COMALGE PRACTICE EXERCISES 1

I. Know the structure of the real number system ( rational, irrational, integers, natural numbers, decimals)
Know also the properties of real numbers.
II. Perform the indicated operations
1. Add
2 2
y 5 xy x 2 + and
2 2
y 6 xy 5 x 7
2. Subtract 2a + 2b 4c from the sum of 4a 7b + 12c and 5b 3c
3. 9x ( 2y 3x) { y ( 2y - x) } [ 2y + 2 ( 4x - 3y) ]
4. } a ] 3 ) 3 a ( 5 a 2 [ 4 a { a 5 a 2
2 2 3
+ +
5. a.
4 6 5
) 3 5 ( b.
3 7 4 3 4 3
) y x 2 ( ) y x 4 ( c.
2 8 7 0
) y 5 )( y x 5 (
d. (2
5
)(2
-7
)(2
-2
) e. (3s
5
t
-4
)
-6
f. (-5m
-1
n
4
)
3
(n
-3
m
-2
)
-7
6. a.
2
6
a 9
2
bc
4
0
c
3
b
2
a 3

,
_

,
_

b.
2
v
2
u 33
u
2
w 28
4
w 7
3
v
2
u 3

c.
6 b 3
3 2 b 3 b
d a
) d a (
+ +
.
n 2 p 2 1 p
p 1 n 2 2 n
) y x (
) y x (
+
+ +
7. a.
( ) ( )
4 3
3 6
2 2
3 2
3 2


b.
( )
2 3 7
3 3 0
4
3a b c
2a b c

c.
1 3 5
1 2 3
9 t y
(4 ty )


d.
2a 1
a 1 n
9
(3 )

+
e.
3 5
14 19
10 10
10 10

f.
3 2 4 3
4 3 1 2
z y x 6
z y x 4


g.
2
2
2 2
2 1 3
w v u
w v u
1
1
1
]
1

,
_

8. a. 3xy( 2x 3y ) ( x + 5y ) b. ) xy 4 ( y x 2 ) y x 3 x 2 ( xy 3
2 2
+
9. a. ) 3 x 3 x 2 )( 1 x 4 x 4 (
2 2
+ + b. ) y 3 xy 4 x )( y xy 3 x 2 (
2 2 2 2
+ +
10. ) 1 x )( 10 x x 2 (
n n 2
+
11. a. Divide
4 x 4 x 5 x 6
2 3
+ +
by 2x + 3 b. Divide
3 x 2 x 4
3
+
by 2x - 1
12. a. Divide
4 x 4 x 5 x 4
2 4 3
+
by x + 2 b. Divide 16a
4n
- 64a
10n
by 2a
3n
13. a. Divide
1 x x x
2 5 9
+ + +
by
1 x x
2
+
b. Divide
3 x 8 x 4 x 3
2 4
+ +
by
2 x 6 x 3
2
+ +
14. a. Divide x
3
+ y
3
by x 2y b. Divide 4x
2
- 6xy- 3y
2
by 2x + 3y
c. Divide 3z
3
-11z
2
x - 18zx
2
- 6x
3
by z - 5x
III. Use special product formulas to find the following.
1. ( 7x + 3y ) ( 2x 4y) 12. ( 6m + 5n) ( 6m + 5n )
2. ( 2mn 3r) ( 5mn + 2r ) 13. ) 2 t 5 (
3
) 2 t 5 (
3

3.
2
) y 3 x 5 ( 14.
3 n n
) y x (
4.
2 3 2
) y 2 x 3 ( + 15.
2
) z 2 y x 5 ( +
5.
2 4 3
) z 3 y x 5 ( 16.
2
) c 2 b 6 a (
6.
3
) y x 4 ( 17.
2
) w 3 z 2 y x 2 ( + +
7.
3 2
) c 2 xy ( + 18.
] z 4 ) y 2 x 3 [( +

] z 4 ) y 2 x 3 [(
8.
3 2
) x x 3 ( 19. ] 3 ) x x 2 [(
2
] 3 ) x x 2 [(
2
+
9. ( 4x - 3y) ( 4x + 3y) 20. [ 2( x + y) 5] [ 3 ( x + y) + 4 ]
10. ) b 7 a 5 (
4 3
) b 7 a 5 (
4 3
+ 21. )] 1 x ( ) x x 2 [(
3 2
+ )] 1 x ( ) x x 2 [(
3 2

11. ) (
4
c
3
ab
+ ) (
4
c
3
ab
22. )] y x ( ) b 2 a [(
2 3 2
+ )] y x ( ) b 2 a [(
2 3 2

IV. Factor the following completely.
1.
x 10 x 4 x 2
2 3
+
16.
20 ab b a
2 2

2.
2 3 2 2 3 2
z xy 4 yz x 12 z xy 6 + 17.
6 x 11 x 10
2
+
3. 3y (2x + 5) 4x (2x + 5) 18.
4 2 2 4
q 6 q p 13 p 6 +
4.
2 2
) y 3 x ( xz 6 ) y 3 x ( x 3 + + + 19.
4 5 6
x 9 x 24 x 16 + +
5.
2 2
z 16 x 5 2 20.
2 2
y 25 xy 10 x + +
6.
6 8 4
z y x 4 21.
b a ab a
2
+ +
7.
6 4 3
xd 9 y x 22.
d 6 c 3 cd 4 c 2
2
+
8.
4 2
r 4 ) z 3 x 2 ( 81 + 23.
2 2 4
x 1 x 2 x + +
9.
2 2
) n 3 m 4 ( 4 a 64 24. yz 18 xz 24 xy 3 x 4
2
+
10.
3 3
b a 27
25.
bc ac b ab 2 a
2 2
+ +
11.
6 3
b 8 a +
26.
2 2 3 3
y xy 2 x y x +
12.
9 12
y x 8 27.
3 3 2 2
d c 8 d 3 cd 5 c 2 + +
13.
3 3
a ) b 3 x ( 64 28. ) 7 x 4 ( ) 3 x ( 8 ) 7 x 4 )( 3 x ( 2
2 2
+ + +
14.
a c b 4 a 9
2 2 3

29. 4 ) y x ( 23 ) y x ( 6
2
+
15.
9 4
y 81 y x 625 30.
2 2 2 2
b a 9 ) y 9 xy 12 x 4 ( 25 +
V. Reduce the ff fractions to lowest terms.
1.
7
5 2
xy 30
y x 36
2.
3 a 8 a 4
3 a 7 a 6
2
2
+

3.
x 3
27 x
3

4.
3 b 4 b b 12
1 b 4
3 2
2
+

VI. Perform the indicated operations

1.
3 2 4
2 3
y x 8
xy 27
xy 24
y x 40
2.
y 4 12
9 y 6 y
9 y
15 y y
2
2
2

3.
d c
bc
d c
bd bc
d c
dc c
2 2
2 2
2 2
2 3

+
+
4.
2 2
2
2 2
2 2
2 2
3 3
y 9 x
y 3 xy
y xy 3 x 9
y 3 xy 2 x
y xy 4 x 3
y x 27

+ +
+

5.
x
3 x
2 x
1 x +

+
+
6.
x 5 3
y x 2
3 x 5
y 2 x 3

7.
2 2
x 4 x 2
3
3 x 12
2

8.
3 x
1 x
9 x
6 x 6
3 x
x
2

+
+

+
9.
a 3
2
3 a
1

10.
8 x 10 x 3
3 x 2
12 x x 6
3 x
6 x x 2
1 x 2
2 2 2
+

+
+
+

11.
1 x
1 x 2 x
) x 1 ( x
1 x
2
2

+
12.
2 x
4 x
1 x
1
2 x
3

+

,
_

13.
c 1
c
3 c 3
2 c
5 c 3
2 c

+
14.
1
]
1

+ +

+
+
1
]
1

+
+

9 x 6 x
x
3 x
2 x
9 x 6 x
2 x 3
3 x
x 3
2 2
15.
2 x 3
x
2 x 5 x 12
1 x 5
6 x
2
+

+
+
+ +
16.
x
1
1 x
x
1
x
2
+ +

17.
x 2
1
4
1
x
1
x
4
2
1
2
3
+ +

18.
1
x 2
x 12 1
1 x 2
3
2 x
5

+
+
+

19.
x
1
1
1 x
x
1 x
x
x
2
2
+

20.
y
x 2
1
1
1
x
1
+

21.
q 2 p
q p
2
q 2 p
1
q p
2

+
VII. Simplify the ff expressions
1.
1
1 1
) y x (
y x

+
+
2.
1 2 2 1
2 1 1 2
y x 2 y x
x 6 y x y


+

3.
2 2 3
2 3 2
y y a
y a a

4.
1 2 2
) y x (

+
5.
2
4
) 3 x ( 8
) 3 x ( 4

6.
1 1
v u
v u

+
+
7.
1 1
2 2
x y
yx xy