Specialist Diploma in Building Information Modeling (BIM) BIM Fundamentals BM3801

Lecture 2

This set of slides is intended for the use of the individual. If you are not the intended recipient responsible for delivering it to the intended recipient, are hereby notified that any use, dissemination, distribution or copying of this communication is strictly prohibited.

BIM Fundamentals Summary

BIM Concepts & Basics Model Development & Project Phases

Uses of models, Quality & Management

Collaboration & Coordination, Software & Tools BIM in the Real World

Model Development & Project Phases

Finish up some basic concepts Types of Models

Design, Documentation, Construction, Coordination

Modeling & Project Phases

Level of Development (LOD) & Object

Data Level

Model Development & Project Phases

Finish up some basic concepts Types of Models

Design, Documentation, Construction, Coordination

Modeling & Project Phases

Level of Development (LOD) & Object

Data Level

Uses of Models
Models are created for a wide range of

purposes, where for in-house use or for coordination and contract purposes. This range includes:

Visualisation, communication and coordination Data extraction Document production Simulation and analysis

Significant impact upon content and detail of objects in model

5

Types of Models
Not all models are created equal.

Design Modeling Documentation Modeling Construction Modeling Coordination Modeling

Design Modeling
Establish Design Intent
Architects

Emphasis on visualization rather than accuracy Used in Analysis

Engineers

Not particularly useful for collaboration &

coordination

Design Modeling

Design Modeling

Design Modeling

10

Design Modeling

11

Documentation Modeling
3d model developed expressly for purpose of

2d documentation

Essence of what Revit does Process can involve migration of Design Model from 3d program to 2d drafting platform

Model should be accurate

Project coordinates & Element sizes

Appropriate for sharing in a collaborative

coordination environment Can be an essential tool for complex building

12

Documentation Modeling

13

Documentation Modeling

14

Construction Modeling
Accuracy is PARAMOUNT

Model intended for use in construction & fabrication Model can be used to generate shop drawings

Generating 2d drawings is not a key priority,

Fundamental difference in HOW and WHY

the model is created

15

Construction v. Design Model

Wall Modeled as a

single element Column Modeled as a single element Slabs cut-off at wall Built in response to how architects think about Design

16

Construction v. Design Model

Wall Modeled by

floor level/as built Column Modeled by floor level/as built Slabs support walls Built in response to how the structure is intended to be constructed

17

Coordination Modeling
An Activity based upon previously created

models

Either Documentation Models or Construction Models can be used. Created by Architects or Engineers or Builders or Trades
Discipline is specific, Aggregate is combined clash detection, data extraction, program check, timeline simulation, etc.

Discipline v. Aggregate Model

For use in

18

Coordination Modeling

19

Coordination Modeling

20

Coordination Modeling

21

The point
Not everybodys model is the same.
What matters is keeping the GEOMETRY

consistent.

Tracking design development and change is the true challenge of BIM

Understanding what you are doing in the

beginning will guide you in selecting software, knowing how long it will take and how detailed of a model you need
22

You cant just make the soup right, you have to also be sure you are making the right soup!

23

Model Development & Project Phases

Finish up some basic concepts Types of Models

Design, Documentation, Construction, Coordination

Modeling & Project Phases

Level of Development (LOD) & Object

Data Level

24

Modeling & Project Phases

Design & Build Process

Building Design Process and BIM Model Development process are linked This link is built upon the Level of Development (LOD) concept

25

3. Modeling Development Project Phases

Model development phases can be split into the

following phases:

Briefing / Pre-design Conceptual design Schematic Design Developed design Contract Documents Construction Post Construction / Facilities Management
26

Project Phases
Denmark Standards Singapore Submission Process 0 1 2 Site/Inventory BIM Space BIM Sketch Design BIM Provisional Permission (PP) Provisional Permission (PP) / Written Permission (WP)

Developed Design BIM

Written Permission (WP) / Building Plan (BP)

4 5

Tender BIM Construction BIM

Building Plan (BP) Building Plan (BP)

FM BIM

Completion of Statutory Clearance (CSC)

27

Project Phases & ISO

International efforts to define project

stages/phases to assist industry standards for digital exchanges have been based on the work of Salford University in their Process Protocol. It has been used to describe the building life cycle ISO-Standard: 11 project Phases in Project Life Cycle, Process Protocol in Draft ISO Standard

(Salford University www.processprotocol.org)

28

Project Phases & ISO

W ISO 15686-10:2010(E) Table 1-Phases and

stages of the whole life of a building or buildingrelated facility Portfolio management

Portfolio operations

0.1 Portfolio strategy

0.2 Portfolio requirements

0.3 Portfolio initiation

29

Project Phases & ISO

Pre-project stages

1 Conception of need
2 Feasibility 3.1 Authorization 3.2 First procurement

30

Project Phases & ISO

Project delivery

4 Initial or outline conceptual design 5 Preliminary design 6.1 Detailed (coordinated) design 6.2 Construction procurement 7 Production Information 8.1 Construction 8.2 Commissioning

31

Project Phases & ISO

Property management

9.1 Asset operations 9.2 Maintenance and condition management 9.3 Occupants facility management 9.4 Refurbishment, adaptation, alteration, change of use 9.5 Change of functional use by occupant

32

Project Phases & ISO

Disposal Status change

10.1 Disposal preparation 10.2 Transfer 10.3 Reinstatement 10.4 Decommissioning 10.5 Deconstruction 10.6 Recycling 10.7 Demolition
33

End of life

Project Phases & ISO

Overall Enterprise W
Demand
10.4 Transfer 10.3 Deconstruct 10.2 Decommission

Portfolio Management
0.1 Owners Portfolio Requirements 0.2 Clients Requirements 10.5 Reinstate 10.1 Disposal Preparation 0.3 Project Initiation

Project Delivery
1.0 Conception of Need 2.0 Outline Feasibility 3.0 Substantive Feasibility 4.0 Initial or Outline Conceptual Design 5.0 Full Conceptual Design 6.1 Detailed (Coordinated) Design 6.2 Procurement 7.0 Production Information

9.6 Change of Functional Use by Occupant 9.5 Refurbishment, Adaptation, Alteration, Change of Use

Information Base of Shared Data and Support Data (BIM or Building Information Model)

9.4 Occupants Facility Administration 9.3 Maintenance and Condition Management

8.1 Construction 8.2 Commissioning 9.2 Operations 9.1 Information Model (BIM)

Asset, Property and Facility Management

Occupancy and Use

Based in part on Dana K. Smith diagram for FIC of NIBS, 2000

Diagram by Franoise Szigeti and Gerald Davis

2000, 2001, 2008 International Centre for Facilities

34

The Truth About ISO

You will never think about it in your work again.

But the concept is very important:

As the building design process progresses, the information in a BIM model changes to address changing needs.
35

Model Development & Project Phases

Finish up some basic concepts Types of Models

Design, Documentation, Construction, Coordination

Modeling & Project Phases

Level of Development (LOD) & Object

Data Level

36

LOD - Object Data Level

Detail levels is a useful concept for obtaining

agreement about content of objects at different stages.

This will be necessary when defining the extent

of information required at formal exchanges.

What is Object Content

Material, Size, Amount of detail related to parametric information

37

LOD - Object Data Level

Level A or 100 - Strategy and performance criteria based on volumes and areas - Planning activities, concept development - Non-geometric, briefing data or line work, areas, volumes zones etc. - Block model - Conceptual cost allowance (e.g. $ per m2 of floor area, $ per hospital bed, $ per parking space) - Total project construction duration or phasing of major elements - Environmental requirements
38

LOD - Object Data Level

Level B or 200 - Generic objects in visualisation/concept models to allow for digital prototyping - Generic elements shown in three dimensions with maximum size, and assumed system types - Preliminary time scale ordered for appearance of major activities - Estimated cost based on measurement of generic element (e.g. generic interior walls or doors) - Specific room requirements can be attached - Approximate quantities of materials for preliminary environmental analysis
39

LOD - Object Data Level

Level C or 300

- Specific objects in detailed model, engineering design for digital prototyping - Specific elements confirmed 3D object geometry, dimensions, materials, capacities, connections - Time-scaled, ordered appearance of detailed assemblies Estimated cost based on measurement of specific assembly (e.g. specific wall type: 70 interior steel studs with 10 painted plasterboard both sides) - Precise quantities of materials with percentages of recycled/locally purchased materials - Accurate analyses and simulations based on specific building assemblies and engineered systems for engineering calculations, visualisation clash detection, construction sequencing, cost planning and estimating
40

LOD - Object Data Level

Level D or 400

- Detailed objects in production model for shop drawing/fabrication for purchase, manufacture, installation, specified fabrication and assembly detail including construction means and methods (cranes, man-lifts, shoring etc.) - Specific manufacturer selections - Precise analyses and simulations based on specific manufacturer and detailed system components, committed purchase price of specific assembly - Manufacturing logistics procurement
41

LOD - Object Data Level

Level E or 500

- As-built objects for operation and FM, actual record costs, purchase documentation - Commissioning and recording of measured performance - Maintenance and operation requirements - These object detail levels may correspond closely with model development levels in traditional practice, but should be varied to suit alternative project delivery methods
42

LOD - Object Data Level

USA AIA BIM Level of Detail 100 Conceptual Australian Object Data Levels A Volume & Area

200
300

Approx. Geometry
Precise Geometry

B
C

Generic Object Elements

Specific Elements

400 500

Fabrication As-Built

D E

Detail Objects As-Built Object

Singapore Standard is based upon these

ideas
43

Why is this important?

Effort required
Staffing needs Scope of work

Payment Schedule Managing Design Change

Choosing Software ?

44

Why is this dangerous

People get caught up in this and take their

eyes of whats important in the project: design, collaboration and how we are going to get this done! Beware the subjective nature of LOD! Enduring differences between the needs of Architect, QS, Engineer and Builder can make this a pit of quicksand http://www.architecturetech.com/2011/12/protect-fluffy-kittens.html
45

Guess That LOD!!!!

46

Guess That LOD!!!!

47

Guess That LOD!!!!

48

Guess That LOD!!!!

49

The Star

50

The Star

51

The Star

52

The Star

53

The Star

54

The Star

55

The Point.
As the building design process progresses, the information in a BIM model changes to address changing needs.

Development does NOT equal Detail! This concept refers to accuracy and the amount of

information which is both possible and reasonable for a model to reflect at any given stage of the design

56