Earthing Calculation

North Chennai Thermal Power Project Stage II(2x525 MW)

Calculations are based on IEEE Vol 80,1986 version.
1 Param eters for design purposes: Average soil resistivity at 0.5 m level 1.1 Soil resistivity(taken for calculation) 1.2 Soil resistivity due to concrete 1.3 Fault current(for conductor size design) 1.4 Fault duration for sizing 1.5 Fault duration for step and touch potentials 1.6 Depth of burial of grid conductors 1.7 Thickness of concrete 1.8 Number of ground rod/pipe electrodes,3m long 1.9 Area of the earth mat 1.10 Effective earth fault current ROW 1 ROW ROW S I TF1 TF2 h hs N AG Ig Ohm meter Ohm meter Ohm meter KA sec sec metres metres nos sq.metres kA 39.29 50.0 500 50.00 1.00 0.70 0.80 0.20 150 640,000 22.245

(Refer enclosed annexure for this calculation)

2 Evaluation of conductor sizing 2.1 Factor K0 2.2 TCAP is defined by TCAP 2.3 Minimum area of cross section A where 2.4 X1 2.5 X2 2.6 Minimum area of cross section A 2.7 Diameter of conductor 2.8 2.9 2.10 2.11 2.12 2.13 2.14 Temperature co-efficient of material Resistivity of earthing material Specific heat of material Density of material Reference temperature of material constant Max.allowable temperature for welded joints Ambient temperature ALPHAR ROW E SH SW TR TM TA (1/ALPHAR)-TR 216.41 = = = = sq.mm mm 4.184*SW *SH 3.75 I*(SQRT(X1/X2)) (TF1*ALPHAR*ROW E*10000)/TCAP 169.24 LN(1+(TM-TA)/(K0-TA)) 1.31 568.43 26.91 0.00423 15.00 0.114 7.86 20 500 50

micro-ohm/cm cal/gram/C gram/cc C C C

2.15 Corrosion allowance Average rate of corrosion is 0.12 mm per annum is considered for a period of 40 years. Total Corrosion expected =0.12*40 4.8 mm

2.16 Diameter of the conductor after corrosion= 2.17 Diameter of the conductor chosen d 3 3.1 3.2 3.3

31.71 mm. 0.04 M

Perm issible step and touch voltages E step = (1000+(6*CS(hs,K)*ROW S))*0.116/(SQRT TF2) E touch = (1000+(1.5*CS(hs,K)*ROW S))*0.116/(SQRT TF2) CS is a reduction factor depending upon the depth of gravel /concrete and reflection factor K. CS is obtained from Figure 8 of IEEE. = 0.82 3.4 K = (ROW -ROW S)/(ROW +ROW S) -0.818 CS =1 for no gravel/ concrete.

121757677.xls.ms_office The Ig value was taken 50 kA instead of calculated value.The same is changed.

Revision:1 Dated:2000-08-31

Earthing Calculation

North Chennai Thermal Power Project Stage II(2x525 MW)

Calculations are based on IEEE Vol 80,1986 version.
ALTERNATIVELY, CS = a=0.106 metre;s=(ROW /ROW S);U=(2hs+a) s = u = a = CS = Choose a lower value of CS from the above.Hence CS=0.82 3.5 Permissible Estep volts 3.6 Permissible Etouch volts 4 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 Prelim inary layout Length of the earth mat Breadth of the earth mat Assumed spacing for the conductors Total no of conductors parallel to length 1-a*((1-s)/u) where 0.1000 0.506 0.11 0.811 479.72 223.91

L B D N1 N2 LC

metres metres metres nos nos metres

800.00 800.00 50.00 (B/D)+1 17 (L/D)+1 17 (N1*L)+(N2*B) 27,200 8,160 450 35,878

4.5 Total no of conductors parallel to breadth 4.6 Total quantity of conductors laid Interconnections to the grid(30% of calculated 4.7 quantity) 4.7 Total ground rods length 4.8 Effective grid conductor length 5 Estim ation of actual m esh and step voltages 5.1 Emesh 5.2 E step 5.3 KM 5.4 where A 5.5 B 5.6 C 5.7 D 5.8 E 5.9 KM

LINT LR L

metres metres metres

= = = = = = = = = = =

(ROW *KM*KI*Ig*1000)/L (ROW *KS*KI*Ig*1000)/L (1/(2*3.14))*(LN(A+B-C)+D*LN(E)) D^2/(16*h*d) 4,882.813 (D+2*h)^2/(8*D*d) 166.4100 (h/4*d) 5.000 (Kii/Kh) 0.745 8/(3.14*(2n-1)) 0.077 (1/(2*3.14))*(LN(A+B-C)+D*LN(E)) 1.054

5.10 Kii=1 for grids with ground rods along the perimeter Kii=1 for grids with ground rods at the grid corners Kii=1 for grids with ground rods along the perimeter and throughout the grid area 5.11 Kh = SQRT(1+h/ha) where ha=1 metre. = 1.342 5.12 Number of parallel conductors 5.13 KI,the irregularity factor 5.14 Hence E mesh PERMISSIBLE VALUE n = = = SQRT(N1*N2) 17 0.656+0.172*n 3.580 KM*KI*ROW *I*1000/L 116.939 volts 223.91 volts

R1

121757677.xls.ms_office The Ig value was taken 50 kA instead of calculated value.The same is changed.

Revision:1 Dated:2000-08-31

Earthing Calculation

North Chennai Thermal Power Project Stage II(2x525 MW)

Calculations are based on IEEE Vol 80,1986 version.
5.15 KI,the irregularity factor 5.16 KS W HERE 5.17 A 5.18 B 5.19 C 5.20 E 5.21 KS 5.22 Hence E step = = = = = = = 0.656+0.172*n 3.580 (1/3.14)*(A+B+C(1-E)) 1/(2*h) 0.625 (1/(D+h)) 0.020 1/D 0.020 0.5^(n-2) 0.0000305 0.2117 KS*KI*ROW *Ig*1000/L 23.494 Volts 479.72 Volts

PERMISSIBLE VALUE 6 Minim um conductor length requirem ent To achieve the above conditions,the following condition has to be satisfied. 6.1 L =

(KM*KI*ROW *Ig*1000)/Permissible Emesh 18,737 metres

7 Evaluation of grid resistance 7.1 RG where 7.2 F 7.3 G 7.4 J 7.5 Hence RG 8 Grid potential rise Total grid potential rise IR

ohm = = = =

ROW *(F+G*(1+(1/J))) (1/L) 0.00003 1/(SQRT (20*A)) 0.00028 1+(h*(SQRT (20/A))) 1.004 0.029 ohm

Volts

I*RG 651.38 volts R1

Hence from the above calculation the conductors provided meet the Step and touch potential criteria and also the other requirement. The mat will be made to suit the above requirement. As shown in the enclosed diagram. The mesh width will be varied or close mat will be made where Electrical equipments are more and other areas the same will be adjusted.

121757677.xls.ms_office The Ig value was taken 50 kA instead of calculated value.The same is changed.

Revision:1 Dated:2000-08-31

Calculations are based on IEEE Vol 80,1986 version. 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.10 2 Parameters for design purposes: Soil resistivity Soil resistivity due to concrete Fault current Fault duration for sizing Fault duration for step and touch potentials Depth of burial of grid conductors Thickness of concrete Number of ground rod/pipe electrodes,3m long Area of the earth mat Effective earth fault current Evaluation of conductor sizing

ROW ROWS I TF1 TF2 h hs N AG Ia

Ohm meter Ohm meter KA sec sec metres metres nos sq.metres kA

45.0 500 50.00 1.00 0.70 0.80 0.20 10 10,000 23.40

2.1 Factor K0 2.2 TCAP is defined by TCAP 2.3 Minimum area of cross section A where 2.4 X1 2.5 X2 2.6 Minimum area of cross section A 2.7 Diameter of conductor 2.8 2.9 2.10 2.11 2.12 2.13 2.14 Temperature co-efficient of material Resistivity of earthing material Specific heat of material Density of material Reference temperature of material constant Max.allowable temperature for welded joints Ambient temperature ALPHAR ROWE SH SW TR TM TA

(1/ALPHAR)-TR 216.41 = = = = sq.mm mm 4.184*SW*SH 3.75 I*(SQRT(X1/X2)) (TF1*ALPHAR*ROWE*10000)/TCAP 169.24 LN(1+(TM-TA)/(K0-TA)) 1.31 568.43 26.91 0.00423 15.00 0.114 7.86 20 500 50

micro-ohm/cm cal/gram/C gram/cc C C C

2.15 Corrosion allowance Average rate of corrosion of steel is 61 mils for the first 12 years and 50% of that value 30.5 mils for the next 12 years.After this period,it is assumed that no corrosion takes place. (Reference IEEE Transactions of PAS-Volume 98. Total corrosion=(61+30.5)2 =183 mils ie 4.64mm. 2.16 Diameter of the conductor after corrosion= 2.17 Diameter of the conductor chosen d 3 3.1 3.2 3.3

31.55 mm. 0.04 M

Permissible step and touch voltages E step = (1000+(6*CS(hs,K)*ROWS))*0.116/(SQRT T E touch = (1000+(1.5*CS(hs,K)*ROWS))*0.116/(SQRT CS is a reduction factor depending upon the depth of gravel /concrete and reflection factor K. CS is obtained from Figure 8 of IEEE. = 0.82 3.4 K = (ROW-ROWS)/(ROW+ROWS)

-0.835 CS =1 for no gravel/ concrete. ALTERNATIVELY, CS = a=0.106 metre;s=(ROW/ROWS);U=(2hs+a) s = u = a = CS = Choose a lower value of CS from the above.Hence CS=0.82 3.5 Permissible Estep volts 3.6 Permissible Etouch volts 4 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 Preliminary layout Length of the earth mat Breadth of the earth mat Assumed spacing for the conductors Total no of conductors parallel to length

1-a*((1-s)/u) where 0.0900 0.506 0.11 0.809 479.72 223.91

L B D N1 N2 LC LINT LR L

metres metres metres nos nos metres metres metres metres

100.00 100.00 10.00 (B/D)+1 11 (L/D)+1 11 (N1*L)+(N2*B) 2,200 660 30.00 2,895

4.5 Total no of conductors parallel to breadth 4.6 Total quantity of conductors laid 4.7 Interconnections to the grid 4.7 Total ground rods length 4.8 Effective grid conductor length 5 Estimation of actual mesh and step voltages 5.1 Emesh 5.2 E step 5.3 KM 5.4 where A 5.5 B 5.6 C 5.7 D 5.8 E 5.9 KM

= = = = = = = = = = =

(ROW*KM*KI*I*1000)/L (ROW*KS*KI*I*1000)/L (1/(2*3.14))*(LN(A+B-C)+D*LN(E)) D^2/(16*h*d) 195.313 (D+2*h)^2/(8*D*d) 42.0500 (h/4*d) 5.000 (Kii/Kh) 0.745 8/(3.14*(2n-1)) 0.121 (1/(2*3.14))*(LN(A+B-C)+D*LN(E)) 0.617

5.10 Kii=1 for grids with ground rods along the perimeter Kii=1 for grids with ground rods at the grid corners Kii=1 for grids with ground rods along the perimeter and throughout the grid area 5.11 Kh = SQRT(1+h/ha) where ha=1 metre. = 1.342

5.12 Number of parallel conductors 5.13 KI,the irregularity factor 5.14 Hence E mesh PERMISSIBLE VALUE 5.15 KI,the irregularity factor 5.16 KS WHERE 5.17 A 5.18 B 5.19 C 5.20 E 5.21 KS 5.22 Hence E step

= = =

= = = = = = =

SQRT(N1*N2) 11 0.656+0.172*n 2.548 KM*KI*ROW*I*1000/L 1,222.491 volts 223.91 0.656+0.172*n 2.548 (1/3.14)*(A+B+C(1-E)) 1/(2*h) 0.625 (1/(D+h)) 0.093 1/D 0.100 0.5^(n-2) 0.0019531 0.2603 KS*KI*ROW*I*1000/L 515.599 479.72

PERMISSIBLE VALUE 6 Minimum conductor length requirement To achieve the above conditions,the following condition has to be satisfied. 6.1 L =

(KM*KI*ROW*I*1000)/Permissible Emesh 7,395.77 metres

7 Evaluation of grid resistance 7.1 RG where 7.2 F 7.3 G 7.4 J 7.5 Hence RG 8 Grid potential rise Total grid potential rise IR

ohm = = = =

ROW*(F+G*(1+(1/J))) (1/L) 0.00035 1/(SQRT (20*A)) 0.00224 1+(h*(SQRT (20/A))) 1.036 0.213 ohm

Volts

I*RG 10,665.86 volts

*ROWE*10000)/TCAP

s,K)*ROWS))*0.116/(SQRT TF2) (hs,K)*ROWS))*0.116/(SQRT TF2)

/(ROW+ROWS)

N(A+B-C)+D*LN(E))

N(A+B-C)+D*LN(E))

where ha=1 metre.

*1000)/Permissible Emesh

Calculations are based on IEEE Vol 80,1986 version. 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.10 2 Parameters for design purposes: Soil resistivity Soil resistivity due to concrete Fault current Fault duration for sizing Fault duration for step and touch potentials Depth of burial of grid conductors Thickness of concrete Number of ground rod/pipe electrodes,3m long Area of the earth mat Effective earth fault current Evaluation of conductor sizing

ROW ROWS I TF1 TF2 h hs N AG Ia

Ohm meter Ohm meter KA sec sec metres metres nos sq.metres kA

73.0 500 50.00 1.00 0.70 0.80 0.20 10 200,000 23.40

2.1 Factor K0 2.2 TCAP is defined by TCAP 2.3 Minimum area of cross section A where 2.4 X1 2.5 X2 2.6 Minimum area of cross section A 2.7 Diameter of conductor 2.8 2.9 2.10 2.11 2.12 2.13 2.14 Temperature co-efficient of material Resistivity of earthing material Specific heat of material Density of material Reference temperature of material constant Max.allowable temperature for welded joints Ambient temperature ALPHAR ROWE SH SW TR TM TA

(1/ALPHAR)-TR 216.41 = = = = sq.mm mm 4.184*SW*SH 3.75 I*(SQRT(X1/X2)) (TF1*ALPHAR*ROWE*10000)/TCAP 169.24 LN(1+(TM-TA)/(K0-TA)) 1.31 568.43 26.91 0.00423 15.00 0.114 7.86 20 500 50

micro-ohm/cm cal/gram/C gram/cc C C C

2.15 Corrosion allowance Average rate of corrosion of steel is 61 mils for the first 12 years and 50% of that value 30.5 mils for the next 12 years.After this period,it is assumed that no corrosion takes place. (Reference IEEE Transactions of PAS-Volume 98. Total corrosion=(61+30.5)2 =183 mils ie 4.64mm. 2.16 Diameter of the conductor after corrosion= 2.17 Diameter of the conductor chosen d 3 3.1 3.2 3.3

31.55 mm. 0.04 M

Permissible step and touch voltages E step = (1000+(6*CS(hs,K)*ROWS))*0.116/(SQRT T E touch = (1000+(1.5*CS(hs,K)*ROWS))*0.116/(SQRT CS is a reduction factor depending upon the depth of gravel /concrete and reflection factor K. CS is obtained from Figure 8 of IEEE. = 0.82 3.4 K = (ROW-ROWS)/(ROW+ROWS)

-0.745 CS =1 for no gravel/ concrete. ALTERNATIVELY, CS = a=0.106 metre;s=(ROW/ROWS);U=(2hs+a) s = u = a = CS = Choose a lower value of CS from the above.Hence CS=0.82 3.5 Permissible Estep volts 3.6 Permissible Etouch volts 4 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 Preliminary layout Length of the earth mat Breadth of the earth mat Assumed spacing for the conductors Total no of conductors parallel to length

1-a*((1-s)/u) where 0.1460 0.506 0.11 0.821 479.72 223.91

L B D N1 N2 LC LINT LR L

metres metres metres nos nos metres metres metres metres

500.00 400.00 21.00 (B/D)+1 20 (L/D)+1 25 (N1*L)+(N2*B) 19,948 5,984 30.00 25,966

4.5 Total no of conductors parallel to breadth 4.6 Total quantity of conductors laid 4.7 Interconnections to the grid 4.7 Total ground rods length 4.8 Effective grid conductor length 5 Estimation of actual mesh and step voltages 5.1 Emesh 5.2 E step 5.3 KM 5.4 where A 5.5 B 5.6 C 5.7 D 5.8 E 5.9 KM

= = = = = = = = = = =

(ROW*KM*KI*I*1000)/L (ROW*KS*KI*I*1000)/L (1/(2*3.14))*(LN(A+B-C)+D*LN(E)) D^2/(16*h*d) 861.328 (D+2*h)^2/(8*D*d) 76.0060 (h/4*d) 5.000 (Kii/Kh) 0.745 8/(3.14*(2n-1)) 0.058 (1/(2*3.14))*(LN(A+B-C)+D*LN(E)) 0.752

5.10 Kii=1 for grids with ground rods along the perimeter Kii=1 for grids with ground rods at the grid corners Kii=1 for grids with ground rods along the perimeter and throughout the grid area 5.11 Kh = SQRT(1+h/ha) where ha=1 metre. = 1.342

5.12 Number of parallel conductors 5.13 KI,the irregularity factor 5.14 Hence E mesh PERMISSIBLE VALUE 5.15 KI,the irregularity factor 5.16 KS WHERE 5.17 A 5.18 B 5.19 C 5.20 E 5.21 KS 5.22 Hence E step

= = =

= = = = = = =

SQRT(N1*N2) 22 0.656+0.172*n 4.492 KM*KI*ROW*I*1000/L 474.659 volts 223.91 0.656+0.172*n 4.492 (1/3.14)*(A+B+C(1-E)) 1/(2*h) 0.625 (1/(D+h)) 0.046 1/D 0.048 0.5^(n-2) 0.0000008 0.2288 KS*KI*ROW*I*1000/L 144.479 479.72

PERMISSIBLE VALUE 6 Minimum conductor length requirement To achieve the above conditions,the following condition has to be satisfied. 6.1 L =

(KM*KI*ROW*I*1000)/Permissible Emesh 25,760.69 metres

7 Evaluation of grid resistance 7.1 RG where 7.2 F 7.3 G 7.4 J 7.5 Hence RG 8 Grid potential rise Total grid potential rise IR

ohm = = = =

ROW*(F+G*(1+(1/J))) (1/L) 0.00004 1/(SQRT (20*A)) 0.00050 1+(h*(SQRT (20/A))) 1.008 0.076 ohm

Volts

I*RG 3,776.08 volts

*ROWE*10000)/TCAP

s,K)*ROWS))*0.116/(SQRT TF2) (hs,K)*ROWS))*0.116/(SQRT TF2)

/(ROW+ROWS)

N(A+B-C)+D*LN(E))

N(A+B-C)+D*LN(E))

where ha=1 metre.

*1000)/Permissible Emesh

ABB-PE

EARTHING DESIGN FOR NEYVELI IN POWER BLOCK AREA

121757677.xls.ms_office

Calculations are based on IEEE Vol 80,1986 version. 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.10 2 Parameters for design purposes: Soil resistivity Soil resistivity due to concrete Fault current Fault duration for sizing Fault duration for step and touch potentials Depth of burial of grid conductors Thickness of concrete Number of ground rod/pipe electrodes,3m long Area of the earth mat Effective earth fault current Evaluation of conductor sizing

ROW ROW S I TF1 TF2 h hs N AG Ia

Ohm meter Ohm meter KA sec sec metres metres nos sq.metres kA

73 500 50.00 1.00 0.70 0.80 0.20 50 120,000 23.40

2.1 Factor K0 2.2 TCAP is defined by TCAP 2.3 Minimum area of cross section A where 2.4 X1 2.5 X2 2.6 Minimum area of cross section A 2.7 Diameter of conductor 2.8 2.9 2.10 2.11 2.12 2.13 2.14 Temperature co-efficient of material Resistivity of earthing material Specific heat of material Density of material Reference temperature of material constant Max.allowable temperature for welded joints Ambient temperature ALPHAR ROW E SH SW TR TM TA

(1/ALPHAR)-TR 216.41 = = = = sq.mm mm 4.184*SW *SH 3.75 I*(SQRT(X1/X2)) (TF1*ALPHAR*ROW E*10000)/TCAP 169.24 LN(1+(TM-TA)/(K0-TA)) 1.31 568.43 26.91 0.00423 15.00 0.114 7.86 20 500 50

micro-ohm/cm cal/gram/C gram/cc C C C

Page 16

ABB-PE

EARTHING DESIGN FOR NEYVELI IN POWER BLOCK AREA

121757677.xls.ms_office

2.15 Corrosion allowance Average rate of corrosion of steel is 61 mils for the first 12 years and 50% of that value 30.5 mils for the next 12 years.After this period,it is assumed that no corrosion takes place. (Reference IEEE Transactions of PAS-Volume 98. Total corrosion=(61+30.5)2 =183 mils ie 4.64mm. 2.16 Diameter of the conductor after corrosion= 2.17 Diameter of the conductor chosen d 3 3.1 3.2 3.3

31.55 mm. 0.04 M

Permissible step and touch voltages E step = (1000+(6*CS(hs,K)*ROW S))*0.116/(SQRT TF2) E touch = (1000+(1.5*CS(hs,K)*ROW S))*0.116/(SQRT TF2) CS is a reduction factor depending upon the depth of gravel /concrete and reflection factor K. CS is obtained from Figure 8 of IEEE. = 0.82 3.4 K = (ROW -ROW S)/(ROW +ROW S) -0.745 CS =1 for no gravel/ concrete. ALTERNATIVELY, CS = a=0.106 metre;s=(ROW /ROW S);U=(2hs+a) s = u = a = CS = Choose a lower value of CS from the above.Hence CS=0.82 3.5 Permissible Estep volts 3.6 Permissible Etouch volts

1-a*((1-s)/u) where 0.1460 0.506 0.11 0.821 479.72 223.91

Page 17

ABB-PE

EARTHING DESIGN FOR NEYVELI IN POWER BLOCK AREA

121757677.xls.ms_office

4 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4

Preliminary layout Length of the earth mat Breadth of the earth mat Assumed spacing for the conductors Total no of conductors parallel to length

L B D N1 N2 LC LINT LR L

metres metres metres nos nos metres metres metres metres

400.00 300.00 13.00 (B/D)+1 24 (L/D)+1 32 (N1*L)+(N2*B) 19,162 5,748 150.00 25,083

4.5 Total no of conductors parallel to breadth 4.6 Total quantity of conductors laid 4.7 Interconnections to the grid 4.7 Total ground rods length 4.8 Effective grid conductor length 5 Estimation of actual mesh and step voltages 5.1 Emesh 5.2 E step 5.3 KM 5.4 where A 5.5 B 5.6 C 5.7 D 5.8 E 5.9 KM

= = = = = = = = = =

(ROW *KM*KI*I*1000)/L (ROW *KS*KI*I*1000)/L (1/(2*3.14))*(LN(A+B-C)+D*LN(E)) D^2/(16*h*d) 330.078 (D+2*h)^2/(8*D*d) 51.2404 (h/4*d) 5.000 (Kii/Kh) 0.745 8/(3.14*(2n-1)) 0.047 (1/(2*3.14))*(LN(A+B-C)+D*LN(E))

Page 18

ABB-PE

EARTHING DESIGN FOR NEYVELI IN POWER BLOCK AREA

121757677.xls.ms_office

= 0.581 5.10 Kii=1 for grids with ground rods along the perimeter Kii=1 for grids with ground rods at the grid corners Kii=1 for grids with ground rods along the perimeter and throughout the grid area 5.11 Kh = SQRT(1+h/ha) where ha=1 metre. = 1.342 5.12 Number of parallel conductors 5.13 KI,the irregularity factor 5.14 Hence E mesh PERMISSIBLE VALUE 5.15 KI,the irregularity factor 5.16 KS W HERE 5.17 A 5.18 B 5.19 C 5.20 E 5.21 KS 5.22 Hence E step PERMISSIBLE VALUE n = = = SQRT(N1*N2) 28 0.656+0.172*n 5.413 KM*KI*ROW *I*1000/L 457.814 volts 223.91 0.656+0.172*n 5.413 (1/3.14)*(A+B+C(1-E)) 1/(2*h) 0.625 = = = = (1/(D+h)) 0.072 1/D 0.077 0.5^(n-2) 0.0000000 0.2466 KS*KI*ROW *I*1000/L 194.262 479.72

= = =

Page 19

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EARTHING DESIGN FOR NEYVELI IN POWER BLOCK AREA

121757677.xls.ms_office

6 Minimum conductor length requirement To achieve the above conditions,the following condition has to be satisfied. 6.1 L = (KM*KI*ROW *Ia*1000)/Permissible Emesh 24,000.74 metres

7 Evaluation of grid resistance 7.1 RG where 7.2 F 7.3 G 7.4 J 7.5 Hence RG 8 Grid potential rise Total grid potential rise IR

ohm = = = =

ROW *(F+G*(1+(1/J))) (1/L) 0.00004 1/(SQRT (20*A)) 0.00065 1+(h*(SQRT (20/A))) 1.010 0.097 ohm

Volts

I*RG 4,833.56 volts

Page 20