5.

3 Software Development Life Cycle:

5.3.1 Linear Sequential Model:
As the information system requirements were predictable, it was decided to follows the classical System Development Life Cycle Method (Waterfall Model). It is the oldest and the most widely used paradigm for software engineering. This process demands a systematic, sequential approach to software development at the system level and progress through analysis, design, coding, testing and maintenance. The steps that are applicable to all software The life cycle

engineering, paradigms modeled after the conventional engineering cycle. approach encompasses the following activities.

Analysis

Design

Coding

Testing

Maintenance

Figure 5.1 Linear Sequential Model

5.3.2 System Engineering and Anlysis:

As the software is always a part of large systems, work begins by establishing requirements for all system elements and the allocating some subset of these requirements to software. This system view is essential when software must interact with other elements such as

hardware, people and databases. System engineering and analysis encompasses requirements gathering at the system level with a small amount of top level design analysis.

5.3.3 Software Requirement Analysis:

The requirements gathering process is intensified and focused specifically on software. To understand the nature of the program to be built, the software engineering must understand the information domain for the software, as well as the required function, performance and interfacing, requirements for both the system and the software are documented and reviewed with the user.

5.3.4 Design:
Software design is actually a multi step process that focuses on four distinct attributes of the program, Data Structure, Software Architecture and procedural detail and interface characterization. The design process translates requirements into a representation of software that can be assessed for quality before coding begins. documented and becomes part of the software configuration. Like requirements, the design is

5.3.5 Coding:
The design must be translated into a machine readable form. The coding step performs this task. Design is performed in a detailed manner, coding can be accomplished mechanically.

5.3.6 Testing:
The testing process focuses on the logical internals of the software, ensuring that all functionalities have been tested, i.e., conducting tests to uncover errors and ensure that defined input will produce actual results that agree with required results.

5.3.7 Maintenance:

Software will undoubtedly undergo change after it has been delivered to the user. Changes might be encountered because the software must be added to accommodate changes in external environment or because the user requires functional or performance enhancement. Software maintenance reapplies each of the preceding lifecycle steps to an existing program rather than a new one. The basic idea of SDLC method is that there is well defined process by which an application is conceived, developed and implemented. It gives structure to a creative process. The phase is the SDLC provides a basis for management and controls because they define segments of the flow of the work, which can be identified for managerial purpose and specify the documents or other deliverables to be procured in each phase. Elements of Structured Analysis like the Data Flow Diagram are also used for system development. The functional design will be in detail enough for coding the various functions. It also provides the validation that must be checked for each field.