By: David, George, Jensen,Marina,

Joe is the third child of four, and unlike his older brothers he always did exceptionally well in school. Because he academically excelled he attended the top schools and was put under a lot of pressure to meet very high expectations. While other students were afraid of failure, Joe was always very self confident. This quality made him known to his peers as a condescending and over achieving person. Joe had a tendency to always correct his teachers and then make fun of them once he pointed out their mistakes. Joe is a classic example of Dish it out but never take it. One day, one of his peers made a comment about his over achieving qualities and Joe became infuriated and poured sugar in the peers engine for it to be ruined. He is always very defensive and never likes to admit when he is wrong. He never participated in organized sports or student organizations and tends to avoid group activities. Joe has only 2 close friends who he judged to be his intellectual equals.

After graduating high school, Joe enrolled at an Ivy League University where he majored in chemistry. He was described as a workaholic by his friends. When he was given a project, Joe practically lived in the laboratory. Relaxation and recreation where never a part of his schedule

Joe never dated the same woman twice because he always described her to be either weird or boring. The truth of the matter is that the girls would have probably never given him a second chance because of his arrogance and rudeness. During his sophomore year he was in a steady relationship with a girl named Carla. Joe thought his relationship with Carla was ideal seeing as how she lived in a different city, didnt demand much of his time and wasnt able to control his schedule or daily activities. Their relationship came to an end when Carla informed him she was involved in another relationship. Joe acted as though he didnt care and was only interested in her physically. He wanted revenge. His attempts at getting her back in order to leave her again continuously failed so he began to spread rumors about Carlas promiscuous sexual behavior. After this break up he began to become more deeply involved in his laboratory and developed cynical views towards women. When Joe began to date again his behavior was no longer normal. He went to a party with one woman and when he saw her speaking to another man he began to insult her by making fun of her clothing and make up. Joe later dated another women and had the notion that she might be seeing one of his friends at the same time. Joe then decided to sit outside of her apartment for two nights to determine where that was true.

Joe Fuller

Graduate School-More Independent Study Biochemistry Ruth- Plain, Bland, Mousy, easy to control Married 1 yearr later PHD Drug Company- Research Chemist

Joe Fuller

Dr. Daniels- Head of Lab Respected Neurochemistry of Depression Paranoid, about discussing research Wanted credit all to himself to overcome Joe was told they were dissatisfied with his work Joe assumed it was jealousy and conspiracy

Joe Fuller

Forced to resign after 3 years Wanted to sue, paranoid Research Associate at state university Perfectionist Hated job but allowed lab use when free 2 yr old daughter Dr. Willner

Joe Fuller

Asked to stop research to expensive, didt Hired new associate, though he was a spy Relationship, became more strained Ruth was accused of helping Drug Company and University Divorce out of fear 2 weeks later first panic attack

Joe Fuller

Went to Psychiatrist Dr. Fein Recommended- Tofranil (Antidepressant, helps with panic attacks) Argued about Nuerolochemistry Ignored Radiation Fired

Joe Fuller

Cab Driver Wendy Nobel Prize- Athmostpheric Chemistry Believed University stole idea Did nothing but complain to Wendy Went back to Isolation

 Treatment is difficult for patients with Paranoid Personality Disorder. Because of the nature of the disorder its hard to establish a level of trust between the patient and therapist. Client centered approach developed by Carl Rogers could be an effective treatment if therapist isn't over friendly or sympathetic, b/c client could perceive it as deception. Accurate empathy and unconditional positive regard could bolster patients self esteem and reduce sensitivity to potential embarrassment. A way to improve social understanding and better response to situational demands is by constructing many different social settings and practice interactions in each. Identify maladaptive thoughts that influence a patients behavior, then test those thoughts validity and in time be able to replace them with more adaptive thoughts and accurate attributions.

Aside from client centered treatments there's the option of antipsychotic medication for when paranoia reaches a delusional state. Benefits of antipsychotic medication can be the handling of auditory hallucinations and disorganized speech. But results can be varied depending on how many symptoms they are experiencing from schizophrenia.

The earliest hypothesis regarding paranoia was suggested by Sigmund Freud in 1909 when he was studying a lawyer named Daniel Paul Schreber. Daniel Paul Schreber spent 14 years in a mental hospital. Schrebers problem was that he had an elaborate set of persecutory and grandiose delusions. He believed that he was going to be transformed into a woman and then become Gods mate, and soon produce a healthier and better race of people.

Freud believed that the content of Schrebers delusions stemmed from an unconscious homosexual wish-fantasy, which motivated the paranoid ideas. Freud believed that it started with an unacceptable idea such as I (a man) love him (another man). To avoid the anxiety dealt with the unacceptable idea, the idea is then transformed to its opposite: I do not love himI hate him because he persecutes me.

Joe occasionally made comments on other mens sexual orientation when he was trying to embarrass them. These comments may have been a result of his own sexual desires. Joes panic attack may have been a result of the defense mechanism projection. He may have tried to avoid the anxiety with unconscious homosexual desires. The panic attack may have resulted from the spilling over of anxiety that may have not been handled well with projection or any other defense mechanisms, such as repression.

Cameron proposed an explanation in 1959 saying that predelusional patients are anxious, fearful, socially withdrawn, and reluctant to confide in other people. Cameron also said that predelusional patients are inept at understanding the motivations of other people. They misinterpret peoples behaviors and peoples behaviors that disprove the initial misinterpretations. From time to time, we may have interpreted someones actions as trying to harm us or that they are angry at us, but these interpretations are worked out through interactions with other people and we realize our mistakes. People with paranoid PD may interpret his relatives actions as a conspiracy against him. Then his relatives may become angry and irritable at him for think such way, which will confirm that paranoid PD individuals beliefs.

Camerons theory can explain Joe's situation because Joe was reluctant to confide other people. Joe was usually a loner and was socially awkward. Joes habit of laughing at people and provoking arguments suggest that he was not sensitive about other peoples emotion. Also, Joe was not able to consider that other people talked about him and that they avoided him because of his belligerence and hostility.

Colby proposed in 1977 and information-processing view of paranoid thinking, which revolved around sensitivity to shame and humiliation. The model focused solely on verbal interactions. When in paranoid mode, the individual scans linguistic input for substance that might lead to experiences of shame. When faced with a potential experience of shame, the individual denies self inadequacies and blames others. This model suggest that paranoia is based on low selfesteem and paranoid episodes may be engendered by environmental stimuli that increase the threat of shame and humiliation. Observations have shown that people with paranoid PD have low self-esteem.

Joe, a brilliant chemist, was offered a position of independent work at the drug company, but failed to live up to expectations. Because of his lack of progress, Joe's supervisor demoted him. Joe blames his colleagues for his failures rather than his own inadequacies. When Joe was a cab driver, there was little professional competition, therefore, no spark for hostile behavior. His self-esteem also did not suffer. But his paranoid behaviors resurfaced when a professor won the Nobel Prize. The professors success may have reminded Joe of his inadequacies and failures.