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  • Practice Problems

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    Akhilesh Shende
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    This document contains practice problems related to quantum mechanics concepts such as wave-particle duality, the uncertainty principle, and the photoelectric effect. The problems calculate quantities like the wavelength and momentum of photons and particles, the energy levels and probabilities of electrons in atoms and molecules, and the speeds and energies of electrons emitted by different wavelengths of light. Sample answers are provided for many of the calculations.

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    This document contains practice problems related to quantum mechanics concepts such as wave-particle duality, the uncertainty principle, and the photoelectric effect. The problems calculate quantities like the wavelength and momentum of photons and particles, the energy levels and probabilities of electrons in atoms and molecules, and the speeds and energies of electrons emitted by different wavelengths of light. Sample answers are provided for many of the calculations.

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    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Baixe no formato PDF, TXT ou leia online no Scribd
    Sinalizar o conteúdo como inadequado
    2K visualizações2 páginas

    Practice Problems

    Enviado por

    Akhilesh Shende
    This document contains practice problems related to quantum mechanics concepts such as wave-particle duality, the uncertainty principle, and the photoelectric effect. The problems calculate quantities like the wavelength and momentum of photons and particles, the energy levels and probabilities of electrons in atoms and molecules, and the speeds and energies of electrons emitted by different wavelengths of light. Sample answers are provided for many of the calculations.

    Direitos autorais:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Baixe no formato PDF, TXT ou leia online no Scribd
    Sinalizar o conteúdo como inadequado
    de 2

    PracticeProblemsfrom(atkins)

    Waveparticleduality,UncertaintyPrinciple,Photoelectriceffect
    Towhatspeedmustaprotonbeacceleratedforittohaveawavelengthof3.0
    cm?Ans:1.3X105ms1.
    Thefinestructureconstant,(,playsaspecialroleinthestructureof
    matter;itsapproximatevalueis1/137.Whatisthewavelengthofanelectron
    travellingataspeedc,wherecisthespeedoflight?(Notethatthe
    circumferenceofthefirstBohrorbitinthehydrogenatomis331pm.)
    Calculatethelinearmomentumofphotonsofwavelength350nm.What
    speeddoesahydrogenmoleculeneedtotraveltohavethesamelinear
    momentum?Ans:1.8X1027kgms1,0.565ms1
    Thespeedofacertainelectronis995kms1.Iftheuncertaintyinits
    momentumistobereducedto0.0010percent,whatuncertaintyinits
    locationmustbetolerated?Ans:5.8X106m
    Calculatetheenergyperphotonandtheenergypermoleofphotonsfor
    radiationofwavelength(a)200nm(ultraviolet),(b)150pm(Xray),(c)1.00
    cm(microwave).Ans:598,7.98X105,0.012(inkJmol1)
    Theelectronicspectrumofthemoleculebutadienecanbeapproximated
    usingtheonedimensionalparticleinaboxifoneassumesthatthe
    conjugateddoublebondsspantheentirefourcarbonchain.Iftheelectron
    absorbingaphotonhavingawavelength2170isgoingfromleveln=2,to
    leveln=3,whatistheapproximatelengthoftheC4H6molecule?Ans:
    5.79
    Aphotonpoweredspacecraftofmass10.0kgemitsradiationofwavelength
    225nmwithapowerof1.50kWentirelyinthebackwarddirection.Towhat
    speedwillithaveacceleratedafter10.0yifreleasedintofreespace?Ans:
    158ms1
    AlaserusedtoreadCDsemitsredlightofwavelength700nm.Howmany
    photonsdoesitemiteachsecondifitspoweris(a)0.10W,(b)1.0W?
    Ans:(a)3.52X1017s1(b)3.52X1018s1
    Theworkfunctionformetallicrubidiumis2.09eV.Calculatethekinetic
    energyandthespeedoftheelectronsejectedbylightofwavelength(a)650
    nm,(b)195nm.Ans:(a)nokineticenergyorvelocity,(b)1.23X1018ms1
    Calculatethesizeofthequantuminvolvedintheexcitationof(a)an
    electronicoscillationofperiod2.50fs,(b)amolecularvibrationofperiod2.21
    fs,(c)abalancewheelofperiod1.0ms.Expresstheresultsinjoulesand
    kilojoulespermole.Ans:(a)2.65X1019J,(b)3.00X1019J,(c)6.62X10
    31J.

    CalculatethedeBrogliewavelengthofanelectronacceleratedfromrest
    throughapotentialdifferenceof(a)100V,(b)1.0kV,(c)100kV.Ans:(a)
    1.23X1010m
    Anelectronisconfinedtoalinearregionwithalengthofthesameorderas
    thediameterofanatom(about100pm).Calculatetheminimum
    uncertaintiesinitspositionandspeed.Ans:5.3X1025kgms1,5.8X
    105ms1
    InanXrayphotoelectronexperiment,aphotonofwavelength121pmejects
    anelectronfromtheinnershellofanatomanditemergeswithaspeedof
    56.9Mms1.Calculatethebindingenergyoftheelectron.Ans:1.67X10
    25J.
    ThePlanckdistributiongivestheenergyinthewavelengthrangedAatthe
    wavelengthA.Calculatetheenergydensityintherange650nmto655nm
    insideacavityofvolume100ern:'whenitstemperatureis(a)25C,(b)
    3000C.Ans:(a)1.6X1033Js1
    Thegroundstatewavefunctionforaparticleconfinedtoaonedimensional
    boxoflengthLis

    2 1 /2
    x
    = sin

    L
    L
    Supposetheboxis10.0nmlong.Calculatetheprobabilitythattheparticle
    is(a)betweenx=4.95nmand5.05nm,(b)betweenx=1.95nmand2.05
    nm,(c)betweenX=9.90nmand10.00nm,(d)intherighthalfofthebox,
    (e)inthecentralthirdofthebox.
    Thegroundstatewavefunctionofahydrogenatomis
    1/2
    1
    = 3 e r / a0
    a

    whereao=53pm(theBohrradius).(a)Calculatetheprobabilitythatthe
    electronwillbefoundsomewherewithinasmallsphereofradius1.0pm
    centredonthenucleus.(b)Nowsupposethatthesamesphereislocatedatr
    =a0.Whatistheprobabilitythattheelectronisinsideit?

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