Introduction: Adherence and invasion are two pathogenic bacteria possessing peculiar characteristics which cause diseases.

Bacteria like E.coli are adherence, which adhere to the cells present in gastrointestinal tract and urinary tract. This adherence prevents elimination which takes place through flushing mechanism. The number of E.coli strains have specialized adhesions comprising of aggressive adherence fimbriae, P pili, bundle-forming pili, invasion plasmid antigen and colonization factors antigen (Patrick R. Murray 2005). During invasion, bacteria named Salmonella Typhimurium invade epithelial cells present in small intestine which results in diarrhea. The intake of M cells with subsequent spreading to epithelial cells is the root cause behind such infection. These bacteria multiply by moving towards the ileocecal region which ultimately leads to inflammatory response. Fluid secretion and cyclic adenosine gets activated through this action which causes diarrhea (Goering 2008). This experiment aims at determining the invasiveness of Salmonella typhimurium 82/6915 and E. coli DH5, which is not invasive would be used as a control.

Discussion: The experiment killed the bacteria adhering to the surface of INT 407 cells by using genatmycin. However it could not reach deep enough to kill the invaded bacteria. INT 407 cells are lysed by the addition of Triton X-100, and bacteria are also release to incubate them in or order to determine if they were invaded or not.

The results indicate that the growth of Salmonella Typhimurium occurs in both invasion and adherence plates. This is due to the fact that S.Typhimurium invade and adhere the host cells.

S.Typhimurium becomes immensely aggressive if it becomes an infection due to the reason that it gets difficult to kill the organism present inside the cell. On the contrary E.coli possess the ability to adhere the cell yet they cannot invade them. Table (1) depicts that E.coli in adherence plates shows low growth levels. Over dilution resulting in low number of E.coli for adherence is one of the core reasons behind this phenomenon. The malfunctioning of INT 407 cells due to irritation of cell surface is another factor behind this process.

The unexpected results attained from the experiment conducted yielded the fact that there was a growth of E.coli with 0.0003% due to contamination.

All the cells of inner and outer surfaces possess receptor molecules, which perform certain functions during the lifecycle of cells. Microbial pathogens containing matching molecules to one or multiple host cell receptors can benefit from their presence. When a particular cell type is depicted by a unique receptor, then these cells get susceptible to a particular pathogen. As an example CD4 molecules present on T helper cells act as receptors for HIV. Once the adherence takes place to the host surfaces, the microorganism can develop the infection by multiplying drastically inside the cells or locally at the surface. It can further be disseminated to one or more parts of the body (Goering, 2008).