UETZ (U85) against stub
The 90th Infantry Division advanced with th
born enemy resistance.
357th Infantry closing In the vicinity of AMANVILLEBS (U76), seven miles
northwest of HETZ (U85) and the 359th Infantry closing in the vicinity
Reserve Combat
of REZONVILLE (U75J, eight miles west of ttT2 (U85).
Command of the 7th Armored Division advanced southeast of METZ (U85).
The XIX Tactical Air Command flew 286 sorties in twenty-one mis
Fourteen
sions during the day's operation with few claims being made.

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TT

18 SEPTEMBER (D f 104)
In the ZII Corps and EC Corps zones there was no change in the
*n*y ituatioB. The XV Corpa however encountered strong reaiatanca
along a line MCKIVILLS (VD7) - RCHCWf (V17) - ROmLUE-lia-CHENES (VI?).
IV Corps (the 79th and 33d Infantry Divlion, the 2d French
Anaorad Division and Bupporting troopa) was ordered to cross the HflSKT.liR
Rlrar and move northeast to secure the line LUNEVIiXE (V09) - BADESVILLER (V38) between the corps left (north) boundary and a line BACCARAT
(V28) - BLAMONT (V39). The corps was to reconnoiter to the northeast
within its zone and be prepared for further advance, to protect the
right (south) flank of the Army and maintain contact with the Seventh
U.S. Army.
In the XII Corps zone Combat Command "B" of the 6th Armored Divi
sion arrived in NANCI (081) and assembled in the vicinity of SAULXURESU3-JUMCI (U91), two miles east of NAHM (U81). Task Force "SEBHEE"
continued to clean up pockets of enemy resistance northeast of NANCY
Elements of the 35th Infantry Division and the 4th Armored Di
(U81).
Elements of the 134th Infantry,
vision launched an attack to tbe east.
35th Infantry Division, reached the vicinity of SEICHAMPS (U91), four
mllea east of NANCY (US1).
XV Corps launched an attack to the northeast and the 79th Infantry
Division succeeded in driving completely across the HOSELLS River in the
vicinity of BAIOH (298), with the 313th Infantry, 314th Infantry and the
315th Infantry advancing to the vicinity of OERBEVILLSl (V08). Conbat
Command "V" of the 2d French Armored Division fought its way across the
MOSELLE River followed by Combat Command "D", and advanced to the vicin
ity of HADIGNI (V07), tan miles southeast of CHARIIES (Z97).
The XI Corps continued its advance on METZ (U85) with the 5th In
fantry Division gaining ita objectives In the vicinity of MARIEULLES
(U84), eight miles southwest of METZ (U85). Elements of the 90th Infan
try Division continued the attack, with the 357th and 359th Infantry
Regiments northwest of METZ (U85), and the 358th Infantry continuing to
contain THIOHVILLE (U88) while protecting the northern flank along the
river line. Reserve Combat Command of the 7th Armored Division contin
ued ita advance and mopped up SILLEGNY (US4), seven miles south of UETZ
Enemy artillery activity at METZ (US5), especially from FORT
(U85).
It was found that even 240 howitzers could do
JgANNE D'ABC, increased.
Eight-inch howitzers
no more than temporarily neutralize the forts.
fired on and destroyed two enemy railroad trains near METZ (U85).
Th 6th Armored Division (leas Combat Command "B") moved to NEUFCHATEAO (Z57) to relieve elements of the 2d French Armored Division pro
tecting the Army south flank,
The Forces franoaieas de 1'Intarieur continued flank guard action
in the XV Corpa zone, inflicting numerous enemy casualties.

78

The XIX Tactical Air Command was limited in its day's operation due
In thirty-two sorties seven
to weather condition and had light claims.
gun installations and three military installations were attacked.
Advance to the east continued in all zones of the Army during the
period.
Tbe Rear Echelon cf Army Headquarters *oved to a bivouac area near
KOUVRgS (T86), four miles northeast of the Forward Echelon and fourteen
Biles east of VERDUN !U26).

NV= pbmqbj _bo = Ea HNMRF

In his efforts to dslay the Array's advance, the enemy blew bridges
in the zone of the Third U.S. Army's advance, constructed road blocks of
mines and felled trees, and built trenches, bunkers and anti-tank posi
tions.
XX Corps (the 5th and 90th Infantry Divisions, the 7th Armored
Division and supporting troops) was informed that a continued threat ex
isted on the north flank in the vicinity of IHICWVILLE (U88), which
nipht result in an attempt by the e.-.emy to cross the MOSELLE River at
The Corps was ordered to strengthen the Regicental Combat
that point.
Team from the 90th Infantry Division, and the cavalry then covering the
The 90th Infantry
flank, with some tank and tank destroyer elemants.
division, less detachments, was to contain MSTZ (U85), while the 5th
Infantry Division and the 7th Armored Division proceeded on assigned
missions.
The attack to
In the XII Corps Task Force "SEBREE" was dissolved.
the east continued, while the 35th Infantry Division continued to clean
The 80th Infantry Division enlarged
up the woods north of NANCY (U81).
Its bridgehead to the south, and advanced to the vicinity of KALLELOY
Combat Command "B" of the 4th
(U82), six miles north of NANCI (UB1).
and
Armored Division advanced to the vicinity of CHATEAU-SALINS (Q12)
Reserve Combat Command advanced to the vicinity of LUNEVILLE, (V09),
The 79th Infantry
IV Corps continued to advance to the east.
Division advanced northeast of GERBEVILLER (V08), elements of the di
The 2d French Armored Division ad
vision crossing the MARTAGNE River.
vanced with elements of Combat Co-mand "D" in the vicinity of HOIEN
(V18), three miles east of GERBEVILLER (Y08), and some elements across
Combat Command "V" advanced to the vicinity of
the MARTAGNE River.
HALLAIHVILLS (V09), ten mileo east of CHARIIES (297).
XX Corps continued its attack toward HETZ (U85) with the 5th Infan
try Division driving to the north against determined enemy resistance.
The 359th Infantry (90th Infantry Division) advanced to the vicinity of
ROZERIEULLES (U75), three miles west of IffiTZ (U85), while the remainder
of the division continued to contain THIONVILLE (U88) and protect the
northern flank of the Army. Elements of Combat Comand "5" of the 7th
Armored Division reached the vicinity of LOUVIGN! (US4), nine alias

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Losses sustained by the Crteen probably destroyed during September.

nan air foroe and a desire to husband their strength, plus bad flying
aether mien of the tine, as responsible for the decrease In enemy air
activity.
Terrain over which tba Army's elements passed during September was
The
dlaaeoted by oujor rlTori and numeroua anallar atraajni and canal*.
nemy inprOTad and Incre'aied hla bridge denolltiona a> the TOlrt V. 3.
Almy'i adTno ilowd 4oro, and mined roadi heaTily in tne Tisinlty of
the MDMLLI Hirer. Road aorfaeet w,re not Baterlally deoaged except for

Problemg presented to the Aimy'e

fe road oratere and ulneflelde.
Elrldglng of the M03B1M
englneere Here thue both varied and numerous.
under Intenae enenjr fire Including heaT? artillery, cost the engineers
many casualtlee. Many thousands of nape were produced during the month,
flret priority being giren to a eerlee covering the SlEGnilED Line In
front of Itlrd tt. 3. Army, the project consisting of 254 quadrangles of
In general, quantities of engineer supplies re
12,000 copies each.
ceived from Communications Zone were adequate, and special means were
taken to utlllie considerable quantities of captured engineer materials.

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Special emphasis was given to soldier voting during th* month. In

all, 136 Third Q, 3. Army units were contacted and checked on soldier
voting.
Transportation cleared 9,879 vehicles hauling 139,750 tons of sup
plies and 165,940 troops during September.
The campaign during September placed a considerable burden upon
signal facilities.
Because of the necessity for rapid displacement of
Command posts, trained personnel became dispersed and difficulties were
encountered because of the lack of personnel. The Army axis of conpunlcation followed that of the XX Corps during the campaign.
To increase
the ipeed of building forward aod to lighten the load placed on ell
signal construction taaoa, the EC Corps was directed to build or reha
bilitate four circuits, two of which were used later as the Amy azis.
During the month the number of fincnce disbursing sections was re
duced to two for Third U. 3. Army troopa and two for each corps. Allied
military marks for uee in GERMANY were distributed to finance officers

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ird U.S. Army's major aetlYltlaa during October, while tha gener
al static taotioal situation of September continued, were concentrated
on the building up of supplies, the assembly and regrouping of troops,
and the laying of plans (Including carrying on of limited objective
operations) all in preparation for a new major offenslTe designed to
drive the enemy back behind the RHtKI Hirer.
Re-examination of the entire supply system was made to conserve
weapons and ammunition, to obtain all possible benefits from materiel on
hand, and to accumulate required surpluses. Also accomplished was the
equipping of troops with adequate wet and cold weather clothing, and the
bringing of armored and other vehicles to top condition.
Assembly and regrouping of troope w%a both difficult and involved,
due to the distance from the Army zone of several organizations recently
arrived on the Continent, plus a shortage of transportation. By the end
of the month, however, they were up to T/0 and T/B strength and in posi
tion.
Planning activities for the new offensive Included the execution of
certain limited objective operations to secure a favorable line of de
parture, to keep the enemy from becoming too aggressive, and to give
XII Corps carried on
specialized combat experience to various units.
XX Corpa operations
such offensives successfully during the month.
against various forts protecting MKTZ (U85J provided a basis for train
ing of troops in assaults on fiied fortifications and served to deter
mine tha tactical plan for future operations against the fortress city
of MBTZ (D85) itself.

1 OCTOBER (D+ 117)

Following the heavy attack made by the 6th Armored Division on the
preceding day, the enemy made local withdrawal* In the XII Corp* zoae,
falling back to the north of LBliDNCOURT (<tfJ3) , fifteen miles northeast
Advances In the FORET-13-CRKlfflCET ($02), ten milos
of KANCT (USD.
northeast of NANCY (U81) were made in the face of enemy small arms and
The enemy continued to patrol and Improve his defensive
mortar fire.
positions In tne XX Corps zone and harassed Army troopa with artillery
and mortar fire.

The 35th Infantry Division pushed forward to the eastern edge of

the FORST-DI-GREVSCirr (Q03) and the town of CHAMBRET (Q02) In tha XII
Control of the SEILL! River in the vicinity of PORT-SURCorps zone.
SSIUB (U83), eight miles east of POKT-A-MOTJSSON (TJ73), was gained by
Conbat Command "A" of the
the 319th Infantry [80th Infantry Division].
6th Armored Division closed into an assembly area east of NANCY (U81),
whila Its Reserve Combat Command closed Into an area northwest of PSTTONCOURT (Q02J, ten miles northeast of KANCT (tT81}.
Aggressive patrols were pushed In and around the vicinity of KETZ
(TOB) by the XX Corps, while elements of the 329th Infantry [8M Infan
try Division) reached the outskirts of GRJEVXNMACHSR (L02), northeast of
Elaments of the 83d Infantry Division made contact
LUXEMBOURG (P81).
with the Till Corps (Ninth U.S. Army} on tha north flank.
A number of missions were planned by the YTT Tactical Air Coomaud,
but because of adverse weather no operations were carried out.
Occupation of the FORET-DE-GREMECSY (402), tan miles northeast of
HANCT (781), and aggressive patrolling of enemy positions were the chief
operational results of the day.
An Improvement in Classes I, II, and IV supplies was noted, but re
A strict program of
ceipts of Class III supplies were below requests.
gasoline rationing was planned and supply company commanders were
Die dally telegram requastad 219,392 gallons of
briefed on the plan.
gasoline, of which 95,840 gallons were received. Winter clothing and
equipment arrived in greater quantities.
To assure that front lice troops would not be deprived of tobacco,
steps were taken to speed up the delivery of a ten-day requirement of
tobacco components on tbe basis of a troop strength of 300,000. Empha
sizing the importance of tobacoo for morale reasons, Army supply offi
cers requested and received assurance of action without delay from Ad
vance Section Ccnzunlcations Zone, During the previous month, the Third
U.S. Army had received limited supplies of tobacco because only
4,559,BOO ration accessory convenience kits of tobacco and other Items
Forty-four tons of nedioal
were delivered of 8,030,000 kits requested.
supplies ware received iron the Communications Zone on this date.

99

O= l ` ql _ b o = a =J
SI7RT (U82) and 3URES (411) were evacuated by the enemy in the XII
Corps zone. A notable Increase in enemy Tehlcular and troop movements
was observed south from SSCOURT (U93) in the XX Corps zone.
XII Corps consolidated Its
the east.

positions and agpjessively patrolled to

An attack on FORT DRIANT, southwest of METZ (U8E), was launched by

the Corps* 5th Infantry Division, a heavy aerial buntardnent preced
ing It. Farther north elements of the 83d Infantry Division occupied
the high ground overlooking ECHT3RNACH (IX)3), CRSVBIWACE5R (L02), and
WTNTRANGE (P90), while the 90th Infantry Division occupied the high
ground west of MAI ZIERE5- LES-MKTZ (U86) .
XIX Tactical Air Command had a busy day, flying 456 sorties in
thirty-three missions with excellent results.
Claims included twentynine railroad lines cut, 243 railroad cars, fifty-eight motor trans
ports, thirty-two locomotives, forty-two gun installations and thirteen
miscellaneous naval vessels destroyed or damaged.
Sight marshalling
yards were attacked*
Commanding ground west of the MOSSLL3 River and north of MAIZIERESLBS-METZ (USB) continued to be occupied by units of the Third U.S. Anny
while aggressive patrols probed the enemy lines.
Twelfth U.S. Army Group advised the Army that effective 4 October
the basis of tonnage allocation for this Army would be 450 tons daily
per division in the Army area, and that bocauss of the movement of the
2bth Infantry Division into the area the requisitions effective on 5
October would be based ou eight divisions.
At this time, all divisions
and eighty percent of the smaller units had three blankets and oue over
coat per roan, while sufficient blankets and overcoats were on hand to
equip the remainder of the Army.
Psychological warfare leaflets addressed to specific German divi
sions were dropped by planes.
A vital link in the Third U.S. Army com
munications ayatam, known as "Vest Wirehead", bagan operations at LAXCU,
a suburb of NANCY (UB1). Built of reinforced concrete and partly under
ground, the building had suffered little damage from German attempts to
destroy it when the enemy evacuated the city.
Hours of civilian circu
lation in all towns in the Army zone were fixed by ths Army Commander at
from 0600 to 2000 hours.

P= l ` ql _ b o = Ea Hr VF
Except for scattered artillery fire the enemy was quiet In the XII
Corps zone.
He was reported digging in on the high ground along the
line north of CHATSAU SALIK3 (012) - MOT7VIIIB (Q12). Two small counter
attacks were launched against XX Corps positions, but both were re
pulsed. The 5th Infantry Division's attack on FORT DRIAWT at MBTZ (U85)
was met by heavy enemy fire.

100

Aggressive patrols continued to push to the nat and proba enemy

positions opposite the XII Corps.
Klansnts of the 80th and 35th Infan
try Divisions repulsed strong aneiny countermttackfl in the vicinity of
3I7RT (U62), sight alias north of NANCY (U81).
Elements of the 5th Infantry Division (XI Corps) entered FCRT
DRIANT, on the west bank of the H03SLLS River southwest of MSTZ [U85J ,
and met strong enemy opposition within the fort.
The 83d Infantry Di
vision continued to occupy the high ground west of BCKTSRKACH (1O3) and
GREVErtflACHSR (L0), while ths 90th Infantry Division continued to patrol
its front aggressively and repulsed several small enemy counterattacks.
Twenty-three field artillery battalions supported the attack on
FORT DRIANT, firing a thirty-minute preparation followed by supporting
fires, directad against neighboring fortresses as well as FORT DR1AKT.
Enemy artillery opposition to the attack was continuously heavy. Guns
of the neighboring forts of JSANNE D'ARC, the VERDUN CROUPE, BATTERIE
MOSSLLK and MARIVA1 BB well as those of the objective itself were all
active.
Third U.S. Army artillery achieved only limited results
against the heavily-fortified defenses.
Temporary neutralization was
achieved but even the heaviest caliber weapons proved incapable of
effective destruction.
Substantial damage was inflicted upon sii of
FORTDRIANT f s caserns ted guns but all were repaired and resumed firing
later in the day.
Plying 302 sorties In twenty-two missions, 3OX Tactical Air Com
mand continued its attacks on enemy railroad lines and military instal
lations.
Among claims for the day wore thirty-nine railroad lines cut,
seventy-eight railroad cars, thirty-five locomotives, fifteen military
installations and four small naval vessels destroyed or damaged. Eight
marshalling yards were attacked during the period,
The attack on FORT DRIANT at MBTZ (U85) continued, while en the remaindar of the Army front action was limited to aggressive patrolling.

A gasoline rationing board, consisting of one officer and three en

listed men, began operations with the Class III supply section. Gaaoline was allotted in general as follows: infantry divisions, 5,000
gallons; armored divisions, 25,000 gallons; corps troops, 10,000 gal
lons, and Army troops, 84,000 gallons.
Reserve stocks of gasoline at
this tlita totalled 300,000 gallons.
The 7th Convalescent Hospital,
which had been operating under the supervision of the Advance Section
Communications Zone since the Anay became operational, was relieved from
assignment to the Third U.S. Army.

OCTOBER (D + 120)
Favored enemy capabilities as estimated at this time were that ha
could combine delaying actions In the Army's zone of advance with a
for trass stand at UKTZ. (U85), counterattacking locally with armored
spearheads and Impeding the Amy's advance by the diversion of troops,
artillery, munitions and aviation. Utilizing the ring of forts around
HBTZ (U85) to tha fullest, the enemy 1 s objective, it waa estimated,
would b to hold the city at all costs In order to use it as a pivot to
establish a general defensive line paralleling the SEBGFRISD line. Es
tablishment of such a line would give the enemy tine to organize the
SIEGFRIED Line and defenses of the RHIXS River Line and secure the pow
erful tactical advantage of the crippling wet and cold fall and winter
weather* At the same time, the enemy was expected to take advantage of
the favorable terrain in the Army's zone of advance to construct one or
more organized defensive positions for employment In conjunction with
the inclement waatbar to defend and delay against the Army's eastward
advance.
While repulsing enemy counterattacks on SI7RY (U82), eight miles
north of NANCY (U81), HI Corps continued to push aggressive patrole to
the east.
Elements of the 5th Infantry Division in the XI Corps zone contin
ued to fight their way forward within FORT DRIANT (U75), while elements
of,the 10th Infantry (5th Infantry Division) and the 90th Infantry Di
vision moved Into positions to reinforce the attack.
Heavy mortar (
artillery and bazooka fire wae employed by the enemy against pillboxes
of FORT DHIANT which had been captured and occupied by the Army's
troops.
Concentrating heavily on enemy rail transportation, XIX Tactical
Air Command claimed twenty-two railroad lines cut, 248 railroad cars,
twenty-five locomotives, twenty-one gun installations, two railroad
bridges destroyed or damaged, while at tack: a continued against mar
shalling yards and troop concentrations.
Aggressive patrolling continued along the entire Third U.S. Army
front, while the attack against FORT DRIANT progressed slowly against
stiff opposition.
The Commanding General of the Twelfth U.S. Army Croup verbally In
formed the Third U.S. Army Commander that the 10th. Armored Division
would be assigned in the near future to the Third U.S. Army, and the re
mainder of tbe 26th Infantry Division (101st Infantry) would be re
leased to the Third U.S. Army without delay.
to

(T*2) dally, from where tha Army would distribute the Items to iupply
points. Formerly the Any had trucked these supplies from PARIS (304).
Three hundred thousand operational rations were to be set aside at Army
Reserve Point No 1. A record for evacuating patients on planes was es
tablished at the air evacuation holding unit at TOUL (U61), operated by
the Third U.S. Army*
Nineteen aircraft, carrying 494 patients, were
loaded and ready to take off one hour and eighteen minutes after receipt
of the alert. Fifty trucks were sent by civil affaire to move 300 tons
of flour from VERDUN (U26) to NANCY (U81) to relieve a serloue bread
shortage there.

5 OCTOBER (Dt 121)

Tactical reconnaissance photographs of German positions revealed
that the enemy was building new defensive installations in the Third
U.S. Army's zone of advance.
The enemy shelled NANCY (U81] with 280mm
artillery, but no damage of a military nature resulted.
Elements of the 26th Infantry Division closed in an area in the vi
cinity of ATHHNVILLE (Q01) in the XII Corps zone.
The 328th Infantry
(B6th Infantry Division) began to relieve elements of the 319th Infantry
(80th Infantry Division).
Task Force DRIANT was organized to continue the attack on FORT
DRIANT at IfiETZ (U85), it consisted of a regiment of infantry, a company
of engineers and a company of tanks. Meanwhile, Task Force POI (3d
Cavalry Group, less the 3d Cavalry Reconnaissance Squadron; 135th Engi
neer Combat Battalion, 1st Regiment de Paris, 1st Battalion of the
330th Infantry, and the 807th Tank Destroyer Battalion, less Company A)
relieved elements of the 357th Infantry (90th Infantry Division) in its
zone.
Seven mlaaions totaling 110 sorties were carried out by %TX Taotical Air Command, with light claims reported Including four railroed
lines cut, fifteen motor transports, fifty-four military installations,
one highway bridge and twenty-eight small naval vessels destroyed or
damaged, and six marshalling yards attacked.
The railroad cutting pro
gram carried out by the Air Command was for the purpose of isolating the
enemy from his supply and comnunications in-the rear and to prevent an
enemy defensive buildup.

Aggressive patrolling continued while additional elar.ents of the

Third U.S. Army closed in an assembly area preparatory to commitment.
The Rear Echelon of Headquarters, Third U.S. Army, moved to NANCY
(U81), the Forward Echelon remaining temporarily at ETAIN (U47).

Arrangements were made for the Advance Section Communication* Zone

bring perishable Class I supplies, meat and butter, to SOHMESOUS

101

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8 OCTOBER (D + 124)
While in the HI Corps zona the enemy maintained bis defensive
attitude, la the JQC Corps zone observers reported the movement toward
the south of a large number of enemy vehicles, including some tanks.
Tha enemy used explosives against XS Corps troops assaulting the under
ground entrance to one of the FORT DRIANT tunnels at KBTZ (U85),

Against scattered re el stance the HI Corps continued its attack to

the nortieast and advanced two to thre miles along a twenty-mile zone.
Combat Coocjaod "A" of the 6th Armored Division advanced to tBTRICOURT
(U93), while Combat Coaffiand "B" captured AJCNCOUHT (U92), CHENICOUBT
(U92) and JSANDELAINCOURT (U92).
Quadruple mount 50. caliber machine
guns were employed to clean out pockets of resistance*
Elements of the
80th Infantry Division cleared the BOIS-DS-LA-rOURASSE (U93) area and
occupied ;TBAm>*LAIKCOCHT (098), while the 35th Infantry Division ad
vanced in the vicinity of FOSSDrux (U92),
Only limited progress was made by the 5th Infantry Division aa It
continued its attack on FORT DRIANT at METZ U86) in the XX Corps zona.
Heavy resistance was met in tha ficinlty of MAIZIEHEg-IZS-WETZ (U86)
by the 90th Infantry Division which pushed aggressive patrols to the
vicinity of KETZ (U35).
XIX Tactical Air CoBmamd flew 311 sortls during tha day, which wag
featured by attacks on enemy airdromes and nilitary installations,
forty-five enemy planes were destroyed or damaged on the ground and
among other clalaia war* forty gun installations, thirty-nine icilltary
Installations and one ammunition dump destroyed or damaged,
AJONCOUHT (092), CBENICOUHT [U92) , JKANDBLAINCOURT (U92) and the
wooded area southwest of LKTRICOUBT (U93) were captured and occupied by
the Third U.S. Army during the period, while attacks were continued on
FORT DRIAKT and UAIZIKRK3-LE3-METZ (U86).
Divisions of the Army were notified that stocks were available for
them to build their unit reserves of Classes II and IV* supplies*

9 OCTOBER CD + 125)
Intensification of patrol activity was noted on the part of the
enemy, who continued to offer scattered resistance in the XII Corps
zone, A large number of enemy dead observed in the BOIS DE IA FOURASSE
(093) was believed to bo the result of aerial fragmentation bombs. The
enemy continued his heavy artillery fire in the FORT DRIANT area of the
XX Corps zona, while mines and snipers harassed the Army's advance at
KAlZliRKS-LKS-VBTZ (U86).
XXI Corps continued to advance toward the 3SILLS River, while the
35th and 80th Infantry Divisions consolidated their gains. Combat Com
mand "A" of the 6th Armored Division cleared CHENICOURT (092) and
reached the vicinity of AULHOIS (093), where It was relieved by th
317th Infantry (Both Infantry Division).
Combat Command "A- moved in
mobile reserve in tha "iclnlty of LEW (091), si* miles north of NANCT
(081), while the remainder of the division moved Into corps reserve in
the vicinity of SAULXURES-LES-NANCY (091), two miles east of NAHCT
(U81).
Preparations to attack in the direction of PARHCY (<tll) were
started by the 4th Antored Division.
Task Foroe WARNOCK (2d Infantry), commanded by Brigadier General
AL7A C. WARNOCK, replaced Task Force CRIANT (10th Infantry) and assem
bled equipment prior to continuing operations in the tunnels of FORT
DRIANT at METZ (U85) In the XX Corps zone, where resistance continued
to be heavy. Elements of the 90th, Infantry Divislcn continued to clear
the enoy out of KAIZI2RBS-LES-lffiTZ (086), where aouse-to-house fighting
continued.
Beoausa of adverse weather no
XIX Tactical Air Sonmand.

operations were carried

out by tha

The day's operations resulted In elements of the Thirfl U.S. Army

.advancing to the SKILLS River and continuing to clear KAIZIERSS-L1SS-IIETZ
(086) and TORT ORIANT.
Beginning on this date and for seven days thereafter an additional
supply tonnage of 250 tons dally was requested to prepare for tha ar
rival of an armored division.
The reserve stock of gasoline totaled
600,000 gallons.

10 OCTOBER (D -f (26.)
Heavy enemy harassing artillery fire fll throughout the ill Corps
zone.
Bitter hand-to-hand fighting took place in KAJZHR*S-MS-lfflTZ
(IT863 and the enemy made eitensive us* of basements of houses and em
ployed bazookas against buildings occupied by troops of the XX Corps.
Readquartors of III Corps, commanded by liajor General JOHN KILLIKIK, and the 95th Infantry Division were relieved from assignment to the
Ninth 0.3. Army and assigned to the Third 0.3. Army.
Upon arrival on
tha Continent the III Corps Headquarters was established at CART2RST
(P09), moving to ETAIN (047) on 1 November.
The 8M Infantry Division
was transferred from the Third U.S. Army to the Ninth O.S. Army.

K)3

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Petrols observed heavy enemy vehicular traffic in UALAUCOUHT (U92)
and JAUADCOURT (Q02) in the XII Corps, zone, while IB the XX Corpa zone
Enemy artillery ac
the enemy maintained a purely defensive attitude.
tivity showed a decrease.
Regrouping was continued by the 80th Infantry DlTislon in the XII
Dorps zone, while the 328th Infantry (reinforced) of the 26th Infantry
DlTlalon closed in an area in the vicinity of BBZANGZ-LA-GRANDS (Q01),
east of NANCY (U01J, then moved to relieve the 166th Sngiaaar Conbot
The 137th Infantry (35th Infantry Division)
Battalion (reinforced).
reliaved the 134th Infantry on the left pf toe division zone, and the
134th Infantry assembled In the vicinity of BRIN~SUR~3EIU2 (192),
northeast of NANCY (U81).
Elements of tbe 90th Infantry Division continued fighting in MAIZIBRBS-U5S-MBTZ (U86) in the XX Corps zone, with tbe 3d Battalion of the
357th Infantry making slight gains within the city. Relief of the bat
talion was completed by the 2d Battalion of the same regiment.

NMS

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PIAH *Aa.

General Plan;
Third rKpK= Army W

(II Knvelop USTZ (n85)

17 OCTOBER (D+ (33!

Troops of XII Corps continued act IT* patrolling.
Ilenante of the 90th Infantry Dirllion XX Gorps tone continued
fighting In liAIZIDSS-Ixa-IBTZ (D86) against stubborn resistance.
Tha
378th Infantry [96th Infantry DlTlalon) cloaed In an area aoothweat of
PRDTT {07*!, southwest of 1BTZ (085).
The 377th and !79ta Infantry
ReglMenta (9Sth Infantry Division) moved to tha aame general area la
tha zone of the 5th Infantry Dlvlalon.

defensive work* from north and.

EOF= ^ ~= ~~= = = == =j ^ fk w

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~~~K
b.

(3)

Be prepared for further offensive

action to the

Schema of Maneuver;
(1)

Fhaaa One;
(a)

Contain KSTZ (U39) oa the weat.

(b) Cross M08SU2 River north of WfTt (085)

saixa rail and road facilities la the vicinity of BOtOAT (416).

and

Bad flying weather again hindered XXX Tactical Air Goomand during
the period, but forty sorties were flown with light olaima being made*
Railways and other transportation faoilitlaa behind tha anaBy lines
continued to be tha foeal points of attaek.

30S (073) and aelu

Fighting continued in >UI2IXRB3-L!3-JaTZ (trB6), while units in con

tact with tha eneaxy were raliaTad and aupplantad by freah troopa and actly patrolling eontinued all along tha Third 0.3. Ar>y front in tha
day'a operationa.

!d) Destroy enemy force* withdrawing from the 1BTZ

(DBS) area and Isolate MSTZ (DBS) defensive work*.

GXSERAL DRIGBT D. BISSHEDaJR, tha Supreme Cconadar, Allied Expedi

tionary Force, and mDTCNANT CEN2RAL JACOB L. LB7SR3, Coauuialng Oeneral. Sixth C.3. Any Group, Tlsitad Eeadquartara, Third 0.3. Any, to re
view the plan for reawption of the offenaira.
Corpa and diviaiooa were notified that, beginning on IS Oetober,
iaauas of gaaollna would be reduced twenty-fire percent until further
notice.
The daily telegram requested 363,684 gallons of gaaoline, but
only 13,375 gallons were received.

(Z)

() Advance northeaat from vicinity of PONT-A-MOD3rail aad road facilities in vicinity of FAIJRHBEKG

Phaae Two;

(a) Advance northeast with two corps abreast. One

corps will reuln initially in tha area northeast of BUST (U67), ad
vancing on Amy order echeloned to the left rear.
(b)
River between MAIKZ

n ^ fj pq ^ a = ENNRQ=F= ~~K

18 OCTOBER (D + 134)
Teetioal raoonnaiaaajiea aad other reports indiaated the organise*
tlon of eneny defensive positions In the area IIOCOORT 10*3) - CHATKAIT
3ALUB (012) - HKHRT (H) - OORSn. (4(3) ant fro* CHIOS (Q2I) to

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pK
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q=~=N = ~

Continue rapidly to -

1. latabllsh a bridgehead east of tha RHXHI

(35) (inclusive) and MARMBSIH (RS9) (exelulve).
Z. p= = f>^efw= EePVF= J

(M66) -

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NMT

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(2) Cross the UOSBIXE River in the vicinity Of THIONVTLIS

(U88) with a minimum of one Infantry and one armored division and seize
rail and ro&d facilities In Ticinity of BOULAY (QJ.6).

= p` e pj _ = l c=j ^ k br s bo =
!NK
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(3) In conjunction with HI Corps, destroy any enemy

forces withdrawing from METZ (U85) area and be prepared for further ad
vance to northeast*
(4)

Continue advance rapidly to the northeaat to;

(a) Establish a bridgehead east of RHINE River be

tween MAINZ (K35) and OFPENHBItt [B43) (both inclusive].
(b)
(5)

Da

Seize MAINZ (M35) - FRANKFURT (M66) area.

prepared for further advance

to the

northeast.

b. XII Corps (26th, 35th and 80th Infantry Division, 4th and
6th Armored Divisions and supporting troops) will tl) Advance northeast from vicinity of PONT-A-MCUSSON
(U73) with a minimum of one Infantry and one armored division and seize
rail and road facilities In vicinity of FAXKENBERC (FAIAUEMONT) (Q15).

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(2) In conjunction with XX Corps, destroy any enemy

forces withdrawing from METS (U85) area and be prepared for further ad
vance to northeast.
(3)

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Continue advance rapidly to the northeast to:

(a) Establish a bridgehead east of RHINE River be

tween OFFENHEIM (M43) and MANNHSIM [R59) (both exclusive) .
(b)
c.

Seize DARMSTADT (M64) area.

(1)

Assemble In an area northwest of BRIEY (U57),

(2)

Assume command

(3)

Advance

(b)

assigned by Army

order, echeloned

to left

(1) In the advance Corps will be disposed in depth with

These
armor, in lead; armor to be reinforced by motorized Infantry.
leading elements will pass around obstacles and points of resistance
wherever possible in order to continue the advance to the RHINE River.
Infantry forces following will advance rapidly, clear enemy resistance
and consolidate gains*
(2) Reconnaissance will be pushed to maxlmin in order to
seize Intact all possible crossings of major river obstacles (e. g., the
SAAR and RHINE Rivers)."

108

Seize rail

and road

facilities in

vicinity of

BOUIAY (Q16).

order.
northeast on Army

ENF= ^ ~= ~= = = = ml k qJ^ Jj l r ppl k =

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Ill Corps (and supporting troops) to -

of troops as may be

= ` l o mp=j fppfl k pW
!OK

(2) In conjunction with

forces withdrawing from ME1S (U85) area
vance to northeast.
*A.

(3)

Continuation of

the advance to

b. XII Corps (two infantry

and supporting troops) will tl)
tne enemy In its
Army.

III Corps, destroy any enemy

and be prepared for further ad
be the same

divisions, two armored

as Plan.

divisions

Attack northeast from the MANGY (US1) area destroying

front and protecting the south flank of Third U.S.

{2} Assist XX Corps In seizing rail and

in vicinity of FALKBNBERG (rALQJJJWONT) (<U5).

road facilities

(3)

Continuation of the advance to be

same as plan "A".

c. III Corps (two infantry divisions, one tank group - to be

made up of tank battalions detached from infantry divisions - and one
tank destroyer group) will (1)

Contain Mm (US5) defense works west of the MOSELLE

Hirer.
(2) With a minimum of one infantry division, one tank
group and on* tank destroyer group, seize and aeeure all possible cross
ings in the THIOKVILli (1788) are*.
3) Attack southeast and assist XX Corps
and road facilities In vicinity of B00UY (416).

in seizing rail

(4) Assist XX Corps in destroying any enemy forces with

drawing from MK1Z (U85) area.
(5) Be prepared to advance to the
zone echeloned to left rear.
(6)

Protect left

(north)

northeast in XX Corps

flank of Third U.S.

Army,"

19 OCTOBER (D + 135)
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Kstimates at this time credited the enemy with the capability of

making a determined defensive stand, aided by favorable terrain in the
Any'B zone of advance which the enemy had fortified with extensive enIt was considered likely that
trenchnents and flooding of low areas.
the enemy would attempt to contain the Army1 a salient by defending and
delaying tactics, counterattacking locally with infantry and armor. In
conjunction with bis entrenching, it was believed the anemy would use
ttT (U85) and Its protective ring of forts as a plrot for hie defensive
line, attempting to hold back Third U.S. Army until he could bring in
reserves to organize and man the SIEGFRIED Line and gain time to take
The capability
advantage of the Inclement weather of fall and winter.
of a limited objective enemy offensive north of METZ (UB5) also was
given consideration,

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Aggressive patrol!lag apd rotation of elements is contact with the

Front lines remained generally
enemy continued in the XII Corps zone.
unchanged. Two batteries of 90oa antiaircraft artillery knocked out the
locomotive of an enemy supply train operating behind METZ (085).

Enemy mines and booby traps were *ncountered by XII

Tactical reconnaissance reported large tank and troop
Enemy activity in the XX Corps
south Of D1BUZS (U22)
chiefly of entrenching and Increased artillery and mortar

Slsmnts of the 95th Infantry Division began relieving units of the

5th Infantry Division to the wett and southwest of MS 17 {385} in the XX
Corps zoos. Two battalion* of the llth Infantry (5th Infantry Division)
In the bridgehead east of tb* MOSZLLS River were relieved by the 979th
Infantry {95th Infantry Division). Elements of the 90th Infantry Di
vision continued fighting In and arounfl UAXZXSKES-IKS-tffilZ (086)*
Thirty-four sorties were carried out by XIX Tactical Air Command,
but because of adverse weather conditions no targets ware found.

20 OCTOBER (D -f 136)
Corps patrols.
concentrations
zone consisted
fire.

Some reliefs by cdnor Third U.S. Army elements In the line took
place ic the XII Corps zone, but there wag no change in the front lines.
The 95th Infantry Division continued to relieve the 5th Infantry
Elements of the division thua relieved
Division in the XX Corps zone.
Command of the bridge
moved to an assembly area west of AUDUN (U68).
head area near METZ (USB) was assumed by the CommandIng General of the
95th Infantry Division. House-to-house fighting continued in MAIZIEHBSIfiS-MSTZ (U66), with the 3d Battalion of tha 357th Infantry .(90th In
fantry Division) battling the enemy in the city.

109

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Nina missions totalling 226 sorties were flown by JCU Tactical Air
CcaiEand, with twecty-seven railroad lines cut and fifteen locomotives,
air;e military installations, three highway bridges and twg miscellane
ous naval vessels were damaged or destroyed,
Walla additional major units continued to move into Third tf.S. Ar
my's ansa during the day, positions were maintained.

112

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CUMULATIVE
THB UOH1H IN HE7IKW
Following la a brief summary or operations for October:
Major contact with the enamy resulted TroB the XII Corps drire to
enlarge and Improve lt bridgehead east or the MDSHUS ana MTORTHS
RlTre and the Third U.S. Army's errort to wlp out the ensmy's bridge
head west of WETZ (U85). AggreaalTe and determined enemy opposition mat
both of theae offenslyes. The enemy's resistance In the first days or
the month carried the Impetus developed <D the last days of September.

FROM

I AUGUST

His build-up reached the equlTalent

front by 1 October.

of SQTen diTlslona along the Army

Ill Corps remained In CARTSRKT (T09) on ths COWMTIN Peninsula

throughout the month with the exception of adrance elements of corps
Headquarters which closed at VANDSLAINVILLE (U74) , south of KKTZ (U85).
on 29 October,
Enemy resistance to the XII Corps expansion of the bridgehead ~=
of NAUCT (D81) continued strong throughout the first part of the month.

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A request was approved Tor fxve*^ L-l litter planes, reconnaissance

aircraft which would carry one litter patient, for use by the Aray for
emergency air evaluation of wounded.
Pilots and orsw chiefs also were
requested.

R= k l s b j _ b o =Ea =J^ = LRO

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THIRD U.S.ARMY
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23 NOVEMBER (D + 170)
Continuing hi a vigorous delaying tactica in III Corp* toot, the
enemy defended towns and atrongpolnts with Infantry and tankt.
Third
U.S. Any'a 26th Infantry Division met heavy resistance in clearing the
FORET DOU D'ALBESDORT (0.33), north of MOTSTBt (933). In the same gener
al none the 4th Armored Diviaion puahed elements acroaa the 5AAR River
at ROJHELFUBBi <Q42) and OOSSEUCIHGEN (042]. Loading element* reached
POSTDORF (952) and EIRBStO (952).
During the period the 35th Infantry
Diviaion continued Ita drive in the lone of the 4th Armored Diviaion,
and attacked and reached ROSING (334) aod INSMING (034). Meanwhile the
6th Araored Diviaion regrouped ita forcea preparatory to continuing the
attack. On the XII eorpa north flank the 80tb Infantry Diviaion organlied for an attack to the eaat.
The 5th Infantry Division coapleted relief of the 95th Infantry
Diviaion with elementa of the latter diviaion moving to an aaaembly area
In the vicinity of COUJGNY (095), eaat of HETZ (085), from which point
It relieved element! of the 90th Infantry Diviaion in the DIED River vi
cinity. Meanwhile the 5th Infantry Diviaion continued to exert pressure
on a atubbornly realctlng enemy in the remaining MKTZ (D85) forta, ualng
smoke to acreen paaaage of troops acroaa the UOSELLE River.
In the
northern part of XI Corps (one the 90th Infantry Diviaion continued to
relieve the 10th Araored Diviaion in the taak of nopping up in rear
area*, freeing the latter diviaion for front line combat.
XIX Tactical Air Command again waa unable to achedula any operationa becauae of continued adverse weather condition*.
*

Diviaion in a lone along the HIID River northeaat of MHZ (D85), captur
ing BRSCiCLANGS (Q06), BOUUY MOSELLE (Q06), HALLDK (Q16) and XARBI70STAIRE (916). Fighting along the German border near the Luxembourg fron
tier, the 90th Infantry Diviaion captured BIHINGEN (919), KBDmtlRCHHI
LES BOUZONVILLE (918) and REMELDORFF (918).
Meeting heavy reaiatanoe
inalde Germany, the 10th Armored Diviaion continued ita attack and cap
tured TETTINGEM (LOO), BWZDOR? (LOO) and OBEKLEOOR (LOO).
XIX Tactical Air force again had no operations during the period
becauae of unfavorable weather.
GENERAL DKIOHT D. EISENHOWER, Supreme Commander, Allied Expedition
ary Forcea, visited Headquarters, Third U.S. Army.
Seven Amy supply points had 1,749,975 gallons of gasoline, and re
serve points held an additional 3,024,264 gallons. Information waa giv
en Twelfth U.S. Any Group that the following winter clothes and equip
ment were needed to complete the initial laaue to Third U.S. Army
troopsi
30,000 overshoe*, 97,000 ground sheets, 225,921 muffler*,
260,000 trouaera, 260,000 Jaoketa, 182,789 aleeplng bag*, 226,000 aweatera and 175,358 combat boots. A aobile water purification unit waa aent
to METZ (U85) to alleviate the problem of water supply.
Becauae of the
danger of prisoners escaping over the nearby Oat-man borders, a direct
ive waa issued to all medical units to turn back to Advance Section Communicationa Zone all prisoners of war employed In hospitals.

*****

24 NOVEMBER (D + 171)
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OR= klsbj_bo=(D 4- 172)

Offering atlff resistance from the MAGI HOT forta in the vicinity
of LONGEVILLE (925) In the northern portion of XII Oorpa lone, the en
emy impeded the Army'a advance in the central portion with obataclea anl
In the southern portion resisted aggressively with Panzer units. He
continued hie dogged defense in XX Corpa zone fortifications in the
northern portion, while in the central and southern portions resistance
was acattered.
XII Corps continued its attack, with the 26th Infantry Diviaion on
tha aouth flank capturing WITTHiSBUHG (943), clearing the BOIS DE BOHNBreNTAIHE and fighting in HTOKIRICH (943) at the end of the period. The
4th Armored Diviaion, also on the aouth flank, reached CIRBERG 952) al
tar crossing the SAAR River.
Farther north elements of the 35th Infan
try Division captured HIIHUCH (944), MORSEBROHIt (944) and atrateglc
high ground known a* HILL 241 (944). The 6th Armored Diviaion, working
in the sane general lone aa the 35th Infantry Division, occupied REMERIKGEJ (944) and entered IURBACH (944). Attacking strongly on the oorpa
north flank, the 80th Infantry Diviaion elements made substantial gain*
through the MA3ISCT ilne and established contact with the 95th Infantry
Division (XX Corpa) at ZIMMINOHi (Q15).

139

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28 NOVEMBER (D + 175)
XII Corp* attack to th mat continued. The 26th Infantry Divieion Mde an advance to HINZIKgN (043). In the sane general ion*
the 4th Armored Division made a northward adTance, captured DDRSTH,
(063), BH (Q53), BORBACH (QS3), HASSKIBCHHI (013), ZOLLINGEN (OS3)
and PISDOBF (953). The 6th inored Diviaion advanced and took OlSfWBACH (Q35), CAPPBL (03$), BIDS! (Q35), BIDING (03;) and MARIENTHAL
(03$). The 35th Infantry Division was assembling in eorpa reserve.
On the north flank the 80th Infantry Division was regrouping ita foroea and preparing for further attacks to the eaat.
The 5th Infantry Division continued to haraai the enemy-held forta
in the Mm (08$) area. A powerful attack to the eait was made by the
95th Infantry Division, which captured RAMMELTANGEN (Q13), and DOREN
(027). Meanwhile the 90th Infantry DiTliion along with the 10th Armor
ed DiTiaion continued clearing the enemy weit of the SAAR Hirer. Relief
of the 10th Armored Diriaion unite waa coapleted by the 3d Cavalry
Group.
Bad weather conditions continued and no mission* were flown by XIX
Tactical Air Command.
Captured German foodstuffs releaaed to the civilian population of
METZ (B85) included 150 tone of frown beef, twenty tona of froian pork,
fifty carload* of flour and 150 tona of flour in storage, and a quantity
of canned gooda. Coal from captured Blnea waa available for issue to
all troopa at the rate of two pounda par man par day.
LIIOTHUNT GENERAL WALTER B. SMITH, Chief of Staff, Supreoe Head
quarter* Allied Expeditionary force*, and LIEUTENANT GENERAL LUCIEH X.
TBBSCOTT, Commanding General, Fifth U.S. Army, visited Headquarters,
Third O.S. Army.

29 NOVEMBER (D 4- 176)
An eetlmate of enemy strength in the Third D.S. Army ions of ad
vance (homed that the equivalent of fire division*, consisting of 39,000
troop* and HO tank* or aasault gun*, were In contact. Available as
immediate reserve were an estimated 36,000 Infantry troops and 15,100
putter troopa with 19$ tank* or assault gun*. There was no change In
the estimated enemy capabilities at thia time, the most favored one
being that he could defend and delay in successive prepared position*
In an effort to block Third U.S. Army'a advanoe* toward the SIEQHUED
Line.
Preparing to continue Ita attack to the sast, III Corps commenced
regrouping the majority of it* forces. In an advance to the northeast
the 4th armored Division attacked and captured THAL (053).

rent ST PRIVAT, another of the itrongpolnt* In the vicinity of

MET2 (08$), was captured by the 5th Infantry Division. Part of the di
vision not needed at METZ (08$) waa attached to the 95th Infantry Di
vision, which made excellent gain*, after repuliing a strong counter
attack near FILSBERG (027), and captured HRFRICH-HEMIERSDORF (Q18) and
OLSINGEN (Q28). During the period the 90th Infantry Division consoli
dated its gains and patrolled to the SAAR River while the 10th Armored
Division pushed its attack to the east on XI Corps north flank inside
Germany. Combat Command "B" (10th Armored Division) was in the vicinity
of SILWINGEN (019) at the end of the period.
XIX Tactical Air Command again had no air activity due to bad
weather condition*.
Hecetpt of Claasai II and IT suppling had fallen off, practically
no signal supplies had been received In the preceding ten days, engineer
supplies mre bacUogged at the NORMANDY Base Section, and there was a
critical shortage of field jackets. During tbs period 89 to 29 Novem
ber, sixty-seven tons of foodstuffs were transported to KAKCT (USD by
civilian subsistence trains.

30 NOVEMBER (D + 177)
Enemy activity in the XII Corps tone was limited to harassing ar
tillery and mortar fire art active patrolling in the northern and south
ern portion*. The enemy opposing XX Corp* troop* continued hi* obitlnate defenee behind fortifications and laid down heavy artillery fire.
On orders of the Amy Commander, the 6th Cavalry Croup (reinforced)
(Headquarters and Headquarters Troop, 6th Cavalry Reconnaissance Squad
ron, 5th Ranger Battalion, Company "C" of the 60Sd Tank Destroyer Bat
talion, Company -B' of the 283d Engineer Conbat Battalion, and Troop
B" of the 28th Cavalry Reconnaissance Squadron) waa formed and attached
temporarily to the XX Corps. The 28th Cavalry Reconnaissance Squadron
(less Troop *K*1 mas to remain on duty as the Army Information Service
for Amy Headquarter*. XX Corps was to utilize the 6th Cavalry Group
(reinforced) to extend and cover Its right (south) flank. HI Corps was
to continue to maintain contact with XX Corps on ita left (south) flank.
Amendment 80 6, dated 29 November to Letter of Instructions Ro 10,
Twelfth O.S. Army Group which was received on this date, announced a
change in the miealon of Sixth O.S. Army Group, and changes in the Sixth
Twelfth O.S. Army Group boundary.
Third O.S. Army on this date Issued Amendment No 4, dated 1 De
cember, to Operational Directive, dated 3 November, which set forth
changes in the mission of Seventh O.S. Army, and in the Sixth - Twelfth
U.S. Army Group boundary.
Ill Corps continued regrouping the majority of its major element*.
Combat Comand "A" of the 4th Armored Division occupied the high ground
northeast of THAL (Q53) and Combat Command *B* moved to the high ground
southwest of MACKWEILEft (953). The 6th Armored Division maintained
patrols and north flank contact with XX Corps.

141

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In an estimate of enemy capabilities at this time it was considered

that a general enemy withdrawal into the SIEGFRIED Line was in progress,
although where the SIEGFKIED Line had not been reached by Army troops it
was believed the withdrawal would be accompanied by defend and delay
tactics, implemented by small local counterattacks. In its northern none
Third U.S. Army was directly against the SIEGFRIED Line positions and
only a short distance remained before the remainder of the Army front
Enemy covering forces withdrew rapidly
could hold similar positions.
before XII Corps' advance, in which numerous road blocks, blown bridges
The 95th Infantry Division's bridge
and minefields were encountered.
head across the SAAR River In XX Corps zone received heavy artillery
Enemy resistance In the FORiT DIK KARLSBRUHN (926) slackened.
fire.
Elements of the 87th Infantry Division closed in the vicinity of
METZ (U85). This division was the only major tactical unit then under
III Corps control.
Combat Command "B" (4th Armored Division) crossed the EICHEL Hirer
at VOLLERDINCEN (954), while Combat Command "A" crossed one mile to the
south at DOHFESSEL (953), and then made a rapid seven-mile advance to
the northeast with leading elements at BINING (964), SCUMinVILLE (l)54)
and KULHAVSEN (954). The enemy offered armored resistance in force aIn a three-mile advance the
gainst this advance in XII Corps zone.
lOlst and 104th Infantry Regiments (26th Infantry Division) captured
OEhMINGEN (954), four miles north of SAhRE-UNIOS (953), while the 328th
Meanwhile in the
Infantry advanced in the vicinity of SARRALBE (027),
35th Infantry Division the 320th Infantry captured WILLERWALD (044),
five and one-half miles southwest of SAKKEGDEMINES (955), and the 134th
Infantry captured HAkBACH (945), three miles southwest of SARREGDEUINES
The 6th Armored Division captured HOWLING (946) and IPPLIHG
(955).
(945), west of SARREGUEHINES (955), while the 80th Infantry Division on
the north took some high ground and improved ite positions.

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The 5th Infantry Division made advances of from two to five miles
in XX Corps zone, captured KARLSBRUNN (036) and HESLEBACH (936), south
west of SAARBRUCKEN (957), while a few elements of the division contin
ued to contain the forts still holding out in the METZ (D85) area.
Fighting in the eastern part of SAARLAUTERN (928) was continued by ele
ments of the 95th Infantry Division, while other elements enlarged the
bridgehead at LISDQRF (926). Assault crossings of the SAAR River were
made In four places by the 90th Infantry Division between two and five
To
miles north of SAARLAUTERN (928), while PACHTEN (928) was captured.
preserve surprise no artillery preparation was fired, but an Intensive
schedule of counterbattery fire was launched from H-Hour to H / 45 con
sisting of approximately 8,000 rounds on thirty-nine enemy artillery lo
cations. The 10th Araored Division continued aggressive patrolling on
the corps north flank, but its front lines were unchanged.

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XIX Tactical Air Command flew 168 day and seven night sorties and
A total of thirty locomotives were
dropped forty-six tons of bombs.
One plans was lost.
knocked out and 108 railroad cars were damaged.

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Bridgeheads at SAARLAUTU-.N ([J28) art LISDOR7 (926) were enlarged,

and another bridgehead at PACHTEN (928) was established as the Third
U.S. Army continued advancing to the northeast.

157

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10 DECEMBER (D + 187)
Significant order of battle facts at this tin indicated that al
though the Allied offensive was destroying weekly a number of German
divisions, nevertheless the eneny was able to maintain a cohesive front
without drawing on the bulk of bis infantry and armor reserves.
As of
thia date the enemy had a strong reserve of eight Panser divisions out
of the line, with the strong possibility that a ninth Bight have COM to
the West froa the interior. Of these divisions, five were in the north,
available for speedy employment against the First and Ninth U.S. ArmieB,
and at least two were disposed farther south close to the boundary of
the First and Third U.S. Armies.
Overall, the initiative atill rested
with the Allies, but the massive armored force the enemy bad built up in
reserve gave him the definite capability of launching a spoiling offen
sive which might tend to disrupt Third U.S. Army's planned offensive.
It appeared also that the enemy's concern was growing over the mounting
threat to the SAAB and that he might be forced to bolster this sector
with elements of his infantry and Panzer reserves in order to block a
breakthrough.
Continuing his strong delaying actions in the XII Gorpe xone, the
enemy launched numerous small counterattacks.
Heavy artillery fire was
used against the SAARLADTERH (428) bridgehead in XI Corps zone.
There
was an increase in enemy activity in III Corps cone as considerable mor
tar fire was laid down from FORT JEANNE D'ARC (075) at METZ (U85).
Ill Corps remained at METZ (035), with the 345th Infantry (87th In
fantry Division) continuing to contain FORT JEANNE D'ARC (D75).
The
101st Infantry (26th Infantry Division) closed in the METZ (U85) area.
OHOS KE1ZRCHIWG (465), seven miles southeast of SARREOBEMINES
(455) in the XII Corps zone, was captured by the 104th Infantry (26th
Infantry Division) while the 328th Infantry (26th Infantry Division)
made a one-mile advance to the north and took the high ground northeast
of *OELfUHG (455), four and one-half miles southeast of SAH8B30EMIKES
(455).
The 346th Infantry (87th Infantry Division) was attached to the
26th Infantry Division and it moved to positions on the front while the
101st Infantry (26th Infantry Division) retired to METZ (B85) to conduct
an infantry replacement training program.
The 134th Infantry (35th In
fantry Division) made a two-Idle advance to the vicinity of FOLPERSVILLEH (455), while the 137th Infantry crossed the SAAR River to enter
SARKEGUOIINEJ (Q55) from the south with elements of the 320th Infantry
(35th Infantry Divisioa) making a one-mile advance and entering BOIS DE
BLEIS BHUCKE.1, four miles east of SARREGDEMINES (Q55).
There was no
change in disposition of the 4th Armored Division or the 80th Infantry
Division.
The 6th Armored Division on the corps north flank maintained
its patrolling activities.
Fighting continued in SAARLAUTEW (428) to enlarge the bridgehead
of the 95th Infantry Division, with small advances made against pill
boxes and fortified houses. The 90th Infantry Division continued to at
tack to the northeast in the IX Corps zone and small advances were mad*
north of DILLINGiH (028).
Several enemy counterattacks were repulsed
with no ground lost. Task Force POLK on the corps north flank maintain
ed Its front line patrols with no change, while 6th Cavalry Group (re
inforced) continued active patrolling in its zone.
The 5th Infantry

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~=
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h l i = ~= _ l fK
E
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EgF= T
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K
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pi _ q Jq = ^ = ~=a = =i =

F= _ K
=ON=I=q =f =d >=q i j ` k q = xh MONKN=
J=e ^ ppbi q= ENPNSNF= E==q =^ {=d F= J=
Eh SOTMF= J=e be pe bd = Eo URTRF= E= GI==ON=
^ =d F= J= Cgi i bk w= Ec MNTTF= J=k br pp= ETOTU{F= =
==q =^ =d K
F

NK
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cK= NRVpK
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EO= _ =q = =p=^ ~=d = fa fe o b = Ed VPNNF=

Ef ==q =^ = d F= J=` e ^ r e ` j q= EOMU{M=
E ==p=^ J= ` F=J=k e gc ` e ^ q r F= Ewpl s XF=
D
=
r h k b =^ r = h =` ^ k ^ i =
G=` h bs f` = EY l ~AF==` l k a h gQJ=
u ^ k d b= En l F= =~=b^ ^ o Jpa e i bk = h ^ k ^ i = =^ i J=
_ bo p` fN^ bgN= En gKMONF= E= ==q =^ =
p F=J=c f_ pq fk d b e = En UOUF=J=i l _ e n =En VRSPF= J=
o ^ h h bk pqbh = Eo NUVPF= J=co ^ j bqe ^ i = EGh RM{F= J=b^ e a e l qbe =
Ye MRF= E=f ==p=^ =d K
F

OK
= b

=MMMN^ = G=O{= p D
I=u s = ` ?= >!=~_ = =
p=^ K=l K
= ^ = ~{=

=
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GG
=
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RK
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r q D
fi i {= EZN= l pl l F= J=P^ ^ P_ r e l = E!X=RMNRF=J=i ^ h b^ f= xo =O\ {F=J=e b fmb i m~K=
Eo = TMVMFI=~==p=^ =d G

ENF= e =~=x=

~
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D= K
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r K= p=^ = l {=j j N=\ >t gG= ===

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EF= PK
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=^
F= J=pfb ` h = En MMVQF= J=p^ ^ r d = Ei r NPF= E=
==q =
F=J=q =Ei OMOVF= J=q h o ~` e =
Ei RRRMF= J=h l _ i bk w= Ei UVVRF= E~=f ~q ==e
=
^ ~FK

_ =_ ~= =i ~=d
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` ==p~

EOF= e G=^ = === = = G=

K
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EPF= _ =k =~=\ =^ == q ^ s fn p= Eh MNOTF= J=

r o ^ e a = Nu e b= h OOPF= J=s fs _ d k fp= Eh ROPRF= J=_ l ` e l i qw=
Eh TTQTF= J=t r h ppi bk = ENNUSQUF= x~= ~ ==q ~=
^ F= J=gi Nf` e = Ec MORVF= J=b i pr l t = E?NTSMF= J=l mi ~a e g=
Ec PTF= Er = K
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^ K= {^ j h i qW
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gl =NgN

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hl i e
p^ o C o r ` r j =
i r u be _ ` l o d

EOF= ^ ~=fa = ==~=o e fk b= =~~= =

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h ~= ~= =~= =~=_ ~=p=^ K= f= ==r =
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RMOX=! =r Fk J
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l l h = Er QRVSF= J=h P` e = EmTgMOg= J=pf_ ` f=En l wF= J=p^ ^ o _ r o d = Er GNPF
q G==q =^ F= J=q o Nfo = Ei OMOVF= J=qe ^ _ ^ ` e = Ei RRt F= J
a K
Er K

r =` ` I= r =N` =
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=f
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q =^ q_ gq= ` W
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VQ=a = q r ~e gr

!!= ~=p~~=f K

=i h e ~=l =_ o ^ a i ` K
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GG=_ h ^ a i bfW
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I=f= ===G~==K

t r h gl t q e p=qt _ i qqr =No j P= l o l l m=

Nc l =SRp

OV=l [ G=NV

p_ _ g_ = r j a j n =o ~~=l ~==i ~==f G=s ~~=q ~I=

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OK
= N= == ~=
= = ~=~===~=~= K
= ~==~ ==_ ~=~=!~~= =GG=~== =
= ^ =
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f~==== = ==_ ~= =~=~=
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NK
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K

q Jf[ m= pJb J` JUJb Jq

fVb =pp gb N

= ~=== ~G= = =q =
L^ =
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G==o l q= NYRr K
Ia

^ j n ~=k =q =N

~= q q fh =Efl r TF=J=d o fk a =
=^ ~K
EPF= _ ==~=c K
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=i q h L=Ec MPRQF= J=
J=r fw r i _ =xh VQRNF= E~=f~ ~==~=^ F= K
` F= E~=~ =~=h =Q=J=Qr f[ J=
F=J=u i pl l = Ec N
h j _ ` _ = Ee t pK
= F=J=ms i e bfj = Ec P^ STF= J=qa r l _ bh =
r r =Eo ^ SNF= Ef q G==
FK
=

==
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Ec Qgql F= J=l pfe ` e = Ec PRTM= E~=~~~q

s gff

r ==f~ ~=j G=q GI

=d JTOR
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oh K
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NK
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K= I= ENF= q =\ N= ^
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i i s ft = ` K= ^ i i bj
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E\ F= p=^ q_ =d =?NNN= = =q q _ = f= J=
g = =q =^ =~~= == ==
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K= ~K
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I= NM=k K
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^ K= ^ k h i _ G=h fVi b m=
_ ~=d ~I=n K
PK
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K= ~K
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b ff_ gb ` q = ^ =k = pfG==i
=f =s = f K

NNN== ~ = ~K
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= f=a =G>
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GgG =RJSSRSMI=~=OT=k =
NV{QI=i ==f =k = I=e

_ =fj
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~=

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?EOF= pg=^ = d I=~ ==

q =f= J=
l b = = q =^ ~I==~ =~= =~~= ~===
mc ^ i wb _ j i b = =~=e =pfb d c o ffa =i fh b = ===o e fk b= =
~=== == ?K
` I=e I=
a =~~~=O=EO=~=

_ K
= k K

_ =
G=~= p=^ = ` G>= ^ qgu bo ~= EE{gF=EfJ=
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=^ =d F= J=` e ^ Nj l r f= ENMURMF= J=o q c J=
` Nr qC^ r = G= EwR` TRF= Ef K
q G==pG=^ =d F= J=j ^ o k b=^ e =
Jfm=` ^ j i = =` _ ` qf` =En MRF= =l ` r a ~bu ^ _ b= EPLK
MNNF= ~=
~=P^ ^ pJh ` e i bk D= h ^ Df^ i = {=^ i bbo Pl r Kr u = En Ll p= E
=
q
=
= ^ =d F= J=c fffRq fk d pe =Er _ pF=J= ^ i =EPRTgR>

pK?_ g[ K` q W
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=f

i Jv ` e = \ D
F=J= b P` e =EfTPM
Og=J=pfb o ` h =
= =q = {g= J= = ~==
{fw= Ei mVK
`K=g= E~=f ==c i ~

i o q h =` K= ^ i i bp=
h ~=l ~I=h `
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=b

pr _ gb ` q W
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ql =

= ^ e t = ` ~ _ K

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V
fu

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W

` l fh fa Ck q= e fqe = qo bb= ^ = ^ _ l s h I= l mbo ^ qfl k ^ i = ` l qo a i =M\ =pfpq = g=

q j =k fs fe =q^ ` q= ffi i =m^ pp=co l j = e ft qe = ^ fh =ql e ` b=ql = pe u gg=q ^ c K

Pr b b k = o ^ f=q e o C _ = w_ e l = b s b k = c fs =q _ l K

=` = f=
= c =~=k =^ GG=~==~~==
= ~K
PK
=
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K
= =~=! K

ENF= e =~=~=r ~= =p^ ^ o r r qbo k =~=q J=

==h q _ r f^ ` e K
co l j = qt bi cqe = r t =d h l r m=q f` = Eq l m=p_ ` h u q= k o = NMF

=~q ~~G=~G===e b r pfK

D
EOF= ` ~=~=G

= = =^o j v =e r e =E^ ` qfl k F

~~==

j =

EPF= i ~ = =~=!= ~J
J=
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r =~K

c fo pq =r p= r =` ` j ^ gl = E^ ` q fl F=
qe fo a = r p= ~=e r e = x^ ` q fl k F=
qt bi cqe = ^ o j = d o l r m= =Efk q l F=
t f_ qe =^ fo =cl o ` R=Eft l F=
e c l o =h ^ fk = Efk q l F

=~~===e br pb=o =~=n Ns bq=

a =
E~~~q GF==s pfa r e = E ~q FI= l fR_ =_ ~=p=
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l = =~ ~==E=b fh =~G=~=~~=
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a =f=
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=e br pp= ==f=q K

= mn o qfl ff==i bqqbo =l c= fk pqo r ` qfl k p= fk =` l k c i f` q=e e f_ ffq e =^ o b=` ^ _ J=

NK
d _ i i u a K= mbk a fk d = mr _ i f` ^ qfl k =l =N=k bt = a fo b ` q fs b I= q h =cl i i l t fk d

h Ju qn h =fo ` =[ =cl o=fl r o= fe cl h fr qfl k =^ k a = d r fa ^ k ` bK

= _ l r j a ^ fr bp= ^ K= _ bqt bbk = b k q q =l k b=^ =qt bi cqe =^ o h =d o ` r c_
OK

~ =a ^ pe =~ =a ^ pe =bl i k =E^ i i =fk ` i r pfs b=ql =qt bk qf==fe j f

d o l r mF= pa _ gb ` q =j l a fc f` ^ qfl k =_ b j b b e =^ e r s = ` l ~^ k a bh p= ` l k ` _ e k e FK=
= _ _ qffbbk = qt bi cqe = ^ e a = pfu q e =^ = d o l r mp= ^ p= e f= mo _ pbl q=ql =
_K

J=
= E` =f G=
=f~=b K
p ~= i =
F
q E ~=_ ==~ ~=
q =

=
= K
W= ^ {N= ` ~K

I=

={i
D

e fr c` e ^ qo ^ r = Efe ` i q ` fs b =pfu q e =e j f=l h l r mF= a ^ pe = q_ t ` _ =a l j _ pi b=

a ^ pe = ` h ^ qN^ l = p^ r NS=a ^ pe = _ ^ o l e s fi i b=a ^ pe =^ r i n t ~l e q= Ec ^ i ^ b k J=
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EOF= ^ qr t ===o ^o _ a e ~= J=m^a bo _ ` e g=fq j = =

f ==

=EF= r ==NO=^ G\ =d =j _ ===o e fh bK

EPF= _ G= ~ ~~=NM= I=~> !=~= ==o e fk b=

D= =~G=~=~ ~= G=~ ~=G=G=o e Ne h

?=

[ = f=M
G= ~

c =^ K

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f==GG~== a r p q===~ ==^ ~=n =~=K

K
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q =

G= NMN=G==j ~=~q_ j j == [ ==!!= J=

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q
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pr _ ge ` q= i G
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_ = NN{ N===i fG=~=l ~=_ o ^ a i b
i ws bgF=` K=^ i i pk
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K
= ON=^ =d I= ==a = R=^ {= =~
C ==
=~ =f~=Gg====o r e o = ==gr ~==~=
=~= =NO=\ =d ===h ^ ppbi =J=m^ a _ ` r =^ q j K
I= S=g=d I=~J = ===_ =~= =
=o r fk p= r ====~==NO={q =d ==
==
j ==e l j b= o e l k = e fi i =r e _ K
K
= k =j =c q ~= =~= =NO= T=d K

K
= c ~=^ =^ ==f_ =~==~~~==
=i \ =h =d = =G==
=
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=~
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OK
= ~K
= NO=^ T=d I= ==== =~=o e fk b=
~I= =~ ~=~==~~_ =g = =ON=r =d =
=~=r pppi =J=m^ a bo _ l o e =~~K
= f= = =ON=^ =d =~=
= ==== ===g ====~=G=
~== =~ ~=f=p~~K
` h Nd =j l =OTNSQg=

f=n l a m=

r = o = n = _ =j = q=

ql = f= ` l =qe l r F= l p= e r e
o b c _ i u k ` h =q MN=h fi i f^ j =Nu l =mpe =t b =pfd e q =l k b =b fd e q = qt l = ^ k a = _ r l e

^ _ i b= =~~==cfs b=cl r o =qr e bb= == =ma = o b=d bs pk qq= fk q

a fq=` j =ffq e =h Fr e = qe o bb=Te o pb=^ i b=^ _ i b=^ _ i b=^ _ i b= ff=fi i =f=^ e = _ ^ qq^ i fl k = c^ o pk =
h =mNo u o =Pe ` i k =pbTpe =n k w= fk c=l e =t fqe =cfs b=qe h b =wbo l = ^ _ i b=^ _ i b=^ _ i =
^ _ i b= o fi i j =_ Nqq^ i fl h =m^ o bp=j h b=m^ o bk =d r =pff=qr ci _ b= cfs b=q^ o b=a l d =
_ ^ qq^ i fl k = a =ppj =pff=l j b= q^ j h = _ ^ qq^ i fl k =pff` i k = qe fo qbbk =^ o N` g= a fs = Gfqe =
q _ =pe qe N=cl r o = ^ _ i b=^ _ i b= ^ _ i b=^ _ i b= i i f^ j =_ ^ qq^ i fl k =m^ o bk =pr d ^ o = mp` be =
m^ o bg= t a =pr =e o p_ =we Na =q^ o b=a l d = _ ^ qq^ i fl k =_ b= f` s ba = b^ pv = m` qb=a ` [ ` = ql =
qe fo a =^ o N` = ma =pps bl qe =^ o ` =^ k a = qe fo a =^ o j f= a i ^ i = r o bh q=` l l ` r k f{` =n =q^ fi p=
l c= q N=ma = Nk pqe r ` qf` _ p=l k b=q^ o b=a l ` = _ ^ qq^ i fl e = cPo =pbs bk qv = fk c=r e =gqfi i =
i i ` =ma = cl o =qe fo a =^ o j q= ` i e =pbql e qv = fk c =a fs =^ fa =l k b= qe bb=^ o j a = a fs =qe fi i =
_ b=mi ^ ` ba =fk =be ^ pc= o bpbo s b=^ k a = r I=k l q= _ b=j l s ba = b^ pv = l c= j fk b =JKDgK=_

u s fff

ENF= a ~=~=Gj =~==~=o e fk b=e =G=_ l k k = ` _ u J=

~F= =e e ` = Ef ~q ~FK
= ^ ~_ [ ==j ==~J=
= == ~==R= ^ =fYVRX= ~~~= ==~~^ ==
=` ~~~=d ~~I=c ~=~=k =^ ~~K
~ K

EOF= ` =!K
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EPF= _ ~=~I=~=~=~=~~I==~ I= =Q_ =

~==o e fh b=mI=
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j L` =f_ =RQM

o =u i =q D
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EfF= l ~~= ~= =ON=~=NO=^ =d W

=
i ==~~= =a Jd ~ ~==~=h JVMb Q=J=t bd _ be ` = Eh Jt pgF=J=
o e bfk a ^ e i be = Ec JMPUQF= J=q` h ^ fe = Ec JMTPOF= J=d pk h a ` e bk =Ec JNgUQ= E==
ON=^ =d F= J=p` e fbc_ ^ e k = Ec JNSVQF= J=fqfi i f` e = xTJNTVSF= J=h o bcbi a = E^ JNUl {F=
o ~=g =~=^ JNUPNPO=J=h ~=g =~=^ JOgNNUO=J=o ~~==
=o j fe b=o =~=^ JOSTOMS=E~==i O=^ {=d FI=~ =R= ^ =
NV^ RI= == =~ ~ ~=~ =` ~ ~=d ~~~I=k =
~=c =^ _ =~=
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J= J= J= J
EOF= _ =S=~=NO=^ =d W
= p^ ^ h _ r h h be = J=e br j J=
h fo ` e bk = J=k l e qpi a be =J=l _ bcqbgk =J=j bfpbk h b= J=^ i wbq=J=l mmbe bf= J=l o =
d bo ^ r = J=c^ k h qr o q= E~==NO=^ ~=d F= J=~~===h ^ ft =o =
=e ^ k ^ r = J=cr i a ^ =J=t be fh bk = ENN= =S=^ =d FK
EPF= _ j =c =~= q =^ >

_= f=d ~= ~

i bqbk =` K=gi i i bk =
~=d ~I=` P`
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^ I=co ^ j h i fk =h f_ i bo
PG=d ~I=d p`
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I=d JP

= ` ~~=~=~l _ o = ~~ =~=~~~ =i ~=~~~~~~=

c ~~~=fK
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j { | | m=~~==c =~=
=! t { e | i |
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^ ~j =^ =!G=~~ ~ ^ ~{ t { _ q q D
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p` e l r e b a f=J=e a _ fVq ^ mq =J=_ l qe u a f=J=u r d _ a u = ~=~~ =
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~~~= ~=~=bi _ b=_ ~=~~=~= ~J=
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p_ _ g_ ` q = r

= = =~ ~= ~===z

n r l =a ql =MVNUVM

` e = l _ _ = q j =^ e e q=l _ l l c=qgi `

=mo h h fqq

_ f_ q _ =^ j =m^ p^ p=ql = ` j =q j =^ _ r q=l l s =` l _ qo l i =^ q=l h f=cl r o = l _ l =

{!!=q = =_ h _ =^ mo fi =m`

e _ ql r _ q=_l l _a ^ _q= ~~j =l _ = =^ _a ==j _ =^ t f=~~=cl i i l t

q_ _ =h wu Vq f_ a = _ l a _ a ^ o q=_ _ _ l =e r c _ =a _ fqu a =pq ^ q l =^ k a = l ` l k a =_ r q fpe =
^ _ h u _ V=m` =m^ o ^

_ _ ^ o q= ~ ~= =^ _a =cf_ _ q= ~= =_a e _=_ fqbo =ql =_ e r h =_^ pe

h fo h _ =a ^ l _ =_ _ _ _ qg` _ =_ ^ pb =^ r j =e ^ pe =
=
!a _ t =fh r u _ =_ ^ _ =_ a ql _ N=r
=ql = _ r q _ =^ _ e q=m^ _ a =j p_ =m^ a _ h _ a o _ =m^ o h _ =Ga = c a pq =
_ q _ l a p=m^ j =^ K
l = o fl _ q p=ql =_ r =^ _ r q=m^ o b_ =a ^ Vh =_ r =b_ f_ ql l =j p_
>=j _ e =_ ^ c q wt =a ^ pe =pw~r _ l _ G=a ^ P_ =a ^ UUNi =a ^ pe =
q ~J=` ^ p_ =_ ^ a = l h f_ a =a ^ P_ =` r MVq _ ^ i =Pr ^ q b s a =
_ f_ _ _ ` f=mGG_ =! ?=

r _ Na o c =a ^ pe =q e q q PG=m^ _ _ o = _ l qe =q =c r e q =^ o j q=m^ o fp=` ^ pe = wf_ j _ b ^ f_ =

m^ o _ =ql = q r _ b =^ t q =m^ _ _ _ = n ^ P_ =f=
_ ~s l F=j p_ =l _ fc q _ =a ^ pe = =
a ^ po =h _ _ o r _ fh _ _ =a ^ pe =^ i j _ b _ =j p_ =t _ q a a _ i i =m^ _ _ _ =^ i i =ql =c f_ Pq =
gr t =j _ pj =` ^ pe =t f_ r _ _ _ =ql = qe i o g= ^ j f=Ys ^ =l l gh F=Ufl e f_ =qa = Tfo V=
^ _ h q=j p_ =_ l i i Pe a q =b GVe =bu ^ ` _ =a ^ pe =r _ fN_ ` V=m^ _ _ =^ i i =ql = c i e Pq= ^ t q =
=fa =
m^ _ M=a ^ pe =_ ^ a = q _ ~a l a q =a ^ pe =PNC r P_ q =_ ^ P_ =P` t b o i ^ =c^ o _ _ =^ K
u b F=^ j f=c^ e _ _ =c =m^ U^ =l q_ _ e = _ a l e a ^ _ u ~= _ l = ` l ^ _ ` u =ma =m^ o ^ =c fe Vf=^ j F=
_ r o p=?q {q ?=t fi i =` r ^ _ =q _ f=_ f_ _ =ml u q =fh =q _ a =o b Pm_ ` q q f_ =wl e bP=m` =
Ni i =
f_ l _ [ =^ _ r q=_ fi i =h _ _ _ q _ =q_ _ = ` ^ mql h N= l =` ^ ppb >K=m` =m^ o ^ =^ i i =^ ` _ l _ ~=
=Et _ ` r i
j j =_ ~r h l _ r a =l q_ _ =q_ p= _ bo o ^ =^ _ r = wr b _ =o fs b o p=q` =
=

fu _ = =_ =a ^ __=l l qe ^ =_^ pb=p` e r qqe r e =j p_ =` r ft _pq^ ffq= ~

!s q_ _ a f=a ^ s _= ~ ~K=a r _ =^ i c_ r =j p_ =a fbpu h o =~_ ~_ =^ ==
b =^ t q =
=m^ o _ _ =^ _ _ =mo l fu ` q=q _ f=j qq_ b_ e =e ^ j =l c =q l =
M
b_ _ p=l h =PM
j l l J=_ l = ^ p=ql = f_ _ a h _ =fq p=_ ^ mfa =^ a q^ _ ` f= ql =qU_ =_ s _ o = r f_ _ =m` = j =me b J

m^ _ bF=ql o=~=~=q__a _q=ql =q_ =` ^ pq=l _= q_ =^ gl p=f^ pp_ i =j p_

fj fo N_ =ms
_ =u _ ^ q=q_ _ l b= a j =c fq _ =c l a f=l

r =
= ` ~~{ ~=~~ ~=~=b^ pUbi =~~G= { =
m~~~~=fK
l j =J=n l qe ^ = J=i ^ _ l _ _ _ ^ f^ ^ =~~=
= p~~~=~=~~=u
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=pt j r q =_
JO=G~\ =f= ~ { K
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_ o _ _ =~~~
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OK

= =e l r o =~~~I=! ! >! ! =r j =r e
r b f_ n b ~=J=l l q_ ^ = J=p` r i l q b =J=a l a p_ q ^ t =J=_ l o qe Na f=J=a _ h f=J=
=
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^ i q fr F=J=a fb pq _ =l a r =e =j
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f~
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e K

=
i r mwfl =G= = r = =r j =PG

m^ _ _ =^ i i =ql = c f_ Pq =^ _ h q=m^ _ ~=ca =m^ _ ^

_ a a h _ q =_ o _ u b _ =q l q =^ _ b= q e f_ ` =^ l l b p=fp=` e ^ _ d j g= ^ P= c l r j _ =` f_ =

= q = K
K

=
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?q JJD
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G ~~I=f~=^ ~K
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m~~~~= NK
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_ ba qe K= _ ~= ~ ~~==G~~G ~=~=~~~~~=~=~=~~~=~=~ ~K

= ` ~~ ~=~ ~=~=~=h = ~~~=fj =~~~ =>! =

m~~~~=u K
= p ~=~=NJ~~~=! ~~~~~=>! =r j =o l =
~~~~~= =c ~=^ ~K
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=_ ~=~=~~~~=~~=~~~~~K
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J=^ i c fi a = J=a f_ q _ =` r _ a r =e =f_ j I= ~~=~=
=
ON=^ { =n ~ =~=~~~=f~=~ =~ ~~=~=r j =_ =fr _ K
K
~= >=~~j ~=~~=~=~=~~
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=
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=~=~~~=~=~~~=~~=r j =_ j =e =~=~= ~ ~ F=~=
Mj _ j =r j =~q ~~~==~=~~ =~~=_ h r f=~==~=~~~~K
~~j =^ {I
= c
K
ENF= l I= ~~~r ~=~=~~~=~=l ~~~=~ ~= ~ =
= fr G=
=~=e =_ =~~=~ = =~=i wJON=f~=n =~~~\ K
!
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?=D=
D
EOF= _ ~=~J~ ~~=~~=~~=j =~~~==~~=~~=~=~~J=
=~=r _ o = ~~=~~=~ =~J=
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EPF= ` ~~~ ~=~~~=

NO=j =ON
ENF= _
| | | I=~=ENJVQMNORF=J=~~~~=~~== =G=d b gge r =J=fr = E
E^ Jj UOSF=J=_ g= E^ JNMNOTVF=J=fi c _ =J

e r j >=J= =J=` n _cpi a =J=j r _pqbo=JN= K= | | | | | | | = | K|| K

_ q ` t =J=` b i i >=J=b i a f_ l _ =J=_ n b _ =J=Pi wGe G=J= _ q u _ _ _ h b = E~=

=NO=~=n ~ K
EOF= _ ~ ~~=S=~~=r =^ =l ~~=
=_ a _ q b r l _ =J=` d b o pq b fb =J=_ wp_ a wn f=J=^ =
| =| | | | | =K
=_ ^ f_ =
f_ =l _ ^ n =J=c o ^ _ b c r q = E~==r =f =d ~ F=J=~~=k =
e ~=~=_ ^ _ ^ a =J=cn i a ^ = E~=r =S=^ ~=l F=J=j b f_ f_ d b _ =J=` ` _ _ ` =J=
_ ^ w_ fo _ =E~=~=NO=^ =l ~~FK
EPF= _ ~ ~~=c ~=~=q =^ ~= i ^ e e = ~= =~=
t l q= =^ t bb^ l =J=l fb ppb _ =J=_ o _ _ mbi a = J=` o c =J=q e _ p^ =E~==c ~=
f~F=J=wf_ n _ _ e ^ f_ = E=q =^ F=J=_ h fb f=J=r j h r [ =J=_ ^ _ _ j =J=a l q b =
J=n r fq l =J=_ u e f_ _ ^ a ~b _ =J=o fj a _ ^ l pbf= J=q wb e ^ pa f=J=_ l e po ^ j Npr f=J=
r i q f_ b b o =J=_ ^ o qfh c_ i a = E~==c =f F= J=r a i e ^ _ bj = E=q =^ ~I=
==c ~=^ ~F= J=_ l i i pq b a = J=f` fe pj n ~=J=l o i a f=

~ =
E~==c q =^ ~F= J=_ ^ a = qb_ e pqba q= J=pq h ^ b _ ph =J=pl t ~_ a ^ =J=h h ^ o q pJ=
_ _ l ^ = E~==q =^ F= J=~=~F=_ ^ a = h l _ bG=J=r a j _ _ l =J=pql d pb=
E~==c ~=^ ~I= =! ==q =f F=J=wl qw=E=q =
^ ~F=co l e _ r _ d = E=c ~=^ ~F=J=l ` q e ^ e =J=fu p` g=E==q =
f~F=J=o wi Pp_ =E=c ~=^ K
r F= _ j ~~q =GGj =_ r r =~~=c ~=^ =
=r Gr
~=~=~=^ F=J=h l q e a =E
J=_ ppf~s =E
G=c ~=^ {=~=~~=n ` _ N=J=P^ i wNMq q e =J

= a ~~=~=pb ^ s =~=NO=^ =n ~ =_ ~~~~=~~=y=

K
j ~=~=~ ~~e =
~=~~ ~~~~=~~~= Gj G J~= ~=~~gg
~~=O^ = =~~~~K
^ K= ` ~~=^ ~~~~~=~~~r ~~=~K
~~~~=~~ ~~=~K
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RK

= K=_

~~=l ~~~~I=
_
I=MJP
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e J

=J=l ^ ppbi =J=

` r r _ q e ^ i =w_ N_ q fi a =J=~r fj l a ` l =J=fi ~_ r t _ l =J=n a Na J=

=
F=D
_^ a =n j
K
r e _ f_ l =J=` h _ q_ f=J=^ b _ =E~r =~=c ~=^ {F=
= =e b r _
=

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u fu

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e r a n r o q _ o p= q t i c q e =l h =_ l a c =
Nml =SRRI= r = P=^

G !=

f_ ^ h e g^ o qbp= NOqe =r a =d o l r m=
Qml =SRR

_ K= m= K
=

ENF= ` J

ENF= ` K
=EPF

EOF= f~o =a =Er F

xOF= fC
=a

pn _ g_ ` q = i G
=
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I= =^ =
I= q r =^ =
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k ~= e G=^

` ~=l G~j I
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=PK
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=
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j ~I=r =r K=PK
=^ I=^ mn = P{V
NK
= _ =~j =
=
Gj =GGr

I=
I== j =r j

OK
= q K
= j = r =r j j =
= == ~C r =r =r =
_ o i ffI=~=~=r =~~~I=f=~~= G===K
e r q =
= ~==
r =r j =h ~~~~~~I==~~j =j = ~= =r j = j gK
= f=~~=~=
r =r K
=
~G=>>G!=G= G =~ I=GG= r N=~=~ =~~~~=r j =
r =
=G~= = r =!=j j = =r j = j =r _ =G= =G=
j K
= NGT=
fj r j =N =GG=~==E ~=r j = r =~=
r r ==r t j =j ~~~~\ ==~G=~q ~~~G= =G =~~~~=~ ~=
=~G=h r u =o q K

EPF= ^ =mq =ERF

!
= l pMS= [ = P{=EfFI=p{K
=fORM
IM
M
M
I=
gr _ K
= l

l =e [ =^ j u = h K= NI=p~

K
= ON=^ {=l ~=!~r j =f

! ! = Q=
r =
NP
!==r G= j j =

d K= o =K
ENF= ` K
=r F=

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K
= S=GG
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r =G= =~j {= ==~=~
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=^ r _ q _ r =~==~=
=l j r _ = r ~=G=G= = G
K
= h =^ =c ~G

j = r =NO=^ { =l K

u fff

EOF= f
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PM=

L
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a ^ pe =j b r e h ~=m^ e bo =u j =bfn r q=e fj >=qt l =qe e bh =m^ o be =a ^ Rr =u ^ _ r h ` =m^ o _ f

l _l b== =u fl e q= =c^ obk =a ^ pe =_^ u h ba qe =m^ obj ==pbs bk =cfqb=c

c fq >=mo u h =m^ o Uo =^ i i = fk ` i r pfs b=ql =l e b=qu l =^ h j f= l o l a m= m^ o l f=ma =h {pa fq =
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` _ l b=ml r o = bfl e q=qo bb=pu G=u G=c^ o j =ql =q_ fe [ =^ o gl = m^ h h k =a ^ pe = a OpJ

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mbq_ =PNN=p_ s bj = l o b=qr ph =m^o h e =c e e f=^i i = ql =c fpq =^e j T= c^ e ga =mb=qe fp=
^o b^=t fi i = p_ =q r _ >=l q_ =c o l n o Nppfs bi f=_ f=c fo pq =^o gl ` = t fqe = i p^ pq= mo g` J=
qfd ^ _ i b=r h i ^ f=` r =^ p= ^ d bg=_ qh g=` r t r pa fe ` =` be pr i i p= c fo pq ==qe fo a =
^ o h fbp= ma =c fo pq=^fr ` f= Gfi i =_ b=mo pc^ a =ql = n qbe r =e e =pb` ql o =l c=o bpJ=
mt _ f_ fr q q =ql = q l =pl r qe b^ pq=^ p=qe b=p^ qfl e =a h s h i l mR= ma = m^ o ^ =q e o r =
c a = l _ b=l m= f_ pq i r q fl f` =^j a = o l ^a p= qe o a r n e = ^o b^p= ^ gn =l qe l =h h bpp^ e f=fh J=
q^ fi p=t fi i =_ b=_ f=j r qr ^ i =fmh h s _ q =l m= ^ _ r =` e _ E^ ga n Yp=` l p` fo g_ a =c a =
pfd e a =_ e ^ a i e =n b_ f=l r N=qe b_ =l k b=bfd e q=qCo bb=qt l

e L` =a ql =M NMN

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n r fq= qe o bb= l h b= NN=d bq=ml r h =pNMe q=l m= Ne l =ff` _ q =^ m_ fi =l h f=

mo =` l u = ma = qpfp= ` ^ _ i b=pr mbo pba bp= l bb=pfu =^o e q= d o l qc = ` r i b=c gi h a =

!L` =a ql = O_ r OR=

e L` =b_ = RVU=

` o fl =a ql =O_ r gl

^ ` qfl k =ql = l =ma = qr ` i a = j fq pgg=pq^ qbp=^ o fa = q^`

fo ml =ql = = qt =ma =c fo pq=r k fqba =pq^ qbp=e l ` =q^d
qe o bb= ma = o f_ qe = r h fqh a =pq r h =^ r l = ml _ a ^e a =
ml l o = ma = mmq _ l e =j fqh e =pq q _ =^_ j q= h _ ^ a =
mfs _ =ma = a r b=qt l = ^ o fa = d o l r m=e ^ e

l mbo ^ qfl fp= ql =e fa ` ` f= qOb=o h a l qqa q=^o b^=^_ a = l ` ` r mv = t ^ q=m^ _ =a m=^ r pNh f^ =
l mbo ^ qfl e ^ i
mo fl o fqq

m^o ^=l o b=ma = f_ =` l j mi f^k ` b=t fqe =pr b G=a a r b q =a ^ qba =qe F=ph s be =^ mo fi =
i bqq_ =l m= f_ pqh r ` qfl j R= t _ b=qt pe qf= l k b=qe fp=e b^ h Fa ^ qb_ R= fp=^j b_ a ba =
_ f=qe b=ml i i l _ n =ma = m^o ^= qt l = ma =l h b=qt l = ^ j a =d o l r m= m^ _ b_ =qe fo a =^ ~q=
c ^ o bN= t fi i =n l e qf_ r b=m_ b l =a o fs b=ql = bc c b` q=gt ` qfl f=e qe =qe b=o r ppf^ G=
ff=qe b=a ^_ a _ b=s ^ i i a =^ _ a = ql =pbfwb=~i _ j =pbj f=` i _ = ^ j F=_ fi i =^a s ^_ ` b=
h ^ mfa i f=ql = pbfwb=qe b=_ o a ` f= m^ o bf=b^ Vf=a ^UNg=bfd e q=ml l o =pfu =ph qbj =m^o ba =

NI=MS` =
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a ^ pe =o ba Pq^ a q=m^ o b_ =^ _ i b=a ^ pe =qe o bb=l bb=bfd e q= l _ b=m^o be =^ o f^ =^e [ = l ` ` a qf=

q r q =m^o q= l m=f_ _ q =f_ =wl h b=ma =m^ o ^ =qe o bb=ma =pr q e =^o e u =l o l \ =` l qj r l =
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l r =pb^ i p=qe b=_ h j e b= m^ pp= ^ ba = l ` ` r mfbp=qe ^ f= m^ o q=l c =l br ^ _ f=^ D=^ a Pqe r =
ff=wl e b= c a =m^e ^= ml h =ma =pr _ gb` q=ql =^ t N_ qj bo =ff=a bq^ fi =_ =fj ` q=` l j J=

j L` = l h =OTr OV=

j L` = =@r K=

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l m_ ^ q fl r K=c r l h f=

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a e l a r q b r =` e ^= fp=^p= _ bc l o b=ql = me ~e n =m^ o b_ =ql = l _ b==^o _ w=
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K
fG==EG F=

!E F= pq =a = ^= ^ I= =G! = =f=
!!E== =
=
r = =l =r = p=^ ?I= =f ~= ==G
=_ b=a l =
GG==K
mb _ o r === G =pwbn c e fh a = i ff_ =
G
EN= =
= a G~=G =O
PK
!ENF= _ j =fj = =p=^ =l KN
E=q j =^ =l F=J=l e ^qj MNq= E wl _ { l F= J=J c ` b ^ fr r =xq fRl q RF= E=
=` r ` =EGPMMRF= =h l a J=

Pi Kt I=^ =EJ bF= J=e ^u b=^qf= o _ =` ^ e r K=

po r e f_ =E n r l F= G=_ =p^ ^ o Jf` pi pf=a gi ==^ ~o p` e gff=x{fa F=
E NN==q =^ =l F=J=c e _ q fh pf=a o fr ~p=EQq wT= J=p^ i =
xG{SPr z=E==p~=^ I=J~ F= J=i l o bh qwj = Ei l o ~wa F= EGn RVPVF=
e ` bb_ ^ ` e = n SRj F=J=t pfph ` e =Eh bfph fp` e _ cF= E{ NTNRSF=J=t fe fbo _ ^ ` e =
x!n UMTUF=Ge ==_ ~~=^ G=l F=J=_ gr pqh e =E!UTVQF= J=G=g J=
_ l { \ =E=
MMVRF=E==p=^ =n ~ F= J=h _ e i l a =E
==E
PNMT= J=c q h J=
a SF=J=d o pqi a q=E
fp=^ =l \ F=J=_ fph be l =E
GRPN=
fe bfh =e l pP= E{r l d F= EGNN==p=^ =l J F=J=i ^e c _ h fba bfk = E
x=ft =^ =Eg FK?
=
=f=gt gc ~r fp^ a =j
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G=~J==f=^ K

= =u u = `

q_ fe a = r ffo a =pq_ p= r t q

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e q` b= gK
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I=o G=_ =r p=NRU\
!r _ gh q = ^ j l j =! =g==l m[ a _ =a
g& NI==` GI=^ md = RMPI=a = U
=
=MGG I=fff=l I=^ml =gNOI=a = p=^
=l j GK>I=r = ` GI=^ m` =PMI=a = U=^ q_ g

=P==
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I
G
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u s fff=J

=h ^ a a l u =
e K= MK
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^ ` = =pK=PJP

=j ^ a a =
K
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=r j fqr f

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^ p=PTMKO=~G
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fq G
pr pgf` q = l ~~=a =
F= I
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NK
GIK= j G=fu =` G==mj _ ~ ==G=qwI=^ q j I= Ep=
G=fff=~=
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l q_ gf` q= l ~~=a q K

=a = P=^ \ =
GGI= fff=` I=^ ml =PMPK
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I=^ l =NNOK=r =p=^ q G=
=u ff=` K
D= C GGK
l G~I=u u = ` I=^ ml =RQMI=r = P=^

=MG ~I=fff=` GI=^ ml =PMP

` =~GI=u ff=l GI=^ ml =PNOI=l =P=N

=PGG=u u = a GI=^ ml =PQMI

= q =a = p=^ = I==~~==Gq ~=J=

NK
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z= I
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OK
===

G=
I= m G===_ =f=a G= =!
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==! =
Gr
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=
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OK

j == I=
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K
!=

= G=

r _ Y ===pT=f=a q= =
= _K
K

j =P^ ^ o =o fqu o = =G

K= EUj
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K
_ K= ^ ~~= =l g= !GG=k br gh ` e e g= =i ~=

= f=` GI
OK
= ^ G G=Jj r _ == G=h G= =u u = l a GK
GK
= c ~GI===S=^ =a =Ga = S=l =l =Eo GF==u u
K

=_ T=f
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l = ~==UT= =a q=I={ ==a ==q

QI= u u = ` G=ER=f=a q I=\ M=f=a q I= \ | R= f=a I=NM=

= =GF=
=
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K

= Or { =s f=p=EJ_ =_ F=?GR=_ = _ I=
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=~=Pl =_ G= E` GGG F= = =a =
= G=u u =` G= G= GG~==fff=` G=
K= ~GK=xGG G!==fff=S GK

~G= G==^h Kd j = G
= G=OS=f=a G=G=GK
K

=G[ K
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GIK= G= q ==fff=l G=GGK

GQ= I= =S
= ^ G G=a ==S=^ = a q= ~^= GG
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KG=G==q ~~
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G= Q= _ =!G=G= G= e I= ==G =G~GC =

= G=G=G_ j Gf= =G_ K
K=G= G= e f=l K= = I=u u =` K

l _ ^ o q=o K= l ^ Kq=
=r KpK=^ =
=MGj GK
K

` G==V

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q K
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^ = =i ~j =a j ~=m^ qq` e
e MS^ o q=ffK= l ^ q=

_ K=~K= ~

I=MV` =
p=M ~
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=MJP
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u fu

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= e f=` =
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f
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=
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=l ~~I=q =` I=^ c` = PMUI=r = ~=^ =
X=_ ~~I=fff=` JI= t ` = PNOI==P=^ ~=
` ~~j =d ~I=h u = l ~I= ^ ml = PQMI= r = p= ^

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f=
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f=~= =
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f_ _ ^ q=o K= d ^ q
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G=
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q r =r = T=G= ~===
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f=w` u o k ^ ` e = x
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c o fb p= r a

q e r a =fj NNs F=Rq Nq b P= r l fq

G=NIMP

l ~~=a K
` a =MGGEr I=q =` ~I=^ m` = PMSI=` =p

~==q =r = p= ^ K
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>
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=
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q G= ~~ = =G=G= = == =~=q ~~= =

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NGNM

_ K= q =j == =` _ = ~~=~= f= l ~ ~
GI=l =ON= a ~^ =B II= ~= ~~K
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= f= QQN === ~= ~K
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K
c fq p>== ==Pfq fq = EMVPTRF=Yb F==q q l u j = ENPOSGRF= EfFK

=l r =
e l p^ a q=o K
=
_ ~=l ~~~=r K= VK

` ==p~

=a I= NM=^ ~=fF>q = ~==

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EPF= Pt =_ = l _ = e = = S= l ~==fq =` I= NNU=~

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=
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= =^ ~~=p=n __f

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RK

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e K= MK
GI=E_ l =
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= ^ G= ==^ =J=f==QN G==pq K=q r _

K

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g=a q =~=~~=GF=
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e fj gn r ^ e qbo R
qe fo a = r k fqba = pq^ qbp= ^ e h q
^ m` = QMP

fq pI=qql ^ =o _ J=m= NSRV=

pb gh ` q = ^ j a b n = k =N= =l ~~=a =
G=NVQ{K
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O=d e f` `
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^ d = PTM

= ^ =k = N= N
r _ f_ ` q W

~I=TNNN=` I==PMUI=ff=P=G K
=n

w=a =NVQQ

=d ~I=fff=` I=^ ml = PMPI=M=P=^ ~

J= =~I=q =` ~I=^ ml = PMUI=r =P=^

K=d ~I=u ff=` I=^ ml = PNb I= r p=^
=d ~I=e =` I=^ ml = PQl I=r = p=^
K

= f=l = EQ=f=j I=g==a q I= UM=f=a q I= j =

RK
a q =~=~~=~F= {
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f~== =~~=a q = === i ~_ ~===

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SK
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K

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G=f
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= e f=` ~= X
OK
=US=a = QQK
M
M
q =OM

F==fff
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K

= e G= ` ` ^ = V=^ =a ==fq q = ` =~=fp=~K

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K

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m_ K_ _

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e b t ^ e q r l

a =l gfqfa =q q~=G
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u u = ` G= W
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\ =n k N` `
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NI=MP` =
h =n K
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=i ~=d ~=m^ qq` e

= pq =r = P=^ == =~ = = =r
K

=MGN
e a _ ^ e q= c K

= q =r = P=^ =
OK

= ` fJl _ _ = =p^ g=o fq b o = = f=q ==t e qt ^ ` e = i MRPR=

K
~= = ==me r =q i i h = f= ===_ ` t F= {{_ K

= r l a =
e K= MK
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=E=^ =b =~= ~~=GI

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GK

= m~~~==^ = a >q= ~=~~= ==u ff=` ~K

K
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uuf

G?=

p= D
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t fpb= =~=^_r q=
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` ~~n b =d G ~I=gl b= OVN\ GI=Qml =P{MI=` = P=
c =p p= CqhgqI

qgP^ = oYb =e = NTOR

f_ =

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K_ = =h l k wJh ^

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{q \ ==t o _ f=qmqq_ = x=f=a =p=

^ X= J=q l P~h =GmVNRN= X
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g=T=p= ^ F= J=pf=s ~=
q mVRVU=J=pr {q fK
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==?>[ !=!G

ql =

= ` K
LJI=d I=s fff=` I=^ ml = gl pI= r = = ^ K
NK
= ~~~=fI=[ zGG
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~~=
G_ N===
!!=GG= =~=fh r b = o fs bo = = =
=Rfs b q =~= =
== =~= = ~=l q_ c= = =

=
=K
e _ =K
OK
= ^ =b I= q g=\ =p= ^ =~=~Gs G=~=~=GK=
~~=
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K=
=~~= =Q
=>?!
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EPF= _ G[ GGn =uu= ` xK=GG>=f=` ~= ~=G I

>I= _ _ n =ge =` G=~=NNN= ~= j l K` f=qc SNOO=J=b =
{g=J=p` ppq _ = SS=J=` o = = K
^ l =J=pg=
=
qDTM[ \ =Eg= ~ G==fff=` GF=J=~G=G=qcTNR\ =
= mT` RS= x==` F=J=bpbgl o e = \ TSg=E
=fff=
` F=J=GbNpQNm^ ` _ = qmSNTO= E~=fff=` GF= J=pNa l _ N` _ =
qmSSTS=J=E=u ff= ` KF=J=~=gfs b_ ==q{ l _ g=E=fff=
` ~FK= Er G= = =^ o i l e = =bi i = ~=u ff= ` FK
ERF= _ =fff=` ~G==s fff=` K= e u s m` o ^fbr =mFr l =
J= =e =t h e j ^ qp^ a = r [ = _ ^pf` l s b= mRRRU=r ==q =
` =e ^ pe u gpp= =fff=` GF= J=GG=
=_ ^pq` qPe =
T=J=e ` i ` Ne l ` q=qmTTTR=J=_ l l r = mUNUN=J=EG
!fff

GGj G==fl Upf=h =

= =G=[ G~== ~ ~= K
q =`

QK
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f= =m =` = p= ^ =

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J==E

F=
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uufff

= m~~~ =O= = EOz= Ec =~= a =r = p== ~F= >!=

OK
~=G=~=I=~=~GG>

u u = ` G

s fNe =
e = _ a b_ = =h r q c b =q mgr RTUO= E=c J=F=p=^ F=J==
c MRRPU = E=f==p= ^ I= a =G==c ==P=^ F= J=
i MTOn TT=
i l ph bfh = i l \ RVSR= Y= q =T=p= G F=J=co ^ ql e pe l _ =
=!i Nr PVRO=J=
E=c =r = p= ^ F=J=h pl e pe b` qd =t i NMRVTM= J=pe b e v fgK
^ i ct a l mKc= x NPYXTO= E! >>== s IQ=NP= p= ^ F=J= d b o pa l o c =
i O\ u [ MO= E==r = p= ^ FK

^ ~=f

= m^ qq` e
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dK
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^` = =pI=MJP

N` =

` ~~a ` = pI= fff=` I=^ q ` = l gI=` = P= ^ K

RI==P= ^
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~j K
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=p
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` I=^ ml = r [ I= GX= p= ^ K
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=mTMR = E[ = fff=` F= J=
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F= J=
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K
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g=
EF=J=pl a po = c K
` e ^ _ mc ~Kq =q mTSRV=J=f{o j l = mUM = E= =NNN= W
K
J=fo e ff^ N_ b Ng=q mVNSR= EG==u ff= ` X

~=k = ql p^ = NTPT

= _ ~= =e f=~=s fff=` = E~~~=O= = NRFX= N?=

OK
= m = r ==~~=~=q c STST=J=e ` e fs i i =
~= =
TmTMSV=J=!r gr e r j d l = mTTTO=J=i bfqe i t = mUPTQ=J=pfl r _ ^ ` e = mUTS= E~==
fff=` ?FK
=d =m^ q q b k X
=r G GK
_ = =^ =

l ~I=fff=` I=^ ml =PMPI=a = p= ^ =

I=q =` ~I=^ ml = PMUI=qF= R= ^ =

d
pI=fff=` E= ^ ml =PNO=r =p=^ =
` _ I= ^ ml = \ gl I= r = R= ^
d _ I=~=
I=s = g=^ K
c = O
c G b K

b G =e = q l pN= NTV

~=d G_ I= fff=` I=^ m` = Pl gI=a = p=^ =

~n ~= d ~~I=Tfff=` I=^ m` = gl I=r = p=^ ~=
=
b= {j I=u ff=` I=^ ml = gNOI=Ng= p=^

=d ~I=u h = ` JI=^ m` = gl I=r = _ =^ {

X
~

EOF=

K
~= ^ o a b k Kb p= V

=
=r = h = ^ J=I= d fs q =ql NIJ\ ?D
= c
q r q f=I=
r = p=^ z= J=e b i i fh = c QSSM= E=f=r = p= ^ F= J=` ^ K
h=
`r e`D
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b=
e
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l ` e _ b =J mTSTUN= J=e g=
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J=e ^ i i ~` e r d = i ~Ts {D

e l _ ^ e q = h K=` ^ q

=pK
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~K
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Eq c IR_ X
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~=_ f^ q Jh b t _ fr = ` o gl pF= J=t ^ o EJyPbk = c pl F= ~ ~= = G
g ~= _ l k k = E mRPRSFI
q ~=== = Iq p=b fo ` Lq b h = E c PROD

PI= f=r ==^ ~= =~ ~

= =K
=~= r =K
=J=c =r = p= ^ I= ~~G=
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=a ^ p_ r o d = E mPRSOF== {~== G==

= J= r X=
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~ ~===h fi i =o fs b o K
f=` = E\ =^

=
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u u fs

~=

mKF

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j ==o _ ^ `D=e =
F=J=
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J= ?=J= # =?=# # = D# # # =
` o bbh =h =qm~qJ= J===e be e ^ ` e = ?NGN&bo == G!J=
=g h = G=Yqgo = o e qNo = J

EffF= _ = ==~~=~==~==~ ~
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b p` fa = mVMb = E=s zzz= ` FI

=a q I=JKa = =r I=
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K
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f

=fff=~=u ff=` = ^ _ i l e = q SOO=E=NNN=` F= J=

P= J=q l i _ o l ` h = mUOgV= J=a fp ` b =c _ S =EGNN==u ff=` F= J=

N\ =Y==fff=` F= J=l r h ` e _ fa = i MNRS= E=u ff=` GFJ

=a q I= KJl
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f

xNF= ^ K

=b
f

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=p
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EOF

e l _ ^ _ q=e K= q
=^ =
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` ==p t

=
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=b d c e fb a = i fk h = f=G=~=
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=~
=EOF
EPF= l = =
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f==
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j ~~=~~= =z
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g=
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=_ = e fpGK= NTST

_
P= c J=NVR
N= a q G
Rr _ gb X= l ~~d j K
{ ~=d ~I=fff=` I=^ m` = PMPI==P=^ =
` ~ j =P~~I=q =` I=^ c` = PMUI=r = P= ^ =
I=p~~I=u ff=` I=^ m` = gNOI==P= ^ & =
P
` G= p~~I=u u = ` I=^ m` = \ l I=s =p=^
= ==~=~=~= =~===
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b= ==
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= Rfs b q = El JK{q r F=f==

= m=~= _ ==p= ^ ?W

= _
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t J=` = p=J F=J=e b i i fk = Eq mNOSFE =q =` = p=^ F=J=` h ^ fqi l e = Eq c IMTMF
b =
=~=i D

=q ==^ a o f=Eq mRN{RF= J=

l r o _ fb =o fq b o = =
J=i D
e fs bp= J=` l q w= Eq mTOITUFE~=c =NN= p=^ = J=p=q =Eq m{~FE=q =
ISFE=q =
= =G= =m=M= p= ^ F= J=i l pe bfh = E r [ gD
` = p= ^ K
a = p= ^ F=o ^ r b l h p= Ej >q VTFEl =c =s = p=^ ~F= J=h o ` fqbe _ r e d = E j l L\ F
e gYVRF= J=^ f{pa l e c =E i ONYTFE~= = _ == h = ^ F= J=cqNk J=
J=p_ r gpffi =
l bPNPa YPNT= EGN RMMF= E=c =r = p= ^ FK

= F
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JX=
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F=J=i l e l qfi i q= Eq SIC FF= J=o g=~=q mC q {i = J=^ ppb i ~h k =
?f>=` K
F=J=ffr mm^ a ~b =Eq mVMSq f= J=b^ i _ t f= Eq u C >F= J=
SF=[ NN= =s fff=` ~K
Eq m\
FK
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fPN
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bp` e cbi a = !G\ GWEC \ F=E~==fff=` ~F= J=i e fa bff_ ` Jo = E

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=E G
EGmTMROFE==F=J= gbo Ki qw=[ mqPRRF= J=mfe qpqW

=
=
EPF= _ = E K~J_ = =~~=~==~~==~q G
e = h s I=o fv ~K

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RF= J=Dl pfj ` h = Eq mUORUF= J=c fpb ^ ` f>= Eq mMSD
h l i w= Eq c T?D
{==fxf=` FK

E m

=
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ql =

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d ~=d ~I=s fff=`
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l ~~=n ~I=u u = ` GI=^ =gl I=M==^

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NK
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q
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c =r = U= ~~=f=~~=
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OK
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GI= b K

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K

= wff=` G= J= i ffu ~` ~d =J=~= =K

K
k s r = J= =G=G>K
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l c c f` f^ i K=

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` F= !=l q q R` b b fa = E=h ff= ` FK

= f=` = E{=f=
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uus

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q` =

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` h =l I=u u = ` I=^ \ =gK
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f= ~==f~ j = =~J~ I=f=

~= =c =G= a =xF= p=^ _ = =~I=q G=
m=NQRK=! ! =G& =

& JK ~= l ~JK
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` _ = ^ h K
=f=` K
I=^ ml = PNOI=r = R= ^
W
Kr c = l I=bu = ` I=^ \ ` = r l I= r = = ^
qe fo a = r e fqba =pq ^ q b =^ o j v
~=~~=~= W
= e l qi Jfi DJ= pfD
KD
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q l {XJF= E=c =r = p=
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g= Eq c TTVa =J=
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l _ ^ pq=~K
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b ~q G=~=~I= ~= =s fff=~=u ff=` =

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` F= J=e r k bp_ ` e = r PUS=J=_ l l p= r h ` =J=h r h e bh _ bt >= i RUVP= E ==q =
` K
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= f=` ?=~
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?=_ l r p=q mt ==
q o fb o =i OMO=J=q o fb o =J=be o ^ g` = i OQPR=J=n r fk q= i ORPS=J=_ fi e _ ` e =
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` =M

K
I=pff=` K
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GI=uu=` I=^ cl = P{MI=r = p= Q
m~= ~=~=s fff=[ =u ff=` ~==
=h _
GK
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p` e b f_ = i ` d SR= _ = =s fff=` ~F=J=_ ^ r bi = ^ {=E=u ff=` F= J=
mr c fp` e b fa =t i MSSR= J=o ^ ga q= fJMSST=J=j {p=o fs bo =~= i ` u IST=E~==s fff
` FK
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uus f

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l ~~j = K
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P=fff=` G= ~=_ ==== k t p= o fs be = ~= i l yST= =qp` e ba

I~= I` =i

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t i RVVP= J=h ^ =t i SPVP= J= l ` e fbk a s j ` =?NTRV{=J=_ ^ ppb pb = i U{VR= J=h P_ J=
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h MSr =E NN==q =?=p=^ F= J=h fo ` h NNbfr = xfa i ^ k Dh k =GNVNU=E==

^ F=J=r K
fb q =GOTOT=E=q =r = p= ^ ~F= J= X
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PK
l c c f` f^ i K

e ` _ Nh q=o K
=d ^ q=
U
r
=l ~ ~I=r K= pK
=
d =
=pG

i ~{=d ~I=s =` I=Nml =Pr

I= r = p= ^ {=
~K
?=` ~~I=fff=` _ I= ^ l =KNOI= r = P= Q=
j =d ~K
I=e =` I=^ e P= Pl I=r ==^

e K= ` I= j ^ a u e
_ h _ =d ~I=d p`
^ ` = =pI=` J[

NK
= s fff=` = ED
=D
` =g=r I= UT=g=i q I= UV=~
=i =~=
~==

e K= ` K=r ^ a a l u

z~J~_ ===~ ~a {=~~ ~J=G

OK
= f=` G= ER=
=a I=OS=D
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` I=S=^ ~=r =~=~~=F= W

??D

=j ^ =h Ns qODK= ~\
K
= m~=
~=
==j

~K
= pT=~= ~~ G=~=~=~==h e fk z= g q ==
= ==^ f=
PPRSK= Ee L=~= =u ff=` =~K=e r q=
~==~~= =u ff= ` =~ =~=_ =^ f=s e e = ~==j ^ fh p
K
=_ = ~==D
=~=
` I=r =` I=^ h [ = PMUI= r = p=^ L
` ~~ ~=d I= fff=` ~I=^ ml =PGOI=r p=^
` ~=n ~~I=r =` I=^ \ M=PQ` I= r = p=^
~~= ~= =q =~=r =r = =
^ e =~= == ~=K=~=G=
r TPOQa PI= GpTPRNg=~=
!h t TRPP= f _ ==p =r = e = ^ = = =~===q =r = ~
_ =_ j =
=i ~=l ~~~=m^ qql e

` K= q =
=~~W
= a == fqp= =~Ju ~~=OT=J=OU=~K
=

^ ` = gFTMKO=d l f` `
pr _ gb ` q W
= l ~~=a
` ~ ~q =d ~I=s fff=` I=^ h [ = PMSI=r = p= ^ {=
X=d ~I==` I=^ cl =PNOI= r = p= ^ =
=d ~~I=ff=` ~I=^ ml = PQMI=r = p=^

K
= S>=~=VQ=f
=r = K= = ===^ ~
~K
= ` =~ =~
_ K= _ _ l =fff=~=r =` ~W
= xq ~~I=~
= =r q=
l ==j e =s e F= J=q =e ^ fh = fs ==g = =h r h b
r s gJ= ~= r QMRR= =e ` e pf= {RUST=E ~= ~ ~==fff=` GgK

=
=EF=

K
= _ =s fff=~=e =` W
= q == =~K
=
K
= l W
= k = ~K
=

e l _ ^ gJKq= K
=d ^ v
_ ~=d _ ~~I=r K=pK
=^ =
E==~

f =^ =N
e I= ` K= j ^ a r l f
_ ~=d ~I=d p`
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u u s fff

a I=V?g=f
=r == =F= = =Y[ _ =
J=
~==
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E FK

RK
= ^

k =
=
ENF= _ =s fff=` ~=~=u u = ` =J= j r RP= J=j OMSR=J=
l p` =J= j SMVMK
EOF= _ =u u = ` =~=fff=` =J=
==~~==
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EPF= k =
=~= ~==~==~ ~=~ ==
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==
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QK
= _ ~W
~K
= _ =c =K
=q =r = p= ^ ~~W
= r h = i l gVT=J=
pq ^ a q h v r = i NPVR= E=q = r = p= ^ g= J=!t gKb e _ ^ ` e = r OVO=J=fg^ p>bk = i SPVP=
J=i r qpbi = i VMVU=~=~=~=~=
=gr r b =s r =~=~=i ^ e u =
gs ==^ r r bk ^ r = ` PTMM=J=n ggppge = d STON=J=_ _ b c b i a = d p~{= J=h q n c =
d VS
=J=q h b p^ =Ke l gC U= J=e r q wi ^ = e MPU~= J=h ^ t gr ` = _ VUOO= E~==L

=
r = R= ^ {gJ= c ~=~=q =r = ~=^ ~_ =~ ~= ~= == ~

K=J=h g~i =J=e ^ oCr j g= ~K

K
= _ =s ff=~ =fu =r ~W
= m =>k d k = RO=~=o r Nk f=
c i fr =={s fi r = QOTRV=J=` i ^ ` b ^ gg= j OSSS=J=k pe k =
r PO\ P=J=n _ C J=
{h {_ ^ ` =KNQQMTS=J=^ g` m^ e = j RR_ b= E~==s fff=` ~F=J= e h e j = r RVVM=J=
[ Dc^ c c b k fP^ ` = j C VO= J=c^ r h _ ^ ` e = QVV=J=_ qh ^ ` e = d SSMQ=J=d h ` ppb J=
i Nk r bk = {MSRNR=J=h i = i fk r b_ = d SQU= E~==ff=` K
FK

M
K
= _ =u ff=~=e K
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= g =
=j ^ fk = ~=e fk p=
o fs ql p= =!e QMRR=J=r ^ fe =gs _ == j TOSV=J=fgr e =p i r pe I= TOTV= J=n u ^ be =
?!TPUQ=E~==u u = ` F= J=fi ` q ^ a q = j TST=J=pf^ a bk = h PPVP= J=_ ^ a =
p^ r e ^ r pbe = l pVa O= J=p` e l qqh k = d VUNO= J=d b pe ^ fk = e MSOM=J=a =
!e NMOQ=J=e b Ui MS= e NQOU=J=r a bk ^ bpk = g
S=J=k fj a bo ^ r i ^ = e P=
wa = e PVR=E~==fff=` FK
EfF= p

~= g~
=^ =d

N= =i K

= ~~===j =pl qo ^ =
j TS=J=i ^ e d p^ i w^

OK
= e f=` = EOS=~
=a q I= TN =f=a I=VM=f=` >q I= r =^ j

~K
= o ~=~==~==f_ o = Eq ~

a q =~=~r =~F=

~K
= m~~~= =
=Q=^ =a >q ==q =` ==^ ~=K

p^ ^ o _ Ur ` h bgg

K
` mmJq e b a J=
>QQPV=J=d ` d p= d bo ^ r = W
RPNS=J=^ q fu c r pq =
>SSS= E~==f
=~=d F= J=o ~~==
l =NKf^ fgT= e fs r \ = =e ^ _ ^ s = j p{qp= J=cr i a ^ = e PTNU=J=e J=
a fd be =t e VMwg= E~==p~=^ =d FK
=

~=~~= ~= =pq =~=

fm=r p^ =~~= p~ = ~G=m~=r = ENF===YpK=
d bo ^ r = r RPT=J=h ~pgb i a b e =? VRP=J=f^ Nt bk =?D
STRR=J=
a fbNwbp_ ^ K` e =
NNTT=J=e ^ fNb fr p` j = r VSM=J=e ^ h ^ l =NGMITN=
J=` b i pb e = j a r TV= E~==~=r = p= ^ FK

_ =~

~K
= d ~= ~=G=~~=E~ ~~FK

m=^ = ==~=f~~>=f~

K
= c s q G==~~~I=== ~I==~

~K
= m==EG F=
r ==q =ff=p=^ K
PK
= u f=` =ESR=f
=a q I= PM=~
=l I=S=^ ~=a G=~=~=
~=F= =

~K
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K
= R=f=a >q= = =f=q` ^ k u cr o q= ~~=~= G

~=
I=~
= == = ==^ ~==
=! J
J==q =d r ppb e = n SSONK

N= c W

N= m^ qql k

~K
= q a =f
=l q a =J==_ ^ a = h o br wk ^ ` e K
e l b^ o q= K
=d ^ N=
~=d
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=
` ==p~

K
= m=
=EF=~=
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K
= \ r =^ ~~=a =J=q [ =fa e Jl _ ppq fRK
_ = ~=
=i ~=d ~=m^ qql e W

QK
= _ ~
~K
= _ j =q =~=u ff=` == Nn b a pr r i ^ =
e POS=J= ~=
_ n r gpr ^ f e = r RSRP=J=r o b pr r i =e TPSM=J=p^ qqpi pq^ a q= e \ PS=J=l l qe ^ = gMUSF

J=~qj Jf= gPOSU=J=o br r o = gROTM=J=n e mql ~q_ a q=t RUT` = E~==s fff=` GF

r ` _ ^ o f= o K
=d ^ f=
_ ~=n I=a K=pK
=^
` =
=RGq

r K= d I= j ^ a u ff=
_ ~=d ~I=
^ ` = =pI=d JP

J=g e ^ =GgTMSS=J=h fppj _ r o d = g\ wTw= J=i l fqwp` e a qw= t Ca VTP= J=^ i qge _ l r g=

PMTR
J=i r e Oe r l =Gh ROTQ=J=fq q Gb r F^ = h CSGTU= E~==fff=` GF=J=e ` Sp_ f=UVSU=
E=s fff=` z= J=a o bba b= q OMVM=E=fff=` FK
K
= _ j = =~=ff=` == pm^ e d bk _ Pr =Ge gRUN=J=l _ e a ffb=
K
b R

=J=e l i r r pbe = bfVMVP= J=^ i i e bk r ^ fbCk =t MVVT=J=_ a ` e bi = gP_ VV=J=_ ^ a =

_ N_ o N=
gUB =J=i ^ a ` r ^ = gT VV=J=fb Npppe m_ i p= t VpVT=J=r r q gr r e a ` o q =h l gI
J=` e ~^ =b l ^ =J=MS` e ^ qw= b Tr P=J=pq o we r =_ pgOM= E~==q =r gK

_ K= n K= j ^ a a l
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^ ` =
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_ = ~=
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el_^oq=oK= d^f

_~=d~I= rK= PK= ^G=

`==p~

e K= d K= j ^ a a l
_ ~=d ~I=d pd

^ ` = =pI=MJP

^ ` = PTa KO=J=~
pr _ gh q = l ~~

f=d GGI=TM=f~=a r I=^ml = QNSI=ff= p= ^ K=

f=d ~I=NP=^ =` q I=^ ma =OSPI= a = R=^ K
NK
= =q l =f
~=a ===~~=
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~~=e r =o =J=_ l mm^ o a = EUVUNF= J=_ e ^ r e pe ` r f= EUQSSF= J=pqh r e _ fh ` = EMu VF=
J=_ ^ a =b r r wr ` e = EMVPF= J=l _ _ j a l h c= El gOPF= J=l mmb r e =Et l FI=~=fJ=
~ =E ~~FK
= f= =~

=~~~=~== =
=^ =m~=j ~~~=~=^ L=n JRX
=f~==

~K
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e b^ a n r ^ o qbo p
q e fk F= r e fq gr =pq ^ q h = ^ o h =
^ ml =QM\

ql m=p_ ` o b f=
^ = d d I= qr p^ =
f= | | | | | | =
a ~= O=f=QR

~K
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==p= Eq ~~FK

QK
= l G==~= =~=!~J=q ~~Ga =
~J=
~=~r =Eq FK

K
= m=^ T= = G=~=~~~=f~

OK
= q=NPr =^ =t q fKfl a =NNN== G===^ { =
~~=_ r _ =EOPOUF=J=h qqi ` g=EMRRF= E=f ~z=J=_ l mm^o a = EUVpNz= J=
U_ ^ e N_ r l t f= EUQSSF=J=Pq pl _ fj =EMPVF=J=_ ^a =h h br wr ` r = EMVPUF= J=` S\ gfa ` o g=
El j gF= E= q =J=p^ ^ o i ^ l q_ r f= EOUUMF= E K
q F=J=r ==NVPV=
l
~=_ I= E ~FK
= f= r ==j ~_ ~=~==
=r j =^ \ =m=j ~=~=^ =JR=fr ~=f=

^` = PTMK
O=d g` ` =

O= ^ =NVQR=

pr _ gb` qF= l ~~=a

` _ _ ^ _ =d ~I= s fff=` I=^ ml = PMS[ = r = p= ^
d ~I=fff=` GI=^ ml = PNOI=r = p= ^ q_ \ =
=n ~I=r =` GI=^ ml =P^ ` I= r = p=^

NK
= q =` K
=YTS= f=a I=UT=f=a q I=UV=f=l q I=^ =^ =
a G==~~= ~z=
~K
= ^ _ _ r _ _ = _ =
=Q=^ ~=a ==~~~==g =I=
K
= ` ~= =l =` ==_ l s G= =f~===

pr _ gk ` q W
= l ~~=a
ql =

= ` ~=d ~I=q =` I=^ ml =Pl UI= ~=p=^ =

=d ~I=fff=` GI= ^ ml = PNOI= r = p=^ =
=d a ~~I=u f=` GI=^ ml =PQMI= a =p= ^ j n J=
=l ~~I=p=f
~=a I=^ ml = RI=r = R=^ q_ Jq=
d ~~I=q l =f
~=l I=^ ml =QNSI=r = p= ^ ~

NK
= ~K
= G= ~=~=f== ~=~I=~=~ \ ==~J=
~===~=~=f= ===~~= =~~C G=
~=~= q = ==~=~ ~=== =~J=
f=~K

u u fu

f=o = f_ = [ = =~~_ ` j =j ~=

QK
= _ ~~=!j j =J=_ G G=c =~=q =a = P=^ K
j =
Jj
=~~==pl e l _ a ^ =t PSVM=G= h h ^ o qp_ ~h l ^ =_ q \ =E=r =
q =P=P=^ ~F=J=h ~=_ G[ = ` ` _ a =t Tt \ =J=h ^ j ^ d =t pt N=J=Ph pPgN=
t VPT=Er == =_ =p= =[ = gt =
r =~=q =_ =p=~

K
= p =s =p=^ = ~ ~j =Y G
G===EG
K
K

G==G= G>I

K
= =
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=G=q =p=p=

=r ~ =M
GG=c fq q l K

wK= e =GGj =G=j ~=G=e bfj fj d e =Ge M\ OO=J=t qe ^= GT=

J=fj hl j =G= P^ NQ^ =t MPUOI=q =r = p=^ ~=

J=w_ q w=!fa j N=Y=q j =f=p= {=J=go ` t t =PTUQ=E= K

=
s =P=^ ~F
J=d q r f=~r q r =J=a l j r =
q T{=x==q =M=p=^ F= J=e b fpp~s =
a MVV=E=mG=a = p= FY

RK= ` ~~~=mG=
=G=G GK

K
= l = q j
=^ G=n =~I

e l t f=o K=l
~Gg=d

I=r K=pK
` j ==p~

PK
= !K
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!Vr F=f=j ==!_ c t t =r J~F= r

UT=~ =
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_ b t =K
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==
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I=UT=fq=_ K

ENF= ` j r ~G=~=~=
G =~G=d l r =t MVSF=J

= GK
= ~Y= =G!!> != GG~ =G~G=~G=I

r F= l _ =^ =~GI=~G=GG
=~=G G

==
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UK
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GfI=d `
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=G=~~~ =
l _ =^ G= = K
K= f=` ?=Y= r =^ q j =l I=wS=
=a
I=TN=f
=a q I=
pl G=fq =l = =j =G=
F= e

_ G=r = =p_
b = DKD= p= =l _ = JGK

ENF= ` ~ r ~G==r =E G=r a G=t fgr K=t MVS=J

GK
= TM=fG=a fq=

I=

e h ^ a n r ^ q_ pp
qe f_ a = r e q b a =b q q h p= o j f=
^ ml =QMP

^ d = PTMK
O=t ` `

a p=K
a t =E~==s = a = p= F=J=wf` l _ ^ q = j a RRU= E=q =
a =P=^ { =J=h j _ =a q\ =G=i r a ` u s = KTR=J=_ t =[ Nn PTV=J=a h r qp

!h fqt =J=~ = ~J=J=j ~= =J= ~ =NMQPMS=J

l mo r fa t f=` RPN=J= i q _ =` STMR=J=r h q r _ i a =` q l l = J=E

e ==
c =r = P=^ F=J=j a e i r _ _ =
VMVP=E=q =M=p= G== =
=c =M=p= ^ {=G=_ l r ~= _ VRVP= J=r o ` r r r h pe =GfMTV=J=
GTr j =E
== J=a =p= ~l = J=_ ^ a = q b Pd q b a f=h fNTp^ =J=pq Vr r _ pJ=
t l =J=_ ^ p= fd Spf=
gTUPV=J=fr q N=
MU~~=E

` ~
_ ~C =~Ga G~I=u f=` I=^ cl = PQPI=p=p={
=d a Gn I= =` GI=^ ma = PMUI= a = p= ^ j
=
l j J^ I==` ~I=^ ml = PNOI= M=p=
=M

j ~I=TM=fq \ =a ~I=Nml =QNSI=r = p= g

K
= q G= =~~r j =G= ~==

~=~=Gi
TI=
j r q Jq j =_ ~r ~ = K

K
= =M=p= ^ =~ GG=G ~~G=j ==f==_ zI=
I= pGG= =P=
_a
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=

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e PTR=E=r =
` G= =
r _ =
r == =
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F=J=e n fo ^ ` h =Ge P\ T=J=^ j [ =
Ph ^ _ p_ =!e QSNa = E==q =` GF= J=pl r =j t
=E=r =` GF=J
G~h _ f=
J=p^ ~ gn _ gr f_ j =G~SSV==r ` r ^ =l r ` =Y= =
` G=G=
~~=GG
=j =fu =` G=J=^ l h _ ~=q j =fgr ==` o ={VVSN=b =r =
` ~==
G=
I==s ff=
N= g=J=j o l ` ^ =t PNRp=J=Pq =d ^ pJ=
l r l q =! L
! =J=r _ ^ =h l Sw=J=` o f_ r q p` e ^ r = ` pURT=J=` r _ r fq w= b SASM= E! >>=
=u f=` GF=J=wc c h e h f=
j Tg
=E=u w=` G= = =G==s fff=
d j F={==` wg` f=
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TI
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== pl i t =
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!f` j l =E~== =
` z=J=o = =~` h C r i j _ q pi a =!r {r =r =
pl ` ph q =_
RTRO=J=l l r Su G= e [ S=J=_ ^ m=p^ ggl j d r =_ gTr YF=J=c ^ h _ gl
!
_ Q=J=_ ` _ r r ^ j =[
VPV=E
==` G= =~I=
G==q =
` K
z=J=Pq ` j r ` _ Je Qi i a _ gh r =t l l gT=E=q =` G=K
g= ~=G=
=fff=` Jg= J=` _ _ r n m=
gr PU=E=
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` G= = ~_ ` =G== =` G= J=fl ` NQq w= Q` PR= E=u ff=` G

J=_^a =_ _ ~=t ^ VPT=E==` GF=J=p^ ^ {qbr =GC =E [ =G

` G=~=~~~=mr ==NNN=` GF=J=pr ` r =t SRPg=J=b p_ ` e = \ V~U=

=
h OT=J=l pi ppfq O=!h i =J=^ u \ =YpONMN=
r ==
=` GI

OK
= =a = p= f =j r GGG=~=G
r =^ =NVQRz= _ ~=!~
~
=EC P
pi Up=o fq ` ==GX= { =
=_ ~ G
G r [ j G=l _ =G= =

!l r pq =h K= n ^ f

K= s fff=` G= ESR=f
=a I=UT=f
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GF= =Gr
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=f=~ GX
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=EFK

I=

~~=MG
a h ~I=n K=pK
=^ q_ \

` =L=PG

^ ~=a q =h = G [ = \ G=Gr = r h = GGX

=f= =
d l a ~= = =p~K
=~= =K
=
EF=G=p{
~~=ff=p=
C =G ~= =G==>G F=r =
=q g=` = b= ^
K

MK
= u u = ` ~G=ET[ J=f=a Nq I= _ l = =_ I=Q=^ j =a I= S=
^ ~=a =r =
YK={G= =G` =~G=~==e r j I= G G=!=
fg ~~=~G=~=bi _ p=h r ppX=G= j ==VB =
= G=j =
= =p_ =G[ =G= G=r j = G
=~F= ==q =M=p=
^ I
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= q l =f
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=~G~[ =q = ~=
M
GgJG~=~= ~G=
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uuu

PK
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=
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~K
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J=` ~~ I=n p`
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fuuu

q ==o t S=g=
s ?? q ?=?{=?G q q [ ~= E` F=
!i =^ r q Jgj _ q
qqqG

EfF

gg?>N>==g
k P=
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e = a e

" =g =l

j q q =?q =
G

ql =gq =[ =DGql ={=YF=

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Gg= pq q =G?f
J= NSMNG= !=

=fq >?=E?

F= _ =

DSq` =t j r =

=j gJI= a l gg= q_ _ = L{_ f q q mx=^ _ r K

" f~QM=
P

?q fq ?= E
pF= >G!
=g?q= ?
q= fff^ f=mq ?ff= D

fl gfa fr f
r q ==

_ _ ~=_ fr fqfr l l = e q
=l s N=q fq = q

q =l q= G=
!q
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p== D
q VT=l gq = D
^ t ==
{q =p==D
l t =l g=D
m=
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