Você está na página 1de 28
 
Scientific Ocean Drilling
 
ACCOMPLISHMENTS AND CHALLENGES
 
WHAT IS SCIENTIFIC OCEAN DRILLING?
 .........................................................................................2
CYCLES OF THE SOLID EARTH
 .........................................................................................................4Earth’s Magnetic Field .........................................................................................................................4Continental Breakup and Sedimentary Basin Formation ......................................................................5Structure, Composition, and Formation of the Ocean Crust ................................................................5Subduction Zone Processes and Seismogenic Zones ........................................................................6Large Igneous Provinces ....................................................................................................................7
FLUID, FLOW, AND LIFE ON THE SUBSEAFLOOR
 .............................................................................8Heat Flow, Fluid Flow, and Geochemistry............................................................................................8Hydrothermal Vent Processes .............................................................................................................9 The Subseafloor Biosphere ...............................................................................................................10Gas Hydrates ...................................................................................................................................11
EARTH’S CLIMATE HISTORY
 ..........................................................................................................12Past Warm Climate Extremes and the Greenhouse World .................................................................12Cenozoic Ice Sheet Evolution and Global Sea Level Change.............................................................13Orbital Forcing ..................................................................................................................................17 Abrupt Climate Change ....................................................................................................................18Co-Evolution of Life and the Planet ...................................................................................................18
ASSESSMENT OF THE 2013-2023 SCIENCE PLAN
 .......................................................................21
 
The U.S.-operated
JOIDES 
 Resolution is a multipurpose drillship that serves the international scientific ocean drilling community. Credit: William Crawford, Integrated Ocean Drilling Program U.S. Implementing Organization (IODP-USIO).
 A rich history of Earth’s past lies beneath the ocean.
 
The sediments and rock of the ocean floor contain records of active biological, chemical, and geological processes that have shaped the Earth over millions of years. 
Scientific ocean drilling has spurred remarkable progress in understanding many global processes: confirming the theory of plate tectonics, documenting the history of Earth’s cli-mate system, investigating the role of fluid flow within the ocean crust, and discovering an extensive subseafloor biosphere that may well inhabit all of the world’s oceanic sediments and much of the planet’s crystalline crust.  This booklet summarizes the findings of the National Research Council report,
Scientific Ocean Drilling: Accomplishments and Challenges
. The report looks at significant accom-plishments enabled by scientific ocean drilling and also assesses the potential for transfor-mative discoveries based on the research described in
Illuminating Earth’s Past, Present  and Future: The International Ocean Discovery Program Science Plan for 2013-2023,
 a science plan for the next decade of scientific ocean drilling.

Recompense a sua curiosidade

Tudo o que você quer ler.
A qualquer hora. Em qualquer lugar. Em qualquer dispositivo.
Sem compromisso. Cancele quando quiser.
576648e32a3d8b82ca71961b7a986505