Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
1. Nov. 19 Sonic logging Chapter 8, Rider + Powerpoint 2. Nov. 21 Sonic logging Chapter 8, Rider + Dipole/ full waveform sonics, Close et al. (2009) 3. Nov. 22 Lab on synthetic seismograms 4. Nov. 23 Guest lecture on dipole/full waveform sonic logs 5. Nov. 26 Synthetic seismograms and VSPs VSPs + Lines&Newrick chapter 6. Nov. 28 - VSPs Lines & Newrick chapter 23. 7. Nov. 29 Lab assignment on sonic, VSP and surface seismic correlation 8. Nov. 30 Synthetic sonic logs (Impedance inversion) Guest lecturer Naimeh Riazi 9. Dec. 3 - Interwell logging crosswell tomography, Lines&Newrick chapter 17. 10. Dec. 5 Logging and reservoir characterization 11. Dec 6 Lab with poster presentations 12. Dec. 7 Review of sonic and borehole seismic topics
Sonic Logs
Sonic logs are the most important log for correlating well information with seismic information (using synthetic seismograms and traveltime information). Sonic logs are one of the tools in estimating formation porosity. Sonic logs provide some degree of lithology discrimination. Sonic logs are sensitive to presence of gas, overpressure zones.
Elastic Properties
P-wave Velocity
2 Vp
where is the Lam parameter, k is the bulk modulus, is the rigidity, the
density
Synthetic Seismograms
Synthetic seismograms provide the key link between well log information and seismic data. 1. Convert sonic from depth to time. 2. Compute reflection coefficients 3. Convolve with appropriate seismic wavelet. Lab on Nov. 22
Sonic Tools
Borehole compensated sonic tool and long spacing sonic.
Sonic Tools
Borehole compensated (BHC) sonic tool. Note the two sources at each end of the sonde, with two pairs of receivers. The BHC sonic tools uses the same principles as reversed seismic refraction profiling to reduce borehole effects. Notice that the slots on the sonde for attenuating direct waves traveling through the steel sonde.
Top MANNVILLE
3.00
Top McLAREN
VP/VS Ratio
2.75
R2 = 0.80
2.50
2.25
490
500
Far-offset survey
Sonic Logs
Sonic logs have played a very important role in the interpretation of well logs and seismic data. Synthetic seismograms, derived from sonics, are used to tie seismic reflectors. Lab on Nov. 22. We need to extend their use by by using shear wave velocity as well as P-wave velocity (using dipole sources, full waveform). When coupled with vertical seismic profiles, sonic logs provide the best means of initiating depth to time conversion in seismic interpretation, as we will show in Lab on Nov. 29.