DEmografia 31

Ao / Year II
No 4 Octubre / October 2007
Mortalidad
Mortality
La presente publicacin fue preparada por Guiomar Bay con la

colaboracin de Juan Chackiel. Estas actividades han sido coordinadas
por Dirk Jaspers-Faijer, Director del Centro Latinoamericano y Caribeo
de Demografa (CELADE) Divisin de Poblacin de la CEPAL.
La elaboracin de esta publicacin se benefici del apoyo proporcionado por
el Programa Regional sobre Poblacin y Desarrollo CEPAL/UNFPA.
NOTA: Las denominaciones utilizadas en esta publicacin y la forma
en que se han presentado los datos que contiene no implican, de parte
del CELADE Divisin de Poblacin de la CEPAL, juicio alguno
respecto de la condicin jurdica de ninguno de los pases y territorios
citados, de sus autoridades ni de la delimitacin de sus fronteras.
This publication was prepared by Guiomar Bay in collaboration with

Juan Chackiel. The activities involved were coordinated by Dirk JaspersFaijer, Director of the Latin American and Caribbean Demographic
Centre (CELADE) - Population Division of ECLAC.
Support in the preparation of this publication was provided by the
ECLAC/United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) Regional Programme
on Population and Development.
NOTE: The designations used and the presentation of the data in this
publication do not imply any opinion whatsoever on the part of CELADE
Population Division, concerning the legal status of any country or
territory, its authorities or the delimitation of its borders
Para cualquier consulta sobre el contenido de este Boletn dirigirse a:/

For additional information on the contents of this Bulletin, please contact:
Centro Latinoamericano y Caribeo de Demografa Divisin de Poblacin de la CEPAL, Casilla 179-D, Santiago de Chile.
Fax 56 - 2 - 208 01 96
E-mail: celade@eclac.cl
Diseo de portada / Cover design: Pablo Bretn

Diagramacin interior / Book layout: Gloria Barrios
Publicacin de las Naciones Unidas / United Nations Publication

ISSN impreso /printed 1990-424X
ISSN electrnico /online version 1995-4271
ISSN CD-rom 1990-4258
ISBN 978-92-1-021065-2
LC/G.2350-P
Nmero de venta/Sales No. E/S.07.II.G.173
Copyright Naciones Unidas 2007 / United Nations 2007. Todos los derechos estn reservados / All rights reserved
Para solicitudes de suscripcin o compra de ejemplares / For subscription or single issues publications@eclac.org
Impreso en Naciones Unidas, Santiago de Chile / Printed in Santiago, Chile, United Nations
La autorizacin para reproducir esta obra debe solicitarse al Secretario de la Junta de Publicaciones, Sede de las Naciones
Unidas, Nueva York, N.Y. 10017, Estados Unidos. Los Estados miembros y sus instituciones gubernamentales pueden reproducir esta
obra sin autorizacin previa. Solo se les solicita que mencionen la fuente e informen a las Naciones Unidas de tal reproduccin.
Applications for the right to reproduce this work are welcomed and should be sent to the Secretary of the Publications Board,
United Nations Headquarters, New York, N.Y. 10017, U.S.A. Member States and their governmental institutions may reproduce this
work without prior authorization, but are requested to mention the source and inform the United Nations of such reproduction.
CEPAL Amrica Latina y el Caribe. Observatorio demogrfico N 4
Mortalidad
ndice / Contents
Presentacin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5
7
La mortalidad en Amrica Latina: una trayectoria auspiciosa pero heterognea . . . . . . . . . . . .

Mortality in Latin America: a favourable but heterogeneous trend. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
9
27
Cuadros / Tables. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
45
1a.

1b.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

Poblacin total de la regin, por pases y territorios./ Total population

of the region, by country and territory. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Poblacin total de la regin, por pases y territorios y aos calendario./
Total population of the region, by country or territory and calendar year. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Amrica Latina: tasas de crecimiento total estimadas, por quinquenios y pases./
Latin America: estimated total growth rates, by five-year period and country. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Amrica Latina: tasas globales de fecundidad estimadas, por quinquenios y pases./
Latin America: estimated total fertility rates, by five-year period and country. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Amrica Latina: tasas brutas de natalidad estimadas, por quinquenios y pases./
Latin America: estimated crude birth rates, by five-year period and country. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Amrica Latina: esperanza de vida al nacer estimada, por quinquenios y pases./
Latin America: estimated life expectancy at birth, by five-year period and country. . . . . . . . . . .
Amrica Latina: tasas de mortalidad infantil estimadas, por quinquenios y pases./
Latin America: estimated infant mortality rates, by five-year period and country . . . . . . . . . . . .
Amrica Latina: tasas brutas de mortalidad estimadas, por quinquenios y pases./
Latin America: estimated crude mortality rates, by five-year period and country. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Amrica Latina: tasas de migracin estimadas, por quinquenios y pases./
Latin America: estimated migration rates, by five-year period and country. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Amrica Latina: porcentaje de poblacin menor de 15 aos de edad, por pases./
Latin America: percentage of population under 15 years of age, by country . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Amrica Latina: relacin de dependencia, por pases./ Latin America:
dependency ratio, by country. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
47
50
52
53
54
55
58
61
62
63
64

ECLAC Latin America and the Caribbean. Demographic Observatory No. 4
11.

12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.

30.
31.

Amrica Latina: defunciones anuales, por quinquenios y pases./ Latin America:

annual deaths estimated, by quinquennium and country. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Argentina: tablas abreviadas de mortalidad./ Argentina: abridged life tables. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Bolivia: tablas abreviadas de mortalidad./ Bolivia: abridged life tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Brasil: tablas abreviadas de mortalidad./ Brasil: abridged life tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Chile: tablas abreviadas de mortalidad./ Chile: abridged life tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Colombia: tablas abreviadas de mortalidad./ Colombia: abridged life tables. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Costa Rica: tablas abreviadas de mortalidad./ Costa Rica: abridged life tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cuba: tablas abreviadas de mortalidad./ Cuba: abridged life tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ecuador: tablas abreviadas de mortalidad./ Ecuador: abridged life tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
El Salvador: tablas abreviadas de mortalidad./ El Salvador: abridged life tables. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Guatemala: tablas abreviadas de mortalidad./ Guatemala: abridged life tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Hait: tablas abreviadas de mortalidad./ Haiti: abridged life tables. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Honduras: tablas abreviadas de mortalidad./ Honduras: abridged life tables. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mxico: tablas abreviadas de mortalidad./ Mexico: abridged life tables. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nicaragua: tablas abreviadas de mortalidad./ Nicaragua: abridged life tables. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Panam: tablas abreviadas de mortalidad./ Panama: abridged life tables. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Paraguay: tablas abreviadas de mortalidad./ Paraguay: abridged life tables. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Per: tablas abreviadas de mortalidad./ Peru: abridged life tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Repblica Dominicana: tablas abreviadas de mortalidad./ Dominican Republic:
abridged life tables. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Uruguay: tablas abreviadas de mortalidad./ Uruguay: abridged life tables. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Repblica Bolivariana de Venezuela: tablas abreviadas de mortalidad./
Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela: abridged life tables. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mortality
65
66
74
82
90
98
106
114
122
130
138
146
154
162
170
178
186
194
202
210
218
Metodologa de las estimaciones y proyecciones de la mortalidad por sexo y edad. . . . . . . . .

Methodology of mortality estimates and projections by age and sex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
227
239
Definicin de algunos indicadores demogrficos/ Definitions of some

demographic indicators. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
251
Publicaciones de la CEPAL / ECLAC publications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
253
Mortalidad
Presentacin
En este nmero del Observatorio demogrfico se presenta un conjunto de tablas abreviadas de mortalidad por sexo,
estimadas y proyectadas por quinquenios, que fueron elaboradas como insumos para las estimaciones y proyecciones
de la poblacin nacionales, desglosadas por sexo y grupos quinquenales de edad, de los 20 pases de Amrica Latina,
para el perodo 1980-2020.
Las cifras de esta publicacin constituyen una revisin de las presentadas en el Boletn demogrfico N 74 de julio
de 2004.
En las notas metodolgicas de este Observatorio, adems de una breve descripcin de la metodologa utilizada en
las estimaciones y proyecciones de mortalidad, se hace una relacin por pas de las fuentes de datos consideradas.
Como es habitual en el Observatorio demogrfico, se incluye tambin un captulo analtico con un panorama general
de la informacin presentada. El cuadro 1a comprende la poblacin total de los 20 pases de Amrica Latina (y tambin
la de los pases y territorios del Caribe) entre los aos 1950 y 2050, y el cuadro 1b la poblacin de estos mismos pases y
territorios por ao calendario, para el perodo 2005-2015. En los cuadros 2 a 11 se presenta un conjunto de indicadores
demogrficos, entre ellos las tasas de crecimiento, las tasas globales de fecundidad, las tasas brutas de natalidad y
mortalidad, la esperanza de vida al nacer y la tasa de mortalidad infantil. En los cuadros 12 a 31 se muestran las tablas
abreviadas de mortalidad por sexo del perodo 1980-2020 para cada uno de los 20 pases de Amrica Latina.
Por ltimo, en el CD-ROM que acompaa esta publicacin se incluyen, adems de los cuadros presentados en esta
publicacin, las tablas de mortalidad para un perodo ms extenso (1950-2050) e informacin referente a las estimaciones
y proyecciones de poblacin total, urbana y rural y econmicamente activa. Cabe sealar que esta informacin tambin
est disponible en Internet (http://www.eclac.cl/celade).
Dirk Jaspers-Faijer
Director, Centro Latinoamericano y Caribeo de Demografa (CELADE) Divisin de Poblacin de la CEPAL
Mortality
Mortalidad
Introduction
This edition of the Demographic Observatory presents a series of abridged life tables by sex, estimated and projected
by five-year periods, which were prepared as inputs to national population estimates and projections, disaggregated by
gender and five-year age groups, for the 20 countries of Latin America for the period 1980-2020.
The figures in this publication are a revised version of those presented in Demographic Bulletin No. 74 in July 2004.
The methodological notes of this edition of the Observatory, in addition to a brief description of the methodology
used in the mortality estimates and projections, describe the data sources used for each country.
As usual in the Demographic Observatory, this edition also includes an analytical section containing a general
overview of the information presented. Table 1(a) includes the total population of the 20 countries of Latin America
(and also of the countries and territories of the Caribbean) between 1950 and 2050, and table 1(b) shows the population
of those same countries and territories by calendar year for the period 2005-2015. Tables 2 to 11 present a series of
demographic indicators, including growth rates, global fertility rates, gross birth and death rates, life expectancy at
birth and child mortality rates. Tables 12 to 31 are abridged life tables by sex for the period 1980-2020 for each of the
20 countries of Latin America.
Lastly, the CD-ROM enclosed with this edition, in addition to the tables presented in this publication, contains life
tables for a more extensive period (1950-2050) and information relating to estimates and projections of total, urban,
rural and economically active population. This information is also available online at http://www.eclac.cl/celade.
Dirk Jaspers-Faijer
Director, Latin American and Caribbean Demographic Centre (CELADE) Population Division of ECLAC
Mortality
Mortalidad
La mortalidad en Amrica Latina: una trayectoria

auspiciosa pero heterognea
Introduccin
La medicin y el anlisis de la mortalidad suscitan el
inters de mltiples disciplinas o campos de accin, entre
ellos los sectores de la salud, la demografa, la seguridad
social y las polticas sociales en general. Este amplio
inters obedece a que la vida constituye el bien ms
preciado para todos y por ello el esfuerzo por tratar de
evitar la muerte y disminuir en la mayor medida posible
su incidencia individual y social. A esto se agrega que
la mortalidad es un indicador de la situacin de salud
y tambin de las condiciones de vida de la poblacin
en una amplia variedad de aspectos. De esta manera,
se justifica plenamente contar con una buena medicin
de este fenmeno, lo que supone mejorar la recoleccin
de datos y la elaboracin de indicadores adecuados.
Los indicadores ms refinados de la mortalidad de una
poblacin determinada se encuentran en las tablas de
mortalidad, cuyo elemento ms sinttico es la esperanza
de vida, pero que adems arrojan una serie de tasas y
probabilidades de muerte y sobrevivencia por sexo y
edad.1 Una caracterstica importante de las tablas de
mortalidad es que sus funciones son comparables, tanto
entre diferentes poblaciones como en el tiempo.
En esta publicacin se incluye el conjunto de tablas
de mortalidad de los pases de Amrica Latina, elaboradas
con el fin de estimar y proyectar la poblacin para un
1
2
perodo de 100 aos (que comprende un perodo histrico

de 50 aos y una proyeccin de 50 aos).2 Sobre la base
de estas tablas, en la seccin I de este captulo se presenta
el anlisis de los niveles y tendencias de la mortalidad
general en los pases latinoamericanos para el perodo
histrico. Debido a su importante incidencia en la regin,
en la seccin II se examina en particular la mortalidad
en la infancia y en la seccin III la mortalidad por sexo
y edades, considerando separadamente la mortalidad de
nios, adultos y adultos mayores. Por ltimo, en la seccin
IV se presentan las perspectivas de la mortalidad de
acuerdo con las proyecciones efectuadas por la Comisin
Econmica para Amrica Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL) y
el Centro Latinoamericano y Caribeo de Demografa
(CELADE) Divisin de Poblacin de la CEPAL.
Se propone adoptar como marco analtico de referencia
el proceso de transicin epidemiolgica que da cuenta, en
gran parte, de la tendencia a la disminucin de la mortalidad,
a partir de los avances de la medicina, el desarrollo de
sistemas de atencin de la salud ms apropiados, las mejoras
de las condiciones de vida de la poblacin y el cambio de
los estilos de vida. La transicin epidemiolgica vincula la
importante disminucin de la mortalidad principalmente
a la mayor posibilidad de evitar las defunciones causadas
por enfermedades transmisibles, lo que cambia el perfil de
Vanse en el anexo los aspectos metodolgicos y las definiciones de las funciones de las tablas de mortalidad.
En la publicacin impresa se incluye el perodo 1980-2020 y en el CD-ROM que se adjunta a la publicacin el perodo comprendido entre
1950 y 2050.
las defunciones por causas y grupos de edad. En particular,

conduce a la disminucin del peso relativo de las muertes
por enfermedades infecciosas y parasitarias, propias de las
edades tempranas, y al incremento relativo del peso de las
muertes por enfermedades crnicas y degenerativas, ms
Mortality
frecuentes en los adultos. La transicin epidemiolgica,

junto con la transicin demogrfica, permite, en parte,
comprender la heterogeneidad existente entre los pases
de la regin en lo relativo a los niveles y las tendencias
de mortalidad.
I. Niveles, tendencias y metas respecto de la mortalidad general en

Amrica Latina
10
La duracin media de la vida de 72 aos lograda en

Amrica Latina supera la meta de 70 aos fijada por la
Organizacin Mundial de la Salud (OMS) para el ao
2000 y la establecida para el ao 2005 por la Conferencia
Internacional sobre la Poblacin y el Desarrollo (CIPD),
celebrada en El Cairo en 1994 (Naciones Unidas, 1995).
De los 20 pases de la regin, solamente Hait y Bolivia no
alcanzaron la meta de 70 aos (vase el cuadro 1). Segn la
informacin del cuadro 1, la regin probablemente alcance
la meta de 75 aos de esperanza de vida propuesta por la
CIPD para el ao 2015; sin embargo, las proyecciones
para los pases indican que la mitad de ellos tendrn que
hacer esfuerzos importantes para lograr la meta fijada para
ese ao. Adems, la CIPD fija metas especiales para los
pases con alta mortalidad (65 aos para 2005 y 70 aos
para 2015) y segn las estimaciones de los dos pases en
esa situacin, Bolivia habra alcanzado la meta para el
ao 2005 (vase el cuadro 1).
Grfico 1
ESPERANZA DE VIDA AL NACER,
POR GRANDES REGIONES DEL MUNDO
90
80
70
60
Aos
50
40
30
20
Amrica del
Norte
Oceana
Europa
Asia oriental
Amrica Latina
Asia
frica
Regiones en
desarrollo
Regiones
desarrolladas
10
Mundo
Al igual que ocurri en los pases desarrollados hace

aproximadamente un siglo y medio, la transicin
demogrfica latinoamericana se inicia con el descenso de
la mortalidad, sobre todo en los primeros aos de vida.
Sin embargo, los niveles y las tendencias de la mortalidad
en los pases han sido muy heterogneos, ya que mientras
en algunos se ha alcanzado en la actualidad una situacin
muy similar a la de los pases desarrollados, una gran parte
de la poblacin an vive en pases con condiciones de
salud y mortalidad muy desfavorables que se caracterizan
por una elevada mortalidad en la infancia. Si bien en
algunos pases comenz el descenso de la mortalidad en
la primera mitad de este siglo, principalmente en la dcada
de 1930 (Prez Brignoli, 1993), los indicadores de esta
publicacin se basan en la informacin recogida a partir
de 1950. Esto se debe a que ese ao marca el inicio del
levantamiento sistemtico de censos de poblacin, a lo
que sigui la elaboracin de estimaciones demogrficas
y proyecciones de poblacin por parte de las Naciones
Unidas, que supusieron una evaluacin ms exhaustiva
de los registros de estadsticas vitales y el desarrollo y la
aplicacin de mtodos indirectos para estimar la mortalidad,
tanto en la niez como en edades adultas.
El promedio de la esperanza de vida al nacer
e(0) de Amrica Latina a mediados del siglo pasado
era 52 aos, mientras que en los ltimos aos (2000-2005)
es aproximadamente 72 aos. Segn la informacin
proporcionada por la Divisin de Poblacin de Naciones
Unidas (revisin 2006), la esperanza de vida al nacer
en Amrica Latina en la actualidad es mayor a la de las
otras regiones en vas de desarrollo (vase el grfico 1).
Esta es una comparacin primaria, ya que en el grfico
se presenta un promedio de las regiones y en l no se
manifiestan las importantes diferencias entre los pases que
las integran. Se incorpor la subregin de Asia oriental,
que habra superado los 20 aos ganados por Amrica
Latina entre 1950-1955 y 2000-2005 e incrementado su
e(0) en 30 aos hasta alcanzar en la actualidad un valor
de 73 aos.3
1950-1955
2000-2005
Fuente: Naciones Unidas, World Population Prospects. 2006 Revision. y

Centro Latinoamericano y Caribeo de Demografa (CELADE) Divisin
de Poblacin de la CEPAL, estimaciones y proyecciones de poblacin
revisin 2007.
Asia oriental comprende los siguientes pases: China, Japn, Mongolia, Repblica de Corea y Repblica Popular Democrtica de Corea.
Mortalidad
Cuadro 1
ESPERANZA DE VIDA AL NACER, DE AMBOS SEXOS, Y METAS FIJADAS POR LA CONFERENCIA INTERNACIONAL SOBRE LA
POBLACIN Y EL DESARROLLO (CIPD), 1994
Pas y nivel de mortalidada
1950-1955
1975-1980
2005b
Meta: e(0) = 70c
2015b
Meta: e(0) = 75c
Amrica Latina
Alta (menos de 69 aos)
Hait
Bolivia
Media (69-71,9 aos)
Guatemala
Per
El Salvador
Paraguay
Nicaragua
Honduras
Brasil
Repblica Dominicana
Media baja (72-74,9 aos)
Colombia
Venezuela (Rep. Bol. de)
Ecuador
Argentina
Baja (75 aos y ms)
Panam
Mxico
Uruguay
Cuba
Chile
Costa Rica
51,8
63,4
72,8
75,0
37,6
40,4
50,0
50,1
59,4
64,7
d
Xd
63,4
67,9
42,0
43,9
45,3
62,6
42,3
41,8
51,0
46,0
56,2
58,5
57,1
66,5
57,6
57,7
61,8
62,1
69,5
70,7
71,2
71,3
71,9
71,5
71,7
71,7
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
71,9
73,2
73,4
73,2
75,1
73,6
74,1
73,7
50,6
55,2
48,4
62,7
64,0
67,7
61,4
68,8
72,2
73,3
74,6
74,8
X
X
X
X
74,4
75,1
76,2
76,5
X
X
X
55,3
50,7
66,3
59,5
54,8
57,3
69,0
65,3
69,6
73,1
67,2
71,0
75,2
75,5
75,7
77,7
78,1
78,5
X
X
X
X
X
X
76,7
77,7
77,5
79,5
79,4
79,6
X
X
X
X
X
X
Fuente: Centro Latinoamericano y Caribeo de Demografa (CELADE) Divisin de Poblacin de la CEPAL, estimaciones y proyecciones de poblacin revisin 2007.
a Nivel
de mortalidad sobre la base de la esperanza de vida al nacer en el ao 2005.

esperanzas de vida al nacer para estos aos se calcularon como promedios de los quinquenios adyacentes.
X significa que se logr la meta fijada.
d Las metas para los pases de alta mortalidad son una esperanza de vida de 65 aos para el ao 2005 y de 70 aos para 2015.
b Las
c La
En el cuadro 1 se observa la heterogeneidad que existe

entre los pases de Amrica Latina respecto del nivel de
mortalidad. Mientras la esperanza de vida al nacer en
Costa Rica, Chile y Cuba es alrededor de 78 aos, una cifra
superior a la de muchos pases desarrollados, en Hait no
llega a 60 aos. Si se considera el aumento promedio de
la regin de 0,4 aos por ao de la e(0), Hait tendra un
rezago de cerca de 50 aos con respecto a Costa Rica.
Uruguay y Argentina constituyen casos excepcionales
por su baja mortalidad debido a los descensos de esta tasa
ocurridos con anterioridad al ao 1950.4 Estos pases,
que estaban a la vanguardia por su baja mortalidad, han
registrado descensos menores en el perodo en estudio, por
lo que fueron superados por los tres pases mencionados
en el prrafo anterior. En la actualidad integran el grupo
de pases de baja y media baja mortalidad, entre los que se
encuentran Mxico, Panam y Ecuador con una esperanza
de vida al nacer en torno a 75 aos.
Cabe destacar el salto de los pases de Centroamrica

adems de Mxico, Ecuador, Per y Repblica
Dominicana, que en medio siglo han aumentado entre
25 y 30 aos la expectativa de vida, lo que en algunos
casos signific superar el promedio regional. En sntesis,
en la actualidad la mitad de los pases de Amrica Latina
tendra una expectativa de vida superior a 72 aos y el
85% superior a 70 aos.
Si bien las cifras analizadas revelan un panorama
bastante positivo, existen evidencias de que no se habra
cumplido cabalmente con el objetivo establecido por
la Conferencia Internacional sobre la Poblacin y el
Desarrollo respecto de la reduccin de las desigualdades
en la mortalidad en los pases. Dada la escasez de estudios
de mortalidad general en distintas subpoblaciones,
puede obtenerse un indicador de la continuidad de estas
inequidades en estudios sobre mortalidad en la niez. En
ese sentido, en el Panorama Social de Amrica Latina
En cierta medida, ocurre algo similar en Paraguay y Cuba, pero con comportamientos dismiles, pues mientras Cuba se ubica hoy entre los
pases de muy baja mortalidad, en Paraguay la esperanza de vida al nacer todava es inferior al promedio regional.
11
(CEPAL, 2005) se muestran evidencias claras de la

continuidad de esas desigualdades en el captulo sobre
desigualdades demogrficas y desigualdades sociales.
Las conclusiones indican que se habran hecho avances
debido a la reduccin de la mortalidad infantil en sectores
socioeconmicos menos favorecidos, pero que no ocurrira
lo mismo en las divisiones geogrficas. Adems, se seala
que las poblaciones indgenas seran las ms rezagadas en
el proceso de descenso de la mortalidad y que muestran
grandes disparidades respecto de lo que ocurre en la
poblacin no indgena.
La transicin epidemiolgica
Un marco de referencia til para comprender la tendencia
de la mortalidad a partir de los indicadores incluidos en esta
publicacin, es la denominada transicin epidemiolgica.
Este proceso consiste en el cambio de los perfiles de causas
de muerte, que llevan a pasar de la predominancia de
enfermedades transmisibles y afecciones originadas en el
perodo perinatal a una mayor presencia de enfermedades
crnicas y degenerativas, as como de causas denominadas
externas (Frenk, Lozano y Bobadilla,1994; Chackiel,
1999).5 La transicin epidemiolgica es la manifestacin de
las transformaciones que han ocurrido en las condiciones
de salud de la poblacin, debido tanto a los avances de la
medicina, como a los cambios en los sistemas de salud,
la modificacin de los estilos de vida y la mejora de las
condiciones de vida de importantes sectores de la poblacin.
Los mismos autores sealan que el cambio de los perfiles
epidemiolgicos no se produce de la misma manera en
todas las sociedades y que no tiene una tendencia lineal,
sino que muestra marchas y contramarchas a velocidades
variables.
La transicin epidemiolgica est muy relacionada
con la transicin demogrfica, siendo uno de los factores
desencadenantes de esta ltima en la medida que determina
la disminucin de la mortalidad, un componente con el
que se inicia ese proceso. Posteriormente, los cambios
epidemiolgicos se profundizan debido a factores
como el descenso de la fecundidad, el envejecimiento
de la poblacin y la mayor concentracin urbana de la
poblacin. Ambas transiciones tienen como consecuencia
un profundo cambio en la estructura por edades de las
defunciones, que se caracteriza tanto por el aumento del
peso relativo de las defunciones de adultos mayores,
causado por la sobrevivencia de las personas hasta edades
12
Mortality
ms avanzadas, como por el crecimiento acelerado de la

poblacin en edades superiores. Un indicador til para
conocer el momento de la transicin epidemiolgica que
atraviesa un pas determinado, sera el cociente entre las
defunciones de menores de 15 aos y las defunciones de
personas de 65 aos y ms (vase la seccin III).
La mortalidad general por sexo

De acuerdo con el comportamiento conocido de la
mortalidad por sexo, en trminos generales las mujeres
se ven favorecidas por un mayor promedio de aos de
vida y por aumentos crecientes de la sobremortalidad
masculina (vase el grfico 2). En general, la tendencia
del diferencial por sexo es a aumentar la ventaja a favor
de las mujeres, de aproximadamente 2,5 a 3,5 aos
para una esperanza de vida al nacer de alrededor de
50 aos a valores superiores a 6 aos para una
esperanza de vida al nacer que supera los 70 aos. A
ello contribuira el proceso de transicin epidemiolgica,
tanto por la disminucin de muertes femeninas debidas
a complicaciones del embarazo y el parto, as como a
ciertas enfermedades transmisibles que han afectado a
las mujeres con mayor intensidad. Adems, habra una
mayor sobremortalidad de hombres por enfermedades
cardiovasculares y por causas externas.
Sin embargo, la magnitud de las diferencias de la
esperanza de vida al nacer de las mujeres menos la esperanza
de vida al nacer de los hombres son heterogneas entre
pases, aun en aquellos que tienen niveles similares de
mortalidad. Por ejemplo, en el ltimo quinquenio analizado,
en pases con distinta mortalidad, como Brasil y Uruguay
(vase el grfico 2), se alcanza una diferencia superior a
6 aos, mientras que en Cuba y Costa Rica, que son los
pases con ms baja mortalidad, se observan brechas por
sexo menores y relativamente estables, del orden de la
que se observa actualmente en Hait.
El patrn general es la existencia de una diferencia
a favor del sexo femenino, que hasta ahora se ha
incrementado en la forma descrita. No obstante, la tendencia
futura no es clara si se tiene en cuenta que el aumento
ms reciente en aos de vida tiende a alcanzar valores
similares en hombres y mujeres, lo que conducira al
menos a una estabilizacin de las diferencias. Este hecho
puede observarse ya en algunos pases seleccionados del
grfico 2, como Uruguay, Brasil, Mxico, Chile, as como
en el promedio regional. Cabra preguntarse si se trata de
Enfermedades transmisibles son las enfermedades infecciosas y parasitarias, infecciones intestinales (diarreas), enfermedades respiratorias
agudas y las evitables por inmunizacin, que afectan principalmente a los nios. Las afecciones originadas en el perodo perinatal son las
enfermedades de la madre y obsttricas, malformaciones congnitas y otras enfermedades de carcter endgeno. Las enfermedades crnicas y
degenerativas comprenden las enfermedades cerebrales y cardiovasculares, tumores y otras enfermedades degenerativas, propias de los adultos
y adultos mayores. Las causas de muerte externas incluyen accidentes, suicidios, homicidios y otras causas de muerte de carcter traumtico
o violento.
Grfico 2
Amrica Latina (pases seleccionados): diferencia
de esperanza de vida al nacer de mujeres menos la
esperanza de vida al nacer de hombres
9
8
7
6
Aos
un quiebre definitivo de la tendencia creciente de la ventaja

del sexo femenino y si en el futuro debera esperarse una
convergencia de las esperanzas de vida de ambos sexos
o, al menos, una estabilizacin de la brecha existente
en la actualidad. La respuesta a esta interrogante tiene
que ver con el origen de las diferencias de la mortalidad
por gnero y a ella concurren explicaciones biolgicas,
mdicas, sociales, culturales y medioambientales. En
ese sentido, parecera que la tendencia a combatir en el
presente, con mayor xito que en el pasado, las causas
asociadas a las defunciones masculinas, sumada a los
avances en la igualdad de gnero, que tambin suponen
compartir las tensiones de la vida moderna, probablemente
conduzcan a una mayor equidad de gnero en trminos
de los riesgos de mortalidad.
Mortalidad
5
4
3
2
1
0
19501955
19551960
19601965
19651970
19701975
19751980
19801985
19851990
19901995
19952000
20002005
Amrica Latina
Guatemala
Mxico
Chile
Hait
Brasil
Uruguay
Cuba
Fuente: Centro Latinoamericano y Caribeo de Demografa (CELADE) Divisin

revisin 2007.
II. La mortalidad en la infancia

El aumento de la esperanza de vida al nacer, tanto en
mujeres como en hombres, ha sido principalmente
el resultado del descenso de la mortalidad en edades
tempranas, particularmente de la mortalidad infantil. Este
descenso se ha registrado en todos los pases, incluso en
los que integran el grupo de mortalidad relativamente
alta (vase el grfico 3). En la segunda mitad del siglo
XX, la regin redujo su tasa de mortalidad infantil en
un 80%, al pasar de 128 defunciones por 1.000 nacidos
vivos a 26 por 1.000.6
Grfico 3
Amrica Latina (pases seleccionados): Tasas de
mortalidad infantil, 1950-2005
250
Tasas por 1 000
200
150
100
50
0
1950- 1955- 1960- 1965- 1970- 1975- 1980- 1985- 1990- 1995- 20001955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Hait
Brasil
Uruguay
Guatemala
Mxico
Chile
Costa Rica

revisin 2007.
Si bien las reducciones fueron importantes, como

era de esperarse, los mayores logros corresponden a los
pases que alcanzaron esperanzas de vida al nacer ms
elevadas, que en el grfico 3 estn representados por Chile
y Costa Rica, cuya tasa de mortalidad infantil se redujo
en aproximadamente un 90% (actualmente muestran tasas
de 10 defunciones por 1.000 nacidos vivos e inferiores).
Asimismo, en los pases de alta mortalidad, como Hait y
Bolivia, la reduccin es de un 65% a un 75%, y la tasa de
mortalidad infantil quintuplica con creces la de los pases
con tasas ms bajas. Uruguay y Argentina, que tuvieron una
mortalidad ms baja en la primera mitad del siglo pasado,
tambin tuvieron reducciones relativamente moderadas
(entre un 70% y un 75% ). Entre los pases de mortalidad
media, llama la atencin Paraguay por ser el pas con el
menor porcentaje de disminucin (51%), por lo que ha
pasado del cuarto lugar de menor mortalidad infantil en
1950-1955 al decimoquinto lugar en la actualidad.
Un hecho que cabe destacar es que la mortalidad
infantil ha descendido, en mayor o menor medida, en forma
relativamente independiente de los indicadores sociales
y econmicos, aun en los perodos de crisis econmica
en que en algunos pases se produjo una reduccin del
PIB y aumentos de la pobreza. De todas maneras, la tasa
de mortalidad infantil contina siendo un indicador del
nivel de desarrollo social y de las brechas en el acceso
a la atencin de la salud en y entre los pases (CEPAL y
UNICEF, 2007). Como se ha mencionado, existen varios
Se refiere a la probabilidad de morir antes de cumplir 1 ao de vida, que habitualmente se calcula como el cociente entre las defunciones de
menores de 1 ao y el nmero de nacidos vivos correspondiente al mismo perodo, generalmente un ao.
13
14
Las estimaciones para los pases de mortalidad

intermedia en 2005 muestran un resultado alentador,
pues, en general, todos los pases de la regin, salvo Hait
y levemente Bolivia, han logrado disminuir las tasas de
mortalidad de menores de 1 ao por debajo de la meta
de 50 por 1.000. Un hecho similar ocurrira hacia el ao
2015 con la meta de 35 defunciones por 1.000 nacidos
vivos si se cumplen las predicciones actuales.
Tal como ocurre con las metas de la mortalidad general
medida por la esperanza de vida al nacer, para cumplir
el objetivo de la Declaracin del Milenio fijado para el
ao 2015 se requerirn importantes esfuerzos. Segn las
estadsticas disponibles, se estableci que para obtener
una mortalidad de menores de 5 aos de un tercio de la
estimada en 1990 ser necesario que este indicador tenga
un ritmo de descenso en los aos venideros mayor al
registrado hasta el presente (CEPAL/UNICEF, 2007).
Riesgo relativo de mortalidad

en la infancia
La alta mortalidad general de las dcadas pasadas, as
como su importante reduccin, estuvo en gran parte
determinada por lo que ocurri con la mortalidad en la
niez. En el grfico 4 se presenta un indicador del riesgo
relativo de mortalidad en los primeros cinco aos de vida
respecto de la mortalidad general en pases seleccionados
de Amrica Latina. El riesgo relativo de mortalidad entre
0 y 4 aos respecto de la mortalidad general se calcul
como el producto de la tasa central de mortalidad, m(0-4),
y la esperanza de vida al nacer, e(0), lo que es equivalente
al cociente entre dicha tasa y la tasa bruta de mortalidad
correspondiente a la tabla de mortalidad (Vallin, 1996;
Chackiel, 1999). Si el indicador definido es igual a 1, los
riesgos de morir son similares para los nios menores
de 5 aos y para los mayores de esa edad; si es superior
a 1, indica que la mortalidad en la niez es superior a la
general, y lo contrario si es menor a 1.
Grfico 4
Amrica Latina (pases seleccionados):
Riesgo relativo de la mortalidad en la niez
respecto de la mortalidad general, 1950-2005
3,0
2,5
Riesgo relativo
estudios que documentan las brechas en el acceso a la

salud que todava persisten en la regin en desmedro de
la poblacin rural y de los habitantes de reas geogrficas
de difcil acceso, de la poblacin analfabeta y de menores
ingresos, as como de los pueblos originarios (CEPAL,
2005 y 2006).
Los logros en torno a la mortalidad en la infancia estn
relacionados con el desarrollo de la atencin primaria de
la salud, entre los que se cuentan la vacunacin y el uso de
la rehidratacin oral para evitar muertes por enfermedades
infecciosas y parasitarias. La masificacin de esas medidas
marca el inicio de la transicin epidemiolgica de la
regin que, como se anticip en la seccin I, consiste en la
reduccin de la importancia relativa de las enfermedades
transmisibles y del perodo perinatal respecto de las
enfermedades cardiovasculares y tumores malignos que
son ms difciles de evitar y requieren tratamientos ms
largos y costosos.
Dada la amplia preocupacin social que causa la
todava elevada mortalidad infantil y en la niez en
Amrica Latina y otras regiones del mundo, la Conferencia
Internacional sobre la Poblacin y el Desarrollo de 1994
ha fijado metas que deberan cumplirse al inicio del
siglo XXI y para el ao 2015 (Naciones Unidas, 2005).
Estas metas establecieron para el ao 2000 reducciones
de la mortalidad de menores de 1 ao y menores de 5
aos de un tercio respecto de las de 1990, o el logro de
tasas mximas de 50 y 70 defunciones por 1.000 nacidos
vivos, respectivamente. A su vez, la meta para los pases
con mortalidad intermedia para el ao 2005 es reducir la
mortalidad infantil a menos de 50 defunciones por 1.000
nacidos vivos y la de la mortalidad en la niez a menos
de 60 por 1.000. Para el ao 2015 se espera que en todos
los pases ambos indicadores sean menores a 35 y 45 por
1.000. Asimismo, la Declaracin del Milenio ha fijado
como objetivo para el ao 2015 una disminucin de la
mortalidad hasta los 5 aos de dos tercios de los valores
de 1990 (www.un.org/millenniumgoals/index.html).
Una evaluacin de lo sucedido con las metas del la
Conferencia Internacional sobre la Poblacin y el Desarrollo
con respecto a la mortalidad infantil en la dcada de 1990
muestra resultados ambiguos, ya que 14 de los 20 pases
alcanzaron la meta, aunque entre ellos se incluyeron seis
que estuvieron a menos de un punto de lograrla (vase el
cuadro 2). Hait y Bolivia, pases de alta mortalidad, son
los nicos que no han alcanzado la tasa mxima aceptable
de 50 defunciones por 1.000 nacidos vivos, mientras
que se destacan por haber logrado la meta los pases de
ms baja mortalidad, que llegaron a tasas de mortalidad
infantil inferiores a 11 defunciones por 1.000 nacidos
vivos. Una situacin similar se observa en el anlisis del
cumplimiento de las metas de la probabilidad de morir
antes de los 5 aos (vase el cuadro 2).
Mortality
2,0
1,5
1,0
0,5
0,0
1950- 1955- 1960- 1965- 19701955 1960 1965 1970 1975
Guatemala
Brasil
19751980
1980- 1985- 1990- 1995- 20001985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Mxico
Chile
Uruguay

revisin 2007.
Mortalidad
Cuadro 2
TASA DE MORTALIDAD INFANTIL, PROBABILIDAD DE MORIR ANTES DE LOS 5 AOS Y METAS DE LA CONFERENCIA INTERNACIONAL
SOBRE LA POBLACIN Y EL DESARROLLO DE 1994
Mortalidad infantil
Probabilidad de morir antes de los 5 aos
Pas y nivel de mortalidada
1990b
2000b
meta 2000
1990b
2000b
Amrica Latina
Alta (menos de 69 aos)
Hait
Bolivia
Media (69-71,9 aos)
Guatemala
Per
El Salvador
Paraguay
Nicaragua
Honduras
Brasil
Repblica Dominicana
Media baja (72-74,9 aos)
Colombia
Ecuador
Argentina
Baja (75 aos y ms)
Panam
Mxico
Uruguay
Cuba
Chile
Costa Rica
43
29
29
93
83
63
61
50c
50c
136
113
100
78
70c
70c
61
58
47
45
57
48
47
55
42
35
29
37
30
33
31
38
41
39
31
30
38
32
32
37
85
85
64
56
76
67
60
63
53
49
38
47
38
47
38
42
57
56
43
37
51
55
40
42
31
25
50
26
22
20
29
18
21
17
33
17
43
31
65
30
31
30
36
21
29
21
44
20
28
36
21
16
16
16
22
24
15
8
10
11
19
24
14
10
11
11
36
44
25
19
19
19
29
29
18
10
12
13
24
30
16
13
13
12
meta 2000
a Nivel
de mortalidad sobre la base de la esperanza de vida al nacer para el ao 2005.

indicadores de mortalidad para estos aos se calcularon como promedios de los quinquenios adyacentes.
metas para los pases de alta mortalidad son de 50 defunciones por 1.000 nacidos vivos para la tasa de mortalidad infantil y de 70 defunciones por 1.000 nacidos vivos
para la probabilidad de morir antes de 5 aos.
b Los
c Las
El comportamiento del riesgo relativo indica que

el peso de la mortalidad temprana est generalmente
asociado a una mortalidad alta. A mediados del siglo
XX, en los pases de alta mortalidad el riesgo relativo
era superior a 2 y en casos como el de Guatemala era de
2,7, es decir que la mortalidad en la niez casi triplicaba
la mortalidad general del pas. Ello significa que en esas
condiciones exista una marcada sobremortalidad de nios
con relacin a los adultos. Cabe sealar que en este grupo
estaban varios pases que hoy tienen una esperanza de
vida al nacer de ms de 75 aos, como Chile y Mxico.
Asimismo, en el quinquenio 2000-2005, la relacin muestra
un comportamiento inverso, pues tiene un valor menor
a 1 en todo los casos (aproximadamente entre 0,2 y 0,5).
El valor 1 se alcanza cuando en los pases se logra una
esperanza de vida aproximada de 65 aos, por lo tanto,
salvo en Uruguay, que en todos esos aos present un
riesgo relativo menor a 1, en los dems pases se llega a
ese valor durante el perodo analizado.
Como caba esperar, los pases que tuvieron un mayor
aumento de la esperanza de vida al nacer son aquellos en
los que ms ha cambiado el riesgo relativo de morir en

la niez, ya que este habra descendido ms de un 90%
en 50 aos. Ese resultado significa que los pases que
muestran una muy baja mortalidad y que ya han reducido
considerablemente la mortalidad en la niez tendrn que
alcanzar logros principalmente en las edades adultas para
continuar aumentando su esperanza de vida.
Este comportamiento diferencial de la mortalidad en la
niez y la mortalidad adulta se refleja en las tendencias de
la esperanza de vida al nacer e(0) y de la esperanza de
vida a los 5 aos de edad e(5). En las etapas iniciales
de la transicin de la mortalidad, cuando el riesgo de
morir en la infancia es muy alto, la expectativa de vida
al nacer es ms baja que a los 5 aos (vase el cuadro
3). Es decir, luego de sobrevivir los primeros 5 aos ms
riesgosos de la vida, se tendra una probabilidad de vivir
un nmero mayor de aos.
Se observa que a mediados del siglo pasado Guatemala
tena una e(5) de 51 aos, casi 10 aos mayor a la e(0)
(42 aos), lo que significa que los que sobrevivan los
primeros aos tendran, en parte por seleccin natural, una
15
Mortality
Cuadro 3
AMRICA LATINA (PASES SELECCIONADOS): EVOLUCIN DE LA ESPERANZA DE VIDA AL NACER e(0) Y DE LA ESPERANZA DE
VIDA A LOS 5 AOS e(5), 1950-2005
Perodo
Guatemala
Mxico
Uruguay
e(0)
e(5)
e(0)-e(5)
e(0)
e(5)
e(0)-e(5)
e(0)
e(5)
e(0)-e(5)
1950-1955
1955-1960
1960-1965
1965-1970
1970-1975
1975-1980
1980-1985
1985-1990
1990-1995
1995-2000
2000-2005
42,0
44,2
47,0
50,1
53,9
56,2
58,3
60,9
63,6
66,3
68,9
51,3
52,8
54,9
56,9
59,2
60,1
60,9
62,3
63,6
65,4
67,4
-9,2
-8,6
-7,9
-6,8
-5,3
-4,0
-2,6
-1,4
0,0
0,9
1,5
50,7
55,3
58,4
60,3
62,6
65,3
67,7
69,8
71,8
73,6
74,8
57,6
60,5
62,4
63,2
64,3
65,4
66,8
68,3
69,7
71,1
71,7
-6,9
-5,2
-3,9
-3,0
-1,7
-0,1
0,9
1,5
2,0
2,5
3,1
66,3
67,2
68,4
68,6
68,8
69,6
71,0
72,1
73,0
74,1
75,2
65,8
66,4
67,3
67,4
67,5
68,1
68,7
69,0
69,7
70,5
71,5
0,5
0,8
1,2
1,2
1,3
1,6
2,3
3,1
3,3
3,6
3,7
Aumento
26,9
16,1
24,1
14,2
8,9
5,7
expectativa de vida muy superior a la de los recin nacidos.

En aquel entonces, como se observa en el cuadro 3, otros
pases de la regin, como Mxico, con una mortalidad
ms baja que la de Guatemala, pero relativamente alta,
con una e(0) de entre 50 y 60 aos, mostraban todava
entre 4 y 7 aos de superioridad de la e(5). El nico pas
que en el perodo 1950-1955 ya tena una leve ventaja en
favor de la e(0) era Uruguay, cuya mortalidad descendi
con anterioridad a la de otros pases de la regin (e(0) y
e(5) de aproximadamente 66 aos).
La tendencia en el tiempo a medida que disminuye
la mortalidad en la infancia, es a que ambas esperanzas
de vida se acerquen e, incluso, como cabe esperar, que
la relacin se invierta. En general, el punto de corte se
produce cuando se alcanza una e(0) aproximada de 65
aos, por ello en el caso de Uruguay esto ocurre antes
del perodo analizado y en el caso de Guatemala con
posterioridad. En este sentido, en la actualidad los pases
que han reducido en forma importante la mortalidad ya

tienen una e(0) entre 3 y 4 aos superior a la e(5). Dado
que la mortalidad en edades tempranas es la que marca
principalmente la tendencia del descenso de la mortalidad,
las diferencias entre pases son menos notorias en la e(5)
que en la e(0). Al comparar los extremos, mientras Costa
Rica tiene una e(0) un 30% ms alta que la de Hait, su
e(5) es un 23% ms elevada. En aos recientes se observa,
al menos en los pases de mortalidad baja y moderada,
que la e(5) muestra aumentos cada vez menores, pero
similares a los observados en la e(0).
Como consecuencia, se confirma que en la actualidad,
en muchos pases de la regin el desafo para la obtencin
de mayores logros consiste en reducir la mortalidad de los
adultos, aunque an hay un numeroso grupo de pases y
sectores en que persisten altas tasas de mortalidad infantil
y en la niez.
III. Mortalidad por sexo y edades

El patrn de las tasas de mortalidad por edades tiene para
Amrica Latina el comportamiento esperado en forma de
U cuando se trata de una mortalidad alta y adquiere una
forma de J en la medida que la mortalidad desciende.7
Ello responde, tal como se analiz anteriormente, a una
16
tendencia de reduccin mayor de la mortalidad en la infancia

en una primera fase de la transicin de la mortalidad.
En el cuadro 4 esto se observa en pases seleccionados
segn diversos niveles y tendencias de la mortalidad.8 Por
ejemplo, el patrn de mortalidad por edades de Guatemala
Se refiere a las tasas de mortalidad por edades calculada a partir de la tabla de mortalidad y que se simboliza como m(x, x+n) para el intervalo de
edades exactas (x, x+n). Representa al cociente de las defunciones entre x y x+n aos y la poblacin del mismo grupo (expresado por 10.000);
la forma de U alude al grfico de las tasas por edades, que muestra para pases de baja esperanza de vida al nacer una mortalidad alta en los
extremos de la vida y baja en las edades centrales.
Para el anlisis se consideraron las tasas de mortalidad por edad y sexo en los perodos 1950-1955, 1975-1980 y 2000-2005. Los pases fueron
seleccionados, en parte, teniendo en cuenta que los datos permitieran realizar los anlisis correspondientes, aunque en algunos aspectos su
informacin no es totalmente confiable.
de hace 50 aos corresponde a tasas elevadas, tanto para

nios como para adultos mayores, mientras el mnimo
comprende los grupos de edades de 5 a 14 aos y, en
menor medida, de 15 a 44 aos. Asimismo, la estructura
de las tasas de mortalidad por edades de Chile, que es
un pas de baja mortalidad, muestra un comportamiento
similar en aos recientes, pero con una mortalidad en la
infancia relativamente ms baja. En los grficos 5A y 5B
se presenta el comportamiento de las tasas por edades
y sexo de ambos pases.9 En general, la experiencia de
Mortalidad
los otros pases seleccionados se ubica en una posicin

intermedia entre las dos consideradas.
Salvo algunas excepciones, la reduccin de la
mortalidad en los perodos de 25 aos considerados,
muestra una relacin inversa con la edad (vase el
cuadro 5), es decir que a medida que se considera un
grupo de edades mayor, menor es el porcentaje de
reduccin. Las reducciones de la mortalidad en los grupos
de 0 a 4 aos y de 5 a 14 aos son, en general, similares,
siendo en el primer perodo levemente superiores en el
Cuadro 4
AMRICA LATINA (PASES SELECCIONADOS): TASAS DE MORTALIDAD POR SEXO Y EDAD (POR 10.000 PERSONAS),
PERODOS 1950-1955, 1975-1980, 2000-2005a
Sexo y edad (en aos)
Guatemala
Brasil
Mxico
Argentina
Chile
660,5
68,2
86,9
240,6
879,4
484,2
28,4
66,5
202,2
821,8
482,0
32,4
70,1
199,8
819,0
188,8
11,2
34,6
186,8
826,8
375,7
18,7
55,2
203,1
850,4
617,2
70,0
95,0
225,0
845,6
401,1
24,1
57,3
179,9
789,9
429,1
31,1
55,1
157,8
770,0
170,6
9,5
28,1
114,4
691,3
339,7
16,4
46,5
149,3
730,9
323,4
27,5
61,2
176,9
754,0
277,5
15,8
40,7
141,0
701,9
175,1
11,4
45,6
148,6
676,6
104,9
6,1
24,6
156,4
787,5
120,9
6,9
34,4
163,8
757,5
305,6
27,0
43,0
135,2
714,6
190,6
10,9
31,3
120,7
670,8
139,7
8,6
22,9
99,4
615,2
87,8
4,3
14,9
74,5
627,3
100,7
4,9
17,3
93,9
637,5
114,5
8,6
51,6
110,2
618,1
78,6
4,9
38,4
136,4
631,9
56,4
5,0
22,6
88,9
593,3
40,2
3,4
19,8
116,4
699,2
22,0
2,4
15,9
83,6
598,6
88,0
6,6
21,4
74,3
568,1
59,7
3,4
14,5
81,5
546,8
44,7
2,8
8,3
60,3
543,9
31,0
2,4
9,2
57,5
536,6
17,3
1,8
6,0
46,1
502,2
1950-1955
Hombres
0-4
5-14
15-44
45-64
65 y ms
Mujeres
0-4
5-14
15-44
45-64
65 y ms
1975-1980
Hombres
0-4
5-14
15-44
45-64
65 y ms
Mujeres
0-4
5-14
15-44
45-64
65 y ms
2000-2005
Hombres
0-4
5-14
15-44
45-64
65 y ms
Mujeres
0-4
5-14
15-44
45-64
65 y ms
Fuente: Centro Latinoamericano y Caribeo de Demografa (CELADE) - Divisin de Poblacin de la CEPAL, estimaciones y proyecciones de poblacin revisin 2007.
a Se
refiere a las tasas de mortalidad de la tabla de mortalidad para los perodos respectivos.
Se grafica el logaritmo de las tasas de mortalidad para apreciar mejor los diferenciales existentes, aunque ello atena, en parte, el comportamiento
en forma de U y J que tendra la funcin m(x, x+n).
17
10
18
es ms rpido que el observado en la poblacin expuesta

al riesgo de morir, sera un indicador de que el factor ms
importante ha sido la marcada disminucin de las tasas
de mortalidad en edades tempranas como efecto de la
transicin epidemiolgica (Chackiel, 2004).
Una expresin sinttica de la evolucin de la
transicin epidemiolgica es el cociente entre las muertes
de menores de 15 aos y las de personas de 65 aos y
ms.10 La variacin extrema de este ndice en los pases
seleccionados incluidos en el cuadro 7 va de un valor
de 7,22 en Guatemala a mediados del siglo pasado a
uno de 0,07 en Uruguay en el quinquenio 2000-2005.
Grfico 5
A) CHILE: TASAS DE MORTALIDAD POR SEXO
Y GRUPOS DE EDAD, 1950-1955 Y 2000-2005
1
En m(x)
0,1
0,01
0,001
os
a
os
a
75
-7
9
-6
-5
65
55
45
35
os
os
os
-4
-3
-2
os
os
a
25
15
-1
9
5-
01
os
os
0,0001
Hombres 1950-1955
Hombres 2000-2005
Mujeres 1950-1955
Mujeres 2000-2005
B) GUATEMALA: TASAS DE MORTALIDAD POR SEXO

Y GRUPOS DE EDAD, 1950-1955 Y 2000-2005
1
En m(x)
0,1
0,01
0,001
os
os
75
-7
9
9
-6
65
9
-5
55
os
os
a
os
-4
45
os
-3
35
25
-2
os
a
os
15
-1
9
9
5-
os
0,0001
01
grupo de 5 a 14 aos, mientras que lo contrario sucede

en el segundo perodo. De los pases seleccionados, en el
primer cuarto de siglo examinado los que ms han reducido
sus tasas son Chile y Mxico y en los ltimos 25 aos
esa situacin se present en mayor medida en Chile. De
todas maneras, los pases con mayor mortalidad, como
Guatemala y Brasil, muestran reducciones ms intensas
en el segundo perodo, lo que representa un importante
avance, aunque mantienen todava tasas notoriamente
ms altas en todas las edades, salvo en el grupo de 65 y
ms aos de edad. Argentina, al igual que Uruguay, por
tener una mortalidad relativamente baja con anterioridad a
los otros pases, muestra tasas con mejoras relativamente
menores, sobre todo entre 1950-1955 y 1975-1980.
Con relacin al diferencial por sexo de las tasas
de mortalidad, los datos reflejan lo ya mencionado con
respecto a la mortalidad general, es decir que existe una
sobremortalidad masculina (vase el cuadro 4) en todas
las edades. La nica excepcin se da en Guatemala en el
grupo de 5 a 44 aos, lo que refleja un hecho ya conocido
en situaciones de alta mortalidad: la incidencia de causas
propias del sexo femenino, como las relacionadas con
el embarazo y el parto, adems de las enfermedades
transmisibles, como la tuberculosis que han afectado ms
a las mujeres (Naciones Unidas, 1963). Cabe destacar
que la sobremortalidad de hombres hasta el presente ha
mostrado una tendencia creciente y se da en mayor medida
en el grupo de edad de 15 a 44 aos debido al mayor
control de las causas mencionadas y a posibles aumentos
de defunciones masculinas por causas externas.
Una de las manifestaciones de la transicin
epidemiolgica es el marcado envejecimiento que se
observa en la estructura por edades de las defunciones
como consecuencia de los mayores logros para evitar las
muertes en edades tempranas, asociadas a enfermedades
transmisibles, as como del envejecimiento de la poblacin,
que responde mayormente a la reduccin de la natalidad.
El cambio mencionado en la distribucin relativa por
edades de las defunciones puede verse en el cuadro 7, en
que se presenta el porcentaje de las muertes por grandes
grupos de edades. Puede verificarse que en Guatemala,
que en 1950-1955 tena una esperanza de vida al nacer
de 42 aos, el porcentaje mayor de defunciones se
produca antes de los 15 aos (65%), mientras la mitad
de las defunciones de Uruguay (con una e(0) de 66 aos)
ocurran en el grupo de 65 aos y ms. Este ltimo pas,
que en la actualidad tiene una e(0) de ms de 75 aos,
registra ms de un 70% de las muertes en el grupo de
adultos mayores. Este envejecimiento de las muertes, que
Mortality
Hombres 1950-1955
Hombres 2000-2005
Mujeres 1950-1955
Mujeres 2000-2005
Fuente: Centro Latinoamericano y Caribeo de Demografa (CELADE) - Divisin

revisin 2007.
Este indicador est asociado al cociente de perfil de la mortalidad (CPM) que propone Frenk et al (1994), es decir el cociente entre defunciones
por causas transmisibles y derivadas del perodo perinatal y defunciones por enfermedades crnicas y degenerativas.
Otra forma de mostrar la importancia del cambio en los

perfiles de mortalidad por edad y sus causas es analizar
el comportamiento del promedio regional. En este caso,
el cociente pas de un valor de 3 en 1950-1955 a 1/3 en
2000-2005, invirtindose en medio siglo la predominancia
de las causas de muerte asociadas a la infancia respecto
de las relacionadas con los adultos mayores.
Mortalidad en la niez (0 a 4 y 5 a 14 aos)
Los resultados de la tasa de mortalidad del grupo de edades
de 0 a 4 aos coinciden con lo analizado en la seccin
II. Se confirman las elevadas tasas que prevalecan hace
50 aos y las importantes diferencias que existan entre
pases, lo que en el cuadro 4 se refleja en la comparacin
entre Argentina, con una tasa de 189 defunciones por
10.000 habitantes, y Guatemala, con una tasa de 661
por 10.000 habitantes, es decir 3,5 veces ms elevada.
Tambin se observa que en estas edades se presentan,
en general, importantes reducciones de las tasas de
mortalidad (vase el cuadro 5), siendo Chile un caso de
rpida evolucin, ya que pas en 50 aos de ser un pas
de alta mortalidad a encabezar, junto con Costa Rica y
Cuba, la categora de pases con baja mortalidad. En
Chile, la tasa de mortalidad en la infancia se redujo en
Mortalidad
torno al 70% en el primer perodo y en ms del 80% en

el segundo. Como se seal, hay una menor reduccin
en los pases de alta mortalidad, como Guatemala, y en
los de transicin temprana, como Argentina.
Respecto de la mortalidad por sexo, en los casos
seleccionados hay una sobremortalidad masculina que
aumenta en relacin inversa con la disminucin de
la mortalidad. De este modo, en Guatemala, desde el
quinquenio 1975-1980, el diferencial por sexo se ha
incrementado a favor de las mujeres, de aproximadamente
105 muertes de hombres por 100 de mujeres, a valores
recientes de alrededor de 130 defunciones masculinas por
100 femeninas, un ndice similar al de los dems pases
seleccionados (vase el cuadro 6).
La mortalidad en el grupo de edad de 5 a 14 aos es
en todos los casos la ms baja, aunque las diferencias entre
pases y en el tiempo son muy marcadas. Al inicio de la
dcada de 1950, la tasa de mortalidad de este grupo en
Guatemala era 69 por 10.000 personas, siete veces superior
a la de Argentina (10 por 10.000) y 35 veces mayor a la
de Chile a comienzos de este siglo (aproximadamente 2
por 10.000) (vase el cuadro 4). Llaman la atencin los
logros alcanzados en la reduccin de las tasas de este
grupo, considerando que son las ms bajas y que ocurren
Cuadro 5
AMRICA LATINA (PASES SELECCIONADOS): PORCENTAJE DE REDUCCIN DE LAS TASAS DE MORTALIDAD POR EDADES.
1950-1955 A 1975-1980 Y 1975-1980 A 2000-2005
Sexo y edad (en aos)
Guatemala
Brasil
Mxico
Argentina
Chile
1950-1955 a 1975-1980
Hombres
0-4
51,0
42,7
63,7
44,5
5-14
59,7
44,4
64,8
45,7
15-44
29,6
38,8
34,9
29,0
45-64
26,5
30,3
25,7
16,3
65 y ms
14,3
14,6
17,4
4,8
Mujeres
0-4
50,5
52,5
67,4
48,5
5-14
61,5
54,7
72,3
55,3
15-44
54,7
45,4
58,5
46,8
45-64
39,9
32,9
37,0
34,9
65 y ms
15,5
15,1
20,1
9,3
67,8
63,3
37,7
19,3
10,9
70,4
70,3
62,8
37,1
12,8
1975-1980 a 2000-2005
Hombres
0-4
64,6
71,7
67,8
61,7
5-14
68,8
69,2
56,4
44,7
15-44
15,6
5,6
50,4
19,4
45-64
37,7
3,3
40,1
25,6
65 y ms
18,0
10,0
12,3
11,2
Mujeres
0-4
71,2
68,7
68,0
64,7
5-14
75,6
68,8
67,1
44,5
15-44
50,4
53,8
63,9
38,4
45-64
45,0
32,5
39,3
22,8
65 y ms
20,5
18,5
11,6
14,5
81,8
64,5
53,8
48,9
21,0
82,8
62,6
65,4
50,9
21,2
19
en pases que ya han alcanzado una elevada esperanza de

vida al nacer. En los pases seleccionados, en el ltimo
cuarto de siglo estas tasas se reducen entre el 60% y el
75%, salvo en Argentina en que llegan a aproximadamente
un 45%. En relacin con la diferencia de la mortalidad
por sexo, como se mencion antes, la nica excepcin
a la sobremortalidad masculina es el caso de Guatemala
en el primer quinquenio en estudio, situacin que puede
estar vinculada con la alta mortalidad que primaba en
ese pas.
El aumento de la sobrevivencia de nios se debe
principalmente a los buenos resultados en el combate de
enfermedades transmisibles y, en menor medida, de las
afecciones originadas en el perodo perinatal. Cuando el
nivel de mortalidad era alto, hace 50 aos en Costa Rica
y Chile, o en Guatemala aun en la actualidad, la primera
causa de muerte en estas edades eran las enfermedades
transmisibles y, en segundo lugar, las afecciones del
perodo perinatal; sin embargo, aunque el descenso de
la mortalidad por estas causas es muy importante, siguen
siendo las principales, aunque se invierte el orden de
prevalencia. Como consecuencia de ello, las muertes
de nios en aos recientes se deben principalmente a
las condiciones originadas en el perodo perinatal, ya
que permanecen ciertas afecciones de origen endgeno
respecto de las que es ms difcil evitar un desenlace fatal
(Chackiel, 1999).
Mortalidad de los adultos
(15 a 44 y 45 a 64 aos)
A partir de los 15 aos el comportamiento general es que
las tasas de mortalidad aumentan progresivamente con la
edad y su reduccin, salvo excepciones, se hace menor
a medida que se avanza en la edad. En este sentido, las
tasas de mortalidad de adultos ms bajas corresponden
al grupo de 15 a 44 aos, y en el perodo ms reciente
analizado flucta entre 16 por 10.000 personas (Chile)
y 52 por 10.000 (Guatemala) para hombres y de 6 por
10.000 a 21 por 10.000 para mujeres, respectivamente
(vase el cuadro 4). En este grupo de edades se observa
que las disminuciones de las tasas de mortalidad son, en
general, importantes, sobre todo en el sexo femenino, en
que los porcentajes de reduccin varan entre el 40% y el
65% en ambos perodos analizados (vase el cuadro 5).
Los pases que muestran una tendencia ms pronunciada
a reducir la mortalidad en los ltimos aos son los de
transicin reciente y rpida, representados en el cuadro
por Chile y Mxico; en Chile las tasas de mortalidad son
inferiores a las de Argentina que, como se indic, inici
la transicin antes de 1950. Brasil, en el perodo ms
reciente muestra aumentos muy bajos de esta tasa en los
11
20
Mortality
hombres, lo que puede resultar de una elevada mortalidad

por causas externas relacionadas con defunciones por
violencia (entre ellas homicidios y suicidios).
Asimismo, la mortalidad de hombres es superior a
la de mujeres y la diferencia se incrementa con el tiempo
(vase el cuadro 6). En algunos casos, la sobremortalidad
masculina duplica con creces la femenina, siendo este el
tramo de edades en que en la actualidad se encuentran
las mayores diferencias de mortalidad por sexo. En los
casos analizados, solo Guatemala presenta una leve
sobremortalidad femenina en 1950-1955, que probablemente
se deba a la mayor incidencia de defunciones por causas
de enfermedades transmisibles y tambin por causas
relacionadas con las complicaciones del embarazo y el
parto. Aunque esta puede ser la explicacin, no se descarta
la posibilidad de que haya problemas relacionados con
la informacin bsica.
La caracterstica principal de la mortalidad en
este grupo de edades, en trminos de las causas que la
determinan, es la marcada presencia de causas externas
en los hombres, que incluyen muertes por violencia y
traumatismos. Entre ellas, las ms importantes son los
accidentes de trnsito, suicidios, homicidios y, en varios
pases, accidentes por inmersin y ahogamientos. La
mortalidad masculina por causas externas es netamente
superior a la mortalidad por otras causas, lo que explica
que en este grupo se d la mayor sobremortalidad de
hombres (Chackiel, 1999 y 2004).
Respecto de los adultos jvenes es frecuente
encontrar irregularidades en los datos principalmente
relacionados con los hombres, que pueden presentarse
como aumentos de mortalidad no previstos. Muchas de
estas irregularidades pueden deberse a hechos reales de
enfermedades emergentes o rebrotes de epidemias de
enfermedades que se consideraban superadas. Entre las
primeras, se encuentra el VIH/SIDA, que por su magnitud
y sus efectos constituye una importante preocupacin
social. En cuanto a las enfermedades que se consideraban
extinguidas, en los ltimos aos en diversos pases se
observaron rebrotes de clera, hantavirus, malaria, mal
de chagas, dengue y tuberculosis, aunque no siempre con
resultados de alta mortandad. Tambin se han presentado
aumentos de mortalidad debidos a causas externas,
entre las que se cuenta la violencia por crisis polticas o
sociales, que pueden causar muchas muertes, sobre todo
masculinas. En esos casos se pueden presentar perodos
de entrecruzamiento de las tasas de mortalidad por grupos
de edades, como en El Salvador en los aos 1975 a 1990
(vase el grfico 6), lo que produjo en ese entonces una
esperanza de vida al nacer femenina 10 aos mayor a
la masculina.11 Otro caso es el de Argentina, donde los
La esperanza de vida de mujeres y hombres en el perodo 1980-1985 fueron estimadas en 63,8 y 50,8 aos, respectivamente.
Mortalidad
Cuadro 6
AMRICA LATINA (PASES SELECCIONADOS): MASCULINIDAD DE LAS TASAS DE MORTALIDAD POR EDAD (POR 100),
PERODOS 1950-1955, 1975-1980, 2000-2005a
Edad (en aos)
Guatemala
Brasil
Mxico
Argentina
Chile
107,0
97,4
91,5
107,0
104,0
120,7
117,9
116,0
112,4
104,0
112,3
104,2
127,3
126,6
106,4
110,7
117,5
123,1
163,3
119,6
110,6
114,1
118,8
136,0
116,3
105,8
101,8
142,1
130,9
105,5
145,6
144,7
130,0
116,9
104,6
125,3
132,4
199,5
149,5
110,0
119,4
142,5
164,4
209,9
125,5
120,1
141,4
199,3
174,5
118,8
130,1
130,3
241,7
148,3
108,8
131,5
143,2
265,7
167,4
115,5
126,3
175,5
274,2
147,5
109,1
129,5
141,9
214,9
202,4
130,3
127,3
134,2
266,2
181,4
119,2
1950-1955
0-4
5-14
15-44
45-64
65 y ms
1975-1980
0-4
5-14
15-44
45-64
65 y ms
2000-2005
0-4
5-14
15-44
45-64
65 y ms
entre las tasas de mortalidad de hombres y de mujeres.
adicional que existe para obtener buenas estimaciones

de la mortalidad materna, porque muchos de los decesos
estn vinculados a abortos clandestinos. Aun as, con
la informacin existente se ha podido establecer que
las tasas de mortalidad materna de algunos pases de
la regin son decenas de veces superiores a las de los
pases desarrollados (Rajs, 1996). Si bien esta causa de
muerte no tiene un peso decisivo en la tasa de mortalidad
total y es de las que ms se ha reducido gracias a los
Grfico 6
EL SALVADOR: TASAS DE MORTALIDAD DE HOMBRES,
POR EDADES, 1950-2005
1950-1955
1,0000
1955-1960
1960-1965
0,1000
1965-1970
1970-1975
0,0100
1975-1980
0,0010
1980-1985
1985-1990
0,0001
os
os
a
75
os
a
65
os
a
55
os
a
45
os
os
25
35
a
15
os
os
1990-1995
datos muestran que en el intervalo de edades de 25 a

40 aos las tasas de mortalidad de los aos recientes
son levemente mayores a la que se observaban en el
quinquenio 1990-1995. Algo similar sucede en el caso de
Brasil en las dcadas de 1980 y 1990. Esta circunstancia
es la que explicara el bajo porcentaje de disminucin
de las tasas de mortalidad del grupo de 15 a 44 aos en
estos dos pases entre 1975-1980 y 2000-2005 (vase
el cuadro 5). Si bien se toma el descenso de las tasas de
mortalidad en todas las edades como un comportamiento
esperado, debe tenerse en cuenta que este hecho puede
responder a la realidad, principalmente en los grupos de
edades de adultos jvenes, aunque no hay que descartar la
posibilidad de que tales traslapos obedezcan a problemas
de informacin.
En el caso de las mujeres, las causas ms importantes
de muerte son los neoplasmas y las enfermedades del
aparato circulatorio, seguidas por las causas externas.
Las reducciones mayores se observan en las defunciones
debidas a enfermedades transmisibles, que son elevadas
cuando el nivel de mortalidad es alto, y luego a las del
aparato circulatorio. En general, la mortalidad por causas
externas en ambos sexos muestra una tendencia al aumento
sostenido, aunque es notoriamente mayor en los hombres
(Chackiel, 1999).
En este grupo de edades ocurren las muertes por
complicaciones del embarazo, parto y puerperio que
afectan a las mujeres. Cabe considerar la dificultad
ln m(x)
a Cociente
1995-2000
2000-2005

revisin 2007.
21
programas de atencin maternoinfantil, se la ha tomado

como un indicador importante de la situacin de salud, por
considerarse que es totalmente evitable si los embarazos
se desarrollan en buenas condiciones.
En el grupo de 45 a 64 aos, en Guatemala se observan
tasas superiores a las de los dems pases, aunque todos
tienen una alta mortalidad en el perodo 1950-1955,
principalmente en el caso de los hombres (vase el
cuadro 4). La tendencia en los ltimos aos muestra una
cierta convergencia entre los pases de baja mortalidad,
sobre todo en el caso de las mujeres. La estimacin ms
reciente respecto de los hombres muestra que an persisten
diferencias importantes: Chile y Mxico (alrededor de 85
por 10.000 personas, logran tasas notoriamente inferiores
al resto (entre 110 y 136 por 10.000). Cabe destacar que
Guatemala (110 por 10.000) muestra una tasa menor que
la de Argentina (116 por 10.000), hecho que se retomar
al analizar la mortalidad de los adultos mayores. Los
porcentajes de reduccin son muy heterogneos entre
pases y a lo largo del tiempo. Se observa que en los pases
de transicin temprana, como Argentina, hay reducciones
moderadas; en Chile, que representa a los pases de baja
mortalidad con transicin reciente y rpida, se obtienen
mejoras importantes, sobre todo en el perodo ms
reciente (vase el cuadro 5); en Brasil, tambin en este
grupo de edades, hay una muy baja reduccin de las tasas
correspondientes a los hombres, lo que probablemente se
vincula con la alta mortalidad por causas externas. Luego
del grupo de los adultos jvenes (15 a 44 aos), es en este
Mortality
tramo de edades que se observa una alta sobremortalidad

masculina en aumento (vase el cuadro 6), siendo las
tasas correspondientes a los hombres entre 1,7 y 2 veces
superiores a las de las mujeres.
En los pases de baja y moderada mortalidad, la
causa de muerte ms importante de este grupo de edades
corresponde, en el caso de los hombres, a las enfermedades
del aparato circulatorio, seguidas por los neoplasmas y,
en el de las mujeres, en varios pases ocurre lo contrario.
En Chile y Mxico, a comienzos de los aos sesenta,
todava haba una cierta predominancia de defunciones
producidas por enfermedades infecciosas y parasitarias,
lo que constituye una caracterstica de los pases de alta
mortalidad como Guatemala. Esta situacin conduce a que
en este ltimo pas el peso relativo de la mortalidad por
enfermedades cardiovasculares y cncer sea notoriamente
inferior al de los otros pases (Chackiel, 1999). En este
estudio se muestra que las causas de muerte que ms
se han reducido son las enfermedades transmisibles,
mientras que la tendencia relativa a las otras causas
importantes de muerte en estas edades, (neoplasmas y
enfermedades cardiovasculares) es ms heterognea. La
mejora de las tasas de mortalidad de las mujeres, tanto
por enfermedades que tienden a desaparecer, como por
enfermedades transmisibles y las que se benefician de
los nuevos adelantos de la medicina, como los tumores
y las enfermedades cardiovasculares, se refleja en la
tendencia al aumento del diferencial por sexo de este
grupo de edades.
Cuadro 7
AMRICA LATINA (PASES SELECCIONADOS): DISTRIBUCIN RELATIVA DE LAS DEFUNCIONES POR GRUPOS DE EDAD (POR 100),
1950-1955, 1975-1980 y 2000-2005
Edad (en aos)
Amrica Latina
Guatemala
Brasil
Mxico
Uruguay
Costa Rica
54,8
28,8
16,4
100,0
3,33
64,7
26,4
9,0
100,0
7,22
56,3
29,9
13,8
100,0
4,07
58,1
26,3
15,6
100,0
3,71
14,1
31,6
54,3
100,0
0,26
48,3
26,5
25,2
100,0
1,92
40,1
31,1
28,8
100,0
1,39
55,2
29,1
15,7
100,0
3,52
42,2
32,1
25,7
100,0
1,64
40,9
32,2
26,9
100,0
1,52
10,9
28,4
60,6
100,0
0,18
24,1
28,7
47,2
100,0
0,51
14,7
38,3
47,0
100,0
0,31
32,9
36,8
30,3
100,0
1,09
13,0
44,1
42,9
100,0
0,30
14,6
34,1
51,3
100,0
0,29
4,9
21,6
73,5
100,0
0,07
8,4
31,9
59,7
100,0
0,14
1950-1955
0-14
15-64
65 y ms
Total
D(-15)/D(65 y ms)
1975-1980
0-14
15-64
65 y ms
Total
D(-15)/D(65 y ms)
2000-2005
0-14
15-64
65 y ms
Total
D(-15)/D(65 y ms)
22
La mortalidad de los adultos mayores

(65 aos y ms)
Segn varios estudios (Del Popolo, 2000; Garca, 1990;
Grushka, 1996; Dechter y Preston, 1991), la estimacin de
la mortalidad en edades avanzadas en los pases de Amrica
Latina estara subestimada como efecto de la incorrecta
declaracin de la edad de la poblacin en los censos y de las
defunciones registradas en las estadsticas vitales. El error
consistira en declarar una edad mayor a la real en el caso
de los adultos mayores, lo que conducira a estimaciones
sesgadas al intentar conciliar la informacin histrica de
censos y registros. La sospecha surge de las bajas tasas
de mortalidad observadas a partir de los datos reales, si
se compara con la situacin de pases desarrollados. Las
tasas que sirvieron de base para la elaboracin de tablas
de mortalidad en general toman en consideracin estos
problemas, por lo que han sido ajustadas en funcin de
la coherencia de los datos en el proceso de preparacin
de las estimaciones y proyecciones de poblacin. Sin
embargo, cabe mencionar que an es necesario investigar
ms para aclarar si el patrn de mortalidad observado de
los adultos mayores es producto de errores en los datos
o de un comportamiento especial correspondiente a la
regin, quizs como efecto de un proceso de seleccin
natural, o una combinacin de ambas cosas. De todas
maneras, los problemas de informacin constituyen la
explicacin habitual de ciertos comportamientos atpicos
en la comparacin de la tendencia de la mortalidad de los
adultos mayores situados en pases que estn en distintas
etapas de la transicin epidemiolgica y demogrfica.
Segn los datos del cuadro 4, las tasas del grupo de 65
aos y ms son muy parecidas entre los pases seleccionados,
con una leve superioridad de la tasa de Guatemala. Sin
embargo, en algunos casos esto no se cumple totalmente,
como en el de los hombres en el perodo 2000-2005, que en
Argentina muestran una tasa de mortalidad superior a la de
los dems pases, incluso Guatemala (699 y 618 por 10.000
personas, respectivamente). Los porcentajes de reduccin
de las tasas son en general moderados (vase el cuadro 5),
lo cual es lgico si se considera que los pases de Amrica
Latina presentan tasas de mortalidad relativamente bajas
en edades avanzadas. La sobremortalidad masculina en
este caso tambin es moderada (vase el cuadro 6) debido
a que la poblacin de ambos sexos se extingue en el tramo
abierto de edades.
Las tasas de mortalidad de este grupo abierto final
estn directamente vinculadas al promedio de aos de
vida a partir de los 65 aos de edad, indicador de mucha
importancia para la consideracin de los recursos destinados
a polticas y programas de salud y seguridad social. Desde
mediados del siglo pasado hasta la actualidad existe un
significativo crecimiento de este indicador (vase el cuadro
8), principalmente para el sexo femenino respecto del que
en algunos pases de transicin reciente de la mortalidad
Mortalidad
se ha ganado alrededor de seis aos de vida en las ltimas

cinco dcadas Para el perodo 2000-2005 la esperanza de
vida a los 65 aos e(65) del sexo femenino, si bien
tiene pocas variaciones, presenta un comportamiento acorde
al esperado en los pases seleccionados. De ellos, el valor
mnimo corresponde a Hait (13,1) y el mximo a Chile
(19,9). Sin embargo, en el caso de los hombres la e(65)
tiene un comportamiento errtico, ya que en Guatemala y
Brasil el valor es de aproximadamente 16 aos superior al
de Argentina y Uruguay, cuyo valor es levemente superior
a 14 aos. Como se mencion anteriormente, esta situacin
podra estar vinculada a errores en los datos bsicos o
en sus correcciones. Tambin podra explicarse por un
comportamiento especial que tiende a una baja mortalidad
en Guatemala, como producto de la seleccin natural por
la elevada mortalidad en las edades ms jvenes.
Como referencia, cabe destacar que una gran variedad
de comportamientos de la e(65) tambin existe entre los
pases desarrollados (OECD, 2005). Japn muestra los
valores mayores, 23 aos en las mujeres y 18 aos en los
hombres, mientras que los valores de Portugal son 19,1
y 15,7 aos y los de Dinamarca 18,3 y 15,4 aos, ambos
respectivamente. Estos dos ltimos valores se asemejan
a los que se observan en pases latinoamericanos de
mortalidad media y baja.
Cuadro 8
AMRICA LATINA (PASES SELECCIONADOS): ESPERANZA DE
VIDA A LOS 65 AOS DE EDAD, 1950-1955 Y 2000-2005
Pas

Hait
Guatemala
Brasil
Argentina
Uruguay
Chile
1950-1955
2000-2005
Hombres
Mujeres
Hombres
Mujeres
11,0
11,4
12,2
12,1
12,3
11,8
11,1
11,8
12,7
14,5
15,2
13,7
12,2
16,2
15,8
14,3
14,6
16,7
13,1
17,6
18,3
18,6
19,1
19,9

revisin 2007.
Entre las causas de mortalidad en los pases

seleccionados, salvo en Guatemala, se observa una
prevalencia mayor de las enfermedades cardiovasculares
y, en segundo lugar, de los neoplasmas. Existe poca
variacin en el tiempo de los diferentes grupos de causas,
observndose un mayor descenso de mortalidad por
enfermedades transmisibles. Las causas externas, que son
las que presentan mayores diferencias por sexo (superior en
hombres), muestran aumentos en varios de los pases. En
Guatemala, pas de alta mortalidad, la prevalencia mayor
corresponde a enfermedades infecciosas y parasitarias, que
muestran, sin embargo, un importante descenso, mientras
que las dems causas aumentan en el perodo analizado
(Chackiel, 1999).
23
Mortality
IV. Perspectivas futuras de la mortalidad

La mortalidad futura depende de mltiples factores que
estn vinculados, entre otras cosas, a los avances en la
medicina, el mayor acceso a la atencin sanitaria, la mejora
en las condiciones de vida y de trabajo, los cambios hacia
mejores estilos de vida y las mejoras medioambientales
globales, nacionales y domsticas. La mayor parte de
estos elementos son de difcil prediccin, por lo que
las metodologas para proyectar la mortalidad se basan
principalmente en las tendencias empricas de ciertos
indicadores, considerando los niveles de mortalidad ya
alcanzados y la trayectoria de los pases con ms baja
mortalidad en el mundo.
Como se describe en el anexo metodolgico de
esta publicacin, el instrumento fundamental utilizado
por CEPAL/CELADE y la Divisin de Poblacin de
las Naciones Unidas, son las tablas de mortalidad para
perodos quinquenales desde el quinquenio 2000-2005
hasta el quinquenio 2045-2050. La hiptesis de evolucin
futura del nivel de la mortalidad general se fija mediante
modelos que suponen aumentos cada vez menores de la
esperanza de vida al nacer, a medida que se llega a valores
altos de este indicador. Asimismo, las tasas de mortalidad
por sexo y edades provienen de interpolaciones de la tabla
de mortalidad actual y una estndar que se fija como

meta, tomando como pivotes para la interpolacin las
esperanzas de vida al nacer anteriormente fijadas. Dado
que las proyecciones se basan en la experiencia pasada y
que no se realizan predicciones sobre hechos que pueden
ser coyunturales o imprevistos, las hiptesis se monitorean
constantemente, por lo que frecuentemente se actualizan
en funcin de los nuevos datos conocidos.
En el cuadro 9 se presentan varios indicadores que
describen someramente las caractersticas esperadas de la
mortalidad de Amrica Latina y de pases seleccionados
en la primera mitad del siglo XXI. La esperanza de vida
al nacer seguir incrementndose a un ritmo menor, lo
que en trminos de aumento de aos en este medio siglo
equivaldra aproximadamente a la tercera parte de lo que
ocurri en el pasado en un perodo similar. De esta manera
la e(0) de la regin a mediados del siglo llegara a 79,6
aos y superara los 80 aos en pases que hoy estn en
el grupo de mortalidad baja. Ahora, debido a que se ha
considerado un aumento superior en pases con una e(0)
ms baja, las diferencias en las regiones se haran ms
estrechas, como puede apreciarse en los valores de Chile
(82 aos) y Hait (74 aos).
Cuadro 9
AMRICA LATINA Y PASES SELECCIONADOS: INDICADORES DE MORTALIDAD FUTURA, 2000-2050
Indicadora
Amrica Latina
Hait
Brasil
Mxico
Uruguay
Chile
72,2
6,4
17,1
25,6
0,31
58,1
3,5
12,6
56,1
1,23
71,0
7,6
17,0
27,3
0,30
74,8
4,9
17,6
20,5
0,29
75,2
7,3
16,8
14,4
0,07
77,7
6,0
18,3
8,0
0,09
77,1
6,1
18,9
12,0
0,10
67,7
4,1
15,8
30,7
0,48
76,6
7,0
19,0
12,1
0,09
79,5
4,7
19,6
8,4
0,08
79,3
6,6
19,1
7,9
0,04
80,7
6,2
19,9
4,9
0,05
79,6
6,1
20,0
7,9
0,05
74,2
4,6
18,2
17,4
0,18
79,4
7,0
20,1
7,5
0,05
81,1
4,6
20,4
5,6
0,05
81,5
6,3
20,3
4,6
0,02
82,1
6,4
20,8
4,0
0,03
2000-2005
e(0)
e(0)H-e(0)M
e(65)
q(1) (por mil)
D(-15)/D(65 aos y ms)
2025-2030
e(0)
e(0)H-e(0)M
e(65)
q(1) (por mil)
D(-15)/D(65 aos y ms)
2045-2050
e(0)
e(0)H-e(0)M
e(65)
q(1) (por mil)
D(-15)/D(65 aos y ms)
Fuente: Elaboracin propia en base a la informacin contenida en Centro Latinoamericano y Caribeo de Demografa (CELADE) - Divisin de Poblacin de la CEPAL,
estimaciones y proyecciones de poblacin revisin 2007.
a e(0)-
esperanza de vida al nacer; H hombres; M- mujeres; e(65)- esperanza de vida a los 65 aos; q(1) - tasa de mortalidad infantil; D(-15)/D(65+) - defunciones de menores
de 15 aos sobre defunciones de personas de 65 aos y ms.
24
por edades de las defunciones. Para ver los efectos que

sobre la transicin epidemiolgica tendrn las hiptesis
previstas de mortalidad, en el grfico 7 se presenta el
porcentaje de defunciones de personas de 65 aos y ms
en Amrica Latina y pases seleccionados, durante el
perodo histrico de cincuenta aos y el equivalente que
resulta de la proyeccin de la mortalidad y la poblacin.
Adems, en el cuadro 9 se resume el proceso con el ndice
aproximado de transicin epidemiolgica, mediante el
cociente entre las defunciones de menores de 15 aos y
las defunciones de personas de ms de 65 aos, tanto en
la regin como en pases seleccionados. Ambos datos
permiten observar la profundidad del cambio ocurrido
en la estructura de la mortalidad, la heterogeneidad entre
pases y los cambios que an se esperan hasta mediados
de este siglo. En el grfico se muestra que en los 50 aos
transcurridos, las muertes de personas de 65 aos y ms en
la regin pasaron del 16% al 47% y se prev que llegar
a un 76,5% en el quinquenio 2045-2050.
Grfico 7
AMRICA LATINA Y PASES SELECCIONADOS: PORCENTAJE DE
DEFUNCIONES DE ADULTOS DE 65 AOS Y MS, 1950-2050
100
90
80
Porcentaje
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
Amrica Latina
Bolivia
Hait
Chile
04
-2
40
20
20
30
-2
-2
03
5
02
20
15
20
20
20
10
-
20
00
-2
00
019
9
19
9
019
8
19
8
19
70
019
6
19
6
019
5
-1
97
5
19
5
En cuanto a la evolucin del diferencial por sexo,

las hiptesis prevn que se mantendr relativamente
estable en los casos en que alcancen un valor elevado,
de ms de 6 aos, aunque en algunos casos se plantean
ligeros aumentos o disminuciones de la ventaja femenina
(como en Chile y Uruguay). Asimismo, los pases que an
presentan un bajo diferencial por sexo y una mortalidad
relativamente elevada tienen mayor posibilidad de seguir
ampliando esta brecha.
La mortalidad infantil, el componente principal
del descenso histrico de la esperanza de vida al nacer,
continuar sindolo en los pases que todava tienen tasas
relativamente elevadas (Hait es el caso ms claro de los
pases incluidos en el cuadro 9). Dado que la hiptesis de
proyeccin conduce a aumentos en la esperanza de vida
ms importantes en este pas, la tendencia es a disminuir
la brecha con los pases de baja mortalidad. Ello explica
que en el quinquenio 2000-2005 la tasa de mortalidad
infantil de Hait (56 por 1.000 nacidos vivos) sea siete
veces ms alta que la de Chile (8 por 1.000) y al final del
perodo de la proyeccin sea cuatro veces ms elevada.
Aun as, la brecha entre estos dos pases contina siendo
importante, considerando que la tasa de mortalidad infantil
de Hait (17 por 1.000) a mitad del siglo XXI duplicara
con creces la de Chile en la actualidad.
Como se mencion en la seccin III, la informacin
sobre la mortalidad en la vejez es la que arroja ms
dudas sobre su calidad, por conducir frecuentemente a
estimaciones ms bajas de las esperadas para los niveles
de mortalidad de los pases de la regin. En este sentido,
esto influira tambin en los indicadores resultantes de
la proyeccin de su comportamiento futuro. Segn el
cuadro 9, la esperanza de vida a los 65 aos en la mayora
de los pases se acercara a los 20 aos en 2045-2050,
aproximadamente lo observado en la actualidad en Japn,
lo que supone un desfase de casi 50 aos. Se considera
oportuno destacar la importancia que tiene la realizacin
de mayores investigaciones acerca de la calidad de los
datos y los mtodos de medicin de la mortalidad para
esta poblacin, as como de los determinantes de la
tendencia futura. Debern tenerse en cuenta los posibles
avances de la medicina, el mayor acceso a los cuidados
de la salud, las condiciones de vida y los cambios de los
estilos de vida, tanto antes como despus de los 65 aos.
Dados los bajos niveles de mortalidad que afectan a los
jvenes y adultos en edades centrales, existe la expectativa
de que los mayores aumentos respecto de la duracin de
la vida se relacionen con la prolongacin de la vida de
los adultos mayores.
Estos cambios de las tasas de mortalidad segn las
edades, sumados al envejecimiento de la poblacin,
continuarn modificando los perfiles de mortalidad, lo que
puede analizarse mediante los indicadores de la estructura
Mortalidad
Cuba

revisin 2007.
La seleccin de pases en distintas etapas de la

transicin epidemiolgica y demogrfica incluidos en el
grfico 7, muestra la gran disparidad de experiencias y
los grandes rezagos que todava persisten y persistirn en
los prximos 50 aos. Como ejemplo de ello, se destaca
que mientras en Cuba en el ao 2050 el porcentaje de
muertes de personas de 65 y ms alcanzarn el 88% del
total de defunciones, en el otro extremo Hait llegar
al 57% . Ello supone un rezago entre ambos pases de
aproximadamente tres cuartos de siglo, porque en Cuba
ese porcentaje ya se haba alcanzado en el perodo 19751980. Casos as se encuentran tambin en los pases, ya
sea que se consideren las zonas geogrficas como los
estratos socioeconmicos.
25
Esta informacin, junto con el perfil epidemiolgico

derivado de las estadsticas de morbilidad y causas de
defuncin, vuelve imperativas las reformas de salud y
seguridad social de los pases de la regin. En la mayora
de ellos esto implica requerimientos en el campo de
Mortality
salud en el que coexisten todava, y lo harn al menos

en el mediano plazo, las intensas demandas de sectores
en etapas tempranas de las transiciones epidemiolgica
y demogrfica, y las de los que se encuentran en etapas
ms avanzadas de estos procesos.
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26
Garca, V. (1990), Mortalidad y caractersticas socioeconmicas

de la tercera edad: informe final del estudio experimental
efectuado en los cantones de Puriscal y Coronado, Serie
OI, N 1004, San Jos, Centro Latinoamericano y Caribeo
de Demografa (CELADE).
Grushka, C. (1996), Adult and Old Age Mortality in Latin
America: Evaluation, Adjustments and a Debate Over a
Distinct Pattern, tesis doctoral en demografa, Filadelfia,
Universidad de Pennsylvania.
Naciones Unidas (1995), Poblacin y desarrollo. Programa de
Accin de la Conferencia Internacional sobre la Poblacin
y el Desarrollo (ST/ESA/SER.A/149), vol. 1, Nueva
York.
_____ (1963), Boletn de poblacin de las Naciones Unidas,
N 6 1962 (ST/SOA/Ser. N/6), Nueva York.
OCDE (Organizacin de Cooperacin y Desarrollo Econmicos)
(2005), Health at a Glance: OECD Indicators 2005,
Pars.
Prez Brignoli, H. (1993), Amrica Latina en la transicin
demogrfica, 1800-1980, La transicin demogrfica en
Amrica Latina y el Caribe, vol.1, Mxico. D.F., Unin
Internacional para el Estudio Cientfico de la Poblacin
(UIECP)/Centro Latinoanericano y Caribeo de Demografa
(CELADE).
Rajs, D. y otros (1994), La mortalidad materna en Amrica
Latina y el Caribe, Notas de poblacin, N 60 , Santiago
de Chile, Centro Latinoamericano y Caribeo de Demografa
(CELADE).
Mortalidad
Mortality in Latin America: a favourable but

heterogeneous trend
Introduction
The measurement and analysis of mortality are of interest
to a number of disciplines and fields of action, including
health, demography, social security and social policies
as a whole. This broad interest reflects the fact that life
is the most highly prized asset for everyone, hence the
effort to avoid death and reduce as much as possible its
individual and social impact. Mortality is, moreover, an
indicator of the health situation and living conditions of
the population in a wide variety of areas. Thus, measuring
this phenomenon accurately is fully justifiable and
requires improved data collection and the preparation
of appropriate indicators. The most refined indicators
of mortality of a given population are to be found in its
life tables, of which the most synthetic element is life
expectancy, although these tables also present a series
of death and survival rates and probabilities by sex and
age.1 An important characteristic of life tables is that their
statistics are comparable across different populations
and over time.
This publication contains the set of life tables for the
countries of Latin America, prepared for the purpose of
estimating and projecting the population for a 100-year
period (consisting of a historical 50-year period and a
projection over 50 years).2 On the basis of these tables,
section I of this chapter presents an analysis of general
mortality levels and trends in Latin American countries for
1
2
the historical period. Section II examines infant mortality,

which has had a strong impact in the region, while section
III considers mortality rates by sex and age, with a separate
analysis of child, adult and older-age mortality. Lastly,
section IV presents the outlook for mortality based on
projections made by the Latin American and Caribbean
Demographic Centre (CELADE) Population Division
of ECLAC.
The analytical frame of reference used in this publication
is the process of epidemiological transition, which reflects
to a large extent the downward trend in mortality, based
on advances in medicine, the development of more
appropriate health-care systems, improvements in the
living conditions of the population and changing lifestyles.
The epidemiological transition links the important decline
in mortality mainly to the greater possibility of avoiding
deaths from communicable diseases, which changes the
profile of deaths by causes and age groups. In particular, it
leads to the decrease in the relative impact of deaths from
early childhood infectious and parasitic diseases and to an
increase in the relative weight of deaths from chronic and
degenerative diseases, which are more common among
adults. The epidemiological transition, together with the
demographic transition, makes it possible, in part, to
understand the mixed picture presented by the countries
of the region with respect to mortality levels and trends.
See annex for methodological aspects and definitions of the functions of life tables.
The printed version of the publication includes the period 1980-2020, while the attached CD-ROM covers the period 1950-2050.
27
Mortality
I. General mortality levels, trends and targets in Latin America
3
4
the target set for that year. Furthermore, the Conference

set special targets for countries with high mortality (65
years for 2005 and 70 years for 2015) and according to
estimates, Bolivia is believed to have achieved the target
for 2005 (see table 1).
Figure 1
LIFE EXPECTANCY AT BIRTH, BY MAJOR WORLD REGION
90
80
70
60
Years
50
40
30
20
10
North America
Oceania
Europe
East Asia
Latin America
1950-1955
2000-2005
Asia
Africa
Developing
regions
Developed
regions
0
World
As occurred in the developed countries approximately a

century and a half ago, the Latin American demographic
transition started with a decline in mortality, especially
in early childhood. Mortality levels and trends are very
dissimilar, however; while the situation in some countries
is very similar to that of the developed countries, most
of the regions population still lives in countries where
health conditions are very unfavourable and where child
mortality is high. Although the decline in mortality
began in some countries in the first half of the twentieth
century, mainly in the 1930s (Prez Brignoli, 1993), the
indicators in this publication are based on information
collected since 1950. This is because that year marked
the start of the systematic taking of population censuses,
following the preparation of demographic estimates and
population projections by the United Nations, which
called for a more exhaustive evaluation of vital statistics
registers and the development and application of indirect
methods for estimating mortality, both in childhood and
in adulthood.
Average life expectancy at birth e(0) in Latin
America in the mid-1950s was 52 years; the figure in
recent years (2000-2005) is approximately 72 years.
According to information provided by the United Nations
Population Division (2006 revision), life expectancy at
birth in Latin America is currently higher than in other
developing regions (see figure 1). This is a rudimentary
comparison, since the graph shows an average for the
regions and does not reflect the significant differences that
exist between countries in those regions. The subregion
of East Asia, which is estimated to have surpassed the
20-year gain achieved by Latin America between 19501955 and 2000-2005, has recorded a 30-year increase in
its e(0), which now stands at 73 years.3
The average lifespan of 72 years recorded in Latin
America exceeds the target of 70 years set by the World
Health Organization (WHO) for the year 2000 and that
established for 2005 at the International Conference on
Population and Development, held in Cairo in 1994 (United
Nations, 1995). Of the 20 countries in the region, only Haiti
and Bolivia have not yet reached the target of 70 years
(see table 1). According to information contained in table
1, the region has probably reached the target of 75 years
life expectancy proposed by the Conference for the year
2015; projections for countries indicate, however, that half
of them will have to make a concerted effort to achieve
Source: United Nations, World Population Prospects. 2006 Revision and CELADE
- Population Division of ECLAC, Population estimates and projections,
revision 2007.
Table 1 reveals a mixed picture for mortality rates in

Latin American countries. While the life expectancy at
birth in Costa Rica, Chile and Cuba is around 78 years, a
higher figure than in many developed countries, in Haiti,
it is less than 60 years. If the average increase in e(0) in
the region is 0.4 years per year, this means that Haiti is
lagging behind Costa Rica by as much as 50 years.
Uruguay and Argentina are exceptions as their
mortality rates fell prior to 1950 and remain low.4 These
countries, which were at the forefront thanks to their low
mortality, have recorded lower declines in the period
under consideration, and thus have been overtaken by
the three countries mentioned in the preceding paragraph.
Currently, they belong to the group of low- to medium-low
mortality countries, which include Mexico, Panama and
Ecuador, with a life expectancy at birth of approximately
75 years.
In the space of half a century, life expectancy in
the Central American countries as well as in Mexico,
Ecuador, Peru and the Dominican Republic shot up by
between 25 and 30 years to levels, which, in some cases,
exceed the regional average. In short, in half of the Latin
American countries, life expectancy is now over 72 years
and in 85%, it is above 70 years.
East Asia is made up of the following countries: China, Democratic Peoples Republic of Korea, Japan, Mongolia and Republic of Korea.
The situation is somewhat similar in Paraguay and Cuba, although the trends are dissimilar, since Cuba is one of the countries with a very low
mortality rate, while Paraguay has a life expectancy at birth that is below the regional average.
28
Mortalidad
Table I
LIFE EXPECTANCY AT BIRTH, BOTH SEXES, AND TARGETS SET BY THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON POPULATION
AND DEVELOPMENT, 1994
Country and mortality ratea
1950-1955
1975-1980
2005b
Target: e(0) = 70c
2015b
Target: e(0) = 75c
Latin America
High (less than 69 years)
Haiti
Bolivia
Average (69-71.9 years)
Guatemala
Peru
El Salvador
Paraguay
Nicaragua
Honduras
Brazil
Dominican Republic
Average low (72-74.9 years)
Colombia
Venezuela (Bol. Rep. of)
Ecuador
Argentina
Low (75 years and over)
Panama
Mexico
Uruguay
Cuba
Chile
Costa Rica
51.8
63.4
72.8
75.0
37.6
40.4
50.0
50.1
59.4
64.7
d
Xd
63.4
67.9
42.0
43.9
45.3
62.6
42.3
41.8
51.0
46.0
56.2
58.5
57.1
66.5
57.6
57.7
61.8
62.1
69.5
70.7
71.2
71.3
71.9
71.5
71.7
71.7
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
71.9
73.2
73.4
73.2
75.1
73.6
74.1
73.7
50.6
55.2
48.4
62.7
64.0
67.7
61.4
68.8
72.2
73.3
74.6
74.8
X
X
X
X
74.4
75.1
76.2
76.5
X
X
X
55.3
50.7
66.3
59.5
54.8
57.3
69.0
65.3
69.6
73.1
67.2
71.0
75.2
75.5
75.7
77.7
78.1
78.5
X
X
X
X
X
X
76.7
77.7
77.5
79.5
79.4
79.6
X
X
X
X
X
X
Source: Latin American and Caribbean Demographic Centre (CELADE) - Population Division of ECLAC, Population estimates and projections revision 2007.
a Mortality
rate based on life expectancy at birth in 2005.

expectancy at birth for these years was calculated as averages of adjacent five-year periods.
X indicates that the target was achieved.
d The targets for high-mortality countries are a life expectancy of 65 years for 2005 and one of 70 years for 2015.
b Life
c The
While the figures analysed reveal a fairly positive

panorama, there is evidence that the goal set by the
International Conference on Population and Development
will not have been fully met in terms of reducing
inequalities in mortality rates in the different countries.
Since few studies have been conducted on general
mortality in different subpopulations, an indicator can
be found in the persistence of these inequities in studies
on childhood mortality. The chapter on demographic and
social inequalities in the Social Panorama of Latin America
(ECLAC, 2005) illustrates cleau,y the extent to which
these inequalities have persisted. The conclusions suggest
that advances have been made thanks to the reduction
in infant mortality in less privileged socio-economic
sectors, but the same does not apply across geographic
divisions. Indigenous populations are reported to be
the farthest behind in terms of the process of mortality

decline, and wide disparities exist what is happening in
the non-indigenous population.
The epidemiological transition

The epidemiological transition is a useful frame of
reference for understanding mortality trends as reflected
in indicators included in this publication. This process
consists in the change in the cause-of-death profile
from one where communicable diseases and conditions
occurring in the perinatal period predominate to one
where chronic and degenerative diseases or death due to
external causes take the lead (Frenk, Lozano and Bobadilla,
1994; Chackiel, 1999).5 The epidemiological transition
is the manifestation of changes that have occurred in
Communicable diseases are infectious and parasitic dieseases, intestinal infections (diarrhoeas), acute respiratory diseases and those that are
avoidable through immunization, which affect mainly children. Conditions that occur in the perinatal period are maternal and obstetric diseases,
congenital malformations and other endogenous diseases. Chronic and degenerative diseases include brain and cardiovascular diseases, tumors
and other degenerative diseases that affect adults and older persons. External causes of death include accidents suicides, homicides and other
causes of death resulting from trauma or violence.
29
Mortality
health conditions in the population owing to medical

advances and changes in the health systems, modification
of lifestyles and improvement in the living conditions of
large sectors of the population. The same authors point
out that the change in epidemiological profile does not
occur uniformly in all societies and that the trend is not
linear, but subject to advances and setbacks that occur
at different paces.
The epidemiological transition is closely related to
the demographic transition and is one of the factors that
triggers the latter insofar as it determines mortality, one
of the components that sets off the process. Subsequently,
epidemiological changes intensify following phenomena
such as the fall in the fertility rate, population ageing and
the concentration of the population in urban areas. Both
transitions result in a drastic change in the age structure
of deaths, which is characterized by the increase in the
proportion of deaths of older persons, due to the survival of
persons to more advanced ages as well as the accelerated
growth in the older population. The ratio of deaths of
those under 15 to deaths of persons aged 65 and over
is a useful indicator for recognizing the point at which
epidemiological transition occurs in a given country (see
section III).
in countries such as Brazil and Uruguay, whose mortality

levels differ (see figure 2), the gap was more than 6 years,
while in Cuba and Costa Rica, which are the countries with
the lowest mortality, it was lower and relatively stable,
similar to that currently observed in Haiti.
General mortality by sex
The overall trend is towards a difference in favour

of the female sex, which to date has been increasing as
described above. Nevertheless, the future trend is not clear
as the most recent increase in longevity seems to have
been more or less the same for men as for women, so that
the gap would appear to be stabilizing. This is already
evident in some of the countries considered in figure 2,
such as Brazil, Chile, Mexico and Uruguay, as well as in
the regional average. The important thing is to determine
whether there has been a definitive break in the growing
trend in favour of females and whether in the future the
life expectancies of the two sexes may be expected to
converge or whether there may at least be a stabilization
of the existing gap. The answer to this question depends
on the origin of the differences in mortality by gender and
the explanations are biological, medical, social, cultural
and environmental. Greater success now than in the past
in combating the causes of male deaths, together with the
advances in gender equality, which also imply sharing the
stresses of modern life, may well lead to greater gender
equity as far as mortality risks are concerned.
Mortality trends by sex are generally known to favour

women, who tend to live longer (in terms of average
number of years of life) than men, who face increasing
excess mortality rates (see figure 2). Generally speaking,
the sex differential is trending towards a greater advantage
for women, ranging from approximately 2.5-3.5 years
for a life expectancy at birth of approximately 50 years
to more than 6 years for a life expectancy at birth of
over 70 years. One of the factors contributing to this is
the epidemiological transition, owing to the decline in
female mortality due to complications during pregnancy
and childbirth and to certain communicable diseases to
which women are more prone. In addition, excess male
mortality is higher owing to cardiovascular diseases and
external causes.
However, the size of the gap between female and
male life expectancy at birth varies from one country to
another, even between those that have similar mortality
levels. For example in the last five-year period examined,
30
Figure 2
LATIN AMERICA (SELECTED COUNTRIES) FEMALE LIFE
EXPECTANCY AT BIRTH MINUS MALE LIFE EXPECTANCY
AT BIRTH
9
8
7
Years
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
19501955
19551960
19601965
19651970
19701975
19751980
19801985
19851990
19901995
19952000
20002005
Latin America
Guatemala
Mexico
Chile
Haiti
Brazil
Uruguay
Cuba
Source: Latin American and Caribbean Demographic Centre Population Division

of ECLAC, Population estimates and projections, revision 2007.
Mortalidad
II. Infant mortality

The increase in life expectancy at birth of both sexes has
been mainly the result of the decline in early-age mortality,
particularly infant mortality. This decline was recorded
in all countries, including those among the relatively
high mortality group (see figure 3). In the second half of
the twentieth century, the region recorded an 80% fall in
its infant mortality rate, from 128 deaths per 1,000 live
births to 26 per 1,000 live births.6
Figure 3
LATIN AMERICA (SELECTED COUNTRIES):
INFANT MORTALITY RATES 1950-2005
250
Rates per thousand
200
150
100
50
0
1950- 1955- 1960- 1965- 1970- 1975- 1980- 1985- 1990- 1995- 20001955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Haiti
Brazil
Uruguay
Guatemala
Mexico
Chile
Costa Rica
Source: Latin American and Caribbean Demographic Centre (CELADE) - Population

Division of ECLAC, Population estimates and projections, revision 2007.
While the reductions were significant in all countries,

those recording the greatest advances were, as was to be
expected, those that had the highest life expectancy at
birth, that is, Chile and Costa Rica (figure 3) whose infant
mortality rate fell by approximately 90% (currently they
boast rates of 10 or fewer deaths per 1,000 live births). In
high-mortality countries, such as Haiti and Bolivia, the
reduction was 65% to 75%, and the infant mortality rate
is five times as high as that of Uruguay and Argentina
(the countries with the lowest rates), which had a lower
mortality rate in the first half of the past century and also
registered relatively moderate declines (between 70%
and 75%). Among the countries with average mortality
rates, Paraguay experienced the lowest percentage decline
(51%), losing its place as the country with the fourth
lowest infant mortality rate in 1950-1955 to become the
fifteenth at present.
Even in periods of economic crisis when some countries
suffered a fall in GDP and rising poverty levels, infant
mortality declined to a greater or lesser extent somewhat
independently of social and economic indicators. In
any event, the infant mortality rate continues to be an
6
indicator of the level of social development and gaps in

access to health care in and between countries (ECLAC
and UNICEF, 2007). As already mentioned, there are
several studies that document the gaps in access to health
care that still persist in the region to the detriment of the
rural population and inhabitants of remote geographical
regions, the illiterate and low-income population, and
indigenous peoples. (ECLAC, 2005 and 2006).
Success in reducing infant mortality is linked to the
development of primary health care, including vaccination
and the use of oral rehydration therapy to avoid death
from infectious and parasitic diseases. The spread of these
measures marks the start of the epidemiological transition
in the region, which, as suggested in section I, consists
in reducing the relative weight of communicable and
perinatal diseases compared with cardiovascular diseases
and malignant tumours, which are more difficult to avoid
and require lengthier and more expensive treatments.
In view of the widespread social concern at the
persistently high infant and child mortality levels in Latin
America and other regions of the world, the International
Conference on Population and Development in 1994 set
targets to be completed by the beginning of the twentyfirst century and by the year 2015 (United Nations, 2005).
These targets established that by the year 2000, underone and under-five mortality rates should be reduced by
one third compared with the 1990 rates, or should be cut
back to maximum rates of 50 and 70 deaths per 1,000
live births respectively. The target set for the countries
with intermediate mortality levels for 2005 was to reduce
infant mortality rates to less than 50 deaths per 1,000
live births and child mortality to less than 60 per 1,000.
For the year 2015, it is to be hoped that all countries will
bring the two indicators down to less than 35 and less
than 45 per 1,000 live births, respectively. Target 4 of
the Millennium Development Goals is to reduce by two
thirds the under-five mortality rate between 1990 and
2015 (www.un.org/millenniumgoals/index.html).
A follow-up to the targets set by the International
Conference on Population and Development in relation
to infant mortality in the 1990s reveals ambiguous results,
since out of 20 countries, 14 met the target, although that
number included six that were just one point short of the
target (see table 2). Haiti and Bolivia, countries with high
mortality levels, were the only ones that did not succeed
in bringing their rates down to the maximum acceptable
level of 50 deaths per 1,000 live births, while the countries
with the lowest mortality levels successfully brought their
The infant mortality rate indicates the probability of an infant dying before reaching its first birthday, and is usually calculated as the ratio of
deaths of infants under the age of one to the number of live births that occurred during the same period, generally one year.
31
Mortality
Table 2
INFANT MORTALITY RATE, PROBABILITY OF A CHILD DYING BEFORE REACHING
THE AGE OF FIVE AND TARGETS SET BY THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE
ON POPULATION AND DEVELOPMENT IN 1994
Infant mortality
Country and mortality levela

Latin America
High (less than 69 years)
Haiti
Bolivia
Average (69-71.9 years)
Guatemala
Peru
El Salvador
Paraguay
Nicaragua
Honduras
Brazil
Dominican Republic
Average low (72-74.9 years)
Colombia
Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)
Ecuador
Argentina
Low (75 years and over)
Panama
Mexico
Uruguay
Cuba
Chile
Costa Rica
Probability of dying before the age of 5
1990b
2000b
meta 2000
1990b
2000b
43
29
29
93
83
63
61
50c
50c
136
113
100
78
70c
70c
61
58
47
45
57
48
47
55
42
35
29
37
30
33
31
38
41
39
31
30
38
32
32
37
85
85
64
56
76
67
60
63
53
49
38
47
38
47
38
42
57
56
43
37
51
55
40
42
31
25
50
26
22
20
29
18
21
17
33
17
43
31
65
30
31
30
36
21
29
21
44
20
28
36
21
16
16
16
22
24
15
8
10
11
19
24
14
10
11
11
36
44
25
19
19
19
29
29
18
10
12
13
24
30
16
13
13
12
meta 2000
Source: Latin American and Caribbean Demographic Centre (CELADE) - Population Division of ECLAC, Population estimates and projections, revision 2007.
a
b
c
Level of mortality on the basis of life expectancy at birth for the year 2005.
The mortality indicators for these years are calculated as averages of the adjacent five-year periods.
The infant mortality target for the high mortality countries is 50 deaths per 1,000 live births and the under-five mortality rate target is 70 deaths per 1,000 live births.
rates down to 11 deaths per 1,000 live births. A similar

picture emerges in terms of fulfilment of the target for
the under-five mortality rate (see table 2).
Estimates for intermediate mortality countries in
2005 present an encouraging trend, since all the countries
in the region, with the exception of Haiti and to some
extent Bolivia, have managed to reduce their under-one
mortality rates to below the target of 50 per 1,000. Current
projections also suggest that the target for 2015 of 35
deaths per 1,000 live births will be met.
Fulfilling the relevant Millennium Development Goal
set for 2015 will call for similar efforts to those required
for general mortality measured by life expectancy at birth.
According to available statistics, the decline in this indicator
will need to be much sharper in the coming years than in
the past if the goal of bringing the under-five mortality
rate down to one third the rate estimated for 1990 is to
be achieved (ECLAC/UNICEF, 2007).
32
Relative risk of child mortality

The general high mortality of the past decades and its
significant reduction were determined to a great extent
by the trend in child mortality. Figure 4 shows the relative
risk of mortality in the first five years of life with respect
to the general mortality in selected countries of Latin
America. The relative risk of mortality between 0 and 4
years was calculated by multiplying the central mortality
rate, m(0-4) by life expectancy at birth, e(0), which is
equivalent to the ratio of that rate to the crude mortality
rate corresponding to the life table (Vallin, 1996; Chackiel,
1999). If the defined indicator is equal to 1, the risks of
dying are similar for children under five and for those over
five. If it is higher than 1, it indicates that child mortality
is higher than general mortality, and the opposite is true
if the indicator is less than 1.
Figure 4
LATIN AMERICA (SELECTED COUNTRIES): RELATIVE RISK OF
CHILD MORTALITY OVER GENERAL MORTALITY, 1950-2005
3.0
Relativo risk
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
1950- 1955- 1960- 1965- 19701955 1960 1965 1970 1975
Guatemala
19751980
Brazil
1980- 1985- 1990- 1995- 20001985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Mexico
Chile
Uruguay

The behaviour of the relative risk statistic indicates

that the burden of early mortality is generally associated
with high mortality. In the mid-twentieth century, in highmortality countries, relative risk was above 2 and in cases
such as Guatemala, it was 2.7, that is child mortality was
almost triple general mortality in that country. This meant
that in those conditions, there was a pronounced excess
mortality among children compared with adults. It should
be noted that this group included several countries, such
as Chile and Mexico, where life expectancy at birth is
now over 75 years. Similarly in the 2000-2005 five-year
period, the value of the ratio was inverted, since it was
below 1 in all cases (between approximately 0.2 and 0.5).
The value is 1 when countries achieve a life expectancy of
approximately 65 years; therefore, in all countries other
than Uruguay (which in all these years had a relative
Mortalidad
risk below 1), this value was reached during the period
under consideration.
As may be expected, the countries with a higher
life expectancy at birth are those which have recorded
a change in the relative risk of death during childhood,
which fell by 90% within 50 years. This result means that
the countries with a very low mortality rate and which
have already reduced child mortality considerably will
need to focus mainly on achieving gains among the adult
population in order to continue raising the life expectancy
of their population.
This differential behaviour of mortality in childhood
and adult mortality is reflected in the trends in life
expectancy at birth e(0) and in life expectancy at age
5 e(5). In the initial stages of transition of mortality,
when the risk of dying in childhood is very high, life
expectancy at birth is lower than at 5 years (see table
3). That is, after surviving the first 5 most risky years of
life, a person would have a probability of living a greater
number of years.
In the mid-twentieth century, Guatemala had an e(5)
of 51 years, almost 10 years higher than e(0) (42years),
which means that, partly as a result of natural selection,
those that survived the first few years would have a much
higher life expectancy than newborns. At that time, as
observed in table 3, other countries in the region, such as
Mexico, where the level of mortality was still relatively
high, albeit lower than in Guatemala, had an e(0) of
between 50 and 60 years, in other words, the e(5) still
exceeded the e(0) by 4-7 years. In 1950-1955, the only
country that had a slight advantage in terms of its e(0)
was Uruguay, where the fall in the mortality rate occurred
earlier than in the other countries of the region (e(0) and
e(5) of approximately 66 years).
Table 3
LATIN AMERICA (SELECTED COUNTRIES): VARIATIONS IN LIFE EXPECTANCY
AT BIRTH e(0) AND LIFE EXPECTANCY AT AGE 5 e(5), 1950-2005
Period
Guatemala
Mexico
Uruguay
e(0)
e(5)
e(0)-e(5)
e(0)
e(5)
e(0)-e(5)
e(0)
e(5)
e(0)-e(5)
1950-1955
1955-1960
1960-1965
1965-1970
1970-1975
1975-1980
1980-1985
1985-1990
1990-1995
1995-2000
2000-2005
42.0
44.2
47.0
50.1
53.9
56.2
58.3
60.9
63.6
66.3
68.9
51.3
52.8
54.9
56.9
59.2
60.1
60.9
62.3
63.6
65.4
67.4
-9.2
-8.6
-7.9
-6.8
-5.3
-4.0
-2.6
-1.4
0.0
0.9
1.5
50.7
55.3
58.4
60.3
62.6
65.3
67.7
69.8
71.8
73.6
74.8
57.6
60.5
62.4
63.2
64.3
65.4
66.8
68.3
69.7
71.1
71.7
-6.9
-5.2
-3.9
-3.0
-1.7
-0.1
0.9
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.1
66.3
67.2
68.4
68.6
68.8
69.6
71.0
72.1
73.0
74.1
75.2
65.8
66.4
67.3
67.4
67.5
68.1
68.7
69.0
69.7
70.5
71.5
0.5
0.8
1.2
1.2
1.3
1.6
2.3
3.1
3.3
3.6
3.7
Aumento
26.9
16.1
24.1
14.2
8.9
5.7
33
The trend over time in terms of child mortality is for

the gap between the two life expectancies to narrow and
even, as may be expected, for the ratio to be inverted.
In general, the cross-over point occurs when the e(0)
approaches 65 years; in the case of Uruguay, this occurred
before the period under consideration and in the case of
Guatemala, later. Currently, the countries that have reduced
their mortality rates significantly already have an e(0) that
is between 3 and 4 years higher than their e(5). Since it
is early-age mortality which has an impact on the decline
in mortality, the differences between countries are less
Mortality
obvious in e(5) than in e(0). If we compare the extremes,

while Costa Ricas e(0) is 30% higher than Haitis its
e(5) is 23% higher. The increases in e(5) observed in
recent years, at least in countries with low and moderate
mortality, have been smaller and smaller, albeit similar
to those observed in the e(0).
As a result, the challenge for many countries in the
region is to obtain greater advances in reducing adult
mortality, although there is a large group of countries
and sectors in which infant and child mortality rates are
persistently high.
III. Mortality by sex and age

As is to be expected, the age-based mortality-rate curve is
U-shaped in Latin America when mortality rates are high
and becomes J-shaped as mortality rates fall.7 As discussed
earlier, this is due to a sharper downward trend in infant
mortality in the first phase of the mortality transition.
Table 4 shows this trend in selected countries according
to different mortality levels and trends.8 For example,
the mortality curve by age in Guatemala 50 years ago
shows high rates for both children and older persons,
while the lowest rate is for the 5-14 age group, followed
by the 15-44 age group. The structure of mortality rates
by age in Chile, which is a low-mortality country, shows
a similar trend in recent years, but with a relatively low
infant-mortality rate. Figures 5a and 5b show the trend
in rates by age and sex in both countries.9 Generally
speaking, the experience of the other selected countries
remains in an intermediate position between the two
under consideration.
With some exceptions, the reduction in mortality
between the 25-year periods under consideration is
in inverse proportion to age (see table 5), that is, the
older the age group, the lower the percentage reduction.
Reductions in mortality in the 0-4 and 5-14 age groups
are usually similar, with slightly sharper drops in the 5-14
age group, while the opposite occurs in the second period.
Of the selected countries, in the first twenty-five year
period under consideration, the countries that achieved
the greatest rate reductions were Chile and Mexico and
in the last 25 years, further reductions were observed in
Chile. Countries with higher mortality levels, such as
Guatemala and Brazil, show more rapid reductions in the

second period, which represents an important advance,
although they still maintain substantially higher rates
for all ages, except in the 65-and-over age group. Both
Argentina and Uruguay, which achieved relatively low
mortality rates before the other countries, show rates with
relatively lower improvements, especially between the
period 1950-1955 and the period 1975-1980.
The differential mortality rates by sex reflect excess
male mortality at all ages (see table 4). The only exception
exists in Guatemala in the 5-44 age group, which confirms
the well-known fact in high mortality situations: the high
prevalence of causes peculiar to women, such as those
associated with pregnancy and childbirth, as well as
communicable diseases, such as tuberculosis, which have
affected women more than men (United Nations, 1963).
Elsewhere in the region, excess male mortality has to
date been on the rise and is particularly high among the
15-44 age group, owing to greater control of the abovementioned causes of death among women and to possible
increases in male deaths due to external causes.
One of the manifestations of the epidemiological
transition is the pronounced ageing observed in the age
structure of deaths thanks to greater success in avoiding
deaths from communicable diseases at early ages, and
to population ageing, due mainly to falling birth rates.
The above-mentioned change in the relative distribution
of deaths by age is shown in table 7, which presents
the percentage of deaths by major age group. It may be
observed that in Guatemala, which in 1950-1955 had a life
Reference is made to mortality rates by age based on life tables and which are represented as m(x, x+n) for the interval of exact ages (x, x+n);
this refers to the ratio of deaths between x and x+n years to the population of the same group (expressed per 10,000); the U-shape refers to the
figure of rates per age, which for countries with low life expectancy at birth shows high mortality at each extreme of life and low mortality in
the middle.
8 The mortality rates by age and sex are studied for the periods 1950-1955, 1975-1980 and 2000-2005. The countries were selected partly because
the relevant data were available, although in some respects, the information may not be completely reliable.
9 The logarithm of mortality rates is presented graphically to give a better idea of the existing differentials, although this tends to attenuate the
U-shape and J-shape of the function m(x, x+n).
34
Mortalidad
Table 4
LATIN AMERICA (SELECTED COUNTRIES): MORTALITY RATES BY SEX AND AGE
(PER 10,000 PERSONS), PERIODS 1950-1955, 1975-1980, 2000-2005a
Sex and age (in years)
Guatemala
Brazil
Mexico
Argentina
Chile
1950-1955
Males
0-4
660.5
484.2
482.0
188.8
375.7
5-14
68.2
28.4
32.4
11.2
18.7
15-44
86.9
66.5
70.1
34.6
55.2
45-64
240.6
202.2
199.8
186.8
203.1
65 and over
879.4
821.8
819.0
826.8
850.4
Females
0-4
617.2
401.1
429.1
170.6
339.7
5-14
70.0
24.1
31.1
9.5
16.4
15-44
95.0
57.3
55.1
28.1
46.5
45-64
225.0
179.9
157.8
114.4
149.3
65 and over
845.6
789.9
770.0
691.3
730.9
1975-1980
Males
0-4
5-14
15-44
45-64
65 and over
Females
0-4
5-14
15-44
45-64
65 and over
323.4
27.5
61.2
176.9
754.0
277.5
15.8
40.7
141.0
701.9
175.1
11.4
45.6
148.6
676.6
104.9
6.1
24.6
156.4
787.5
120.9
6.9
34.4
163.8
757.5
305.6
27.0
43.0
135.2
714.6
190.6
10.9
31.3
120.7
670.8
139.7
8.6
22.9
99.4
615.2
87.8
4.3
14.9
74.5
627.3
100.7
4.9
17.3
93.9
637.5
114.5
8.6
51.6
110.2
618.1
78.6
4.9
38.4
136.4
631.9
56.4
5.0
22.6
88.9
593.3
40.2
3.4
19.8
116.4
699.2
22.0
2.4
15.9
83.6
598.6
88.0
6.6
21.4
74.3
568.1
59.7
3.4
14.5
81.5
546.8
44.7
2.8
8.3
60.3
543.9
31.0
2.4
9.2
57.5
536.6
17.3
1.8
6.0
46.1
502.2
2000-2005
Males
0-4
5-14
15-44
45-64
65 and over
Females
0-4
5-14
15-44
45-64
65 and over
a Refers
to mortality rates of the life table for the relevant periods.
expectancy at birth of 42 years, the highest percentage of

deaths occurred before the age of 15 (65%), while half of
deaths in Uruguay (with an e(0) of 66 years) occurred in
the 65 and over age group. Indeed, in this country, which
now has an e(0) of over 75 years, deaths of older persons
account for more than 70% of all deaths. This increase
in the age at death is sharper than the rise in the age of
10
the population at risk of dying and suggests that the most

important factor is the significant fall in mortality rates
at early ages as a result of the epidemiological transition
(Chackiel, 2004).
The ratio of deaths of under-fifteens to those of persons
aged 65 and over is a synthetic indicator of the trend in
the epidemiological transition.10 The extreme variation
This indicator is associated with the mortality profile ratio (MPR) proposed by Frenk and others (1994), that is the ratio of deaths from
communicable diseases and occurring in the perinatal period to deaths due to chronic and degenerative diseases.
35
Mortality
Table 5
LATIN AMERICA (SELECTED COUNTRIES): PERCENTAGE REDUCTION IN MORTALITY
RATES BY AGE, 1950-1955 TO 1975-1980 AND 1975-1980 TO 2000-2005
Sex and age (in years)
Guatemala
Brazil
Mexico
Argentina
Chile
1950-1955 to 1975-1980
Males
0-4
51.0
42.7
63.7
44.5
5-14
59.7
44.4
64.8
45.7
15-44
29.6
38.8
34.9
29.0
45-64
26.5
30.3
25.7
16.3
65 and over
14.3
14.6
17.4
4.8
Females
0-4
50.5
52.5
67.4
48.5
5-14
61.5
54.7
72.3
55.3
15-44
54.7
45.4
58.5
46.8
45-64
39.9
32.9
37.0
34.9
65 and over
15.5
15.1
20.1
9.3
67.8
63.3
37.7
19.3
10.9
70.4
70.3
62.8
37.1
12.8
1975-1980a 2000-2005
Males
0-4
64.6
71.7
67.8
61.7
5-14
68.8
69.2
56.4
44.7
15-44
15.6
5.6
50.4
19.4
45-64
37.7
3.3
40.1
25.6
65 and over
18.0
10.0
12.3
11.2
Females
0-4
71.2
68.7
68.0
64.7
5-14
75.6
68.8
67.1
44.5
15-44
50.4
53.8
63.9
38.4
45-64
45.0
32.5
39.3
22.8
65 and over
20.5
18.5
11.6
14.5
81.8
64.5
53.8
48.9
21.0
82.8
62.6
65.4
50.9
21.2
Source: Latin American and Caribbean Demographic Centre (CELADE) - Population Division of ECLAC, Population estimates and projections, revision, 2007.
Figure 5
(b) GUATEMALA: MORTALITY RATES BY SEX AND AGE GROUP,
1950-1955 AND 2000-2005
0.1
0.1
ye
ar
ar
75
-7
9
65
-6
ye
ye
9
-5
55
s
ar
s
ar
s
45
-4
ye
ye
ar
s
ar
9
ye
-3
35
9
-2
25
15
-1
9
ye
ar
ar
ar
ye
ye
01
ye
ye
75
-7
9
9
-6
65
ar
ar
s
ar
ye
9
-5
55
45
-4
ye
ye
9
-3
ar
ar
s
ar
ye
ar
-2
25
35
ye
ye
ye
ar
15
-1
9
9
5-
01
0.0001
0.0001
0.001
ar
0.001
0.01
0.01
5-
ln m(x)
ln m(x)
(a) CHILE: MORTALITY RATES BY SEX AND AGE GROUP,

1950-1955 AND 2000-2005
Males 1950-1955
Males 2000-2005
Males 1950-1955
Males 2000-2005
Females 1950-1955
Females 2000-2005
Females 1950-1955
Females 2000-2005
36
of this indicator in the selected countries included in

table 7 varies from a value of 7.22 in Guatemala in the
mid-twentieth century to one of 0.07 in Uruguay in the
five-year period 2000-2005. Another way of demonstrating
the importance of the change in the mortality profiles by
age is to analyse the trend in the regional average. In this
case, the ratio decreased from 3 in 1950-1955 to 0.33 in
2000-2005, reversing in mid-century the predominance
of causes of death associated with infancy over those
associated with old age.
Child mortality (0 to 4 and 5 to 14 years)
The outcome of the mortality rate of the 0-4 age group
coincides with the results examined in section II. The high
rates that prevailed 50 years ago and the major differences
that existed between countries have been confirmed; this
is reflected in the comparison between Argentina, which
has a rate of 189 deaths per 10,000 inhabitants, and
Guatemala, where the rate is 661 per 10,000 inhabitants,
that is 3.5 times as high. It has also been observed that at
these ages, mortality rates fall significantly (see table 5),
with Chile a case of rapid evolution, since in 50 years,
it advanced from being a high mortality country to join
Costa Rica and Cuba at the head of the low-mortality
category. In Chile, the infant mortality rate diminished
by around 70% in the first period and by more than 80%
in the second. As indicated, there is a smaller reduction
Mortalidad
in high-mortality countries, such as Guatemala, and in

early-transition countries, such as Argentina.
In terms of mortality by sex, in selected cases there
is excess male mortality which increases in inverse
proportion to general mortality. Thus, in Guatemala,
since the 1975-1980 five-year period, the sex differential
increased in favour of women, with approximately 105
male deaths occurring per 100 female deaths, to recent
values of approximately 130 male deaths per 100 female
deaths, a similar rate to that of the other selected countries
(see table 6).
Mortality in the 5-14 age group is in any case the
lowest, although the differences between countries and
over time are very sharp. In the early 1950s, the rate for
this group in Guatemala was 69 per 10,000 persons, seven
times as high as that in Argentina (10 per 10,000) and 35
times as high as in Chile at the turn of the twenty-first
century (approximately 2 per 10,000) (see table 4). The
advances in bringing down the rates for this group are
remarkable, considering that they are the lowest in the
region and that they occur in countries that have achieved
a high life expectancy at birth. In the selected countries,
in the last quarter-century, these rates fell to between
60% and 75%, except in Argentina in which they stood at
approximately 45%. In comparison with the difference in
mortality by sex, as mentioned before, the only exception
to excess male mortality is the case of Guatemala in
Table 6
LATIN AMERICA (SELECTED COUNTRIES): MASCULINITY OF MORTALITY RATES
BY AGE (PER 100), PERIODS 1950-1955, 1975-1980, 2000-2005a
Age (in years)
Guatemala
Brazil
Mexico
Argentina
Chile
107.0
97.4
91.5
107.0
104.0
120.7
117.9
116.0
112.4
104.0
112.3
104.2
127.3
126.6
106.4
110.7
117.5
123.1
163.3
119.6
110.6
114.1
118.8
136.0
116.3
105.8
101.8
142.1
130.9
105.5
145.6
144.7
130.0
116.9
104.6
125.3
132.4
199.5
149.5
110.0
119.4
142.5
164.4
209.9
125.5
120.1
141.4
199.3
174.5
118.8
130.1
130.3
241.7
148.3
108.8
131.5
143.2
265.7
167.4
115.5
126.3
175.5
274.2
147.5
109.1
129.5
141.9
214.9
202.4
130.3
127.3
134.2
266.2
181.4
119.2
1950-1955
0-4
5-14
15-44
45-64
65 and over
1975-1980
0-4
5-14
15-44
45-64
65 and over
2000-2005
0-4
5-14
15-44
45-64
65 and over
a Ratio
of male to female mortality rates.
37
11
Figure 6
EL SALVADOR: MALE MORTALITY RATES BY AGE, 1950-2005
1950-1955
1.0000
1955-1960
1960-1965
0.1000
1965-1970
1970-1975
0.0100
1975-1980
0.0010
1980-1985
1985-1990
0.0001
ar
75
ye
ye
65
1995-2000
2000-2005

Male and female life expectancy levels in the period 1980-1985 were estimated at 63.8 and 50.8 years, respectively.
38
ar
ar
ye
55
45
ye
ar
s
35
ye
ar
s
25
ye
ar
ar
15
ye
ar
ye
ye
ar
1990-1995
Adult mortality (15 to 44 and 45 to 64 years)

Mortality rates tend to increase progressively with age
from the age of 15 upwards and, except in rare cases,
their reduction diminishes with age. Thus the lowest
adult mortality rates correspond to the 15-44 age group
and in the most recent period examined range from 16 per
10,000 (Chile) to 52 per 10,000 (Guatemala) for males
and from 6 per 10,000 to 21 per 10,000 for females,
respectively (see table 4). Any fall in the mortality rate
in this age group is usually significant, especially in the
case of the female rate, which declines by between 40%
and 65% in both periods under study (see table 5). The
countries where the mortality rate has trended downward
more sharply in recent years are the recent transition
countries represented in the table by Chile and Mexico;
in Chile, the mortality rates are lower than in Argentina,
which as indicated started its transition prior to 1950. In
the more recent period, Brazil, has recorded very slight
increases in the male mortality rate, due undoubtedly to
external causes such as violence (including homicides
and suicides).
Male mortality is higher than that of women and
the difference increases over time (see table 6). In some
cases, excess male mortality is more than double the
female rate, since this is the age bracket in which the
greatest differences in mortality are to be found. In the
cases under consideration only Guatemala has a slight
excess female mortality for the period 1950-1955, which
is probably attributable to the higher incidence of deaths
due to communicable diseases and perinatal complications/
conditions. This may be the explanation, although the
possibility that there may be problems related to basic

information cannot be ruled out.
External causes including violence and trauma
account for a significant proportion of deaths in this
age group especially among men. The most important
of these are traffic accidents, suicides, homicides and,
in several countries, submersion/suffocation accidents.
Male mortality due to external causes is much higher
than mortality due to other causes, which explains the
higher excess male mortality in this group (Chackiel,
1999 and 2004).
Data relating to young adults, especially young
males often present irregularities as a result of unforeseen
increases in mortality. Many of these irregularities are
due to emerging epidemics or outbreaks of diseases that
were believed to have been wiped out. The first include
HIV/AIDS, which is a serious social concern owing to its
scale and impact. The diseases that have resurfaced are
cholera, hanta virus, malaria, Chagas disease, dengue and
tuberculosis, although not always with high mortality rates.
There have also been increases in deaths from external
causes, which include violence associated with political
or social crises, which may result in many deaths, notably
of men. In these cases, there may be periods when the
mortality rates of the different age groups are intertwined,
as in El Salvador between 1975 and 1990 (see figure 6),
which resulted at that time in a female life expectancy
at birth that was 10 years higher than the male rate.11
Another case is that of Argentina, where the data show
that in the age group 25-40, mortality rates in recent
years are slightly higher than during the five-year period
1990-1995. The situation in Brazil was somewhat similar
ln m(x)
the first five-year period, a situation linked to the high

mortality levels that prevailed in this country.
The increase in the survival rates of children is
due mainly to the success in combating communicable
diseases and, to a lesser extent, perinatal complications/
conditions. When mortality levels were high, 50 years ago
in Costa Rica and Chile, or currently as in Guatemala,
communicable diseases were the leading cause of death
at these ages and perinatal complications/conditions the
second; however, although the decline in mortality due
to these causes is very significant, they continue to be the
principal causes, with the order of prevalence reversed.
As a consequence of this, the deaths of children in recent
years were due mainly to perinatal conditions, since there
remain certain illnesses of endogenous origin in respect
of which it is more difficult to avoid a fatal outcome
(Chackiel, 1999).
Mortality
in the 1980s and 1990s. This accounts for the low rate
of decline in the mortality rates of the 15-44 age group
in these two countries in 1975-1980 and 2000-2005 (see
table 5). While the decrease in mortality rates at all ages
is taken as an expected trend, it must be borne in mind
that this fact may reflect above all the situation of the
age groups of young adults, although one should not rule
out the possibility that such areas of overlap are due to
information problems. `
In the case of women, neoplasms and diseases are the
most important cause of death of the circulatory system,
followed by external causes. The greatest reductions are
observed in deaths due to communicable diseases, which
are high when the mortality rate is high, followed by
deaths due to diseases of the circulatory system. Normally,
mortality due to external causes has been rising steadily in
the case of both sexes, although this trend is much more
pronounced among men (Chackiel, 1999).
This is the age group in which women may be affected
by complications relating to pregnancy, childbirth and
puerperium. It should be borne in mind that obtaining
accurate estimates of maternal mortality poses an additional
difficulty, because many deaths are linked to clandestine
abortions. Even so, according to available information,
maternal mortality rates in some countries in the region are
ten times higher than in developed countries (Rajs, 1996).
While this only accounts for a small percentage of total
deaths and its incidence has actually been reduced thanks
Mortalidad
to maternal-and-child-health programmes, it is viewed as

an important indicator of the health situation, bearing in
mind that maternal mortality is perfectly preventable if
the pregnancies develop under proper conditions.
In the 45-64 age group, in Guatemala higher rates
are observed than those of the other countries, although
all have a high mortality rate in the period 1950-1955,
mainly in the case of men see table 4). The trend in
recent years shows a certain convergence between lowmortality countries, especially in the case of women. The
most recent estimate for men reveals that there are still
significant differences. Chile and Mxico (around 85
per 10,000 persons, have significantly lower rates than
the rest (between 110 and 136 per 10,000). Guatemalas
rate (110 per 10,000) is lower rate than that of Argentina
(116 per 10,000). This situation will be examined further
when looking at mortality rates for older persons. The
percentages of reduction vary considerably from one
country to another and over time. In the early transition
countries, such as Argentina, moderate reductions have
occurred; in Chile, which represents low-mortality countries
with recent and rapid transition, significant improvements
have been obtained, especially in the most recent period
(see table 5); in Brazil, also in this age group, there is a
very low reduction in the corresponding rates for men,
which is probably linked to high mortality due to external
causes. After the group of young adults (15 to 44 years),
this is the one in which excess male mortality is on the
Table 7
LATIN AMERICA (SELECTED COUNTRIES): RELATIVE DISTRIBUTION OF DEATHS BY AGE GROUPS
(PER 100), 1950-1955, 1975-1980 and 2000-2005
Age (in years)
Latin America
Guatemala
Brazil
Mexico
Uruguay
Costa Rica
54.8
28.8
16.4
100.0
3.33
64.7
26.4
9.0
100.0
7.22
56.3
29.9
13.8
100.0
4.07
58.1
26.3
15.6
100.0
3.71
14.1
31.6
54.3
100.0
0.26
48.3
26.5
25.2
100.0
1.92
40.1
31.1
28.8
100.0
1.39
55.2
29.1
15.7
100.0
3.52
42.2
32.1
25.7
100.0
1.64
40.9
32.2
26.9
100.0
1.52
10.9
28.4
60.6
100.0
0.18
24.1
28.7
47.2
100.0
0.51
14.7
38.3
47.0
100.0
32.9
36.8
30.3
100.0
13.0
44.1
42.9
100.0
14.6
34.1
51.3
100.0
4.9
21.6
73.5
100.0
8.4
31.9
59.7
100.0
1950-1955
0-14
15-64
65 and over
Total
D(0-15)/D(65+)
1975-1980
0-14
15-64
65 and over
Total
D(0-15)/D(65+)
2000-2005
0-14
15-64
65 and over
Total
D(0-15)/D(65+)
0.31
1.09
0.30
0.29
0.07
0.14
39
rise (see table 6), with rates for males 1.7 to 2 times higher
than female rates.
In countries with low and moderate mortality, diseases
of the circulatory system are the leading cause of death
for men in this age group, followed by neoplasms; in the
case of women, the order is reversed. In the early 1960s,
Chile and Mexico still had a predominance of deaths from
infectious and parasitic diseases, a feature now associated
with high-mortality countries such as Guatemala. Indeed, in
the latter, the prevalence of mortality from cardiovascular
diseases and cancers is considerably lower than in other
countries (Chackiel, 1999). The study by Chackiel shows
that the causes of death that have declined the most are
communicable diseases, while the pattern of the other
major causes of death (neoplasms and cardiovascular
diseases) is more mixed. The reduction in mortality rates
of women, both from diseases that are on the decline
and from communicable diseases and those that have
been benefiting from new advances in medicine, such as
tumours and cardiovascular diseases is reflected in the
rise in the differential by sex of this age group.
Mortality of older persons (65 years and over)
According to various studies (Del Popolo, 2000; Garca,
1990; Grushka, 1996; Dechter and Preston, 1991), the
estimate of mortality at advanced ages in the countries
of Latin America would be underestimated owing to agemisreporting in censuses and inaccuracies in the register
of deaths in vital statistics. The error is reportedly due to
the declaration of a higher age than the true age in the case
of older persons, which is thought to have led to skewed
estimates when seeking to reconcile historical information
from censuses and registers. The suspicion arises from the
low mortality rates observed based on actual data when
compared with the situation in developed countries. The
rates used as a basis for preparing life tables usually take
these problems into consideration, as they have been adjusted
on the basis of the consistency of data in the preparation of
population estimates and projections. However, it should
be noted that it is still necessary to investigate further in
order to determine whether the mortality trend observed
among older adults is due to errors in data or a special
pattern corresponding to the region, perhaps as a result
of a process of natural selection, or a combination of the
two. In any event, information problems are the usual
explanation for certain blips in the mortality trends of
older persons in countries that are at different stages of
the epidemiological and demographic transition.
According to the data presented in table 4, the rates
of the group 65 years and over are very similar within the
selected countries, with Guatemala showing a slightly higher
rate than the rest. There are a few exceptions, however,
as, for example, in the case of the male mortality rate in
40
Mortality
the period 2000-2005, when Argentinas rate was higher

than all other countries, including Guatemala (699 and
618 per 10,000 persons, respectively). The percentage
reduction of the rates are generally moderate (see table
5), which is logical given that Latin American countries
have relatively low mortality rates at advanced ages.
Excess male mortality in this case is also moderate (see
table 6), since the population of both sexes dies out in
this open-ended age bracket.
The mortality rates in this last open-ended age group
are directly linked to the average years of life from 65
years of age, a very important indicator to be used when
considering what resources to allocate to health and social
security policies and programmes. From the mid-twentieth
century to the present, there has been a significant growth
in this indicator (see table 8), in particular for the female
sex in some countries in transition, for whom there has
been a gain in life expectancy of approximately six years
in the last five decades. For the period 2000-2005, female
life expectancy at age 65 e(65), while it does show
slight variations, follows a pattern that is in keeping with
the level expected in the selected countries. The minimum
levels recorded relate to Haiti (13.1) and the maximum to
Chile (19.9). However, in the case of men, e(65) is erratic,
as in Guatemala and Brazil, the value is approximately 16
years, while in Argentina and Uruguay it is lower at just
over 14 years. As mentioned earlier, this situation could
be linked to errors in basic data or in their correction. It
could also be explained by a special trend, which tends
to be low mortality in Guatemala, as a result of natural
selection due to high mortality at younger ages.
As a reference, it should be noted that there are large
variations in e(65) between the developed countries (OECD,
2005). Japan has the highest values, 23 years for women
and 18 years for men, while the values for Portugal are
19.1 and 15.7 years respectively and those for Denmark
are 18.3 and 15.4 years, respectively. These last two
values are similar to those observed in Latin American
countries with average and low mortality.
Table 8
LATIN AMERICA (SELECTED COUNTRIES): LIFE EXPECTANCY
AT AGE 65, 1950-1955 AND 2000-2005
Country

Haiti
Guatemala
Brazil
Argentina
Uruguay
Chile
1950-1955
2000-2005
Males
Females
Males
Females
11.0
11.4
12.2
12.1
12.3
11.8
11.1
11.8
12.7
14.5
15.2
13.7
12.2
16.2
15.8
14.3
14.6
16.7
13.1
17.6
18.3
18.6
19.1
19.9

The principal causes of mortality in the selected

countries, apart from Guatemala, are cardiovascular
diseases and neoplasms, in that order. There is little
variation over time in the different groups of causes,
with a greater decline in mortality from communicable
diseases. The external causes, which are those that show
Mortalidad
the greatest differences by sex (that is, which are higher

in men), have been on the rise in several of the countries.
In Guatemala, a high-mortality country, infectious and
parasitic diseases are the most prevalent, although they
have declined significantly, while the other causes increased
in the period under consideration (Chackiel, 1999).
IV. Future trends in mortality

Future trends in mortality depend on multiple factors
linked, among other things, to advances in medicine,
greater access to health care, an improvement in living and
working conditions, changes towards better life styles and
improvements in the environment at the global, national
and domestic levels. Most of these elements are difficult
to predict, as methodologies for predicting mortality are
based mainly on empirical trends in certain indicators,
considering the levels of mortality already reached and
the trajectory of countries with lower mortality in the
world.
As described in the methodological annex of this
publication, the fundamental instrument used by ECLAC/
CELADE and the United Nations Population Division
are life tables for five-year periods from 2000-2005 to
2045-2050. The future projection of the level of total
mortality is based on models that assume increasingly
small improvements in life expectancy at birth, as values

of this indicator rise. In addition, the mortality rates by
sex and age are obtained by interpolating current life
tables and a standard that is set as a goal, taking as pivots
for interpolation previously set life-expectancy-at-birth
figures. Since the projections are based on past experience
and since predictions have been made in respect of facts
that may be due to short-term or unforeseen factors, the
assumptions are monitored constantly, so that they are
updated frequently on the basis of fresh data obtained.
Table 9 presents various indicators that describe
succinctly the expected characteristics of mortality in
Latin America and in selected countries in the first half
of the twenty-first century. According to predictions, life
expectancy at birth will continue to rise at a slower pace,
which, in terms of an increase in years in this half century
will be equivalent to approximately one third of what
Table 9
LATIN AMERICA AND SELECTED COUNTRIES: FUTURE MORTALITY INDICATORS, 2000-2050
Indicator a
Latin America
Haiti
Brazil
Mexico
Uruguay
Chile
72.2
6.4
17.1
25.6
0.31
58.1
3.5
12.6
56.1
1.23
71.0
7.6
17.0
27.3
0.30
74.8
4.9
17.6
20.5
0.29
75.2
7.3
16.8
14.4
0.07
77.7
6.0
18.3
8.0
0.09
77.1
6.1
18.9
12.0
0.10
67.7
4.1
15.8
30.7
0.48
76.6
7.0
19.0
12.1
0.09
79.5
4.7
19.6
8.4
0.08
79.3
6.6
19.1
7.9
0.04
80.7
6.2
19.9
4.9
0.05
79.6
6.1
20.0
7.9
0.05
74.2
4.6
18.2
17.4
0.18
79.4
7.0
20.1
7.5
0.05
81.1
4.6
20.4
5.6
0.05
81.5
6.3
20.3
4.6
0.02
82.1
6.4
20.8
4.0
0.03
2000-2005
e(0)
e(0)M-e(0)F
e(65)
q(1) (per 1,000)
D(0-15)/D(65+)
2025-2030
e(0)
e(0)M-e(0)F
e(65)
q(1) (per 1,000)
D(0-15)/D(65+)
2045-2050
e(0)
e(0)M-e(0)F
e(65)
q(1) (per 1,000)
D(0-15)/D(65+)
a
e(0)- life expectancy at birth; M males; F- females; e(65)- life expectancy at 65 years; q(1) infant mortality rate; D(0-15)/D(65+) deaths of children under 15 years over
deaths of persons 65 years and over.
41
42
mortality profiles, which may be analysed using indicators

of the age structure of deaths. As for the impact that the
epidemiological transition will have an expected mortality,
figure 7 presents the percentage of deaths of persons 65
years and over in Latin America and selected countries,
during the past fifty years and the results obtained from
mortality and population projections. Table 9 illustrates the
process with an index that approximates the epidemiological
transition: the ratio of deaths of those under 15 to those
of persons over 65, in the region as a whole and in
selected countries. Both sets of data reveal the depth of
the change that occurred in the mortality structure, the
heterogeneous situation in the countries and the changes
still expected up to the middle of the century. The figure
reveals that in the 50 preceding years, deaths of persons
aged 65 and over in the region increased from 16% to
47% and are expected to reach 76.5% in the five-year
period 2045-2050.
Figure 7
LATIN AMERICA AND SELECTED COUNTRIES: PERCENTAGE
OF DEATHS OF ADULTS 65 AND OVER, 1950-2050
100
90
80
Percentage
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
Latin America
Bolivia
04
03
-2
40
20
20
30
-2
-2
Haiti
Chile
5
02
20
15
20
20
20
10
-
20
00
-2
00
019
9
019
8
19
9
19
8
19
70
019
6
19
6
019
5
-1
97
5
19
5
occurred in the past in a similar period. In this way, the

e(0) of the region in the middle of the century will attain
79.6 years and will exceed 80 years in countries that are
now in the low-mortality group. Since there has been a
steeper rise in countries with a lower e(0), the differences
in the regions are expected to be smaller, as may be seen
in the values in Chile (82 years) and Haiti (74 years).
The sex differential is predicted to remain relatively
stable in cases where the value is high, that is, more than
6 years, although it is suggested that, in some cases, there
may be slight increases or declines in the female advantage
(as in Chile and Uruguay). The countries that still have
a low sex differential and a relatively high mortality are
more likely to see this gap widen.
The reduction in infant mortality, traditionally the
main component in the decline in life expectancy at
birth, will continue to occur in countries where rates are
still relatively high (Haiti is the clearest case of countries
included in table 9). Since the assumption used for the
projection suggests that there will be larger increases
in life expectancy in this country and therefore the gap
with low-mortality countries will tend to diminish. Thus,
whereas in the five-year period 2000-2005, the infant
mortality rate was seven times higher in Haiti (56 per
1,000 live births) than in Chile (8 per 1,000), by the end
of the period of the projection it is expected to be only
four times as high. Even so, the gap between these two
countries will continue to be significant, bearing in mind
that the infant mortality rate in Haiti (17 per 1,000 live
births) in the middle of the twenty-first century is expected
be more than double Chiles current rate.
As mentioned in section III, the information on
mortality in old age casts further doubts on its quality
since it frequently leads to lower-than-expected estimates
for the countries of the region. In this regard, this would
also influence the indicators resulting from projections
for the future. According to table 9, life expectancy at
65 years in most countries should be close to 20 years in
2045-2050, approximately the level observed currently in
Japan, which implies a lag of almost 50 years. Thorough
investigations should be carried out into the quality of data
and methods of measuring mortality for this population,
as well as the factors that will determine future trends.
Possible advances in medicine should be taken into account
as well as the possibility of increased access to health
care, improved living conditions and changes in lifestyles,
both before and after the age of 65. Given the low levels
of mortality that affect young people and adults in their
prime, there is the expectation that older persons will be
those that benefit from the highest increases relating to
the duration of life.
These changes in mortality rates according to age,
together with population ageing will continue to alter
Mortality
Cuba

Division of ECLAC, Population estimates and projections, revision, 2007.
The selection of countries in different stages of the

epidemiological and demographic transition included in
figure 7 shows the wide disparity of experiences and the
major lags that still persist and are expected to persist
over the next 50 years. In Cuba, for example, the deaths
of persons aged 65 and over will account for 88% of
total deaths, compared with 57% in Haiti, which is at
the other extreme. This implies a lag between the two
countries of approximately three quarters of a century,
since in Cuba, that percentage was attained as early as
the period 1975-1980. Similar discrepancies exist within
countries, whether between different geographical areas
or between different socio-economic strata.
This information, together with the epidemiological
profile derived from the morbidity and cause-of-death
statistics, underscores the crucial need for health and
social-security reform in the countries of the region.

In most of them, this implies that the health sector will
need to cater to the demands of different sectors: indeed,
the intense demands of sectors in the early stages of
Mortalidad
epidemiological and demographic transitions still coexist,

and will continue to do so at least in the medium term,
with those of sectors that are in more advanced stages
of these processes.
Bibliography
Chackiel, J. (2004), La dinmica demogrfica en Amrica
Latina, serie Poblacin y desarrollo, N 52 (LC/L.2127-P),
Santiago, Chile, Economic Commission for Latin America
and the Caribbean (ECLAC). United Nations publication,
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(1999), Mortality in Latin America, Health and
Mortality Issues of Global Concern (ST/ESA/SER. R/152),
New York.
Dechter , A. and S. Preston (1991), Age misreporting and its
effects on adult mortality estimates in Latin America,
Population Bulletin of the United Nations, No. 31/32, New
York.
Del Popolo, F. (2000), Los problemas en la declaracin de la
edad de la poblacin adulta mayor en los censos, Poblacin
y desarrollo series, No. 8 (LC/L.1442-P/E), Santiago, Chile,
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ECLAC (Economic Commission for Latin America and the
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and the Caribbean/United Nations Childrens Fund) (2007),
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uneven progress requiring of responses, Challenges
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Frenk, J, R. Lozano and J.L. Bobadilla (1994), La transicin
epidemiolgica en Amrica Latina, Notas de poblacin,
No. 60, Santiago, Chile, Latin American and Caribbean
Demographic Centre (CELADE).
Garca, V. (1990), Mortalidad y caractersticas socioeconmicas

de la tercera edad: informe final del estudio experimental
efectuado en los cantones de Puriscal y Coronado, Series
OI, No. 1004, San Jos, Santiago, Chile, Latin American
and Caribbean Demographic Centre (CELADE).
Grushka, C. (1996), Adult and Old Age Mortality in Latin
America: Evaluation, Adjustments and a Debate Over a
Distinct Pattern, Ph.D. thesis, Philadelphia, University of
Pennsylvania.
OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and
Development) (2005), Health at a Glance: OECD Indicators
2005, Paris.
Prez Brignoli, H. (1993), Amrica Latina en la transicin
demogrfica, 1800-1980, La transicin demogrfica en
Amrica Latina y el Caribe, vol.1, Mxico. D.F.,
International Union for the Scientific Study of Population
(IUSSP)/Latin American and Caribbean Demographic
Centre (CELADE).
Rajs, D. y otros (1994), La mortalidad materna en Amrica
Latina y el Caribe, Notas de poblacin, No. 60 , Santiago,
Chile, Latin American and Caribbean Demographic Centre
(CELADE).
United Nations (1995), Population and Development.
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1, New York.
(1963), Population Bulletin of the United Nations,
No. 6 1962 (ST/SOA/Ser. N/6), New York.
43
Mortalidad
Cuadros / Tables
45
Mortalidad
Cuadro 1a / Table 1(a)
POBLACIN TOTAL DE LA REGIN, POR PASES Y TERRITORIOS

TOTAL POPULATION OF THE REGION, BY COUNTRY or TERRITORY
1950-2050
(En miles a mitad de ao / In thousands at midyear)
Pases o territorios / Country or territory
1950
1955
1960
1965
1970
1975
Total de la regin /
Regional total
167 626
192 031
220 188
252 881
287 579
324 873

Amrica Latina /
Latin America
161 328
185 238
212 791
244 787
278 922
315 682

Argentina
17 150
18 928
20 616
22 283
23 962
26 049
Bolivia
2 714
3 006
3 351
3 748
4 212
4 759
Brasil / Brazil
53 975
62 893
72 757
84 351
96 021
108 167
Chile
6 082
6 764
7 643
8 647
9 570
10 413
Colombia
12 568
14 523
16 841
19 554
22 501
25 302
Costa Rica
966
1 129
1 334
1 582
1 821
2 051
Cuba
5 920
6 540
7 141
7 950
8 710
9 432
Ecuador
3 387
3 862
4 439
5 144
5 970
6 907
El Salvador
1 951
2 224
2 578
3 012
3 598
4 120
Guatemala
3 146
3 619
4 140
4 736
5 419
6 204
Hait / Haiti
3 221
3 516
3 869
4 275
4 713
5 144
Honduras
1 487
1 718
2 003
2 353
2 691
3 107
Mxico / Mexico
27 741
32 253
37 877
44 406
52 028
60 713
Nicaragua
1 295
1 505
1 772
2 061
2 398
2 797
Panam / Panama
860
977
1 126
1 303
1 506
1 723
Paraguay
1 473
1 675
1 907
2 178
2 484
2 805
Per / Peru
7 633
8 672
9 931
11 467
13 193
15 161
Repblica Dominicana /
Dominican Republic
2 427
2 834
3 349
3 950
4 597
5 265
Uruguay
2 239
2 372
2 538
2 693
2 808
2 829
Venezuela (Rep. Bol. de) /
(Bol. Rep. of)
5 094
6 230
7 579
9 094
10 721
12 734

El Caribe / Caribbean
6 298
6 792
7 397
8 094
8 656
9 191

Antillas Neerlandesas /
Netherlands Antilles
112
123
135
146
159
166
Bahamas
79
89
110
141
170
189
Barbados
211
227
231
235
239
246
Belice / Belize
69
80
93
107
123
134
Dominica
51
58
59
61
65
68
Granada / Grenada
77
81
90
95
94
92
Guadalupe / Guadeloupe
210
236
275
300
320
329
Guayana Francesa/
French Guiana
26
29
33
40
48
56
Guyana
423
486
569
645
709
734
Jamaica
1 403
1 542
1 629
1 760
1 869
2 013
Martinica / Martinique
222
246
282
311
326
329
Puerto Rico
2 218
2 250
2 360
2 583
2 716
2 939
Santa Luca / Saint Lucia
83
87
90
96
104
110
Suriname
215
250
290
332
372
365
Trinidad y Tabago /
Trinidad and Tobago
636
721
843
896
971
1 012
Otros / Others a
264
290
311
344
371
412
1980
364 431
354 693
28 094
5 355
121 672
11 174
28 356
2 347
9 823
7 961
4 586
7 013
5 691
3 635
69 325
3 249
1 949
3 198
17 325
5 935
2 914
15 091
9 738
174
210
249
144
73
89
327
68
761
2 133
326
3 197
118
356
1 082
432
Comprende Anguila, Antigua y Barbuda, Aruba, Islas Caimn, Islas Malvinas (Falkland), Islas Turcas y Caicos, Islas Vrgenes Britnicas y de los Estados Unidos, Montserrat, Saint Kitts y Nevis
y San Vicente y las Granadinas. /
a Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Aruba, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Falkland Islands (Malvinas), Montserrat, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Turks and
Caicos Islands, and United States Virgin Islands.
47
Mortality
Cuadro 1a (continuacin 1) / Table 1(a) (continued 1)

TOTAL POPULATION OF THE REGION, BY COUNTRY OR TERRITORY
1950-2050
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
2015
Total de la regin /
Regional total
404 550
444 445
484 214
523 469
558 818
595 068
629 350
Amrica Latina /
Latin America
394 192
433 664
472 906
511 727
546 657
582 554
616 525
Argentina
30 305
32 581
34 779
36 784
38 592
40 519
Bolivia
5 964
6 669
7 482
8 428
9 427
10 426
Brasil / Brazil
136 178
149 690
162 019
174 719
187 601
199 992
Chile
12 102
13 179
14 395
15 398
16 267
17 094
Colombia
31 564
34 875
38 259
41 661
44 907
47 859
Costa Rica
2 697
3 076
3 475
3 925
4 322
4 695
Cuba
10 086
10 605
10 930
11 129
11 242
11 236
Ecuador
9 099
10 272
11 396
12 297
13 211
14 200
El Salvador
4 769
5 110
5 669
6 276
6 874
7 453
Guatemala
7 935
8 908
10 004
11 225
12 700
14 362
Hait / Haiti
6 388
7 108
7 836
8 576
9 292
10 085
Honduras
4 236
4 901
5 589
6 231
6 893
7 614
Mxico / Mexico
76 826
84 002
91 823
99 684
104 159
110 056
Nicaragua
3 709
4 137
4 658
5 098
5 450
5 816
Panam / Panama
2 176
2 411
2 670
2 948
3 228
3 497
Paraguay
3 702
4 248
4 799
5 346
5 899
6 451
Per / Peru
19 523
21 762
23 858
25 650
27 254
28 861
Dominican Republic
6 609
7 296
8 014
8 740
9 465
10 169
Uruguay
3 009
3 106
3 218
3 314
3 318
3 363
(Bol. Rep. of)
17 317
19 731
22 034
24 296
26 556
28 807

10 358
10 781
11 309
11 742
12 161
12 513

182
191
191
181
186
199
Bahamas
233
255
280
303
323
343
Barbados
260
271
280
286
292
297
Belice / Belize
163
186
214
245
276
306
Dominica
72
69
69
68
68
67
Granada / Grenada
100
96
98
100
105
105
355
391
406
421
438
454
Guayana Francesa/
French Guiana
88
116
139
165
192
217
Guyana
754
731
739
734
740
731
Jamaica
2 297
2 369
2 485
2 589
2 683
2 756
341
360
375
386
396
402
Puerto Rico
3 378
3 528
3 697
3 834
3 947
4 056
127
138
146
153
161
171
Suriname
383
402
416
436
453
465
Trinidad y Tabago /
Trinidad and Tobago
1 179
1 224
1 270
1 301
1 324
1 348
Otros / Others a
447
455
504
538
579
598
42 403
11 411
211 284
17 865
50 666
5 022
11 226
15 195
8 011
16 176
10 912
8 353
115 288
6 180
3 752
7 003
30 526
10 846
3 419
30 988
12 825
205
363
300
335
67
106
465
242
715
2 819
404
4 160
180
475
1 374
615
48
Mortalidad
Cuadro 1a (conclusin) / Table 1(a) (conclusion)

TOTAL POPULATION OF THE REGION, BY COUNTRY OR TERRITORY
1950-2050
2020
2025
2030
2035
2040
2045
2050
Total de la regin /
Regional total
661 149
690 117
715 625
736 805
753 890
766 701
775 631
Amrica Latina /
Latin America
648 060
676 829
702 220
723 380
740 533
753 480
762 603
44 163
12 363
221 450
18 549
53 298
5 314
11 212
16 189
8 585
18 055
11 743
9 080
119 808
6 519
3 995
7 544
32 181
45 732
13 269
230 516
19 129
55 696
5 568
11 166
17 108
9 137
19 962
12 557
9 772
123 784
6 828
4 220
8 060
33 765
47 074
14 115
238 327
19 587
57 784
5 779
11 077
17 941
9 652
21 804
13 350
10 414
127 211
7 109
4 425
8 544
35 197
48 177
14 891
244 671
19 914
59 481
5 949
10 919
18 666
10 123
23 546
14 117
10 993
129 716
7 356
4 604
8 988
36 463
49 150
15 588
249 758
20 110
60 811
6 078
10 685
19 280
10 540
25 164
14 848
11 502
131 306
7 573
4 753
9 390
37 532
49 972
16 204
253 549
20 195
61 790
6 166
10 352
19 781
10 895
26 632
15 530
11 970
131 894
7 765
4 869
9 749
38 375
50 604
16 734
256 160
20 205
62 446
6 221
9 957
20 187
11 178
27 929
16 150
12 396
131 586
7 933
4 959
10 063
39 036
11 494
3 483
12 093
3 552
12 625
3 611
13 083
3 659
13 465
3 695
13 777
3 717
14 023
3 731
33 038
34 915
36 595
38 063
39 305
40 297
41 107
13 089
13 288
13 405
13 425
13 358
13 221
13 028
Argentina
Bolivia
Brasil / Brazil
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cuba
Ecuador
El Salvador
Guatemala
Hait / Haiti
Honduras
Mxico / Mexico
Nicaragua
Panam / Panama
Paraguay
Per / Peru
Dominican Republic
Uruguay
(Bol. Rep. of)
207
207
206
202
198
193
Bahamas
381
397
412
425
435
443
Barbados
303
303
301
297
290
281
Belice / Belize
363
389
413
435
454
472
Dominica
68
69
69
69
69
68
Granada / Grenada
107
108
107
106
103
99
474
481
485
485
483
477
Guayana Francesa/
French Guiana
267
293
319
343
365
386
Guyana
700
683
660
626
581
530
Jamaica
2 872
2 908
2 924
2 916
2 885
2 833
405
404
400
392
381
367
Puerto Rico
4 252
4 328
4 383
4 414
4 426
4 428
188
195
201
207
211
214
Suriname
480
482
481
474
463
446
Trinidad y Tabago /
Trinidad and Tobago
1 393
1 401
1 400
1 390
1 375
1 353
Otros / Others a
629
638
644
644
640
632
186
449
272
487
67
95
468
406
477
2 763
350
4 422
216
426
1 325
620
49
Mortality
Cuadro 1b / Table 1(b)
POBLACIN TOTAL DE LA REGIN, POR PASES Y TERRITORIOS Y por AOS CALENDARIO

TOTAL POPULATION OF THE REGION, BY COUNTRY OR TERRITORY AND CALENDAR YEAR
2005-2015
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
Total de la regin /
Regional total
558 818
566 042
573 348
580 666
587 929
595 068
Amrica Latina /
Latin America
546 657
553 805
561 039
568 288
575 483
582 554
Argentina
Bolivia
Brasil / Brazil
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cuba
Ecuador
El Salvador
Guatemala
Hait / Haiti
Honduras
Mxico / Mexico
Nicaragua
Panam / Panama
Paraguay
Per / Peru
Repblica Dominicana / Dominican Republic
Uruguay
Venezuela (Rep. Bol. de) / (Bol. Rep. of)
38 592
9 427
187 601
16 267
44 907
4 322
11 242
13 211
6 874
12 700
9 292
6 893
104 159
5 450
3 228
5 899
27 254
9 465
3 318
26 556
38 971
9 627
190 128
16 436
45 518
4 399
11 249
13 404
6 991
13 018
9 445
7 033
105 258
5 523
3 283
6 009
27 574
9 608
3 324
27 008
39 356
9 828
192 645
16 604
46 116
4 475
11 248
13 601
7 108
13 344
9 602
7 176
106 448
5 596
3 337
6 120
27 894
9 750
3 332
27 460
39 746
10 028
195 138
16 770
46 703
4 550
11 244
13 801
7 224
13 677
9 762
7 322
107 677
5 669
3 391
6 230
28 214
9 890
3 342
27 912
40 134
10 227
197 592
16 933
47 282
4 623
11 239
14 001
7 339
14 017
9 923
7 468
108 896
5 742
3 444
6 341
28 536
10 030
3 352
28 362
40 519
10 426
199 992
17 094
47 859
4 695
11 236
14 200
7 453
14 362
10 085
7 614
110 056
5 816
3 497
6 451
28 861
10 169
3 363
28 807
12 161
12 237
12 309
12 379
12 447
12 513
186
323
292
276
68
105
438
192
740
2 683
396
3 947
161
453
1 324
579
189
327
293
282
68
106
442
197
739
2 699
397
3 969
163
455
1 329
584
191
331
294
288
67
106
445
202
738
2 714
399
3 991
165
458
1 333
588
194
335
295
294
67
106
448
207
736
2 728
400
4 013
167
461
1 338
591
197
339
296
300
67
105
451
212
734
2 742
401
4 034
169
463
1 343
594
199
343
297
306
67
105
454
217
731
2 756
402
4 056
171
465
1 348
598
Antillas Neerlandesas / Netherlands Antilles
Bahamas
Barbados
BelIce / Belize
Dominica
Granada / Grenada
Guayana Francesa/ French Guiana
Guyana
Jamaica
Puerto Rico
Suriname
Trinidad y Tabago / Trinidad and Tobago
Otros / Others a
a
y San Vicente y las Granadinas./
50
Mortalidad
Cuadro 1b (conclusin) / Table 1(b) (conclusion)
POBLACIN TOTAL DE LA REGIN, POR PASES Y TERRITORIOS Y por AOS CALENDARIO

TOTAL POPULATION OF THE REGION, BY COUNTRY or territory AND CALENDAR YEAR
2005-2015
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
Total de la regin /
Regional total
595 068
602 090
609 041
615 910
622 684
629 350
Amrica Latina /
Latin America
582 554
589 511
596 398
603 204
609 917
616 525
Argentina
Bolivia
Brasil / Brazil
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cuba
Ecuador
El Salvador
Guatemala
Hait / Haiti
Honduras
Mxico / Mexico
Nicaragua
Panam / Panama
Paraguay
Per / Peru
Repblica Dominicana / Dominican Republic
Uruguay
Venezuela (Rep. Bol. de) / (Bol. Rep. of)
40 519
10 426
199 992
17 094
47 859
4 695
11 236
14 200
7 453
14 362
10 085
7 614
110 056
5 816
3 497
6 451
28 861
10 169
3 363
28 807
40 901
10 625
202 338
17 253
48 432
4 764
11 234
14 399
7 566
14 714
10 248
7 761
111 156
5 889
3 549
6 562
29 191
10 306
3 373
29 250
41 282
10 823
204 642
17 411
49 001
4 830
11 232
14 598
7 677
15 073
10 413
7 909
112 231
5 963
3 600
6 673
29 523
10 443
3 384
29 691
41 660
11 020
206 901
17 566
49 563
4 896
11 231
14 797
7 787
15 438
10 579
8 058
113 278
6 036
3 651
6 783
29 858
10 578
3 395
30 128
42 035
11 216
209 115
17 718
50 118
4 959
11 229
14 996
7 898
15 807
10 746
8 206
114 298
6 109
3 702
6 894
30 192
10 713
3 407
30 561
42 403
11 411
211 284
17 865
50 666
5 022
11 226
15 195
8 011
16 176
10 912
8 353
115 288
6 180
3 752
7 003
30 526
10 846
3 419
30 988
12 513
12 579
12 643
12 706
12 767
12 825
199
343
297
306
67
105
454
217
731
2 756
402
4 056
171
465
1 348
598
201
347
297
312
67
105
456
222
729
2 769
402
4 077
172
468
1 354
601
202
351
298
318
67
106
459
227
726
2 782
403
4 099
174
470
1 359
605
203
355
299
323
67
106
461
232
722
2 795
404
4 120
176
471
1 364
608
204
359
300
329
67
106
463
237
719
2 807
404
4 140
178
473
1 369
612
205
363
300
335
67
106
465
242
715
2 819
404
4 160
180
475
1 374
615
Antillas Neerlandesas / Netherlands Antilles
Bahamas
Barbados
BelIce / Belize
Dominica
Granada / Grenada
Guayana Francesa/ French Guiana
Guyana
Jamaica
Puerto Rico
Suriname
Trinidad y Tabago / Trinidad and Tobago
Otros / Others a
a
51
Mortality
Cuadro 2 / Table 2
AMRICA LATINA: TASAS DE CRECIMIENTO TOTAL ESTIMADAS, POR QUINQUENIOS Y PASES

LATIN AMERICA: ESTIMATED TOTAL GROWTH RATES, BY FIVE-YEAR PERIOD AND COUNTRY
1950-2050
(Por mil / per thousand)
Pases / Country

1950-
1955
1955-
1960
1960-
1965
1965-
1970
1970-
1975
1975-
1980
1980-
1985
1985-
1990
1990-
1995
19952000
Amrica Latina /
Latin America
27.6
27.7
28.0
26.1
24.8
23.3
21.1
19.1
17.3
15.8
Argentina
19.7
17.1
15.6
14.5
16.7
15.1
15.2
14.5
13.1
Bolivia
20.4
21.8
22.4
23.3
24.4
23.6
21.5
22.3
23.0
Brasil / Brazil
30.6
29.1
29.6
25.9
23.8
23.5
22.5
18.9
15.8
Chile
21.3
24.4
24.7
20.3
16.9
14.1
16.0
17.0
17.6
Colombia
28.9
29.6
29.9
28.1
23.5
22.8
21.4
19.9
18.5
Costa Rica
31.2
33.3
34.2
28.1
23.8
27.0
27.8
26.3
24.4
Cuba
19.9
17.6
21.5
18.3
15.9
8.1
5.3
10.0
6.0
Ecuador
26.2
27.8
29.5
29.8
29.2
28.4
26.7
24.2
20.8
El Salvador
26.2
29.6
31.1
35.6
27.1
21.4
7.8
13.8
20.7
Guatemala
28.0
26.9
26.9
26.9
27.1
24.5
24.7
23.1
23.2
Hait / Haiti
17.5
19.1
19.9
19.5
17.5
20.2
23.1
21.4
19.5
Honduras
28.9
30.6
32.2
26.9
28.8
31.4
30.6
29.2
26.2
Mxico / Mexico
30.1
32.1
31.8
31.7
30.9
26.5
20.6
17.9
17.8
Nicaragua
30.1
32.6
30.2
30.3
30.8
30.0
26.4
21.8
23.7
Panam / Panama
25.5
28.4
29.1
29.1
26.9
24.7
21.9
20.6
20.4
Paraguay
25.6
26.0
26.6
26.4
24.3
26.2
29.3
27.5
24.4
Per / Peru
25.5
27.1
28.8
28.0
27.8
26.7
23.9
21.7
18.4
Dominican Republic
31.0
33.4
33.0
30.3
27.1
23.9
21.5
19.8
18.8
Uruguay
11.6
13.5
11.9
8.4
1.4
5.9
6.4
6.3
7.1
(Bol. Rep. of)
40.3
39.2
36.4
32.9
34.4
34.0
27.5
26.1
22.1
11.2
23.8
15.1
13.5
17.0
24.4
3.6
15.2
20.4
23.0
18.1
21.8
16.4
18.1
19.8
21.6
14.5
17.4
5.9
19.5
Pases / Country

2000-
2005
2005-
2010
2010-
2015
2015-
2020
2020-
2025
2025-
2030
2030-
2035
2035-
2040
2040-
2045
Amrica Latina /
Latin America
13.2
12.7
11.3
10.0
8.7
7.4
5.9
4.7
3.5
2.4
Argentina
9.6
9.7
9.1
8.1
7.0
5.8
4.6
4.0
3.3
Bolivia
22.4
20.1
18.1
16.0
14.1
12.4
10.7
9.2
7.8
Brasil / Brazil
14.2
12.8
11.0
9.4
8.0
6.7
5.3
4.1
3.0
Chile
11.0
9.9
8.8
7.5
6.2
4.7
3.3
2.0
0.8
Colombia
15.0
12.7
11.4
10.1
8.8
7.4
5.8
4.4
3.2
Costa Rica
19.2
16.6
13.5
11.3
9.4
7.4
5.8
4.3
2.9
Cuba
2.0
-0.1
-0.2
-0.3
-0.8
-1.6
-2.9
-4.3
-6.3
Ecuador
14.4
14.4
13.5
12.7
11.1
9.5
7.9
6.5
5.1
El Salvador
18.2
16.2
14.4
13.9
12.4
11.0
9.5
8.1
6.6
Guatemala
24.7
24.6
23.8
22.0
20.1
17.6
15.4
13.3
11.3
Hait / Haiti
16.0
16.4
15.8
14.7
13.4
12.2
11.2
10.1
9.0
Honduras
20.2
19.9
18.5
16.7
14.7
12.7
10.8
9.1
8.0
Mxico / Mexico
8.8
11.0
9.3
7.7
6.5
5.5
3.9
2.4
0.9
Nicaragua
13.4
13.0
12.2
10.7
9.3
8.1
6.8
5.8
5.0
Panam / Panama
18.2
16.0
14.1
12.5
11.0
9.5
7.9
6.4
4.8
Paraguay
19.7
17.9
16.4
14.9
13.2
11.7
10.1
8.8
7.5
Per / Peru
12.1
11.5
11.2
10.6
9.6
8.3
7.1
5.8
4.4
Dominican Republic
15.9
14.3
12.9
11.6
10.2
8.6
7.1
5.8
4.6
Uruguay
0.2
2.7
3.3
3.7
4.0
3.3
2.7
1.9
1.2
(Bol. Rep. of)
17.8
16.3
14.6
12.8
11.1
9.4
7.9
6.4
5.0
2.5
6.4
2.1
0.1
2.1
1.8
-7.8
4.1
5.1
9.5
7.8
7.0
-0.5
4.3
3.6
6.4
3.4
52
20452050
3.5
0.7
4.0
Mortalidad
Cuadro 3 / Table 3
AMRICA LATINA: TASAS GLOBALES DE FECUNDIDAD ESTIMADAS, POR QUINQUENIOS Y PASES

LATIN AMERICA: ESTIMATED TOTAL FERTILITY RATES, BY FIVE-YEAR PERIOD AND COUNTRY
1950-2050
(Hijos por mujer / children per woman)
Pases / Country

1950-
1955
1955-
1960
1960-
1965
1965-
1970
1970-
1975
1975-
1980
1980-
1985
1985-
1990
1990-
1995
19952000
Amrica Latina /
Latin America
6.63
6.65
6.72
6.32
5.86
5.31
4.65
3.96
3.43
3.04
Argentina
Bolivia
Brasil / Brazil
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cuba
Ecuador
El Salvador
Guatemala
Hait / Haiti
Honduras
Mxico / Mexico
Nicaragua
Panam / Panama
Paraguay
Per / Peru
Dominican Republic
Uruguay
(Bol. Rep. of)
3.15
6.75
6.15
4.95
6.76
6.72
4.15
6.70
6.46
7.00
6.30
7.50
6.70
7.20
5.68
6.50
6.85
3.13
6.75
6.15
5.49
6.76
7.11
3.70
6.70
6.81
6.60
6.30
7.50
6.80
7.50
5.89
6.50
6.85
3.09
6.63
6.15
5.44
6.76
7.22
4.68
6.70
6.85
6.50
6.30
7.42
6.75
7.10
5.92
6.45
6.85
3.05
6.56
5.38
4.44
6.18
5.80
4.30
6.50
6.62
6.30
6.00
7.42
6.75
6.95
5.62
6.15
6.56
3.15
6.50
4.72
3.63
5.00
4.35
3.60
6.00
6.10
6.20
5.60
7.05
6.50
6.79
4.94
5.35
6.00
3.44
5.80
4.31
2.80
4.34
3.78
2.15
5.40
5.60
6.20
5.80
6.60
5.25
6.35
4.05
5.20
5.38
3.15
5.30
3.80
2.67
3.69
3.53
1.85
4.70
4.50
6.10
6.21
6.00
4.25
5.85
3.52
5.20
4.65
3.05
5.00
3.10
2.65
3.17
3.37
1.85
4.00
3.90
5.70
5.70
5.37
3.63
5.00
3.20
4.77
4.10
2.90
4.80
2.60
2.55
2.93
2.95
1.65
3.40
3.52
5.45
5.15
4.92
3.19
4.50
2.87
4.31
3.70
2.63
4.32
2.45
2.21
2.70
2.58
1.61
3.10
3.17
5.00
4.62
4.30
2.67
3.60
2.79
3.88
3.10
7.60
2.73
7.64
2.83
7.35
2.90
6.65
2.80
5.71
3.00
4.76
2.89
4.00
2.57
3.47
2.53
3.20
2.49
3.05
2.30
6.46
6.46
6.66
5.90
4.94
4.47
3.96
3.65
3.25
2.94
Pases / Country

2000-
2005
2005-
2010
2010-
2015
2015-
2020
2020-
2025
2025-
2030
2030-
2035
2035-
2040
2040-
2045
20452050
Amrica Latina /
Latin America
2.76
2.53
2.34
2.19
2.08
2.00
1.92
1.87
1.84
1.82
2.35
3.96
2.35
2.00
2.47
2.28
1.63
2.82
2.88
4.60
4.00
3.72
2.40
3.00
2.70
3.48
2.70
2.25
3.50
2.25
1.94
2.22
2.01
1.49
2.58
2.68
4.15
3.54
3.31
2.21
2.76
2.56
3.08
2.51
2.16
3.09
2.15
1.89
2.09
1.94
1.54
2.38
2.51
3.71
3.19
2.95
2.04
2.55
2.41
2.76
2.37
2.08
2.75
2.06
1.85
2.00
1.85
1.64
2.22
2.37
3.29
2.91
2.66
1.89
2.37
2.29
2.51
2.25
2.00
2.47
1.98
1.85
1.94
1.85
1.64
2.10
2.26
2.92
2.69
2.42
1.85
2.23
2.19
2.33
2.15
1.92
2.26
1.92
1.85
1.90
1.85
1.64
2.01
2.15
2.61
2.52
2.22
1.85
2.12
2.09
2.20
2.06
1.85
2.10
1.86
1.85
1.87
1.85
1.64
1.95
2.07
2.34
2.38
2.04
1.85
2.02
2.01
2.10
1.99
1.85
1.98
1.85
1.85
1.85
1.85
1.64
1.89
1.99
2.14
2.26
1.90
1.85
1.95
1.94
2.04
1.92
1.85
1.90
1.85
1.85
1.85
1.85
1.64
1.85
1.92
1.97
2.16
1.85
1.85
1.89
1.88
1.99
1.86
1.85
1.85
1.85
1.85
1.85
1.85
1.64
1.85
1.86
1.85
2.07
1.85
1.85
1.85
1.85
1.96
1.85
2.95
2.20
2.81
2.12
2.66
2.03
2.51
1.96
2.35
1.89
2.19
1.85
2.06
1.85
1.96
1.85
1.89
1.85
1.85
1.85
2.72
2.55
2.39
2.26
2.15
2.05
1.97
1.91
1.85
1.85
Argentina
Bolivia
Brasil / Brazil
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cuba
Ecuador
El Salvador
Guatemala
Hait / Haiti
Honduras
Mxico / Mexico
Nicaragua
Panam / Panama
Paraguay
Per / Peru
Dominican Republic
Uruguay
(Bol. Rep. of)
53
Mortality
Cuadro 4/ Table 4
AMRICA LATINA: TASAS BRUTAS DE NATALIDAD ESTIMADAS, POR QUINQUENIOS Y PASES

LATIN AMERICA: ESTIMATED CRUDE BIRTH RATES, BY FIVE-YEAR PERIOD AND COUNTRY
1950-2050
Pases / Country

1950-
1955
1955-
1960
1960-
1965
1965-
1970
1970-
1975
1975-
1980
1980-
1985
1985-
1990
1990-
1995
19952000
Amrica Latina /
Latin America
42.8
41.9
41.1
38.1
35.5
33.2
30.8
27.9
25.4
23.3
Argentina
Bolivia
Brasil / Brazil
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cuba
Ecuador
El Salvador
Guatemala
Hait / Haiti
Honduras
Mxico / Mexico
Nicaragua
Panam / Panama
Paraguay
Per / Peru
Dominican Republic
Uruguay
(Bol. Rep. of)
25.4
47.0
44.0
36.1
47.4
44.6
31.6
45.5
48.1
50.3
45.7
52.1
48.0
55.0
39.9
44.2
47.1
24.3
46.8
43.0
38.9
45.3
45.1
28.4
44.7
48.8
47.1
44.6
51.1
46.8
54.3
40.5
42.6
46.8
23.2
45.9
42.1
37.7
44.0
44.3
35.4
44.1
47.5
46.0
43.5
49.5
44.7
48.6
40.4
41.2
46.3
22.6
45.4
36.9
31.3
40.8
36.3
31.6
42.8
45.6
44.7
40.7
48.4
43.8
46.4
39.0
39.5
43.6
23.4
45.2
33.7
27.3
34.6
30.5
26.5
40.6
42.7
44.0
38.2
45.9
42.6
46.3
35.6
35.6
40.5
25.7
41.0
32.5
23.0
32.6
30.1
17.4
38.2
40.2
43.5
40.0
44.5
36.5
45.2
31.0
36.1
38.0
23.1
38.4
30.8
23.4
29.8
30.0
16.5
34.8
33.6
42.2
42.8
42.3
31.8
42.9
28.6
37.3
33.7
22.2
36.9
26.3
23.6
27.7
28.9
17.6
30.9
30.7
39.6
39.1
39.5
29.0
38.2
27.3
34.9
31.2
21.2
35.8
22.6
21.9
26.1
24.7
15.2
27.5
29.6
38.9
35.5
37.2
27.1
35.4
25.1
32.0
29.2
19.7
32.7
21.6
18.0
23.6
21.5
13.1
25.6
27.7
37.3
32.7
33.5
23.7
30.1
24.1
29.3
25.4
52.8
21.2
52.8
21.9
49.8
21.9
44.8
20.5
39.7
21.1
35.3
20.2
32.1
18.4
29.7
18.2
28.2
18.2
26.7
17.0
46.4
44.8
45.0
40.1
35.1
34.2
32.0
30.3
26.9
24.5
Pases / Country

2000-
2005
2005-
2010
2010-
2015
2015-
2020
2020-
2025
2025-
2030
2030-
2035
2035-
2040
2040-
2045
20452050
Amrica Latina /
Latin America
21.6
20.0
18.4
16.9
15.8
14.8
13.8
13.1
12.5
12.0
18.0
30.5
20.6
15.8
21.2
19.1
12.0
23.3
25.3
35.8
29.8
30.1
21.4
26.3
22.7
26.9
22.2
17.5
27.7
19.2
15.1
18.8
17.8
10.4
21.4
23.1
33.3
27.8
27.8
19.2
24.9
20.9
24.8
20.9
16.8
25.1
17.5
14.5
17.4
16.3
10.1
19.7
21.2
30.5
26.0
25.5
17.1
23.2
19.1
22.8
19.8
15.8
22.7
16.1
13.8
16.3
15.0
10.2
18.2
19.6
27.7
24.1
23.2
15.4
21.0
17.8
20.9
18.4
14.7
20.6
15.0
13.1
15.3
14.1
9.6
16.8
18.3
25.1
22.2
20.9
14.4
18.9
16.8
19.3
16.9
13.7
18.8
14.1
12.4
14.3
13.3
8.9
15.7
17.0
22.6
20.4
18.7
13.7
17.2
15.7
17.8
15.6
12.9
17.1
13.2
11.8
13.4
12.5
8.4
14.6
15.8
20.3
18.9
16.9
12.8
15.9
14.7
16.6
14.5
12.6
15.7
12.7
11.4
12.7
11.9
8.1
13.6
14.7
18.3
17.6
15.2
12.0
14.7
13.7
15.6
13.6
12.2
14.6
12.2
11.2
12.2
11.5
7.9
12.8
13.7
16.5
16.4
14.3
11.4
13.8
12.9
14.7
12.8
11.9
13.6
11.8
11.0
11.8
11.1
7.9
12.4
12.9
14.9
15.3
13.7
10.9
12.9
12.4
14.0
12.4
25.2
16.0
23.5
15.1
21.9
14.4
20.5
13.8
19.1
13.2
17.5
12.6
16.2
12.2
15.1
11.8
14.2
11.5
13.4
11.2
22.9
21.5
19.9
18.3
16.9
15.7
14.7
13.8
12.9
12.5
Argentina
Bolivia
Brasil / Brazil
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cuba
Ecuador
El Salvador
Guatemala
Hait / Haiti
Honduras
Mxico / Mexico
Nicaragua
Panam / Panama
Paraguay
Per / Peru
Dominican Republic
Uruguay
(Bol. Rep. of)
54
Mortalidad
Cuadro 5/ Table 5
AMRICA LATINA: ESPERANZA DE VIDA AL NACER ESTIMADA, POR QUINQUENIOS Y PASES

LATIN AMERICA: ESTIMATED LIFE EXPECTANCY AT BIRTH, BY FIVE-YEAR PERIOD AND COUNTRY
1950-2050
Ambos sexos / Both sexes
Pases / Country

1950-
1955
1955-
1960
1960-
1965
1965-
1970
1970-
1975
1975-
1980
1980-
1985
1985-
1990
1990-
1995
Amrica Latina /
Latin America
51.8
54.7
57.1
59.1
61.2
63.4
65.4
67.3
69.1

Argentina
62.7
64.7
65.5
66.0
67.4
68.8
70.2
71.0
72.1
Bolivia
40.4
41.9
43.5
45.1
46.7
50.1
53.9
57.3
60.0
Brasil / Brazil
51.0
53.4
55.9
57.9
59.8
61.8
63.6
65.5
67.5
Chile
54.8
56.2
58.1
60.6
63.6
67.2
70.7
72.7
74.3
Colombia
50.6
55.1
57.9
60.0
61.7
64.0
66.8
68.0
68.7
Costa Rica
57.3
60.1
63.0
65.6
68.1
71.0
73.8
75.2
76.2
Cuba
59.5
62.4
65.4
68.6
71.0
73.1
74.2
74.6
74.8
Ecuador
48.4
51.4
54.7
56.8
58.9
61.4
64.5
67.5
70.0
El Salvador
45.3
48.6
52.3
55.9
58.3
57.1
57.1
63.4
67.1
Guatemala
42.0
44.2
47.0
50.1
53.9
56.2
58.3
60.9
63.6
Hait / Haiti
37.6
40.7
43.6
46.2
48.0
50.0
51.5
53.6
55.2
Honduras
41.8
44.6
48.0
51.0
54.1
57.7
61.6
65.4
67.7
Mxico / Mexico
50.7
55.2
58.5
60.3
62.6
65.3
67.7
69.8
71.8
Nicaragua
42.3
45.4
48.6
51.9
55.2
57.6
59.5
62.2
66.1
Panam / Panama
55.3
59.3
62.0
64.3
66.5
69.0
70.8
71.9
72.9
Paraguay
62.6
63.2
64.4
65.0
65.9
66.5
67.1
67.6
68.5
Per / Peru
43.9
46.3
49.1
51.5
55.5
58.5
61.5
64.4
66.7
Dominican Republic
46.0
50.0
53.6
57.0
59.9
62.1
64.1
66.6
69.1
Uruguay
66.3
67.2
68.4
68.6
68.8
69.6
71.0
72.1
73.0
(Bol. Rep. of)
55.2
58.1
61.0
63.8
66.1
67.7
68.8
70.5
71.5
Pases / Country

2000-
2005
2005-
2010
2010-
2015
2015-
2020
2020-
2025
2025-
2030
2030-
2035
2035-
2040
2040-
2045
Amrica Latina /
Latin America
72.2
73.4
74.5
75.5
76.3
77.1
77.8
78.5
79.0

Argentina
74.3
75.2
76.1
77.0
77.7
78.4
79.1
79.7
80.2
Bolivia
63.8
65.5
67.2
68.7
70.2
71.7
73.0
74.2
75.4
Brasil / Brazil
71.0
72.4
73.5
74.7
75.7
76.5
77.4
78.1
78.8
Chile
77.7
78.5
79.1
79.7
80.2
80.7
81.1
81.5
81.8
Colombia
71.6
72.8
73.9
74.8
75.7
76.6
77.3
78.0
78.5
Costa Rica
78.1
78.8
79.4
79.9
80.4
80.8
81.2
81.5
81.8
Cuba
77.1
78.2
79.1
79.8
80.3
80.8
81.3
81.8
82.3
Ecuador
74.2
75.0
75.8
76.5
77.2
77.8
78.4
79.0
79.5
El Salvador
70.6
71.8
72.8
73.9
74.8
75.7
76.6
77.3
78.0
Guatemala
68.9
70.2
71.4
72.5
73.6
74.6
75.5
76.4
77.2
Hait / Haiti
58.1
60.6
62.5
64.2
65.8
67.7
69.8
71.5
72.9
Honduras
71.0
72.1
73.1
74.0
74.9
75.7
76.5
77.3
78.1
Mxico / Mexico
74.8
76.1
77.2
78.1
78.9
79.5
80.0
80.5
80.8
Nicaragua
70.8
72.9
74.5
75.7
76.7
77.2
77.7
78.0
78.2
Panam / Panama
74.7
75.6
76.3
77.1
77.7
78.4
79.0
79.5
80.0
Paraguay
70.8
71.8
72.8
73.7
74.5
75.3
75.8
76.3
76.8
Per / Peru
69.9
71.4
72.7
73.8
74.7
75.6
76.3
77.0
77.6
Dominican Republic
71.2
72.2
73.2
74.1
74.9
75.7
76.3
76.8
77.3
Uruguay
75.2
76.2
77.1
77.9
78.6
79.3
79.9
80.5
81.0
(Bol. Rep. of)
72.8
73.8
74.7
75.5
76.3
77.1
77.8
78.4
79.0
19952000
70.8
73.2
62.0
69.4
75.7
70.3
77.3
76.2
72.3
69.4
66.3
56.9
69.8
73.6
68.4
73.8
69.4
68.4
70.1
74.1
72.2
20452050
79.6
80.7
76.4
79.4
82.1
79.0
82.0
82.8
80.0
78.7
77.9
74.2
78.6
81.1
78.3
80.4
77.3
78.2
77.8
81.5
79.5
55
Mortality
Cuadro 5 (continuacin 1)/ Table 5 (continued 1)

1950-2050
Hombres / Males
Pases / Country

1950-
1955
1955-
1960
1960-
1965
1965-
1970
1970-
1975
1975-
1980
1980-
1985
1985-
1990
1990-
1995
19952000
Amrica Latina /
Latin America
50.1
52.8
55.2
57.1
58.9
60.9
62.4
64.2
65.9
67.7
Argentina
Bolivia
Brasil / Brazil
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cuba
Ecuador
El Salvador
Guatemala
Hait / Haiti
Honduras
Mxico / Mexico
Nicaragua
Panam / Panama
Paraguay
Per / Peru
Dominican Republic
Uruguay
(Bol. Rep. of)
60.4
38.5
49.3
52.9
49.0
56.0
57.8
47.1
44.1
41.8
36.3
40.5
48.9
40.9
54.4
60.7
42.9
62.1
39.9
51.6
53.8
53.5
58.8
60.8
50.1
47.3
43.7
39.4
43.0
53.3
44.1
58.4
61.3
45.1
62.5
41.4
54.0
55.3
56.2
61.6
63.8
53.4
50.8
46.2
42.3
46.3
56.4
47.3
60.9
62.5
47.8
62.8
43.0
55.9
57.6
58.3
63.9
67.0
55.4
54.1
49.0
44.9
49.2
58.2
50.5
63.1
63.1
50.1
64.1
44.6
57.6
60.5
59.7
66.1
69.4
57.4
56.1
52.4
46.8
52.1
60.1
53.7
64.9
63.8
53.9
65.4
48.0
59.5
63.9
61.8
68.9
71.5
59.7
52.1
54.4
48.5
55.6
62.2
55.3
67.0
64.4
56.7
66.8
52.0
60.4
67.4
63.6
71.6
72.6
62.5
50.8
56.1
50.2
59.4
64.4
56.5
68.4
64.9
59.5
67.6
55.6
62.0
69.6
64.5
72.9
72.8
65.3
59.0
58.3
52.2
63.2
66.8
59.0
69.3
65.4
62.1
68.6
58.3
63.7
71.5
64.5
74.0
72.9
67.6
63.3
60.5
53.7
65.4
69.0
63.5
70.2
66.3
64.4
69.7
60.1
65.7
72.8
66.5
75.0
74.2
69.7
66.5
62.9
55.2
67.5
71.3
65.9
71.2
67.2
66.0
44.7
63.3
48.6
64.2
52.1
65.4
55.4
65.5
58.1
65.6
60.3
66.3
62.1
67.6
64.3
68.6
66.5
69.2
67.2
70.5
53.8
56.6
59.2
61.5
63.3
64.8
65.8
67.7
68.7
69.3
Pases / Country

2000-
2005
2005-
2010
2010-
2015
2015-
2020
2020-
2025
2025-
2030
2030-
2035
2035-
2040
2040-
2045
20452050
Amrica Latina /
Latin America
69.1
70.4
71.4
72.5
73.3
74.1
74.8
75.5
76.1
76.6
70.6
61.8
67.3
74.8
68.0
75.8
75.3
71.3
67.7
65.5
56.4
68.6
72.4
68.0
72.2
68.7
67.5
71.6
63.4
68.8
75.5
69.2
76.5
76.2
72.1
68.8
66.7
59.0
69.7
73.7
69.9
73.0
69.7
68.9
72.5
65.0
70.0
76.1
70.4
77.0
77.0
72.9
69.8
67.9
60.7
70.7
74.8
71.5
73.7
70.7
70.2
73.3
66.6
71.3
76.7
71.4
77.5
77.8
73.6
70.8
69.1
62.4
71.6
75.8
72.6
74.4
71.5
71.3
74.1
68.1
72.2
77.2
72.4
78.0
78.3
74.3
71.8
70.1
63.9
72.5
76.6
73.7
75.0
72.3
72.2
74.8
69.4
73.1
77.6
73.4
78.4
78.8
75.0
72.6
71.1
65.7
73.3
77.2
74.2
75.6
73.1
73.1
75.4
70.7
74.0
78.0
74.2
78.7
79.3
75.6
73.4
72.1
67.7
74.1
77.8
74.6
76.2
73.6
73.7
76.0
71.9
74.7
78.4
75.0
79.0
79.8
76.1
74.2
73.0
69.3
74.9
78.2
74.9
76.6
74.1
74.3
76.5
73.0
75.4
78.7
75.5
79.3
80.3
76.6
74.9
73.8
70.7
75.7
78.6
75.1
77.1
74.6
74.9
77.0
74.0
76.0
79.0
76.0
79.5
80.8
77.1
75.5
74.5
71.9
76.2
78.9
75.2
77.5
75.1
75.5
68.1
71.6
69.2
72.8
70.2
73.7
71.1
74.6
71.8
75.4
72.5
76.1
73.2
76.7
73.7
77.3
74.2
77.9
74.6
78.5
69.9
70.9
71.8
72.6
73.4
74.1
74.8
75.4
76.0
76.5
Argentina
Bolivia
Brasil / Brazil
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cuba
Ecuador
El Salvador
Guatemala
Hait / Haiti
Honduras
Mxico / Mexico
Nicaragua
Panam / Panama
Paraguay
Per / Peru
Dominican Republic
Uruguay
(Bol. Rep. of)
56
Mortalidad
Cuadro 5 (conclusin) / Table 5 (conclusion)

1950-2050
Mujeres / Females
Pases / Country

1950-
1955
1955-
1960
1960-
1965
1965-
1970
1970-
1975
1975-
1980
1980-
1985
1985-
1990
1990-
1995
19952000
Amrica Latina /
Latin America
53.5
56.6
59.2
61.2
63.6
66.1
68.6
70.6
72.5
74.0
Argentina
Bolivia
Brasil / Brazil
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cuba
Ecuador
El Salvador
Guatemala
Hait / Haiti
Honduras
Mxico / Mexico
Nicaragua
Panam / Panama
Paraguay
Per / Peru
Dominican Republic
Uruguay
(Bol. Rep. of)
65.1
42.5
52.8
56.8
52.3
58.5
61.3
49.6
46.5
42.3
38.9
43.2
52.5
43.7
56.2
64.7
45.0
67.4
44.0
55.4
58.7
56.9
61.5
64.2
52.7
50.0
44.7
42.0
46.2
57.3
46.8
60.4
65.2
47.5
68.6
45.6
57.8
61.0
59.7
64.5
67.1
56.1
54.0
47.9
44.9
49.8
60.6
50.0
63.1
66.4
50.5
69.3
47.3
60.0
63.8
61.8
67.5
70.2
58.2
57.8
51.3
47.6
53.0
62.5
53.4
65.5
67.0
53.0
70.8
49.0
62.2
66.8
63.9
70.2
72.7
60.5
60.6
55.4
49.3
56.2
65.2
56.8
68.1
68.1
57.2
72.2
52.2
64.2
70.6
66.2
73.3
74.9
63.2
62.2
58.0
51.5
59.9
68.5
60.0
71.1
68.7
60.5
73.7
55.9
66.9
74.2
70.2
76.1
76.0
66.7
63.8
60.6
52.9
63.8
71.2
62.6
73.3
69.3
63.8
74.6
59.1
69.2
75.9
71.7
77.5
76.6
69.9
68.0
63.7
55.0
67.7
73.0
65.5
74.6
69.9
66.8
75.8
61.8
71.5
77.3
73.0
78.6
76.7
72.6
71.1
66.8
56.8
70.1
74.6
68.7
75.7
70.8
69.2
77.0
64.0
73.3
78.8
74.2
79.7
78.2
75.1
72.5
70.0
58.6
72.3
76.1
71.1
76.4
71.7
70.9
47.3
69.4
51.4
70.4
55.2
71.6
58.7
71.9
61.8
72.2
64.0
73.1
66.1
74.5
69.0
75.8
71.9
76.9
73.1
78.0
56.6
59.6
62.8
66.1
68.9
70.7
71.8
73.5
74.5
75.2
Pases / Country

2000-
2005
2005-
2010
2010-
2015
2015-
2020
2020-
2025
2025-
2030
2030-
2035
2035-
2040
2040-
2045
20452050
Amrica Latina /
Latin America
75.4
76.6
77.7
78.6
79.5
80.2
80.9
81.6
82.2
82.7
78.1
66.0
74.9
80.8
75.4
80.6
79.1
77.2
73.7
72.5
59.9
73.4
77.4
73.8
77.4
72.9
72.5
79.1
67.7
76.1
81.5
76.6
81.2
80.4
78.0
74.9
73.8
62.4
74.5
78.6
76.0
78.2
73.9
74.0
80.0
69.4
77.2
82.2
77.6
81.9
81.2
78.8
76.0
75.0
64.3
75.6
79.7
77.7
79.1
74.9
75.3
80.8
71.0
78.3
82.8
78.4
82.4
82.0
79.5
77.1
76.1
66.2
76.6
80.5
78.9
79.9
75.9
76.4
81.5
72.5
79.2
83.4
79.2
82.9
82.5
80.2
78.1
77.2
67.8
77.5
81.3
79.8
80.6
76.7
77.3
82.2
74.0
80.1
83.9
80.0
83.3
83.0
80.9
79.0
78.2
69.8
78.3
81.9
80.4
81.3
77.5
78.2
82.9
75.4
81.0
84.3
80.5
83.8
83.5
81.5
79.8
79.1
72.0
79.1
82.4
80.9
81.9
78.0
79.0
83.5
76.7
81.7
84.7
81.0
84.1
84.0
82.0
80.6
80.0
73.7
79.9
82.8
81.2
82.5
78.5
79.7
84.0
77.9
82.4
85.1
81.5
84.4
84.5
82.5
81.3
80.8
75.2
80.7
83.2
81.5
83.0
79.0
80.4
84.5
79.0
83.0
85.4
82.0
84.7
85.0
83.0
82.0
81.5
76.5
81.2
83.5
81.6
83.5
79.5
81.1
74.3
78.9
75.5
79.9
76.5
80.6
77.4
81.4
78.2
82.1
78.9
82.7
79.5
83.2
80.1
83.7
80.6
84.2
81.1
84.7
75.8
76.8
77.7
78.6
79.4
80.2
80.9
81.6
82.2
82.7
Argentina
Bolivia
Brasil / Brazil
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cuba
Ecuador
El Salvador
Guatemala
Hait / Haiti
Honduras
Mxico / Mexico
Nicaragua
Panam / Panama
Paraguay
Per / Peru
Dominican Republic
Uruguay
(Bol. Rep. of)
57
Mortality
Cuadro 6/ Table 6
AMRICA LATINA: TASAS DE MORTALIDAD INFANTIL ESTIMADAS, POR QUINQUENIOS Y PASES

LATIN AMERICA: ESTIMATED INFANT MORTALITY RATES, BY FIVE-YEAR PERIOD AND COUNTRY
1950-2050
Ambos sexos / Both sexes
Pases / Country

1950-
1955
1965-
1970
1970-
1975
1975-
1980
1980-
1985
1985-
1990
1990-
1995
19952000
Amrica Latina /
Latin America
127.7
114.3
102.1
92.1
81.5
69.7
57.3
47.2
38.3
31.8
Argentina
Bolivia
Brasil / Brazil
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cuba
Ecuador
El Salvador
Guatemala
Hait / Haiti
Honduras
Mxico / Mexico
Nicaragua
Panam / Panama
Paraguay
Per / Peru
Dominican Republic
Uruguay
(Bol. Rep. of)
65.9
175.7
134.7
120.3
123.2
93.8
80.6
139.5
151.1
140.8
219.6
169.3
121.2
172.3
93.0
73.4
158.6
60.4
169.7
121.9
118.3
105.3
87.7
69.9
129.4
137.0
133.8
193.5
153.9
101.5
150.7
74.9
69.7
148.2
59.7
163.6
109.4
109.0
92.1
81.3
59.4
119.2
122.7
126.7
170.5
135.5
88.0
131.3
62.7
62.3
136.1
57.4
157.5
100.1
89.2
82.2
67.7
49.7
107.1
110.3
115.5
150.2
119.0
79.4
113.8
51.6
58.6
126.3
48.1
151.3
90.5
68.6
73.0
52.5
38.5
95.0
105.0
102.5
134.9
103.7
69.0
97.9
43.7
53.1
110.3
39.1
131.2
78.8
45.2
56.7
30.4
22.3
82.4
95.0
90.9
130.9
81.0
56.8
90.1
36.3
51.0
99.1
32.2
109.2
63.3
23.7
43.0
19.2
17.4
68.5
77.0
79.3
122.1
65.0
47.0
79.8
31.6
48.9
81.6
27.1
90.1
52.4
18.4
35.3
17.4
15.9
55.5
54.0
67.1
100.1
53.0
39.5
65.0
29.6
46.7
68.0
24.4
75.1
42.5
14.1
27.6
14.5
15.3
44.2
40.2
54.8
85.3
43.0
33.1
48.0
27.0
42.9
47.6
21.8
66.7
34.1
11.5
24.0
11.8
9.6
33.3
32.0
45.5
70.1
35.0
27.7
33.6
23.7
39.2
38.8
153.2
57.4
138.7
53.0
123.9
47.9
109.0
47.1
95.9
46.3
86.0
42.4
75.2
33.5
62.9
22.6
47.6
20.1
41.3
15.6
106.4
89.0
72.8
59.5
48.7
39.3
33.6
26.9
23.1
20.7
Pases / Country

2000-
2005
2005-
2010
2010-
2015
2015-
2020
2020-
2025
2025-
2030
2030-
2035
2035-
2040
2040-
2045
20452050
Amrica Latina /
Latin America
25.6
21.7
18.6
16.0
13.8
12.0
10.5
9.4
8.6
7.9
15.0
55.6
27.3
8.0
20.5
10.5
6.1
24.9
26.4
38.6
56.1
31.2
20.5
26.4
20.6
35.5
30.3
13.4
45.6
23.6
7.2
19.1
9.9
5.1
21.1
21.5
30.1
48.6
27.8
16.7
21.5
18.2
32.0
21.2
12.0
38.1
20.3
6.5
16.5
9.3
4.5
17.6
17.5
22.6
43.5
24.6
13.7
18.1
15.7
28.8
18.8
10.7
32.6
17.1
5.9
15.0
8.8
3.9
14.0
14.4
18.1
39.0
21.5
11.5
15.9
13.5
25.8
16.7
9.6
27.1
14.3
5.4
13.0
8.3
3.6
11.5
12.1
15.3
35.0
18.6
9.7
13.9
11.6
23.2
15.0
8.7
22.6
12.1
4.9
12.0
7.8
3.3
10.0
10.4
13.1
30.7
16.6
8.4
12.9
10.0
20.9
13.5
7.8
20.0
10.3
4.6
11.0
7.3
2.5
9.0
9.2
11.1
26.2
15.1
7.4
12.0
8.8
18.9
12.4
7.1
17.5
9.0
4.4
10.5
6.9
2.4
8.0
8.3
10.0
22.7
14.2
6.7
11.5
7.9
17.2
11.3
6.6
15.5
8.1
4.2
10.0
6.4
2.4
7.0
7.7
9.0
19.8
13.7
6.1
11.1
7.1
15.6
10.2
6.0
14.0
7.5
4.0
9.5
6.0
2.2
6.0
7.3
8.0
17.4
13.3
5.6
10.8
6.5
14.6
9.3
34.9
14.4
29.6
13.1
25.1
11.5
21.4
10.2
18.3
8.9
15.9
7.9
13.9
7.0
12.3
6.1
11.0
5.3
10.0
4.6
18.9
17.0
15.3
13.8
12.4
11.2
10.0
9.1
8.2
7.4
Argentina
Bolivia
Brasil / Brazil
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cuba
Ecuador
El Salvador
Guatemala
Hait / Haiti
Honduras
Mxico / Mexico
Nicaragua
Panam / Panama
Paraguay
Per / Peru
Dominican Republic
Uruguay
(Bol. Rep. of)
58
1955-
1960
1960-
1965
Mortalidad
Cuadro 6 (continuacin 1) / Table 6 (continued 1)

1950-2050
Hombres / Males
Pases / Country

1950-
1955
1955-
1960
Amrica Latina /
Latin America
137.4
123.9
Argentina
Bolivia
Brasil / Brazil
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cuba
Ecuador
El Salvador
Guatemala
Hait / Haiti
Honduras
Mxico / Mexico
Nicaragua
Panam / Panama
Paraguay
Per / Peru
Dominican Republic
Uruguay
(Bol. Rep. of)
69.9
190.0
145.6
128.0
130.0
101.0
90.8
150.5
161.3
150.3
230.1
172.5
133.8
180.3
101.0
77.8
166.4
1960-
1965
1965-
1970
1970-
1975
1975-
1980
1980-
1985
1985-
1990
1990-
1995
19952000
111.2
100.7
90.4
78.1
63.1
52.1
42.4
35.4
64.3
182.9
133.0
126.4
112.5
95.0
78.7
139.6
146.0
142.7
203.8
159.8
114.1
159.0
81.6
73.8
155.6
64.2
175.8
119.8
117.1
99.5
88.9
66.9
128.7
130.7
135.2
180.6
143.1
99.6
139.7
68.5
65.9
143.0
62.0
168.5
110.4
96.5
89.5
74.5
55.9
116.1
117.4
122.8
160.0
127.0
88.9
122.0
56.6
62.0
132.8
52.2
161.2
103.5
74.3
80.3
58.5
43.0
103.5
112.5
108.4
145.0
112.2
77.2
105.7
48.3
59.1
116.1
42.7
140.0
91.4
49.2
62.6
33.8
25.0
90.1
101.9
95.9
142.0
88.6
64.3
98.1
40.8
57.0
104.6
35.5
116.0
70.2
25.8
47.4
21.4
18.9
75.5
82.7
83.6
128.0
71.7
52.9
87.5
36.0
54.7
87.9
30.0
96.0
58.8
19.9
39.1
19.6
18.0
61.7
59.9
71.6
105.0
58.9
43.0
71.8
33.9
52.5
74.7
27.0
79.2
48.3
15.3
30.8
16.4
17.4
49.6
43.9
59.6
90.0
48.2
35.5
53.8
31.1
48.2
53.0
24.2
70.3
38.6
12.6
27.2
13.3
11.2
37.4
34.9
50.7
74.0
39.6
30.3
36.9
27.6
44.3
43.2
161.4
62.1
147.0
57.7
132.1
52.3
116.9
51.8
103.3
51.2
92.7
47.1
81.6
36.9
69.1
25.0
53.0
22.5
46.5
17.5
110.9
92.7
76.2
63.8
53.4
43.7
37.6
30.3
25.9
22.8
Pases / Country

2000-
2005
2005-
2010
2010-
2015
2015-
2020
2020-
2025
2025-
2030
2030-
2035
2035-
2040
2040-
2045
20452050
Amrica Latina /
Latin America
28.8
24.6
21.2
18.3
15.8
13.8
12.2
11.0
9.9
9.1
Argentina
17.0
15.0
13.3
11.8
10.6
9.6
8.7
8.0
7.5
Bolivia
60.0
50.0
42.0
36.0
30.0
25.0
22.0
19.0
17.0
Brasil / Brazil
31.0
27.0
23.5
20.0
17.0
14.5
12.5
11.0
9.7
Chile
9.0
8.1
7.2
6.5
6.0
5.5
5.2
4.9
4.7
Colombia
23.4
21.9
19.0
17.3
15.0
14.0
12.8
12.3
11.7
Costa Rica
11.8
11.2
10.6
10.0
9.5
8.9
8.4
7.9
7.5
Cuba
6.7
5.6
4.8
4.2
3.9
3.5
2.6
2.6
2.6
Ecuador
28.8
24.0
20.0
16.0
13.0
11.0
10.0
9.0
8.0
El Salvador
28.6
23.2
18.7
15.3
13.0
11.2
10.1
9.1
8.5
Guatemala
44.0
35.0
27.5
22.5
19.0
16.0
13.5
12.0
10.5
Hait / Haiti
60.8
52.4
47.0
42.2
37.9
33.2
28.4
24.4
21.2
Honduras
35.5
31.8
28.4
25.0
22.0
20.0
18.5
17.5
17.0
Mxico / Mexico
22.9
18.6
15.4
12.9
11.0
9.6
8.5
7.6
6.9
Nicaragua
29.9
24.3
20.5
18.1
15.7
14.6
13.6
13.0
12.6
Panam / Panama
24.1
21.2
18.2
15.6
13.4
11.5
10.1
9.0
8.1
Paraguay
40.4
36.6
33.1
29.8
26.9
24.3
22.1
20.2
18.4
Per / Peru
33.8
23.9
21.1
18.8
16.7
15.1
13.7
12.5
11.4
Dominican Republic
39.7
33.7
28.6
24.4
21.0
18.2
16.0
14.2
12.7
Uruguay
16.0
14.4
12.6
11.0
9.6
8.3
7.3
6.3
5.4
(Bol. Rep. of)
21.2
19.1
17.1
15.4
13.8
12.4
11.1
10.0
9.0
7.0
15.0
9.0
4.5
11.2
7.0
2.3
7.0
8.0
9.0
18.6
16.5
6.4
12.3
7.5
17.4
10.4
11.6
4.6
8.1
59
Mortality

1950-2050
Mujeres / Females
Pases / Country

1950-
1955
Amrica Latina /
Latin America
117.6
Argentina
Bolivia
Brasil / Brazil
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cuba
Ecuador
El Salvador
Guatemala
Hait / Haiti
Honduras
Mxico / Mexico
Nicaragua
Panam / Panama
Paraguay
Per / Peru
Dominican Republic
Uruguay
(Bol. Rep. of)
1960-
1965
1965-
1970
1970-
1975
1975-
1980
1980-
1985
1985-
1990
1990-
1995
19952000
104.1
92.5
83.2
72.1
60.9
51.3
42.1
34.0
28.1
61.7
160.7
123.3
112.3
116.0
86.2
69.8
128.1
140.3
130.9
208.5
166.0
107.9
163.9
84.6
68.8
150.4
56.3
155.8
110.3
109.8
97.8
80.0
60.5
118.6
127.6
124.4
182.6
147.8
88.3
142.0
67.9
65.4
140.5
55.1
150.8
98.5
100.7
84.3
73.3
51.5
109.1
114.2
117.9
159.9
127.5
75.9
122.5
56.6
58.4
128.9
52.6
145.9
89.3
81.7
74.5
60.5
43.1
97.7
102.8
107.8
140.0
110.5
69.5
105.2
46.4
55.0
119.5
43.8
140.9
76.9
62.6
65.4
46.3
33.6
86.2
97.1
96.2
124.3
94.8
60.3
89.6
38.8
46.7
104.2
35.3
122.0
65.5
40.9
50.5
26.9
19.6
74.2
87.7
85.8
119.3
73.1
49.0
81.8
31.6
44.8
93.3
28.8
102.0
56.1
21.6
38.3
16.9
15.7
61.1
71.0
74.8
116.0
57.9
40.9
71.7
27.1
42.7
75.1
24.1
84.0
45.6
16.7
31.4
15.0
13.6
49.0
47.9
62.3
95.0
46.8
35.9
57.8
25.1
40.6
61.0
21.6
70.8
36.5
12.9
24.3
12.6
13.0
38.6
36.3
49.8
80.4
37.6
30.6
41.9
22.7
37.3
41.9
19.4
62.8
29.4
10.3
20.6
10.3
7.9
28.9
29.0
40.1
66.0
30.2
24.9
30.1
19.7
33.8
34.1
144.6
52.5
129.9
48.1
115.3
43.3
100.7
42.2
88.2
41.1
78.9
37.5
68.5
30.0
56.5
20.0
42.0
17.5
35.9
13.6
101.7
85.1
69.2
55.1
43.7
34.8
29.4
23.4
20.3
18.4
Pases / Country

2000-
2005
2005-
2010
2010-
2015
2015-
2020
2020-
2025
2025-
2030
2030-
2035
2035-
2040
2040-
2045
20452050
Amrica Latina /
Latin America
22.2
18.7
15.9
13.6
11.6
10.0
8.8
7.9
7.2
6.6
13.0
51.0
23.5
7.0
17.4
9.1
5.5
20.8
24.1
33.0
51.1
26.7
18.0
22.8
17.0
30.4
26.7
11.8
41.0
20.0
6.3
16.1
8.5
4.6
18.0
19.8
25.0
44.5
23.6
14.6
18.5
15.0
27.2
18.3
10.6
34.0
17.0
5.7
13.9
8.0
4.1
15.0
16.3
17.5
39.9
20.7
11.9
15.6
13.0
24.2
16.3
9.6
29.0
14.0
5.2
12.6
7.5
3.6
12.0
13.4
13.5
35.7
17.8
9.9
13.6
11.3
21.6
14.6
8.6
24.0
11.5
4.7
10.8
7.0
3.4
10.0
11.2
11.5
32.1
15.0
8.4
12.1
9.8
19.2
13.2
7.8
20.0
9.5
4.4
10.0
6.6
3.1
9.0
9.6
10.0
28.1
13.0
7.3
11.1
8.5
17.2
12.0
6.9
18.0
8.0
4.1
9.1
6.1
2.3
8.0
8.3
8.5
24.0
11.5
6.4
10.4
7.5
15.5
10.9
6.2
16.0
7.0
3.8
8.7
5.7
2.3
7.0
7.5
8.0
20.8
10.8
5.7
9.9
6.7
14.0
9.9
5.6
14.0
6.5
3.7
8.2
5.4
2.3
6.0
6.9
7.5
18.3
10.3
5.2
9.5
6.0
12.8
9.0
5.0
13.0
6.0
3.5
7.8
5.0
2.0
5.0
6.6
7.0
16.2
10.0
4.8
9.3
5.5
11.8
8.2
30.0
12.6
25.3
11.7
21.4
10.4
18.1
9.3
15.5
8.3
13.4
7.4
11.7
6.6
10.3
5.9
9.2
5.2
8.3
4.6
16.4
14.8
13.4
12.1
10.9
9.9
8.9
8.1
7.3
6.6
Argentina
Bolivia
Brasil / Brazil
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cuba
Ecuador
El Salvador
Guatemala
Hait / Haiti
Honduras
Mxico / Mexico
Nicaragua
Panam / Panama
Paraguay
Per / Peru
Dominican Republic
Uruguay
(Bol. Rep. of)
60
1955-
1960
Mortalidad
Cuadro 7/ Table 7
AMRICA LATINA: TASAS BRUTAS DE MORTALIDAD ESTIMADAS, POR QUINQUENIOS Y PASES

LATIN AMERICA: ESTIMATED CRUDE MORTALITY RATES, BY FIVE-YEAR PERIOD AND COUNTRY
1950-2050
Pases / Country

1950-
1955
1955-
1960
1960-
1965
1965-
1970
1970-
1975
1975-
1980
1980-
1985
1985-
1990
1990-
1995
19952000
Amrica Latina /
Latin America
15.7
13.9
12.4
11.1
9.8
8.7
7.8
7.1
6.6
6.2
Argentina
Bolivia
Brasil / Brazil
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cuba
Ecuador
El Salvador
Guatemala
Hait / Haiti
Honduras
Mxico / Mexico
Nicaragua
Panam / Panama
Paraguay
Per / Peru
Dominican Republic
Uruguay
(Bol. Rep. of)
9.2
24.4
15.4
13.6
16.3
13.5
10.7
19.4
19.8
22.3
26.4
24.6
16.5
23.3
13.3
8.8
21.6
8.7
23.0
13.9
13.3
13.1
11.9
9.2
16.9
17.4
20.2
23.5
21.6
13.5
20.4
11.1
8.5
19.7
8.8
21.5
12.5
12.2
11.4
10.2
8.5
14.6
14.8
18.0
21.0
18.3
11.5
16.9
9.8
7.9
17.6
9.1
20.2
11.0
10.3
10.0
8.2
7.3
13.1
12.5
15.8
18.6
16.0
10.4
14.4
8.6
7.6
15.6
9.0
19.0
9.9
8.8
8.8
6.8
6.4
11.5
11.1
13.5
17.1
13.7
9.1
12.5
7.5
7.0
12.8
8.9
16.0
9.1
7.4
7.7
5.7
5.9
9.8
11.3
12.1
16.1
11.4
7.4
11.3
6.3
6.9
10.9
8.5
13.3
8.3
6.4
6.6
4.7
6.4
8.1
10.8
10.8
15.6
9.2
6.3
10.1
5.7
6.9
9.1
8.5
11.3
7.4
5.9
6.3
4.4
6.9
6.7
7.9
9.3
13.8
7.3
5.7
8.4
5.4
6.6
7.8
8.2
10.0
6.8
5.5
6.3
4.2
7.3
5.9
6.7
8.0
12.4
6.3
5.2
6.5
5.3
6.3
7.0
7.9
8.9
6.5
5.4
5.8
4.0
7.4
5.3
6.1
6.9
11.3
5.6
4.8
5.6
5.2
6.0
6.5
20.2
10.5
17.4
10.1
14.5
9.6
11.9
9.6
9.7
10.0
8.2
10.1
7.4
9.9
6.6
9.9
6.1
9.8
6.1
9.5
12.4
10.7
9.3
7.7
6.6
5.9
5.5
5.0
4.9
5.0
Pases / Country

2000-
2005
2005-
2010
2010-
2015
2015-
2020
2020-
2025
2025-
2030
2030-
2035
2035-
2040
2040-
2045
Amrica Latina /
Latin America
6.1
6.0
6.1
6.2
6.5
6.9
7.4
8.0
8.7
9.3
Argentina
7.9
7.8
7.7
7.6
7.7
7.9
8.3
8.6
8.9
Bolivia
8.2
7.6
7.1
6.7
6.5
6.4
6.4
6.6
6.8
Brasil / Brazil
6.4
6.4
6.5
6.7
7.0
7.4
8.0
8.6
9.2
Chile
5.2
5.5
5.9
6.4
7.0
7.7
8.5
9.4
10.3
Colombia
5.7
5.6
5.7
5.9
6.3
6.8
7.6
8.2
9.0
Costa Rica
4.0
4.2
4.4
4.7
5.2
5.8
6.7
7.6
8.6
Cuba
7.6
7.5
7.7
8.3
9.2
10.1
11.3
12.4
14.3
Ecuador
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.5
5.8
6.1
6.6
7.2
7.7
El Salvador
5.9
5.8
5.8
5.8
5.8
6.0
6.3
6.6
7.1
Guatemala
6.1
5.7
5.4
5.2
5.0
4.9
4.9
5.0
5.1
Hait / Haiti
10.5
9.4
8.7
8.2
7.8
7.4
7.2
7.1
7.2
Honduras
5.3
5.1
5.0
4.9
4.9
5.0
5.3
5.6
6.0
Mxico / Mexico
4.8
4.9
5.0
5.3
5.7
6.3
7.1
7.9
8.8
Nicaragua
5.0
4.8
4.6
4.7
4.8
5.1
5.7
6.4
7.0
Panam / Panama
5.1
5.1
5.2
5.5
5.8
6.2
6.8
7.4
8.0
Paraguay
5.7
5.6
5.5
5.6
5.7
6.0
6.4
6.8
7.2
Per / Peru
6.2
6.2
6.2
6.2
6.4
6.7
7.1
7.7
8.2
Dominican Republic
6.1
6.0
6.1
6.2
6.4
6.7
7.1
7.6
8.2
Uruguay
9.4
9.4
9.3
9.2
9.2
9.3
9.6
9.9
10.3
(Bol. Rep. of)
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.5
5.9
6.3
6.8
7.3
7.9
9.3
7.2
9.7
10.9
9.7
9.3
15.7
8.3
7.8
5.4
7.4
6.5
9.9
7.7
8.7
7.6
8.8
20452050
8.7
10.5
8.5
61
Mortality
Cuadro 8/ Table 8
AMRICA LATINA: TASAS DE MIGRACIN ESTIMADAS, POR QUINQUENIOS Y PASES

LATIN AMERICA: ESTIMATED MIGRATION RATES, BY FIVE-YEAR PERIOD AND COUNTRY
1950-2050
Pases / Country

1950-
1955
1955-
1960
1960-
1965
1965-
1970
1970-
1975
1975-
1980
1980-
1985
1985-
1990
1990-
1995
19952000
Amrica Latina /
Latin America
0.5
-0.4
-0.8
-0.9
-0.9
-1.2
-1.8
-1.8
-1.6
-1.3
3.4
-2.1
1.9
-1.3
-2.2
0.0
-1.0
0.0
-1.9
0.0
-1.7
1.3
-1.3
-1.5
-1.1
-9.8
0.0
1.4
-2.0
0.0
-1.1
-2.6
0.0
-1.6
0.0
-1.8
0.0
-1.9
1.1
-1.1
-1.3
-1.0
-8.2
0.0
1.2
-1.9
0.0
-0.8
-2.8
0.0
-5.4
0.0
-1.7
-1.1
-2.5
1.0
-1.5
-1.5
-1.5
-6.8
0.0
1.1
-1.8
0.0
-0.7
-2.8
0.0
-6.0
0.0
2.4
-2.0
-2.6
-5.6
-1.7
-1.7
-1.3
-5.5
0.0
2.3
-1.8
0.0
-1.6
-2.4
0.0
-4.2
0.0
-4.6
-3.4
-3.6
-3.5
-2.7
-3.1
-1.2
-4.4
0.0
-1.6
-1.4
0.0
-1.5
-2.1
2.5
-3.3
0.0
-7.4
-6.8
-3.7
-1.8
-2.6
-4.0
-0.1
-3.0
-0.4
0.6
-3.5
0.0
-1.0
-1.8
2.5
-4.9
0.0
-14.8
-6.7
-4.1
-2.5
-4.9
-6.3
-1.0
-1.2
-0.8
0.8
-3.2
0.0
-0.6
-1.5
1.7
-0.7
0.0
-8.9
-7.1
-3.9
-3.1
-5.5
-7.9
-1.3
-0.9
-1.7
0.0
-2.8
0.0
1.3
-1.4
3.8
-1.8
-0.9
-2.1
-7.6
-3.6
-4.6
-4.1
-5.2
0.6
-1.4
-3.9
-0.6
0.0
0.0
0.8
-0.8
6.9
-2.2
-5.1
-1.3
-7.4
-3.3
-6.1
-2.5
-6.5
0.8
-1.7
-4.4
-1.6
0.9
-2.0
1.6
-2.3
-0.5
-2.7
-2.5
-2.9
-9.7
-3.1
-4.2
-3.3
-2.0
-3.4
-2.0
-3.4
-1.3
-3.3
-1.6
6.0
4.9
0.6
0.5
5.8
5.5
0.9
0.8
0.0
0.0
Pases / Country

2000-
2005
2005-
2010
2010-
2015
2015-
2020
2020-
2025
2025-
2030
2030-
2035
2035-
2040
2040-
2045
20452050
Amrica Latina /
Latin America
-2.3
-1.2
-1.0
-0.7
-0.6
-0.5
-0.4
-0.4
-0.4
-0.3
-0.5
0.0
0.0
0.4
-0.6
4.1
-2.3
-3.9
-1.2
-5.0
-3.1
-4.6
-7.8
-7.8
0.5
-1.6
-3.9
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.4
-0.4
2.9
-2.8
-1.8
-1.1
-3.0
-2.1
-2.8
-3.4
-7.1
0.2
-1.3
-3.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.2
-0.3
1.5
-2.4
-0.8
-1.0
-1.3
-1.5
-2.0
-2.8
-6.3
0.2
-0.8
-2.4
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
-0.2
1.0
-2.1
0.0
0.0
-0.6
-1.2
-1.6
-2.4
-5.7
0.2
-0.5
-1.6
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
-0.2
0.4
-1.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
-1.0
-1.3
-2.1
-4.8
0.0
-0.3
-0.9
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
-0.1
0.0
-0.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
-0.8
-1.0
-1.9
-4.0
0.0
-0.2
-0.6
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
-0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
-0.6
-0.8
-1.9
-3.3
0.0
-0.1
-0.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
-0.4
-0.5
-1.7
-2.6
0.0
-0.0
-0.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
-0.3
-0.3
-1.7
-1.7
0.0
0.0
-0.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
-0.1
-0.2
-1.5
-0.9
0.0
0.0
-0.2
-3.2
-6.3
-3.1
-3.0
-2.9
-1.8
-2.7
-0.9
-2.5
0.0
-2.3
0.0
-1.9
0.0
-1.7
0.0
-1.4
0.0
-1.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Argentina
Bolivia
Brasil / Brazil
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cuba
Ecuador
El Salvador
Guatemala
Hait / Haiti
Honduras
Mxico / Mexico
Nicaragua
Panam / Panama
Paraguay
Per / Peru
Dominican Republic
Uruguay
(Bol. Rep. of)
Argentina
Bolivia
Brasil / Brazil
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cuba
Ecuador
El Salvador
Guatemala
Hait / Haiti
Honduras
Mxico / Mexico
Nicaragua
Panam / Panama
Paraguay
Per / Peru
Dominican Republic
Uruguay
(Bol. Rep. of)
62
Mortalidad
Cuadro 9/ Table 9
AMRICA LATINA: PORCENTAJE DE POBLACIN MENOR DE 15 AOS DE EDAD, POR PASES

LATIN AMERICA: PERCENTAGE OF POPULATION UNDER 15 YEARS OF AGE, BY COUNTRY
1950-2050
Pases / Country
1950
1955
1960
1965
1970
1975
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
Amrica Latina /
Latin America
40.2
41.3
42.5
43.2
42.5
41.3
39.6
38.1
36.3
34.2
31.9
Argentina
30.5
30.8
30.8
30.2
29.4
29.2
30.5
31.0
30.7
29.2
Bolivia
41.4
41.9
42.7
42.9
43.0
43.0
42.5
41.9
40.9
40.6
Brasil / Brazil
41.6
42.1
43.3
43.7
42.4
40.3
38.1
37.0
35.3
32.5
Chile
36.7
38.1
39.5
40.5
39.7
37.0
33.0
30.9
29.9
29.7
Colombia
42.6
44.8
46.4
46.8
45.9
43.6
40.8
37.9
36.2
34.5
Costa Rica
38.5
41.8
44.8
46.5
44.8
41.4
37.8
35.9
35.9
34.5
Cuba
36.4
36.0
35.1
37.1
37.6
37.5
31.7
25.9
22.5
22.2
Ecuador
39.5
41.7
43.4
44.6
44.4
43.8
42.8
41.2
39.0
36.4
El Salvador
43.1
44.5
46.1
46.6
46.4
45.6
44.9
43.6
40.8
37.4
Guatemala
44.6
45.4
45.8
45.2
44.6
44.8
45.4
45.7
45.4
44.9
Hait / Haiti
39.6
39.7
40.3
41.7
41.8
41.3
41.1
42.2
43.2
42.6
Honduras
42.2
44.2
46.1
47.1
47.7
47.5
47.0
46.2
45.5
44.3
Mxico / Mexico
42.5
44.5
45.9
46.8
46.6
46.2
44.7
42.2
38.6
35.8
Nicaragua
43.0
45.3
47.5
49.3
48.1
47.2
47.1
47.1
46.0
44.0
Panam / Panama
40.2
41.9
42.9
43.8
43.9
42.9
40.5
37.6
35.2
33.3
Paraguay
47.0
47.5
47.9
47.5
46.1
44.1
42.5
41.7
41.4
40.4
Per / Peru
41.6
42.3
43.3
44.1
44.0
43.2
41.9
40.1
38.2
36.4
Dominican Republic
46.7
47.0
47.9
48.5
47.7
45.6
42.8
40.1
37.7
36.0
Uruguay
27.9
27.6
27.9
28.1
27.9
27.7
26.9
26.8
26.0
25.1
(Bol. Rep. of)
43.5
44.9
45.7
46.4
45.6
43.3
40.7
39.0
38.0
36.1
28.0
39.5
29.6
27.8
32.5
31.8
20.5
34.5
35.6
44.1
40.3
42.4
33.1
40.9
31.9
38.2
34.5
34.7
24.6
33.8
Pases / Country
2005
2010
2020
2015
2020
2025
2030
2040
2045
2050
Amrica Latina /
Latin America
29.9
28.1
26.4
24.7
23.2
21.8
20.7
19.6
18.8
18.1
26.4
38.0
27.8
24.9
30.3
28.4
19.3
32.4
34.0
43.2
38.0
39.8
30.8
37.8
30.4
35.9
31.8
25.1
35.8
26.8
22.3
27.7
25.8
17.2
30.3
32.0
41.6
35.9
36.9
28.1
34.5
29.0
33.6
29.1
24.0
33.7
25.4
21.0
25.4
23.9
15.7
28.1
29.8
39.5
33.9
34.2
25.7
32.1
27.3
31.4
27.3
23.1
31.3
23.7
20.2
23.6
22.3
14.6
26.2
27.9
37.1
32.1
31.9
23.3
30.3
25.6
29.3
26.0
22.0
29.0
22.2
19.5
22.3
20.9
14.2
24.5
26.1
34.4
30.3
29.6
21.5
28.1
24.1
27.4
24.6
20.8
26.9
20.9
18.7
21.1
19.7
13.7
23.0
24.6
31.8
28.4
27.2
20.1
25.7
22.9
25.6
23.1
19.6
24.9
19.9
18.0
20.1
18.8
13.3
21.7
23.2
29.3
26.6
25.0
19.2
23.7
21.8
24.0
21.6
18.8
23.2
19.0
17.3
19.1
18.0
12.9
20.5
21.9
26.9
25.0
22.8
18.3
22.1
20.6
22.7
20.4
18.2
21.6
18.3
16.9
18.3
17.3
12.6
19.4
20.6
24.6
23.6
21.1
17.4
20.7
19.5
21.5
19.3
17.8
20.3
17.8
16.6
17.7
16.8
12.6
18.5
19.5
22.6
22.3
19.9
16.7
19.6
18.6
20.6
18.5
33.5
23.8
32.1
22.6
30.5
21.5
28.9
20.6
27.4
19.8
25.8
19.0
24.2
18.4
22.7
17.9
21.3
17.4
20.3
17.0
31.4
29.5
27.9
26.3
24.7
23.2
21.8
20.6
19.5
18.7
Argentina
Bolivia
Brasil / Brazil
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cuba
Ecuador
El Salvador
Guatemala
Hait / Haiti
Honduras
Mxico / Mexico
Nicaragua
Panam / Panama
Paraguay
Per / Peru
Dominican Republic
Uruguay
(Bol. Rep. of)
63
Mortality
Cuadro 10/ Table 10
AMRICA LATINA: RELACIN DE DEPENDENCIA, POR PASESa

LATIN AMERICA: DEPENDENCY RATIO, BY COUNTRY a
1950-2050
Pases / Country
1950
1955
1960
1965
1970
1975
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
Amrica Latina /
Latin America
77.6
81.2
85.6
88.6
87.0
83.5
78.6
74.2
69.7
64.9
60.0
Argentina
53.2
55.3
57.0
57.3
57.0
58.2
63.0
65.3
65.8
62.9
Bolivia
81.5
82.7
85.3
86.1
86.5
86.8
85.5
83.5
80.8
80.5
Brasil / Brazil
80.3
82.3
87.1
89.3
85.3
79.3
73.1
69.9
65.8
59.8
Chile
69.4
74.4
79.5
83.3
81.0
73.2
62.8
57.9
56.2
56.8
Colombia
84.4
91.6
98.1
100.3
97.3
89.4
80.5
72.1
67.9
63.7
Costa Rica
76.4
87.2
98.1
104.7
97.7
85.2
73.9
69.1
68.9
65.5
Cuba
68.8
68.2
65.9
72.6
76.7
79.0
64.9
52.0
45.7
46.1
Ecuador
81.2
87.4
92.8
96.6
94.6
91.8
88.0
82.4
75.8
69.1
El Salvador
85.7
89.6
95.0
96.9
96.7
94.7
92.9
89.7
81.8
72.4
Guatemala
89.1
92.3
93.9
92.2
90.5
91.1
93.6
95.4
95.0
94.3
Hait / Haiti
76.4
75.8
77.1
82.2
83.5
82.3
82.2
86.0
89.0
86.9
Honduras
86.0
91.3
97.1
100.9
103.4
102.7
100.7
97.5
95.5
91.8
Mxico / Mexico
84.9
91.7
97.0
101.5
100.9
99.4
94.1
85.3
75.1
68.0
Nicaragua
85.6
92.1
99.7
106.9
102.5
99.0
99.3
100.0
96.5
89.9
Panam / Panama
79.6
85.3
89.6
92.9
93.0
89.2
81.9
73.5
67.0
62.6
Paraguay
99.6
102.3
104.3
103.5
98.3
91.3
86.2
83.7
83.2
80.6
Per / Peru
81.9
84.1
87.8
91.0
90.4
87.9
83.6
78.0
72.9
68.7
Dominican Republic
97.5
98.5
101.7
104.3
101.5
93.7
84.6
76.8
71.1
67.8
Uruguay
56.5
55.6
56.2
57.3
58.2
59.5
59.8
60.5
60.1
59.6
(Bol. Rep. of)
83.0
88.7
93.1
96.3
94.4
86.7
78.3
73.8
71.6
67.1
60.8
77.7
53.9
53.8
59.3
58.9
44.9
65.3
68.3
92.6
79.5
86.1
62.1
80.4
59.6
74.1
64.9
65.6
60.0
62.1
Pases / Country
2005
2010
2020
2015
2020
2025
2030
2040
2045
2050
Amrica Latina /
Latin America
56.3
53.3
51.2
50.1
49.7
50.2
51.1
52.3
54.0
56.2
57.4
73.7
51.2
48.9
54.8
51.7
43.5
61.6
64.7
90.1
72.8
78.3
57.5
72.0
57.0
68.2
59.5
54.8
67.8
50.1
45.6
50.0
47.2
42.1
57.8
60.1
84.8
67.3
69.8
52.8
64.0
55.2
63.0
53.9
53.6
62.9
49.1
45.4
47.3
45.2
42.6
54.2
55.9
78.9
62.2
63.4
49.3
58.3
53.2
58.9
51.2
53.5
58.1
48.4
47.3
46.6
45.0
44.2
52.2
52.6
72.1
58.7
59.0
47.4
56.1
51.6
55.9
50.4
52.8
54.1
48.4
50.5
47.4
46.2
47.1
51.1
50.3
65.3
55.6
55.0
46.9
53.8
51.2
53.5
49.6
51.9
50.8
49.6
54.4
49.0
48.5
55.4
50.6
48.7
59.2
52.9
51.5
47.7
51.2
52.0
51.5
49.1
51.1
48.6
50.7
57.1
50.8
50.7
65.2
50.6
48.5
54.2
50.6
48.6
50.3
49.4
53.3
49.9
48.9
51.9
47.4
52.1
58.9
51.8
51.8
73.9
50.9
49.7
50.4
48.8
46.5
54.5
48.8
54.6
48.6
49.4
54.8
46.9
54.4
59.5
53.5
54.1
74.8
51.8
51.9
47.7
48.3
46.0
57.5
49.4
55.0
48.5
50.8
57.6
47.2
57.7
61.8
55.5
57.7
74.6
53.5
52.9
46.3
49.5
47.1
59.9
51.3
55.5
50.0
52.7
63.9
59.1
61.5
56.8
58.9
55.1
57.0
54.5
56.0
55.0
55.5
55.7
55.0
56.0
54.4
57.5
53.9
59.4
53.6
60.3
57.0
54.0
52.6
51.7
50.8
50.7
50.8
50.7
51.6
53.2
Argentina
Bolivia
Brasil / Brazil
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cuba
Ecuador
El Salvador
Guatemala
Hait / Haiti
Honduras
Mxico / Mexico
Nicaragua
Panam / Panama
Paraguay
Per / Peru
Dominican Republic
Uruguay
(Bol. Rep. of)
a
a
Relacin de dependencia =((poblacin de 0 a 14 aos + poblacin de 65 aos y ms)/ poblacin de 15 a 64 aos) * 100.
Dependency ratio = (( population aged 0-14 +population aged 65 and over)/ population aged 15-64)*100.
64
Mortalidad
Cuadro 11 / Table 11
AMRICA LATINA: DEFUNCIONES ANUALES, POR QUINQUENIOS Y PASES

LATIN AMERICA: ANNUAL DEATHS ESTIMATED, BY five-year period AND COUNTRY
1950-2050

Defunciones anuales (por mil) / Annual deaths (per thousand)
Pases / Country

1950-
1955
1955-
1960
1960-
1965
1965-
1970
1970-
1975
1975-
1980
1980-
1985
1985-
1990
1990-
1995
19952000
Amrica Latina / Latin America
2 719
2 757
2 830
2 893
2 920
2 929
2 939
2 931
2 974
3 049
165
70
902
87
220
14
67
70
41
76
89
39
496
33
12
14
176
171
73
945
96
206
15
63
70
42
78
87
40
475
33
12
15
183
190
77
984
100
207
15
64
70
41
80
86
40
473
32
12
16
188
211
81
996
94
211
14
60
73
42
80
84
40
501
32
12
18
192
226
85
1 012
88
209
13
58
74
43
78
84
40
513
32
12
19
181
242
81
1 040
80
207
12
57
73
49
80
87
38
483
34
12
21
177
249
75
1 073
74
197
12
63
69
51
81
94
36
463
35
12
24
167
266
72
1 057
75
209
13
72
65
39
78
93
33
458
33
12
26
161
276
70
1 060
76
229
14
79
63
36
76
93
33
460
29
13
28
158
284
71
1 097
80
234
15
82
63
37
73
93
33
460
27
15
30
160
53
24
54
25
53
25
51
27
48
28
46
29
46
29
46
30
47
31
51
31
70
74
77
77
77
82
89
93
102
115
Argentina
Bolivia
Brasil / Brazil
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cuba
Ecuador
El Salvador
Guatemala
Hait / Haiti
Honduras
Mxico / Mexico
Nicaragua
Panam / Panama
Paraguay
Per / Peru
Dominican Republic
Uruguay
(Bol. Rep. of)
Pases / Country

2000-
2005
2005-
2010
2010-
2015
2015-
2020
2020-
2025
2025-
2030
2030-
2035
2035-
2040
2040-
2045
20452050
Amrica Latina / Latin America
3 213
3 406
3 647
3 938
4 310
4 763
5 304
5 870
6 465
7 028
Argentina
Bolivia
Brasil / Brazil
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cuba
Ecuador
El Salvador
Guatemala
Hait / Haiti
Honduras
Mxico / Mexico
Nicaragua
Panam / Panama
Paraguay
Per / Peru
Dominican Republic
Uruguay
(Bol. Rep. of)
297
73
1 164
82
245
17
85
64
39
73
94
35
490
27
16
32
165
308
75
1 242
92
259
19
84
71
42
78
91
37
522
27
17
35
174
319
77
1 336
103
280
21
86
78
45
83
92
40
566
28
19
37
184
331
80
1 442
116
309
24
93
87
48
88
93
43
621
30
21
41
196
347
83
1 574
131
344
28
103
97
52
95
95
46
698
32
24
45
211
369
88
1 738
148
388
33
113
108
57
103
96
51
789
36
27
49
231
393
93
1 923
167
443
39
124
122
62
112
98
57
908
41
31
56
256
417
100
2 116
188
496
46
134
136
69
121
102
63
1 033
48
34
62
283
442
109
2 314
208
553
53
150
150
76
133
109
70
1 159
54
39
69
313
470
118
2 478
220
604
58
159
166
86
148
117
79
1 299
61
43
76
342
55
31
59
31
64
32
69
32
76
32
83
33
91
35
101
37
112
38
121
39
130
144
159
177
199
226
255
284
316
346
65
Mortality
ARGENTINA: TABLAS ABREVIADAS DE MORTALIDAD

ARGENTINA: ABRIDGED LIFE TABLES
1980-1985
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
97 034
384 321
478 941
477 723
475 914
472 969
469 279
465 027
459 462
451 062
437 876
417 998
389 630
350 721
300 364
238 182
168 523
146 906
0.96271 a
0.99498 b
0.99746
0.99621
0.99381
0.99220
0.99094
0.98803
0.98172
0.97077
0.95460
0.93213
0.90014
0.85642
0.79298
0.70754
0.46573 c
0.00000
6 681 934
6 584 900
6 200 579
5 721 637
5 243 914
4 767 999
4 295 030
3 825 750
3 360 723
2 901 262
2 450 200
2 012 324
1 594 325
1 204 696
853 975
553 611
315 428
146 906
66.82
68.27
64.65
59.81
54.96
50.22
45.57
40.93
36.32
31.80
27.47
23.41
19.63
16.14
13.00
10.16
7.73
5.52
97 627
387 104
482 680
481 830
480 686
479 028
476 962
474 368
470 779
465 649
458 511
448 483
434 264
414 005
384 680
339 301
274 586
323 422
0.96946 a
0.99577 b
0.99824
0.99763
0.99655
0.99569
0.99456
0.99243
0.98910
0.98467
0.97813
0.96830
0.95335
0.92917
0.88203
0.80927
0.54083 c
0.00000
7 373 966
7 276 339
6 889 235
6 406 556
5 924 725
5 444 039
4 965 011
4 488 049
4 013 681
3 542 901
3 077 252
2 618 741
2 170 258
1 735 994
1 321 990
937 309
598 008
323 422
73.74
74.92
71.30
66.42
61.53
56.71
51.93
47.16
42.44
37.80
33.26
28.82
24.52
20.38
16.44
12.76
9.60
6.80
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.03659
0.00141
0.00050
0.00052
0.00100
0.00148
0.00165
0.00199
0.00283
0.00457
0.00734
0.01133
0.01697
0.02552
0.03726
0.05744
0.08416
0.18116
0.03550
0.00561
0.00251
0.00257
0.00500
0.00738
0.00823
0.00990
0.01405
0.02257
0.03605
0.05509
0.08139
0.11996
0.17042
0.25114
0.34764
1.00000
100 000
96 450
95 909
95 668
95 422
94 944
94 244
93 468
92 543
91 242
89 183
85 967
81 232
74 620
65 668
54 477
40 796
26 613
3 550
541
241
246
477
701
775
926
1 301
2 059
3 215
4 736
6 612
8 952
11 191
13 681
14 182
26 613
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
66
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.02945
0.00130
0.00036
0.00035
0.00060
0.00078
0.00095
0.00123
0.00181
0.00258
0.00361
0.00526
0.00767
0.01153
0.01808
0.03299
0.05350
0.14709
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
0.02875
0.00518
0.00178
0.00174
0.00301
0.00389
0.00474
0.00614
0.00900
0.01281
0.01788
0.02594
0.03763
0.05603
0.08651
0.15240
0.23595
1.00000
100 000
97 125
96 622
96 450
96 282
95 992
95 619
95 166
94 581
93 730
92 529
90 875
88 518
85 187
80 414
73 458
62 263
47 572
2 875
503
172
168
290
373
453
585
851
1 201
1 654
2 357
3 331
4 773
6 957
11 195
14 691
47 572
Mortalidad

1985-1990
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
97 470
386 636
481 934
480 801
479 009
476 059
472 404
468 262
462 891
454 834
442 164
422 774
394 647
356 041
306 019
243 906
173 555
158 638
0.96821 a
0.99552 b
0.99765
0.99627
0.99384
0.99232
0.99123
0.98853
0.98259
0.97214
0.95615
0.93347
0.90218
0.85951
0.79703
0.71157
0.47755 c
0.00000
6 758 042
6 660 573
6 273 937
5 792 003
5 311 203
4 832 194
4 356 135
3 883 731
3 415 469
2 952 578
2 497 744
2 055 580
1 632 806
1 238 159
882 119
576 100
332 193
158 638
67.58
68.67
65.02
60.16
55.30
50.57
45.92
41.27
36.64
32.11
27.76
23.66
19.86
16.37
13.21
10.36
7.92
5.77
97 993
389 092
485 254
484 470
483 412
481 876
479 945
477 499
474 114
469 247
462 360
452 594
438 729
418 977
390 282
346 258
282 570
347 424
0.97417 a
0.99624 b
0.99838
0.99782
0.99682
0.99599
0.99490
0.99291
0.98974
0.98532
0.97888
0.96936
0.95498
0.93151
0.88720
0.81607
0.55147 c
0.00000
7 462 095
7 364 103
6 975 011
6 489 757
6 005 287
5 521 875
5 040 000
4 560 055
4 082 556
3 608 442
3 139 195
2 676 835
2 224 241
1 785 512
1 366 535
976 253
629 995
347 424
74.62
75.46
71.81
66.92
62.03
57.19
52.39
47.61
42.87
38.22
33.65
29.20
24.89
20.73
16.77
13.08
9.87
7.07
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.03081
0.00130
0.00045
0.00049
0.00101
0.00147
0.00162
0.00191
0.00271
0.00433
0.00701
0.01101
0.01671
0.02485
0.03647
0.05611
0.08329
0.17324
0.03003
0.00517
0.00226
0.00244
0.00501
0.00731
0.00805
0.00949
0.01346
0.02141
0.03445
0.05359
0.08020
0.11699
0.16711
0.24602
0.34469
1.00000
100 000
96 997
96 496
96 278
96 043
95 561
94 863
94 099
93 206
91 951
89 983
86 883
82 227
75 632
66 784
55 624
41 939
27 483
3 003
501
218
235
482
699
764
893
1 255
1 968
3 100
4 656
6 594
8 848
11 161
13 684
14 456
27 483
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.02460
0.00118
0.00033
0.00032
0.00055
0.00072
0.00089
0.00116
0.00169
0.00244
0.00348
0.00507
0.00741
0.01110
0.01749
0.03114
0.05200
0.14152
0.02411
0.00470
0.00163
0.00160
0.00277
0.00359
0.00443
0.00577
0.00842
0.01212
0.01726
0.02505
0.03637
0.05400
0.08381
0.14444
0.23008
1.00000
100 000
97 589
97 130
96 972
96 816
96 548
96 202
95 776
95 224
94 422
93 277
91 667
89 371
86 121
81 470
74 642
63 861
49 167
2 411
459
158
155
268
346
426
552
802
1 145
1 610
2 296
3 250
4 650
6 828
10 782
14 693
49 167
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
67
Mortality

1990-1995
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
97 705
388 131
484 048
483 089
481 406
478 507
474 882
470 819
465 692
458 274
446 790
428 888
402 155
365 058
316 389
255 150
184 094
178 914
0.97167 a
0.99632 b
0.99802
0.99652
0.99398
0.99242
0.99144
0.98911
0.98407
0.97494
0.95993
0.93767
0.90776
0.86668
0.80644
0.72151
0.49287 c
0.00000
6 859 992
6 762 287
6 374 155
5 890 107
5 407 017
4 925 611
4 447 104
3 972 222
3 501 404
3 035 712
2 577 438
2 130 648
1 701 760
1 299 605
934 547
618 158
363 008
178 914
68.60
69.50
65.78
60.90
56.02
51.28
46.64
41.99
37.36
32.80
28.40
24.22
20.36
16.82
13.59
10.70
8.20
6.09
98 186
390 369
487 048
486 381
485 489
484 188
482 514
480 353
477 361
473 018
466 672
457 485
444 341
425 554
398 119
356 932
296 128
389 778
0.97711 a
0.99692 b
0.99863
0.99817
0.99732
0.99654
0.99552
0.99377
0.99090
0.98658
0.98032
0.97127
0.95772
0.93553
0.89654
0.82965
0.56827 c
0.00000
7 579 916
7 481 730
7 091 361
6 604 313
6 117 932
5 632 443
5 148 256
4 665 742
4 185 389
3 708 028
3 235 009
2 768 338
2 310 852
1 866 511
1 440 957
1 042 837
685 906
389 778
75.80
76.47
72.75
67.85
62.93
58.08
53.25
48.44
43.68
38.98
34.38
29.90
25.56
21.37
17.38
13.66
10.33
7.49
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.02763
0.00103
0.00037
0.00042
0.00097
0.00145
0.00160
0.00184
0.00254
0.00389
0.00629
0.01014
0.01577
0.02327
0.03468
0.05300
0.08093
0.16415
0.02700
0.00412
0.00185
0.00212
0.00485
0.00720
0.00795
0.00916
0.01263
0.01927
0.03097
0.04946
0.07587
0.10996
0.15957
0.23400
0.33657
1.00000
100 000
97 300
96 899
96 720
96 515
96 047
95 356
94 597
93 730
92 546
90 763
87 953
83 602
77 259
68 764
57 792
44 268
29 369
2 700
401
179
205
468
692
758
867
1 184
1 783
2 811
4 350
6 343
8 495
10 972
13 523
14 899
29 369
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
68
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.02200
0.00093
0.00028
0.00027
0.00046
0.00061
0.00078
0.00102
0.00148
0.00218
0.00323
0.00474
0.00696
0.01039
0.01645
0.02781
0.04862
0.13348
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
0.02160
0.00371
0.00139
0.00135
0.00232
0.00305
0.00387
0.00509
0.00737
0.01083
0.01603
0.02340
0.03419
0.05066
0.07902
0.12999
0.21674
1.00000
100 000
97 840
97 477
97 342
97 210
96 985
96 690
96 316
95 826
95 119
94 088
92 580
90 414
87 323
82 899
76 349
66 424
52 027
2 160
363
135
132
225
295
374
490
707
1 031
1 508
2 166
3 091
4 424
6 550
9 925
14 397
52 027
Mortalidad

1995-2000
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
97 943
389 567
486 052
485 204
483 775
481 020
477 203
472 663
467 126
459 814
449 291
433 481
409 774
375 496
328 530
268 497
197 214
202 374
0.97502 a
0.99701 b
0.99825
0.99705
0.99431
0.99206
0.99049
0.98829
0.98435
0.97712
0.96481
0.94531
0.91635
0.87492
0.81727
0.73451
0.50646 c
0.00000
6 965 024
6 867 081
6 477 513
5 991 461
5 506 257
5 022 482
4 541 462
4 064 259
3 591 596
3 124 470
2 664 656
2 215 365
1 781 884
1 372 111
996 615
668 085
399 588
202 374
69.65
70.37
66.57
61.69
56.79
52.02
47.38
42.77
38.19
33.67
29.24
25.00
21.01
17.34
14.02
11.07
8.49
6.36
98 370
391 554
488 726
488 115
487 351
486 220
484 721
482 759
480 042
476 104
470 262
461 604
448 910
430 466
403 612
364 473
307 443
444 352
0.97985 a
0.99755 b
0.99875
0.99843
0.99768
0.99692
0.99595
0.99437
0.99180
0.98773
0.98159
0.97250
0.95891
0.93762
0.90303
0.84353
0.59105 c
0.00000
7 695 084
7 596 713
7 205 160
6 716 434
6 228 318
5 740 967
5 254 747
4 770 026
4 287 268
3 807 226
3 331 122
2 860 860
2 399 255
1 950 345
1 519 879
1 116 267
751 795
444 352
76.95
77.47
73.67
68.76
63.84
58.96
54.11
49.29
44.51
39.79
35.16
30.65
26.28
22.09
18.11
14.40
11.01
8.12
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.02471
0.00072
0.00036
0.00034
0.00084
0.00145
0.00174
0.00208
0.00263
0.00368
0.00560
0.00879
0.01385
0.02141
0.03272
0.04940
0.07732
0.15723
0.02420
0.00289
0.00179
0.00170
0.00419
0.00720
0.00868
0.01036
0.01309
0.01825
0.02760
0.04299
0.06691
0.10159
0.15122
0.21986
0.32397
1.00000
100 000
97 580
97 298
97 123
96 958
96 552
95 856
95 025
94 041
92 810
91 116
88 601
84 792
79 118
71 080
60 332
47 067
31 819
2 420
282
174
165
406
695
832
984
1 231
1 694
2 515
3 809
5 674
8 038
10 749
13 265
15 249
31 819
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01972
0.00064
0.00026
0.00024
0.00039
0.00054
0.00069
0.00093
0.00133
0.00197
0.00298
0.00447
0.00671
0.01014
0.01580
0.02546
0.04402
0.12315
0.01940
0.00256
0.00130
0.00120
0.00193
0.00271
0.00346
0.00464
0.00662
0.00980
0.01477
0.02211
0.03302
0.04943
0.07601
0.11966
0.19828
1.00000
100 000
98 060
97 809
97 682
97 565
97 376
97 112
96 776
96 327
95 690
94 752
93 353
91 289
88 275
83 911
77 533
68 256
54 722
1 940
251
127
117
189
264
336
449
637
938
1 399
2 064
3 014
4 364
6 378
9 278
13 534
54 722
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
69
Mortality

2000-2005
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
98 551
392 483
489 720
488 899
487 520
484 868
481 184
476 786
471 400
464 264
453 975
438 499
415 261
381 577
335 242
275 671
204 370
219 677
0.98207 a
0.99733 b
0.99832
0.99718
0.99456
0.99240
0.99086
0.98870
0.98486
0.97784
0.96591
0.94701
0.91888
0.87857
0.82231
0.74136
0.51805 c
0.00000
7 059 946
6 961 396
6 568 913
6 079 193
5 590 294
5 102 774
4 617 906
4 136 722
3 659 936
3 188 535
2 724 271
2 270 296
1 831 797
1 416 536
1 034 959
699 718
424 047
219 677
70.60
70.82
67.01
62.12
57.22
52.44
47.79
43.17
38.57
34.04
29.60
25.35
21.34
17.65
14.30
11.33
8.74
6.61
98 904
394 180
492 050
491 469
490 747
489 676
488 248
486 372
483 771
479 997
474 381
466 024
453 717
435 768
409 581
371 434
315 710
487 886
0.98617 a
0.99790 b
0.99882
0.99853
0.99782
0.99708
0.99616
0.99465
0.99220
0.98830
0.98238
0.97359
0.96044
0.93991
0.90686
0.84998
0.60713 c
0.00000
7 809 916
7 711 012
7 316 832
6 824 781
6 333 312
5 842 565
5 352 889
4 864 641
4 378 268
3 894 497
3 414 501
2 940 120
2 474 095
2 020 378
1 584 611
1 175 029
803 595
487 886
78.10
78.13
74.30
69.39
64.47
59.58
54.73
49.90
45.11
40.38
35.74
31.21
26.83
22.63
18.64
14.91
11.52
8.63
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01725
0.00069
0.00034
0.00033
0.00080
0.00138
0.00167
0.00200
0.00254
0.00357
0.00542
0.00851
0.01340
0.02073
0.03170
0.04789
0.07495
0.15120
0.01700
0.00276
0.00172
0.00163
0.00401
0.00688
0.00832
0.00997
0.01264
0.01767
0.02674
0.04165
0.06483
0.09853
0.14684
0.21386
0.31561
1.00000
100 000
98 300
98 028
97 860
97 700
97 308
96 639
95 835
94 880
93 680
92 025
89 565
85 835
80 270
72 361
61 736
48 533
33 215
1 700
272
169
160
392
670
804
955
1 199
1 655
2 460
3 730
5 565
7 909
10 626
13 203
15 317
33 215
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
70
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01314
0.00058
0.00025
0.00023
0.00036
0.00051
0.00066
0.00088
0.00126
0.00187
0.00284
0.00428
0.00645
0.00976
0.01519
0.02433
0.04198
0.11584
P(b.5) = [L(0.1) + L(1.4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5.5) / [L(0.1) + L(1.4)].
P(75.) = T(80) / T(75).
0.01300
0.00232
0.00124
0.00113
0.00181
0.00256
0.00327
0.00441
0.00629
0.00933
0.01409
0.02119
0.03175
0.04763
0.07317
0.11468
0.18995
1.00000
100 000
98 700
98 471
98 349
98 238
98 061
97 810
97 490
97 059
96 449
95 550
94 203
92 207
89 280
85 027
78 805
69 768
56 516
1 300
229
122
111
178
251
320
430
610
900
1 347
1 996
2 927
4 253
6 222
9 037
13 253
56 516
Mortalidad

2005-2010
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
98 715
393 358
490 875
490 118
488 859
486 444
483 079
479 028
474 020
467 332
457 644
443 033
421 033
388 990
344 571
286 791
216 522
245 492
0.98415 a
0.99757 b
0.99846
0.99743
0.99506
0.99308
0.99161
0.98954
0.98589
0.97927
0.96807
0.95034
0.92390
0.88581
0.83232
0.75498
0.53135 c
0.00000
7 155 906
7 057 192
6 663 833
6 172 958
5 682 839
5 193 981
4 707 537
4 224 458
3 745 429
3 271 409
2 804 077
2 346 432
1 903 399
1 482 366
1 093 376
748 805
462 014
245 492
71.56
71.65
67.82
62.93
58.02
53.22
48.54
43.89
39.28
34.71
30.25
25.96
21.92
18.17
14.77
11.74
9.07
6.88
98 999
394 735
492 803
492 280
491 632
490 668
489 378
487 673
485 300
481 844
476 691
469 002
457 639
440 990
416 564
380 718
327 835
531 155
0.98747 a
0.99811 b
0.99894
0.99868
0.99804
0.99737
0.99652
0.99513
0.99288
0.98930
0.98387
0.97577
0.96362
0.94461
0.91395
0.86110
0.61835 c
0.00000
7 905 906
7 806 908
7 412 172
6 919 369
6 427 089
5 935 457
5 444 789
4 955 411
4 467 738
3 982 438
3 500 594
3 023 903
2 554 901
2 097 262
1 656 272
1 239 708
858 990
531 155
79.06
79.00
75.16
70.24
65.31
60.41
55.55
50.70
45.90
41.15
36.48
31.92
27.51
23.26
19.21
15.42
11.95
8.96
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01520
0.00063
0.00032
0.00030
0.00073
0.00125
0.00153
0.00184
0.00236
0.00333
0.00507
0.00796
0.01253
0.01939
0.02968
0.04493
0.07030
0.14539
0.01500
0.00251
0.00158
0.00150
0.00364
0.00624
0.00760
0.00918
0.01174
0.01650
0.02503
0.03900
0.06075
0.09246
0.13814
0.20196
0.29897
1.00000
100 000
98 500
98 253
98 097
97 950
97 593
96 984
96 247
95 364
94 244
92 689
90 369
86 844
81 569
74 027
63 801
50 916
35 693
1 500
247
156
147
357
609
737
883
1 120
1 555
2 320
3 525
5 275
7 542
10 226
12 885
15 222
35 693
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01192
0.00052
0.00022
0.00020
0.00032
0.00046
0.00059
0.00080
0.00115
0.00171
0.00259
0.00392
0.00591
0.00896
0.01397
0.02238
0.03853
0.11155
0.01180
0.00207
0.00111
0.00101
0.00162
0.00230
0.00296
0.00401
0.00573
0.00852
0.01289
0.01941
0.02914
0.04383
0.06747
0.10597
0.17574
1.00000
100 000
98 820
98 615
98 506
98 406
98 247
98 021
97 731
97 339
96 781
95 957
94 720
92 881
90 174
86 222
80 404
71 883
59 251
1 180
205
110
100
160
226
290
392
558
824
1 237
1 839
2 707
3 953
5 818
8 521
12 633
59 251
P(b.5) = [L(0.1) + L(1.4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5.5) / [L(0.1) + L(1.4)].
P(75.) = T(80) / T(75).
71
Mortality

2010-2015
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
98 855
394 105
491 865
491 166
490 014
487 814
484 738
481 001
476 335
470 055
460 915
447 095
426 232
395 712
353 098
297 066
227 922
270 943
0.98592 a
0.99778 b
0.99858
0.99765
0.99551
0.99369
0.99229
0.99030
0.98681
0.98056
0.97002
0.95334
0.92840
0.89231
0.84131
0.76724
0.54312 c
0.00000
7 244 930
7 146 075
6 751 970
6 260 105
5 768 939
5 278 925
4 791 111
4 306 373
3 825 372
3 349 037
2 878 982
2 418 067
1 970 973
1 544 741
1 149 030
795 931
498 865
270 943
72.45
72.42
68.59
63.68
58.77
53.95
49.25
44.58
39.93
35.35
30.86
26.55
22.46
18.67
15.21
12.12
9.39
7.12
99 095
395 280
493 536
493 065
492 481
491 611
490 441
488 886
486 711
483 536
478 788
471 687
461 156
445 660
422 804
389 038
338 782
572 375
0.98875 a
0.99830 b
0.99904
0.99882
0.99823
0.99762
0.99683
0.99555
0.99348
0.99018
0.98517
0.97767
0.96640
0.94872
0.92014
0.87082
0.62818 c
0.00000
7 994 930
7 895 835
7 500 555
7 007 019
6 513 954
6 021 473
5 529 862
5 039 422
4 550 536
4 063 824
3 580 289
3 101 501
2 629 814
2 168 658
1 722 999
1 300 194
911 157
572 375
79.95
79.80
75.95
71.02
66.09
61.18
56.30
51.45
46.63
41.86
37.17
32.58
28.13
23.84
19.74
15.89
12.35
9.27
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01345
0.00057
0.00029
0.00028
0.00066
0.00114
0.00139
0.00170
0.00220
0.00312
0.00475
0.00746
0.01175
0.01819
0.02788
0.04230
0.06621
0.14039
0.01330
0.00228
0.00146
0.00138
0.00331
0.00567
0.00695
0.00847
0.01094
0.01546
0.02349
0.03663
0.05708
0.08701
0.13034
0.19129
0.28404
1.00000
100 000
98 670
98 445
98 301
98 165
97 840
97 286
96 609
95 791
94 743
93 279
91 087
87 751
82 742
75 543
65 697
53 130
38 039
1 330
225
144
136
325
555
676
819
1 048
1 465
2 191
3 337
5 008
7 199
9 846
12 567
15 091
38 039
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
72
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01070
0.00046
0.00020
0.00018
0.00029
0.00042
0.00054
0.00073
0.00105
0.00157
0.00238
0.00360
0.00545
0.00827
0.01290
0.02069
0.03557
0.10785
P(b.5) = [L(0.1) + L(1.4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5.5) / [L(0.1) + L(1.4)].
P(75.) = T(80) / T(75).
0.01060
0.00185
0.00100
0.00091
0.00146
0.00207
0.00269
0.00366
0.00524
0.00781
0.01184
0.01786
0.02687
0.04052
0.06250
0.09838
0.16334
1.00000
100 000
98 940
98 757
98 658
98 568
98 424
98 220
97 956
97 598
97 086
96 328
95 187
93 487
90 975
87 289
81 833
73 782
61 731
1 060
183
99
90
144
204
264
358
512
759
1 140
1 700
2 512
3 686
5 456
8 051
12 051
61 731
Mortalidad

2015-2020
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
98 980
394 763
492 742
492 095
491 040
489 034
486 218
482 767
478 412
472 501
463 860
450 763
430 944
401 833
360 915
306 569
238 603
295 910
0.98749 a
0.99797 b
0.99869
0.99785
0.99592
0.99424
0.99290
0.99098
0.98765
0.98171
0.97176
0.95603
0.93245
0.89817
0.84942
0.77830
0.55361 c
0.00000
7 327 949
7 228 969
6 834 206
6 341 465
5 849 369
5 358 330
4 869 296
4 383 077
3 900 311
3 421 898
2 949 397
2 485 537
2 034 774
1 603 829
1 201 996
841 081
534 512
295 910
73.28
73.15
69.30
64.39
59.47
54.64
49.91
45.22
40.55
35.95
31.44
27.09
22.97
19.14
15.63
12.47
9.69
7.35
99 176
395 737
494 157
493 732
493 207
492 423
491 362
489 943
487 950
485 030
480 653
474 088
464 322
449 888
428 490
396 675
348 935
612 178
0.98983 a
0.99847 b
0.99914
0.99894
0.99841
0.99785
0.99711
0.99593
0.99401
0.99098
0.98634
0.97940
0.96891
0.95244
0.92575
0.87965
0.63695 c
0.00000
8 077 945
7 978 769
7 583 032
7 088 875
6 595 142
6 101 935
5 609 513
5 118 151
4 628 208
4 140 258
3 655 228
3 174 575
2 700 487
2 236 165
1 786 278
1 357 787
961 113
612 178
80.78
80.56
76.69
71.76
66.82
61.90
57.01
52.14
47.31
42.53
37.82
33.21
28.72
24.39
20.24
16.33
12.72
9.56
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01192
0.00052
0.00027
0.00025
0.00060
0.00103
0.00128
0.00157
0.00205
0.00293
0.00447
0.00702
0.01105
0.01713
0.02628
0.03997
0.06259
0.13603
0.01180
0.00208
0.00135
0.00127
0.00302
0.00515
0.00637
0.00784
0.01021
0.01452
0.02211
0.03450
0.05377
0.08211
0.12331
0.18168
0.27060
1.00000
100 000
98 820
98 615
98 482
98 356
98 059
97 554
96 933
96 173
95 191
93 809
91 735
88 570
83 807
76 926
67 440
55 188
40 254
1 180
205
133
125
297
505
621
760
982
1 382
2 074
3 165
4 763
6 882
9 486
12 252
14 934
40 254
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.00968
0.00041
0.00018
0.00016
0.00026
0.00037
0.00049
0.00067
0.00096
0.00144
0.00219
0.00332
0.00503
0.00765
0.01195
0.01918
0.03292
0.10461
0.00960
0.00166
0.00090
0.00082
0.00131
0.00187
0.00244
0.00334
0.00480
0.00717
0.01089
0.01646
0.02481
0.03752
0.05800
0.09150
0.15210
1.00000
100 000
99 040
98 876
98 787
98 706
98 577
98 392
98 152
97 825
97 355
96 657
95 604
94 031
91 698
88 257
83 139
75 531
64 043
960
164
89
81
129
184
240
327
470
698
1 052
1 573
2 333
3 440
5 119
7 608
11 488
64 043
P(b.5) = [L(0.1) + L(1.4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5.5) / [L(0.1) + L(1.4)].
P(75.) = T(80) / T(75).
73
Mortality
BOLIVIA: TABLAS ABREVIADAS DE MORTALIDAD

BOLIVIA: ABRIDGED LIFE TABLES
1980-1985
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
91 603
0.85894 a
337 866
0.95134 b
408 570
0.98274
401 517
0.98421
395 177
0.97856
386 706
0.97520
377 117
0.97313
366 982
0.96962
355 834
0.96368
342 911
0.95456
327 327
0.94119
308 077
0.92140
283 863
0.89294
253 472
0.84671
214 616
0.76789
164 801
0.64994
107 110
0.41637 c
76 415
5 199 964
5 108 361
4 770 495
4 361 925
3 960 408
3 565 231
3 178 525
2 801 409
2 434 427
2 078 592
1 735 682
1 408 354
1 100 278
816 414
562 942
348 326
183 525
76 415
52.00
57.79
57.75
53.97
49.64
45.54
41.60
37.63
33.65
29.70
25.84
22.09
18.50
15.10
11.90
9.04
6.70
4.95
92 670
0.87608 a
345 370
0.95789 b
419 593
0.98519
413 377
0.98690
407 963
0.98264
400 881
0.98008
392 896
0.97829
384 367
0.97532
374 882
0.97074
363 912
0.96341
350 597
0.95223
333 850
0.93744
312 965
0.91607
286 699
0.87765
251 622
0.80635
202 896
0.69339
140 687
0.44914 c
114 709
5 589 937
5 497 267
5 151 897
4 732 304
4 318 927
3 910 964
3 510 083
3 117 186
2 732 819
2 357 937
1 994 025
1 643 428
1 309 578
996 613
709 914
458 292
255 396
114 709
55.90
61.22
60.82
56.93
52.52
48.31
44.21
40.09
35.97
31.88
27.85
23.94
20.18
16.53
13.05
9.91
7.32
5.37
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.12663
0.01713
0.00439
0.00256
0.00382
0.00486
0.00519
0.00572
0.00663
0.00819
0.01046
0.01388
0.01906
0.02662
0.04098
0.06754
0.11153
0.20217
0.11600
0.06549
0.02171
0.01272
0.01890
0.02402
0.02560
0.02818
0.03263
0.04013
0.05098
0.06706
0.09096
0.12478
0.18587
0.28892
0.43606
1.00000
100 000
88 400
82 611
80 817
79 789
78 281
76 401
74 445
72 347
69 987
67 178
63 753
59 478
54 068
47 321
38 525
27 395
15 449
11 600
5 789
1 793
1 028
1 508
1 880
1 956
2 098
2 361
2 809
3 425
4 276
5 410
6 747
8 796
11 131
11 946
15 449
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
74
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.11007
0.01473
0.00379
0.00217
0.00311
0.00390
0.00415
0.00464
0.00537
0.00653
0.00842
0.01123
0.01472
0.02058
0.03231
0.05599
0.09612
0.18635
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)]
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
0.10200
0.05665
0.01876
0.01079
0.01543
0.01932
0.02053
0.02291
0.02649
0.03211
0.04121
0.05460
0.07097
0.09787
0.14948
0.24558
0.38750
1.00000
100 000
89 800
84 713
83 124
82 227
80 958
79 394
77 764
75 983
73 970
71 595
68 644
64 896
60 290
54 389
46 259
34 899
21 376
10 200
5 087
1 589
897
1 269
1 564
1 630
1 782
2 013
2 375
2 951
3 748
4 606
5 901
8 130
11 360
13 523
21 376
Mortalidad

1985-1990
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
92 799
0.88871 a
351 555
0.96527 b
428 921
0.98440
422 230
0.98553
416 122
0.98088
408 167
0.97831
399 312
0.97615
389 790
0.97246
379 054
0.96629
366 275
0.95672
350 421
0.94358
330 649
0.92516
305 905
0.90100
275 621
0.86067
237 220
0.78633
186 534
0.67122
125 205
0.42938 c
94 214
5 559 993
5 467 194
5 115 639
4 686 718
4 264 488
3 848 366
3 440 200
3 040 887
2 651 097
2 272 044
1 905 769
1 555 348
1 224 699
918 794
643 173
405 953
219 419
94 214
55.60
60.48
59.05
55.18
50.80
46.65
42.59
38.52
34.45
30.43
26.52
22.77
19.15
15.73
12.41
9.43
6.95
5.09
93 696
0.90073 a
356 667
0.96789 b
435 902
0.98609
429 839
0.98776
424 579
0.98437
417 945
0.98247
410 617
0.98059
402 644
0.97743
393 558
0.97281
382 856
0.96524
369 546
0.95422
352 628
0.94125
331 913
0.92452
306 861
0.89184
273 672
0.82486
225 741
0.71490
161 384
0.46442 c
139 940
5 909 987
5 816 291
5 459 623
5 023 721
4 593 882
4 169 303
3 751 359
3 340 742
2 938 098
2 544 540
2 161 684
1 792 139
1 439 510
1 107 598
800 737
527 065
301 323
139 940
59.10
63.50
62.07
58.14
53.71
49.46
45.27
41.06
36.87
32.73
28.67
24.75
20.97
17.27
13.66
10.36
7.64
5.57
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.10345
0.01072
0.00394
0.00233
0.00351
0.00422
0.00456
0.00511
0.00608
0.00766
0.01009
0.01323
0.01805
0.02391
0.03697
0.06167
0.10405
0.19665
0.09600
0.04170
0.01953
0.01159
0.01738
0.02088
0.02252
0.02520
0.02994
0.03760
0.04919
0.06404
0.08638
0.11281
0.16921
0.26717
0.41285
1.00000
100 000
90 400
86 630
84 938
83 954
82 495
80 772
78 953
76 963
74 659
71 851
68 317
63 942
58 419
51 829
43 059
31 555
18 527
9 600
3 770
1 692
984
1 459
1 723
1 819
1 990
2 304
2 807
3 534
4 375
5 523
6 590
8 770
11 504
13 027
18 527
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.08965
0.01022
0.00355
0.00204
0.00289
0.00341
0.00366
0.00418
0.00495
0.00609
0.00810
0.01070
0.01359
0.01795
0.02838
0.05052
0.08884
0.17942
0.08400
0.03980
0.01760
0.01015
0.01434
0.01693
0.01815
0.02070
0.02447
0.02998
0.03969
0.05212
0.06574
0.08590
0.13250
0.22429
0.36349
1.00000
100 000
91 600
87 955
86 406
85 529
84 302
82 875
81 371
79 687
77 737
75 406
72 413
68 639
64 126
58 618
50 851
39 446
25 108
8 400
3 645
1 548
877
1 227
1 427
1 504
1 685
1 950
2 331
2 993
3 774
4 512
5 508
7 767
11 405
14 338
25 108
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
75
Mortality

1990-1995
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
93 903
0.91184 a
362 017
0.97459 b
444 336
0.98549
437 890
0.98640
431 935
0.98241
424 336
0.98035
415 996
0.97814
406 903
0.97432
396 453
0.96800
383 765
0.95814
367 700
0.94514
347 530
0.92763
322 380
0.90631
292 177
0.86986
254 154
0.79848
202 938
0.68522
139 058
0.43834 c
108 528
5 831 999
5 738 096
5 376 079
4 931 743
4 493 853
4 061 918
3 637 582
3 221 585
2 814 682
2 418 230
2 034 464
1 666 765
1 319 235
996 855
704 678
450 523
247 585
108 528
58.32
62.32
59.95
56.01
51.59
47.41
43.27
39.13
35.00
30.94
27.00
23.24
19.61
16.16
12.77
9.70
7.13
5.19
94 495
0.91988 a
365 444
0.97616 b
448 974
0.98685
443 071
0.98849
437 973
0.98584
431 772
0.98448
425 073
0.98253
417 645
0.97922
408 966
0.97456
398 561
0.96678
385 320
0.95590
368 329
0.94448
347 880
0.93169
324 117
0.90388
292 964
0.84057
246 256
0.73316
180 545
0.47692 c
164 615
6 182 000
6 087 505
5 722 061
5 273 087
4 830 016
4 392 043
3 960 271
3 535 199
3 117 554
2 708 588
2 310 027
1 924 707
1 556 377
1 208 497
884 380
591 416
345 160
164 615
61.82
65.51
63.19
59.22
54.77
50.48
46.21
41.92
37.68
33.50
29.40
25.47
21.68
17.94
14.20
10.77
7.92
5.75
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.08434
0.00663
0.00365
0.00218
0.00330
0.00380
0.00414
0.00470
0.00572
0.00732
0.00984
0.01281
0.01740
0.02215
0.03438
0.05790
0.09925
0.19267
0.07920
0.02608
0.01810
0.01085
0.01638
0.01883
0.02050
0.02325
0.02818
0.03594
0.04801
0.06205
0.08337
0.10495
0.15828
0.25289
0.39761
1.00000
100 000
92 080
89 679
88 056
87 100
85 674
84 061
82 338
80 424
78 157
75 349
71 731
67 281
61 672
55 199
46 463
34 713
20 911
7 920
2 401
1 623
955
1 427
1 613
1 723
1 914
2 266
2 809
3 617
4 451
5 609
6 472
8 737
11 750
13 802
20 911
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
76
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.07492
0.00649
0.00335
0.00193
0.00270
0.00300
0.00325
0.00380
0.00461
0.00572
0.00783
0.01026
0.01265
0.01575
0.02511
0.04600
0.08285
0.17392
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
0.07080
0.02553
0.01662
0.00961
0.01342
0.01490
0.01613
0.01883
0.02276
0.02818
0.03840
0.05002
0.06131
0.07576
0.11814
0.20626
0.34316
1.00000
100 000
92 920
90 547
89 042
88 186
87 003
85 706
84 323
82 735
80 852
78 573
75 555
71 776
67 376
62 271
54 915
43 588
28 630
7 080
2 373
1 505
856
1 184
1 297
1 383
1 588
1 883
2 279
3 017
3 779
4 401
5 105
7 356
11 327
14 958
28 630
Mortalidad

1995-2000
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
94 408
0.92272 a
366 953
0.97901 b
451 677
0.98688
445 753
0.98752
440 189
0.98398
433 138
0.98218
425 420
0.97998
416 902
0.97623
406 991
0.97014
394 837
0.96053
379 254
0.94781
359 460
0.93072
334 559
0.91086
304 735
0.87663
267 140
0.80751
215 718
0.69602
150 143
0.44766 c
121 687
6 008 963
5 914 554
5 547 601
5 095 924
4 650 171
4 209 982
3 776 845
3 351 425
2 934 524
2 527 533
2 132 696
1 753 441
1 393 981
1 059 422
754 688
487 548
271 830
121 687
60.09
63.62
60.91
56.88
52.42
48.19
43.98
39.76
35.58
31.47
27.48
23.67
20.00
16.52
13.06
9.93
7.31
5.32
94 968
0.93000 a
370 033
0.98060 b
455 978
0.98843
450 702
0.99046
446 402
0.98893
441 458
0.98800
436 161
0.98623
430 154
0.98210
422 456
0.97663
412 584
0.96898
399 787
0.95847
383 182
0.94807
363 281
0.93625
340 123
0.91023
309 592
0.85016
263 204
0.74542
196 197
0.48754 c
186 657
6 402 918
6 307 949
5 937 916
5 481 938
5 031 237
4 584 835
4 143 377
3 707 216
3 277 062
2 854 606
2 442 021
2 042 235
1 659 053
1 295 771
955 649
646 057
382 853
186 657
64.03
67.31
64.64
60.56
56.05
51.63
47.20
42.77
38.38
34.14
29.99
26.02
22.18
18.37
14.59
11.08
8.15
5.92
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.07449
0.00516
0.00327
0.00200
0.00303
0.00343
0.00376
0.00433
0.00530
0.00685
0.00931
0.01220
0.01666
0.02086
0.03250
0.05510
0.09553
0.18783
0.07033
0.02036
0.01624
0.00995
0.01504
0.01701
0.01864
0.02143
0.02617
0.03365
0.04549
0.05922
0.07997
0.09912
0.15029
0.24215
0.38557
1.00000
100 000
92 967
91 075
89 596
88 705
87 371
85 885
84 283
82 477
80 319
77 616
74 086
69 699
64 125
57 769
49 087
37 200
22 857
7 033
1 893
1 479
891
1 334
1 486
1 601
1 806
2 158
2 703
3 530
4 387
5 574
6 356
8 682
11 887
14 343
22 857
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.06611
0.00501
0.00294
0.00171
0.00213
0.00233
0.00250
0.00305
0.00419
0.00528
0.00735
0.00966
0.01172
0.01472
0.02328
0.04312
0.07877
0.16883
0.06279
0.01980
0.01459
0.00851
0.01059
0.01157
0.01244
0.01512
0.02071
0.02608
0.03609
0.04718
0.05692
0.07099
0.10998
0.19462
0.32904
1.00000
100 000
93 721
91 866
90 525
89 755
88 805
87 778
86 686
85 375
83 607
81 427
78 488
74 785
70 528
65 521
58 315
46 966
31 513
6 279
1 855
1 341
770
950
1 027
1 092
1 311
1 768
2 180
2 939
3 703
4 257
5 006
7 206
11 349
15 454
31 513
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
77
Mortality

2000-2005
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
95 131
0.93408 a
371 910
0.98197 b
458 622
0.98801
453 121
0.98849
447 903
0.98528
441 311
0.98365
434 096
0.98150
426 063
0.97787
416 635
0.97204
404 985
0.96278
389 912
0.95046
370 597
0.93391
346 104
0.91498
316 679
0.88231
279 409
0.81565
227 901
0.70734
161 204
0.46186 c
138 354
6 179 939
6 084 807
5 712 897
5 254 275
4 801 154
4 353 251
3 911 940
3 477 844
3 051 781
2 635 146
2 230 161
1 840 248
1 469 651
1 123 547
806 868
527 459
299 558
138 354
61.80
64.73
61.82
57.71
53.22
48.94
44.67
40.41
36.18
32.02
27.98
24.13
20.42
16.90
13.40
10.23
7.57
5.56
95 836
0.94266 a
375 494
0.98335 b
463 480
0.98942
458 575
0.99159
454 719
0.99062
450 452
0.98991
445 907
0.98826
440 671
0.98382
433 542
0.97807
424 033
0.97061
411 571
0.96045
395 293
0.95069
375 801
0.93948
353 058
0.91469
322 940
0.85714
276 803
0.75533
209 076
0.50308 c
211 667
6 598 918
6 503 083
6 127 589
5 664 109
5 205 534
4 750 815
4 300 363
3 854 456
3 413 785
2 980 242
2 556 210
2 144 638
1 749 345
1 373 544
1 020 486
697 546
420 743
211 667
65.99
68.53
65.66
61.52
56.98
52.48
47.97
43.45
38.99
34.71
30.52
26.52
22.65
18.79
14.98
11.43
8.47
6.24
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.06307
0.00428
0.00298
0.00184
0.00280
0.00314
0.00346
0.00402
0.00494
0.00642
0.00879
0.01159
0.01589
0.01980
0.03092
0.05250
0.09127
0.17986
0.06000
0.01694
0.01478
0.00917
0.01388
0.01556
0.01715
0.01988
0.02442
0.03159
0.04303
0.05634
0.07643
0.09432
0.14349
0.23205
0.37158
1.00000
100 000
94 000
92 407
91 041
90 207
88 954
87 570
86 068
84 357
82 297
79 697
76 268
71 971
66 470
60 201
51 563
39 598
24 884
6 000
1 593
1 366
835
1 252
1 384
1 502
1 711
2 060
2 600
3 429
4 297
5 501
6 269
8 638
11 965
14 714
24 884
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
78
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.05322
0.00421
0.00268
0.00157
0.00181
0.00196
0.00210
0.00263
0.00391
0.00498
0.00698
0.00920
0.01107
0.01399
0.02202
0.04098
0.07531
0.16036
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
0.05100
0.01667
0.01332
0.00780
0.00902
0.00975
0.01044
0.01306
0.01934
0.02458
0.03431
0.04497
0.05385
0.06756
0.10434
0.18588
0.31690
1.00000
100 000
94 900
93 318
92 074
91 356
90 532
89 649
88 713
87 555
85 862
83 751
80 877
77 240
73 080
68 143
61 033
49 688
33 942
5 100
1 582
1 243
719
824
882
936
1 159
1 693
2 111
2 874
3 637
4 160
4 938
7 110
11 345
15 746
33 942
Mortalidad

2005-2010
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
95 905
0.94432 a
376 256
0.98364 b
464 438
0.98898
459 320
0.98941
454 455
0.98645
448 295
0.98491
441 529
0.98286
433 961
0.97942
425 032
0.97390
413 939
0.96514
399 509
0.95341
380 897
0.93755
357 110
0.91914
328 234
0.88751
291 311
0.82380
239 982
0.72044
172 894
0.48048 c
159 901
6 342 968
6 247 063
5 870 808
5 406 370
4 947 050
4 492 595
4 044 300
3 602 771
3 168 811
2 743 779
2 329 839
1 930 330
1 549 433
1 192 322
864 088
572 777
332 795
159 901
63.43
65.76
62.77
58.60
54.08
49.75
45.44
41.13
36.85
32.65
28.57
24.67
20.91
17.34
13.81
10.61
7.92
5.89
96 626
0.95286 a
379 805
0.98483 b
469 201
0.99022
464 610
0.99222
460 995
0.99131
456 990
0.99064
452 713
0.98909
447 774
0.98496
441 038
0.97958
432 033
0.97260
420 197
0.96307
404 679
0.95383
385 994
0.94311
364 034
0.91959
334 763
0.86537
289 693
0.76939
222 887
0.52455 c
245 909
6 769 941
6 673 316
6 293 511
5 824 310
5 359 699
4 898 704
4 441 714
3 989 001
3 541 227
3 100 189
2 668 156
2 247 959
1 843 280
1 457 286
1 093 253
758 490
468 796
245 909
67.70
69.59
66.65
62.45
57.89
53.36
48.82
44.27
39.79
35.47
31.24
27.19
23.27
19.38
15.53
11.95
8.95
6.69
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.05213
0.00393
0.00273
0.00169
0.00257
0.00289
0.00320
0.00372
0.00460
0.00599
0.00824
0.01091
0.01501
0.01886
0.02945
0.04981
0.08608
0.16971
0.05000
0.01555
0.01357
0.00843
0.01277
0.01434
0.01585
0.01845
0.02274
0.02953
0.04035
0.05309
0.07234
0.09005
0.13715
0.22145
0.35419
1.00000
100 000
95 000
93 522
92 253
91 475
90 307
89 011
87 600
85 984
84 029
81 547
78 257
74 102
68 742
62 552
53 973
42 020
27 137
5 000
1 478
1 269
778
1 168
1 295
1 411
1 616
1 956
2 482
3 290
4 154
5 360
6 190
8 579
11 952
14 883
27 137
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.04243
0.00389
0.00248
0.00145
0.00168
0.00181
0.00195
0.00244
0.00363
0.00463
0.00650
0.00858
0.01036
0.01314
0.02068
0.03833
0.07007
0.14952
0.04100
0.01541
0.01232
0.00722
0.00835
0.00903
0.00969
0.01214
0.01798
0.02290
0.03200
0.04202
0.05050
0.06362
0.09833
0.17489
0.29814
1.00000
100 000
95 900
94 422
93 259
92 586
91 813
90 983
90 102
89 008
87 407
85 406
82 673
79 199
75 199
70 415
63 491
52 387
36 768
4 100
1 478
1 163
673
773
829
882
1 094
1 601
2 002
2 733
3 474
4 000
4 784
6 924
11 104
15 618
36 768
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
79
Mortality

2010-2015
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
96 529
0.95270 a
379 823
0.98528 b
469 341
0.99000
464 649
0.99038
460 177
0.98767
454 502
0.98622
448 241
0.98429
441 199
0.98106
432 840
0.97586
422 391
0.96761
408 711
0.95651
390 935
0.94137
368 016
0.92350
339 862
0.89297
303 486
0.83237
252 612
0.73424
185 478
0.49815 c
184 110
6 502 901
6 406 371
6 026 549
5 557 208
5 092 559
4 632 382
4 177 880
3 729 639
3 288 440
2 855 600
2 433 209
2 024 499
1 633 564
1 265 548
925 686
622 200
369 588
184 110
65.03
66.87
63.81
59.57
55.01
50.63
46.27
41.91
37.59
33.34
29.21
25.25
21.44
17.82
14.26
11.02
8.29
6.22
97 180
0.96029 a
382 963
0.98631 b
473 571
0.99111
469 362
0.99292
466 040
0.99209
462 352
0.99146
458 404
0.99002
453 831
0.98623
447 581
0.98128
439 202
0.97483
428 149
0.96601
413 595
0.95734
395 953
0.94717
375 034
0.92509
346 940
0.87461
303 437
0.78521
238 261
0.54474 c
285 089
6 936 944
6 839 764
6 456 801
5 983 229
5 513 868
5 047 828
4 585 475
4 127 071
3 673 240
3 225 659
2 786 457
2 358 308
1 944 713
1 548 760
1 173 726
826 787
523 350
285 089
69.37
70.81
67.79
63.53
58.93
54.36
49.79
45.22
40.70
36.34
32.06
27.96
23.98
20.04
16.14
12.52
9.46
7.13
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.04351
0.00356
0.00248
0.00154
0.00233
0.00263
0.00292
0.00342
0.00424
0.00555
0.00765
0.01019
0.01409
0.01788
0.02792
0.04701
0.08075
0.16081
0.04200
0.01410
0.01231
0.00766
0.01161
0.01307
0.01450
0.01694
0.02098
0.02737
0.03754
0.04968
0.06804
0.08558
0.13050
0.21034
0.33594
1.00000
100 000
95 800
94 449
93 287
92 573
91 498
90 303
88 994
87 486
85 650
83 306
80 178
76 195
71 011
64 934
56 460
44 585
29 607
4 200
1 351
1 163
714
1 075
1 195
1 309
1 508
1 836
2 344
3 128
3 983
5 185
6 077
8 474
11 876
14 978
29 607
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
80
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.03499
0.00353
0.00225
0.00132
0.00152
0.00165
0.00178
0.00223
0.00332
0.00425
0.00597
0.00790
0.00957
0.01220
0.01920
0.03540
0.06434
0.14026
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
0.03400
0.01400
0.01119
0.00656
0.00760
0.00823
0.00885
0.01111
0.01646
0.02101
0.02941
0.03872
0.04675
0.05921
0.09160
0.16259
0.27713
1.00000
100 000
96 600
95 247
94 181
93 563
92 853
92 088
91 273
90 259
88 773
86 908
84 352
81 086
77 295
72 718
66 057
55 317
39 987
3 400
1 353
1 066
618
711
764
815
1 014
1 486
1 866
2 556
3 266
3 791
4 577
6 661
10 740
15 330
39 987
Mortalidad

2015-2020
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
96 999
0.95920 a
382 602
0.98688 b
473 308
0.99105
469 073
0.99137
465 025
0.98892
459 874
0.98758
454 162
0.98576
447 695
0.98273
439 964
0.97787
430 227
0.97016
417 388
0.95969
400 562
0.94531
378 654
0.92798
351 384
0.89858
315 748
0.84119
265 605
0.74848
198 800
0.51470 c
210 845
6 657 916
6 560 917
6 178 315
5 705 007
5 235 934
4 770 909
4 311 035
3 856 873
3 409 177
2 969 213
2 538 987
2 121 599
1 721 037
1 342 383
990 999
675 251
409 645
210 845
66.58
68.06
64.91
60.60
56.00
51.57
47.15
42.74
38.37
34.07
29.89
25.87
22.00
18.33
14.72
11.45
8.67
6.53
97 577
0.96582 a
385 334
0.98775 b
476 996
0.99203
473 192
0.99364
470 184
0.99288
466 838
0.99230
463 242
0.99098
459 064
0.98753
453 339
0.98302
445 640
0.97712
435 443
0.96902
421 950
0.96094
405 470
0.95132
385 733
0.93072
359 010
0.88409
317 396
0.80147
254 384
0.56332 c
328 160
7 098 951
7 001 374
6 616 041
6 139 045
5 665 853
5 195 668
4 728 831
4 265 589
3 806 525
3 353 186
2 907 546
2 472 104
2 050 154
1 644 683
1 258 950
899 940
582 544
328 160
70.99
72.10
69.00
64.68
60.05
55.44
50.84
46.23
41.67
37.26
32.94
28.78
24.74
20.74
16.79
13.11
9.99
7.56
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.03711
0.00317
0.00221
0.00138
0.00209
0.00236
0.00264
0.00310
0.00387
0.00509
0.00705
0.00945
0.01314
0.01688
0.02636
0.04418
0.07539
0.15303
0.03600
0.01260
0.01101
0.00686
0.01041
0.01175
0.01310
0.01539
0.01917
0.02515
0.03466
0.04617
0.06363
0.08097
0.12366
0.19891
0.31719
1.00000
100 000
96 400
95 185
94 138
93 492
92 518
91 431
90 234
88 845
87 141
84 950
82 005
78 219
73 242
67 311
58 988
47 254
32 266
3 600
1 215
1 048
646
973
1 087
1 198
1 389
1 704
2 191
2 944
3 786
4 977
5 931
8 324
11 733
14 988
32 266
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.02972
0.00317
0.00202
0.00118
0.00137
0.00149
0.00161
0.00202
0.00300
0.00385
0.00542
0.00719
0.00877
0.01125
0.01769
0.03243
0.05862
0.13232
0.02900
0.01256
0.01004
0.00589
0.00683
0.00741
0.00799
0.01005
0.01491
0.01909
0.02675
0.03533
0.04292
0.05469
0.08471
0.15000
0.25562
1.00000
100 000
97 100
95 880
94 918
94 359
93 715
93 020
92 277
91 349
89 987
88 269
85 908
82 872
79 316
74 978
68 626
58 332
43 421
2 900
1 220
962
559
644
695
744
928
1 362
1 717
2 361
3 035
3 557
4 338
6 352
10 294
14 911
43 421
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
81
Mortality
BRASIL: TABLAS ABREVIADAS DE MORTALIDAD

BRASIL: ABRIDGED LIFE TABLES
1980-1985
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
94 704
0.92591 a
368 249
0.98652 b
456 713
0.99571
454 751
0.99328
451 696
0.98786
446 214
0.98338
438 798
0.97979
429 931
0.97443
418 940
0.96692
405 083
0.95551
387 061
0.93977
363 749
0.91825
334 013
0.88698
296 262
0.84566
250 537
0.77494
194 150
0.67565
131 178
0.47748 c
119 873
6 041 903
5 947 199
5 578 950
5 122 237
4 667 485
4 215 790
3 769 576
3 330 778
2 900 847
2 481 907
2 076 824
1 689 763
1 326 014
992 001
695 739
445 201
251 051
119 873
60.42
63.96
60.94
56.20
51.43
46.88
42.56
38.31
34.12
30.06
26.13
22.43
18.90
15.63
12.64
9.86
7.73
6.00
95 619
0.93903 a
373 893
0.98827 b
464 005
0.99676
462 503
0.99610
460 698
0.99428
458 062
0.99249
454 621
0.99011
450 126
0.98630
443 957
0.98114
435 584
0.97427
424 377
0.96456
409 337
0.95020
388 950
0.92784
360 883
0.89406
322 650
0.83156
268 302
0.73728
197 813
0.52151 c
215 597
6 686 978
6 591 358
6 217 465
5 753 459
5 290 956
4 830 258
4 372 196
3 917 575
3 467 450
3 023 493
2 587 908
2 163 531
1 754 194
1 365 244
1 004 361
681 711
413 410
215 597
66.87
69.83
66.88
62.11
57.28
52.55
47.88
43.27
38.74
34.33
30.04
25.88
21.89
18.01
14.57
11.34
8.76
6.75
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.07410
0.00390
0.00088
0.00084
0.00186
0.00303
0.00368
0.00449
0.00588
0.00760
0.01067
0.01428
0.02006
0.02835
0.03947
0.06523
0.09547
0.16663
0.07018
0.01546
0.00441
0.00418
0.00927
0.01502
0.01824
0.02221
0.02900
0.03728
0.05197
0.06894
0.09551
0.13239
0.17964
0.28043
0.38537
1.00000
100 000
92 982
91 545
91 141
90 760
89 918
88 567
86 952
85 021
82 555
79 478
75 347
70 153
63 453
55 052
45 163
32 497
19 974
7 018
1 437
404
381
842
1 351
1 615
1 931
2 465
3 078
4 131
5 194
6 700
8 400
9 890
12 665
12 524
19 974
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
82
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.05869
0.00381
0.00070
0.00060
0.00097
0.00133
0.00169
0.00229
0.00324
0.00439
0.00606
0.00842
0.01211
0.01806
0.02720
0.04832
0.07700
0.14818
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
0.05612
0.01509
0.00349
0.00298
0.00483
0.00662
0.00841
0.01138
0.01606
0.02171
0.02984
0.04122
0.05876
0.08640
0.12734
0.21554
0.32286
1.00000
100 000
94 388
92 963
92 639
92 362
91 917
91 308
90 540
89 510
88 073
86 161
83 590
80 145
75 435
68 918
60 142
47 179
31 946
5 612
1 425
325
276
446
609
768
1 030
1 437
1 912
2 571
3 445
4 709
6 517
8 776
12 963
15 232
31 946
Mortalidad

1985-1990
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
95 373
0.93667 a
372 964
0.98818 b
462 802
0.99635
461 114
0.99322
457 989
0.98706
452 063
0.98239
444 103
0.97893
434 746
0.97422
423 537
0.96773
409 868
0.95770
392 531
0.94291
370 122
0.92222
341 334
0.89439
305 285
0.85775
261 859
0.79705
208 714
0.71164
148 530
0.51545 c
158 004
6 200 937
6 105 565
5 732 601
5 269 799
4 808 685
4 350 695
3 898 632
3 454 529
3 019 783
2 596 246
2 186 378
1 793 848
1 423 726
1 082 392
777 107
515 248
306 534
158 004
62.01
64.87
61.82
57.04
52.24
47.73
43.47
39.27
35.14
31.10
27.17
23.44
19.91
16.65
13.61
10.81
8.56
6.70
96 298
0.94974 a
378 571
0.99038 b
470 303
0.99739
469 075
0.99669
467 523
0.99510
465 231
0.99358
462 243
0.99157
458 347
0.98841
453 037
0.98377
445 683
0.97708
435 469
0.96740
421 271
0.95389
401 848
0.93375
375 227
0.90323
338 917
0.84965
287 960
0.76872
221 361
0.55362 c
274 542
6 922 904
6 826 606
6 448 035
5 977 733
5 508 658
5 041 136
4 575 905
4 113 661
3 655 314
3 202 278
2 756 595
2 321 126
1 899 854
1 498 006
1 122 779
783 862
495 902
274 542
69.23
71.53
68.46
63.64
58.79
54.03
49.32
44.66
40.07
35.58
31.22
27.02
23.00
19.17
15.60
12.32
9.62
7.43
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.06164
0.00374
0.00072
0.00074
0.00198
0.00324
0.00388
0.00465
0.00581
0.00733
0.01001
0.01360
0.01899
0.02601
0.03602
0.05666
0.08245
0.14925
0.05878
0.01482
0.00359
0.00370
0.00986
0.01605
0.01919
0.02298
0.02865
0.03601
0.04883
0.06578
0.09063
0.12209
0.16521
0.24817
0.34181
1.00000
100 000
94 122
92 727
92 394
92 052
91 144
89 681
87 960
85 938
83 476
80 471
76 542
71 507
65 027
57 087
47 656
35 829
23 582
5 878
1 395
333
342
908
1 463
1 721
2 022
2 462
3 006
3 929
5 035
6 480
7 939
9 431
11 827
12 247
23 582
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.04735
0.00330
0.00055
0.00050
0.00083
0.00114
0.00144
0.00195
0.00272
0.00383
0.00546
0.00784
0.01112
0.01647
0.02462
0.04181
0.06596
0.13467
0.04560
0.01310
0.00274
0.00248
0.00414
0.00567
0.00718
0.00968
0.01351
0.01899
0.02692
0.03844
0.05408
0.07911
0.11595
0.18927
0.28310
1.00000
100 000
95 440
94 190
93 931
93 698
93 311
92 782
92 115
91 224
89 991
88 282
85 905
82 603
78 136
71 955
63 612
51 572
36 972
4 560
1 251
258
233
388
529
666
892
1 232
1 709
2 377
3 302
4 467
6 181
8 343
12 040
14 600
36 972
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
83
Mortality

1990-1995
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
96 049
377 559
468 896
467 443
464 300
458 091
449 831
440 293
429 157
415 838
399 178
377 701
349 954
315 357
273 618
222 867
164 945
200 897
0.94722 a
0.99005 b
0.99690
0.99328
0.98663
0.98197
0.97879
0.97471
0.96897
0.95994
0.94620
0.92654
0.90114
0.86765
0.81452
0.74011
0.54914 c

6 371 973
6 275 924
5 898 365
5 429 469
4 962 027
4 497 727
4 039 636
3 589 805
3 149 512
2 720 356
2 304 518
1 905 340
1 527 639
1 177 685
862 328
588 710
365 843
200 897
63.72
65.94
62.80
57.98
53.16
48.69
44.46
40.30
36.19
32.15
28.20
24.44
20.89
17.61
14.55
11.73
9.39
7.44
96 935
382 776
476 052
475 040
473 693
471 690
469 077
465 664
461 035
454 495
445 109
431 722
413 226
387 852
353 187
305 313
242 654
339 403
0.95942 a
0.99237 b
0.99787
0.99716
0.99577
0.99446
0.99272
0.99006
0.98582
0.97935
0.96992
0.95716
0.93859
0.91062
0.86445
0.79477
0.58311 c

7 144 923
7 047 988
6 665 212
6 189 160
5 714 120
5 240 427
4 768 738
4 299 661
3 833 997
3 372 962
2 918 467
2 473 358
2 041 636
1 628 410
1 240 558
887 371
582 058
339 403
71.45
73.15
69.93
65.08
60.21
55.41
50.67
45.97
41.34
36.79
32.38
28.13
24.08
20.22
16.62
13.31
10.49
8.16
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.05026
0.00333
0.00059
0.00065
0.00205
0.00335
0.00394
0.00464
0.00562
0.00702
0.00939
0.01282
0.01787
0.02405
0.03330
0.05020
0.07263
0.13439
0.04828
0.01319
0.00293
0.00327
0.01019
0.01659
0.01949
0.02295
0.02769
0.03447
0.04585
0.06213
0.08555
0.11342
0.15371
0.22303
0.30734
1.00000
a
b
c
84
4 828
1 256
275
306
951
1 533
1 771
2 045
2 410
2 917
3 747
4 844
6 255
7 584
9 112
11 189
11 980
26 999
MUJERES / FEMALES
100 000
95 172
93 917
93 642
93 335
92 384
90 852
89 081
87 036
84 626
81 709
77 962
73 118
66 863
59 279
50 168
38 979
26 999
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.03763
0.00271
0.00043
0.00042
0.00072
0.00098
0.00125
0.00168
0.00232
0.00340
0.00496
0.00729
0.01029
0.01521
0.02256
0.03662
0.05721
0.12254
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
0.03647
0.01078
0.00216
0.00209
0.00359
0.00487
0.00621
0.00835
0.01154
0.01686
0.02451
0.03578
0.05017
0.07324
0.10678
0.16775
0.25026
1.00000
100 000
96 353
95 313
95 107
94 909
94 568
94 107
93 523
92 742
91 672
90 126
87 917
84 772
80 519
74 622
66 653
55 472
41 590
3 647
1 039
206
199
340
461
584
781
1 071
1 545
2 209
3 146
4 253
5 897
7 968
11 181
13 882
41 590
Mortalidad

1995-2000
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
96 733
382 337
475 593
474 304
471 252
465 093
457 044
447 982
437 558
424 975
409 029
388 624
362 193
328 554
287 104
236 483
178 567
245 641
0.95814 a
0.99274 b
0.99729
0.99357
0.98693
0.98270
0.98017
0.97673
0.97124
0.96248
0.95011
0.93199
0.90712
0.87384
0.82368
0.75509
0.57906 c

6 569 066
6 472 333
6 089 995
5 614 403
5 140 099
4 668 847
4 203 755
3 746 710
3 298 728
2 861 170
2 436 196
2 027 166
1 638 542
1 276 350
947 796
660 691
424 208
245 641
65.69
67.32
63.94
59.10
54.26
49.79
45.56
41.37
37.22
33.12
29.14
25.34
21.72
18.38
15.29
12.50
10.16
8.27
97 469
386 401
481 196
480 288
479 051
477 231
474 847
471 687
467 384
461 238
452 337
439 693
422 033
397 407
363 626
317 699
257 895
405 557
0.96774 a
0.99448 b
0.99811
0.99743
0.99620
0.99500
0.99335
0.99088
0.98685
0.98070
0.97205
0.95984
0.94165
0.91500
0.87370
0.81176
0.61128 c

7 333 040
7 235 571
6 849 170
6 367 974
5 887 686
5 408 634
4 931 403
4 456 556
3 984 868
3 517 485
3 056 247
2 603 910
2 164 217
1 742 184
1 344 777
981 150
663 452
405 557
73.33
74.55
71.10
66.23
61.35
56.54
51.78
47.06
42.40
37.83
33.40
29.12
25.03
21.15
17.55
14.25
11.39
9.03
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.03993
0.00235
0.00051
0.00058
0.00201
0.00326
0.00372
0.00429
0.00514
0.00656
0.00878
0.01176
0.01657
0.02268
0.03179
0.04703
0.06745
0.12087
0.03862
0.00934
0.00254
0.00288
0.00999
0.01618
0.01845
0.02123
0.02535
0.03225
0.04296
0.05712
0.07956
0.10734
0.14724
0.21041
0.28860
1.00000
100 000
96 138
95 239
94 998
94 724
93 777
92 260
90 558
88 635
86 388
83 602
80 010
75 440
69 437
61 984
52 857
41 736
29 691
3 862
898
242
274
947
1 517
1 702
1 923
2 247
2 786
3 592
4 570
6 002
7 453
9 127
11 121
12 045
29 691
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.03014
0.00189
0.00038
0.00038
0.00065
0.00087
0.00113
0.00154
0.00213
0.00317
0.00464
0.00673
0.00973
0.01446
0.02136
0.03338
0.05164
0.11076
0.02938
0.00754
0.00188
0.00189
0.00326
0.00434
0.00565
0.00766
0.01060
0.01573
0.02293
0.03310
0.04747
0.06977
0.10138
0.15405
0.22866
1.00000
100 000
97 062
96 330
96 149
95 967
95 654
95 239
94 700
93 975
92 979
91 516
89 418
86 459
82 354
76 608
68 842
58 237
44 921
2 938
732
181
182
313
415
538
725
996
1 462
2 098
2 959
4 104
5 746
7 766
10 605
13 317
44 921
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
85
Mortality

2000-2005
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
97 329
385 901
480 468
479 298
476 399
470 489
462 826
454 291
444 526
432 646
417 446
398 008
372 710
340 036
299 135
248 805
190 768
279 878
0.96646 a
0.99428 b
0.99756
0.99395
0.98759
0.98371
0.98156
0.97850
0.97328
0.96487
0.95344
0.93644
0.91233
0.87972
0.83175
0.76674
0.59467 c
0.00000
6 730 960
6 633 631
6 247 730
5 767 262
5 287 965
4 811 566
4 341 077
3 878 250
3 423 959
2 979 433
2 546 786
2 129 340
1 731 332
1 358 622
1 018 586
719 452
470 647
279 878
67.31
68.46
64.94
60.09
55.24
50.74
46.49
42.27
38.06
33.91
29.89
26.04
22.36
18.96
15.83
13.01
10.64
8.72
97 948
389 198
485 044
484 219
483 084
481 420
479 233
476 309
472 312
466 565
458 193
446 310
429 588
406 018
373 517
329 502
272 018
459 474
0.97429 a
0.99569 b
0.99830
0.99765
0.99656
0.99546
0.99390
0.99161
0.98783
0.98206
0.97407
0.96253
0.94513
0.91995
0.88216
0.82554
0.62813 c
0.00000
7 489 952
7 392 004
7 002 806
6 517 762
6 033 543
5 550 460
5 069 039
4 589 806
4 113 497
3 641 186
3 174 621
2 716 428
2 270 117
1 840 529
1 434 511
1 060 995
731 493
459 474
74.90
75.70
72.13
67.24
62.36
57.53
52.75
48.01
43.33
38.74
34.27
29.97
25.83
21.92
18.29
14.95
12.02
9.58
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.03185
0.00181
0.00045
0.00052
0.00191
0.00309
0.00348
0.00397
0.00473
0.00612
0.00822
0.01091
0.01550
0.02145
0.03031
0.04448
0.06368
0.11462
0.03100
0.00720
0.00227
0.00260
0.00950
0.01534
0.01725
0.01965
0.02338
0.03015
0.04027
0.05312
0.07459
0.10180
0.14087
0.20012
0.27469
1.00000
100 000
96 900
96 203
95 984
95 735
94 825
93 371
91 760
89 957
87 854
85 205
81 774
77 430
71 654
64 360
55 294
44 228
32 079
3 100
697
218
250
910
1 454
1 611
1 803
2 103
2 649
3 431
4 344
5 775
7 294
9 066
11 066
12 149
32 079
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
86
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.02399
0.00144
0.00034
0.00035
0.00059
0.00079
0.00104
0.00141
0.00196
0.00294
0.00431
0.00622
0.00911
0.01359
0.02004
0.03072
0.04732
0.10440
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
0.02350
0.00573
0.00168
0.00172
0.00297
0.00392
0.00517
0.00704
0.00976
0.01461
0.02133
0.03064
0.04451
0.06570
0.09541
0.14263
0.21157
1.00000
100 000
97 650
97 090
96 927
96 760
96 473
96 095
95 598
94 925
93 999
92 626
90 651
87 873
83 962
78 445
70 961
60 840
47 968
2 350
560
163
167
287
378
497
673
926
1 373
1 976
2 778
3 912
5 516
7 484
10 121
12 872
47 968
Mortalidad

2005-2010
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
97 662
387 720
482 934
481 883
479 312
474 084
467 280
459 644
450 830
440 009
426 035
407 975
384 207
353 122
313 610
264 164
205 940
308 503
0.97076 a
0.99496 b
0.99782
0.99467
0.98909
0.98565
0.98366
0.98082
0.97600
0.96824
0.95761
0.94174
0.91909
0.88811
0.84233
0.77959
0.59968 c
0.00000
6 884 916
6 787 253
6 399 533
5 916 599
5 434 717
4 955 404
4 481 320
4 014 041
3 554 397
3 103 566
2 663 557
2 237 522
1 829 547
1 445 340
1 092 217
778 607
514 443
308 503
68.85
69.76
66.19
61.32
56.46
51.91
47.59
43.28
39.01
34.79
30.69
26.76
22.99
19.50
16.27
13.35
10.86
8.81
98 249
390 742
487 092
486 339
485 304
483 786
481 784
479 100
475 421
470 120
462 380
451 356
435 778
413 709
383 062
341 157
285 670
498 868
0.97798 a
0.99612 b
0.99845
0.99787
0.99687
0.99586
0.99443
0.99232
0.98885
0.98354
0.97616
0.96549
0.94936
0.92592
0.89061
0.83736
0.63587 c
0.00000
7 609 914
7 511 666
7 120 924
6 633 832
6 147 494
5 662 190
5 178 405
4 696 621
4 217 521
3 742 099
3 271 979
2 809 600
2 358 243
1 922 466
1 508 757
1 125 695
784 538
498 868
76.10
76.65
73.04
68.15
63.25
58.42
53.62
48.86
44.16
39.53
35.04
30.69
26.50
22.53
18.82
15.41
12.38
9.81
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.02765
0.00159
0.00041
0.00046
0.00168
0.00271
0.00307
0.00352
0.00423
0.00551
0.00743
0.00994
0.01419
0.01978
0.02813
0.04148
0.05988
0.11352
0.02700
0.00632
0.00204
0.00232
0.00836
0.01348
0.01524
0.01746
0.02092
0.02715
0.03649
0.04851
0.06850
0.09422
0.13140
0.18790
0.26043
1.00000
100 000
97 300
96 685
96 488
96 265
95 460
94 173
92 738
91 119
89 213
86 791
83 623
79 567
74 116
67 133
58 311
47 354
35 022
2 700
615
197
224
804
1 287
1 435
1 619
1 906
2 422
3 167
4 057
5 450
6 983
8 822
10 957
12 333
35 022
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.02036
0.00130
0.00031
0.00031
0.00054
0.00071
0.00095
0.00129
0.00179
0.00270
0.00395
0.00572
0.00838
0.01251
0.01849
0.02837
0.04381
0.10198
0.02000
0.00518
0.00153
0.00156
0.00269
0.00356
0.00471
0.00643
0.00893
0.01339
0.01958
0.02819
0.04103
0.06067
0.08835
0.13247
0.19742
1.00000
100 000
98 000
97 493
97 344
97 192
96 930
96 584
96 129
95 511
94 658
93 390
91 562
88 981
85 330
80 153
73 071
63 391
50 877
2 000
507
149
152
262
345
455
618
853
1 267
1 829
2 581
3 651
5 177
7 082
9 680
12 515
50 877
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
87
Mortality

2010-2015
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
97 958
389 266
484 996
484 025
481 675
476 905
470 680
463 652
455 484
445 383
432 248
415 137
392 430
362 462
323 948
275 176
216 903
329 630
0.97445 a
0.99543 b
0.99800
0.99515
0.99010
0.98695
0.98507
0.98238
0.97782
0.97051
0.96041
0.94530
0.92363
0.89374
0.84945
0.78823
0.60313 c
0.00000
6 997 960
6 900 002
6 510 736
6 025 740
5 541 715
5 060 040
4 583 135
4 112 455
3 648 802
3 193 318
2 747 935
2 315 686
1 900 550
1 508 119
1 145 657
821 709
546 533
329 630
69.98
70.66
67.06
62.18
57.31
52.73
48.35
43.99
39.67
35.40
31.25
27.26
23.44
19.88
16.58
13.59
11.02
8.87
98 507
392 074
488 869
488 183
487 242
485 860
484 032
481 573
478 193
473 310
466 164
455 952
441 460
420 827
391 976
352 159
298 734
537 821
0.98116 a
0.99651 b
0.99860
0.99807
0.99716
0.99624
0.99492
0.99298
0.98979
0.98490
0.97809
0.96822
0.95326
0.93144
0.89842
0.84829
0.64290 c
0.00000
7 722 937
7 624 429
7 232 356
6 743 486
6 255 303
5 768 061
5 282 201
4 798 169
4 316 596
3 838 403
3 365 093
2 898 930
2 442 978
2 001 518
1 580 691
1 188 714
836 556
537 821
77.23
77.56
73.92
69.02
64.11
59.26
54.45
49.67
44.95
40.30
35.77
31.38
27.15
23.11
19.34
15.84
12.71
10.02
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.02399
0.00144
0.00038
0.00043
0.00152
0.00246
0.00280
0.00322
0.00389
0.00509
0.00691
0.00929
0.01331
0.01866
0.02668
0.03949
0.05737
0.11273
0.02350
0.00573
0.00188
0.00213
0.00759
0.01224
0.01388
0.01599
0.01927
0.02514
0.03396
0.04542
0.06441
0.08914
0.12505
0.17970
0.25086
1.00000
100 000
97 650
97 090
96 908
96 702
95 968
94 794
93 478
91 983
90 211
87 943
84 957
81 098
75 874
69 111
60 468
49 602
37 159
2 350
560
182
206
734
1 174
1 316
1 495
1 772
2 268
2 986
3 859
5 224
6 763
8 642
10 866
12 443
37 159
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
88
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01726
0.00117
0.00028
0.00028
0.00049
0.00065
0.00086
0.00118
0.00164
0.00247
0.00363
0.00525
0.00771
0.01153
0.01707
0.02623
0.04061
0.09981
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
0.01700
0.00466
0.00139
0.00142
0.00244
0.00324
0.00429
0.00587
0.00818
0.01226
0.01797
0.02592
0.03781
0.05602
0.08184
0.12309
0.18434
1.00000
100 000
98 300
97 842
97 706
97 567
97 329
97 015
96 598
96 031
95 246
94 078
92 388
89 993
86 591
81 740
75 051
65 813
53 681
1 700
458
136
139
238
315
416
567
785
1 168
1 690
2 395
3 402
4 851
6 689
9 238
12 132
53 681
Mortalidad

2015-2020
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
98 255
390 831
487 109
486 230
484 138
479 903
474 353
468 039
460 630
451 382
439 244
423 269
401 850
373 258
336 013
288 172
230 007
355 284
0.97817 a
0.99596 b
0.99820
0.99570
0.99125
0.98844
0.98669
0.98417
0.97992
0.97311
0.96363
0.94940
0.92885
0.90022
0.85762
0.79816
0.60702 c
0.00000
7 127 967
7 029 712
6 638 881
6 151 771
5 665 541
5 181 404
4 701 501
4 227 148
3 759 109
3 298 479
2 847 097
2 407 853
1 984 584
1 582 734
1 209 476
873 463
585 291
355 284
71.28
71.73
68.09
63.20
58.32
53.69
49.25
44.84
40.45
36.12
31.91
27.85
23.96
20.32
16.94
13.86
11.20
8.94
98 768
393 387
490 611
489 983
489 124
487 860
486 183
483 920
480 800
476 283
469 657
460 157
446 622
427 262
400 019
362 100
310 610
574 612
0.98431 a
0.99686 b
0.99872
0.99825
0.99742
0.99656
0.99535
0.99355
0.99060
0.98609
0.97977
0.97059
0.95665
0.93624
0.90521
0.85780
0.64912 c
0.00000
7 827 957
7 729 190
7 335 802
6 845 191
6 355 208
5 866 085
5 378 225
4 892 042
4 408 122
3 927 322
3 451 039
2 981 382
2 521 225
2 074 603
1 647 341
1 247 322
885 222
574 612
78.28
78.39
74.71
69.81
64.89
60.03
55.20
50.41
45.67
41.00
36.44
32.01
27.73
23.65
19.81
16.23
13.02
10.22
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.02036
0.00127
0.00034
0.00038
0.00134
0.00217
0.00248
0.00288
0.00351
0.00462
0.00631
0.00855
0.01231
0.01738
0.02503
0.03723
0.05451
0.11183
0.02000
0.00505
0.00170
0.00191
0.00670
0.01081
0.01233
0.01430
0.01738
0.02283
0.03104
0.04187
0.05972
0.08330
0.11776
0.17029
0.23987
1.00000
100 000
98 000
97 505
97 339
97 153
96 502
95 459
94 282
92 933
91 319
89 234
86 464
82 844
77 896
71 407
62 998
52 271
39 732
2 000
495
166
186
651
1 043
1 177
1 349
1 615
2 085
2 770
3 620
4 948
6 489
8 409
10 728
12 538
39 732
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01417
0.00106
0.00025
0.00026
0.00044
0.00059
0.00079
0.00108
0.00151
0.00227
0.00334
0.00485
0.00713
0.01067
0.01584
0.02439
0.03787
0.09787
0.01400
0.00421
0.00127
0.00129
0.00222
0.00295
0.00393
0.00538
0.00752
0.01129
0.01656
0.02395
0.03501
0.05199
0.07618
0.11494
0.17299
1.00000
100 000
98 600
98 184
98 060
97 933
97 716
97 428
97 045
96 523
95 797
94 716
93 147
90 916
87 733
83 172
76 836
68 004
56 240
1 400
416
125
127
217
288
383
522
726
1 082
1 569
2 231
3 183
4 561
6 336
8 832
11 764
56 240
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
89
Mortality
CHILE: TABLAS ABREVIADAS DE MORTALIDAD

CHILE: ABRIDGED LIFE TABLES
1980-1985
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
97 940
388 500
484 200
482 893
481 001
477 673
472 876
466 947
459 529
449 477
435 038
414 776
386 553
349 281
301 838
241 876
172 553
175 020
0.97288 a
0.99540 b
0.99730
0.99608
0.99308
0.98996
0.98746
0.98411
0.97812
0.96788
0.95343
0.93196
0.90358
0.86417
0.80135
0.71339
0.50355 c

6 737 972
6 640 032
6 251 532
5 767 332
5 284 439
4 803 438
4 325 765
3 852 889
3 385 942
2 926 413
2 476 936
2 041 898
1 627 122
1 240 569
891 288
589 450
347 573
175 020
67.38
68.16
64.47
59.63
54.79
50.06
45.48
40.97
36.51
32.13
27.92
23.94
20.18
16.76
13.57
10.71
8.33
6.41
98 272
390 280
486 723
485 823
484 791
483 470
481 757
479 321
475 836
470 952
464 107
453 619
437 261
413 875
380 558
331 378
262 397
335 572
0.97710 a
0.99626 b
0.99815
0.99788
0.99728
0.99646
0.99494
0.99273
0.98973
0.98547
0.97740
0.96394
0.94652
0.91950
0.87077
0.79183
0.56119 c

7 415 991
7 317 718
6 927 439
6 440 716
5 954 893
5 470 103
4 986 633
4 504 876
4 025 556
3 549 720
3 078 768
2 614 661
2 161 042
1 723 781
1 309 906
929 348
597 969
335 572
74.16
74.79
71.10
66.23
61.34
56.49
51.65
46.85
42.12
37.46
32.89
28.41
24.17
20.17
16.36
12.88
9.90
7.53
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.02629
0.00119
0.00051
0.00057
0.00100
0.00178
0.00226
0.00279
0.00362
0.00524
0.00786
0.01130
0.01708
0.02378
0.03536
0.05504
0.08355
0.15600
0.02575
0.00474
0.00255
0.00285
0.00499
0.00886
0.01124
0.01386
0.01794
0.02588
0.03853
0.05494
0.08191
0.11222
0.16242
0.24191
0.34557
1.00000
100 000
97 425
96 964
96 716
96 441
95 960
95 110
94 041
92 738
91 074
88 717
85 298
80 612
74 009
65 703
55 032
41 719
27 302
2 575
462
247
276
481
850
1 069
1 303
1 664
2 357
3 419
4 686
6 603
8 306
10 672
13 313
14 417
27 302
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
90
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.02197
0.00104
0.00037
0.00037
0.00048
0.00061
0.00081
0.00122
0.00170
0.00243
0.00343
0.00574
0.00901
0.01308
0.02080
0.03548
0.06035
0.13279
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
0.02159
0.00415
0.00185
0.00185
0.00240
0.00305
0.00404
0.00608
0.00847
0.01208
0.01702
0.02828
0.04407
0.06332
0.09884
0.16295
0.26218
1.00000
100 000
97 841
97 435
97 254
97 075
96 842
96 546
96 156
95 572
94 763
93 618
92 025
89 423
85 482
80 069
72 155
60 397
44 562
2 159
406
180
180
233
295
390
584
809
1 145
1 593
2 602
3 941
5 413
7 914
11 758
15 835
44 562
Mortalidad

1985-1990
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
98 353
391 047
487 619
486 567
484 862
481 720
477 417
472 332
466 088
457 817
446 165
429 575
405 519
371 862
326 974
268 012
196 622
210 426
0.97880 a
0.99636 b
0.99784
0.99650
0.99352
0.99107
0.98935
0.98678
0.98225
0.97455
0.96282
0.94400
0.91700
0.87929
0.81967
0.73363
0.51696 c

6 958 978
6 860 626
6 469 578
5 981 959
5 495 391
5 010 529
4 528 810
4 051 392
3 579 060
3 112 972
2 655 156
2 208 991
1 779 416
1 373 896
1 002 034
675 060
407 048
210 426
69.59
70.00
66.27
61.40
56.53
51.79
47.20
42.64
38.11
33.65
29.31
25.14
21.19
17.56
14.21
11.20
8.68
6.63
98 619
392 515
489 731
489 000
488 142
487 007
485 584
483 603
480 784
476 717
470 661
461 235
446 581
425 080
393 594
347 228
282 802
390 050
0.98227 a
0.99714 b
0.99851
0.99825
0.99767
0.99708
0.99592
0.99417
0.99154
0.98730
0.97997
0.96823
0.95186
0.92593
0.88220
0.81446
0.57970 c

7 588 934
7 490 315
7 097 800
6 608 068
6 119 068
5 630 926
5 143 920
4 658 335
4 174 732
3 693 948
3 217 230
2 746 569
2 285 335
1 838 754
1 413 674
1 020 080
672 852
390 050
75.89
76.18
72.41
67.52
62.61
57.74
52.88
48.05
43.27
38.55
33.92
29.40
25.09
21.00
17.14
13.61
10.52
7.93
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.02024
0.00098
0.00041
0.00045
0.00095
0.00165
0.00194
0.00234
0.00298
0.00419
0.00614
0.00907
0.01412
0.02080
0.03126
0.04986
0.07726
0.15078
0.01990
0.00393
0.00206
0.00225
0.00476
0.00821
0.00966
0.01166
0.01480
0.02074
0.03026
0.04432
0.06821
0.09886
0.14496
0.22169
0.32377
1.00000
100 000
98 010
97 625
97 423
97 204
96 741
95 947
95 020
93 913
92 523
90 604
87 862
83 968
78 240
70 505
60 285
46 920
31 729
1 990
385
202
219
463
794
927
1 108
1 390
1 919
2 742
3 894
5 728
7 735
10 220
13 364
15 191
31 729
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01697
0.00077
0.00031
0.00028
0.00042
0.00051
0.00066
0.00098
0.00136
0.00204
0.00308
0.00503
0.00793
0.01190
0.01914
0.03172
0.05218
0.12609
0.01674
0.00308
0.00156
0.00142
0.00209
0.00257
0.00328
0.00489
0.00677
0.01016
0.01528
0.02485
0.03886
0.05780
0.09134
0.14693
0.23081
1.00000
100 000
98 326
98 023
97 870
97 730
97 526
97 276
96 958
96 484
95 830
94 857
93 408
91 086
87 546
82 486
74 952
63 939
49 182
1 674
303
153
139
204
250
319
474
653
974
1 449
2 322
3 540
5 060
7 534
11 013
14 758
49 182
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
91
Mortality

1990-1995
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
98 699
393 049
490 313
489 462
487 907
484 919
481 011
476 589
471 274
464 416
454 986
441 353
420 749
390 243
347 790
290 174
217 709
244 330
0.98350 a
0.99708 b
0.99826
0.99682
0.99388
0.99194
0.99081
0.98885
0.98545
0.97969
0.97004
0.95332
0.92749
0.89121
0.83434
0.75027
0.52881 c
0.00000
7 144 974
7 046 275
6 653 226
6 162 913
5 673 451
5 185 544
4 700 625
4 219 615
3 743 025
3 271 751
2 807 334
2 352 348
1 910 995
1 490 245
1 100 003
752 213
462 039
244 330
71.45
71.56
67.79
62.90
58.01
53.26
48.66
44.05
39.47
34.93
30.48
26.17
22.06
18.25
14.78
11.63
8.99
6.85
98 909
394 262
492 094
491 495
490 774
489 785
488 590
486 968
484 679
481 266
475 857
467 313
454 070
434 162
404 290
360 415
300 057
439 979
0.98634 a
0.99782 b
0.99878
0.99853
0.99799
0.99756
0.99668
0.99530
0.99296
0.98876
0.98204
0.97166
0.95616
0.93120
0.89148
0.83253
0.59454 c
0.00000
7 734 965
7 636 056
7 241 794
6 749 700
6 258 205
5 767 431
5 277 645
4 789 055
4 302 087
3 817 407
3 336 141
2 860 284
2 392 972
1 938 902
1 504 740
1 100 450
740 035
439 979
77.35
77.36
73.53
68.63
63.70
58.81
53.94
49.07
44.26
39.49
34.81
30.27
25.89
21.73
17.82
14.24
11.06
8.28
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01552
0.00082
0.00034
0.00036
0.00092
0.00154
0.00170
0.00200
0.00249
0.00338
0.00484
0.00737
0.01186
0.01848
0.02809
0.04576
0.07215
0.14606
0.01532
0.00328
0.00168
0.00179
0.00457
0.00768
0.00844
0.00995
0.01236
0.01677
0.02390
0.03617
0.05759
0.08833
0.13122
0.20531
0.30563
1.00000
100 000
98 468
98 145
97 980
97 805
97 358
96 610
95 794
94 841
93 669
92 098
89 896
86 645
81 655
74 442
64 674
51 396
35 688
1 532
323
165
175
447
748
815
953
1 173
1 571
2 202
3 251
4 990
7 213
9 769
13 278
15 708
35 688
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
92
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01306
0.00057
0.00027
0.00022
0.00037
0.00044
0.00054
0.00079
0.00109
0.00174
0.00279
0.00447
0.00706
0.01096
0.01779
0.02874
0.04594
0.12073
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
0.01292
0.00226
0.00134
0.00110
0.00184
0.00219
0.00269
0.00395
0.00545
0.00865
0.01385
0.02212
0.03470
0.05331
0.08517
0.13405
0.20606
1.00000
100 000
98 708
98 485
98 353
98 245
98 065
97 850
97 587
97 201
96 671
95 835
94 508
92 417
89 211
84 454
77 262
66 904
53 118
1 292
223
132
108
181
215
263
386
530
836
1 328
2 090
3 207
4 756
7 193
10 357
13 786
53 118
Mortalidad

1995-2000
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
98 941
394 290
492 014
491 264
489 816
487 021
483 338
479 180
474 246
467 936
459 224
446 437
427 132
398 597
358 313
303 419
233 853
289 940
0.98646 a
0.99753 b
0.99848
0.99705
0.99429
0.99244
0.99140
0.98970
0.98669
0.98138
0.97216
0.95676
0.93319
0.89894
0.84680
0.77073
0.55354 c
0.00000
7 274 960
7 176 019
6 781 729
6 289 715
5 798 451
5 308 635
4 821 615
4 338 277
3 859 097
3 384 851
2 916 915
2 457 691
2 011 254
1 584 121
1 185 525
827 212
523 793
289 940
72.75
72.68
68.87
63.96
59.06
54.31
49.68
45.06
40.46
35.89
31.41
27.06
22.92
19.06
15.53
12.35
9.63
7.40
99 141
395 384
493 586
493 049
492 392
491 488
490 373
488 942
486 971
483 984
479 253
471 714
459 896
441 877
414 545
374 031
317 118
504 177
0.98905 a
0.99810 b
0.99891
0.99867
0.99816
0.99773
0.99708
0.99597
0.99387
0.99022
0.98427
0.97495
0.96082
0.93815
0.90227
0.84784
0.61388 c
0.00000
7 877 922
7 778 780
7 383 396
6 889 810
6 396 761
5 904 369
5 412 881
4 922 508
4 433 567
3 946 596
3 462 612
2 983 359
2 511 645
2 051 749
1 609 872
1 195 327
821 296
504 177
78.78
78.60
74.75
69.83
64.90
60.01
55.12
50.25
45.41
40.62
35.91
31.31
26.89
22.66
18.67
15.01
11.73
8.87
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01273
0.00068
0.00029
0.00032
0.00086
0.00143
0.00160
0.00185
0.00229
0.00307
0.00446
0.00687
0.01090
0.01696
0.02610
0.04154
0.06509
0.13506
0.01260
0.00270
0.00143
0.00162
0.00428
0.00714
0.00799
0.00922
0.01138
0.01525
0.02204
0.03378
0.05303
0.08135
0.12252
0.18817
0.27991
1.00000
100 000
98 740
98 473
98 332
98 173
97 753
97 055
96 280
95 392
94 306
92 868
90 821
87 753
83 100
76 339
66 986
54 382
39 160
1 260
267
141
159
420
698
776
888
1 086
1 438
2 047
3 068
4 654
6 760
9 353
12 604
15 222
39 160
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01040
0.00049
0.00023
0.00021
0.00033
0.00041
0.00050
0.00067
0.00095
0.00151
0.00242
0.00393
0.00624
0.00981
0.01591
0.02569
0.04149
0.11275
0.01031
0.00198
0.00115
0.00103
0.00164
0.00204
0.00251
0.00333
0.00473
0.00754
0.01202
0.01948
0.03074
0.04789
0.07652
0.12070
0.18794
1.00000
100 000
98 969
98 774
98 661
98 559
98 398
98 198
97 952
97 625
97 163
96 430
95 271
93 415
90 544
86 207
79 611
70 002
56 846
1 031
196
113
102
161
200
246
326
462
733
1 160
1 856
2 871
4 336
6 596
9 609
13 156
56 846
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
93
Mortality

2000-2005
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
99 249
395 935
494 280
493 677
492 427
490 004
486 770
483 106
478 805
473 336
465 707
454 248
436 963
411 443
374 633
324 097
259 228
366 059
0.99037 a
0.99818 b
0.99878
0.99747
0.99508
0.99340
0.99247
0.99110
0.98858
0.98388
0.97540
0.96195
0.94160
0.91054
0.86510
0.79985
0.58543 c
0.00000
7 479 969
7 380 719
6 984 785
6 490 505
5 996 827
5 504 400
5 014 396
4 527 626
4 044 519
3 565 714
3 092 378
2 626 672
2 172 423
1 735 461
1 324 018
949 384
625 287
366 059
74.80
74.48
70.62
65.69
60.78
55.99
51.32
46.67
42.03
37.42
32.88
28.48
24.28
20.34
16.71
13.45
10.59
8.20
99 423
396 810
495 489
495 040
494 479
493 702
492 714
491 533
489 957
487 509
483 638
477 398
467 467
452 033
428 281
392 620
341 044
600 807
0.99247 a
0.99850 b
0.99909
0.99887
0.99843
0.99800
0.99760
0.99679
0.99501
0.99206
0.98710
0.97920
0.96698
0.94745
0.91674
0.86864
0.63790 c
0.00000
8 079 942
7 980 519
7 583 709
7 088 221
6 593 181
6 098 702
5 605 000
5 112 286
4 620 753
4 130 797
3 643 288
3 159 650
2 682 252
2 214 785
1 762 752
1 334 471
941 851
600 807
80.80
80.37
76.49
71.56
66.62
61.71
56.82
51.94
47.06
42.24
37.48
32.83
28.32
24.00
19.91
16.12
12.68
9.67
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.00907
0.00048
0.00022
0.00027
0.00075
0.00123
0.00142
0.00160
0.00198
0.00262
0.00389
0.00610
0.00948
0.01474
0.02311
0.03566
0.05551
0.12198
0.00900
0.00192
0.00110
0.00134
0.00372
0.00613
0.00708
0.00798
0.00984
0.01302
0.01925
0.03006
0.04630
0.07110
0.10924
0.16370
0.24375
1.00000
100 000
99 100
98 910
98 802
98 669
98 302
97 700
97 008
96 234
95 288
94 047
92 236
89 463
85 322
79 256
70 598
59 041
44 650
900
190
108
133
367
602
691
774
946
1 241
1 811
2 773
4 142
6 066
8 658
11 557
14 391
44 650
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
94
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.00704
0.00040
0.00018
0.00018
0.00027
0.00036
0.00044
0.00052
0.00077
0.00123
0.00196
0.00325
0.00518
0.00830
0.01343
0.02169
0.03553
0.10345
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
0.00700
0.00159
0.00090
0.00091
0.00135
0.00179
0.00222
0.00258
0.00384
0.00616
0.00974
0.01610
0.02558
0.04064
0.06495
0.10285
0.16315
1.00000
100 000
99 300
99 142
99 053
98 963
98 829
98 652
98 433
98 180
97 803
97 201
96 254
94 705
92 282
88 531
82 781
74 267
62 151
700
158
89
91
134
177
219
254
377
602
947
1 549
2 423
3 751
5 750
8 514
12 116
62 151
Mortalidad

2005-2010
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
99 323
396 363
494 861
494 305
493 173
490 991
488 063
484 703
480 700
475 541
468 282
457 344
440 802
416 294
380 782
331 679
267 983
387 770
0.99137 a
0.99834 b
0.99888
0.99771
0.99557
0.99404
0.99312
0.99174
0.98927
0.98473
0.97664
0.96383
0.94440
0.91470
0.87105
0.80796
0.59134 c
0.00000
7 548 956
7 449 633
7 053 270
6 558 409
6 064 104
5 570 931
5 079 940
4 591 878
4 107 175
3 626 475
3 150 934
2 682 653
2 225 309
1 784 507
1 368 214
987 431
655 753
387 770
75.49
75.10
71.23
66.30
61.38
56.58
51.87
47.19
42.52
37.90
33.34
28.91
24.69
20.71
17.03
13.72
10.80
8.34
99 476
397 132
495 937
495 530
495 023
494 317
493 413
492 319
490 847
488 561
484 944
479 123
469 862
455 450
433 210
399 642
350 629
637 551
0.99322 a
0.99865 b
0.99918
0.99898
0.99858
0.99817
0.99778
0.99701
0.99534
0.99260
0.98800
0.98067
0.96933
0.95117
0.92251
0.87736
0.64518 c
0.00000
8 152 965
8 053 489
7 656 357
7 160 420
6 664 890
6 169 867
5 675 550
5 182 137
4 689 818
4 198 971
3 710 410
3 225 466
2 746 343
2 276 481
1 821 031
1 387 821
988 180
637 551
81.53
81.05
77.16
72.22
67.28
62.36
57.45
52.57
47.69
42.85
38.08
33.41
28.88
24.52
20.38
16.53
13.02
9.91
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.00810
0.00043
0.00020
0.00025
0.00067
0.00110
0.00129
0.00147
0.00184
0.00248
0.00369
0.00579
0.00900
0.01402
0.02198
0.03398
0.05301
0.11990
0.00805
0.00174
0.00102
0.00123
0.00335
0.00551
0.00642
0.00735
0.00918
0.01230
0.01827
0.02854
0.04402
0.06771
0.10418
0.15661
0.23405
1.00000
100 000
99 195
99 023
98 922
98 800
98 469
97 927
97 298
96 583
95 697
94 520
92 793
90 145
86 176
80 341
71 972
60 700
46 493
805
172
101
122
331
542
629
715
887
1 177
1 727
2 648
3 968
5 835
8 370
11 272
14 207
46 493
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.00633
0.00036
0.00016
0.00017
0.00025
0.00033
0.00041
0.00048
0.00072
0.00115
0.00182
0.00301
0.00481
0.00770
0.01244
0.02011
0.03299
0.10092
0.00630
0.00143
0.00082
0.00083
0.00122
0.00163
0.00204
0.00240
0.00358
0.00574
0.00907
0.01496
0.02377
0.03775
0.06034
0.09573
0.15240
1.00000
100 000
99 370
99 228
99 147
99 065
98 944
98 783
98 582
98 346
97 993
97 431
96 547
95 102
92 842
89 337
83 946
75 910
64 341
630
142
81
82
121
161
201
236
352
562
884
1 444
2 260
3 505
5 391
8 036
11 569
64 341
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
95
Mortality

2010-2015
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
99 387
396 734
495 367
494 851
493 826
491 860
489 206
486 120
482 385
477 506
470 581
460 114
444 247
420 661
386 343
338 577
276 015
408 189
0.99224 a
0.99848 b
0.99896
0.99793
0.99602
0.99461
0.99369
0.99232
0.98989
0.98550
0.97776
0.96552
0.94691
0.91842
0.87636
0.81522
0.59659 c
0.00000
7 611 969
7 512 582
7 115 848
6 620 482
6 125 630
5 631 804
5 139 945
4 650 739
4 164 619
3 682 234
3 204 728
2 734 147
2 274 033
1 829 786
1 409 125
1 022 782
684 204
408 189
76.12
75.67
71.79
66.86
61.93
57.11
52.38
47.67
42.98
38.33
33.75
29.31
25.06
21.05
17.33
13.97
11.00
8.47
99 524
397 417
496 334
495 965
495 505
494 863
494 032
493 016
491 638
489 494
486 105
480 657
471 993
458 496
437 618
405 951
359 308
672 008
0.99388 a
0.99878 b
0.99926
0.99907
0.99870
0.99832
0.99794
0.99720
0.99564
0.99308
0.98879
0.98198
0.97140
0.95446
0.92764
0.88510
0.65160 c
0.00000
8 219 923
8 120 399
7 722 983
7 226 648
6 730 683
6 235 178
5 740 316
5 246 283
4 753 267
4 261 629
3 772 136
3 286 031
2 805 374
2 333 381
1 874 885
1 437 267
1 031 316
672 008
82.20
81.67
77.77
72.83
67.88
62.95
58.04
53.15
48.26
43.41
38.63
33.94
29.39
25.00
20.82
16.91
13.33
10.13
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.00727
0.00039
0.00019
0.00023
0.00060
0.00099
0.00117
0.00136
0.00173
0.00234
0.00351
0.00551
0.00858
0.01337
0.02097
0.03250
0.05080
0.11806
0.00723
0.00158
0.00095
0.00113
0.00302
0.00495
0.00584
0.00678
0.00859
0.01165
0.01739
0.02718
0.04199
0.06468
0.09965
0.15028
0.22538
1.00000
100 000
99 277
99 120
99 026
98 914
98 616
98 128
97 555
96 893
96 061
94 942
93 291
90 755
86 944
81 320
73 217
62 214
48 192
723
157
94
112
298
488
573
661
833
1 119
1 651
2 536
3 811
5 624
8 103
11 003
14 022
48 192
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
96
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.00571
0.00032
0.00015
0.00015
0.00022
0.00030
0.00038
0.00045
0.00067
0.00108
0.00170
0.00281
0.00448
0.00716
0.01158
0.01872
0.03077
0.09871
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
0.00568
0.00129
0.00074
0.00075
0.00111
0.00148
0.00187
0.00224
0.00335
0.00537
0.00849
0.01395
0.02215
0.03519
0.05626
0.08942
0.14288
1.00000
100 000
99 432
99 304
99 230
99 156
99 046
98 899
98 714
98 493
98 162
97 635
96 807
95 456
93 341
90 057
84 990
77 390
66 333
568
128
74
74
110
147
185
221
330
527
829
1 351
2 115
3 284
5 067
7 600
11 057
66 333
Mortalidad

2015-2020
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
99 442
397 050
495 800
495 321
494 388
492 610
490 197
487 350
483 850
479 216
472 584
462 531
447 261
424 492
391 238
344 681
283 174
426 794
0.99298 a
0.99861 b
0.99903
0.99812
0.99640
0.99510
0.99419
0.99282
0.99042
0.98616
0.97873
0.96699
0.94909
0.92166
0.88100
0.82155
0.60115 c
0.00000
7 667 978
7 568 535
7 171 485
6 675 685
6 180 365
5 685 977
5 193 367
4 703 171
4 215 821
3 731 971
3 252 755
2 780 171
2 317 639
1 870 378
1 445 887
1 054 648
709 967
426 794
76.68
76.18
72.29
67.35
62.42
57.58
52.83
48.10
43.39
38.72
34.13
29.66
25.39
21.35
17.59
14.19
11.17
8.59
99 564
397 657
496 672
496 336
495 918
495 332
494 568
493 621
492 325
490 309
487 123
482 008
473 879
461 203
441 553
411 614
367 156
704 101
0.99444 a
0.99890 b
0.99932
0.99916
0.99882
0.99846
0.99809
0.99737
0.99590
0.99350
0.98950
0.98314
0.97325
0.95739
0.93220
0.89199
0.65727 c
0.00000
8 280 939
8 181 375
7 783 718
7 287 046
6 790 710
6 294 792
5 799 460
5 304 892
4 811 271
4 318 945
3 828 636
3 341 514
2 859 506
2 385 627
1 924 424
1 482 871
1 071 257
704 101
82.81
82.24
78.33
73.38
68.43
63.50
58.58
53.68
48.79
43.93
39.14
34.44
29.86
25.44
21.22
17.26
13.61
10.33
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.00657
0.00036
0.00018
0.00021
0.00055
0.00090
0.00107
0.00126
0.00162
0.00223
0.00335
0.00527
0.00821
0.01281
0.02010
0.03121
0.04889
0.11648
0.00653
0.00144
0.00089
0.00104
0.00273
0.00447
0.00533
0.00629
0.00808
0.01109
0.01662
0.02600
0.04022
0.06205
0.09570
0.14476
0.21783
1.00000
100 000
99 347
99 204
99 116
99 012
98 743
98 301
97 777
97 163
96 377
95 309
93 725
91 288
87 617
82 180
74 315
63 557
49 712
653
143
88
103
270
441
524
615
785
1 068
1 584
2 437
3 671
5 436
7 865
10 758
13 845
49 712
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.00518
0.00029
0.00014
0.00014
0.00020
0.00027
0.00035
0.00042
0.00063
0.00101
0.00160
0.00263
0.00419
0.00669
0.01081
0.01750
0.02882
0.09678
0.00516
0.00117
0.00068
0.00068
0.00101
0.00135
0.00173
0.00210
0.00315
0.00504
0.00796
0.01306
0.02072
0.03291
0.05263
0.08381
0.13442
1.00000
100 000
99 484
99 368
99 301
99 234
99 134
98 999
98 828
98 621
98 310
97 814
97 035
95 768
93 784
90 697
85 924
78 722
68 141
516
116
67
67
100
134
171
207
311
496
779
1 267
1 984
3 086
4 774
7 202
10 582
68 141
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
97
Mortality
COLOMBIA: TABLAS ABREVIADAS DE MORTALIDAD

COLOMBIA: ABRIDGED LIFE TABLES
1980-1985
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
96 134
0.94596 a
376 845
0.98523 b
465 991
0.99509
463 704
0.99291
460 418
0.98571
453 838
0.97942
444 497
0.97760
434 540
0.97726
424 658
0.97529
414 163
0.96935
401 469
0.95910
385 050
0.94014
362 001
0.91100
329 783
0.86613
285 635
0.80363
229 545
0.72155
165 629
0.50371 c
168 104
6 362 005
6 265 871
5 889 026
5 423 035
4 959 331
4 498 913
4 045 074
3 600 578
3 166 038
2 741 380
2 327 217
1 925 748
1 540 698
1 178 696
848 913
563 278
333 733
168 104
63.62
65.78
63.01
58.35
53.59
49.10
44.99
40.97
36.85
32.66
28.48
24.42
20.50
16.93
13.63
10.84
8.38
6.36
96 792
0.95569 a
381 055
0.98867 b
472 434
0.99742
471 218
0.99699
469 798
0.99542
467 648
0.99440
465 031
0.99328
461 906
0.99111
457 801
0.98721
451 948
0.98130
443 496
0.97241
431 259
0.95789
413 100
0.93673
386 962
0.90198
349 031
0.85088
296 984
0.77703
230 766
0.54352 c
274 766
7 021 994
6 925 202
6 544 147
6 071 712
5 600 494
5 130 696
4 663 048
4 198 018
3 736 112
3 278 311
2 826 363
2 382 868
1 951 608
1 538 508
1 151 546
802 515
505 531
274 766
70.22
72.01
69.16
64.36
59.49
54.71
49.99
45.27
40.60
35.99
31.51
27.17
23.02
19.12
15.49
12.29
9.45
7.08
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.04931
0.00479
0.00110
0.00087
0.00198
0.00379
0.00454
0.00452
0.00468
0.00534
0.00714
0.00961
0.01524
0.02235
0.03603
0.05291
0.08103
0.15714
0.04740
0.01895
0.00549
0.00433
0.00986
0.01877
0.02243
0.02236
0.02313
0.02634
0.03508
0.04693
0.07342
0.10581
0.16524
0.23366
0.33690
1.00000
100 000
95 260
93 455
92 942
92 540
91 628
89 908
87 891
85 925
83 938
81 727
78 860
75 159
69 641
62 272
51 982
39 836
26 415
4 740
1 805
513
402
912
1 720
2 017
1 966
1 987
2 211
2 867
3 701
5 518
7 369
10 290
12 146
13 421
26 415
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
98
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.03957
0.00405
0.00059
0.00044
0.00077
0.00106
0.00118
0.00152
0.00206
0.00310
0.00447
0.00676
0.01053
0.01578
0.02598
0.03957
0.06385
0.14116
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
0.03830
0.01604
0.00297
0.00218
0.00385
0.00530
0.00589
0.00756
0.01023
0.01537
0.02208
0.03322
0.05130
0.07590
0.12196
0.18005
0.27531
1.00000
100 000
96 170
94 627
94 346
94 141
93 778
93 281
92 731
92 031
91 090
89 689
87 709
84 795
80 445
74 340
65 273
53 520
38 786
3 830
1 543
281
206
363
497
549
701
941
1 400
1 981
2 914
4 350
6 106
9 067
11 752
14 735
38 786
Mortalidad

1985-1990
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
96 689
0.95579 a
381 207
0.98876 b
472 526
0.99610
470 682
0.99178
466 813
0.98216
458 486
0.97559
447 296
0.97480
436 024
0.97508
425 157
0.97387
414 047
0.96986
401 568
0.96126
386 010
0.94385
364 337
0.91736
334 229
0.87558
292 643
0.81619
238 852
0.73819
176 318
0.50814 c
182 152
6 445 035
6 348 346
5 967 139
5 494 613
5 023 931
4 557 118
4 098 632
3 651 337
3 215 312
2 790 155
2 376 108
1 974 540
1 588 530
1 224 193
889 964
597 321
358 470
182 152
64.45
66.07
63.02
58.26
53.47
49.12
45.23
41.35
37.34
33.24
29.09
25.01
21.05
17.42
14.04
11.13
8.56
6.36
97 306
0.96381 a
384 600
0.99103 b
477 583
0.99777
476 518
0.99720
475 184
0.99572
473 151
0.99477
470 677
0.99385
467 783
0.99202
464 049
0.98865
458 781
0.98331
451 122
0.97486
439 781
0.96090
422 584
0.94065
397 504
0.90777
360 840
0.85829
309 704
0.78688
243 700
0.55016 c
298 046
7 168 912
7 071 606
6 687 006
6 209 423
5 732 906
5 257 722
4 784 571
4 313 895
3 846 111
3 382 062
2 923 281
2 472 159
2 032 378
1 609 794
1 212 290
851 450
541 746
298 046
71.69
73.01
69.92
65.09
60.21
55.42
50.69
45.95
41.25
36.61
32.08
27.68
23.47
19.53
15.83
12.56
9.66
7.20
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.04044
0.00366
0.00080
0.00077
0.00254
0.00468
0.00521
0.00499
0.00510
0.00549
0.00677
0.00908
0.01417
0.02058
0.03333
0.04924
0.07516
0.15722
0.03910
0.01454
0.00397
0.00383
0.01262
0.02312
0.02572
0.02466
0.02519
0.02710
0.03327
0.04440
0.06844
0.09788
0.15385
0.21922
0.31636
1.00000
100 000
96 090
94 693
94 317
93 956
92 770
90 625
88 294
86 116
83 947
81 672
78 955
75 449
70 285
63 406
53 651
41 890
28 637
3 910
1 397
376
362
1 186
2 145
2 331
2 177
2 169
2 275
2 717
3 506
5 164
6 879
9 755
11 762
13 252
28 637
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.03227
0.00319
0.00049
0.00040
0.00072
0.00099
0.00110
0.00136
0.00184
0.00273
0.00402
0.00619
0.00983
0.01478
0.02436
0.03767
0.06047
0.13881
0.03140
0.01266
0.00246
0.00200
0.00360
0.00496
0.00550
0.00680
0.00918
0.01355
0.01988
0.03050
0.04798
0.07129
0.11479
0.17213
0.26263
1.00000
100 000
96 860
95 634
95 399
95 208
94 865
94 395
93 876
93 238
92 382
91 130
89 318
86 594
82 439
76 562
67 774
56 108
41 372
3 140
1 226
235
191
343
470
519
638
856
1 252
1 812
2 724
4 155
5 877
8 788
11 666
14 736
41 372
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
99
Mortality

1990-1995
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
97 340
0.96490 a
385 110
0.99116 b
478 184
0.99684
476 675
0.98916
471 506
0.97551
459 962
0.96933
445 854
0.97064
432 763
0.97097
420 199
0.97034
407 736
0.96944
395 277
0.96268
380 524
0.94613
360 024
0.92228
332 045
0.88319
293 259
0.82649
242 377
0.75098
182 020
0.51360 c
192 202
6 453 057
6 355 717
5 970 607
5 492 423
5 015 749
4 544 242
4 084 281
3 638 427
3 205 664
2 785 465
2 377 729
1 982 451
1 601 928
1 241 903
909 859
616 599
374 222
192 202
64.53
65.58
62.34
57.51
52.70
48.64
45.10
41.44
37.57
33.65
29.60
25.49
21.52
17.85
14.39
11.40
8.73
6.42
97 867
0.97205 a
388 157
0.99309 b
482 667
0.99780
481 605
0.99720
480 257
0.99575
478 217
0.99480
475 731
0.99400
472 878
0.99241
469 290
0.98968
464 446
0.98515
457 550
0.97719
447 115
0.96352
430 806
0.94402
406 690
0.91317
371 375
0.86478
321 159
0.79440
255 130
0.55723 c
321 083
7 302 022
7 204 155
6 815 998
6 333 331
5 851 726
5 371 469
4 893 252
4 417 522
3 944 643
3 475 353
3 010 908
2 553 357
2 106 243
1 675 437
1 268 747
897 372
576 213
321 083
73.02
73.84
70.52
65.69
60.81
56.02
51.29
46.56
41.85
37.19
32.61
28.15
23.89
19.91
16.16
12.81
9.86
7.36
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.03164
0.00298
0.00057
0.00070
0.00368
0.00627
0.00619
0.00572
0.00607
0.00598
0.00644
0.00882
0.01346
0.01911
0.03126
0.04615
0.07119
0.15570
0.03080
0.01184
0.00283
0.00348
0.01823
0.03086
0.03048
0.02821
0.02988
0.02944
0.03171
0.04312
0.06510
0.09121
0.14498
0.20687
0.30216
1.00000
100 000
96 920
95 772
95 501
95 169
93 434
90 551
87 791
85 314
82 765
80 329
77 782
74 428
69 582
63 236
54 068
42 883
29 925
3 080
1 148
271
332
1 735
2 883
2 760
2 477
2 549
2 436
2 547
3 354
4 845
6 346
9 168
11 185
12 958
29 925
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.02483
0.00237
0.00048
0.00040
0.00072
0.00098
0.00110
0.00130
0.00175
0.00241
0.00358
0.00567
0.00926
0.01391
0.02280
0.03618
0.05798
0.13588
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
100
0.02430
0.00944
0.00240
0.00200
0.00360
0.00490
0.00550
0.00649
0.00869
0.01197
0.01776
0.02795
0.04525
0.06722
0.10786
0.16588
0.25321
1.00000
100 000
97 570
96 649
96 417
96 225
95 878
95 409
94 884
94 268
93 448
92 330
90 690
88 156
84 167
78 509
70 041
58 423
43 629
2 430
921
232
193
346
470
525
616
819
1 118
1 640
2 535
3 989
5 658
8 468
11 618
14 793
43 629
Mortalidad

1995-2000
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
97 628
0.96904 a
386 895
0.99230 b
480 793
0.99721
479 452
0.99083
475 054
0.97937
465 255
0.97402
453 168
0.97490
441 794
0.97497
430 736
0.97409
419 574
0.97266
408 104
0.96602
394 236
0.95066
374 784
0.92832
347 918
0.89191
310 312
0.83891
260 324
0.76738
199 766
0.53211 c
227 183
6 652 976
6 555 348
6 168 453
5 687 661
5 208 209
4 733 155
4 267 900
3 814 731
3 372 938
2 942 202
2 522 627
2 114 523
1 720 287
1 345 503
997 585
687 273
426 949
227 183
66.53
67.39
64.07
59.22
54.40
50.20
46.48
42.65
38.65
34.61
30.46
26.29
22.27
18.52
15.00
11.93
9.18
6.80
98 188
0.97601 a
389 818
0.99374 b
484 949
0.99799
483 976
0.99745
482 740
0.99612
480 870
0.99524
478 583
0.99449
475 946
0.99300
472 614
0.99044
468 096
0.98622
461 643
0.97882
451 866
0.96616
436 575
0.94804
413 889
0.91932
380 495
0.87423
332 642
0.80826
268 863
0.57259 c
360 188
7 421 941
7 323 753
6 933 935
6 448 986
5 965 010
5 482 270
5 001 400
4 522 817
4 046 871
3 574 257
3 106 161
2 644 518
2 192 652
1 756 077
1 342 188
961 693
629 051
360 188
74.22
74.78
71.41
66.56
61.68
56.88
52.12
47.37
42.64
37.97
33.36
28.88
24.59
20.55
16.75
13.34
10.32
7.73
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.02786
0.00258
0.00051
0.00061
0.00309
0.00527
0.00526
0.00491
0.00524
0.00526
0.00583
0.00804
0.01231
0.01763
0.02871
0.04259
0.06576
0.14695
0.02720
0.01027
0.00254
0.00304
0.01532
0.02601
0.02595
0.02423
0.02584
0.02598
0.02873
0.03939
0.05970
0.08443
0.13393
0.19244
0.28238
1.00000
100 000
97 280
96 281
96 036
95 744
94 277
91 825
89 442
87 275
85 019
82 810
80 431
77 263
72 651
66 517
57 608
46 522
33 385
2 720
999
244
292
1 467
2 452
2 382
2 168
2 256
2 209
2 379
3 168
4 612
6 134
8 909
11 086
13 137
33 385
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.02098
0.00216
0.00044
0.00037
0.00066
0.00090
0.00101
0.00120
0.00161
0.00223
0.00333
0.00526
0.00857
0.01289
0.02109
0.03342
0.05354
0.12931
0.02060
0.00862
0.00219
0.00182
0.00328
0.00447
0.00504
0.00598
0.00803
0.01111
0.01649
0.02594
0.04195
0.06242
0.10017
0.15422
0.23610
1.00000
100 000
97 940
97 096
96 883
96 707
96 389
95 958
95 475
94 904
94 142
93 096
91 561
89 185
85 444
80 111
72 087
60 970
46 575
2 060
844
213
177
317
431
484
571
762
1 045
1 535
2 376
3 741
5 333
8 024
11 117
14 395
46 575
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
101
Mortality

2000-2005
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
97 952
0.97324 a
388 666
0.99318 b
483 300
0.99749
482 087
0.99185
478 159
0.98172
469 418
0.97695
458 595
0.97762
448 330
0.97751
438 249
0.97648
427 942
0.97482
417 167
0.96834
403 958
0.95382
385 302
0.93260
359 331
0.89812
322 723
0.84774
273 584
0.77901
213 125
0.54479 c
255 061
6 802 947
6 704 995
6 316 329
5 833 029
5 350 943
4 872 784
4 403 367
3 944 772
3 496 442
3 058 193
2 630 251
2 213 084
1 809 126
1 423 825
1 064 493
741 770
468 186
255 061
68.03
68.66
65.27
60.42
55.57
51.30
47.46
43.52
39.43
35.31
31.11
26.89
22.82
19.02
15.45
12.32
9.51
7.08
98 466
0.97951 a
391 289
0.99438 b
487 002
0.99818
486 115
0.99769
484 991
0.99649
483 286
0.99567
481 196
0.99496
478 773
0.99357
475 696
0.99120
471 508
0.98728
465 509
0.98044
456 403
0.96876
442 144
0.95199
420 915
0.92537
389 504
0.88351
344 131
0.82185
282 822
0.58714 c
402 205
7 541 954
7 443 488
7 052 199
6 565 197
6 079 082
5 594 091
5 110 804
4 629 609
4 150 836
3 675 140
3 203 633
2 738 124
2 281 721
1 839 577
1 418 662
1 029 158
685 027
402 205
75.42
75.75
72.33
67.47
62.58
57.76
52.98
48.22
43.47
38.77
34.15
29.64
25.30
21.22
17.37
13.89
10.78
8.11
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.02389
0.00229
0.00046
0.00055
0.00274
0.00466
0.00467
0.00438
0.00472
0.00480
0.00540
0.00750
0.01150
0.01657
0.02692
0.04009
0.06201
0.14121
0.02340
0.00910
0.00229
0.00273
0.01358
0.02304
0.02307
0.02169
0.02330
0.02374
0.02665
0.03682
0.05591
0.07958
0.12611
0.18219
0.26843
1.00000
100 000
97 660
96 771
96 549
96 286
94 978
92 789
90 649
88 683
86 616
84 560
82 307
79 276
74 844
68 888
60 201
49 233
36 017
2 340
889
222
263
1 308
2 189
2 140
1 966
2 067
2 056
2 254
3 030
4 432
5 956
8 688
10 968
13 216
36 017
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01767
0.00195
0.00040
0.00033
0.00060
0.00081
0.00092
0.00110
0.00148
0.00206
0.00307
0.00485
0.00789
0.01188
0.01942
0.03076
0.04928
0.12331
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
102
0.01740
0.00776
0.00199
0.00165
0.00297
0.00406
0.00459
0.00548
0.00738
0.01024
0.01523
0.02396
0.03871
0.05770
0.09259
0.14282
0.21937
1.00000
100 000
98 260
97 497
97 304
97 143
96 854
96 461
96 018
95 492
94 787
93 816
92 387
90 174
86 684
81 682
74 119
63 533
49 596
1 740
763
194
161
289
393
443
526
705
971
1 429
2 213
3 490
5 001
7 563
10 586
13 937
49 596
Mortalidad

2005-2010
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
98 079
0.97512 a
389 483
0.99389 b
484 581
0.99773
483 480
0.99273
479 963
0.98373
472 152
0.97944
462 446
0.97994
453 168
0.97969
443 963
0.97853
434 429
0.97667
424 293
0.97032
411 699
0.95652
393 797
0.93626
368 695
0.90343
333 091
0.85529
284 889
0.78897
224 770
0.55470 c
279 994
6 922 971
6 824 892
6 435 409
5 950 828
5 467 349
4 987 385
4 515 233
4 052 787
3 599 619
3 155 657
2 721 227
2 296 934
1 885 235
1 491 439
1 122 744
789 653
504 764
279 994
69.23
69.78
66.33
61.47
56.61
52.27
48.32
44.28
40.11
35.92
31.67
27.41
23.31
19.46
15.85
12.66
9.79
7.30
98 578
0.98121 a
392 026
0.99504 b
488 171
0.99839
487 384
0.99795
486 386
0.99689
484 873
0.99615
483 008
0.99549
480 831
0.99422
478 050
0.99204
474 245
0.98846
468 774
0.98225
460 453
0.97166
447 405
0.95640
427 899
0.93215
398 866
0.89390
356 545
0.83707
298 451
0.60125 c
450 011
7 661 958
7 563 380
7 171 354
6 683 183
6 195 800
5 709 413
5 224 540
4 741 532
4 260 701
3 782 650
3 308 405
2 839 631
2 379 177
1 931 772
1 503 873
1 105 007
748 462
450 011
76.62
76.87
73.39
68.51
63.61
58.77
53.97
49.18
44.42
39.70
35.04
30.50
26.12
21.98
18.06
14.49
11.28
8.49
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.02233
0.00204
0.00042
0.00049
0.00243
0.00414
0.00416
0.00394
0.00427
0.00441
0.00504
0.00704
0.01082
0.01568
0.02540
0.03798
0.05885
0.13693
0.02190
0.00811
0.00208
0.00246
0.01209
0.02051
0.02061
0.01951
0.02113
0.02182
0.02488
0.03461
0.05267
0.07543
0.11942
0.17343
0.25651
1.00000
100 000
97 810
97 017
96 815
96 577
95 409
93 452
91 526
89 741
87 844
85 927
83 790
80 890
76 629
70 849
62 388
51 568
38 340
2 190
793
202
238
1 168
1 957
1 926
1 786
1 896
1 917
2 138
2 900
4 261
5 780
8 461
10 820
13 228
38 340
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01633
0.00171
0.00035
0.00029
0.00053
0.00072
0.00082
0.00099
0.00134
0.00186
0.00278
0.00440
0.00714
0.01077
0.01757
0.02783
0.04461
0.11785
0.01610
0.00681
0.00176
0.00146
0.00263
0.00360
0.00410
0.00492
0.00665
0.00927
0.01382
0.02174
0.03508
0.05242
0.08413
0.13010
0.20068
1.00000
100 000
98 390
97 720
97 548
97 405
97 149
96 800
96 403
95 929
95 291
94 407
93 103
91 079
87 883
83 276
76 270
66 348
53 033
1 610
670
172
143
256
349
397
474
638
884
1 305
2 024
3 195
4 607
7 006
9 922
13 315
53 033
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
103
Mortality

2010-2015
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
98 329
0.97832 a
390 829
0.99454 b
486 486
0.99793
485 480
0.99349
482 318
0.98546
475 307
0.98161
466 564
0.98195
458 141
0.98157
449 698
0.98030
440 838
0.97827
431 257
0.97203
419 196
0.95886
401 948
0.93943
377 601
0.90804
342 878
0.86184
295 504
0.79762
235 700
0.56401 c
304 905
7 042 977
6 944 649
6 553 820
6 067 334
5 581 854
5 099 536
4 624 230
4 157 665
3 699 524
3 249 827
2 808 989
2 377 732
1 958 536
1 556 588
1 178 987
836 109
540 605
304 905
70.43
70.79
67.29
62.42
57.55
53.15
49.10
44.98
40.74
36.49
32.19
27.90
23.76
19.87
16.22
12.97
10.06
7.52
98 770
0.98365 a
393 055
0.99553 b
489 628
0.99853
488 910
0.99814
488 000
0.99717
486 619
0.99649
484 909
0.99586
482 903
0.99466
480 326
0.99263
476 785
0.98929
471 679
0.98351
463 900
0.97368
451 692
0.95948
433 388
0.93687
406 029
0.90114
365 887
0.84769
310 158
0.61204 c
489 292
7 761 930
7 663 160
7 270 105
6 780 477
6 291 568
5 803 568
5 316 949
4 832 040
4 349 137
3 868 811
3 392 026
2 920 348
2 456 448
2 004 755
1 571 367
1 165 338
799 450
489 292
77.62
77.71
74.18
69.30
64.39
59.53
54.72
49.92
45.13
40.40
35.73
31.16
26.75
22.57
18.59
14.96
11.68
8.80
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01932
0.00182
0.00038
0.00045
0.00217
0.00370
0.00373
0.00356
0.00389
0.00407
0.00472
0.00665
0.01023
0.01490
0.02410
0.03617
0.05615
0.13290
0.01900
0.00724
0.00190
0.00223
0.01080
0.01831
0.01848
0.01762
0.01925
0.02016
0.02334
0.03271
0.04987
0.07184
0.11363
0.16584
0.24619
1.00000
100 000
98 100
97 390
97 205
96 988
95 940
94 183
92 443
90 814
89 065
87 270
85 233
82 445
78 334
72 707
64 445
53 757
40 523
1 900
710
185
217
1 048
1 757
1 740
1 629
1 748
1 796
2 037
2 788
4 111
5 628
8 262
10 687
13 234
40 523
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01407
0.00154
0.00032
0.00027
0.00048
0.00066
0.00075
0.00091
0.00123
0.00173
0.00258
0.00408
0.00662
0.00999
0.01629
0.02581
0.04142
0.11365
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
104
0.01390
0.00614
0.00160
0.00133
0.00239
0.00327
0.00375
0.00453
0.00615
0.00860
0.01284
0.02019
0.03256
0.04875
0.07824
0.12124
0.18768
1.00000
100 000
98 610
98 004
97 847
97 717
97 483
97 164
96 800
96 361
95 769
94 945
93 726
91 834
88 843
84 512
77 900
68 455
55 608
1 390
606
157
130
233
319
365
438
593
824
1 219
1 893
2 990
4 331
6 612
9 444
12 847
55 608
Mortalidad

2015-2020
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
98 475
0.98029 a
391 670
0.99507 b
487 731
0.99811
486 809
0.99414
483 955
0.98695
477 641
0.98346
469 743
0.98367
462 072
0.98318
454 302
0.98182
446 041
0.97964
436 959
0.97351
425 382
0.96086
408 734
0.94215
385 088
0.91200
351 199
0.86746
304 650
0.80504
245 256
0.57158 c
327 212
7 142 917
7 044 442
6 652 772
6 165 041
5 678 232
5 194 278
4 716 636
4 246 894
3 784 822
3 330 520
2 884 479
2 447 520
2 022 138
1 613 405
1 228 317
877 118
572 468
327 212
71.43
71.68
68.14
63.26
58.38
53.93
49.79
45.59
41.29
36.98
32.64
28.32
24.15
20.23
16.54
13.25
10.29
7.71
98 884
0.98516 a
393 698
0.99592 b
490 573
0.99865
489 912
0.99829
489 075
0.99740
487 802
0.99676
486 222
0.99616
484 356
0.99503
481 949
0.99311
478 628
0.98997
473 826
0.98454
466 500
0.97534
454 996
0.96199
437 703
0.94074
411 763
0.90706
373 495
0.85639
319 858
0.62038 c
522 709
7 841 949
7 743 065
7 349 367
6 858 794
6 368 883
5 879 808
5 392 005
4 905 783
4 421 427
3 939 478
3 460 849
2 987 024
2 520 524
2 065 528
1 627 826
1 216 063
842 567
522 709
78.42
78.42
74.85
69.96
65.04
60.18
55.35
50.54
45.74
40.99
36.30
31.71
27.28
23.06
19.04
15.35
12.01
9.05
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01757
0.00163
0.00035
0.00041
0.00195
0.00331
0.00336
0.00323
0.00356
0.00378
0.00445
0.00631
0.00972
0.01424
0.02298
0.03462
0.05386
0.12972
0.01730
0.00650
0.00175
0.00204
0.00970
0.01643
0.01665
0.01601
0.01764
0.01874
0.02202
0.03107
0.04746
0.06876
0.10867
0.15933
0.23733
1.00000
100 000
98 270
97 631
97 461
97 263
96 319
94 737
93 160
91 669
90 052
88 365
86 419
83 734
79 760
74 275
66 204
55 656
42 447
1 730
639
170
198
943
1 582
1 577
1 491
1 617
1 687
1 946
2 685
3 974
5 484
8 071
10 548
13 209
42 447
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01274
0.00140
0.00029
0.00025
0.00044
0.00060
0.00069
0.00084
0.00115
0.00162
0.00242
0.00382
0.00619
0.00936
0.01524
0.02418
0.03885
0.11050
0.01260
0.00560
0.00147
0.00122
0.00219
0.00301
0.00347
0.00421
0.00574
0.00805
0.01203
0.01893
0.03050
0.04575
0.07343
0.11399
0.17704
1.00000
100 000
98 740
98 187
98 042
97 922
97 708
97 413
97 075
96 667
96 113
95 339
94 191
92 408
89 590
85 491
79 214
70 184
57 759
1 260
553
145
120
215
294
338
408
555
774
1 147
1 783
2 819
4 099
6 277
9 030
12 425
57 759
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
105
Mortality
COSTA RICA: TABLAS ABREVIADAS DE MORTALIDAD

COSTA RICA: ABRIDGED LIFE TABLES
1980-1985
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
98 208
390 184
486 304
485 218
483 655
480 944
477 510
473 839
469 450
463 693
455 753
444 185
426 444
399 014
357 893
298 849
222 866
244 983
0.97678 a
0.99572 b
0.99777
0.99678
0.99440
0.99286
0.99231
0.99074
0.98774
0.98288
0.97462
0.96006
0.93568
0.89694
0.83502
0.74575
0.52364 c

7 158 992
7 060 784
6 670 600
6 184 296
5 699 078
5 215 423
4 734 479
4 256 969
3 783 131
3 313 680
2 849 987
2 394 234
1 950 048
1 523 605
1 124 590
766 697
467 848
244 983
71.59
72.15
68.51
63.65
58.79
54.03
49.40
44.74
40.08
35.48
30.95
26.54
22.30
18.33
14.70
11.50
8.85
6.75
98 589
392 119
488 967
488 241
487 377
486 229
484 825
482 881
480 128
476 331
470 616
461 821
448 656
428 969
399 797
355 592
292 170
385 657
0.98142 a
0.99645 b
0.99852
0.99823
0.99764
0.99711
0.99599
0.99430
0.99209
0.98800
0.98131
0.97149
0.95612
0.93200
0.88943
0.82164
0.56896 c

7 608 965
7 510 376
7 118 258
6 629 291
6 141 050
5 653 673
5 167 444
4 682 619
4 199 737
3 719 609
3 243 278
2 772 662
2 310 841
1 862 185
1 433 216
1 033 418
677 827
385 657
76.09
76.39
72.73
67.84
62.94
58.06
53.21
48.37
43.59
38.86
34.20
29.68
25.31
21.12
17.18
13.51
10.31
7.54
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.02182
0.00125
0.00044
0.00046
0.00084
0.00141
0.00145
0.00163
0.00209
0.00285
0.00407
0.00624
0.01014
0.01666
0.02738
0.04624
0.07437
0.14811
0.02143
0.00500
0.00219
0.00227
0.00417
0.00704
0.00724
0.00814
0.01039
0.01416
0.02013
0.03074
0.04944
0.07998
0.12814
0.20723
0.31357
1.00000
100 000
97 857
97 367
97 154
96 933
96 529
95 849
95 155
94 380
93 400
92 078
90 224
87 450
83 127
76 479
66 679
52 861
36 285
2 143
490
213
221
405
680
694
775
981
1 322
1 854
2 773
4 323
6 648
9 800
13 818
16 575
36 285
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01712
0.00113
0.00030
0.00029
0.00042
0.00053
0.00063
0.00098
0.00131
0.00187
0.00297
0.00459
0.00701
0.01103
0.01735
0.03021
0.05006
0.13256
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
106
0.01688
0.00452
0.00151
0.00146
0.00208
0.00263
0.00314
0.00488
0.00653
0.00930
0.01473
0.02271
0.03444
0.05366
0.08316
0.14046
0.22244
1.00000
100 000
98 312
97 867
97 720
97 577
97 374
97 118
96 812
96 340
95 711
94 821
93 425
91 303
88 159
83 428
76 490
65 746
51 122
1 688
445
148
143
203
256
305
472
629
890
1 396
2 122
3 144
4 731
6 938
10 744
14 625
51 122
Mortalidad
Cuadro 17 (continuacin 1) / Table 17 (continuacin 1)

1985-1990
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
98 340
391 388
488 243
487 381
485 987
483 464
480 254
476 840
472 827
467 531
460 150
449 489
433 023
407 640
369 466
313 689
240 055
287 206
0.97946 a
0.99697 b
0.99823
0.99714
0.99481
0.99336
0.99289
0.99159
0.98880
0.98421
0.97683
0.96337
0.94138
0.90635
0.84903
0.76527
0.54471 c

7 292 971
7 194 632
6 803 243
6 315 000
5 827 619
5 341 632
4 858 168
4 377 914
3 901 075
3 428 248
2 960 717
2 500 567
2 051 078
1 618 055
1 210 415
840 949
527 261
287 206
72.93
73.38
69.61
64.72
59.84
55.06
50.41
45.73
41.06
36.42
31.87
27.43
23.14
19.13
15.42
12.13
9.39
7.21
98 726
393 266
490 785
490 198
489 445
488 453
487 233
485 550
483 205
479 925
474 860
466 929
454 883
436 814
410 009
369 248
309 704
442 723
0.98398 a
0.99755 b
0.99880
0.99846
0.99797
0.99750
0.99655
0.99517
0.99321
0.98945
0.98330
0.97420
0.96028
0.93863
0.90058
0.83874
0.58839 c

7 751 957
7 653 231
7 259 965
6 769 179
6 278 981
5 789 535
5 301 082
4 813 849
4 328 299
3 845 094
3 365 169
2 890 310
2 423 381
1 968 498
1 531 684
1 121 675
752 427
442 723
77.52
77.70
73.92
69.00
64.09
59.20
54.32
49.47
44.66
39.90
35.20
30.63
26.22
21.99
17.98
14.23
10.92
8.05
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01992
0.00080
0.00033
0.00037
0.00077
0.00131
0.00135
0.00150
0.00188
0.00263
0.00375
0.00565
0.00934
0.01498
0.02480
0.04191
0.06792
0.13878
0.01959
0.00318
0.00166
0.00187
0.00385
0.00654
0.00675
0.00747
0.00936
0.01306
0.01855
0.02787
0.04565
0.07220
0.11676
0.18969
0.29032
1.00000
100 000
98 041
97 730
97 567
97 385
97 010
96 376
95 726
95 010
94 121
92 892
91 168
88 628
84 582
78 474
69 312
56 164
39 858
1 959
312
162
183
375
634
650
715
890
1 229
1 723
2 541
4 046
6 107
9 163
13 148
16 305
39 858
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01522
0.00072
0.00023
0.00025
0.00037
0.00045
0.00055
0.00083
0.00111
0.00162
0.00263
0.00412
0.00636
0.00992
0.01558
0.02685
0.04489
0.12421
0.01503
0.00289
0.00114
0.00125
0.00182
0.00223
0.00277
0.00414
0.00552
0.00807
0.01306
0.02039
0.03132
0.04839
0.07500
0.12581
0.20180
1.00000
100 000
98 498
98 213
98 101
97 978
97 800
97 582
97 312
96 908
96 374
95 596
94 348
92 424
89 529
85 197
78 807
68 892
54 990
1 503
284
112
122
179
218
270
403
535
777
1 249
1 924
2 895
4 332
6 390
9 915
13 903
54 990
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
107
Mortality

1990-1995
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
98 605
392 803
490 118
489 333
487 944
485 395
482 171
478 695
474 662
469 359
461 949
451 533
435 634
411 584
375 619
323 197
253 793
333 538
0.98282 a
0.99737 b
0.99840
0.99716
0.99478
0.99336
0.99279
0.99158
0.98883
0.98421
0.97745
0.96479
0.94479
0.91262
0.86044
0.78526
0.56789 c

7 395 931
7 297 325
6 904 522
6 414 404
5 925 071
5 437 127
4 951 732
4 469 562
3 990 867
3 516 205
3 046 846
2 584 898
2 133 365
1 697 731
1 286 147
910 528
587 331
333 538
73.96
74.19
70.38
65.49
60.59
55.83
51.17
46.51
41.84
37.21
32.67
28.24
23.95
19.93
16.18
12.86
10.04
7.75
98 928
394 349
492 241
491 699
490 978
490 011
488 834
487 270
485 129
482 082
477 394
470 102
458 927
442 041
416 633
377 846
320 909
494 538
0.98655 a
0.99790 b
0.99890
0.99853
0.99803
0.99760
0.99680
0.99561
0.99372
0.99028
0.98472
0.97623
0.96321
0.94252
0.90690
0.84931
0.60646 c

7 859 909
7 760 982
7 366 633
6 874 391
6 382 693
5 891 715
5 401 705
4 912 871
4 425 601
3 940 472
3 458 390
2 980 996
2 510 894
2 051 967
1 609 927
1 193 294
815 448
494 538
78.60
78.60
74.79
69.87
64.94
60.05
55.18
50.32
45.50
40.72
36.01
31.41
26.96
22.69
18.64
14.87
11.51
8.60
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01658
0.00068
0.00030
0.00034
0.00080
0.00130
0.00137
0.00153
0.00186
0.00264
0.00373
0.00541
0.00899
0.01385
0.02312
0.03801
0.06098
0.12898
0.01635
0.00272
0.00151
0.00170
0.00398
0.00647
0.00681
0.00761
0.00925
0.01312
0.01849
0.02668
0.04398
0.06695
0.10928
0.17356
0.26457
1.00000
100 000
98 365
98 097
97 950
97 783
97 394
96 764
96 104
95 373
94 491
93 252
91 527
89 086
85 168
79 466
70 782
58 497
43 020
1 635
267
148
166
389
630
659
731
882
1 239
1 725
2 442
3 918
5 702
8 684
12 285
15 477
43 020
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01271
0.00061
0.00022
0.00023
0.00036
0.00043
0.00053
0.00075
0.00101
0.00151
0.00240
0.00376
0.00589
0.00917
0.01466
0.02489
0.04166
0.11626
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
108
0.01258
0.00244
0.00108
0.00113
0.00180
0.00213
0.00267
0.00373
0.00506
0.00751
0.01195
0.01864
0.02900
0.04482
0.07073
0.11717
0.18866
1.00000
100 000
98 742
98 501
98 395
98 284
98 107
97 897
97 636
97 272
96 780
96 053
94 905
93 136
90 435
86 381
80 272
70 867
57 497
1 258
241
106
111
177
209
261
364
492
727
1 148
1 769
2 701
4 054
6 109
9 405
13 370
57 497
Mortalidad

1995-2000
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
98 856
394 121
491 868
491 156
489 772
487 198
483 961
480 427
476 375
471 066
463 629
453 443
438 079
415 289
381 431
332 269
267 144
382 846
0.98595 a
0.99775 b
0.99855
0.99718
0.99474
0.99336
0.99270
0.99157
0.98885
0.98421
0.97803
0.96612
0.94798
0.91847
0.87111
0.80400
0.58900 c

7 498 931
7 400 075
7 005 954
6 514 085
6 022 929
5 533 157
5 045 959
4 561 998
4 081 571
3 605 195
3 134 130
2 670 501
2 217 058
1 778 980
1 363 690
982 259
649 990
382 846
74.99
75.00
71.17
66.26
61.36
56.60
51.95
47.29
42.64
38.01
33.49
29.07
24.77
20.75
16.96
13.61
10.70
8.30
99 120
395 378
493 622
493 122
492 431
491 488
490 353
488 902
486 957
484 132
479 806
473 124
462 787
447 043
422 995
386 154
331 842
548 665
0.98900 a
0.99823 b
0.99899
0.99860
0.99808
0.99769
0.99704
0.99602
0.99420
0.99106
0.98608
0.97815
0.96598
0.94621
0.91290
0.85935
0.62312 c

7 967 923
7 868 802
7 473 424
6 979 802
6 486 680
5 994 248
5 502 760
5 012 408
4 523 505
4 036 548
3 552 416
3 072 610
2 599 486
2 136 699
1 689 656
1 266 661
880 506
548 665
79.68
79.50
75.66
70.74
65.80
60.92
56.04
51.18
46.34
41.54
36.82
32.20
27.71
23.40
19.31
15.51
12.10
9.15
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01349
0.00057
0.00027
0.00031
0.00082
0.00129
0.00138
0.00155
0.00184
0.00265
0.00372
0.00518
0.00867
0.01281
0.02156
0.03443
0.05469
0.12048
0.01334
0.00229
0.00136
0.00153
0.00410
0.00641
0.00688
0.00773
0.00914
0.01317
0.01844
0.02557
0.04242
0.06205
0.10230
0.15851
0.24055
1.00000
100 000
98 666
98 441
98 307
98 156
97 753
97 126
96 458
95 713
94 838
93 589
91 863
89 514
85 717
80 399
72 174
60 734
46 124
1 334
225
134
151
403
627
668
746
875
1 249
1 726
2 349
3 797
5 319
8 225
11 440
14 610
46 124
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01034
0.00051
0.00020
0.00020
0.00036
0.00041
0.00052
0.00067
0.00093
0.00140
0.00219
0.00343
0.00543
0.00846
0.01380
0.02305
0.03865
0.10928
0.01025
0.00202
0.00101
0.00101
0.00179
0.00204
0.00258
0.00334
0.00462
0.00699
0.01090
0.01699
0.02680
0.04144
0.06668
0.10897
0.17620
1.00000
100 000
98 975
98 775
98 674
98 574
98 398
98 197
97 944
97 617
97 166
96 487
95 435
93 814
91 300
87 517
81 681
72 780
59 956
1 025
200
100
100
176
201
253
327
451
679
1 051
1 621
2 514
3 784
5 835
8 901
12 824
59 956
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
109
Mortality

2000-2005
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
98 980
394 809
492 812
492 169
490 887
488 495
485 480
482 138
478 278
473 182
465 994
456 165
441 379
419 563
387 194
340 213
277 663
416 499
0.98758 a
0.99802 b
0.99870
0.99739
0.99513
0.99383
0.99312
0.99199
0.98935
0.98481
0.97891
0.96759
0.95057
0.92285
0.87866
0.81614
0.60000 c

7 581 901
7 482 921
7 088 112
6 595 300
6 103 131
5 612 245
5 123 749
4 638 269
4 156 131
3 677 852
3 204 670
2 738 676
2 282 510
1 841 131
1 421 568
1 034 375
694 161
416 499
75.82
75.72
71.87
66.96
62.05
57.27
52.60
47.92
43.26
38.62
34.08
29.65
25.33
21.30
17.47
14.07
11.09
8.59
99 219
395 928
494 375
493 919
493 281
492 402
491 343
490 006
488 221
485 600
481 591
475 416
465 817
451 129
428 516
393 737
342 121
593 282
0.99029 a
0.99844 b
0.99908
0.99871
0.99822
0.99785
0.99728
0.99636
0.99463
0.99174
0.98718
0.97981
0.96847
0.94987
0.91884
0.86891
0.63425 c

8 055 904
7 956 685
7 560 757
7 066 382
6 572 463
6 079 182
5 586 780
5 095 437
4 605 431
4 117 210
3 631 610
3 150 018
2 674 602
2 208 785
1 757 656
1 329 140
935 402
593 282
80.56
80.29
76.43
71.50
66.56
61.67
56.78
51.91
47.07
42.26
37.52
32.87
28.35
24.01
19.87
16.02
12.55
9.52
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01194
0.00049
0.00025
0.00028
0.00077
0.00119
0.00129
0.00147
0.00174
0.00254
0.00359
0.00495
0.00828
0.01209
0.02034
0.03209
0.05079
0.11640
0.01182
0.00197
0.00123
0.00138
0.00384
0.00591
0.00644
0.00733
0.00868
0.01264
0.01777
0.02447
0.04056
0.05868
0.09677
0.14853
0.22534
1.00000
100 000
98 818
98 623
98 502
98 366
97 989
97 409
96 783
96 073
95 238
94 034
92 363
90 103
86 449
81 376
73 501
62 584
48 481
1 182
195
122
135
377
579
627
710
834
1 204
1 671
2 260
3 654
5 072
7 875
10 917
14 103
48 481
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.00913
0.00044
0.00019
0.00018
0.00033
0.00038
0.00048
0.00061
0.00085
0.00130
0.00202
0.00315
0.00503
0.00783
0.01286
0.02133
0.03580
0.10501
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
110
0.00906
0.00174
0.00093
0.00091
0.00167
0.00190
0.00241
0.00304
0.00425
0.00649
0.01003
0.01564
0.02482
0.03842
0.06230
0.10127
0.16428
1.00000
100 000
99 094
98 921
98 829
98 739
98 574
98 387
98 150
97 852
97 436
96 804
95 833
94 334
91 993
88 459
82 948
74 547
62 301
906
173
92
90
165
187
237
298
416
632
971
1 499
2 341
3 534
5 511
8 400
12 246
62 301
Mortalidad

2005-2010
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
99 028
395 113
493 258
492 676
491 540
489 432
486 751
483 727
480 162
475 386
468 582
459 152
444 919
423 826
392 462
346 839
285 594
436 531
0.98828 a
0.99821 b
0.99882
0.99769
0.99571
0.99452
0.99379
0.99263
0.99005
0.98569
0.97988
0.96900
0.95259
0.92600
0.88375
0.82342
0.60451 c

7 644 978
7 545 949
7 150 836
6 657 578
6 164 902
5 673 362
5 183 930
4 697 179
4 213 452
3 733 291
3 257 905
2 789 323
2 330 171
1 885 252
1 461 426
1 068 964
722 125
436 531
76.45
76.31
72.45
67.52
62.60
57.81
53.10
48.39
43.70
39.03
34.47
30.02
25.68
21.61
17.76
14.31
11.27
8.70
99 263
396 196
494 753
494 338
493 760
492 959
491 988
490 751
489 089
486 640
482 890
477 106
468 107
454 312
433 020
400 150
350 996
627 640
0.99092 a
0.99857 b
0.99916
0.99883
0.99838
0.99803
0.99749
0.99661
0.99499
0.99229
0.98802
0.98114
0.97053
0.95313
0.92409
0.87716
0.64134 c

8 123 957
8 024 693
7 628 497
7 133 744
6 639 406
6 145 647
5 652 688
5 160 700
4 669 949
4 180 860
3 694 220
3 211 330
2 734 224
2 266 117
1 811 805
1 378 786
978 636
627 640
81.24
80.94
77.06
72.12
67.18
62.28
57.38
52.51
47.65
42.83
38.07
33.41
28.87
24.49
20.31
16.41
12.87
9.75
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01131
0.00044
0.00022
0.00025
0.00068
0.00104
0.00115
0.00134
0.00162
0.00238
0.00339
0.00475
0.00789
0.01162
0.01941
0.03065
0.04856
0.11496
0.01120
0.00175
0.00112
0.00124
0.00338
0.00520
0.00575
0.00667
0.00807
0.01183
0.01682
0.02349
0.03869
0.05647
0.09258
0.14233
0.21651
1.00000
100 000
98 880
98 707
98 596
98 474
98 142
97 631
97 069
96 422
95 643
94 511
92 922
90 739
87 228
82 302
74 683
64 053
50 185
1 120
173
111
122
333
511
562
648
778
1 132
1 590
2 182
3 511
4 926
7 620
10 630
13 868
50 185
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.00857
0.00039
0.00017
0.00017
0.00030
0.00035
0.00044
0.00056
0.00079
0.00122
0.00188
0.00294
0.00469
0.00731
0.01199
0.01988
0.03336
0.10252
0.00851
0.00158
0.00085
0.00083
0.00151
0.00173
0.00221
0.00281
0.00396
0.00606
0.00937
0.01461
0.02317
0.03592
0.05822
0.09469
0.15394
1.00000
100 000
99 149
98 993
98 908
98 827
98 677
98 506
98 289
98 012
97 624
97 032
96 123
94 719
92 524
89 201
84 007
76 053
64 345
851
156
84
82
149
171
218
277
388
591
909
1 404
2 195
3 323
5 194
7 954
11 708
64 345
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
111
Mortality

2010-2015
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
99 076
395 401
493 677
493 149
492 141
490 282
487 895
485 151
481 845
477 352
470 887
461 810
448 067
427 618
397 153
352 758
292 721
454 916
0.98895 a
0.99838 b
0.99893
0.99796
0.99622
0.99513
0.99438
0.99319
0.99068
0.98646
0.98072
0.97024
0.95436
0.92876
0.88822
0.82981
0.60847 c

7 701 902
7 602 826
7 207 425
6 713 748
6 220 599
5 728 458
5 238 175
4 750 280
4 265 129
3 783 284
3 305 932
2 835 044
2 373 234
1 925 166
1 497 548
1 100 395
747 637
454 916
77.02
76.84
72.96
68.03
63.11
58.29
53.54
48.81
44.09
39.41
34.82
30.35
25.99
21.90
18.02
14.53
11.44
8.80
99 306
396 445
495 103
494 724
494 198
493 467
492 572
491 424
489 869
487 572
484 048
478 608
470 139
457 132
437 013
405 853
358 937
659 494
0.99150 a
0.99869 b
0.99923
0.99894
0.99852
0.99819
0.99767
0.99684
0.99531
0.99277
0.98876
0.98230
0.97233
0.95599
0.92870
0.88440
0.64756 c

8 185 905
8 086 599
7 690 154
7 195 051
6 700 327
6 206 129
5 712 662
5 220 090
4 728 667
4 238 797
3 751 225
3 267 177
2 788 569
2 318 430
1 861 298
1 424 285
1 018 431
659 494
81.86
81.52
77.63
72.69
67.74
62.83
57.93
53.04
48.18
43.35
38.58
33.90
29.33
24.93
20.71
16.77
13.16
9.97
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01070
0.00039
0.00021
0.00022
0.00060
0.00092
0.00103
0.00122
0.00151
0.00224
0.00322
0.00458
0.00755
0.01121
0.01861
0.02939
0.04662
0.11369
0.01060
0.00156
0.00103
0.00111
0.00297
0.00458
0.00516
0.00610
0.00754
0.01113
0.01598
0.02262
0.03706
0.05455
0.08890
0.13690
0.20877
1.00000
100 000
98 940
98 786
98 685
98 575
98 282
97 831
97 327
96 734
96 004
94 936
93 419
91 305
87 922
83 126
75 736
65 368
51 721
1 060
154
101
110
293
450
504
593
729
1 068
1 517
2 113
3 384
4 796
7 390
10 368
13 647
51 721
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.00805
0.00036
0.00016
0.00015
0.00027
0.00032
0.00041
0.00052
0.00074
0.00114
0.00177
0.00276
0.00439
0.00686
0.01124
0.01861
0.03124
0.10035
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
112
0.00799
0.00143
0.00078
0.00075
0.00137
0.00158
0.00204
0.00262
0.00371
0.00568
0.00879
0.01371
0.02174
0.03373
0.05465
0.08892
0.14489
1.00000
100 000
99 201
99 059
98 982
98 907
98 772
98 615
98 414
98 156
97 792
97 237
96 382
95 061
92 995
89 858
84 947
77 394
66 181
799
142
77
75
136
157
201
258
364
555
854
1 321
2 066
3 137
4 911
7 553
11 213
66 181
Mortalidad

2015-2020
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
99 123
395 674
494 069
493 586
492 688
491 042
488 906
486 402
483 318
479 067
472 894
464 121
450 800
430 907
401 222
357 900
298 939
471 265
0.98959 a
0.99853 b
0.99902
0.99818
0.99666
0.99565
0.99488
0.99366
0.99120
0.98711
0.98145
0.97130
0.95587
0.93111
0.89203
0.83526
0.61187 c

7 751 923
7 652 800
7 257 126
6 763 057
6 269 471
5 776 783
5 285 741
4 796 834
4 310 433
3 827 115
3 348 048
2 875 153
2 411 033
1 960 233
1 529 326
1 128 104
770 204
471 265
77.52
77.30
73.41
68.47
63.54
58.70
53.93
49.17
44.43
39.73
35.13
30.64
26.26
22.14
18.24
14.72
11.58
8.88
99 347
396 680
495 430
495 082
494 600
493 929
493 099
492 026
490 564
488 396
485 066
479 922
471 908
459 579
440 475
410 803
365 858
688 163
0.99205 a
0.99880 b
0.99930
0.99903
0.99864
0.99832
0.99782
0.99703
0.99558
0.99318
0.98939
0.98330
0.97388
0.95843
0.93264
0.89059
0.65289 c

8 240 927
8 141 580
7 744 900
7 249 470
6 754 389
6 259 789
5 765 860
5 272 761
4 780 735
4 290 170
3 801 774
3 316 708
2 836 786
2 364 878
1 905 299
1 464 824
1 054 021
688 163
82.41
82.03
78.14
73.19
68.24
63.32
58.41
53.52
48.64
43.80
39.03
34.33
29.75
25.32
21.07
17.08
13.42
10.15
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01011
0.00035
0.00019
0.00020
0.00053
0.00081
0.00093
0.00112
0.00142
0.00212
0.00308
0.00443
0.00726
0.01087
0.01792
0.02833
0.04498
0.11260
0.01002
0.00139
0.00094
0.00101
0.00263
0.00406
0.00464
0.00560
0.00708
0.01052
0.01527
0.02189
0.03567
0.05290
0.08577
0.13226
0.20217
1.00000
100 000
98 998
98 860
98 767
98 667
98 408
98 009
97 554
97 007
96 320
95 307
93 851
91 797
88 523
83 840
76 649
66 511
53 065
1 002
138
93
100
259
399
455
547
687
1 014
1 455
2 054
3 274
4 683
7 191
10 138
13 446
53 065
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.00754
0.00033
0.00014
0.00014
0.00025
0.00029
0.00038
0.00049
0.00070
0.00107
0.00166
0.00261
0.00414
0.00648
0.01059
0.01753
0.02945
0.09850
0.00749
0.00130
0.00072
0.00069
0.00126
0.00146
0.00190
0.00245
0.00349
0.00535
0.00829
0.01294
0.02051
0.03186
0.05160
0.08399
0.13715
1.00000
100 000
99 251
99 122
99 051
98 982
98 858
98 713
98 526
98 284
97 941
97 417
96 610
95 359
93 404
90 428
85 762
78 559
67 784
749
129
71
68
124
144
187
242
343
524
808
1 250
1 955
2 976
4 666
7 203
10 775
67 784
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
113
Mortality
CUBA: TABLAS ABREVIADAS DE MORTALIDAD

CUBA: ABRIDGED LIFE TABLES
1980-1985
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
98 354
391 464
488 067
486 913
485 089
482 243
478 896
475 239
470 903
465 083
456 587
444 070
425 871
399 147
360 861
309 349
243 696
301 144
0.97964 a
0.99643 b
0.99764
0.99625
0.99413
0.99306
0.99236
0.99088
0.98764
0.98173
0.97259
0.95902
0.93725
0.90408
0.85725
0.78777
0.55272 c
0.00000
7 262 975
7 164 621
6 773 157
6 285 090
5 798 177
5 313 088
4 830 845
4 351 949
3 876 711
3 405 808
2 940 725
2 484 138
2 040 068
1 614 197
1 215 050
854 189
544 840
301 144
72.63
73.03
69.31
64.46
59.61
54.90
50.26
45.60
40.95
36.35
31.85
27.51
23.36
19.44
15.85
12.62
9.72
7.27
98 656
392 704
489 792
488 946
487 542
485 375
483 051
480 620
477 589
473 289
466 884
457 578
444 044
423 386
392 633
350 053
292 102
412 698
0.98272 a
0.99681 b
0.99827
0.99713
0.99555
0.99521
0.99497
0.99369
0.99099
0.98647
0.98007
0.97042
0.95348
0.92736
0.89155
0.83445
0.58555 c
0.00000
7 596 941
7 498 285
7 105 581
6 615 789
6 126 843
5 639 301
5 153 926
4 670 875
4 190 255
3 712 666
3 239 378
2 772 494
2 314 916
1 870 873
1 447 486
1 054 853
704 800
412 698
75.97
76.18
72.48
67.59
62.71
57.95
53.22
48.46
43.71
39.01
34.41
29.94
25.60
21.46
17.62
14.08
10.82
7.98
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01927
0.00097
0.00045
0.00049
0.00101
0.00135
0.00144
0.00163
0.00204
0.00294
0.00445
0.00670
0.01011
0.01600
0.02475
0.03774
0.05985
0.13763
0.01895
0.00388
0.00227
0.00246
0.00504
0.00670
0.00718
0.00810
0.01016
0.01458
0.02201
0.03295
0.04929
0.07691
0.11652
0.17243
0.26032
1.00000
100 000
98 105
97 724
97 503
97 263
96 773
96 124
95 434
94 661
93 700
92 333
90 301
87 326
83 022
76 637
67 707
56 032
41 446
1 895
381
222
240
490
649
690
773
962
1 366
2 032
2 975
4 305
6 385
8 930
11 675
14 586
41 446
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01594
0.00099
0.00033
0.00036
0.00079
0.00099
0.00093
0.00109
0.00144
0.00218
0.00328
0.00479
0.00726
0.01191
0.01849
0.02791
0.04590
0.12531
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
114
0.01572
0.00393
0.00167
0.00179
0.00396
0.00494
0.00464
0.00543
0.00718
0.01084
0.01626
0.02367
0.03563
0.05781
0.08837
0.13047
0.20589
1.00000
100 000
98 428
98 040
97 877
97 702
97 315
96 835
96 386
95 862
95 174
94 142
92 612
90 420
87 198
82 157
74 896
65 125
51 716
1 572
387
164
175
387
480
449
523
689
1 032
1 530
2 192
3 222
5 041
7 260
9 772
13 409
51 716
Mortalidad

1985-1990
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
98 436
391 886
488 639
487 516
485 736
482 952
479 664
476 054
471 765
465 988
457 528
445 040
426 885
400 299
362 261
310 954
245 393
304 964
0.98064 a
0.99657 b
0.99770
0.99635
0.99427
0.99319
0.99247
0.99099
0.98776
0.98184
0.97271
0.95921
0.93772
0.90497
0.85837
0.78916
0.55412 c
0.00000
7 281 960
7 183 523
6 791 637
6 302 999
5 815 482
5 329 746
4 846 794
4 367 131
3 891 077
3 419 312
2 953 324
2 495 796
2 050 756
1 623 871
1 223 572
861 311
550 357
304 964
72.82
73.15
69.42
64.57
59.72
55.00
50.34
45.68
41.03
36.42
31.92
27.58
23.43
19.51
15.91
12.66
9.76
7.30
98 846
393 678
491 139
490 375
489 122
487 195
485 090
482 826
479 959
475 836
469 635
460 545
447 277
427 141
397 192
355 273
297 727
428 120
0.98505 a
0.99719 b
0.99844
0.99744
0.99606
0.99568
0.99533
0.99406
0.99141
0.98697
0.98064
0.97119
0.95498
0.92988
0.89446
0.83802
0.58982 c
0.00000
7 656 976
7 558 130
7 164 452
6 673 313
6 182 938
5 693 817
5 206 622
4 721 532
4 238 706
3 758 747
3 282 910
2 813 275
2 352 730
1 905 454
1 478 312
1 081 120
725 847
428 120
76.57
76.62
72.88
67.99
63.09
58.31
53.55
48.77
44.01
39.29
34.68
30.19
25.84
21.68
17.82
14.24
10.96
8.10
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01828
0.00093
0.00044
0.00048
0.00099
0.00131
0.00142
0.00160
0.00202
0.00292
0.00443
0.00667
0.01006
0.01584
0.02450
0.03746
0.05940
0.13703
0.01800
0.00371
0.00221
0.00238
0.00492
0.00655
0.00707
0.00799
0.01004
0.01447
0.02190
0.03281
0.04905
0.07619
0.11541
0.17127
0.25859
1.00000
100 000
98 200
97 836
97 620
97 387
96 908
96 273
95 592
94 829
93 877
92 518
90 493
87 523
83 231
76 889
68 015
56 366
41 791
1 800
365
216
233
479
635
681
763
952
1 358
2 026
2 969
4 293
6 342
8 874
11 649
14 576
41 791
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01376
0.00086
0.00030
0.00032
0.00070
0.00088
0.00085
0.00102
0.00137
0.00209
0.00317
0.00466
0.00706
0.01146
0.01784
0.02726
0.04479
0.12351
0.01360
0.00343
0.00150
0.00161
0.00350
0.00438
0.00426
0.00507
0.00681
0.01038
0.01571
0.02305
0.03470
0.05570
0.08538
0.12758
0.20140
1.00000
100 000
98 640
98 301
98 154
97 996
97 653
97 225
96 811
96 320
95 664
94 671
93 183
91 035
87 876
82 981
75 896
66 213
52 878
1 360
338
147
158
343
428
415
491
656
993
1 488
2 148
3 159
4 895
7 085
9 683
13 336
52 878
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
115
Mortality

1990-1995
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
98 484
392 130
488 969
487 865
486 111
483 362
480 108
476 526
472 264
466 512
458 073
445 602
427 472
400 967
363 073
311 886
246 378
307 195
0.98123 a
0.99665 b
0.99774
0.99640
0.99434
0.99327
0.99254
0.99106
0.98782
0.98191
0.97278
0.95931
0.93799
0.90549
0.85902
0.78996
0.55493 c
0.00000
7 292 979
7 194 495
6 802 364
6 313 395
5 825 529
5 339 418
4 856 056
4 375 948
3 899 422
3 427 158
2 960 646
2 502 573
2 056 971
1 629 499
1 228 532
865 459
553 573
307 195
72.93
73.22
69.48
64.63
59.77
55.05
50.40
45.73
41.08
36.47
31.96
27.62
23.47
19.55
15.95
12.69
9.79
7.32
98 895
393 935
491 494
490 752
489 539
487 676
485 628
483 409
480 585
476 510
470 363
461 330
448 132
428 136
398 402
356 661
299 226
432 281
0.98566 a
0.99729 b
0.99849
0.99753
0.99619
0.99580
0.99543
0.99416
0.99152
0.98710
0.98080
0.97139
0.95538
0.93055
0.89523
0.83896
0.59095 c
0.00000
7 672 955
7 574 060
7 180 125
6 688 630
6 197 878
5 708 340
5 220 664
4 735 036
4 251 627
3 771 041
3 294 531
2 824 169
2 362 839
1 914 706
1 486 570
1 088 167
731 507
432 281
76.73
76.74
72.99
68.09
63.20
58.40
53.64
48.85
44.09
39.37
34.75
30.26
25.91
21.74
17.87
14.29
11.00
8.13
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01771
0.00091
0.00044
0.00047
0.00097
0.00130
0.00141
0.00159
0.00200
0.00290
0.00441
0.00666
0.01003
0.01575
0.02435
0.03730
0.05913
0.13669
0.01744
0.00362
0.00218
0.00234
0.00485
0.00646
0.00701
0.00792
0.00997
0.01441
0.02183
0.03274
0.04890
0.07578
0.11477
0.17060
0.25759
1.00000
100 000
98 256
97 900
97 687
97 459
96 986
96 359
95 684
94 926
93 979
92 626
90 603
87 637
83 352
77 035
68 194
56 560
41 991
1 744
355
213
229
473
627
675
758
947
1 354
2 022
2 966
4 286
6 316
8 841
11 634
14 569
41 991
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01319
0.00083
0.00029
0.00031
0.00068
0.00085
0.00083
0.00100
0.00135
0.00206
0.00314
0.00463
0.00701
0.01134
0.01766
0.02708
0.04450
0.12304
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
116
0.01304
0.00330
0.00145
0.00157
0.00338
0.00423
0.00417
0.00497
0.00671
0.01026
0.01557
0.02289
0.03446
0.05515
0.08459
0.12682
0.20022
1.00000
100 000
98 696
98 370
98 227
98 073
97 742
97 328
96 923
96 441
95 793
94 811
93 334
91 198
88 055
83 199
76 162
66 503
53 188
1 304
325
143
154
332
414
405
482
648
983
1 476
2 137
3 142
4 856
7 038
9 659
13 315
53 188
Mortalidad

1995-2000
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
99 024
394 905
492 726
491 831
490 372
488 032
485 169
481 903
477 954
472 490
464 288
452 017
434 184
408 607
372 396
322 626
257 808
333 576
0.98786 a
0.99756 b
0.99818
0.99703
0.99523
0.99413
0.99327
0.99181
0.98857
0.98264
0.97357
0.96055
0.94109
0.91138
0.86635
0.79909
0.56406 c
0.00000
7 419 909
7 320 884
6 925 980
6 433 254
5 941 422
5 451 050
4 963 018
4 477 848
3 995 945
3 517 992
3 045 502
2 581 214
2 129 197
1 695 013
1 286 406
914 010
591 383
333 576
74.20
74.04
70.22
65.34
60.46
55.70
50.99
46.29
41.61
36.97
32.45
28.10
23.94
20.00
16.34
13.01
10.06
7.53
99 343
396 305
494 771
494 230
493 386
492 115
490 606
488 802
486 382
482 748
477 107
468 611
456 080
437 395
409 698
369 665
313 346
472 396
0.99130 a
0.99823 b
0.99891
0.99829
0.99742
0.99693
0.99632
0.99505
0.99253
0.98831
0.98219
0.97326
0.95903
0.93668
0.90229
0.84765
0.60121 c
0.00000
7 822 986
7 723 643
7 327 338
6 832 568
6 338 337
5 844 951
5 352 836
4 862 230
4 373 428
3 887 046
3 404 298
2 927 191
2 458 580
2 002 500
1 565 105
1 155 407
785 742
472 396
78.23
77.85
74.01
69.08
64.16
59.30
54.46
49.63
44.83
40.08
35.42
30.90
26.52
22.32
18.36
14.69
11.35
8.42
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01129
0.00063
0.00036
0.00037
0.00082
0.00109
0.00126
0.00144
0.00185
0.00275
0.00427
0.00648
0.00969
0.01475
0.02272
0.03548
0.05616
0.13287
0.01118
0.00251
0.00180
0.00183
0.00410
0.00545
0.00629
0.00718
0.00921
0.01367
0.02110
0.03187
0.04729
0.07110
0.10748
0.16297
0.24624
1.00000
100 000
98 882
98 634
98 456
98 276
97 873
97 340
96 728
96 033
95 148
93 848
91 867
88 940
84 734
78 709
70 249
58 801
44 322
1 118
248
177
180
403
533
612
695
885
1 301
1 980
2 928
4 206
6 025
8 460
11 448
14 479
44 322
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.00794
0.00052
0.00021
0.00023
0.00045
0.00058
0.00065
0.00082
0.00117
0.00184
0.00287
0.00433
0.00654
0.01026
0.01609
0.02549
0.04182
0.11879
0.00789
0.00207
0.00104
0.00115
0.00227
0.00288
0.00326
0.00409
0.00581
0.00914
0.01426
0.02140
0.03220
0.05003
0.07732
0.11981
0.18932
1.00000
100 000
99 211
99 005
98 903
98 789
98 565
98 281
97 961
97 560
96 993
96 106
94 736
92 708
89 723
85 235
78 644
69 222
56 117
789
205
103
113
224
284
320
401
567
886
1 370
2 028
2 985
4 489
6 590
9 423
13 105
56 117
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
117
Mortality

2000-2005
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
99 410
396 878
495 404
494 674
493 457
491 460
488 941
485 967
482 309
477 139
469 244
457 318
439 958
415 345
380 679
332 345
268 454
359 992
0.99257 a
0.99822 b
0.99853
0.99754
0.99595
0.99487
0.99392
0.99247
0.98928
0.98345
0.97459
0.96204
0.94406
0.91654
0.87303
0.80776
0.57283 c
0.00000
7 528 971
7 429 561
7 032 684
6 537 279
6 042 605
5 549 149
5 057 688
4 568 747
4 082 781
3 600 472
3 123 333
2 654 090
2 196 771
1 756 814
1 341 469
960 790
628 445
359 992
75.29
74.80
70.93
66.03
61.12
56.33
51.57
46.85
42.14
37.49
32.94
28.57
24.40
20.44
16.73
13.33
10.33
7.74
99 546
397 415
496 304
495 864
495 199
494 214
492 969
491 379
489 175
485 797
480 473
472 354
460 314
442 496
416 103
377 357
322 157
499 829
0.99392 a
0.99868 b
0.99911
0.99866
0.99801
0.99748
0.99677
0.99552
0.99309
0.98904
0.98310
0.97451
0.96129
0.94036
0.90688
0.85372
0.60807 c
0.00000
7 908 942
7 809 396
7 411 981
6 915 677
6 419 813
5 924 614
5 430 400
4 937 432
4 446 053
3 956 878
3 471 081
2 990 608
2 518 255
2 057 941
1 615 445
1 199 342
821 985
499 829
79.09
78.52
74.64
69.70
64.76
59.87
55.00
50.15
45.32
40.55
35.88
31.33
26.93
22.71
18.70
14.98
11.60
8.62
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.00678
0.00043
0.00030
0.00029
0.00070
0.00093
0.00113
0.00131
0.00171
0.00260
0.00408
0.00624
0.00930
0.01385
0.02131
0.03376
0.05340
0.12923
0.00674
0.00171
0.00150
0.00145
0.00348
0.00462
0.00564
0.00653
0.00853
0.01293
0.02022
0.03072
0.04544
0.06695
0.10116
0.15568
0.23555
1.00000
100 000
99 326
99 155
99 006
98 863
98 519
98 065
97 512
96 875
96 048
94 807
92 890
90 037
85 946
80 192
72 080
60 858
46 523
674
170
149
143
344
455
553
637
827
1 241
1 917
2 853
4 091
5 754
8 112
11 222
14 335
46 523
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.00551
0.00038
0.00017
0.00019
0.00035
0.00045
0.00056
0.00073
0.00107
0.00171
0.00271
0.00412
0.00623
0.00962
0.01514
0.02438
0.03998
0.11602
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
118
0.00549
0.00150
0.00083
0.00094
0.00174
0.00223
0.00281
0.00364
0.00533
0.00849
0.01345
0.02040
0.03068
0.04699
0.07293
0.11489
0.18175
1.00000
100 000
99 451
99 302
99 219
99 126
98 953
98 732
98 455
98 096
97 574
96 745
95 444
93 497
90 628
86 370
80 071
70 872
57 991
549
149
83
93
173
221
277
359
523
829
1 301
1 947
2 869
4 258
6 299
9 200
12 881
57 991
Mortalidad

2005-2010
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
99 508
0.99382 a
397 401
0.99844 b
496 134
0.99871
495 492
0.99788
494 440
0.99651
492 715
0.99553
490 511
0.99458
487 855
0.99315
484 515
0.99015
479 742
0.98476
472 428
0.97652
461 337
0.96473
445 067
0.94765
421 768
0.92146
388 642
0.88017
342 072
0.81802
279 823
0.58381 c
392 525
7 621 976
7 522 467
7 125 066
6 628 932
6 133 440
5 639 000
5 146 285
4 655 774
4 167 919
3 683 404
3 203 662
2 731 234
2 269 897
1 824 830
1 403 062
1 014 420
672 348
392 525
76.22
75.65
71.76
66.85
61.93
57.11
52.33
47.58
42.84
38.16
33.59
29.18
24.96
20.95
17.19
13.74
10.67
8.02
99 613
0.99488 a
397 826
0.99887 b
496 875
0.99924
496 496
0.99886
495 930
0.99830
495 089
0.99783
494 014
0.99719
492 627
0.99607
490 689
0.99394
487 714
0.99038
483 024
0.98515
475 854
0.97755
465 169
0.96581
449 265
0.94718
425 533
0.91728
390 332
0.86940
339 356
0.62456 c
564 544
8 039 949
7 940 337
7 542 511
7 045 636
6 549 139
6 053 209
5 558 121
5 064 107
4 571 481
4 080 791
3 593 077
3 110 053
2 634 199
2 169 030
1 719 765
1 294 232
903 900
564 544
80.40
79.77
75.87
70.93
65.98
61.07
56.19
51.32
46.47
41.68
36.97
32.39
27.93
23.64
19.55
15.73
12.24
9.12
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.00562
0.00037
0.00026
0.00025
0.00060
0.00080
0.00099
0.00118
0.00157
0.00239
0.00376
0.00577
0.00865
0.01297
0.02002
0.03171
0.05021
0.12468
0.00559
0.00149
0.00132
0.00126
0.00299
0.00399
0.00496
0.00588
0.00782
0.01190
0.01863
0.02842
0.04232
0.06282
0.09531
0.14692
0.22307
1.00000
100 000
99 441
99 292
99 161
99 036
98 740
98 346
97 858
97 283
96 523
95 374
93 597
90 937
87 089
81 618
73 839
62 990
48 939
559
149
131
125
296
394
488
575
761
1 149
1 777
2 660
3 848
5 471
7 779
10 849
14 051
48 939
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.00464
0.00032
0.00014
0.00016
0.00030
0.00038
0.00049
0.00064
0.00094
0.00150
0.00237
0.00362
0.00548
0.00848
0.01335
0.02152
0.03534
0.10960
0.00462
0.00128
0.00072
0.00080
0.00148
0.00191
0.00243
0.00319
0.00468
0.00745
0.01179
0.01793
0.02705
0.04153
0.06461
0.10209
0.16234
1.00000
100 000
99 538
99 411
99 339
99 259
99 113
98 923
98 683
98 368
97 908
97 178
96 032
94 310
91 758
87 948
82 265
73 867
61 875
462
127
72
80
147
190
240
315
460
730
1 146
1 722
2 551
3 810
5 682
8 398
11 992
61 875
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
119
Mortality

2010-2015
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
99 574
0.99467 a
397 760
0.99862 b
496 650
0.99886
496 084
0.99816
495 171
0.99698
493 678
0.99608
491 743
0.99515
489 359
0.99373
486 292
0.99088
481 858
0.98586
475 044
0.97816
464 671
0.96702
449 345
0.95070
427 192
0.92563
395 423
0.88623
350 438
0.82674
289 722
0.59288 c
421 925
7 701 930
7 602 355
7 204 595
6 707 945
6 211 861
5 716 690
5 223 011
4 731 268
4 241 910
3 755 618
3 273 760
2 798 716
2 334 045
1 884 700
1 457 508
1 062 085
711 647
421 925
77.02
76.39
72.49
67.57
62.64
57.80
52.99
48.21
43.46
38.76
34.16
29.72
25.46
21.40
17.60
14.10
10.98
8.26
99 652
0.99543 a
398 062
0.99897 b
497 204
0.99931
496 861
0.99897
496 352
0.99847
495 593
0.99803
494 617
0.99743
493 347
0.99639
491 564
0.99442
488 823
0.99116
484 501
0.98634
477 882
0.97930
467 990
0.96842
453 209
0.95112
431 054
0.92328
397 984
0.87847
349 619
0.63400 c
605 616
8 119 931
8 020 279
7 622 216
7 125 012
6 628 151
6 131 800
5 636 206
5 141 589
4 648 242
4 156 678
3 667 855
3 183 354
2 705 472
2 237 482
1 784 273
1 353 219
955 235
605 616
81.20
80.53
76.63
71.67
66.72
61.81
56.91
52.03
47.18
42.37
37.65
33.03
28.54
24.21
20.08
16.20
12.63
9.43
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.00484
0.00033
0.00023
0.00022
0.00051
0.00069
0.00088
0.00107
0.00145
0.00222
0.00349
0.00536
0.00810
0.01223
0.01893
0.02999
0.04755
0.12101
0.00482
0.00131
0.00117
0.00111
0.00257
0.00346
0.00438
0.00532
0.00722
0.01103
0.01729
0.02647
0.03968
0.05932
0.09036
0.13950
0.21249
1.00000
100 000
99 518
99 388
99 272
99 162
98 907
98 564
98 133
97 611
96 906
95 837
94 181
91 688
88 050
82 827
75 343
64 832
51 056
482
130
116
110
255
343
432
522
705
1 069
1 657
2 493
3 638
5 223
7 484
10 510
13 776
51 056
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.00413
0.00029
0.00013
0.00014
0.00027
0.00035
0.00044
0.00059
0.00086
0.00138
0.00218
0.00333
0.00506
0.00783
0.01233
0.01988
0.03270
0.10602
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
120
0.00412
0.00115
0.00066
0.00072
0.00133
0.00173
0.00221
0.00292
0.00431
0.00685
0.01084
0.01651
0.02496
0.03838
0.05981
0.09470
0.15115
1.00000
100 000
99 588
99 473
99 408
99 336
99 204
99 033
98 814
98 525
98 101
97 428
96 372
94 781
92 415
88 868
83 553
75 640
64 207
412
115
65
72
132
171
219
289
424
672
1 056
1 591
2 366
3 547
5 315
7 913
11 433
64 207
Mortalidad

2015-2020
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
99 629
0.99538 a
398 061
0.99880 b
497 094
0.99901
496 602
0.99844
495 827
0.99745
494 562
0.99662
492 892
0.99571
490 775
0.99430
487 977
0.99160
483 880
0.98694
477 562
0.97977
467 902
0.96926
453 518
0.95369
432 516
0.92973
402 123
0.89218
358 768
0.83531
299 683
0.60162 c
452 572
7 781 945
7 682 316
7 284 255
6 787 162
6 290 560
5 794 732
5 300 170
4 807 278
4 316 503
3 828 525
3 344 645
2 867 083
2 399 181
1 945 662
1 513 146
1 111 023
752 254
452 572
77.82
77.15
73.23
68.30
63.37
58.50
53.66
48.86
44.08
39.36
34.74
30.26
25.96
21.86
18.01
14.46
11.28
8.51
99 690
0.99596 a
398 289
0.99908 b
497 520
0.99938
497 212
0.99909
496 757
0.99863
496 078
0.99822
495 197
0.99766
494 040
0.99669
492 405
0.99489
489 888
0.99190
485 921
0.98748
479 836
0.98098
470 710
0.97092
457 020
0.95490
436 406
0.92905
405 442
0.88719
359 704
0.64299 c
647 831
8 199 945
8 100 255
7 701 967
7 204 447
6 707 235
6 210 478
5 714 400
5 219 204
4 725 164
4 232 759
3 742 870
3 256 949
2 777 113
2 306 403
1 849 383
1 412 977
1 007 535
647 831
82.00
81.30
77.38
72.43
67.47
62.55
57.64
52.75
47.89
43.07
38.32
33.68
29.16
24.79
20.60
16.66
13.02
9.74
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.00421
0.00028
0.00020
0.00019
0.00043
0.00059
0.00076
0.00096
0.00133
0.00205
0.00322
0.00497
0.00756
0.01150
0.01786
0.02832
0.04497
0.11755
0.00419
0.00112
0.00102
0.00096
0.00216
0.00295
0.00381
0.00478
0.00663
0.01018
0.01597
0.02455
0.03709
0.05589
0.08550
0.13222
0.20211
1.00000
100 000
99 581
99 469
99 368
99 273
99 058
98 767
98 390
97 920
97 271
96 281
94 744
92 417
88 990
84 017
76 833
66 674
53 199
419
112
101
96
214
292
376
470
649
990
1 537
2 326
3 427
4 974
7 184
10 159
13 476
53 199
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.00365
0.00026
0.00012
0.00013
0.00024
0.00031
0.00040
0.00053
0.00079
0.00126
0.00200
0.00305
0.00464
0.00720
0.01136
0.01833
0.03020
0.10266
0.00364
0.00103
0.00059
0.00065
0.00118
0.00155
0.00200
0.00267
0.00395
0.00628
0.00993
0.01515
0.02295
0.03536
0.05521
0.08762
0.14042
1.00000
100 000
99 636
99 534
99 474
99 410
99 293
99 139
98 940
98 676
98 286
97 669
96 700
95 235
93 049
89 759
84 803
77 373
66 508
364
102
59
64
118
154
199
264
390
617
970
1 465
2 186
3 290
4 956
7 430
10 865
66 508
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
121
Mortality
ECUADOR: TABLAS ABREVIADAS DE MORTALIDAD

ECUADOR: ABRIDGED LIFE TABLES
1980-1985
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
94 409
362 865
447 115
443 842
440 676
436 435
431 044
424 450
416 502
406 484
393 770
377 687
356 249
327 559
289 653
239 394
177 256
181 596
0.91455 a
0.97779 b
0.99268
0.99287
0.99038
0.98765
0.98470
0.98128
0.97595
0.96872
0.95916
0.94324
0.91947
0.88428
0.82649
0.74043
0.50605 c
0.00000
6 246 986
6 152 577
5 789 713
5 342 598
4 898 755
4 458 079
4 021 644
3 590 600
3 166 151
2 749 648
2 343 164
1 949 394
1 571 707
1 215 458
887 899
598 246
358 852
181 596
62.47
66.55
64.46
60.01
55.35
50.80
46.33
41.94
37.62
33.36
29.23
25.20
21.32
17.67
14.26
11.16
8.51
6.32
95 318
369 022
455 253
452 377
449 823
446 506
442 448
437 772
432 283
425 283
416 224
404 445
388 086
364 852
330 736
282 247
218 595
253 688
0.92868 a
0.98043 b
0.99368
0.99435
0.99263
0.99091
0.98943
0.98746
0.98381
0.97870
0.97170
0.95955
0.94013
0.90649
0.85339
0.77448
0.53715 c
0.00000
6 664 957
6 569 639
6 200 617
5 745 364
5 292 987
4 843 165
4 396 659
3 954 211
3 516 439
3 084 156
2 658 873
2 242 648
1 838 204
1 450 118
1 085 266
754 530
472 283
253 688
66.65
69.97
67.84
63.35
58.65
54.01
49.44
44.91
40.39
35.92
31.56
27.27
23.11
19.16
15.45
12.16
9.29
6.93
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.08000
0.00725
0.00175
0.00118
0.00168
0.00219
0.00279
0.00338
0.00418
0.00557
0.00717
0.00956
0.01393
0.01988
0.02986
0.04784
0.07561
0.15832
0.07553
0.02847
0.00873
0.00590
0.00838
0.01088
0.01384
0.01678
0.02070
0.02747
0.03520
0.04669
0.06732
0.09470
0.13895
0.21366
0.31795
1.00000
100 000
92 447
89 815
89 031
88 506
87 764
86 810
85 608
84 172
82 429
80 165
77 343
73 732
68 768
62 256
53 605
42 152
28 750
7 553
2 632
784
525
742
955
1 202
1 436
1 743
2 264
2 822
3 611
4 964
6 512
8 650
11 453
13 402
28 750
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.06408
0.00674
0.00155
0.00098
0.00129
0.00168
0.00198
0.00228
0.00278
0.00376
0.00486
0.00665
0.00993
0.01491
0.02482
0.03964
0.06529
0.14420
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
122
0.06108
0.02651
0.00773
0.00489
0.00641
0.00835
0.00983
0.01131
0.01378
0.01864
0.02402
0.03269
0.04846
0.07186
0.11683
0.18032
0.28066
1.00000
100 000
93 892
91 404
90 697
90 254
89 675
88 927
88 053
87 056
85 857
84 257
82 233
79 545
75 690
70 251
62 043
50 856
36 582
6 108
2 489
707
444
578
749
874
996
1 200
1 600
2 024
2 688
3 855
5 439
8 207
11 188
14 273
36 582
Mortalidad
Cuadro 19 (continuacin 1) / Table 19 (Continued 1)

1985-1990
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
95 191
370 445
458 222
455 733
452 961
449 016
443 817
437 460
429 769
420 113
407 936
392 425
371 843
344 745
308 815
260 009
197 985
232 477
0.93127 a
0.98408 b
0.99457
0.99392
0.99129
0.98842
0.98568
0.98242
0.97753
0.97101
0.96198
0.94755
0.92712
0.89578
0.84196
0.76145
0.54006 c
0.00000
6 528 961
6 433 770
6 063 325
5 605 103
5 149 370
4 696 409
4 247 393
3 803 576
3 366 116
2 936 347
2 516 234
2 108 298
1 715 873
1 344 030
999 285
690 470
430 461
232 477
65.29
68.57
65.96
61.34
56.63
52.03
47.54
43.13
38.78
34.50
30.34
26.28
22.36
18.67
15.16
11.98
9.28
7.08
96 069
375 887
465 553
463 493
461 321
458 421
454 867
450 681
445 672
439 255
430 892
419 922
404 577
382 629
350 678
305 857
246 340
335 869
0.94391 a
0.98643 b
0.99557
0.99531
0.99371
0.99225
0.99080
0.98889
0.98560
0.98096
0.97454
0.96346
0.94575
0.91650
0.87219
0.80541
0.57689 c
0.00000
6 987 983
6 891 914
6 516 027
6 050 474
5 586 981
5 125 660
4 667 239
4 212 372
3 761 691
3 316 019
2 876 764
2 445 872
2 025 949
1 621 372
1 238 743
888 066
582 209
335 869
69.88
72.47
69.80
65.15
60.39
55.71
51.08
46.50
41.94
37.43
33.02
28.70
24.49
20.50
16.75
13.39
10.39
7.90
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.06482
0.00516
0.00120
0.00098
0.00146
0.00204
0.00262
0.00315
0.00395
0.00515
0.00663
0.00892
0.01273
0.01771
0.02677
0.04329
0.06846
0.14118
0.06170
0.02037
0.00596
0.00490
0.00728
0.01015
0.01302
0.01565
0.01955
0.02544
0.03262
0.04360
0.06169
0.08480
0.12545
0.19532
0.29227
1.00000
100 000
93 830
91 918
91 370
90 923
90 261
89 345
88 182
86 802
85 105
82 940
80 234
76 736
72 002
65 896
57 630
46 374
32 820
6 170
1 912
548
447
662
917
1 163
1 380
1 697
2 165
2 706
3 498
4 734
6 105
8 266
11 256
13 553
32 820
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.05101
0.00466
0.00101
0.00076
0.00112
0.00140
0.00171
0.00199
0.00248
0.00332
0.00437
0.00596
0.00899
0.01344
0.02178
0.03365
0.05486
0.12657
0.04901
0.01843
0.00505
0.00380
0.00558
0.00699
0.00852
0.00990
0.01234
0.01648
0.02164
0.02936
0.04394
0.06503
0.10326
0.15519
0.24123
1.00000
100 000
95 100
93 346
92 875
92 522
92 006
91 362
90 584
89 688
88 581
87 121
85 236
82 733
79 098
73 954
66 317
56 025
42 510
4 901
1 753
472
353
516
643
778
897
1 107
1 460
1 885
2 503
3 635
5 144
7 636
10 292
13 515
42 510
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
123
Mortality
ECUADOR 19: TABLAS ABREVIADAS DE MORTALIDAD

ECUADOR 19: ABRIDGED LIFE TABLES
1990-1995
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
95 964
376 779
467 365
465 305
462 605
458 358
452 673
445 987
438 171
428 678
416 863
402 022
382 716
357 383
323 792
278 165
219 717
283 412
0.94549 a
0.98862 b
0.99559
0.99420
0.99082
0.98760
0.98523
0.98247
0.97834
0.97244
0.96440
0.95198
0.93381
0.90601
0.85909
0.78988
0.56330 c
0.00000
6 755 957
6 659 994
6 283 214
5 815 849
5 350 544
4 887 938
4 429 580
3 976 907
3 530 920
3 092 749
2 664 071
2 247 207
1 845 186
1 462 470
1 105 087
781 294
503 129
283 412
67.56
70.07
67.07
62.36
57.62
53.03
48.59
44.23
39.90
35.64
31.46
27.39
23.43
19.67
16.10
12.83
9.99
7.55
96 783
381 525
473 876
472 269
470 303
467 669
464 505
460 755
456 199
450 323
442 555
432 290
417 962
397 638
368 660
328 168
273 547
407 937
0.95662 a
0.99073 b
0.99661
0.99584
0.99440
0.99323
0.99193
0.99011
0.98712
0.98275
0.97681
0.96685
0.95137
0.92712
0.89016
0.83356
0.59860 c
0.00000
7 262 965
7 166 182
6 784 657
6 310 781
5 838 512
5 368 209
4 900 540
4 436 035
3 975 281
3 519 082
3 068 759
2 626 204
2 193 913
1 775 951
1 378 313
1 009 653
681 485
407 937
72.63
74.54
71.46
66.71
61.91
57.22
52.55
47.93
43.33
38.79
34.33
29.97
25.72
21.69
17.86
14.36
11.18
8.42
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.05167
0.00360
0.00091
0.00086
0.00147
0.00222
0.00277
0.00318
0.00390
0.00487
0.00632
0.00821
0.01155
0.01598
0.02386
0.03784
0.05850
0.13237
0.04959
0.01427
0.00453
0.00428
0.00733
0.01105
0.01377
0.01579
0.01930
0.02408
0.03113
0.04022
0.05615
0.07683
0.11258
0.17284
0.25519
1.00000
100 000
95 041
93 685
93 261
92 861
92 181
91 162
89 907
88 488
86 780
84 691
82 054
78 754
74 332
68 621
60 896
50 370
37 516
4 959
1 356
425
400
680
1 019
1 255
1 419
1 707
2 090
2 636
3 300
4 422
5 711
7 725
10 525
12 854
37 516
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.03988
0.00313
0.00071
0.00064
0.00103
0.00122
0.00149
0.00175
0.00223
0.00296
0.00401
0.00540
0.00813
0.01190
0.01861
0.02845
0.04574
0.11878
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
124
0.03860
0.01244
0.00356
0.00322
0.00511
0.00609
0.00744
0.00871
0.01108
0.01470
0.01983
0.02662
0.03984
0.05777
0.08890
0.13281
0.20522
1.00000
100 000
96 140
94 944
94 606
94 302
93 819
93 248
92 554
91 748
90 732
89 398
87 625
85 292
81 893
77 162
70 302
60 965
48 454
3 860
1 196
338
304
482
572
694
806
1 016
1 334
1 773
2 333
3 398
4 731
6 860
9 337
12 512
48 454
Mortalidad
ECUADOR 19: TABLAS ABREVIADAS DE MORTALIDAD

ECUADOR 19: ABRIDGED LIFE TABLES
1995-2000
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
96 822
382 891
476 003
474 133
471 254
466 187
459 414
451 905
443 642
434 163
422 598
408 558
390 980
367 712
336 973
296 340
245 153
340 254
0.95943 a
0.99227 b
0.99607
0.99393
0.98925
0.98547
0.98366
0.98171
0.97863
0.97336
0.96678
0.95697
0.94049
0.91641
0.87942
0.82727
0.58123 c
0.00000
6 964 982
6 868 160
6 485 269
6 009 266
5 535 133
5 063 879
4 597 692
4 138 278
3 686 373
3 242 732
2 808 569
2 385 971
1 977 413
1 586 433
1 218 721
881 748
585 408
340 254
69.65
71.35
67.99
63.25
58.49
53.95
49.64
45.40
41.14
36.91
32.73
28.67
24.65
20.82
17.19
13.80
10.71
7.84
97 511
386 576
481 150
479 736
477 847
475 370
472 525
469 191
465 087
459 747
452 523
442 911
429 651
411 312
386 149
350 822
302 129
470 750
0.96817 a
0.99393 b
0.99706
0.99606
0.99482
0.99402
0.99294
0.99125
0.98852
0.98429
0.97876
0.97006
0.95732
0.93882
0.90851
0.86120
0.60909 c
0.00000
7 510 988
7 413 477
7 026 901
6 545 751
6 066 015
5 588 168
5 112 798
4 640 273
4 171 081
3 705 994
3 246 247
2 793 724
2 350 813
1 921 161
1 509 850
1 123 700
772 879
470 750
75.11
76.34
72.92
68.12
63.32
58.62
53.93
49.26
44.62
40.04
35.54
31.16
26.87
22.77
18.83
15.12
11.70
8.59
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.03867
0.00226
0.00079
0.00078
0.00166
0.00267
0.00319
0.00341
0.00398
0.00467
0.00615
0.00738
0.01027
0.01439
0.02078
0.03121
0.04579
0.12761
0.03744
0.00900
0.00396
0.00390
0.00825
0.01327
0.01580
0.01690
0.01970
0.02307
0.03029
0.03624
0.05006
0.06946
0.09878
0.14477
0.20542
1.00000
100 000
96 256
95 389
95 012
94 641
93 860
92 614
91 151
89 611
87 846
85 819
83 220
80 204
76 188
70 896
63 893
54 643
43 418
3 744
867
377
371
781
1 246
1 463
1 540
1 765
2 026
2 600
3 016
4 015
5 292
7 003
9 250
11 225
43 418
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.02959
0.00193
0.00058
0.00060
0.00098
0.00110
0.00130
0.00153
0.00199
0.00264
0.00371
0.00489
0.00730
0.01021
0.01519
0.02356
0.03711
0.11645
0.02886
0.00767
0.00288
0.00299
0.00489
0.00548
0.00649
0.00762
0.00988
0.01310
0.01836
0.02418
0.03584
0.04978
0.07317
0.11125
0.16979
1.00000
100 000
97 114
96 369
96 091
95 803
95 335
94 813
94 197
93 479
92 556
91 343
89 666
87 498
84 362
80 163
74 297
66 032
54 820
2 886
745
278
288
468
523
615
718
923
1 213
1 677
2 168
3 136
4 200
5 865
8 266
11 211
54 820
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
125
Mortality

2000-2005
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
97 493
387 097
481 905
480 203
477 330
471 997
464 867
457 154
448 889
439 660
428 482
415 121
398 706
376 780
347 794
310 098
263 203
383 160
0.96918 a
0.99446 b
0.99647
0.99402
0.98883
0.98489
0.98341
0.98192
0.97944
0.97458
0.96882
0.96046
0.94501
0.92307
0.89161
0.84877
0.59279 c
0.00000
7 129 938
7 032 445
6 645 348
6 163 443
5 683 239
5 205 910
4 733 913
4 269 046
3 811 892
3 363 003
2 923 344
2 494 862
2 079 741
1 681 035
1 304 255
956 461
646 363
383 160
71.30
72.41
68.83
64.06
59.28
54.76
50.50
46.30
42.05
37.83
33.62
29.55
25.48
21.59
17.90
14.43
11.19
8.06
98 164
390 584
486 832
485 582
483 799
481 496
478 935
475 957
472 249
467 383
460 677
451 698
439 400
422 699
400 479
369 171
325 295
529 517
0.97750 a
0.99608 b
0.99743
0.99633
0.99524
0.99468
0.99378
0.99221
0.98970
0.98565
0.98051
0.97277
0.96199
0.94743
0.92182
0.88115
0.61945 c
0.00000
7 719 915
7 621 751
7 231 167
6 744 336
6 258 754
5 774 955
5 293 460
4 814 525
4 338 567
3 866 318
3 398 936
2 938 258
2 486 560
2 047 160
1 624 461
1 223 982
854 812
529 517
77.20
77.84
74.18
69.35
64.54
59.82
55.11
50.41
45.73
41.12
36.58
32.17
27.84
23.69
19.65
15.79
12.19
8.83
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.02954
0.00147
0.00070
0.00071
0.00169
0.00281
0.00328
0.00341
0.00389
0.00442
0.00590
0.00679
0.00940
0.01333
0.01890
0.02743
0.03895
0.12401
0.02880
0.00587
0.00351
0.00355
0.00842
0.01394
0.01629
0.01690
0.01928
0.02187
0.02906
0.03337
0.04593
0.06450
0.09023
0.12835
0.17747
1.00000
100 000
97 120
96 550
96 212
95 870
95 062
93 737
92 210
90 652
88 904
86 960
84 433
81 615
77 867
72 845
66 272
57 767
47 515
2 880
570
339
342
808
1 325
1 527
1 558
1 748
1 944
2 527
2 818
3 748
5 022
6 572
8 506
10 252
47 515
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.02119
0.00112
0.00048
0.00055
0.00092
0.00099
0.00114
0.00135
0.00178
0.00237
0.00342
0.00446
0.00661
0.00894
0.01276
0.02008
0.03117
0.11329
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
126
0.02080
0.00447
0.00237
0.00276
0.00459
0.00493
0.00570
0.00673
0.00886
0.01176
0.01696
0.02207
0.03250
0.04370
0.06184
0.09559
0.14457
1.00000
100 000
97 920
97 482
97 251
96 982
96 537
96 061
95 513
94 870
94 030
92 924
91 347
89 332
86 428
82 651
77 540
70 128
59 990
2 080
438
231
268
445
476
548
643
840
1 106
1 576
2 016
2 903
3 777
5 111
7 412
10 138
59 990
Mortalidad

2005-2010
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
97 905
389 106
484 509
482 896
480 179
475 139
468 389
461 058
453 161
444 283
433 462
420 423
404 262
382 545
353 649
315 825
268 419
396 743
0.97402 a
0.99486 b
0.99667
0.99437
0.98951
0.98579
0.98435
0.98287
0.98041
0.97564
0.96992
0.96156
0.94628
0.92447
0.89305
0.84990
0.59646 c
0.00000
7 211 952
7 114 047
6 724 941
6 240 433
5 757 537
5 277 358
4 802 219
4 333 830
3 872 772
3 419 611
2 975 328
2 541 866
2 121 444
1 717 181
1 334 637
980 987
665 162
396 743
72.12
72.89
69.28
64.51
59.71
55.17
50.87
46.62
42.34
38.08
33.84
29.74
25.65
21.74
18.03
14.55
11.30
8.18
98 409
391 787
488 419
487 253
485 591
483 440
481 043
478 246
474 750
470 149
463 792
455 246
443 498
427 469
406 010
375 608
332 703
558 515
0.98039 a
0.99638 b
0.99761
0.99659
0.99557
0.99504
0.99419
0.99269
0.99031
0.98648
0.98157
0.97419
0.96386
0.94980
0.92512
0.88577
0.62669 c
0.00000
7 801 929
7 703 521
7 311 734
6 823 314
6 336 061
5 850 470
5 367 030
4 885 987
4 407 741
3 932 991
3 462 842
2 999 050
2 543 803
2 100 305
1 672 837
1 266 827
891 219
558 515
78.02
78.45
74.77
69.93
65.10
60.37
55.64
50.92
46.23
41.60
37.03
32.59
28.24
24.06
19.99
16.09
12.46
9.07
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.02451
0.00138
0.00066
0.00067
0.00159
0.00264
0.00309
0.00322
0.00369
0.00422
0.00566
0.00657
0.00915
0.01304
0.01858
0.02710
0.03876
0.12220
0.02400
0.00551
0.00331
0.00335
0.00792
0.01309
0.01533
0.01597
0.01831
0.02090
0.02789
0.03234
0.04474
0.06313
0.08878
0.12690
0.17667
1.00000
100 000
97 600
97 062
96 741
96 417
95 654
94 402
92 954
91 469
89 795
87 918
85 467
82 702
79 003
74 015
67 444
58 886
48 482
2 400
538
321
324
763
1 253
1 448
1 485
1 674
1 877
2 452
2 764
3 700
4 987
6 571
8 559
10 404
48 482
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01829
0.00104
0.00044
0.00051
0.00085
0.00092
0.00107
0.00127
0.00167
0.00223
0.00323
0.00422
0.00626
0.00850
0.01219
0.01920
0.02991
0.11023
0.01800
0.00416
0.00221
0.00256
0.00426
0.00459
0.00533
0.00631
0.00832
0.01107
0.01600
0.02089
0.03082
0.04163
0.05914
0.09161
0.13913
1.00000
100 000
98 200
97 792
97 576
97 326
96 911
96 466
95 952
95 347
94 553
93 506
92 011
90 088
87 311
83 676
78 728
71 516
61 566
1 800
408
216
250
415
445
514
605
793
1 047
1 496
1 923
2 777
3 635
4 949
7 212
9 950
61 566
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
127
Mortality

2010-2015
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
98 249
390 800
486 728
485 212
482 664
477 941
471 603
464 689
457 192
448 702
438 277
425 599
409 733
388 269
359 512
321 601
273 708
410 468
0.97810 a
0.99525 b
0.99689
0.99475
0.99022
0.98674
0.98534
0.98387
0.98143
0.97677
0.97107
0.96272
0.94761
0.92593
0.89455
0.85108
0.59995 c
0.00000
7 290 948
7 192 698
6 801 899
6 315 170
5 829 958
5 347 294
4 869 353
4 397 749
3 933 061
3 475 869
3 027 167
2 588 889
2 163 290
1 753 557
1 365 288
1 005 776
684 175
410 468
72.91
73.39
69.77
64.97
60.17
55.60
51.26
46.96
42.64
38.35
34.07
29.94
25.82
21.89
18.16
14.66
11.40
8.30
98 672
393 060
490 084
488 992
487 435
485 419
483 165
480 526
477 218
472 851
466 800
458 637
447 373
431 938
411 155
381 560
339 528
586 546
0.98346 a
0.99665 b
0.99777
0.99682
0.99586
0.99536
0.99454
0.99312
0.99085
0.98720
0.98251
0.97544
0.96550
0.95188
0.92802
0.88984
0.63337 c
0.00000
7 880 958
7 782 286
7 389 226
6 899 142
6 410 151
5 922 716
5 437 297
4 954 132
4 473 606
3 996 388
3 523 537
3 056 738
2 598 101
2 150 728
1 718 789
1 307 634
926 074
586 546
78.81
79.01
75.31
70.46
65.62
60.88
56.13
51.40
46.69
42.04
37.46
32.99
28.61
24.40
20.31
16.38
12.72
9.31
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.02036
0.00129
0.00062
0.00063
0.00148
0.00246
0.00289
0.00302
0.00349
0.00402
0.00540
0.00635
0.00889
0.01273
0.01825
0.02675
0.03856
0.12051
0.02000
0.00514
0.00310
0.00313
0.00738
0.01221
0.01433
0.01500
0.01728
0.01988
0.02665
0.03126
0.04349
0.06169
0.08726
0.12538
0.17584
1.00000
100 000
98 000
97 497
97 195
96 890
96 175
95 001
93 640
92 235
90 641
88 839
86 471
83 768
80 125
75 183
68 622
60 018
49 465
2 000
503
302
304
715
1 174
1 361
1 405
1 594
1 802
2 368
2 703
3 643
4 943
6 560
8 604
10 553
49 465
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01520
0.00097
0.00041
0.00048
0.00080
0.00086
0.00100
0.00119
0.00157
0.00211
0.00305
0.00401
0.00596
0.00812
0.01169
0.01843
0.02880
0.10744
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
128
0.01500
0.00388
0.00207
0.00239
0.00398
0.00429
0.00499
0.00593
0.00784
0.01047
0.01515
0.01986
0.02935
0.03981
0.05677
0.08810
0.13434
1.00000
100 000
98 500
98 118
97 915
97 681
97 293
96 875
96 391
95 819
95 068
94 072
92 647
90 807
88 142
84 633
79 829
72 795
63 016
1 500
382
203
234
388
418
484
572
752
995
1 425
1 840
2 665
3 509
4 805
7 033
9 780
63 016
Mortalidad

2015-2020
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
98 596
392 479
488 916
487 482
485 078
480 626
474 641
468 083
460 930
452 772
442 687
430 318
414 703
393 451
364 803
326 803
278 465
423 145
0.98215 a
0.99560 b
0.99707
0.99507
0.99082
0.98755
0.98618
0.98472
0.98230
0.97773
0.97206
0.96371
0.94876
0.92719
0.89583
0.85209
0.60311 c
0.00000
7 363 975
7 265 379
6 872 900
6 383 984
5 896 502
5 411 425
4 930 799
4 456 158
3 988 075
3 527 145
3 074 374
2 631 687
2 201 370
1 786 667
1 393 216
1 028 412
701 609
423 145
73.64
73.84
70.18
65.38
60.57
55.97
51.59
47.26
42.91
38.58
34.28
30.11
25.98
22.02
18.27
14.76
11.49
8.40
98 936
394 321
491 724
490 694
489 227
487 325
485 193
482 689
479 540
475 371
469 581
461 744
450 894
435 967
415 761
386 861
345 583
612 526
0.98651 a
0.99689 b
0.99790
0.99701
0.99611
0.99562
0.99484
0.99348
0.99131
0.98782
0.98331
0.97650
0.96689
0.95365
0.93049
0.89330
0.63931 c
0.00000
7 953 937
7 855 001
7 460 680
6 968 956
6 478 263
5 989 036
5 501 710
5 016 518
4 533 829
4 054 289
3 578 918
3 109 337
2 647 593
2 196 699
1 760 732
1 344 971
958 110
612 526
79.54
79.50
75.79
70.93
66.09
61.32
56.56
51.82
47.10
42.43
37.83
33.35
28.95
24.71
20.60
16.64
12.96
9.53
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01623
0.00121
0.00058
0.00059
0.00139
0.00230
0.00271
0.00285
0.00331
0.00384
0.00519
0.00616
0.00867
0.01247
0.01796
0.02646
0.03838
0.11899
0.01600
0.00482
0.00292
0.00295
0.00692
0.01145
0.01347
0.01417
0.01641
0.01901
0.02560
0.03034
0.04242
0.06046
0.08596
0.12408
0.17512
1.00000
100 000
98 400
97 926
97 640
97 353
96 679
95 572
94 284
92 949
91 423
89 685
87 389
84 738
81 143
76 237
69 684
61 037
50 348
1 600
474
286
288
674
1 107
1 287
1 336
1 525
1 738
2 296
2 651
3 595
4 906
6 553
8 647
10 689
50 348
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01213
0.00091
0.00039
0.00045
0.00075
0.00081
0.00094
0.00113
0.00149
0.00200
0.00291
0.00383
0.00570
0.00780
0.01126
0.01778
0.02787
0.10498
0.01200
0.00364
0.00194
0.00225
0.00373
0.00404
0.00471
0.00561
0.00744
0.00996
0.01443
0.01899
0.02809
0.03826
0.05475
0.08513
0.13028
1.00000
100 000
98 800
98 441
98 249
98 028
97 662
97 268
96 809
96 266
95 550
94 599
93 234
91 464
88 894
85 493
80 812
73 933
64 301
1 200
359
191
221
366
395
458
543
716
951
1 365
1 770
2 570
3 401
4 681
6 879
9 632
64 301
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
129
Mortality
EL SALVADOR: TABLAS ABREVIADAS DE MORTALIDAD

EL SALVADOR: ABRIDGED LIFE TABLES
1980-1985
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
94 048
356 467
437 185
434 583
426 069
404 497
378 535
355 949
334 476
313 210
291 697
270 004
247 377
220 614
188 228
148 882
102 770
73 798
0.90103 a
0.97041 b
0.99405
0.98041
0.94937
0.93582
0.94033
0.93967
0.93642
0.93131
0.92563
0.91620
0.89181
0.85320
0.79097
0.69027
0.41796 c
0.00000
5 078 390
4 984 342
4 627 874
4 190 689
3 756 106
3 330 037
2 925 540
2 547 005
2 191 056
1 856 580
1 543 370
1 251 673
981 669
734 292
513 678
325 450
176 567
73 798
50.78
54.34
52.77
48.07
43.34
39.75
37.49
34.71
31.75
28.66
25.51
22.28
18.95
15.58
12.49
9.52
6.96
4.69
94 767
360 774
442 128
439 794
436 979
432 798
428 286
423 561
417 664
409 292
398 541
385 446
368 690
345 004
312 357
267 555
207 753
204 960
0.91108 a
0.97056 b
0.99472
0.99360
0.99043
0.98957
0.98897
0.98608
0.97995
0.97373
0.96714
0.95653
0.93576
0.90537
0.85657
0.77649
0.49662 c
0.00000
6 376 348
6 281 581
5 920 807
5 478 678
5 038 885
4 601 906
4 169 108
3 740 822
3 317 261
2 899 597
2 490 305
2 091 765
1 706 319
1 337 629
992 625
680 268
412 714
204 960
63.76
67.62
66.73
62.17
57.40
52.89
48.41
43.91
39.38
35.00
30.79
26.63
22.56
18.62
15.00
11.57
8.55
5.88
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.08793
0.01129
0.00122
0.00117
0.00680
0.01417
0.01230
0.01230
0.01259
0.01372
0.01477
0.01618
0.01893
0.02730
0.03682
0.05916
0.09378
0.21322
0.08270
0.04389
0.00608
0.00582
0.03345
0.06841
0.05965
0.05969
0.06101
0.06632
0.07122
0.07775
0.09036
0.12779
0.16859
0.25768
0.37984
1.00000
100 000
91 730
87 704
87 170
86 663
83 765
78 034
73 380
69 000
64 790
60 494
56 185
51 817
47 134
41 111
34 180
25 373
15 735
8 270
4 026
534
507
2 899
5 730
4 655
4 380
4 209
4 297
4 309
4 369
4 682
6 023
6 931
8 808
9 638
15 735
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.07492
0.01158
0.00134
0.00077
0.00180
0.00205
0.00215
0.00229
0.00332
0.00479
0.00587
0.00752
0.01031
0.01644
0.02365
0.03937
0.06444
0.17007
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
130
0.07100
0.04497
0.00669
0.00386
0.00895
0.01019
0.01067
0.01140
0.01647
0.02368
0.02892
0.03691
0.05028
0.07895
0.11165
0.17921
0.27749
1.00000
100 000
92 900
88 723
88 129
87 789
87 003
86 117
85 198
84 227
82 839
80 878
78 539
75 640
71 837
66 165
58 778
48 244
34 857
7 100
4 178
594
340
786
886
919
971
1 388
1 962
2 339
2 899
3 803
5 672
7 387
10 534
13 387
34 857
Mortalidad

1985-1990
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
95 296
370 385
457 609
455 234
450 112
438 522
423 530
408 406
392 635
375 854
357 624
337 542
314 655
286 546
251 214
206 400
151 333
127 146
0.93136 a
0.98267 b
0.99481
0.98875
0.97425
0.96581
0.96429
0.96138
0.95726
0.95150
0.94385
0.93220
0.91067
0.87670
0.82161
0.73320
0.45657 c
0.00000
5 900 041
5 804 745
5 434 360
4 976 751
4 521 517
4 071 404
3 632 882
3 209 352
2 800 947
2 408 312
2 032 458
1 674 834
1 337 293
1 022 637
736 092
484 878
278 478
127 146
59.00
61.75
59.22
54.53
49.78
45.63
42.15
38.56
34.95
31.31
27.68
24.06
20.45
16.91
13.59
10.46
7.69
5.23
96 138
374 688
462 835
460 857
458 476
454 940
450 739
445 930
439 978
432 115
422 123
409 552
393 094
370 280
339 011
295 983
237 544
255 750
0.94165 a
0.98303 b
0.99573
0.99483
0.99229
0.99076
0.98933
0.98665
0.98213
0.97688
0.97022
0.95981
0.94196
0.91555
0.87308
0.80256
0.51845 c
0.00000
6 800 033
6 703 895
6 329 206
5 866 372
5 405 515
4 947 039
4 492 099
4 041 360
3 595 430
3 155 452
2 723 338
2 301 215
1 891 662
1 498 568
1 128 288
789 277
493 294
255 750
68.00
70.41
68.20
63.54
58.75
54.14
49.58
45.05
40.55
36.14
31.84
27.62
23.50
19.53
15.81
12.29
9.11
6.26
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.06286
0.00604
0.00110
0.00098
0.00356
0.00692
0.00699
0.00756
0.00820
0.00929
0.01063
0.01254
0.01564
0.02206
0.03109
0.04901
0.07871
0.19120
0.05990
0.02380
0.00547
0.00491
0.01763
0.03402
0.03437
0.03710
0.04019
0.04540
0.05175
0.06080
0.07526
0.10455
0.14424
0.21830
0.32884
1.00000
100 000
94 010
91 773
91 271
90 823
89 222
86 187
83 225
80 137
76 917
73 425
69 625
65 392
60 470
54 148
46 338
36 222
24 311
5 990
2 237
502
448
1 601
3 035
2 962
3 088
3 221
3 492
3 800
4 233
4 922
6 322
7 810
10 115
11 911
24 311
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.04982
0.00643
0.00101
0.00070
0.00137
0.00172
0.00199
0.00230
0.00308
0.00414
0.00523
0.00689
0.00957
0.01449
0.02107
0.03401
0.05602
0.15974
0.04790
0.02530
0.00505
0.00349
0.00685
0.00858
0.00990
0.01144
0.01528
0.02051
0.02579
0.03387
0.04672
0.06990
0.10008
0.15674
0.24571
1.00000
100 000
95 210
92 801
92 333
92 010
91 380
90 596
89 699
88 673
87 318
85 528
83 322
80 499
76 738
71 374
64 231
54 163
40 855
4 790
2 409
469
322
630
784
897
1 027
1 355
1 791
2 206
2 822
3 761
5 364
7 143
10 068
13 308
40 855
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
131
Mortality

1990-1995
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
96 409
379 071
470 092
467 601
464 200
458 203
449 383
438 289
425 432
410 768
393 802
373 690
349 241
318 669
279 663
229 611
167 811
159 074
0.95096 a
0.98867 b
0.99470
0.99273
0.98708
0.98075
0.97531
0.97066
0.96553
0.95870
0.94893
0.93457
0.91246
0.87760
0.82103
0.73085
0.48664 c
0.00000
6 331 009
6 234 600
5 855 529
5 385 438
4 917 837
4 453 636
3 995 433
3 546 050
3 107 761
2 682 329
2 271 561
1 877 759
1 504 069
1 154 828
836 158
556 496
326 885
159 074
63.31
65.21
62.10
57.44
52.72
48.21
43.96
39.91
35.95
32.04
28.19
24.41
20.73
17.20
13.86
10.80
8.11
5.93
96 947
383 287
476 594
474 855
472 767
469 671
465 541
460 381
454 043
446 266
436 511
423 832
406 884
383 939
352 844
310 316
252 278
338 004
0.96047 a
0.99242 b
0.99635
0.99560
0.99345
0.99121
0.98892
0.98623
0.98287
0.97814
0.97095
0.96001
0.94361
0.91901
0.87947
0.81297
0.57261 c
0.00000
7 104 961
7 008 014
6 624 727
6 148 133
5 673 278
5 200 511
4 730 840
4 265 298
3 804 917
3 350 874
2 904 608
2 468 097
2 044 265
1 637 381
1 253 442
900 598
590 282
338 004
71.05
72.72
69.37
64.63
59.84
55.15
50.56
46.04
41.58
37.19
32.86
28.63
24.53
20.61
16.90
13.44
10.33
7.72
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.04554
0.00349
0.00114
0.00098
0.00194
0.00327
0.00452
0.00549
0.00643
0.00762
0.00929
0.01174
0.01544
0.02146
0.03134
0.04902
0.08024
0.16866
0.04390
0.01384
0.00570
0.00489
0.00966
0.01621
0.02234
0.02709
0.03164
0.03738
0.04538
0.05704
0.07432
0.10182
0.14533
0.21834
0.33416
1.00000
100 000
95 610
94 287
93 749
93 291
92 389
90 892
88 861
86 454
83 719
80 589
76 932
72 544
67 152
60 315
51 550
40 294
26 830
4 390
1 323
538
459
902
1 497
2 030
2 407
2 736
3 130
3 657
4 388
5 392
6 837
8 765
11 255
13 465
26 830
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.03744
0.00226
0.00078
0.00068
0.00108
0.00155
0.00199
0.00247
0.00307
0.00384
0.00501
0.00681
0.00957
0.01376
0.02028
0.03176
0.05295
0.12951
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
132
0.03630
0.00898
0.00390
0.00340
0.00540
0.00771
0.00989
0.01230
0.01525
0.01903
0.02474
0.03346
0.04674
0.06651
0.09650
0.14713
0.23381
1.00000
100 000
96 370
95 505
95 133
94 809
94 298
93 571
92 646
91 507
90 111
88 396
86 209
83 324
79 429
74 146
66 991
57 135
43 776
3 630
865
372
323
512
727
925
1 139
1 396
1 715
2 187
2 884
3 895
5 283
7 155
9 856
13 359
43 776
Mortalidad

1995-2000
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
97 094
383 445
476 235
474 228
471 490
466 665
459 539
450 492
439 861
427 516
412 926
395 211
373 120
344 776
307 699
258 941
196 971
213 734
0.96108 a
0.99104 b
0.99579
0.99423
0.98977
0.98473
0.98031
0.97640
0.97194
0.96587
0.95710
0.94410
0.92404
0.89246
0.84154
0.76068
0.52041 c
0.00000
6 649 943
6 552 850
6 169 404
5 693 169
5 218 941
4 747 451
4 280 786
3 821 246
3 370 754
2 930 894
2 503 378
2 090 452
1 695 241
1 322 121
977 345
669 646
410 705
213 734
66.50
67.90
64.63
59.91
55.13
50.54
46.16
41.95
37.83
33.75
29.74
25.81
21.99
18.32
14.86
11.68
8.88
6.57
97 546
386 386
480 621
479 003
477 060
474 177
470 326
465 503
459 565
452 253
443 047
431 034
414 906
392 965
363 049
321 825
264 996
375 672
0.96786 a
0.99316 b
0.99663
0.99594
0.99396
0.99188
0.98975
0.98724
0.98409
0.97964
0.97289
0.96258
0.94712
0.92387
0.88645
0.82342
0.58638 c
0.00000
7 249 933
7 152 386
6 766 001
6 285 380
5 806 377
5 329 317
4 855 140
4 384 815
3 919 312
3 459 747
3 007 494
2 564 447
2 133 413
1 718 507
1 325 542
962 493
640 668
375 672
72.50
73.66
70.26
65.51
60.70
56.00
51.38
46.83
42.34
37.91
33.55
29.28
25.15
21.18
17.43
13.92
10.75
8.09
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.03594
0.00273
0.00091
0.00078
0.00154
0.00258
0.00358
0.00438
0.00518
0.00622
0.00770
0.00989
0.01321
0.01859
0.02737
0.04279
0.06959
0.15225
0.03490
0.01084
0.00453
0.00389
0.00766
0.01283
0.01774
0.02167
0.02557
0.03062
0.03775
0.04825
0.06393
0.08882
0.12809
0.19329
0.29638
1.00000
a
b
c
3 490
1 047
433
370
725
1 205
1 645
1 974
2 279
2 659
3 177
3 908
4 929
6 409
8 422
11 081
13 707
32 541
MUJERES / FEMALES
100 000
96 510
95 463
95 031
94 661
93 935
92 730
91 085
89 112
86 833
84 174
80 996
77 088
72 160
65 751
57 329
46 248
32 541
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.02973
0.00208
0.00072
0.00063
0.00100
0.00143
0.00184
0.00229
0.00285
0.00357
0.00467
0.00635
0.00895
0.01288
0.01901
0.02979
0.04960
0.12358
0.02900
0.00827
0.00360
0.00313
0.00498
0.00711
0.00914
0.01138
0.01415
0.01770
0.02306
0.03126
0.04377
0.06241
0.09076
0.13862
0.22066
1.00000
100 000
97 100
96 297
95 951
95 650
95 174
94 497
93 633
92 568
91 258
89 643
87 576
84 838
81 125
76 062
69 158
59 572
46 427
2 900
803
346
301
476
677
863
1 066
1 310
1 615
2 067
2 738
3 713
5 063
6 903
9 587
13 145
46 427
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
133
Mortality

2000-2005
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
97 603
386 155
479 782
477 892
475 314
470 773
464 059
455 511
445 422
433 644
419 632
402 499
380 971
353 148
316 502
267 998
205 893
233 161
0.96752 a
0.99178 b
0.99606
0.99461
0.99045
0.98574
0.98158
0.97785
0.97356
0.96769
0.95917
0.94651
0.92697
0.89623
0.84675
0.76826
0.53105 c
0.00000
6 765 961
6 668 358
6 282 203
5 802 421
5 324 529
4 849 215
4 378 442
3 914 383
3 458 872
3 013 450
2 579 806
2 160 173
1 757 674
1 376 703
1 023 554
707 052
439 054
233 161
67.66
68.65
65.33
60.60
55.81
51.19
46.78
42.53
38.36
34.24
30.19
26.22
22.36
18.66
15.17
11.96
9.13
6.80
97 951
388 514
483 438
481 938
480 137
477 461
473 883
469 392
463 847
456 995
448 334
436 987
421 687
400 771
372 083
332 262
276 840
411 425
0.97293 a
0.99378 b
0.99690
0.99626
0.99443
0.99251
0.99052
0.98819
0.98523
0.98105
0.97469
0.96499
0.95040
0.92842
0.89298
0.83320
0.59777 c
0.00000
7 373 944
7 275 994
6 887 480
6 404 042
5 922 105
5 441 968
4 964 507
4 490 624
4 021 232
3 557 385
3 100 390
2 652 056
2 215 069
1 793 382
1 392 610
1 020 528
688 266
411 425
73.74
74.56
71.12
66.34
61.53
56.80
52.16
47.58
43.06
38.60
34.21
29.90
25.73
21.72
17.91
14.35
11.14
8.41
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.02930
0.00254
0.00085
0.00073
0.00144
0.00241
0.00334
0.00410
0.00487
0.00587
0.00729
0.00942
0.01265
0.01787
0.02638
0.04125
0.06697
0.14704
0.02860
0.01009
0.00424
0.00364
0.00715
0.01197
0.01658
0.02029
0.02404
0.02891
0.03582
0.04603
0.06130
0.08552
0.12372
0.18695
0.28682
1.00000
100 000
97 140
96 160
95 753
95 404
94 722
93 588
92 036
90 168
88 001
85 457
82 396
78 604
73 785
67 474
59 126
48 073
34 285
2 860
980
407
349
682
1 134
1 552
1 868
2 167
2 544
3 061
3 792
4 819
6 310
8 348
11 054
13 788
34 285
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.02460
0.00191
0.00066
0.00058
0.00092
0.00132
0.00169
0.00212
0.00264
0.00332
0.00435
0.00593
0.00837
0.01207
0.01784
0.02796
0.04652
0.11893
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
134
0.02410
0.00760
0.00332
0.00289
0.00459
0.00656
0.00844
0.01053
0.01312
0.01645
0.02149
0.02921
0.04099
0.05858
0.08539
0.13067
0.20837
1.00000
100 000
97 590
96 848
96 527
96 248
95 806
95 178
94 375
93 382
92 157
90 641
88 693
86 102
82 573
77 736
71 097
61 807
48 929
2 410
742
321
279
442
628
803
993
1 225
1 516
1 948
2 591
3 529
4 837
6 638
9 290
12 879
48 929
Mortalidad

2005-2010
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
98 044
388 501
482 881
481 109
478 693
474 439
468 142
460 100
450 565
439 368
425 954
409 428
388 498
361 244
325 094
276 934
214 823
253 151
0.97309 a
0.99247 b
0.99633
0.99498
0.99111
0.98673
0.98282
0.97928
0.97515
0.96947
0.96120
0.94888
0.92985
0.89993
0.85186
0.77572
0.54095 c
0.00000
6 876 968
6 778 924
6 390 423
5 907 541
5 426 432
4 947 739
4 473 300
4 005 158
3 545 059
3 094 493
2 655 126
2 229 171
1 819 744
1 431 245
1 070 002
744 908
467 974
253 151
68.77
69.40
66.04
61.29
56.49
51.85
47.41
43.11
38.90
34.74
30.64
26.63
22.73
18.99
15.47
12.23
9.38
7.02
98 308
390 392
485 937
484 550
482 884
480 407
477 090
472 916
467 748
461 339
453 205
442 503
428 010
408 099
380 630
342 232
288 298
447 408
0.97740 a
0.99435 b
0.99715
0.99656
0.99487
0.99309
0.99125
0.98907
0.98630
0.98237
0.97638
0.96725
0.95348
0.93269
0.89912
0.84241
0.60813 c
0.00000
7 491 956
7 393 648
7 003 256
6 517 319
6 032 769
5 549 886
5 069 478
4 592 389
4 119 472
3 651 724
3 190 384
2 737 179
2 294 676
1 866 666
1 458 567
1 077 937
735 706
447 408
74.92
75.43
71.95
67.16
62.33
57.59
52.92
48.32
43.77
39.28
34.85
30.51
26.29
22.24
18.39
14.78
11.50
8.71
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.02366
0.00235
0.00079
0.00068
0.00134
0.00224
0.00311
0.00383
0.00456
0.00552
0.00690
0.00897
0.01210
0.01717
0.02541
0.03974
0.06442
0.14238
0.02320
0.00934
0.00395
0.00339
0.00666
0.01113
0.01544
0.01895
0.02253
0.02723
0.03392
0.04385
0.05872
0.08230
0.11944
0.18073
0.27744
1.00000
100 000
97 680
96 767
96 385
96 058
95 419
94 357
92 900
91 140
89 086
86 661
83 721
80 050
75 349
69 148
60 889
49 885
36 045
2 320
913
382
327
639
1 062
1 457
1 760
2 053
2 426
2 940
3 671
4 701
6 201
8 259
11 005
13 840
36 045
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.02014
0.00175
0.00061
0.00053
0.00085
0.00121
0.00156
0.00195
0.00244
0.00308
0.00404
0.00553
0.00783
0.01131
0.01674
0.02626
0.04366
0.11481
0.01980
0.00698
0.00305
0.00266
0.00422
0.00604
0.00778
0.00972
0.01214
0.01528
0.02002
0.02728
0.03838
0.05499
0.08035
0.12320
0.19682
1.00000
100 000
98 020
97 336
97 039
96 781
96 372
95 790
95 045
94 121
92 978
91 558
89 725
87 277
83 927
79 312
72 939
63 953
51 366
1 980
684
297
258
409
582
745
924
1 143
1 421
1 833
2 448
3 349
4 615
6 373
8 986
12 587
51 366
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
135
Mortality

2010-2015
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
98 414
390 482
485 528
483 872
481 618
477 650
471 768
464 233
455 255
444 644
431 839
415 936
395 630
368 981
333 382
285 652
223 657
273 433
0.97779 a
0.99311 b
0.99659
0.99534
0.99176
0.98769
0.98403
0.98066
0.97669
0.97120
0.96317
0.95118
0.93264
0.90352
0.85683
0.78297
0.55007 c
0.00000
6 981 975
6 883 561
6 493 079
6 007 552
5 523 679
5 042 061
4 564 411
4 092 643
3 628 410
3 173 155
2 728 510
2 296 671
1 880 735
1 485 105
1 116 124
782 742
497 090
273 433
69.82
70.15
66.74
61.98
57.17
52.51
48.03
43.69
39.43
35.23
31.08
27.03
23.10
19.33
15.77
12.50
9.62
7.23
98 601
391 942
488 025
486 747
485 212
482 929
479 865
476 001
471 201
465 225
457 607
447 540
433 845
414 937
388 697
351 761
299 416
483 415
0.98109 a
0.99487 b
0.99738
0.99685
0.99529
0.99365
0.99195
0.98992
0.98732
0.98363
0.97800
0.96940
0.95642
0.93676
0.90497
0.85119
0.61752 c
0.00000
7 602 966
7 504 365
7 112 422
6 624 397
6 137 649
5 652 437
5 169 508
4 689 643
4 213 643
3 742 442
3 277 217
2 819 610
2 372 071
1 938 226
1 523 289
1 134 592
782 831
483 415
76.03
76.29
72.77
67.96
63.12
58.36
53.67
49.04
44.46
39.94
35.47
31.10
26.85
22.75
18.85
15.19
11.86
8.99
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01900
0.00217
0.00073
0.00063
0.00124
0.00207
0.00289
0.00356
0.00426
0.00519
0.00652
0.00852
0.01157
0.01648
0.02447
0.03828
0.06198
0.13824
0.01870
0.00862
0.00367
0.00315
0.00617
0.01032
0.01433
0.01764
0.02107
0.02560
0.03209
0.04173
0.05622
0.07916
0.11528
0.17469
0.26833
1.00000
100 000
98 130
97 284
96 927
96 622
96 025
95 035
93 673
92 020
90 082
87 776
84 960
81 415
76 837
70 755
62 598
51 663
37 800
1 870
846
357
305
596
991
1 362
1 652
1 939
2 306
2 816
3 545
4 577
6 083
8 157
10 935
13 862
37 800
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01653
0.00160
0.00056
0.00049
0.00078
0.00111
0.00144
0.00180
0.00226
0.00285
0.00376
0.00515
0.00731
0.01058
0.01570
0.02465
0.04097
0.11119
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
136
0.01630
0.00638
0.00280
0.00244
0.00387
0.00554
0.00715
0.00896
0.01122
0.01416
0.01862
0.02545
0.03589
0.05156
0.07555
0.11609
0.18583
1.00000
100 000
98 370
97 742
97 468
97 231
96 854
96 317
95 629
94 772
93 708
92 381
90 661
88 354
85 183
80 791
74 687
66 017
53 749
1 630
628
274
238
376
537
689
857
1 063
1 327
1 720
2 307
3 171
4 392
6 104
8 670
12 268
53 749
Mortalidad

2015-2020
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
98 695
392 024
487 637
486 103
484 015
480 344
474 894
467 887
459 491
449 497
437 337
422 101
402 473
376 498
341 539
294 353
232 626
294 386
0.98144 a
0.99372 b
0.99685
0.99571
0.99241
0.98865
0.98524
0.98206
0.97825
0.97295
0.96516
0.95350
0.93546
0.90715
0.86184
0.79030
0.55859 c
0.00000
7 081 903
6 983 208
6 591 184
6 103 547
5 617 444
5 133 429
4 653 085
4 178 190
3 710 304
3 250 812
2 801 315
2 363 978
1 941 877
1 539 404
1 162 906
821 366
527 013
294 386
70.82
70.92
67.47
62.69
57.86
53.18
48.67
44.29
39.98
35.73
31.54
27.45
23.48
19.67
16.08
12.78
9.86
7.43
98 845
393 244
489 800
488 627
487 217
485 120
482 299
478 733
474 288
468 731
461 614
452 165
439 251
421 330
396 312
360 852
310 163
519 321
0.98418 a
0.99535 b
0.99760
0.99712
0.99569
0.99419
0.99261
0.99071
0.98828
0.98482
0.97953
0.97144
0.95920
0.94062
0.91053
0.85953
0.62608 c
0.00000
7 707 911
7 609 066
7 215 822
6 726 023
6 237 396
5 750 179
5 265 059
4 782 760
4 304 027
3 829 739
3 361 008
2 899 394
2 447 229
2 007 978
1 586 648
1 190 336
829 484
519 321
77.08
77.12
73.57
68.75
63.90
59.12
54.40
49.75
45.14
40.58
36.09
31.68
27.39
23.25
19.31
15.59
12.20
9.26
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01550
0.00198
0.00068
0.00058
0.00114
0.00191
0.00266
0.00329
0.00396
0.00485
0.00614
0.00808
0.01104
0.01580
0.02353
0.03682
0.05954
0.13452
0.01530
0.00790
0.00338
0.00291
0.00568
0.00950
0.01321
0.01632
0.01959
0.02395
0.03023
0.03959
0.05369
0.07600
0.11109
0.16860
0.25914
1.00000
100 000
98 470
97 693
97 362
97 079
96 527
95 610
94 347
92 807
90 989
88 810
86 125
82 715
78 274
72 325
64 290
53 451
39 600
1 530
777
330
283
552
917
1 263
1 540
1 818
2 179
2 685
3 410
4 441
5 949
8 035
10 840
13 851
39 600
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01356
0.00146
0.00051
0.00045
0.00071
0.00102
0.00132
0.00165
0.00208
0.00264
0.00349
0.00480
0.00682
0.00990
0.01472
0.02314
0.03845
0.10797
0.01340
0.00582
0.00256
0.00223
0.00354
0.00507
0.00656
0.00823
0.01034
0.01310
0.01729
0.02371
0.03353
0.04831
0.07101
0.10935
0.17541
1.00000
100 000
98 660
98 086
97 834
97 616
97 271
96 777
96 142
95 351
94 364
93 128
91 518
89 348
86 352
82 180
76 345
67 996
56 069
1 340
574
251
218
346
493
635
792
986
1 237
1 610
2 170
2 996
4 172
5 835
8 348
11 927
56 069
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
137
Mortality
GUATEMALA: TABLAS ABREVIADAS DE MORTALIDAD

GUATEMALA: ABRIDGED LIFE TABLES
1980-1985
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
94 055
356 360
436 479
431 598
426 738
418 497
406 989
393 691
378 770
362 332
344 168
323 101
297 463
265 810
227 349
181 140
128 174
138 300
0.90083 a
0.96906 b
0.98882
0.98874
0.98069
0.97250
0.96733
0.96210
0.95660
0.94987
0.93879
0.92065
0.89359
0.85531
0.79675
0.70759
0.51900 c
0.00000
5 611 014
5 516 959
5 160 599
4 724 120
4 292 522
3 865 784
3 447 287
3 040 298
2 646 606
2 267 837
1 905 504
1 561 336
1 238 235
940 773
674 963
447 613
266 473
138 300
56.11
60.20
58.69
54.51
49.93
45.63
41.70
37.95
34.21
30.58
26.92
23.34
19.86
16.61
13.58
10.85
8.54
6.89
94 665
359 322
439 471
434 663
430 698
425 355
418 862
411 082
401 796
390 775
377 887
362 378
342 042
314 271
274 914
221 958
160 684
196 082
0.90797 a
0.96803 b
0.98906
0.99088
0.98760
0.98474
0.98143
0.97741
0.97257
0.96702
0.95896
0.94388
0.91881
0.87477
0.80737
0.72394
0.54961 c
0.00000
6 056 905
5 962 240
5 602 918
5 163 447
4 728 784
4 298 086
3 872 730
3 453 868
3 042 786
2 640 990
2 250 216
1 872 329
1 509 951
1 167 909
853 638
578 724
356 766
196 082
60.57
64.45
63.28
59.18
54.60
50.17
45.84
41.58
37.40
33.28
29.24
25.23
21.34
17.68
14.31
11.50
9.28
7.60
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.08888
0.01042
0.00289
0.00161
0.00293
0.00489
0.00628
0.00701
0.00847
0.00929
0.01133
0.01402
0.01925
0.02609
0.03717
0.05539
0.08701
0.14504
0.08360
0.04053
0.01432
0.00800
0.01455
0.02414
0.03094
0.03446
0.04146
0.04541
0.05507
0.06771
0.09184
0.12245
0.17003
0.24328
0.35733
1.00000
100 000
91 640
87 925
86 666
85 973
84 722
82 677
80 119
77 358
74 150
70 783
66 885
62 356
56 629
49 695
41 245
31 211
20 058
8 360
3 715
1 259
693
1 251
2 045
2 558
2 761
3 207
3 368
3 898
4 529
5 727
6 934
8 450
10 034
11 153
20 058
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.07906
0.01107
0.00293
0.00146
0.00221
0.00279
0.00337
0.00414
0.00501
0.00613
0.00730
0.00950
0.01371
0.02042
0.03392
0.05342
0.07874
0.13163
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
138
0.07484
0.04299
0.01455
0.00728
0.01098
0.01384
0.01671
0.02048
0.02475
0.03018
0.03586
0.04641
0.06630
0.09715
0.15634
0.23563
0.32896
1.00000
100 000
92 516
88 538
87 250
86 615
85 664
84 478
83 067
81 366
79 353
76 957
74 197
70 754
66 063
59 645
50 320
38 463
25 810
7 484
3 978
1 288
635
951
1 186
1 411
1 701
2 013
2 395
2 760
3 444
4 691
6 418
9 325
11 857
12 653
25 810
Mortalidad

1985-1990
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
94 643
363 991
447 859
443 969
439 694
432 021
420 947
407 958
393 200
376 935
359 038
338 183
312 528
280 619
241 575
194 241
139 344
144 312
0.91727 a
0.97651 b
0.99131
0.99037
0.98255
0.97437
0.96914
0.96383
0.95863
0.95252
0.94191
0.92414
0.89790
0.86086
0.80406
0.71737
0.50876 c
0.00000
5 831 055
5 736 413
5 372 422
4 924 563
4 480 595
4 040 901
3 608 880
3 187 933
2 779 975
2 386 775
2 009 840
1 650 802
1 312 619
1 000 091
719 472
477 897
283 656
144 312
58.31
61.79
59.66
55.28
50.63
46.25
42.24
38.43
34.65
30.98
27.26
23.62
20.08
16.77
13.67
10.86
8.42
6.55
95 289
367 229
451 543
447 853
444 592
440 047
434 358
427 378
418 924
408 738
396 598
381 778
362 328
335 731
298 024
246 817
185 799
224 986
0.92504 a
0.97627 b
0.99183
0.99272
0.98978
0.98707
0.98393
0.98022
0.97568
0.97030
0.96263
0.94905
0.92659
0.88769
0.82818
0.75278
0.54770 c
0.00000
6 368 011
6 272 722
5 905 493
5 453 950
5 006 097
4 561 506
4 121 459
3 687 101
3 259 723
2 840 799
2 432 061
2 035 463
1 653 684
1 291 356
955 625
657 601
410 784
224 986
63.68
66.89
65.05
60.72
56.05
51.53
47.10
42.75
38.48
34.28
30.16
26.09
22.14
18.39
14.92
11.92
9.43
7.32
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.07565
0.00765
0.00216
0.00133
0.00255
0.00451
0.00589
0.00666
0.00811
0.00880
0.01069
0.01331
0.01843
0.02496
0.03566
0.05313
0.08353
0.15279
0.07160
0.03000
0.01072
0.00663
0.01265
0.02232
0.02903
0.03274
0.03972
0.04308
0.05208
0.06442
0.08809
0.11747
0.16369
0.23450
0.34550
1.00000
100 000
92 840
90 055
89 089
88 498
87 379
85 429
82 949
80 234
77 046
73 728
69 888
65 386
59 626
52 622
44 008
33 688
22 049
7 160
2 785
966
591
1 119
1 950
2 480
2 716
3 187
3 319
3 840
4 502
5 760
7 004
8 614
10 320
11 639
22 049
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.06538
0.00811
0.00213
0.00114
0.00178
0.00233
0.00288
0.00361
0.00439
0.00547
0.00661
0.00866
0.01235
0.01836
0.02992
0.04686
0.06912
0.13663
0.06230
0.03177
0.01062
0.00570
0.00887
0.01158
0.01429
0.01787
0.02172
0.02697
0.03251
0.04238
0.05989
0.08779
0.13920
0.20972
0.29467
1.00000
100 000
93 770
90 791
89 827
89 315
88 522
87 497
86 246
84 705
82 865
80 630
78 009
74 703
70 229
64 064
55 146
43 581
30 739
6 230
2 979
964
512
792
1 025
1 250
1 541
1 840
2 235
2 622
3 306
4 474
6 165
8 918
11 565
12 842
30 739
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
139
Mortality

1990-1995
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
95 319
371 386
459 145
456 249
452 568
445 474
434 849
422 186
407 610
391 539
373 941
353 337
327 711
295 601
256 042
207 665
150 918
149 478
0.93341 a
0.98380 b
0.99369
0.99193
0.98433
0.97615
0.97088
0.96548
0.96057
0.95505
0.94490
0.92747
0.90202
0.86617
0.81106
0.72674
0.49760 c
0.00000
6 051 019
5 955 699
5 584 313
5 125 168
4 668 919
4 216 351
3 770 876
3 336 028
2 913 842
2 506 232
2 114 693
1 740 752
1 387 415
1 059 704
764 103
508 060
300 395
149 478
60.51
63.33
60.59
56.02
51.30
46.84
42.77
38.89
35.06
31.35
27.58
23.88
20.27
16.91
13.75
10.85
8.29
6.20
96 023
374 878
463 349
460 751
458 183
454 427
449 536
443 358
435 744
426 408
415 040
400 947
382 446
357 138
321 320
272 338
212 336
253 820
0.94180 a
0.98396 b
0.99439
0.99443
0.99180
0.98924
0.98626
0.98283
0.97857
0.97334
0.96604
0.95386
0.93383
0.89971
0.84756
0.77968
0.54450 c
0.00000
6 678 042
6 582 019
6 207 140
5 743 791
5 283 040
4 824 858
4 370 431
3 920 895
3 477 537
3 041 793
2 615 385
2 200 346
1 799 399
1 416 953
1 059 815
738 495
466 156
253 820
66.78
69.27
66.75
62.20
57.45
52.84
48.32
43.88
39.53
35.24
31.04
26.91
22.89
19.05
15.47
12.30
9.53
7.04
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.06253
0.00505
0.00146
0.00107
0.00218
0.00416
0.00552
0.00632
0.00776
0.00834
0.01009
0.01264
0.01765
0.02389
0.03422
0.05099
0.08025
0.16142
0.05960
0.01994
0.00729
0.00532
0.01083
0.02057
0.02720
0.03109
0.03807
0.04084
0.04923
0.06128
0.08451
0.11270
0.15763
0.22611
0.33419
1.00000
100 000
94 040
92 165
91 493
91 006
90 021
88 169
85 770
83 104
79 940
76 675
72 901
68 434
62 651
55 590
46 827
36 239
24 128
5 960
1 875
671
487
986
1 852
2 398
2 667
3 163
3 265
3 774
4 467
5 783
7 061
8 763
10 588
12 111
24 128
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.05182
0.00542
0.00140
0.00085
0.00139
0.00191
0.00242
0.00312
0.00382
0.00485
0.00597
0.00788
0.01109
0.01647
0.02628
0.04094
0.06053
0.14199
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
140
0.04976
0.02136
0.00697
0.00424
0.00692
0.00949
0.01205
0.01546
0.01892
0.02398
0.02941
0.03864
0.05394
0.07910
0.12330
0.18568
0.26287
1.00000
100 000
95 024
92 994
92 346
91 955
91 318
90 452
89 362
87 981
86 317
84 247
81 769
78 609
74 369
68 486
60 042
48 894
36 041
4 976
2 030
648
391
636
866
1 090
1 381
1 664
2 070
2 477
3 160
4 240
5 883
8 444
11 148
12 853
36 041
Mortalidad

1995-2000
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
95 887
376 381
466 684
464 311
460 523
452 876
441 496
427 975
413 268
397 852
381 234
362 520
340 240
312 906
278 767
235 074
181 482
197 515
0.94454 a
0.98817 b
0.99492
0.99184
0.98339
0.97487
0.96938
0.96564
0.96270
0.95823
0.95091
0.93854
0.91966
0.89089
0.84327
0.77202
0.52115 c
0.00000
6 286 993
6 191 106
5 814 725
5 348 041
4 883 730
4 423 207
3 970 331
3 528 835
3 100 860
2 687 592
2 289 740
1 908 505
1 545 985
1 205 744
892 838
614 072
378 997
197 515
62.87
65.21
62.13
57.46
52.72
48.31
44.32
40.55
36.84
33.13
29.35
25.62
21.92
18.39
14.98
11.83
9.00
6.48
96 671
380 639
472 307
470 396
468 148
464 795
460 549
455 233
448 660
440 486
430 321
417 666
401 256
378 833
347 284
303 553
246 578
314 611
0.95462 a
0.98952 b
0.99595
0.99522
0.99284
0.99086
0.98846
0.98556
0.98178
0.97692
0.97059
0.96071
0.94412
0.91672
0.87408
0.81231
0.56062 c
0.00000
6 997 985
6 901 314
6 520 675
6 048 368
5 577 973
5 109 825
4 645 030
4 184 481
3 729 248
3 280 588
2 840 101
2 409 781
1 992 115
1 590 859
1 212 025
864 741
561 189
314 611
69.98
71.90
68.87
64.18
59.39
54.74
50.17
45.66
41.23
36.86
32.58
28.37
24.26
20.30
16.57
13.15
10.08
7.32
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.05283
0.00357
0.00109
0.00095
0.00234
0.00438
0.00582
0.00663
0.00737
0.00785
0.00925
0.01093
0.01455
0.01912
0.02753
0.04170
0.06410
0.15432
0.05066
0.01414
0.00545
0.00471
0.01162
0.02165
0.02868
0.03262
0.03616
0.03848
0.04519
0.05317
0.07021
0.09123
0.12877
0.18883
0.27624
1.00000
100 000
94 934
93 592
93 082
92 643
91 567
89 584
87 014
84 176
81 131
78 009
74 484
70 524
65 572
59 590
51 917
42 113
30 480
5 066
1 342
510
439
1 076
1 983
2 570
2 839
3 044
3 122
3 525
3 961
4 951
5 982
7 674
9 803
11 633
30 480
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.04151
0.00342
0.00095
0.00068
0.00124
0.00164
0.00204
0.00261
0.00321
0.00415
0.00520
0.00676
0.00932
0.01380
0.02128
0.03328
0.05146
0.13658
0.04013
0.01357
0.00472
0.00338
0.00619
0.00814
0.01014
0.01296
0.01594
0.02053
0.02568
0.03323
0.04555
0.06670
0.10105
0.15360
0.22798
1.00000
100 000
95 987
94 685
94 238
93 920
93 339
92 579
91 641
90 453
89 011
87 183
84 945
82 122
78 381
73 153
65 761
55 660
42 971
4 013
1 302
447
318
581
760
938
1 188
1 442
1 828
2 239
2 823
3 741
5 228
7 392
10 101
12 689
42 971
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
141
Mortality

2000-2005
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
96 351
379 811
471 695
469 680
466 097
458 780
447 982
435 151
421 592
407 706
392 708
376 080
356 735
333 178
303 190
263 228
212 361
257 622
0.95233 a
0.99062 b
0.99573
0.99237
0.98430
0.97646
0.97136
0.96884
0.96706
0.96321
0.95766
0.94856
0.93396
0.90999
0.86820
0.80675
0.54815 c
0.00000
6 549 946
6 453 595
6 073 784
5 602 089
5 132 409
4 666 313
4 207 533
3 759 551
3 324 400
2 902 809
2 495 103
2 102 395
1 726 314
1 369 579
1 036 401
733 211
469 983
257 622
65.50
67.51
64.24
59.51
54.75
50.34
46.33
42.54
38.80
34.99
31.14
27.32
23.49
19.79
16.18
12.81
9.78
6.99
97 210
384 436
477 928
476 360
474 316
471 263
467 513
462 887
457 167
449 989
440 935
429 635
415 077
395 149
367 165
327 892
274 173
380 836
0.96329 a
0.99228 b
0.99672
0.99571
0.99356
0.99204
0.99010
0.98764
0.98430
0.97988
0.97437
0.96612
0.95199
0.92918
0.89304
0.83617
0.58142 c
0.00000
7 249 930
7 152 720
6 768 284
6 290 356
5 813 996
5 339 681
4 868 418
4 400 905
3 938 018
3 480 851
3 030 862
2 589 926
2 160 291
1 745 214
1 350 066
982 901
655 009
380 836
72.50
73.97
70.68
65.93
61.11
56.45
51.84
47.27
42.78
38.33
33.98
29.71
25.51
21.45
17.60
14.01
10.74
7.82
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.04567
0.00277
0.00089
0.00082
0.00224
0.00410
0.00544
0.00619
0.00648
0.00693
0.00808
0.00924
0.01195
0.01549
0.02254
0.03476
0.05272
0.14313
0.04400
0.01100
0.00443
0.00411
0.01116
0.02029
0.02686
0.03048
0.03186
0.03405
0.03962
0.04517
0.05800
0.07457
0.10669
0.15992
0.23291
1.00000
100 000
95 600
94 548
94 130
93 742
92 696
90 816
88 377
85 683
82 953
80 129
76 954
73 478
69 216
64 055
57 221
48 070
36 874
4 400
1 052
419
387
1 046
1 880
2 439
2 693
2 730
2 824
3 175
3 476
4 262
5 161
6 834
9 151
11 196
36 874
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.03395
0.00244
0.00074
0.00058
0.00114
0.00144
0.00175
0.00223
0.00275
0.00358
0.00456
0.00585
0.00798
0.01179
0.01780
0.02798
0.04491
0.12782
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
142
0.03300
0.00971
0.00367
0.00289
0.00569
0.00718
0.00873
0.01107
0.01366
0.01776
0.02252
0.02881
0.03911
0.05727
0.08519
0.13076
0.20188
1.00000
100 000
96 700
95 761
95 410
95 134
94 592
93 913
93 093
92 062
90 804
89 191
87 183
84 671
81 360
76 700
70 166
60 991
48 678
3 300
939
351
276
542
679
820
1 030
1 258
1 613
2 009
2 512
3 312
4 660
6 534
9 175
12 313
48 678
Mortalidad

2005-2010
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
97 078
383 552
476 478
474 546
471 116
464 116
453 775
441 457
428 392
414 943
400 330
384 014
364 886
341 420
311 355
271 114
219 629
274 745
0.96126 a
0.99136 b
0.99595
0.99277
0.98514
0.97772
0.97286
0.97040
0.96861
0.96478
0.95924
0.95019
0.93569
0.91194
0.87075
0.81010
0.55574 c
0.00000
6 672 947
6 575 869
6 192 317
5 715 839
5 241 293
4 770 177
4 306 061
3 852 285
3 410 828
2 982 436
2 567 493
2 167 163
1 783 149
1 418 263
1 076 843
765 488
494 374
274 745
66.73
68.14
64.84
60.11
55.33
50.90
46.84
43.00
39.21
35.35
31.46
27.60
23.75
20.01
16.39
13.01
9.97
7.18
97 875
387 775
482 207
480 713
478 768
475 860
472 285
467 865
462 390
455 505
446 794
435 886
421 779
402 404
375 097
336 595
283 574
413 552
0.97130 a
0.99291 b
0.99690
0.99595
0.99393
0.99249
0.99064
0.98830
0.98511
0.98088
0.97558
0.96764
0.95406
0.93214
0.89735
0.84248
0.59322 c
0.00000
7 376 925
7 279 049
6 891 274
6 409 067
5 928 354
5 449 586
4 973 726
4 501 442
4 033 577
3 571 187
3 115 682
2 668 888
2 233 002
1 811 223
1 408 818
1 033 721
697 126
413 552
73.77
74.66
71.33
66.57
61.75
57.07
52.44
47.85
43.33
38.87
34.49
30.19
25.98
21.89
18.01
14.39
11.10
8.17
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.03605
0.00262
0.00084
0.00078
0.00212
0.00388
0.00515
0.00587
0.00615
0.00661
0.00775
0.00892
0.01158
0.01511
0.02205
0.03405
0.05174
0.13920
0.03500
0.01040
0.00420
0.00390
0.01057
0.01919
0.02543
0.02891
0.03031
0.03252
0.03801
0.04362
0.05629
0.07281
0.10450
0.15688
0.22907
1.00000
100 000
96 500
95 496
95 095
94 724
93 723
91 924
89 586
86 997
84 360
81 617
78 515
75 090
70 864
65 704
58 838
49 608
38 244
3 500
1 004
402
371
1 001
1 799
2 338
2 589
2 637
2 743
3 102
3 424
4 227
5 160
6 866
9 230
11 364
38 244
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.02554
0.00230
0.00069
0.00055
0.00108
0.00136
0.00166
0.00211
0.00261
0.00340
0.00433
0.00557
0.00762
0.01127
0.01703
0.02678
0.04300
0.12240
0.02500
0.00914
0.00346
0.00273
0.00537
0.00678
0.00825
0.01047
0.01295
0.01686
0.02142
0.02748
0.03739
0.05482
0.08166
0.12550
0.19414
1.00000
100 000
97 500
96 609
96 274
96 011
95 496
94 848
94 066
93 081
91 875
90 326
88 391
85 963
82 749
78 213
71 826
62 812
50 618
2 500
891
335
263
516
647
783
985
1 205
1 549
1 935
2 429
3 214
4 536
6 387
9 014
12 194
50 618
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
143
Mortality

2010-2015
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
97 689
386 708
480 553
478 717
475 464
468 831
459 019
447 300
434 816
421 888
407 744
391 822
372 994
349 700
319 641
279 211
227 196
292 652
0.96879 a
0.99206 b
0.99618
0.99321
0.98605
0.97907
0.97447
0.97209
0.97027
0.96647
0.96095
0.95195
0.93755
0.91404
0.87351
0.81371
0.56296 c
0.00000
6 791 945
6 694 256
6 307 548
5 826 995
5 348 278
4 872 814
4 403 983
3 944 963
3 497 663
3 062 847
2 640 959
2 233 215
1 841 393
1 468 399
1 118 699
799 058
519 848
292 652
67.92
68.84
65.50
60.75
55.96
51.50
47.40
43.50
39.64
35.74
31.80
27.90
24.01
20.25
16.61
13.21
10.15
7.38
98 505
390 904
486 216
484 794
482 940
480 168
476 755
472 530
467 285
460 673
452 287
441 748
428 070
409 222
382 566
344 816
292 501
445 971
0.97882 a
0.99348 b
0.99707
0.99618
0.99426
0.99289
0.99114
0.98890
0.98585
0.98180
0.97670
0.96904
0.95597
0.93486
0.90132
0.84828
0.60391 c
0.00000
7 497 955
7 399 450
7 008 546
6 522 329
6 037 536
5 554 596
5 074 427
4 597 672
4 125 142
3 657 857
3 197 183
2 744 896
2 303 148
1 875 077
1 465 855
1 083 289
738 472
445 971
74.98
75.31
71.95
67.18
62.35
57.65
53.01
48.41
43.87
39.38
34.98
30.66
26.42
22.31
18.41
14.76
11.44
8.50
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.02815
0.00245
0.00079
0.00074
0.00199
0.00364
0.00484
0.00552
0.00581
0.00627
0.00739
0.00857
0.01119
0.01471
0.02153
0.03327
0.05068
0.13559
0.02750
0.00976
0.00396
0.00368
0.00992
0.01802
0.02389
0.02721
0.02863
0.03087
0.03627
0.04193
0.05444
0.07092
0.10215
0.15359
0.22492
1.00000
100 000
97 250
96 301
95 920
95 567
94 619
92 914
90 694
88 226
85 700
83 055
80 043
76 686
72 511
67 369
60 487
51 197
39 681
2 750
949
382
353
948
1 705
2 220
2 468
2 526
2 645
3 012
3 357
4 175
5 142
6 882
9 290
11 515
39 681
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01777
0.00217
0.00066
0.00052
0.00102
0.00129
0.00157
0.00199
0.00247
0.00323
0.00412
0.00532
0.00729
0.01080
0.01632
0.02568
0.04127
0.11764
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
144
0.01750
0.00862
0.00327
0.00258
0.00507
0.00641
0.00781
0.00992
0.01229
0.01603
0.02041
0.02625
0.03580
0.05257
0.07841
0.12067
0.18703
1.00000
100 000
98 250
97 403
97 084
96 834
96 342
95 725
94 977
94 035
92 879
91 390
89 525
87 175
84 054
79 635
73 391
64 535
52 465
1 750
847
319
250
491
617
748
942
1 156
1 489
1 866
2 350
3 121
4 418
6 244
8 856
12 070
52 465
Mortalidad
Cuadro 21(conclusin) / Table 21 (conclusion)

2015-2020
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
98 098
388 891
483 455
481 740
478 707
472 530
463 380
452 414
440 668
428 412
414 886
399 504
381 117
358 136
328 220
287 752
235 346
311 684
0.97398 a
0.99274 b
0.99645
0.99371
0.98710
0.98064
0.97633
0.97404
0.97219
0.96843
0.96292
0.95398
0.93970
0.91647
0.87670
0.81788
0.56977 c
0.00000
6 904 938
6 806 840
6 417 949
5 934 494
5 452 754
4 974 047
4 501 517
4 038 137
3 585 724
3 145 056
2 716 644
2 301 757
1 902 254
1 521 137
1 163 001
834 781
547 030
311 684
69.05
69.64
66.25
61.49
56.69
52.19
48.04
44.07
40.14
36.17
32.18
28.23
24.30
20.51
16.84
13.42
10.34
7.56
98 842
392 685
488 610
487 294
485 580
483 016
479 852
475 924
471 035
464 850
456 972
447 022
434 039
416 063
390 515
354 107
303 204
482 358
0.98305 a
0.99407 b
0.99731
0.99648
0.99472
0.99345
0.99182
0.98973
0.98687
0.98305
0.97823
0.97096
0.95858
0.93859
0.90677
0.85625
0.61403 c
0.00000
7 611 967
7 513 125
7 120 440
6 631 830
6 144 536
5 658 956
5 175 940
4 696 089
4 220 165
3 749 130
3 284 280
2 827 308
2 380 286
1 946 247
1 530 183
1 139 669
785 562
482 358
76.12
76.16
72.75
67.97
63.12
58.41
53.74
49.11
44.54
40.03
35.59
31.24
26.96
22.81
18.87
15.17
11.81
8.81
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.02294
0.00226
0.00074
0.00068
0.00185
0.00336
0.00447
0.00512
0.00541
0.00588
0.00697
0.00816
0.01074
0.01424
0.02093
0.03239
0.04947
0.13234
0.02250
0.00901
0.00368
0.00342
0.00918
0.01666
0.02212
0.02525
0.02669
0.02896
0.03426
0.03999
0.05231
0.06873
0.09943
0.14980
0.22014
1.00000
100 000
97 750
96 869
96 513
96 183
95 300
93 712
91 640
89 326
86 941
84 424
81 531
78 270
74 176
69 078
62 210
52 891
41 248
2 250
881
357
330
883
1 588
2 072
2 314
2 384
2 518
2 893
3 261
4 094
5 098
6 868
9 319
11 643
41 248
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01366
0.00199
0.00060
0.00048
0.00093
0.00118
0.00145
0.00184
0.00229
0.00300
0.00384
0.00498
0.00684
0.01015
0.01536
0.02419
0.03891
0.11349
0.01350
0.00791
0.00301
0.00237
0.00466
0.00590
0.00721
0.00917
0.01139
0.01489
0.01903
0.02457
0.03363
0.04948
0.07396
0.11404
0.17728
1.00000
100 000
98 650
97 869
97 575
97 343
96 889
96 317
95 623
94 746
93 668
92 272
90 517
88 292
85 323
81 102
75 104
66 539
54 743
1 350
781
295
232
454
572
694
877
1 079
1 395
1 756
2 224
2 969
4 221
5 998
8 565
11 796
54 743
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
145
Mortality
HAIT: TABLAS ABREVIADAS DE MORTALIDAD

HAITI: ABRIDGED LIFE TABLES
1980-1985
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
90 663
0.85274 a
335 708
0.95442 b
406 938
0.98290
399 981
0.98174
392 677
0.97394
382 444
0.96891
370 554
0.96711
358 365
0.96379
345 387
0.95584
330 135
0.94629
312 403
0.93327
291 557
0.91204
265 913
0.87956
233 886
0.83013
194 155
0.75677
146 930
0.65572
96 345
0.40627 c
65 925
5 019 963
4 929 300
4 593 592
4 186 655
3 786 674
3 393 997
3 011 553
2 640 999
2 282 635
1 937 247
1 607 113
1 294 710
1 003 153
737 241
503 355
309 200
162 270
65 925
50.20
56.53
55.89
51.95
47.69
43.70
39.99
36.22
32.41
28.61
24.98
21.35
17.92
14.64
11.66
8.97
6.68
4.63
91 501
0.86434 a
340 671
0.95770 b
413 890
0.98507
407 709
0.98418
401 260
0.97857
392 660
0.97458
382 677
0.97191
371 929
0.96830
360 139
0.96277
346 731
0.95528
331 224
0.94335
312 458
0.92471
288 933
0.89474
258 518
0.84781
219 173
0.77646
170 179
0.67713
115 234
0.42461 c
85 037
5 289 921
5 198 420
4 857 749
4 443 859
4 036 150
3 634 891
3 242 231
2 859 554
2 487 625
2 127 486
1 780 755
1 449 532
1 137 074
848 141
589 623
370 450
200 270
85 037
52.90
58.81
58.19
54.15
49.82
45.73
41.80
37.87
33.95
30.06
26.22
22.44
18.83
15.37
12.22
9.39
6.99
4.87
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.14118
0.01494
0.00392
0.00297
0.00441
0.00617
0.00647
0.00692
0.00785
0.01027
0.01185
0.01590
0.02114
0.03073
0.04483
0.06933
0.10429
0.21608
0.12800
0.05752
0.01939
0.01475
0.02183
0.03038
0.03182
0.03400
0.03850
0.05005
0.05756
0.07645
0.10041
0.14271
0.20156
0.29543
0.41361
1.00000
100 000
87 200
82 184
80 591
79 402
77 669
75 309
72 913
70 433
67 722
64 332
60 629
55 994
50 371
43 183
34 479
24 293
14 245
12 800
5 016
1 594
1 189
1 733
2 360
2 396
2 479
2 712
3 389
3 703
4 635
5 622
7 188
8 704
10 186
10 048
14 245
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.12677
0.01443
0.00341
0.00261
0.00378
0.00490
0.00541
0.00599
0.00691
0.00830
0.01004
0.01338
0.01810
0.02683
0.04016
0.06343
0.09705
0.20526
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
146
0.11600
0.05563
0.01688
0.01295
0.01872
0.02419
0.02669
0.02952
0.03394
0.04064
0.04898
0.06472
0.08660
0.12570
0.18250
0.27374
0.39051
1.00000
100 000
88 400
83 483
82 073
81 010
79 494
77 570
75 500
73 271
70 784
67 908
64 582
60 402
55 171
48 236
39 433
28 639
17 455
11 600
4 917
1 409
1 063
1 517
1 923
2 070
2 229
2 487
2 877
3 326
4 180
5 231
6 935
8 803
10 795
11 184
17 455
Mortalidad

1985-1990
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
92 161
0.87722 a
346 448
0.95847 b
420 394
0.98294
413 220
0.98215
405 843
0.97477
395 602
0.96979
383 650
0.96802
371 380
0.96484
358 320
0.95666
342 791
0.94751
324 799
0.93554
303 862
0.91510
278 064
0.88372
245 731
0.83497
205 178
0.76235
156 416
0.66201
103 550
0.41179 c
72 493
5 219 903
5 127 741
4 781 293
4 360 899
3 947 679
3 541 837
3 146 234
2 762 584
2 391 204
2 032 884
1 690 093
1 365 294
1 061 432
783 367
537 637
332 459
176 043
72 493
52.20
57.29
56.32
52.38
48.12
44.10
40.37
36.58
32.74
28.92
25.29
21.64
18.16
14.84
11.81
9.09
6.77
4.70
92 857
0.88661 a
350 449
0.96133 b
426 165
0.98507
419 803
0.98457
413 326
0.97965
404 914
0.97585
395 135
0.97302
384 474
0.96945
372 727
0.96419
359 381
0.95744
344 085
0.94655
325 695
0.92902
302 578
0.90041
272 444
0.85445
232 790
0.78423
182 560
0.68624
125 280
0.43210 c
95 322
5 499 984
5 407 127
5 056 678
4 630 514
4 210 711
3 797 385
3 392 471
2 997 336
2 612 862
2 240 135
1 880 754
1 536 669
1 210 974
908 395
635 952
403 162
220 601
95 322
55.00
59.75
58.83
54.79
50.48
46.36
42.38
38.42
34.48
30.56
26.70
22.87
19.19
15.68
12.46
9.58
7.13
4.97
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.11393
0.01327
0.00391
0.00296
0.00425
0.00599
0.00628
0.00673
0.00761
0.01017
0.01143
0.01535
0.02034
0.02962
0.04359
0.06752
0.10223
0.21267
0.10500
0.05138
0.01937
0.01471
0.02104
0.02951
0.03093
0.03307
0.03733
0.04958
0.05555
0.07390
0.09678
0.13788
0.19652
0.28884
0.40709
1.00000
100 000
89 500
84 901
83 256
82 031
80 306
77 935
75 525
73 027
70 301
66 816
63 104
58 441
52 785
45 507
36 564
26 003
15 417
10 500
4 599
1 645
1 225
1 726
2 370
2 411
2 498
2 726
3 485
3 711
4 663
5 656
7 278
8 943
10 561
10 585
15 417
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.10231
0.01296
0.00340
0.00261
0.00362
0.00461
0.00517
0.00578
0.00665
0.00796
0.00947
0.01258
0.01702
0.02535
0.03847
0.06100
0.09400
0.20108
0.09500
0.05018
0.01688
0.01294
0.01795
0.02280
0.02553
0.02847
0.03270
0.03902
0.04625
0.06099
0.08161
0.11917
0.17549
0.26463
0.38058
1.00000
100 000
90 500
85 958
84 507
83 414
81 916
80 049
78 005
75 784
73 306
70 446
67 188
63 090
57 941
51 036
42 080
30 944
19 167
9 500
4 542
1 451
1 094
1 497
1 868
2 044
2 221
2 478
2 860
3 258
4 098
5 149
6 905
8 956
11 135
11 777
19 167
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
147
Mortality

1990-1995
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
93 165
0.89401 a
353 842
0.96187 b
429 963
0.98296
422 638
0.98252
415 250
0.97552
405 085
0.97059
393 171
0.96884
380 921
0.96579
367 890
0.95741
352 223
0.94863
334 129
0.93761
313 281
0.91789
287 557
0.88751
255 210
0.83938
214 219
0.76744
164 400
0.66775
109 778
0.41618 c
78 257
5 370 979
5 277 814
4 923 972
4 494 009
4 071 371
3 656 121
3 251 036
2 857 865
2 476 944
2 109 054
1 756 831
1 422 702
1 109 421
821 864
566 654
352 435
188 035
78 257
53.71
58.00
56.71
52.78
48.52
44.48
40.72
36.91
33.05
29.20
25.58
21.89
18.39
15.03
11.96
9.20
6.85
4.76
93 817
0.90316 a
357 763
0.96481 b
435 691
0.98508
429 190
0.98499
422 747
0.98081
414 633
0.97722
405 188
0.97421
394 737
0.97068
383 162
0.96573
370 029
0.95976
355 139
0.95000
337 382
0.93366
315 000
0.90650
285 549
0.86159
246 026
0.79258
194 996
0.69603
135 722
0.43901 c
106 209
5 682 981
5 589 164
5 231 401
4 795 710
4 366 520
3 943 772
3 529 139
3 123 951
2 729 214
2 346 052
1 976 023
1 620 884
1 283 502
968 502
682 953
436 927
241 931
106 209
56.83
60.78
59.53
55.51
51.20
47.05
43.02
39.03
35.06
31.11
27.22
23.34
19.60
16.01
12.71
9.78
7.26
5.06
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.09660
0.01178
0.00391
0.00296
0.00411
0.00583
0.00612
0.00655
0.00739
0.01008
0.01104
0.01485
0.01961
0.02860
0.04246
0.06589
0.10036
0.21017
0.09000
0.04579
0.01935
0.01468
0.02032
0.02872
0.03012
0.03222
0.03626
0.04915
0.05371
0.07158
0.09346
0.13348
0.19194
0.28284
0.40115
1.00000
100 000
91 000
86 833
85 153
83 903
82 197
79 837
77 432
74 937
72 219
68 670
64 982
60 331
54 692
47 392
38 296
27 464
16 447
9 000
4 167
1 680
1 250
1 705
2 361
2 405
2 495
2 718
3 549
3 688
4 651
5 639
7 300
9 096
10 832
11 017
16 447
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.08573
0.01140
0.00340
0.00260
0.00345
0.00431
0.00492
0.00554
0.00637
0.00760
0.00885
0.01173
0.01585
0.02377
0.03667
0.05841
0.09077
0.19758
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
148
0.08043
0.04434
0.01687
0.01293
0.01712
0.02130
0.02429
0.02734
0.03137
0.03728
0.04331
0.05699
0.07625
0.11216
0.16797
0.25483
0.36992
1.00000
100 000
91 957
87 880
86 397
85 279
83 819
82 034
80 041
77 853
75 411
72 600
69 456
65 497
60 503
53 717
44 694
33 304
20 984
8 043
4 077
1 483
1 117
1 460
1 786
1 992
2 188
2 442
2 811
3 145
3 958
4 994
6 786
9 023
11 389
12 320
20 984
Mortalidad

1995-2000
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
94 285
0.91139 a
361 409
0.96488 b
439 690
0.98299
432 210
0.98283
424 790
0.97616
414 662
0.97126
402 746
0.96954
390 480
0.96660
377 437
0.95805
361 602
0.94957
343 367
0.93935
322 542
0.92024
296 816
0.89072
264 378
0.84311
222 900
0.77174
172 021
0.67259
115 700
0.42028 c
83 879
5 520 912
5 426 627
5 065 217
4 625 527
4 193 317
3 768 527
3 353 866
2 951 120
2 560 640
2 183 203
1 821 602
1 478 235
1 155 694
858 878
594 499
371 599
199 578
83 879
55.21
58.60
57.04
53.12
48.87
44.80
41.02
37.19
33.32
29.45
25.83
22.12
18.59
15.19
12.08
9.30
6.92
4.81
94 816
0.91946 a
364 913
0.96812 b
445 071
0.98509
438 434
0.98538
432 024
0.98190
424 202
0.97851
415 085
0.97532
404 841
0.97183
393 437
0.96716
380 519
0.96194
366 038
0.95324
348 921
0.93802
327 295
0.91224
298 570
0.86830
259 249
0.80044
207 513
0.70523
146 345
0.44562 c
117 637
5 864 909
5 770 093
5 405 180
4 960 109
4 521 675
4 089 651
3 665 449
3 250 364
2 845 522
2 452 085
2 071 566
1 705 529
1 356 608
1 029 313
730 743
471 494
263 981
117 637
58.65
61.78
60.21
56.20
51.90
47.72
43.64
39.62
35.62
31.65
27.72
23.79
19.99
16.33
12.96
9.97
7.40
5.15
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.07849
0.01052
0.00390
0.00295
0.00398
0.00569
0.00598
0.00640
0.00720
0.01000
0.01071
0.01442
0.01899
0.02775
0.04152
0.06451
0.09879
0.20774
0.07400
0.04108
0.01933
0.01465
0.01972
0.02805
0.02944
0.03150
0.03536
0.04879
0.05216
0.06961
0.09067
0.12976
0.18806
0.27777
0.39613
1.00000
100 000
92 600
88 796
87 080
85 804
84 112
81 753
79 346
76 846
74 129
70 512
66 835
62 182
56 544
49 207
39 953
28 855
17 425
7 400
3 804
1 716
1 276
1 692
2 359
2 407
2 500
2 718
3 616
3 678
4 652
5 638
7 337
9 254
11 098
11 430
17 425
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.06961
0.00994
0.00340
0.00260
0.00330
0.00402
0.00468
0.00532
0.00611
0.00726
0.00828
0.01094
0.01477
0.02229
0.03500
0.05600
0.08778
0.19421
0.06600
0.03885
0.01687
0.01292
0.01634
0.01990
0.02312
0.02627
0.03011
0.03564
0.04056
0.05323
0.07122
0.10558
0.16090
0.24563
0.35990
1.00000
100 000
93 400
89 771
88 257
87 117
85 693
83 988
82 046
79 890
77 485
74 723
71 692
67 876
63 042
56 386
47 313
35 692
22 846
6 600
3 629
1 515
1 140
1 424
1 705
1 942
2 156
2 406
2 762
3 031
3 816
4 834
6 656
9 073
11 622
12 845
22 846
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
149
Mortality

2000-2005
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
95 258
0.92445 a
366 969
0.96621 b
446 607
0.98341
439 199
0.98326
431 847
0.97675
421 807
0.97197
409 985
0.97027
397 797
0.96737
384 817
0.95898
369 030
0.95064
350 815
0.94055
329 960
0.92173
304 134
0.89264
271 481
0.84573
229 600
0.77537
178 026
0.67751
120 615
0.42738 c
90 021
5 637 968
5 542 710
5 175 741
4 729 133
4 289 935
3 858 087
3 436 280
3 026 295
2 628 498
2 243 681
1 874 651
1 523 836
1 193 877
889 743
618 262
388 662
210 636
90 021
56.38
59.01
57.40
53.45
49.19
45.11
41.31
37.45
33.56
29.67
26.04
22.30
18.75
15.34
12.22
9.42
7.03
4.93
95 932
0.93418 a
371 160
0.96934 b
452 773
0.98523
446 087
0.98558
439 655
0.98224
431 845
0.97891
422 738
0.97573
412 476
0.97227
401 038
0.96769
388 079
0.96262
373 572
0.95414
356 440
0.93921
334 773
0.91384
305 930
0.87040
266 282
0.80324
213 888
0.70892
151 630
0.45118 c
124 655
5 988 953
5 893 021
5 521 861
5 069 087
4 623 000
4 183 345
3 751 500
3 328 762
2 916 286
2 515 248
2 127 169
1 753 597
1 397 157
1 062 384
756 455
490 172
276 284
124 655
59.89
62.10
60.47
56.45
52.15
47.96
43.87
39.83
35.82
31.84
27.90
23.96
20.14
16.46
13.08
10.07
7.49
5.24
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.06377
0.01023
0.00381
0.00288
0.00388
0.00555
0.00583
0.00625
0.00703
0.00978
0.01049
0.01413
0.01863
0.02724
0.04076
0.06332
0.09694
0.20303
0.06075
0.03996
0.01885
0.01429
0.01922
0.02735
0.02872
0.03076
0.03456
0.04772
0.05109
0.06826
0.08902
0.12750
0.18494
0.27331
0.39016
1.00000
100 000
93 925
90 171
88 472
87 208
85 531
83 192
80 802
78 317
75 610
72 002
68 324
63 660
57 993
50 599
41 241
29 969
18 277
6 075
3 754
1 700
1 264
1 677
2 339
2 390
2 485
2 707
3 608
3 678
4 664
5 667
7 394
9 358
11 272
11 693
18 277
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.05329
0.00962
0.00337
0.00258
0.00324
0.00394
0.00460
0.00524
0.00602
0.00714
0.00812
0.01072
0.01448
0.02187
0.03443
0.05512
0.08648
0.19068
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
150
0.05112
0.03763
0.01671
0.01279
0.01606
0.01949
0.02272
0.02586
0.02964
0.03507
0.03978
0.05220
0.06985
0.10369
0.15850
0.24223
0.35554
1.00000
100 000
94 888
91 317
89 792
88 643
87 219
85 519
83 576
81 414
79 001
76 231
73 198
69 378
64 532
57 840
48 673
36 883
23 769
5 112
3 571
1 526
1 149
1 424
1 700
1 943
2 162
2 413
2 770
3 032
3 821
4 846
6 691
9 167
11 790
13 113
23 769
Mortalidad

2005-2010
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
95 844
0.93467 a
371 493
0.97091 b
453 740
0.98566
447 234
0.98551
440 755
0.97986
431 878
0.97567
421 372
0.97409
410 454
0.97140
398 714
0.96387
384 308
0.95623
367 488
0.94680
347 937
0.92944
323 387
0.90257
291 880
0.85936
250 831
0.79437
199 253
0.70332
140 139
0.45767 c
118 264
5 894 968
5 799 124
5 427 631
4 973 891
4 526 657
4 085 902
3 654 025
3 232 653
2 822 199
2 423 485
2 039 177
1 671 690
1 323 753
1 000 366
708 486
457 655
258 403
118 264
58.95
61.20
59.32
55.26
50.92
46.74
42.82
38.85
34.85
30.87
27.11
23.29
19.64
16.14
12.93
10.05
7.57
5.40
96 413
0.94253 a
374 853
0.97335 b
458 708
0.98713
452 806
0.98743
447 113
0.98450
440 183
0.98158
432 075
0.97877
422 901
0.97570
412 624
0.97161
400 907
0.96704
387 693
0.95940
371 955
0.94602
351 876
0.92329
324 882
0.88440
287 325
0.82409
236 781
0.73873
174 917
0.48681 c
165 926
6 239 939
6 143 525
5 768 672
5 309 964
4 857 159
4 410 046
3 969 862
3 537 787
3 114 886
2 702 263
2 301 355
1 913 662
1 541 707
1 189 832
864 950
577 624
340 843
165 926
62.40
64.30
62.42
58.31
53.94
49.67
45.48
41.35
37.25
33.18
29.16
25.13
21.23
17.47
13.99
10.88
8.19
5.85
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.05469
0.00879
0.00328
0.00249
0.00336
0.00480
0.00506
0.00545
0.00617
0.00859
0.00932
0.01263
0.01678
0.02459
0.03685
0.05716
0.08746
0.18517
0.05241
0.03446
0.01629
0.01236
0.01665
0.02370
0.02497
0.02687
0.03038
0.04207
0.04554
0.06122
0.08050
0.11583
0.16869
0.25006
0.35884
1.00000
100 000
94 759
91 493
90 003
88 891
87 411
85 340
83 209
80 973
78 513
75 210
71 785
67 390
61 965
54 787
45 545
34 156
21 899
5 241
3 266
1 490
1 112
1 480
2 071
2 131
2 236
2 460
3 303
3 425
4 395
5 425
7 177
9 242
11 389
12 256
21 899
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.04621
0.00835
0.00293
0.00224
0.00282
0.00343
0.00401
0.00458
0.00527
0.00627
0.00715
0.00947
0.01282
0.01936
0.03040
0.04850
0.07582
0.17087
0.04455
0.03277
0.01456
0.01115
0.01401
0.01701
0.01985
0.02264
0.02600
0.03085
0.03514
0.04625
0.06209
0.09231
0.14126
0.21627
0.31869
1.00000
100 000
95 545
92 414
91 069
90 053
88 792
87 281
85 549
83 612
81 438
78 925
76 152
72 630
68 120
61 832
53 098
41 615
28 352
4 455
3 131
1 346
1 016
1 261
1 510
1 733
1 937
2 174
2 512
2 773
3 522
4 510
6 288
8 734
11 483
13 262
28 352
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
151
Mortality

2010-2015
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
96 235
0.94137 a
374 452
0.97396 b
458 432
0.98713
452 532
0.98698
446 641
0.98189
438 552
0.97809
428 944
0.97658
418 899
0.97403
408 020
0.96706
394 581
0.95988
378 753
0.95088
360 148
0.93448
336 551
0.90907
305 948
0.86828
265 649
0.80682
214 330
0.72025
154 372
0.47720 c
140 908
6 073 945
5 977 710
5 603 258
5 144 827
4 692 295
4 245 654
3 807 102
3 378 158
2 959 260
2 551 240
2 156 658
1 777 906
1 417 757
1 081 207
775 258
509 609
295 279
140 908
60.74
62.72
60.67
56.53
52.14
47.89
43.88
39.83
35.76
31.71
27.87
23.98
20.27
16.71
13.44
10.49
7.95
5.73
96 762
0.94851 a
377 493
0.97620 b
462 968
0.98849
457 637
0.98875
452 487
0.98612
446 205
0.98348
438 836
0.98094
430 471
0.97814
421 062
0.97440
410 283
0.97019
398 054
0.96316
383 390
0.95087
364 556
0.93003
339 048
0.89441
303 247
0.83901
254 428
0.76011
193 395
0.51160 c
202 584
6 432 904
6 336 141
5 958 649
5 495 681
5 038 044
4 585 557
4 139 352
3 700 517
3 270 046
2 848 985
2 438 702
2 040 648
1 657 258
1 292 702
953 654
650 407
395 979
202 584
64.33
65.99
63.93
59.74
55.32
50.99
46.74
42.55
38.38
34.24
30.15
26.05
22.09
18.26
14.71
11.52
8.74
6.32
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.04880
0.00786
0.00295
0.00223
0.00301
0.00431
0.00456
0.00493
0.00561
0.00783
0.00856
0.01166
0.01557
0.02288
0.03433
0.05323
0.08146
0.17449
0.04697
0.03087
0.01462
0.01110
0.01496
0.02131
0.02252
0.02433
0.02765
0.03838
0.04192
0.05663
0.07494
0.10821
0.15808
0.23488
0.33839
1.00000
100 000
95 303
92 361
91 011
90 001
88 655
86 766
84 812
82 748
80 460
77 372
74 129
69 931
64 690
57 690
48 570
37 162
24 587
4 697
2 942
1 350
1 010
1 346
1 889
1 954
2 064
2 288
3 088
3 244
4 198
5 241
7 000
9 120
11 408
12 575
24 587
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.04120
0.00745
0.00262
0.00201
0.00252
0.00307
0.00359
0.00411
0.00474
0.00565
0.00647
0.00858
0.01164
0.01758
0.02757
0.04389
0.06850
0.15823
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
152
0.03986
0.02930
0.01303
0.00998
0.01254
0.01524
0.01781
0.02034
0.02341
0.02784
0.03183
0.04201
0.05655
0.08419
0.12896
0.19775
0.29241
1.00000
100 000
96 014
93 201
91 986
91 068
89 926
88 556
86 979
85 210
83 215
80 898
78 323
75 033
70 789
64 830
56 469
45 302
32 056
3 986
2 813
1 214
918
1 142
1 371
1 577
1 769
1 995
2 317
2 575
3 290
4 243
5 960
8 361
11 167
13 247
32 056
Mortalidad

2015-2020
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
96 586
0.94730 a
377 065
0.97665 b
462 593
0.98843
457 239
0.98828
451 881
0.98368
444 506
0.98022
435 716
0.97878
426 470
0.97635
416 386
0.96989
403 846
0.96311
388 947
0.95448
371 243
0.93893
348 570
0.91481
318 875
0.87616
279 386
0.81782
228 488
0.73524
167 994
0.49425 c
164 173
6 239 964
6 143 378
5 766 313
5 303 719
4 846 480
4 394 599
3 950 093
3 514 377
3 087 907
2 671 521
2 267 675
1 878 728
1 507 485
1 158 915
840 041
560 655
332 167
164 173
62.40
64.14
61.92
57.71
53.26
48.96
44.87
40.75
36.61
32.50
28.59
24.64
20.87
17.25
13.92
10.91
8.30
6.04
97 077
0.95385 a
379 847
0.97873 b
466 781
0.98969
461 970
0.98992
457 313
0.98756
451 623
0.98518
444 930
0.98287
437 309
0.98032
428 704
0.97689
418 798
0.97300
407 491
0.96651
393 845
0.95520
376 202
0.93605
352 142
0.90334
318 104
0.85235
271 136
0.77925
211 283
0.53324 c
241 378
6 615 932
6 518 855
6 139 008
5 672 227
5 210 257
4 752 944
4 301 321
3 856 391
3 419 082
2 990 378
2 571 581
2 164 089
1 770 245
1 394 043
1 041 901
723 797
452 661
241 378
66.16
67.60
65.38
61.12
56.65
52.26
47.95
43.69
39.46
35.25
31.10
26.95
22.92
19.03
15.41
12.14
9.27
6.76
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.04365
0.00704
0.00265
0.00201
0.00271
0.00388
0.00411
0.00447
0.00511
0.00715
0.00790
0.01080
0.01452
0.02138
0.03213
0.04981
0.07629
0.16562
0.04216
0.02770
0.01314
0.00998
0.01347
0.01920
0.02036
0.02209
0.02524
0.03512
0.03873
0.05258
0.07004
0.10149
0.14872
0.22148
0.32034
1.00000
100 000
95 784
93 131
91 907
90 989
89 763
88 039
86 247
84 341
82 213
79 326
76 253
72 244
67 184
60 366
51 388
40 007
27 191
4 216
2 653
1 224
918
1 226
1 724
1 793
1 906
2 128
2 887
3 072
4 009
5 060
6 818
8 977
11 382
12 816
27 191
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.03676
0.00665
0.00235
0.00180
0.00226
0.00275
0.00322
0.00369
0.00426
0.00510
0.00586
0.00780
0.01060
0.01601
0.02508
0.03986
0.06216
0.14786
0.03569
0.02621
0.01166
0.00893
0.01124
0.01367
0.01599
0.01829
0.02110
0.02516
0.02888
0.03823
0.05162
0.07696
0.11801
0.18125
0.26899
1.00000
100 000
96 431
93 904
92 809
91 979
90 946
89 703
88 269
86 655
84 827
82 692
80 304
77 234
73 247
67 610
59 631
48 823
35 690
3 569
2 528
1 095
829
1 033
1 243
1 434
1 614
1 828
2 134
2 388
3 070
3 987
5 637
7 979
10 808
13 133
35 690
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
153
Mortality
HONDURAS: TABLAS ABREVIADAS DE MORTALIDAD

HONDURAS: ABRIDGED LIFE TABLES
1980-1985
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
94 723
361 705
442 779
438 320
434 037
427 918
419 691
409 371
397 593
384 561
369 487
351 096
327 773
297 023
257 912
210 813
157 524
161 618
0.91286 a
0.97010 b
0.98993
0.99023
0.98590
0.98077
0.97541
0.97123
0.96722
0.96080
0.95023
0.93357
0.90618
0.86833
0.81738
0.74723
0.50641 c

5 943 943
5 849 220
5 487 515
5 044 736
4 606 416
4 172 379
3 744 461
3 324 770
2 915 400
2 517 807
2 133 246
1 763 759
1 412 663
1 084 890
787 867
529 955
319 142
161 618
59.44
63.01
61.59
57.32
52.75
48.35
44.12
40.06
36.11
32.16
28.24
24.41
20.72
17.24
14.10
11.21
8.62
6.22
95 638
368 000
451 608
447 828
444 333
439 546
433 389
425 813
416 763
406 163
393 706
378 682
359 153
332 951
298 140
253 585
200 353
233 264
0.92728 a
0.97405 b
0.99163
0.99219
0.98923
0.98599
0.98252
0.97875
0.97457
0.96933
0.96184
0.94843
0.92705
0.89545
0.85056
0.79008
0.53795 c

6 378 917
6 283 279
5 915 279
5 463 671
5 015 843
4 571 510
4 131 964
3 698 575
3 272 762
2 855 998
2 449 835
2 056 129
1 677 447
1 318 294
985 343
687 203
433 617
233 264
63.79
66.69
65.16
60.80
56.18
51.68
47.30
43.01
38.81
34.67
30.59
26.57
22.64
18.95
15.49
12.35
9.47
6.79
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.07573
0.01029
0.00248
0.00157
0.00236
0.00332
0.00445
0.00552
0.00617
0.00718
0.00885
0.01164
0.01599
0.02377
0.03329
0.04864
0.07021
0.16072
0.07173
0.04011
0.01230
0.00781
0.01175
0.01648
0.02202
0.02722
0.03036
0.03527
0.04327
0.05657
0.07688
0.11217
0.15365
0.21685
0.29865
1.00000
100 000
92 827
89 104
88 008
87 320
86 295
84 873
83 004
80 744
78 293
75 532
72 263
68 175
62 934
55 875
47 290
37 035
25 975
7 173
3 723
1 096
688
1 026
1 422
1 869
2 259
2 452
2 761
3 268
4 088
5 241
7 059
8 585
10 255
11 060
25 975
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.06053
0.00931
0.00206
0.00130
0.00184
0.00250
0.00315
0.00391
0.00469
0.00563
0.00685
0.00875
0.01253
0.01797
0.02664
0.03896
0.05697
0.14732
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
154
0.05789
0.03635
0.01024
0.00648
0.00914
0.01242
0.01561
0.01938
0.02317
0.02775
0.03367
0.04281
0.06073
0.08597
0.12489
0.17750
0.24932
1.00000
100 000
94 211
90 786
89 857
89 274
88 459
87 360
85 996
84 330
82 376
80 090
77 393
74 080
69 581
63 599
55 657
45 777
34 364
5 789
3 425
930
582
816
1 099
1 364
1 666
1 954
2 286
2 697
3 313
4 499
5 982
7 943
9 879
11 413
34 364
Mortalidad

1985-1990
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
95 443
370 861
457 610
454 262
450 600
445 228
437 931
428 663
417 981
406 102
392 310
375 168
353 353
324 434
286 957
240 275
184 638
202 135
0.93261 a
0.98136 b
0.99268
0.99194
0.98808
0.98361
0.97884
0.97508
0.97158
0.96604
0.95631
0.94185
0.91816
0.88449
0.83732
0.76845
0.52262 c

6 323 953
6 228 510
5 857 650
5 400 039
4 945 777
4 495 177
4 049 949
3 612 018
3 183 355
2 765 374
2 359 272
1 966 962
1 591 793
1 238 440
914 006
627 048
386 773
202 135
63.24
66.18
63.73
59.25
54.61
50.13
45.80
41.64
37.58
33.53
29.50
25.56
21.77
18.15
14.85
11.78
9.02
6.52
96 273
376 206
465 049
462 249
459 340
455 322
450 217
443 920
436 162
426 811
415 733
402 254
384 644
360 950
328 726
285 792
231 863
289 425
0.94496 a
0.98428 b
0.99398
0.99371
0.99125
0.98879
0.98601
0.98252
0.97856
0.97405
0.96758
0.95622
0.93840
0.91072
0.86939
0.81130
0.55521 c

6 770 936
6 674 663
6 298 457
5 833 408
5 371 159
4 911 819
4 456 497
4 006 281
3 562 361
3 126 199
2 699 388
2 283 654
1 881 400
1 496 756
1 135 806
807 080
521 287
289 425
67.71
70.02
67.48
62.94
58.25
53.67
49.18
44.77
40.44
36.19
32.00
27.87
23.83
19.98
16.35
13.02
9.97
7.16
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.06168
0.00594
0.00170
0.00124
0.00200
0.00280
0.00382
0.00475
0.00535
0.00619
0.00766
0.01027
0.01379
0.02064
0.02891
0.04319
0.06433
0.15331
0.05887
0.02340
0.00846
0.00616
0.00997
0.01390
0.01891
0.02346
0.02642
0.03048
0.03756
0.05007
0.06665
0.09812
0.13480
0.19490
0.27709
1.00000
100 000
94 113
91 911
91 133
90 571
89 669
88 422
86 750
84 715
82 477
79 964
76 960
73 107
68 234
61 539
53 244
42 867
30 989
5 887
2 202
778
562
903
1 246
1 672
2 035
2 238
2 514
3 003
3 854
4 873
6 695
8 296
10 377
11 878
30 989
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.04857
0.00529
0.00140
0.00102
0.00151
0.00201
0.00251
0.00313
0.00393
0.00475
0.00578
0.00743
0.01055
0.01502
0.02272
0.03396
0.05118
0.13972
0.04676
0.02087
0.00696
0.00507
0.00752
0.00998
0.01245
0.01554
0.01945
0.02347
0.02850
0.03646
0.05137
0.07238
0.10749
0.15651
0.22686
1.00000
100 000
95 324
93 335
92 685
92 215
91 521
90 608
89 479
88 089
86 376
84 349
81 945
78 957
74 901
69 479
62 011
52 306
40 439
4 676
1 989
650
470
693
914
1 128
1 390
1 713
2 027
2 404
2 988
4 056
5 422
7 468
9 705
11 866
40 439
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
155
Mortality

1990-1995
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
96 186
376 284
465 357
462 436
459 133
454 250
447 592
439 084
429 209
418 138
405 174
388 876
367 958
340 008
303 361
256 956
200 460
232 498
0.94494 a
0.98495 b
0.99372
0.99286
0.98937
0.98534
0.98099
0.97751
0.97421
0.96900
0.95977
0.94621
0.92404
0.89222
0.84703
0.78013
0.53700 c

6 542 961
6 446 775
6 070 491
5 605 134
5 142 698
4 683 565
4 229 315
3 781 723
3 342 639
2 913 430
2 495 292
2 090 118
1 701 242
1 333 284
993 276
689 915
432 959
232 498
65.43
67.73
64.99
60.44
55.76
51.23
46.84
42.61
38.47
34.36
30.26
26.25
22.40
18.71
15.34
12.19
9.37
6.84
96 946
380 914
471 809
469 389
466 804
463 224
458 679
453 059
446 070
437 566
427 428
415 004
398 674
376 569
346 170
304 991
252 071
340 536
0.95572 a
0.98734 b
0.99487
0.99449
0.99233
0.99019
0.98775
0.98457
0.98094
0.97683
0.97093
0.96065
0.94455
0.91928
0.88104
0.82649
0.57464 c

7 005 905
6 908 959
6 528 045
6 056 236
5 586 847
5 120 043
4 656 819
4 198 139
3 745 080
3 299 010
2 861 445
2 434 017
2 019 012
1 620 338
1 243 769
897 599
592 607
340 536
70.06
71.79
68.98
64.37
59.64
55.02
50.49
46.02
41.62
37.30
33.05
28.85
24.74
20.81
17.09
13.66
10.52
7.65
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.05011
0.00472
0.00143
0.00108
0.00179
0.00249
0.00342
0.00426
0.00484
0.00562
0.00700
0.00947
0.01273
0.01911
0.02690
0.04047
0.06085
0.14621
0.04820
0.01865
0.00714
0.00541
0.00889
0.01239
0.01696
0.02109
0.02392
0.02771
0.03439
0.04627
0.06168
0.09119
0.12605
0.18377
0.26408
1.00000
100 000
95 180
93 405
92 738
92 237
91 416
90 284
88 753
86 881
84 803
82 453
79 617
75 933
71 250
64 753
56 591
46 191
33 993
4 820
1 775
667
501
820
1 133
1 531
1 872
2 078
2 350
2 836
3 684
4 683
6 497
8 162
10 400
12 198
33 993
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.03878
0.00420
0.00117
0.00088
0.00133
0.00176
0.00219
0.00274
0.00348
0.00423
0.00516
0.00666
0.00945
0.01347
0.02047
0.03077
0.04674
0.13074
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
156
0.03760
0.01664
0.00585
0.00441
0.00661
0.00874
0.01090
0.01363
0.01725
0.02091
0.02548
0.03275
0.04617
0.06517
0.09737
0.14287
0.20926
1.00000
100 000
96 240
94 639
94 085
93 670
93 051
92 238
91 233
89 990
88 438
86 589
84 383
81 619
77 850
72 777
65 691
56 306
44 523
3 760
1 601
553
415
619
813
1 005
1 243
1 552
1 849
2 206
2 763
3 769
5 073
7 086
9 386
11 782
44 523
Mortalidad

1995-2000
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
96 805
380 372
471 046
468 492
465 597
461 311
455 442
447 900
439 063
429 024
417 094
401 889
382 098
355 326
319 737
273 926
217 124
267 700
0.95435 a
0.98715 b
0.99458
0.99382
0.99079
0.98728
0.98344
0.98027
0.97714
0.97219
0.96355
0.95076
0.92993
0.89984
0.85672
0.79264
0.55216 c

6 749 947
6 653 142
6 272 770
5 801 724
5 333 232
4 867 635
4 406 324
3 950 882
3 502 981
3 063 919
2 634 895
2 217 801
1 815 912
1 433 814
1 078 488
758 750
484 824
267 700
67.50
69.28
66.38
61.77
57.05
52.48
48.02
43.70
39.47
35.27
31.10
27.01
23.09
19.33
15.87
12.66
9.77
7.19
97 514
384 471
476 774
474 668
472 416
469 292
465 314
460 375
454 206
446 653
437 578
426 357
411 482
391 168
362 942
324 176
273 322
401 255
0.96397 a
0.98919 b
0.99558
0.99526
0.99339
0.99152
0.98939
0.98660
0.98337
0.97968
0.97436
0.96511
0.95063
0.92784
0.89319
0.84313
0.59482 c

7 229 965
7 132 451
6 747 980
6 271 206
5 796 538
5 324 122
4 854 829
4 389 515
3 929 140
3 474 934
3 028 281
2 590 703
2 164 346
1 752 864
1 361 695
998 753
674 577
401 255
72.30
73.55
70.59
65.93
61.18
56.51
51.92
47.39
42.93
38.54
34.22
29.94
25.76
21.75
17.94
14.42
11.17
8.20
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.04096
0.00403
0.00124
0.00094
0.00154
0.00216
0.00297
0.00372
0.00426
0.00500
0.00630
0.00860
0.01167
0.01758
0.02498
0.03774
0.05704
0.13908
0.03965
0.01598
0.00616
0.00467
0.00769
0.01073
0.01473
0.01842
0.02107
0.02469
0.03100
0.04208
0.05672
0.08422
0.11757
0.17242
0.24959
1.00000
100 000
96 035
94 500
93 918
93 479
92 760
91 764
90 413
88 748
86 877
84 732
82 105
78 650
74 189
67 941
59 954
49 617
37 233
3 965
1 535
582
439
719
996
1 352
1 665
1 870
2 145
2 627
3 455
4 461
6 248
7 988
10 337
12 384
37 233
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.03097
0.00360
0.00101
0.00076
0.00114
0.00151
0.00189
0.00238
0.00302
0.00369
0.00453
0.00588
0.00837
0.01197
0.01821
0.02745
0.04187
0.12197
0.03020
0.01428
0.00503
0.00380
0.00569
0.00754
0.00942
0.01182
0.01501
0.01827
0.02240
0.02896
0.04099
0.05811
0.08708
0.12842
0.18951
1.00000
100 000
96 980
95 595
95 114
94 753
94 214
93 503
92 622
91 528
90 154
88 507
86 524
84 018
80 575
75 893
69 284
60 386
48 942
3 020
1 385
481
361
539
710
881
1 094
1 373
1 648
1 982
2 506
3 444
4 682
6 609
8 898
11 444
48 942
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
157
Mortality

2000-2005
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
97 112
382 383
473 884
471 530
468 857
464 895
459 458
452 445
444 179
434 712
423 360
408 772
389 627
363 545
328 602
283 209
226 360
288 046
0.95899 a
0.98830 b
0.99503
0.99433
0.99155
0.98831
0.98474
0.98173
0.97869
0.97389
0.96554
0.95316
0.93306
0.90388
0.86186
0.79927
0.55996 c

6 860 978
6 763 866
6 381 482
5 907 598
5 436 069
4 967 212
4 502 317
4 042 858
3 590 413
3 146 234
2 711 522
2 288 162
1 879 389
1 489 762
1 126 217
797 615
514 407
288 046
68.61
70.13
67.14
62.51
57.77
53.16
48.66
44.30
40.02
35.77
31.56
27.43
23.47
19.66
16.17
12.91
9.99
7.38
97 787
386 161
479 150
477 201
475 115
472 218
468 523
463 926
458 168
451 095
442 558
431 949
417 822
398 437
371 356
333 898
284 240
434 349
0.96790 a
0.99008 b
0.99593
0.99563
0.99390
0.99217
0.99019
0.98759
0.98456
0.98108
0.97603
0.96729
0.95360
0.93203
0.89913
0.85128
0.60445 c

7 343 954
7 246 167
6 860 005
6 380 855
5 903 655
5 428 539
4 956 321
4 487 798
4 023 872
3 565 704
3 114 609
2 672 051
2 240 101
1 822 279
1 423 843
1 052 487
718 589
434 349
73.44
74.45
71.42
66.74
61.97
57.28
52.66
48.10
43.61
39.19
34.82
30.51
26.29
22.24
18.38
14.80
11.50
8.48
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.03656
0.00367
0.00113
0.00086
0.00142
0.00198
0.00273
0.00343
0.00395
0.00467
0.00593
0.00814
0.01112
0.01678
0.02397
0.03630
0.05504
0.13554
0.03550
0.01457
0.00565
0.00429
0.00705
0.00986
0.01355
0.01700
0.01956
0.02310
0.02920
0.03987
0.05409
0.08053
0.11307
0.16640
0.24191
1.00000
100 000
96 450
95 045
94 509
94 103
93 439
92 519
91 265
89 713
87 958
85 927
83 417
80 092
75 759
69 659
61 782
51 501
39 043
3 550
1 405
537
405
664
921
1 254
1 551
1 755
2 032
2 509
3 326
4 332
6 101
7 877
10 281
12 459
39 043
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.02730
0.00331
0.00093
0.00070
0.00105
0.00140
0.00175
0.00220
0.00280
0.00343
0.00422
0.00550
0.00784
0.01124
0.01711
0.02584
0.03953
0.11795
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
158
0.02670
0.01312
0.00464
0.00350
0.00525
0.00695
0.00870
0.01093
0.01391
0.01699
0.02089
0.02711
0.03845
0.05466
0.08205
0.12136
0.17986
1.00000
100 000
97 330
96 053
95 607
95 273
94 773
94 114
93 295
92 275
90 992
89 446
87 577
85 203
81 926
77 448
71 094
62 466
51 230
2 670
1 277
445
334
500
659
819
1 020
1 283
1 546
1 869
2 375
3 276
4 478
6 355
8 628
11 235
51 230
Mortalidad

2005-2010
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
97 389
384 198
476 473
474 312
471 855
468 209
463 192
456 697
448 991
440 088
429 307
415 334
396 838
371 459
337 191
292 268
235 456
308 657
0.96317 a
0.98938 b
0.99546
0.99482
0.99227
0.98929
0.98598
0.98313
0.98017
0.97550
0.96745
0.95547
0.93605
0.90775
0.86677
0.80562
0.56727 c

6 967 913
6 870 524
6 486 327
6 009 854
5 535 542
5 063 687
4 595 479
4 132 286
3 675 589
3 226 599
2 786 511
2 357 204
1 941 870
1 545 031
1 173 572
836 382
544 113
308 657
69.68
70.96
67.89
63.23
58.47
53.83
49.30
44.89
40.56
36.26
32.01
27.84
23.84
20.00
16.46
13.16
10.20
7.56
98 032
387 677
481 302
479 504
477 578
474 901
471 479
467 212
461 853
455 247
447 235
437 226
423 833
405 367
379 432
343 308
294 915
467 861
0.97142 a
0.99093 b
0.99626
0.99598
0.99439
0.99279
0.99095
0.98853
0.98570
0.98240
0.97762
0.96937
0.95643
0.93602
0.90479
0.85904
0.61337 c

7 453 961
7 355 930
6 968 253
6 486 951
6 007 447
5 529 869
5 054 968
4 583 489
4 116 277
3 654 423
3 199 177
2 751 942
2 314 717
1 890 884
1 485 516
1 106 084
762 776
467 861
74.54
75.34
72.24
67.53
62.74
58.04
53.39
48.80
44.28
39.82
35.42
31.07
26.81
22.72
18.82
15.19
11.83
8.75
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.03265
0.00333
0.00103
0.00079
0.00129
0.00181
0.00250
0.00315
0.00366
0.00436
0.00557
0.00770
0.01059
0.01602
0.02301
0.03494
0.05315
0.13230
0.03180
0.01321
0.00515
0.00392
0.00645
0.00902
0.01242
0.01564
0.01812
0.02157
0.02749
0.03775
0.05158
0.07700
0.10878
0.16065
0.23457
1.00000
100 000
96 820
95 541
95 049
94 676
94 066
93 218
92 059
90 619
88 977
87 058
84 665
81 469
77 267
71 317
63 559
53 348
40 834
3 180
1 279
492
372
610
848
1 158
1 440
1 642
1 919
2 393
3 196
4 202
5 949
7 758
10 211
12 514
40 834
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.02407
0.00303
0.00085
0.00064
0.00097
0.00128
0.00161
0.00203
0.00259
0.00318
0.00393
0.00514
0.00734
0.01055
0.01607
0.02432
0.03732
0.11431
0.02360
0.01203
0.00426
0.00321
0.00482
0.00640
0.00802
0.01009
0.01287
0.01576
0.01946
0.02535
0.03604
0.05137
0.07727
0.11465
0.17068
1.00000
100 000
97 640
96 466
96 055
95 746
95 285
94 675
93 916
92 969
91 773
90 326
88 568
86 322
83 211
78 936
72 837
64 486
53 480
2 360
1 174
411
309
462
609
759
948
1 196
1 447
1 758
2 246
3 111
4 275
6 099
8 351
11 007
53 480
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
159
Mortality

2010-2015
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
97 649
385 859
478 850
476 867
474 609
471 253
466 625
460 607
453 421
445 042
434 796
421 399
403 516
378 807
345 193
300 750
244 027
328 667
0.96702 a
0.99037 b
0.99586
0.99526
0.99293
0.99018
0.98710
0.98440
0.98152
0.97698
0.96919
0.95756
0.93877
0.91126
0.87125
0.81140
0.57390 c

7 067 935
6 970 287
6 584 428
6 105 578
5 628 711
5 154 103
4 682 850
4 216 225
3 755 617
3 302 196
2 857 154
2 422 359
2 000 959
1 597 443
1 218 636
873 443
572 693
328 667
70.68
71.74
68.59
63.90
59.12
54.46
49.89
45.44
41.07
36.73
32.43
28.23
24.18
20.31
16.73
13.39
10.40
7.73
98 263
389 087
483 303
481 643
479 864
477 388
474 218
470 255
465 264
459 088
451 563
442 110
429 403
411 800
386 949
352 103
304 959
500 644
0.97470 a
0.99170 b
0.99657
0.99631
0.99484
0.99336
0.99164
0.98939
0.98673
0.98361
0.97907
0.97126
0.95901
0.93965
0.90995
0.86611
0.62145 c

7 557 907
7 459 644
7 070 558
6 587 255
6 105 612
5 625 747
5 148 359
4 674 141
4 203 885
3 738 621
3 279 532
2 827 970
2 385 859
1 956 456
1 544 655
1 157 706
805 603
500 644
75.58
76.17
73.01
68.28
63.48
58.75
54.08
49.47
44.91
40.42
35.98
31.60
27.31
23.18
19.23
15.55
12.14
9.00
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.02908
0.00302
0.00094
0.00072
0.00118
0.00166
0.00229
0.00290
0.00339
0.00408
0.00525
0.00730
0.01011
0.01532
0.02214
0.03370
0.05144
0.12940
0.02840
0.01198
0.00470
0.00358
0.00589
0.00825
0.01140
0.01441
0.01681
0.02018
0.02593
0.03582
0.04930
0.07379
0.10488
0.15542
0.22790
1.00000
100 000
97 160
95 996
95 544
95 202
94 641
93 860
92 790
91 453
89 915
88 101
85 817
82 743
78 664
72 859
65 218
55 082
42 529
2 840
1 164
451
342
561
781
1 070
1 337
1 537
1 814
2 284
3 074
4 079
5 804
7 641
10 136
12 553
42 529
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.02107
0.00278
0.00078
0.00059
0.00089
0.00118
0.00148
0.00187
0.00240
0.00295
0.00367
0.00481
0.00689
0.00992
0.01514
0.02295
0.03533
0.11107
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
160
0.02070
0.01103
0.00391
0.00295
0.00443
0.00589
0.00740
0.00932
0.01192
0.01465
0.01816
0.02375
0.03385
0.04839
0.07292
0.10854
0.16233
1.00000
100 000
97 930
96 850
96 471
96 186
95 760
95 196
94 492
93 611
92 495
91 140
89 485
87 359
84 402
80 318
74 462
66 380
55 604
2 070
1 080
379
285
426
564
704
881
1 115
1 355
1 655
2 126
2 957
4 084
5 857
8 082
10 776
55 604
Mortalidad

2015-2020
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
97 914
387 485
481 154
479 330
477 250
474 155
469 875
464 287
457 568
449 661
439 898
427 025
409 699
385 603
352 593
308 601
251 985
347 871
0.97080 a
0.99126 b
0.99621
0.99566
0.99351
0.99097
0.98811
0.98553
0.98272
0.97829
0.97074
0.95943
0.94119
0.91439
0.87523
0.81654
0.57992 c

7 161 954
7 064 041
6 676 556
6 195 402
5 716 072
5 238 822
4 764 667
4 294 792
3 830 506
3 372 938
2 923 276
2 483 378
2 056 353
1 646 654
1 261 051
908 458
599 857
347 871
71.62
72.45
69.23
64.52
59.72
55.03
50.44
45.94
41.53
37.15
32.82
28.58
24.50
20.59
16.98
13.61
10.58
7.89
98 498
390 470
485 251
483 716
482 071
479 778
476 836
473 149
468 493
462 709
455 627
446 685
434 607
417 800
393 955
360 310
314 367
532 607
0.97794 a
0.99240 b
0.99684
0.99660
0.99524
0.99387
0.99227
0.99016
0.98766
0.98469
0.98037
0.97296
0.96133
0.94293
0.91460
0.87249
0.62884 c

7 656 931
7 558 433
7 167 963
6 682 712
6 198 995
5 716 924
5 237 147
4 760 311
4 287 162
3 818 669
3 355 960
2 900 332
2 453 647
2 019 040
1 601 240
1 207 285
846 974
532 607
76.57
76.95
73.73
68.98
64.16
59.42
54.73
50.09
45.50
40.98
36.52
32.10
27.78
23.61
19.62
15.89
12.43
9.25
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.02553
0.00274
0.00086
0.00066
0.00108
0.00152
0.00211
0.00268
0.00315
0.00382
0.00497
0.00694
0.00968
0.01471
0.02136
0.03261
0.04993
0.12679
0.02500
0.01089
0.00430
0.00328
0.00540
0.00758
0.01049
0.01331
0.01564
0.01894
0.02454
0.03411
0.04727
0.07093
0.10140
0.15077
0.22196
1.00000
100 000
97 500
96 438
96 024
95 708
95 192
94 470
93 480
92 235
90 792
89 072
86 887
83 923
79 956
74 285
66 752
56 688
44 106
2 500
1 062
415
315
517
721
991
1 244
1 443
1 720
2 186
2 964
3 967
5 672
7 533
10 064
12 582
44 106
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01807
0.00255
0.00072
0.00054
0.00082
0.00109
0.00137
0.00173
0.00222
0.00275
0.00343
0.00451
0.00648
0.00935
0.01429
0.02172
0.03356
0.10814
0.01780
0.01013
0.00360
0.00272
0.00408
0.00543
0.00684
0.00863
0.01106
0.01364
0.01699
0.02231
0.03187
0.04570
0.06899
0.10303
0.15480
1.00000
100 000
98 220
97 225
96 875
96 611
96 217
95 694
95 040
94 220
93 178
91 906
90 345
88 329
85 514
81 606
75 976
68 148
57 599
1 780
995
350
264
395
523
654
820
1 042
1 271
1 561
2 016
2 815
3 908
5 630
7 828
10 550
57 599
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
161
Mortality
MXICO: TABLAS ABREVIADAS DE MORTALIDAD

MEXICO: ABRIDGED LIFE TABLES
1980-1985
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
95 918
375 881
467 119
465 037
461 841
456 019
447 781
438 033
427 283
415 069
400 252
381 355
356 775
325 007
285 025
236 928
182 774
225 856
0.94360 a
0.99008 b
0.99554
0.99313
0.98739
0.98193
0.97823
0.97546
0.97142
0.96430
0.95279
0.93555
0.91096
0.87698
0.83125
0.77143
0.55272 c

6 443 954
6 348 036
5 972 156
5 505 037
5 040 000
4 578 159
4 122 140
3 674 359
3 236 326
2 809 042
2 393 973
1 993 721
1 612 366
1 255 591
930 583
645 558
408 630
225 856
64.44
67.02
63.78
59.06
54.30
49.80
45.56
41.46
37.38
33.31
29.30
25.43
21.75
18.31
15.15
12.28
9.69
7.30
96 923
380 890
473 809
472 335
470 734
468 426
465 367
461 495
456 587
450 144
441 351
429 006
411 465
386 643
352 212
306 220
248 373
344 009
0.95563 a
0.99162 b
0.99689
0.99661
0.99510
0.99347
0.99168
0.98936
0.98589
0.98047
0.97203
0.95911
0.93967
0.91095
0.86942
0.81109
0.58072 c

7 115 990
7 019 067
6 638 177
6 164 368
5 692 033
5 221 299
4 752 873
4 287 506
3 826 011
3 369 424
2 919 280
2 477 929
2 048 923
1 637 457
1 250 814
898 602
592 382
344 009
71.16
73.19
69.93
65.17
60.34
55.57
50.88
46.24
41.65
37.12
32.69
28.40
24.29
20.41
16.81
13.52
10.57
7.94
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.05513
0.00285
0.00094
0.00085
0.00191
0.00317
0.00413
0.00468
0.00527
0.00635
0.00823
0.01119
0.01560
0.02197
0.03105
0.04385
0.06168
0.13689
0.05288
0.01129
0.00467
0.00424
0.00952
0.01572
0.02045
0.02312
0.02600
0.03124
0.04030
0.05442
0.07506
0.10415
0.14408
0.19757
0.26720
1.00000
100 000
94 712
93 643
93 205
92 810
91 926
90 481
88 631
86 582
84 331
81 697
78 404
74 138
68 572
61 430
52 580
42 191
30 918
5 288
1 069
438
395
883
1 445
1 850
2 049
2 251
2 634
3 292
4 267
5 565
7 142
8 851
10 388
11 273
30 918
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.04221
0.00257
0.00071
0.00054
0.00082
0.00114
0.00148
0.00186
0.00242
0.00327
0.00463
0.00675
0.01002
0.01502
0.02261
0.03407
0.05116
0.12593
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
162
0.04091
0.01020
0.00354
0.00268
0.00411
0.00570
0.00737
0.00928
0.01201
0.01624
0.02288
0.03318
0.04886
0.07238
0.10702
0.15696
0.22679
1.00000
100 000
95 909
94 930
94 594
94 340
93 953
93 417
92 729
91 869
90 766
89 292
87 249
84 354
80 232
74 425
66 460
56 028
43 321
4 091
978
336
253
387
536
688
861
1 103
1 474
2 043
2 895
4 122
5 807
7 965
10 432
12 707
43 321
Mortalidad

1985-1990
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
96 700
380 051
472 642
470 972
468 329
463 486
456 614
448 416
439 245
428 610
415 399
398 134
375 124
344 641
305 284
256 666
200 416
255 266
0.95350 a
0.99138 b
0.99647
0.99439
0.98966
0.98517
0.98205
0.97955
0.97579
0.96918
0.95844
0.94221
0.91874
0.88580
0.84075
0.78084
0.56019 c

6 675 994
6 579 294
6 199 243
5 726 600
5 255 629
4 787 300
4 323 814
3 867 200
3 418 784
2 979 539
2 550 929
2 135 530
1 737 396
1 362 272
1 017 632
712 348
455 682
255 266
66.76
68.75
65.46
60.69
55.89
51.31
46.95
42.71
38.49
34.29
30.17
26.17
22.37
18.82
15.54
12.57
9.90
7.47
97 295
383 461
477 484
476 298
475 014
473 205
470 850
467 868
463 981
458 656
451 067
440 026
423 901
400 570
367 568
322 623
264 916
383 235
0.96151 a
0.99319 b
0.99752
0.99730
0.99619
0.99502
0.99367
0.99169
0.98852
0.98345
0.97552
0.96335
0.94496
0.91761
0.87772
0.82113
0.59127 c

7 298 016
7 200 721
6 817 260
6 339 776
5 863 479
5 388 465
4 915 260
4 444 410
3 976 542
3 512 561
3 053 905
2 602 838
2 162 812
1 738 911
1 338 341
970 774
648 151
383 235
72.98
74.69
71.29
66.48
61.62
56.81
52.05
47.33
42.65
38.03
33.52
29.14
24.95
20.98
17.30
13.93
10.91
8.23
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.04443
0.00264
0.00073
0.00068
0.00157
0.00259
0.00339
0.00386
0.00441
0.00541
0.00714
0.00989
0.01404
0.02010
0.02887
0.04143
0.05921
0.13378
0.04296
0.01047
0.00366
0.00341
0.00782
0.01288
0.01680
0.01913
0.02180
0.02667
0.03509
0.04827
0.06780
0.09571
0.13464
0.18770
0.25789
1.00000
100 000
95 704
94 702
94 355
94 033
93 298
92 096
90 549
88 817
86 881
84 563
81 596
77 657
72 392
65 464
56 650
46 017
34 149
4 296
1 002
347
322
735
1 202
1 547
1 732
1 937
2 317
2 967
3 939
5 265
6 928
8 814
10 633
11 867
34 149
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.03687
0.00204
0.00056
0.00043
0.00065
0.00088
0.00112
0.00143
0.00191
0.00271
0.00398
0.00596
0.00903
0.01374
0.02094
0.03187
0.04832
0.12155
0.03588
0.00810
0.00281
0.00216
0.00323
0.00439
0.00557
0.00710
0.00952
0.01345
0.01969
0.02936
0.04415
0.06643
0.09949
0.14759
0.21556
1.00000
100 000
96 412
95 631
95 363
95 157
94 849
94 433
93 907
93 240
92 352
91 110
89 317
86 694
82 866
77 362
69 665
59 384
46 583
3 588
781
268
206
308
416
526
667
888
1 242
1 794
2 623
3 827
5 505
7 696
10 282
12 801
46 583
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
163
Mortality

1990-1995
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
97 182
383 579
477 391
476 005
473 817
469 876
464 265
457 452
449 641
440 383
428 699
413 215
392 241
363 882
326 342
278 589
221 480
288 954
0.96152 a
0.99299 b
0.99710
0.99540
0.99168
0.98806
0.98533
0.98292
0.97941
0.97347
0.96388
0.94924
0.92770
0.89683
0.85367
0.79501
0.56609 c
0.00000
6 902 992
6 805 810
6 422 231
5 944 841
5 468 836
4 995 019
4 525 143
4 060 878
3 603 426
3 153 785
2 713 402
2 284 703
1 871 488
1 479 247
1 115 365
789 023
510 434
288 954
69.03
70.56
67.17
62.36
57.53
52.88
48.40
44.04
39.70
35.40
31.17
27.06
23.14
19.46
16.04
12.93
10.12
7.57
97 597
386 107
481 120
480 160
479 140
477 732
475 913
473 594
470 475
466 019
459 425
449 543
434 775
412 986
381 591
338 020
280 918
416 851
0.96741 a
0.99466 b
0.99800
0.99788
0.99706
0.99619
0.99513
0.99341
0.99053
0.98585
0.97849
0.96715
0.94988
0.92398
0.88582
0.83107
0.59741 c
0.00000
7 461 966
7 364 369
6 978 261
6 497 141
6 016 982
5 537 842
5 060 110
4 584 197
4 110 602
3 640 127
3 174 108
2 714 683
2 265 140
1 830 365
1 417 379
1 035 788
697 768
416 851
74.62
75.96
72.44
67.60
62.71
57.86
53.05
48.26
43.52
38.84
34.25
29.80
25.53
21.49
17.72
14.26
11.15
8.37
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.03653
0.00217
0.00059
0.00058
0.00127
0.00208
0.00273
0.00318
0.00371
0.00462
0.00616
0.00860
0.01233
0.01788
0.02607
0.03803
0.05531
0.13210
0.03550
0.00862
0.00293
0.00287
0.00632
0.01032
0.01358
0.01578
0.01839
0.02283
0.03032
0.04210
0.05980
0.08560
0.12238
0.17362
0.24295
1.00000
100 000
96 450
95 618
95 338
95 064
94 463
93 488
92 218
90 763
89 094
87 060
84 420
80 866
76 030
69 522
61 014
50 421
38 171
3 550
831
280
274
601
975
1 269
1 456
1 669
2 034
2 640
3 554
4 836
6 508
8 508
10 593
12 250
38 171
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.03130
0.00159
0.00045
0.00035
0.00050
0.00068
0.00085
0.00110
0.00154
0.00227
0.00344
0.00528
0.00813
0.01254
0.01933
0.02973
0.04553
0.11944
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
164
0.03055
0.00632
0.00225
0.00175
0.00250
0.00337
0.00424
0.00551
0.00767
0.01128
0.01705
0.02604
0.03985
0.06081
0.09221
0.13838
0.20439
1.00000
100 000
96 945
96 332
96 116
95 948
95 708
95 385
94 980
94 457
93 733
92 675
91 095
88 723
85 187
80 007
72 629
62 579
49 788
3 055
613
216
168
240
323
405
523
725
1 058
1 580
2 372
3 535
5 180
7 378
10 051
12 790
49 788
Mortalidad

1995-2000
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
97 422
386 450
481 416
480 193
478 362
475 243
470 781
465 181
458 498
450 398
440 134
426 547
408 048
382 654
348 189
302 856
246 411
327 168
0.96775 a
0.99492 b
0.99746
0.99619
0.99348
0.99061
0.98810
0.98563
0.98233
0.97721
0.96913
0.95663
0.93777
0.90993
0.86980
0.81362
0.57040 c
0.00000
7 125 952
7 028 529
6 642 079
6 160 662
5 680 469
5 202 107
4 726 864
4 256 083
3 790 902
3 332 404
2 882 007
2 441 873
2 015 326
1 607 278
1 224 623
876 435
573 579
327 168
71.26
72.48
68.90
64.06
59.23
54.51
49.93
45.45
41.02
36.63
32.31
28.11
24.06
20.23
16.64
13.34
10.34
7.59
97 883
388 813
484 739
483 946
483 140
482 042
480 598
478 725
476 127
472 297
466 487
457 617
444 137
423 924
394 297
352 408
296 361
443 448
0.97339 a
0.99598 b
0.99836
0.99833
0.99773
0.99701
0.99610
0.99457
0.99196
0.98770
0.98098
0.97054
0.95449
0.93011
0.89376
0.84096
0.59941 c
0.00000
7 606 990
7 509 107
7 120 294
6 635 555
6 151 609
5 668 469
5 186 428
4 705 829
4 227 104
3 750 976
3 278 679
2 812 192
2 354 575
1 910 438
1 486 514
1 092 217
739 809
443 448
76.07
77.01
73.38
68.51
63.60
58.72
53.87
49.04
44.25
39.52
34.88
30.37
26.03
21.91
18.05
14.49
11.28
8.38
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.03113
0.00146
0.00049
0.00052
0.00101
0.00161
0.00216
0.00263
0.00316
0.00397
0.00526
0.00731
0.01049
0.01536
0.02272
0.03376
0.05014
0.13175
0.03033
0.00582
0.00247
0.00261
0.00502
0.00803
0.01075
0.01305
0.01570
0.01967
0.02597
0.03590
0.05112
0.07394
0.10748
0.15564
0.22278
1.00000
100 000
96 967
96 402
96 164
95 913
95 432
94 665
93 647
92 425
90 974
89 185
86 869
83 750
79 469
73 593
65 683
55 460
43 105
3 033
565
238
251
481
767
1 018
1 222
1 451
1 789
2 316
3 118
4 281
5 876
7 910
10 223
12 355
43 105
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.02546
0.00121
0.00037
0.00029
0.00038
0.00053
0.00067
0.00089
0.00129
0.00195
0.00301
0.00469
0.00731
0.01141
0.01779
0.02765
0.04277
0.11937
0.02493
0.00482
0.00185
0.00143
0.00191
0.00264
0.00335
0.00445
0.00641
0.00969
0.01494
0.02316
0.03590
0.05548
0.08514
0.12930
0.19320
1.00000
100 000
97 507
97 037
96 858
96 720
96 536
96 281
95 959
95 532
94 919
93 999
92 595
90 451
87 204
82 366
75 353
65 610
52 934
2 493
470
179
138
184
255
322
427
612
920
1 404
2 144
3 248
4 838
7 013
9 743
12 676
52 934
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
165
Mortality

2000-2005
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
97 993
389 725
485 672
484 464
482 710
479 831
475 707
470 431
464 003
456 148
446 230
433 182
415 454
391 022
357 549
312 940
256 538
343 400
0.97544 a
0.99580 b
0.99751
0.99638
0.99404
0.99141
0.98891
0.98634
0.98307
0.97826
0.97076
0.95907
0.94119
0.91440
0.87524
0.81977
0.57239 c
0.00000
7 243 000
7 145 007
6 755 281
6 269 609
5 785 145
5 302 435
4 822 604
4 346 897
3 876 466
3 412 463
2 956 314
2 510 084
2 076 902
1 661 449
1 270 427
912 878
599 938
343 400
72.43
73.12
69.46
64.62
59.78
55.05
50.44
45.92
41.46
37.05
32.72
28.48
24.39
20.50
16.86
13.49
10.43
7.62
98 405
391 825
488 663
487 969
487 289
486 370
485 146
483 534
481 243
477 786
472 454
464 209
451 542
432 347
403 900
363 188
307 958
472 231
0.98046 a
0.99680 b
0.99858
0.99860
0.99812
0.99748
0.99668
0.99526
0.99282
0.98884
0.98255
0.97271
0.95749
0.93420
0.89920
0.84793
0.60528 c
0.00000
7 736 059
7 637 654
7 245 829
6 757 166
6 269 197
5 781 908
5 295 538
4 810 392
4 326 858
3 845 615
3 367 829
2 895 375
2 431 166
1 979 624
1 547 277
1 143 377
780 189
472 231
77.36
77.78
74.08
69.19
64.28
59.37
54.50
49.65
44.83
40.07
35.40
30.85
26.47
22.30
18.38
14.77
11.49
8.54
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.02334
0.00119
0.00047
0.00052
0.00093
0.00147
0.00199
0.00248
0.00303
0.00381
0.00500
0.00690
0.00988
0.01450
0.02159
0.03235
0.04848
0.13130
0.02287
0.00475
0.00236
0.00262
0.00463
0.00731
0.00989
0.01231
0.01504
0.01885
0.02470
0.03390
0.04819
0.06996
0.10243
0.14965
0.21619
1.00000
100 000
97 713
97 249
97 020
96 766
96 318
95 614
94 669
93 504
92 098
90 362
88 130
85 142
81 039
75 370
67 650
57 526
45 089
2 287
464
229
254
448
704
945
1 165
1 406
1 736
2 232
2 988
4 103
5 669
7 720
10 124
12 437
45 089
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01831
0.00099
0.00032
0.00025
0.00031
0.00044
0.00057
0.00077
0.00113
0.00175
0.00274
0.00431
0.00679
0.01067
0.01675
0.02621
0.04082
0.11712
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
166
0.01802
0.00394
0.00161
0.00123
0.00156
0.00221
0.00282
0.00382
0.00565
0.00872
0.01362
0.02133
0.03337
0.05197
0.08038
0.12300
0.18521
1.00000
100 000
98 198
97 811
97 654
97 534
97 382
97 166
96 892
96 521
95 976
95 139
93 843
91 841
88 776
84 163
77 398
67 877
55 306
1 802
387
157
120
152
215
274
371
546
837
1 296
2 002
3 064
4 614
6 765
9 520
12 572
55 306
Mortalidad

2005-2010
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
98 357
391 588
488 181
487 126
485 601
483 099
479 502
474 859
469 132
462 027
452 911
440 739
423 985
400 625
368 251
324 557
268 457
374 922
0.97989 a
0.99640 b
0.99784
0.99687
0.99485
0.99255
0.99032
0.98794
0.98485
0.98027
0.97312
0.96199
0.94490
0.91919
0.88135
0.82715
0.58274 c
0.00000
7 373 920
7 275 563
6 883 975
6 395 794
5 908 668
5 423 067
4 939 968
4 460 466
3 985 606
3 516 474
3 054 447
2 601 536
2 160 798
1 736 812
1 336 187
967 936
643 379
374 922
73.74
74.14
70.43
65.57
60.72
55.95
51.29
46.71
42.19
37.73
33.34
29.05
24.91
20.96
17.26
13.85
10.74
7.90
98 709
393 332
490 662
490 043
489 434
488 608
487 501
486 034
483 941
480 777
475 891
468 325
456 682
438 980
412 605
374 517
322 087
522 785
0.98408 a
0.99720 b
0.99874
0.99876
0.99831
0.99773
0.99699
0.99569
0.99346
0.98984
0.98410
0.97514
0.96124
0.93992
0.90769
0.86001
0.61877 c
0.00000
7 860 913
7 762 205
7 368 872
6 878 211
6 388 168
5 898 734
5 410 126
4 922 625
4 436 591
3 952 649
3 471 872
2 995 981
2 527 656
2 070 974
1 631 994
1 219 389
844 872
522 785
78.61
78.77
75.04
70.14
65.22
60.30
55.42
50.55
45.72
40.94
36.25
31.68
27.25
23.03
19.05
15.36
12.00
8.95
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01896
0.00102
0.00041
0.00045
0.00080
0.00127
0.00172
0.00217
0.00269
0.00342
0.00456
0.00636
0.00919
0.01359
0.02037
0.03073
0.04643
0.12658
0.01865
0.00406
0.00206
0.00226
0.00400
0.00631
0.00859
0.01079
0.01335
0.01697
0.02254
0.03131
0.04493
0.06574
0.09694
0.14270
0.20802
1.00000
100 000
98 135
97 737
97 536
97 315
96 926
96 314
95 487
94 457
93 196
91 615
89 550
86 746
82 848
77 402
69 899
59 924
47 459
1 865
398
201
221
389
612
827
1 030
1 261
1 581
2 065
2 804
3 898
5 446
7 503
9 975
12 465
47 459
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01475
0.00087
0.00029
0.00022
0.00028
0.00040
0.00051
0.00070
0.00103
0.00159
0.00250
0.00392
0.00617
0.00971
0.01524
0.02389
0.03734
0.11172
0.01456
0.00347
0.00143
0.00109
0.00139
0.00198
0.00255
0.00347
0.00514
0.00794
0.01241
0.01943
0.03040
0.04738
0.07341
0.11271
0.17075
1.00000
100 000
98 544
98 202
98 062
97 955
97 819
97 625
97 376
97 038
96 539
95 772
94 584
92 746
89 927
85 666
79 377
70 430
58 405
1 456
342
140
107
136
194
249
338
499
766
1 188
1 838
2 819
4 261
6 289
8 946
12 026
58 405
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
167
Mortality

2010-2015
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
98 639
393 032
490 144
489 219
487 889
485 709
482 560
478 458
473 332
466 872
458 449
447 039
431 139
408 729
377 347
334 511
278 765
403 114
0.98334 a
0.99689 b
0.99811
0.99728
0.99553
0.99352
0.99150
0.98929
0.98635
0.98196
0.97511
0.96443
0.94802
0.92322
0.88648
0.83335
0.59118 c
0.00000
7 484 947
7 386 308
6 993 275
6 503 132
6 013 913
5 526 023
5 040 315
4 557 755
4 079 296
3 605 964
3 139 093
2 680 643
2 233 604
1 802 465
1 393 736
1 016 390
681 879
403 114
74.85
75.02
71.27
66.40
61.53
56.73
52.03
47.40
42.83
38.32
33.88
29.55
25.36
21.36
17.62
14.15
11.00
8.14
98 940
394 486
492 202
491 646
491 096
490 349
489 341
487 995
486 069
483 151
478 640
471 649
460 872
444 444
419 849
384 054
334 146
568 012
0.98685 a
0.99752 b
0.99887
0.99888
0.99848
0.99794
0.99725
0.99605
0.99400
0.99066
0.98539
0.97715
0.96435
0.94466
0.91474
0.87005
0.62961 c
0.00000
7 966 942
7 868 002
7 473 516
6 981 315
6 489 669
5 998 572
5 508 224
5 018 883
4 530 888
4 044 819
3 561 668
3 083 028
2 611 379
2 150 506
1 706 063
1 286 213
902 159
568 012
79.67
79.63
75.87
70.96
66.03
61.11
56.22
51.34
46.50
41.71
36.99
32.39
27.94
23.67
19.63
15.87
12.43
9.30
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01561
0.00087
0.00036
0.00039
0.00069
0.00110
0.00150
0.00191
0.00240
0.00310
0.00419
0.00591
0.00862
0.01284
0.01936
0.02938
0.04473
0.12284
0.01540
0.00348
0.00180
0.00197
0.00347
0.00547
0.00750
0.00951
0.01193
0.01539
0.02073
0.02913
0.04219
0.06220
0.09233
0.13686
0.20116
1.00000
100 000
98 460
98 117
97 940
97 747
97 408
96 875
96 149
95 234
94 098
92 650
90 729
88 086
84 370
79 122
71 817
61 988
49 518
1 540
343
177
193
339
533
726
915
1 136
1 448
1 921
2 643
3 717
5 248
7 305
9 829
12 469
49 518
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01206
0.00077
0.00026
0.00020
0.00025
0.00036
0.00046
0.00064
0.00095
0.00146
0.00229
0.00360
0.00567
0.00891
0.01400
0.02198
0.03448
0.10751
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
168
0.01193
0.00307
0.00128
0.00098
0.00125
0.00179
0.00232
0.00318
0.00472
0.00729
0.01140
0.01785
0.02794
0.04358
0.06763
0.10416
0.15874
1.00000
100 000
98 807
98 503
98 377
98 281
98 158
97 982
97 754
97 444
96 984
96 277
95 179
93 480
90 869
86 909
81 031
72 591
61 068
1 193
304
126
97
123
176
228
311
460
707
1 097
1 699
2 611
3 960
5 878
8 440
11 523
61 068
Mortalidad

2015-2020
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
98 856
394 146
491 672
490 856
489 690
487 779
485 008
481 362
476 743
470 829
462 997
452 238
437 073
415 487
384 977
342 919
287 540
427 790
0.98600 a
0.99730 b
0.99834
0.99762
0.99610
0.99432
0.99248
0.99040
0.98760
0.98336
0.97676
0.96647
0.95061
0.92657
0.89075
0.83851
0.59803 c
0.00000
7 577 964
7 479 108
7 084 962
6 593 291
6 102 434
5 612 744
5 124 965
4 639 957
4 158 594
3 681 851
3 211 022
2 748 025
2 295 787
1 858 713
1 443 226
1 058 249
715 330
427 790
75.78
75.77
71.99
67.10
62.21
57.40
52.66
47.99
43.38
38.82
34.34
29.97
25.74
21.71
17.91
14.41
11.22
8.34
99 118
395 371
493 390
492 885
492 385
491 701
490 773
489 528
487 737
485 021
480 817
474 297
464 233
448 857
425 745
391 883
344 151
607 071
0.98898 a
0.99778 b
0.99898
0.99898
0.99861
0.99811
0.99746
0.99634
0.99443
0.99133
0.98644
0.97878
0.96688
0.94851
0.92046
0.87820
0.63820 c
0.00000
8 054 963
7 955 846
7 560 475
7 067 085
6 574 199
6 081 814
5 590 113
5 099 340
4 609 813
4 122 075
3 637 054
3 156 237
2 681 940
2 217 706
1 768 850
1 343 105
951 222
607 071
80.55
80.36
76.57
71.66
66.72
61.79
56.89
52.01
47.15
42.35
37.62
33.00
28.51
24.20
20.12
16.30
12.79
9.59
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01306
0.00075
0.00032
0.00035
0.00061
0.00096
0.00132
0.00170
0.00216
0.00284
0.00388
0.00554
0.00815
0.01221
0.01852
0.02827
0.04332
0.11987
0.01291
0.00300
0.00159
0.00172
0.00303
0.00478
0.00659
0.00845
0.01075
0.01408
0.01923
0.02732
0.03992
0.05926
0.08850
0.13201
0.19545
1.00000
100 000
98 709
98 413
98 256
98 087
97 790
97 322
96 681
95 864
94 833
93 498
91 700
89 195
85 635
80 560
73 431
63 737
51 279
1 291
296
157
169
297
467
641
817
1 031
1 335
1 798
2 506
3 560
5 074
7 130
9 694
12 458
51 279
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01001
0.00069
0.00023
0.00018
0.00023
0.00033
0.00043
0.00059
0.00088
0.00136
0.00213
0.00334
0.00526
0.00827
0.01300
0.02044
0.03220
0.10425
0.00992
0.00276
0.00116
0.00089
0.00114
0.00164
0.00214
0.00294
0.00438
0.00677
0.01058
0.01657
0.02594
0.04050
0.06295
0.09724
0.14901
1.00000
100 000
99 008
98 735
98 621
98 533
98 421
98 260
98 050
97 761
97 334
96 675
95 652
94 067
91 627
87 916
82 382
74 371
63 289
992
273
114
88
113
161
210
288
428
659
1 023
1 585
2 440
3 711
5 534
8 011
11 082
63 289
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
169
Mortality
Cuadro 25/ Table 25
NICARAGUA: TABLAS ABREVIADAS DE MORTALIDAD

NICARAGUA: ABRIDGED LIFE TABLES
1980-1985
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
93 911
354 391
433 468
428 846
421 548
409 929
398 550
388 533
378 208
366 472
352 452
335 046
312 389
282 075
242 474
192 222
133 676
121 823
0.89660 a
0.96691 b
0.98934
0.98298
0.97244
0.97224
0.97486
0.97343
0.96897
0.96174
0.95061
0.93238
0.90296
0.85961
0.79275
0.69542
0.47680 c
0.00000
5 646 012
5 552 101
5 197 710
4 764 242
4 335 396
3 913 848
3 503 920
3 105 370
2 716 837
2 338 629
1 972 157
1 619 705
1 284 659
972 270
690 196
447 721
255 499
121 823
56.46
60.84
59.59
55.29
50.78
47.02
43.41
39.46
35.41
31.36
27.38
23.49
19.75
16.23
13.04
10.16
7.78
5.90
94 823
362 248
444 647
441 030
437 423
432 460
426 583
420 143
412 728
403 718
392 403
377 638
357 836
331 064
294 706
245 258
185 093
201 199
0.91414 a
0.97282 b
0.99186
0.99182
0.98865
0.98641
0.98490
0.98235
0.97817
0.97197
0.96237
0.94756
0.92519
0.89018
0.83221
0.75469
0.52085 c
0.00000
6 261 000
6 166 177
5 803 929
5 359 281
4 918 251
4 480 828
4 048 368
3 621 785
3 201 642
2 788 915
2 385 197
1 992 794
1 615 156
1 257 320
926 256
631 550
386 292
201 199
62.61
66.43
64.95
60.55
55.95
51.47
47.12
42.76
38.41
34.12
29.91
25.81
21.87
18.14
14.67
11.53
8.91
6.56
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.09317
0.01137
0.00244
0.00184
0.00505
0.00615
0.00510
0.00508
0.00570
0.00693
0.00870
0.01162
0.01654
0.02467
0.03663
0.05836
0.09127
0.16939
0.08750
0.04414
0.01212
0.00918
0.02493
0.03027
0.02516
0.02510
0.02808
0.03407
0.04260
0.05648
0.07943
0.11617
0.16780
0.25465
0.37156
1.00000
100 000
91 250
87 222
86 165
85 374
83 246
80 726
78 694
76 719
74 564
72 024
68 956
65 062
59 894
52 936
44 054
32 835
20 635
8 750
4 028
1 057
791
2 128
2 520
2 031
1 976
2 154
2 540
3 068
3 894
5 168
6 958
8 882
11 218
12 200
20 635
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.07564
0.00958
0.00192
0.00135
0.00194
0.00263
0.00285
0.00324
0.00389
0.00495
0.00644
0.00895
0.01269
0.01862
0.02843
0.04649
0.06842
0.15252
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
170
0.07172
0.03740
0.00955
0.00671
0.00966
0.01305
0.01414
0.01606
0.01926
0.02445
0.03170
0.04375
0.06152
0.08898
0.13270
0.20825
0.29212
1.00000
100 000
92 828
89 356
88 503
87 909
87 060
85 924
84 709
83 348
81 743
79 744
77 217
73 838
69 296
63 130
54 753
43 351
30 687
7 172
3 472
854
593
849
1 136
1 215
1 361
1 605
1 998
2 528
3 378
4 543
6 166
8 377
11 402
12 664
30 687
Mortalidad

1985-1990
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
94 748
364 493
448 730
445 040
438 239
426 359
414 637
404 597
394 415
382 897
369 395
352 614
330 288
299 748
258 644
205 222
141 409
128 509
0.91848 a
0.97711 b
0.99178
0.98472
0.97289
0.97251
0.97579
0.97483
0.97080
0.96474
0.95457
0.93668
0.90754
0.86287
0.79345
0.68906
0.47610 c
0.00000
5 899 986
5 805 238
5 440 745
4 992 014
4 546 974
4 108 735
3 682 376
3 267 739
2 863 142
2 468 727
2 085 829
1 716 434
1 363 820
1 033 532
733 784
475 140
269 918
128 509
59.00
62.54
60.32
55.90
51.25
47.46
43.86
39.90
35.81
31.73
27.68
23.70
19.87
16.28
13.01
10.10
7.70
5.97
95 580
370 704
457 139
453 886
450 891
446 993
442 309
436 900
430 527
422 694
412 655
399 044
379 940
353 037
315 770
264 947
200 174
216 799
0.93257 a
0.98039 b
0.99288
0.99340
0.99136
0.98952
0.98777
0.98541
0.98181
0.97625
0.96702
0.95212
0.92919
0.89444
0.83905
0.75553
0.51993 c
0.00000
6 549 988
6 454 408
6 083 704
5 626 565
5 172 679
4 721 788
4 274 795
3 832 486
3 395 586
2 965 059
2 542 365
2 129 711
1 730 667
1 350 727
997 690
681 920
416 973
216 799
65.50
68.51
66.25
61.81
57.14
52.56
48.05
43.57
39.12
34.72
30.39
26.17
22.12
18.31
14.79
11.59
8.85
6.58
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.07579
0.00720
0.00200
0.00130
0.00488
0.00613
0.00501
0.00479
0.00541
0.00646
0.00792
0.01074
0.01558
0.02359
0.03623
0.05847
0.09565
0.16745
0.07181
0.02828
0.00993
0.00650
0.02412
0.03017
0.02473
0.02369
0.02668
0.03179
0.03885
0.05227
0.07497
0.11138
0.16610
0.25505
0.38597
1.00000
100 000
92 819
90 194
89 298
88 718
86 578
83 966
81 889
79 950
77 816
75 343
72 415
68 630
63 485
56 414
47 044
35 045
21 519
7 181
2 625
896
580
2 140
2 612
2 076
1 940
2 133
2 473
2 927
3 785
5 145
7 071
9 371
11 998
13 526
21 519
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.06051
0.00645
0.00174
0.00112
0.00153
0.00194
0.00227
0.00265
0.00323
0.00412
0.00551
0.00794
0.01177
0.01782
0.02729
0.04420
0.07092
0.15192
0.05784
0.02538
0.00866
0.00556
0.00764
0.00966
0.01131
0.01316
0.01603
0.02039
0.02718
0.03895
0.05717
0.08528
0.12774
0.19903
0.30121
1.00000
100 000
94 216
91 825
91 030
90 524
89 832
88 965
87 959
86 801
85 410
83 668
81 394
78 224
73 752
67 463
58 845
47 133
32 936
5 784
2 391
795
507
692
868
1 006
1 158
1 392
1 742
2 274
3 170
4 472
6 289
8 617
11 712
14 197
32 936
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
171
Mortality

1990-1995
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
95 674
374 676
464 228
461 986
458 342
451 767
443 768
435 039
424 964
412 746
397 847
379 293
355 289
323 991
283 562
233 220
174 796
181 798
0.94070 a
0.98698 b
0.99517
0.99211
0.98565
0.98229
0.98033
0.97684
0.97125
0.96390
0.95337
0.93671
0.91191
0.87521
0.82247
0.74949
0.50982 c
0.00000
6 352 985
6 257 311
5 882 635
5 418 407
4 956 421
4 498 079
4 046 312
3 602 545
3 167 506
2 742 542
2 329 796
1 931 949
1 552 655
1 197 366
873 375
589 814
356 594
181 798
63.53
66.13
63.19
58.52
53.76
49.36
45.17
40.97
36.80
32.69
28.69
24.79
21.05
17.52
14.26
11.31
8.67
6.31
96 528
380 085
471 672
469 671
467 409
464 265
460 534
456 033
450 357
442 849
432 491
417 993
397 912
369 969
331 831
282 159
221 605
256 623
0.95323 a
0.98963 b
0.99576
0.99518
0.99327
0.99196
0.99023
0.98755
0.98333
0.97661
0.96648
0.95196
0.92978
0.89692
0.85031
0.78539
0.53661 c
0.00000
6 869 985
6 773 457
6 393 372
5 921 700
5 452 029
4 984 621
4 520 356
4 059 822
3 603 789
3 153 431
2 710 583
2 278 092
1 860 099
1 462 187
1 092 218
760 387
478 228
256 623
68.70
70.70
67.60
62.93
58.14
53.49
48.86
44.27
39.73
35.26
30.90
26.71
22.71
18.93
15.44
12.26
9.40
6.79
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.05619
0.00407
0.00110
0.00084
0.00234
0.00345
0.00370
0.00425
0.00513
0.00656
0.00817
0.01099
0.01529
0.02187
0.03204
0.04739
0.07047
0.15842
0.05376
0.01610
0.00548
0.00418
0.01161
0.01711
0.01832
0.02105
0.02532
0.03227
0.04005
0.05349
0.07364
0.10370
0.14832
0.21184
0.29957
1.00000
100 000
94 624
93 101
92 591
92 204
91 133
89 574
87 933
86 082
83 903
81 195
77 943
73 774
68 342
61 255
52 170
41 118
28 800
5 376
1 524
510
387
1 071
1 559
1 641
1 851
2 179
2 708
3 252
4 169
5 433
7 087
9 085
11 052
12 318
28 800
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.04345
0.00325
0.00100
0.00070
0.00124
0.00146
0.00177
0.00216
0.00285
0.00388
0.00560
0.00808
0.01170
0.01762
0.02632
0.03946
0.05906
0.14721
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
172
0.04194
0.01289
0.00501
0.00347
0.00617
0.00729
0.00879
0.01076
0.01415
0.01923
0.02763
0.03958
0.05685
0.08440
0.12349
0.17958
0.25730
1.00000
100 000
95 806
94 571
94 097
93 771
93 192
92 514
91 700
90 713
89 430
87 710
85 286
81 911
77 254
70 734
61 999
50 865
37 777
4 194
1 235
474
326
579
679
814
987
1 284
1 720
2 424
3 376
4 657
6 520
8 735
11 134
13 088
37 777
Mortalidad

1995-2000
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
96 928
382 343
474 739
472 821
469 704
464 020
456 627
448 026
437 838
425 436
410 298
391 461
367 277
336 191
296 414
247 210
190 124
221 634
0.95854 a
0.99054 b
0.99596
0.99341
0.98790
0.98407
0.98117
0.97726
0.97167
0.96442
0.95409
0.93822
0.91536
0.88168
0.83400
0.76908
0.53826 c
0.00000
6 589 091
6 492 162
6 109 819
5 635 080
5 162 260
4 692 555
4 228 535
3 771 908
3 323 882
2 886 044
2 460 608
2 050 310
1 658 849
1 291 572
955 381
658 968
411 758
221 634
65.89
67.41
64.21
59.48
54.69
50.19
45.90
41.66
37.48
33.38
29.39
25.50
21.78
18.26
14.99
12.02
9.34
6.93
97 473
385 707
479 551
477 876
475 797
472 926
469 585
465 550
460 369
453 366
443 664
429 974
410 793
383 835
346 811
298 578
239 472
314 638
0.96636 a
0.99249 b
0.99651
0.99565
0.99396
0.99294
0.99141
0.98887
0.98479
0.97860
0.96914
0.95539
0.93437
0.90354
0.86092
0.80204
0.56783 c
0.00000
7 105 966
7 008 492
6 622 785
6 143 234
5 665 358
5 189 561
4 716 635
4 247 050
3 781 499
3 321 131
2 867 765
2 424 101
1 994 127
1 583 333
1 199 499
852 688
554 110
314 638
71.06
72.26
68.92
64.18
59.37
54.69
50.03
45.40
40.81
36.30
31.91
27.67
23.63
19.81
16.30
13.09
10.20
7.59
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.03805
0.00302
0.00088
0.00074
0.00191
0.00297
0.00346
0.00415
0.00506
0.00645
0.00807
0.01079
0.01483
0.02078
0.03011
0.04351
0.06352
0.14432
0.03688
0.01200
0.00438
0.00370
0.00949
0.01473
0.01715
0.02055
0.02498
0.03176
0.03953
0.05255
0.07152
0.09877
0.14001
0.19622
0.27409
1.00000
100 000
96 312
95 156
94 739
94 389
93 493
92 115
90 535
88 675
86 460
83 714
80 405
76 179
70 731
63 745
54 820
44 063
31 986
3 688
1 156
417
350
896
1 378
1 580
1 860
2 215
2 746
3 310
4 225
5 448
6 986
8 925
10 757
12 077
31 986
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.03089
0.00231
0.00079
0.00061
0.00114
0.00128
0.00155
0.00190
0.00258
0.00356
0.00511
0.00746
0.01086
0.01647
0.02448
0.03619
0.05361
0.13182
0.03011
0.00917
0.00395
0.00303
0.00567
0.00640
0.00773
0.00946
0.01281
0.01764
0.02522
0.03663
0.05289
0.07908
0.11533
0.16592
0.23636
1.00000
100 000
96 989
96 100
95 720
95 430
94 889
94 281
93 553
92 667
91 480
89 866
87 599
84 390
79 927
73 607
65 118
54 313
41 476
3 011
889
379
290
541
608
729
885
1 187
1 614
2 267
3 209
4 463
6 320
8 489
10 804
12 838
41 476
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
173
Mortality

2000-2005
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
97 427
386 517
481 202
479 492
476 184
470 177
462 591
453 849
443 587
431 507
417 089
399 218
376 497
347 834
311 330
265 733
211 306
285 435
0.96789 a
0.99433 b
0.99645
0.99310
0.98738
0.98387
0.98110
0.97739
0.97277
0.96659
0.95715
0.94309
0.92387
0.89505
0.85354
0.79518
0.57461 c
0.00000
6 796 974
6 699 546
6 313 029
5 831 827
5 352 336
4 876 152
4 405 975
3 943 384
3 489 535
3 045 948
2 614 442
2 197 353
1 798 135
1 421 638
1 073 804
762 474
496 741
285 435
67.97
69.06
65.48
60.70
55.91
51.47
47.21
43.00
38.85
34.77
30.76
26.85
23.10
19.54
16.18
13.11
10.32
7.85
98 075
389 499
485 135
483 750
481 840
479 290
476 434
473 030
468 593
462 460
454 074
442 148
424 988
400 326
365 957
320 701
264 122
411 549
0.97515 a
0.99500 b
0.99715
0.99605
0.99471
0.99404
0.99286
0.99062
0.98691
0.98186
0.97374
0.96119
0.94197
0.91415
0.87633
0.82358
0.60910 c
0.00000
7 381 970
7 283 895
6 894 396
6 409 260
5 925 510
5 443 670
4 964 380
4 487 946
4 014 916
3 546 323
3 083 862
2 629 789
2 187 641
1 762 654
1 362 328
996 371
675 670
411 549
73.82
74.54
70.95
66.15
61.33
56.63
51.93
47.25
42.61
38.05
33.60
29.27
25.14
21.24
17.66
14.39
11.44
8.83
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.03069
0.00155
0.00071
0.00071
0.00206
0.00302
0.00349
0.00415
0.00501
0.00605
0.00757
0.01000
0.01353
0.01831
0.02644
0.03766
0.05567
0.12745
0.02990
0.00617
0.00355
0.00356
0.01025
0.01500
0.01728
0.02054
0.02472
0.02981
0.03713
0.04879
0.06546
0.08755
0.12401
0.17208
0.24435
1.00000
100 000
97 010
96 412
96 069
95 727
94 746
93 325
91 712
89 828
87 607
84 996
81 840
77 847
72 751
66 382
58 150
48 143
36 379
2 990
598
342
342
981
1 422
1 613
1 884
2 221
2 611
3 156
3 993
5 096
6 369
8 232
10 007
11 764
36 379
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.02325
0.00141
0.00059
0.00055
0.00103
0.00109
0.00130
0.00157
0.00221
0.00307
0.00426
0.00641
0.00948
0.01458
0.02162
0.03178
0.04710
0.11324
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
174
0.02280
0.00562
0.00295
0.00276
0.00515
0.00544
0.00648
0.00781
0.01097
0.01523
0.02108
0.03156
0.04630
0.07032
0.10255
0.14719
0.21070
1.00000
100 000
97 720
97 171
96 884
96 617
96 119
95 597
94 977
94 235
93 202
91 782
89 847
87 012
82 983
77 147
69 235
59 045
46 604
2 280
549
287
267
497
523
620
742
1 033
1 420
1 935
2 835
4 029
5 836
7 912
10 191
12 441
46 604
Mortalidad

2005-2010
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
97 884
389 122
484 813
483 333
480 420
475 139
468 463
460 721
451 561
440 705
427 618
411 181
390 017
362 960
327 977
283 476
229 116
326 405
0.97401 a
0.99550 b
0.99695
0.99397
0.98901
0.98595
0.98347
0.98012
0.97596
0.97030
0.96156
0.94853
0.93063
0.90362
0.86432
0.80824
0.58757 c
0.00000
6 990 909
6 893 025
6 503 903
6 019 090
5 535 758
5 055 337
4 580 199
4 111 736
3 651 015
3 199 455
2 758 750
2 331 132
1 919 950
1 529 934
1 166 973
838 997
555 521
326 405
69.91
70.65
66.98
62.17
57.36
52.85
48.52
44.22
39.99
35.82
31.72
27.72
23.88
20.23
16.77
13.62
10.73
8.18
98 422
391 565
488 086
486 936
485 311
483 156
480 750
477 875
474 095
468 819
461 590
451 241
436 181
414 284
383 373
341 956
288 805
489 518
0.97997 a
0.99612 b
0.99765
0.99666
0.99556
0.99502
0.99402
0.99209
0.98887
0.98458
0.97758
0.96662
0.94980
0.92539
0.89197
0.84457
0.62894 c
0.00000
7 601 961
7 503 539
7 111 974
6 623 889
6 136 953
5 651 641
5 168 486
4 687 736
4 209 861
3 735 766
3 266 946
2 805 357
2 354 116
1 917 935
1 503 651
1 120 278
778 322
489 518
76.02
76.45
72.77
67.94
63.09
58.35
53.61
48.89
44.19
39.58
35.07
30.66
26.45
22.44
18.74
15.33
12.22
9.44
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.02486
0.00118
0.00060
0.00062
0.00180
0.00263
0.00304
0.00363
0.00441
0.00534
0.00674
0.00898
0.01224
0.01666
0.02422
0.03477
0.05189
0.12218
0.02433
0.00469
0.00302
0.00309
0.00897
0.01304
0.01507
0.01800
0.02180
0.02634
0.03315
0.04391
0.05938
0.07999
0.11420
0.15993
0.22965
1.00000
100 000
97 567
97 109
96 816
96 517
95 651
94 404
92 981
91 307
89 317
86 965
84 082
80 390
75 616
69 568
61 623
51 767
39 879
2 433
458
293
300
865
1 247
1 423
1 674
1 990
2 352
2 883
3 692
4 774
6 049
7 945
9 855
11 889
39 879
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01882
0.00106
0.00048
0.00047
0.00087
0.00091
0.00109
0.00131
0.00187
0.00261
0.00361
0.00548
0.00814
0.01257
0.01867
0.02751
0.04104
0.10589
0.01852
0.00422
0.00238
0.00233
0.00434
0.00454
0.00542
0.00654
0.00929
0.01298
0.01790
0.02702
0.03990
0.06092
0.08919
0.12872
0.18610
1.00000
100 000
98 148
97 733
97 501
97 274
96 851
96 411
95 889
95 262
94 376
93 151
91 484
89 012
85 460
80 254
73 096
63 687
51 835
1 852
415
233
227
423
440
523
627
885
1 225
1 667
2 472
3 552
5 207
7 158
9 409
11 852
51 835
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
175
Mortality

2010-2015
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
98 205
390 820
487 131
485 849
483 350
478 824
473 072
466 340
458 290
448 621
436 785
421 685
401 934
376 238
342 444
298 690
244 185
358 478
0.97805 a
0.99613 b
0.99737
0.99486
0.99064
0.98799
0.98577
0.98274
0.97890
0.97362
0.96543
0.95316
0.93607
0.91018
0.87223
0.81752
0.59482 c
0.00000
7 150 941
7 052 736
6 661 915
6 174 784
5 688 935
5 205 585
4 726 761
4 253 689
3 787 348
3 329 059
2 880 437
2 443 653
2 021 968
1 620 034
1 243 796
901 352
602 663
358 478
71.51
72.01
68.29
63.46
58.62
54.06
49.64
45.25
40.93
36.67
32.48
28.40
24.47
20.73
17.19
13.95
10.99
8.37
98 659
392 891
489 932
488 951
487 567
485 725
483 655
481 163
477 867
473 244
466 869
457 696
444 274
424 629
396 619
358 494
308 448
549 291
0.98310 a
0.99671 b
0.99800
0.99717
0.99622
0.99574
0.99485
0.99315
0.99033
0.98653
0.98035
0.97067
0.95578
0.93404
0.90388
0.86040
0.64039 c
0.00000
7 765 974
7 667 315
7 274 424
6 784 492
6 295 541
5 807 974
5 322 249
4 838 594
4 357 430
3 879 563
3 406 319
2 939 450
2 481 754
2 037 481
1 612 851
1 216 233
857 739
549 291
77.66
77.89
74.16
69.31
64.44
59.67
54.89
50.14
45.41
40.76
36.19
31.73
27.44
23.35
19.53
15.99
12.74
9.80
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.02092
0.00100
0.00052
0.00053
0.00153
0.00223
0.00260
0.00313
0.00384
0.00470
0.00601
0.00810
0.01116
0.01540
0.02256
0.03273
0.04925
0.11946
0.02054
0.00401
0.00260
0.00266
0.00763
0.01111
0.01293
0.01555
0.01900
0.02323
0.02961
0.03968
0.05429
0.07412
0.10678
0.15127
0.21925
1.00000
100 000
97 946
97 553
97 299
97 040
96 300
95 230
93 999
92 537
90 779
88 670
86 044
82 630
78 144
72 351
64 626
54 850
42 824
2 054
393
254
259
740
1 070
1 231
1 462
1 758
2 109
2 626
3 414
4 486
5 792
7 725
9 776
12 026
42 824
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01583
0.00090
0.00041
0.00040
0.00074
0.00078
0.00093
0.00113
0.00162
0.00227
0.00316
0.00480
0.00714
0.01103
0.01644
0.02435
0.03660
0.10203
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
176
0.01562
0.00358
0.00203
0.00198
0.00368
0.00387
0.00465
0.00565
0.00806
0.01130
0.01566
0.02370
0.03509
0.05368
0.07895
0.11477
0.16765
1.00000
100 000
98 438
98 086
97 887
97 693
97 334
96 957
96 505
95 960
95 187
94 111
92 637
90 442
87 268
82 584
76 064
67 334
56 045
1 562
352
199
194
360
377
451
545
773
1 076
1 474
2 195
3 174
4 684
6 520
8 730
11 289
56 045
Mortalidad

2015-2020
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
98 416
391 926
488 645
487 492
485 266
481 238
476 097
470 035
462 724
453 850
442 856
428 663
409 881
385 133
352 189
309 009
254 493
381 058
0.98068 a
0.99654 b
0.99764
0.99543
0.99170
0.98932
0.98727
0.98444
0.98082
0.97578
0.96795
0.95619
0.93962
0.91446
0.87739
0.82358
0.59957 c
0.00000
7 258 970
7 160 554
6 768 629
6 279 984
5 792 491
5 307 226
4 825 987
4 349 890
3 879 855
3 417 132
2 963 282
2 520 426
2 091 763
1 681 882
1 296 749
944 560
635 551
381 058
72.59
72.92
69.18
64.33
59.48
54.87
50.39
45.95
41.56
37.25
33.00
28.86
24.87
21.07
17.47
14.17
11.16
8.50
98 829
393 828
491 239
490 378
489 166
487 548
485 717
483 499
480 549
476 394
470 634
462 308
450 076
432 081
406 224
370 602
323 023
595 852
0.98531 a
0.99712 b
0.99825
0.99753
0.99669
0.99624
0.99543
0.99390
0.99135
0.98791
0.98231
0.97354
0.96002
0.94016
0.91231
0.87162
0.64846 c
0.00000
7 887 945
7 789 116
7 395 289
6 904 049
6 413 671
5 924 506
5 436 958
4 951 242
4 467 743
3 987 194
3 510 800
3 040 166
2 577 858
2 127 782
1 695 701
1 289 477
918 875
595 852
78.88
78.96
75.20
70.33
65.45
60.65
55.85
51.07
46.32
41.64
37.04
32.53
28.18
24.02
20.12
16.48
13.12
10.07
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01836
0.00089
0.00047
0.00048
0.00136
0.00198
0.00232
0.00281
0.00347
0.00429
0.00554
0.00752
0.01046
0.01457
0.02148
0.03141
0.04754
0.11770
0.01807
0.00356
0.00234
0.00238
0.00676
0.00985
0.01153
0.01395
0.01718
0.02121
0.02731
0.03692
0.05097
0.07030
0.10193
0.14563
0.21247
1.00000
100 000
98 193
97 843
97 615
97 382
96 724
95 771
94 667
93 347
91 743
89 797
87 345
84 120
79 833
74 221
66 655
56 948
44 849
1 807
350
229
232
658
953
1 104
1 321
1 604
1 946
2 452
3 225
4 288
5 612
7 565
9 707
12 100
44 849
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01373
0.00078
0.00036
0.00035
0.00064
0.00068
0.00082
0.00101
0.00144
0.00203
0.00284
0.00431
0.00644
0.00995
0.01488
0.02214
0.03351
0.09934
0.01357
0.00312
0.00178
0.00173
0.00322
0.00340
0.00411
0.00502
0.00719
0.01012
0.01409
0.02134
0.03169
0.04855
0.07171
0.10491
0.15461
1.00000
100 000
98 643
98 335
98 161
97 991
97 676
97 343
96 943
96 456
95 763
94 794
93 459
91 464
88 566
84 266
78 223
70 017
59 192
1 357
308
175
170
315
332
400
487
693
969
1 335
1 995
2 898
4 300
6 043
8 206
10 825
59 192
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
177
Mortality
PANAM: TABLAS ABREVIADAS DE MORTALIDAD

PANAMA: ABRIDGED LIFE TABLES
1980-1985
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
97 121
0.95928 a
382 517
0.98968 b
474 689
0.99570
472 646
0.99457
470 080
0.99050
465 613
0.98770
459 885
0.98664
453 742
0.98548
447 154
0.98367
439 853
0.97924
430 720
0.97024
417 901
0.95435
398 824
0.92992
370 873
0.89323
331 276
0.84024
278 350
0.76430
212 744
0.52588 c
235 966
6 839 957
6 742 836
6 360 319
5 885 629
5 412 983
4 942 903
4 477 290
4 017 405
3 563 662
3 116 508
2 676 656
2 245 936
1 828 035
1 429 211
1 058 337
727 061
448 711
235 966
68.40
69.94
66.83
62.15
57.37
52.77
48.36
43.96
39.55
35.12
30.70
26.39
22.27
18.45
14.93
11.80
9.03
6.67
97 833
0.96847 a
386 404
0.99149 b
480 115
0.99659
478 479
0.99666
476 880
0.99582
474 888
0.99516
472 591
0.99400
469 754
0.99193
465 962
0.98875
460 719
0.98451
453 583
0.97807
443 636
0.96743
429 185
0.95047
407 928
0.92501
377 337
0.88586
334 269
0.81748
273 259
0.55956 c
347 164
7 329 987
7 232 154
6 845 750
6 365 635
5 887 156
5 410 277
4 935 389
4 462 797
3 993 043
3 527 081
3 066 362
2 612 779
2 169 143
1 739 958
1 332 029
954 692
620 423
347 164
73.30
74.33
71.15
66.43
61.60
56.84
52.08
47.34
42.65
38.03
33.50
29.06
24.77
20.68
16.85
13.28
10.03
7.31
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.03702
0.00321
0.00101
0.00072
0.00146
0.00236
0.00259
0.00279
0.00307
0.00352
0.00488
0.00724
0.01155
0.01772
0.02797
0.04277
0.06739
0.14994
0.03595
0.01273
0.00503
0.00357
0.00729
0.01173
0.01288
0.01384
0.01521
0.01746
0.02412
0.03554
0.05613
0.08486
0.13070
0.19319
0.28838
1.00000
100 000
96 405
95 177
94 698
94 360
93 672
92 573
91 381
90 116
88 745
87 196
85 092
82 068
77 461
70 888
61 623
49 718
35 380
3 595
1 228
479
338
688
1 099
1 193
1 265
1 371
1 550
2 103
3 024
4 607
6 574
9 265
11 905
14 337
35 380
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.02765
0.00278
0.00082
0.00055
0.00079
0.00088
0.00106
0.00135
0.00189
0.00264
0.00361
0.00528
0.00801
0.01241
0.01901
0.03008
0.05251
0.13676
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
178
0.02705
0.01106
0.00407
0.00274
0.00394
0.00441
0.00526
0.00675
0.00940
0.01313
0.01788
0.02605
0.03927
0.06020
0.09072
0.13989
0.23208
1.00000
100 000
97 295
96 219
95 827
95 564
95 188
94 768
94 269
93 632
92 752
91 535
89 898
87 556
84 118
79 054
71 881
61 826
47 478
2 705
1 076
392
263
377
420
499
637
880
1 217
1 637
2 342
3 438
5 064
7 172
10 055
14 348
47 478
Mortalidad

1985-1990
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
97 229
0.96288 a
384 209
0.99215 b
477 658
0.99631
475 894
0.99486
473 450
0.99083
469 106
0.98752
463 252
0.98610
456 814
0.98528
450 091
0.98347
442 651
0.97905
433 377
0.97095
420 789
0.95716
402 763
0.93542
376 751
0.90084
339 391
0.84860
288 008
0.77332
222 721
0.53165 c
252 820
6 926 974
6 829 746
6 445 536
5 967 878
5 491 984
5 018 534
4 549 427
4 086 175
3 629 361
3 179 270
2 736 619
2 303 242
1 882 454
1 479 690
1 102 940
763 548
475 541
252 820
69.27
70.69
67.33
62.60
57.80
53.19
48.77
44.41
40.01
35.59
31.19
26.90
22.76
18.87
15.26
12.03
9.19
6.77
97 938
0.97145 a
387 785
0.99362 b
482 625
0.99717
481 261
0.99722
479 923
0.99644
478 212
0.99568
476 145
0.99455
473 550
0.99278
470 130
0.99004
465 448
0.98618
459 018
0.98050
450 067
0.97122
437 112
0.95582
417 803
0.93236
389 544
0.89417
348 318
0.82741
288 200
0.56729 c
377 839
7 460 920
7 362 982
6 975 197
6 492 572
6 011 311
5 531 388
5 053 176
4 577 030
4 103 480
3 633 350
3 167 902
2 708 884
2 258 817
1 821 704
1 403 902
1 014 357
666 039
377 839
74.61
75.53
72.14
67.38
62.53
57.72
52.94
48.18
43.46
38.80
34.23
29.75
25.39
21.21
17.28
13.60
10.29
7.48
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.03481
0.00230
0.00083
0.00065
0.00141
0.00228
0.00275
0.00285
0.00308
0.00359
0.00489
0.00693
0.01066
0.01622
0.02603
0.04069
0.06464
0.14772
0.03385
0.00916
0.00414
0.00324
0.00704
0.01133
0.01364
0.01415
0.01529
0.01779
0.02417
0.03405
0.05194
0.07792
0.12220
0.18467
0.27822
1.00000
100 000
96 615
95 730
95 333
95 024
94 356
93 287
92 014
90 712
89 325
87 736
85 615
82 700
78 405
72 295
63 461
51 742
37 346
3 385
885
396
309
669
1 069
1 273
1 302
1 387
1 589
2 120
2 915
4 295
6 110
8 834
11 719
14 396
37 346
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.02568
0.00206
0.00067
0.00046
0.00065
0.00078
0.00096
0.00123
0.00167
0.00234
0.00324
0.00466
0.00706
0.01110
0.01711
0.02820
0.04935
0.13373
0.02515
0.00819
0.00335
0.00230
0.00326
0.00387
0.00477
0.00613
0.00832
0.01161
0.01605
0.02301
0.03470
0.05400
0.08205
0.13173
0.21965
1.00000
100 000
97 485
96 687
96 363
96 141
95 828
95 457
95 001
94 419
93 633
92 546
91 061
88 966
85 879
81 242
74 576
64 752
50 529
2 515
798
324
222
313
371
456
582
786
1 087
1 485
2 095
3 087
4 637
6 666
9 824
14 223
50 529
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
179
Mortality

1990-1995
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
97 436
0.96637 a
385 751
0.99363 b
480 107
0.99683
478 586
0.99512
476 252
0.99112
472 021
0.98781
466 265
0.98624
459 849
0.98535
453 114
0.98351
445 645
0.97927
436 405
0.97177
424 084
0.95954
406 926
0.94037
382 662
0.90924
347 931
0.85957
299 072
0.78564
234 964
0.53918 c
274 915
7 021 982
6 924 547
6 538 796
6 058 689
5 580 103
5 103 851
4 631 830
4 165 565
3 705 716
3 252 602
2 806 958
2 370 553
1 946 469
1 539 543
1 156 882
808 951
509 879
274 915
70.22
71.46
67.98
63.21
58.38
53.77
49.33
44.98
40.58
36.17
31.78
27.49
23.34
19.40
15.70
12.36
9.42
6.90
98 123
0.97448 a
389 116
0.99479 b
484 699
0.99764
483 556
0.99760
482 394
0.99681
480 853
0.99599
478 926
0.99492
476 492
0.99336
473 326
0.99096
469 049
0.98742
463 147
0.98223
454 919
0.97386
443 030
0.95977
425 208
0.93776
398 745
0.90067
359 139
0.83613
300 286
0.57359 c
403 934
7 564 942
7 466 820
7 077 703
6 593 005
6 109 449
5 627 055
5 146 202
4 667 276
4 190 784
3 717 458
3 248 409
2 785 261
2 330 342
1 887 312
1 462 104
1 063 359
704 220
403 934
75.65
76.40
72.91
68.10
63.23
58.41
53.61
48.84
44.10
39.42
34.81
30.29
25.89
21.65
17.64
13.88
10.50
7.61
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.03187
0.00183
0.00069
0.00058
0.00138
0.00219
0.00272
0.00282
0.00308
0.00357
0.00482
0.00666
0.00992
0.01481
0.02364
0.03785
0.06096
0.14489
0.03105
0.00730
0.00346
0.00287
0.00688
0.01090
0.01350
0.01402
0.01528
0.01771
0.02381
0.03277
0.04841
0.07142
0.11159
0.17289
0.26449
1.00000
100 000
96 895
96 188
95 855
95 579
94 921
93 887
92 619
91 320
89 925
88 333
86 230
83 404
79 366
73 698
65 474
54 154
39 831
3 105
707
333
275
658
1 034
1 268
1 299
1 395
1 593
2 103
2 826
4 037
5 668
8 224
11 320
14 323
39 831
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.02313
0.00169
0.00055
0.00039
0.00057
0.00071
0.00090
0.00114
0.00152
0.00211
0.00296
0.00422
0.00640
0.01010
0.01578
0.02659
0.04659
0.13136
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
180
0.02270
0.00672
0.00274
0.00197
0.00284
0.00355
0.00447
0.00570
0.00759
0.01049
0.01469
0.02088
0.03150
0.04923
0.07591
0.12466
0.20867
1.00000
100 000
97 730
97 073
96 807
96 616
96 342
96 000
95 571
95 026
94 304
93 315
91 944
90 024
87 188
82 895
76 603
67 053
53 061
2 270
657
266
191
274
342
429
545
722
989
1 371
1 920
2 836
4 293
6 293
9 550
13 992
53 061
Mortalidad

1995-2000
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
97 735
0.96976 a
387 143
0.99417 b
482 049
0.99726
480 729
0.99535
478 493
0.99136
474 361
0.98853
468 919
0.98702
462 832
0.98569
456 207
0.98380
448 814
0.97987
439 778
0.97266
427 753
0.96146
411 268
0.94472
388 532
0.91826
356 773
0.87284
311 406
0.80093
249 413
0.54827 c
302 712
7 124 916
7 027 180
6 640 038
6 157 989
5 677 260
5 198 768
4 724 407
4 255 488
3 792 656
3 336 450
2 887 636
2 447 858
2 020 105
1 608 836
1 220 304
863 532
552 126
302 712
71.25
72.26
68.77
63.97
59.12
54.51
50.06
45.66
41.25
36.85
32.45
28.16
24.00
20.03
16.25
12.77
9.70
7.07
98 380
0.97750 a
390 371
0.99516 b
486 383
0.99801
485 417
0.99781
484 352
0.99695
482 876
0.99612
481 004
0.99512
478 655
0.99368
475 633
0.99155
471 613
0.98826
466 076
0.98334
458 309
0.97548
447 070
0.96246
430 288
0.94140
405 072
0.90559
366 829
0.84386
309 553
0.57863 c
425 081
7 642 962
7 544 582
7 154 211
6 667 828
6 182 412
5 698 060
5 215 184
4 734 179
4 255 524
3 779 891
3 308 278
2 842 203
2 383 893
1 936 823
1 506 535
1 101 463
734 634
425 081
76.43
76.96
73.46
68.62
63.74
58.90
54.09
49.32
44.57
39.88
35.25
30.70
26.27
21.99
17.93
14.12
10.69
7.72
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.02819
0.00178
0.00060
0.00050
0.00137
0.00210
0.00252
0.00271
0.00306
0.00348
0.00467
0.00645
0.00933
0.01353
0.02087
0.03436
0.05652
0.14150
0.02755
0.00710
0.00300
0.00247
0.00683
0.01045
0.01251
0.01346
0.01518
0.01725
0.02307
0.03172
0.04558
0.06545
0.09917
0.15823
0.24760
1.00000
100 000
97 245
96 555
96 265
96 027
95 370
94 374
93 194
91 939
90 544
88 982
86 929
84 172
80 336
75 077
67 632
56 931
42 835
2 755
690
290
238
656
996
1 180
1 255
1 396
1 562
2 053
2 757
3 836
5 258
7 446
10 701
14 096
42 835
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.02002
0.00165
0.00045
0.00035
0.00053
0.00069
0.00087
0.00109
0.00144
0.00195
0.00277
0.00396
0.00600
0.00937
0.01495
0.02519
0.04416
0.12957
0.01970
0.00657
0.00224
0.00173
0.00266
0.00344
0.00432
0.00545
0.00718
0.00973
0.01378
0.01959
0.02956
0.04576
0.07206
0.11850
0.19884
1.00000
100 000
98 030
97 386
97 168
96 999
96 741
96 409
95 993
95 469
94 784
93 862
92 569
90 755
88 073
84 042
77 986
68 745
55 076
1 970
644
218
168
258
332
416
523
686
922
1 293
1 813
2 683
4 030
6 056
9 241
13 670
55 076
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
181
Mortality

2000-2005
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
98 014
0.97328 a
388 628
0.99471 b
484 067
0.99758
482 898
0.99568
480 810
0.99190
476 918
0.98941
471 868
0.98797
466 189
0.98642
459 860
0.98450
452 731
0.98074
444 013
0.97377
432 367
0.96321
416 462
0.94779
394 721
0.92384
364 660
0.88117
321 329
0.81152
260 764
0.55759 c
328 652
7 224 950
7 126 936
6 738 308
6 254 241
5 771 343
5 290 533
4 813 616
4 341 747
3 875 558
3 415 698
2 962 967
2 518 954
2 086 587
1 670 125
1 275 404
910 744
589 415
328 652
72.25
73.03
69.51
64.69
59.82
55.20
50.71
46.27
41.83
37.41
33.00
28.69
24.51
20.51
16.69
13.12
9.97
7.27
98 599
0.98037 a
391 585
0.99559 b
488 022
0.99829
487 185
0.99802
486 219
0.99718
484 847
0.99638
483 091
0.99544
480 888
0.99412
478 062
0.99218
474 324
0.98913
469 166
0.98450
461 892
0.97715
451 337
0.96510
435 584
0.94522
411 724
0.91131
375 208
0.85308
320 083
0.58868 c
458 102
7 735 919
7 637 320
7 245 734
6 757 712
6 270 526
5 784 308
5 299 460
4 816 370
4 335 482
3 857 420
3 383 096
2 913 931
2 452 038
2 000 701
1 565 117
1 153 393
778 185
458 102
77.36
77.69
74.17
69.30
64.40
59.56
54.74
49.95
45.19
40.48
35.82
31.26
26.79
22.48
18.36
14.51
11.02
7.98
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.02459
0.00167
0.00053
0.00044
0.00130
0.00195
0.00230
0.00254
0.00293
0.00332
0.00447
0.00619
0.00885
0.01269
0.01923
0.03211
0.05333
0.13753
0.02410
0.00664
0.00265
0.00218
0.00647
0.00973
0.01146
0.01262
0.01455
0.01648
0.02208
0.03047
0.04330
0.06151
0.09176
0.14863
0.23530
1.00000
100 000
97 590
96 942
96 685
96 474
95 850
94 917
93 830
92 646
91 298
89 794
87 811
85 136
81 449
76 439
69 425
59 107
45 199
2 410
648
257
211
625
932
1 087
1 184
1 348
1 504
1 983
2 676
3 687
5 010
7 014
10 318
13 908
45 199
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01724
0.00154
0.00038
0.00031
0.00049
0.00064
0.00081
0.00102
0.00134
0.00180
0.00258
0.00368
0.00559
0.00868
0.01400
0.02357
0.04126
0.12533
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
182
0.01700
0.00613
0.00189
0.00153
0.00243
0.00321
0.00404
0.00508
0.00668
0.00897
0.01280
0.01824
0.02755
0.04247
0.06763
0.11128
0.18702
1.00000
100 000
98 300
97 697
97 512
97 362
97 125
96 814
96 423
95 933
95 292
94 438
93 229
91 528
89 007
85 227
79 463
70 620
57 413
1 700
603
185
150
237
311
391
490
641
854
1 209
1 700
2 522
3 780
5 764
8 843
13 207
57 413
Mortalidad

2005-2010
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
98 239
0.97638 a
389 953
0.99514 b
485 820
0.99776
484 731
0.99601
482 797
0.99254
479 196
0.99022
474 511
0.98883
469 209
0.98730
463 250
0.98535
456 465
0.98163
448 082
0.97481
436 795
0.96445
421 269
0.94926
399 893
0.92565
370 162
0.88402
327 229
0.81630
267 117
0.56520 c
347 222
7 301 941
7 203 702
6 813 749
6 327 929
5 843 198
5 360 402
4 881 206
4 406 695
3 937 486
3 474 236
3 017 771
2 569 688
2 132 893
1 711 624
1 311 731
941 569
614 340
347 222
73.02
73.60
70.04
65.21
60.33
55.68
51.16
46.68
42.21
37.76
33.32
28.98
24.78
20.76
16.92
13.34
10.18
7.47
98 755
0.98261 a
392 551
0.99598 b
489 332
0.99843
488 565
0.99819
487 678
0.99742
486 418
0.99667
484 799
0.99579
482 760
0.99455
480 131
0.99272
476 637
0.98984
471 795
0.98547
464 942
0.97854
454 962
0.96717
440 027
0.94844
417 341
0.91650
382 491
0.86160
329 553
0.60043 c
495 222
7 823 957
7 725 202
7 332 652
6 843 320
6 354 755
5 867 077
5 380 659
4 895 860
4 413 100
3 932 970
3 456 333
2 984 537
2 519 596
2 064 633
1 624 607
1 207 266
824 775
495 222
78.24
78.43
74.86
69.99
65.08
60.22
55.39
50.59
45.81
41.09
36.41
31.82
27.33
22.99
18.84
14.96
11.41
8.32
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.02158
0.00153
0.00049
0.00040
0.00120
0.00180
0.00213
0.00236
0.00275
0.00315
0.00427
0.00596
0.00857
0.01236
0.01878
0.03124
0.05175
0.13396
0.02120
0.00609
0.00246
0.00202
0.00596
0.00896
0.01060
0.01175
0.01366
0.01565
0.02112
0.02934
0.04194
0.05993
0.08968
0.14488
0.22909
1.00000
100 000
97 880
97 284
97 044
96 848
96 271
95 408
94 397
93 287
92 013
90 573
88 660
86 058
82 449
77 508
70 557
60 335
46 512
2 120
596
239
196
577
863
1 011
1 110
1 274
1 440
1 913
2 602
3 609
4 942
6 951
10 222
13 822
46 512
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01519
0.00140
0.00035
0.00028
0.00045
0.00059
0.00075
0.00094
0.00124
0.00168
0.00241
0.00345
0.00525
0.00815
0.01315
0.02210
0.03860
0.12025
0.01500
0.00557
0.00173
0.00140
0.00223
0.00294
0.00372
0.00470
0.00620
0.00836
0.01197
0.01711
0.02589
0.03995
0.06365
0.10471
0.17603
1.00000
100 000
98 500
97 951
97 782
97 644
97 427
97 140
96 779
96 325
95 728
94 927
93 791
92 186
89 799
86 212
80 725
72 272
59 549
1 500
549
170
137
217
286
361
454
597
800
1 136
1 605
2 387
3 587
5 487
8 453
12 722
59 549
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
183
Mortality

2010-2015
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
98 476
0.97954 a
391 293
0.99553 b
487 582
0.99791
486 562
0.99630
484 761
0.99309
481 413
0.99092
477 044
0.98957
472 069
0.98806
466 432
0.98610
459 947
0.98241
451 854
0.97571
440 878
0.96553
425 680
0.95052
404 620
0.92722
375 171
0.88648
332 580
0.82045
272 864
0.57204 c
364 734
7 373 962
7 275 486
6 884 193
6 396 611
5 910 048
5 425 287
4 943 874
4 466 830
3 994 761
3 528 329
3 068 382
2 616 528
2 175 649
1 749 969
1 345 349
970 178
637 598
364 734
73.74
74.10
70.51
65.67
60.79
56.11
51.56
47.05
42.55
38.07
33.61
29.25
25.03
20.99
17.14
13.55
10.38
7.65
98 913
0.98481 a
393 494
0.99634 b
490 606
0.99856
489 900
0.99834
489 085
0.99763
487 924
0.99693
486 426
0.99611
484 531
0.99494
482 077
0.99320
478 800
0.99048
474 240
0.98634
467 760
0.97976
458 293
0.96901
444 089
0.95129
422 457
0.92108
389 118
0.86913
338 194
0.61092 c
531 015
7 906 922
7 808 009
7 414 515
6 923 909
6 434 009
5 944 925
5 457 001
4 970 575
4 486 044
4 003 966
3 525 166
3 050 926
2 583 166
2 124 872
1 680 783
1 258 327
869 209
531 015
79.07
79.11
75.50
70.62
65.71
60.84
56.00
51.18
46.39
41.65
36.96
32.35
27.84
23.47
19.29
15.37
11.78
8.63
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01848
0.00141
0.00046
0.00038
0.00111
0.00167
0.00198
0.00221
0.00259
0.00301
0.00410
0.00576
0.00832
0.01207
0.01838
0.03049
0.05038
0.13078
0.01820
0.00562
0.00229
0.00189
0.00552
0.00830
0.00986
0.01100
0.01289
0.01493
0.02030
0.02837
0.04075
0.05857
0.08788
0.14164
0.22372
1.00000
100 000
98 180
97 628
97 404
97 221
96 684
95 881
94 936
93 891
92 681
91 297
89 444
86 907
83 365
78 483
71 586
61 446
47 699
1 820
552
224
184
537
803
945
1 045
1 210
1 384
1 853
2 537
3 542
4 883
6 897
10 140
13 747
47 699
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01314
0.00127
0.00032
0.00026
0.00041
0.00054
0.00069
0.00087
0.00116
0.00157
0.00226
0.00325
0.00495
0.00769
0.01240
0.02081
0.03629
0.11582
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
184
0.01300
0.00507
0.00159
0.00129
0.00204
0.00270
0.00344
0.00436
0.00578
0.00782
0.01124
0.01612
0.02442
0.03773
0.06013
0.09891
0.16634
1.00000
100 000
98 700
98 199
98 043
97 917
97 717
97 453
97 118
96 695
96 136
95 384
94 312
92 792
90 526
87 110
81 873
73 775
61 503
1 300
501
156
126
200
264
335
423
559
752
1 072
1 520
2 266
3 415
5 238
8 098
12 271
61 503
Mortalidad

2015-2020
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
98 685
0.98229 a
392 462
0.99589 b
489 131
0.99805
488 177
0.99657
486 502
0.99361
483 395
0.99158
479 327
0.99027
474 665
0.98877
469 336
0.98679
463 138
0.98313
455 325
0.97655
444 649
0.96654
429 771
0.95172
409 020
0.92869
379 854
0.88879
337 612
0.82435
278 311
0.57827 c
381 611
7 440 971
7 342 286
6 949 824
6 460 693
5 972 515
5 486 013
5 002 618
4 523 291
4 048 626
3 579 290
3 116 153
2 660 828
2 216 178
1 786 408
1 377 388
997 534
659 922
381 611
74.41
74.59
70.97
66.11
61.23
56.53
51.94
47.40
42.87
38.37
33.89
29.51
25.27
21.21
17.35
13.75
10.56
7.82
99 049
0.98671 a
394 308
0.99667 b
491 716
0.99868
491 069
0.99848
490 321
0.99782
489 255
0.99718
487 873
0.99640
486 117
0.99530
483 830
0.99366
480 760
0.99107
476 469
0.98715
470 347
0.98092
461 373
0.97074
447 874
0.95398
427 262
0.92542
395 399
0.87627
346 474
0.62048 c
566 442
7 985 936
7 886 887
7 492 579
7 000 863
6 509 793
6 019 472
5 530 217
5 042 344
4 556 228
4 072 398
3 591 638
3 115 169
2 644 823
2 183 450
1 735 576
1 308 314
912 916
566 442
79.86
79.77
76.13
71.24
66.32
61.44
56.59
51.76
46.96
42.20
37.49
32.86
28.33
23.94
19.73
15.77
12.14
8.94
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01581
0.00130
0.00043
0.00035
0.00102
0.00154
0.00184
0.00207
0.00245
0.00287
0.00394
0.00557
0.00809
0.01179
0.01801
0.02978
0.04910
0.12796
0.01560
0.00517
0.00214
0.00176
0.00510
0.00768
0.00916
0.01030
0.01216
0.01426
0.01952
0.02745
0.03964
0.05728
0.08618
0.13859
0.21867
1.00000
100 000
98 440
97 931
97 722
97 549
97 052
96 306
95 424
94 442
93 293
91 962
90 168
87 692
84 216
79 392
72 550
62 495
48 829
1 560
509
209
172
498
745
882
983
1 149
1 330
1 795
2 475
3 476
4 824
6 842
10 055
13 666
48 829
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01141
0.00115
0.00029
0.00024
0.00037
0.00050
0.00063
0.00081
0.00108
0.00147
0.00212
0.00306
0.00466
0.00725
0.01169
0.01960
0.03411
0.11190
0.01130
0.00460
0.00145
0.00118
0.00187
0.00248
0.00317
0.00403
0.00538
0.00732
0.01054
0.01518
0.02304
0.03563
0.05680
0.09342
0.15717
1.00000
100 000
98 870
98 415
98 272
98 156
97 973
97 729
97 420
97 027
96 505
95 799
94 789
93 350
91 199
87 950
82 955
75 205
63 385
1 130
455
143
116
183
243
310
393
522
706
1 010
1 439
2 150
3 249
4 995
7 750
11 820
63 385
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
185
Mortality
PARAGUAY: TABLAS ABREVIADAS DE MORTALIDAD

PARAGUAY: ABRIDGED LIFE TABLES
1980-1985
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
95 587
0.93840 a
373 611
0.98552 b
462 406
0.99487
460 033
0.99373
457 149
0.99016
452 651
0.98791
447 179
0.98720
441 457
0.98587
435 220
0.98219
427 469
0.97460
416 612
0.96220
400 862
0.94438
378 568
0.91527
346 494
0.87241
302 283
0.81151
245 307
0.72957
178 969
0.48434 c
168 100
6 489 957
6 394 370
6 020 759
5 558 353
5 098 320
4 641 171
4 188 520
3 741 341
3 299 884
2 864 664
2 437 195
2 020 583
1 619 721
1 241 153
894 659
592 376
347 070
168 100
64.90
67.65
64.91
60.28
55.53
50.97
46.53
42.10
37.62
33.17
28.80
24.63
20.68
16.98
13.66
10.69
8.13
5.82
96 519
0.95196 a
379 463
0.98909 b
470 788
0.99575
468 786
0.99564
466 741
0.99406
463 969
0.99266
460 564
0.99124
456 529
0.98932
451 656
0.98632
445 475
0.98114
437 074
0.97225
424 945
0.95906
407 548
0.93889
382 640
0.90545
346 463
0.85348
295 700
0.77529
229 252
0.51845 c
246 823
6 930 935
6 834 416
6 454 953
5 984 166
5 515 380
5 048 638
4 584 670
4 124 105
3 667 576
3 215 920
2 770 445
2 333 371
1 908 426
1 500 878
1 118 238
771 775
476 075
246 823
69.31
71.39
68.38
63.72
58.93
54.23
49.57
44.95
40.36
35.82
31.34
27.00
22.84
18.89
15.20
11.87
8.94
6.42
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.05725
0.00474
0.00119
0.00087
0.00165
0.00231
0.00256
0.00259
0.00310
0.00409
0.00622
0.00925
0.01376
0.02199
0.03330
0.05188
0.07716
0.17186
0.05472
0.01874
0.00593
0.00432
0.00822
0.01147
0.01271
0.01288
0.01539
0.02026
0.03064
0.04520
0.06653
0.10422
0.15369
0.22961
0.32341
1.00000
100 000
94 528
92 756
92 206
91 807
91 052
90 008
88 864
87 719
86 369
84 619
82 026
78 319
73 108
65 489
55 424
42 698
28 889
5 472
1 772
550
399
755
1 045
1 144
1 145
1 350
1 750
2 592
3 707
5 210
7 620
10 065
12 726
13 809
28 889
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.04427
0.00351
0.00101
0.00069
0.00106
0.00133
0.00162
0.00190
0.00239
0.00312
0.00450
0.00678
0.01000
0.01538
0.02478
0.03964
0.06481
0.15566
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
186
0.04273
0.01391
0.00504
0.00346
0.00526
0.00662
0.00806
0.00947
0.01189
0.01550
0.02227
0.03335
0.04879
0.07407
0.11666
0.18032
0.27887
1.00000
100 000
95 727
94 395
93 920
93 595
93 102
92 485
91 740
90 871
89 791
88 399
86 430
83 548
79 472
73 585
65 000
53 279
38 421
4 273
1 332
475
325
493
617
745
869
1 081
1 392
1 969
2 883
4 076
5 887
8 584
11 721
14 858
38 421
Mortalidad

1985-1990
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
95 743
0.94139 a
374 954
0.98671 b
464 443
0.99515
462 190
0.99375
459 304
0.98984
454 636
0.98726
448 843
0.98656
442 810
0.98545
436 369
0.98202
428 521
0.97466
417 662
0.96263
402 054
0.94586
380 286
0.91768
348 980
0.87615
305 761
0.81786
250 069
0.74065
185 215
0.49581 c
182 133
6 539 973
6 444 231
6 069 277
5 604 834
5 142 644
4 683 340
4 228 704
3 779 860
3 337 050
2 900 681
2 472 160
2 054 498
1 652 444
1 272 158
923 178
617 417
367 348
182 133
65.40
68.01
65.16
60.51
55.75
51.20
46.79
42.40
37.94
33.50
29.14
24.98
21.03
17.30
13.97
10.98
8.39
6.01
96 662
0.95463 a
380 653
0.99005 b
472 564
0.99599
470 668
0.99574
468 664
0.99403
465 868
0.99256
462 399
0.99113
458 297
0.98924
453 368
0.98634
447 176
0.98133
438 828
0.97252
426 770
0.95950
409 484
0.93999
384 912
0.90804
349 517
0.85955
300 429
0.78683
236 385
0.52977 c
266 313
6 988 957
6 892 295
6 511 642
6 039 079
5 568 411
5 099 747
4 633 879
4 171 480
3 713 183
3 259 815
2 812 638
2 373 810
1 947 040
1 537 556
1 152 644
803 127
502 698
266 313
69.89
71.84
68.73
64.05
59.25
54.55
49.90
45.29
40.71
36.17
31.69
27.35
23.20
19.25
15.56
12.22
9.23
6.64
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.05478
0.00429
0.00111
0.00083
0.00168
0.00241
0.00272
0.00269
0.00317
0.00409
0.00620
0.00909
0.01329
0.02140
0.03211
0.04982
0.07280
0.16637
0.05245
0.01697
0.00556
0.00414
0.00836
0.01198
0.01351
0.01337
0.01574
0.02027
0.03052
0.04444
0.06430
0.10158
0.14863
0.22150
0.30796
1.00000
100 000
94 755
93 147
92 630
92 246
91 475
90 379
89 158
87 966
86 582
84 827
82 238
78 584
73 531
66 061
56 243
43 785
30 301
5 245
1 608
518
383
771
1 096
1 221
1 192
1 385
1 755
2 589
3 654
5 053
7 469
9 819
12 458
13 484
30 301
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.04204
0.00315
0.00095
0.00066
0.00105
0.00135
0.00164
0.00192
0.00241
0.00310
0.00445
0.00673
0.00988
0.01503
0.02396
0.03749
0.06073
0.15057
0.04064
0.01250
0.00472
0.00330
0.00522
0.00671
0.00818
0.00957
0.01195
0.01538
0.02201
0.03307
0.04819
0.07242
0.11301
0.17138
0.26362
1.00000
100 000
95 936
94 736
94 289
93 978
93 487
92 860
92 100
91 219
90 128
88 742
86 789
83 919
79 875
74 090
65 717
54 455
40 099
4 064
1 200
447
311
491
628
760
881
1 090
1 386
1 953
2 870
4 044
5 785
8 373
11 262
14 355
40 099
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
187
Mortality

1990-1995
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
96 039
0.94681 a
377 364
0.98873 b
468 066
0.99562
466 018
0.99379
463 126
0.98930
458 168
0.98616
451 829
0.98548
445 267
0.98475
438 479
0.98172
430 465
0.97475
419 597
0.96335
404 221
0.94833
383 335
0.92171
353 324
0.88245
311 790
0.82852
258 325
0.75932
196 150
0.51516 c
208 414
6 629 978
6 533 939
6 156 575
5 688 508
5 222 490
4 759 364
4 301 195
3 849 366
3 404 099
2 965 620
2 535 155
2 115 558
1 711 337
1 328 002
974 678
662 889
404 564
208 414
66.30
68.65
65.60
60.92
56.14
51.61
47.24
42.92
38.50
34.10
29.75
25.60
21.65
17.88
14.54
11.50
8.86
6.36
96 893
0.95879 a
382 501
0.99148 b
475 310
0.99635
473 573
0.99590
471 629
0.99400
468 797
0.99240
465 232
0.99096
461 029
0.98912
456 015
0.98638
449 806
0.98161
441 536
0.97292
429 581
0.96015
412 460
0.94164
388 388
0.91190
354 171
0.86859
307 631
0.80403
247 345
0.54650 c
298 072
7 079 970
6 983 077
6 600 575
6 125 265
5 651 692
5 180 063
4 711 266
4 246 034
3 785 005
3 328 990
2 879 184
2 437 648
2 008 067
1 595 607
1 207 219
853 048
545 417
298 072
70.80
72.54
69.29
64.57
59.76
55.06
50.42
45.83
41.25
36.72
32.25
27.91
23.77
19.82
16.13
12.77
9.70
6.98
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.05023
0.00353
0.00099
0.00077
0.00173
0.00258
0.00299
0.00286
0.00329
0.00409
0.00616
0.00882
0.01249
0.02042
0.03014
0.04641
0.06567
0.15733
0.04824
0.01399
0.00492
0.00383
0.00860
0.01283
0.01486
0.01418
0.01632
0.02027
0.03033
0.04316
0.06056
0.09715
0.14015
0.20791
0.28206
1.00000
100 000
95 176
93 844
93 382
93 025
92 225
91 042
89 690
88 417
86 974
85 212
82 627
79 061
74 273
67 057
57 659
45 671
32 789
4 824
1 332
462
357
800
1 183
1 352
1 272
1 443
1 763
2 584
3 566
4 788
7 216
9 398
11 988
12 882
32 789
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.03853
0.00262
0.00085
0.00061
0.00104
0.00138
0.00168
0.00195
0.00242
0.00306
0.00437
0.00664
0.00969
0.01450
0.02274
0.03433
0.05479
0.14323
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
188
0.03733
0.01041
0.00426
0.00305
0.00516
0.00685
0.00836
0.00971
0.01205
0.01520
0.02162
0.03265
0.04730
0.06997
0.10759
0.15809
0.24096
1.00000
100 000
96 267
95 265
94 859
94 570
94 082
93 437
92 656
91 756
90 650
89 272
87 342
84 490
80 494
74 861
66 807
56 246
42 692
3 733
1 002
405
289
488
645
781
900
1 106
1 378
1 930
2 852
3 996
5 632
8 055
10 561
13 553
42 692
Mortalidad

1995-2000
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
96 318
0.95190 a
379 630
0.99068 b
471 514
0.99608
469 668
0.99383
466 771
0.98877
461 528
0.98510
454 651
0.98443
447 570
0.98407
440 442
0.98144
432 266
0.97485
421 393
0.96406
406 249
0.95073
386 234
0.92564
357 512
0.88857
317 677
0.83892
266 504
0.77757
207 225
0.53332 c
236 816
6 719 967
6 623 649
6 244 019
5 772 505
5 302 837
4 836 067
4 374 539
3 919 888
3 472 319
3 031 877
2 599 610
2 178 217
1 771 968
1 385 734
1 028 221
710 545
444 041
236 816
67.20
69.31
66.07
61.34
56.55
52.03
47.72
43.46
39.09
34.71
30.38
26.25
22.29
18.48
15.12
12.03
9.34
6.70
97 151
0.96310 a
384 401
0.99282 b
478 095
0.99668
476 506
0.99604
474 618
0.99396
471 751
0.99225
468 095
0.99081
463 794
0.98901
458 699
0.98642
452 471
0.98188
444 270
0.97330
432 407
0.96075
415 434
0.94316
391 822
0.91547
358 702
0.87699
314 579
0.82004
257 968
0.56220 c
331 266
7 172 030
7 074 878
6 690 477
6 212 382
5 735 875
5 261 257
4 789 506
4 321 411
3 857 617
3 398 918
2 946 448
2 502 178
2 069 770
1 654 337
1 262 515
903 813
589 234
331 266
71.72
73.22
69.84
65.09
60.27
55.57
50.94
46.36
41.79
37.28
32.81
28.47
24.33
20.40
16.70
13.32
10.16
7.33
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.04602
0.00279
0.00086
0.00071
0.00177
0.00275
0.00326
0.00302
0.00341
0.00410
0.00612
0.00856
0.01172
0.01947
0.02824
0.04314
0.05894
0.14922
0.04433
0.01110
0.00431
0.00352
0.00883
0.01366
0.01616
0.01498
0.01689
0.02027
0.03014
0.04192
0.05693
0.09285
0.13190
0.19470
0.25687
1.00000
100 000
95 567
94 506
94 099
93 768
92 940
91 671
90 189
88 838
87 338
85 568
82 989
79 510
74 983
68 021
59 049
47 552
35 338
4 433
1 061
407
331
828
1 269
1 481
1 351
1 500
1 770
2 579
3 479
4 527
6 962
8 972
11 497
12 215
35 338
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.03478
0.00213
0.00077
0.00057
0.00102
0.00140
0.00171
0.00198
0.00244
0.00303
0.00430
0.00656
0.00952
0.01401
0.02162
0.03145
0.04943
0.13650
0.03379
0.00847
0.00382
0.00282
0.00511
0.00698
0.00853
0.00985
0.01214
0.01504
0.02126
0.03226
0.04648
0.06770
0.10258
0.14578
0.21997
1.00000
100 000
96 621
95 802
95 436
95 167
94 681
94 020
93 218
92 300
91 180
89 809
87 899
85 064
81 110
75 619
67 862
57 969
45 218
3 379
819
366
269
486
661
802
918
1 120
1 371
1 909
2 836
3 954
5 491
7 757
9 893
12 752
45 218
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
189
Mortality

2000-2005
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
96 600
0.95689 a
381 847
0.99257 b
474 894
0.99668
473 320
0.99440
470 670
0.98948
465 718
0.98581
459 110
0.98513
452 281
0.98489
445 446
0.98252
437 660
0.97646
427 357
0.96656
413 064
0.95469
394 348
0.93164
367 388
0.89749
329 729
0.85207
280 954
0.79661
223 810
0.55200 c
275 761
6 869 956
6 773 356
6 391 509
5 916 615
5 443 295
4 972 626
4 506 908
4 047 798
3 595 517
3 150 071
2 712 411
2 285 055
1 871 990
1 477 643
1 110 254
780 525
499 572
275 761
68.70
70.59
67.17
62.41
57.59
53.04
48.70
44.43
40.04
35.65
31.29
27.12
23.12
19.25
15.82
12.65
9.86
7.10
97 403
0.96753 a
386 360
0.99444 b
481 073
0.99711
479 683
0.99626
477 888
0.99400
475 021
0.99218
471 306
0.99076
466 949
0.98902
461 822
0.98663
455 649
0.98240
447 627
0.97404
436 009
0.96190
419 395
0.94558
396 571
0.92058
365 074
0.88813
324 235
0.84065
272 566
0.58057 c
377 287
7 291 918
7 194 515
6 808 155
6 327 082
5 847 399
5 369 511
4 894 490
4 423 184
3 956 236
3 494 413
3 038 765
2 591 137
2 155 128
1 735 733
1 339 162
974 088
649 853
377 287
72.92
74.20
70.64
65.87
61.03
56.32
51.70
47.13
42.57
38.06
33.59
29.25
25.12
21.18
17.46
14.05
10.77
7.75
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.04185
0.00212
0.00072
0.00061
0.00164
0.00260
0.00312
0.00287
0.00322
0.00383
0.00572
0.00792
0.01068
0.01788
0.02576
0.03921
0.05290
0.14085
0.04043
0.00842
0.00358
0.00305
0.00816
0.01290
0.01549
0.01424
0.01600
0.01899
0.02819
0.03885
0.05203
0.08559
0.12100
0.17856
0.23362
1.00000
100 000
95 957
95 149
94 808
94 520
93 748
92 539
91 105
89 807
88 371
86 693
84 250
80 976
76 763
70 192
61 699
50 682
38 842
4 043
808
341
289
771
1 209
1 434
1 298
1 436
1 678
2 444
3 273
4 213
6 571
8 493
11 017
11 840
38 842
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.03119
0.00153
0.00065
0.00050
0.00100
0.00141
0.00173
0.00199
0.00243
0.00295
0.00416
0.00639
0.00921
0.01329
0.02008
0.02778
0.04278
0.12903
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
190
0.03038
0.00608
0.00327
0.00252
0.00497
0.00703
0.00861
0.00988
0.01209
0.01466
0.02059
0.03143
0.04499
0.06430
0.09559
0.12986
0.19325
1.00000
100 000
96 962
96 372
96 057
95 816
95 339
94 669
93 853
92 926
91 803
90 457
88 594
85 809
81 949
76 680
69 350
60 344
48 683
3 038
590
315
242
476
671
815
927
1 123
1 346
1 862
2 785
3 861
5 269
7 330
9 006
11 661
48 683
Mortalidad

2005-2010
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
96 900
0.96088 a
383 542
0.99322 b
477 187
0.99695
475 731
0.99487
473 289
0.99037
468 730
0.98699
462 631
0.98629
456 287
0.98594
449 873
0.98360
442 494
0.97778
432 663
0.96831
418 950
0.95677
400 838
0.93465
374 642
0.90181
337 856
0.85771
289 783
0.80301
232 698
0.55976 c
295 879
6 969 974
6 873 074
6 489 532
6 012 345
5 536 613
5 063 325
4 594 595
4 131 964
3 675 677
3 225 803
2 783 309
2 350 647
1 931 697
1 530 859
1 156 217
818 361
528 578
295 879
69.70
71.35
67.89
63.10
58.27
53.69
49.30
44.98
40.55
36.12
31.74
27.54
23.50
19.60
16.12
12.91
10.07
7.29
97 670
0.97086 a
387 759
0.99487 b
482 940
0.99732
481 644
0.99653
479 972
0.99443
477 300
0.99274
473 833
0.99140
469 756
0.98976
464 945
0.98749
459 129
0.98348
451 546
0.97562
440 539
0.96417
424 754
0.94873
402 977
0.92503
372 765
0.89406
333 273
0.84841
282 753
0.59088 c
408 370
7 391 922
7 294 252
6 906 494
6 423 554
5 941 910
5 461 938
4 984 638
4 510 805
4 041 048
3 576 104
3 116 975
2 665 430
2 224 891
1 800 137
1 397 160
1 024 395
691 122
408 370
73.92
74.98
71.40
66.61
61.76
57.03
52.39
47.79
43.21
38.68
34.18
29.81
25.64
21.66
17.89
14.42
11.10
8.04
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.03782
0.00193
0.00066
0.00056
0.00150
0.00238
0.00287
0.00266
0.00301
0.00361
0.00540
0.00752
0.01021
0.01704
0.02466
0.03761
0.05129
0.13712
0.03665
0.00768
0.00330
0.00280
0.00747
0.01181
0.01423
0.01319
0.01493
0.01789
0.02662
0.03690
0.04980
0.08172
0.11612
0.17189
0.22731
1.00000
100 000
96 335
95 595
95 280
95 013
94 303
93 189
91 863
90 652
89 298
87 700
85 365
82 215
78 120
71 736
63 406
52 507
40 572
3 665
740
315
267
710
1 114
1 326
1 212
1 354
1 598
2 335
3 150
4 094
6 384
8 330
10 899
11 935
40 572
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.02782
0.00141
0.00061
0.00047
0.00092
0.00131
0.00161
0.00185
0.00227
0.00277
0.00390
0.00599
0.00865
0.01250
0.01891
0.02625
0.04052
0.12445
0.02717
0.00564
0.00303
0.00234
0.00461
0.00653
0.00801
0.00921
0.01129
0.01374
0.01933
0.02952
0.04233
0.06061
0.09026
0.12318
0.18398
1.00000
100 000
97 283
96 735
96 441
96 216
95 773
95 147
94 386
93 517
92 461
91 190
89 428
86 788
83 114
78 077
71 029
62 280
50 821
2 717
548
293
225
444
625
762
869
1 056
1 271
1 763
2 640
3 673
5 038
7 047
8 750
11 458
50 821
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
191
Mortality

2010-2015
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
97 185
0.96465 a
385 141
0.99386 b
479 364
0.99721
478 027
0.99532
475 792
0.99125
471 627
0.98815
466 039
0.98743
460 183
0.98699
454 194
0.98466
447 227
0.97909
437 875
0.97003
424 753
0.95883
407 264
0.93762
381 860
0.90607
345 994
0.86329
298 692
0.80933
241 740
0.56730 c
316 945
7 069 903
6 972 719
6 587 577
6 108 213
5 630 186
5 154 394
4 682 768
4 216 729
3 756 546
3 302 352
2 855 124
2 417 249
1 992 496
1 585 232
1 203 371
857 377
558 685
316 945
70.70
72.11
68.61
63.81
58.97
54.35
49.91
45.54
41.07
36.61
32.19
27.96
23.88
19.95
16.42
13.17
10.28
7.49
97 915
0.97393 a
389 052
0.99529 b
484 675
0.99752
483 474
0.99680
481 924
0.99486
479 448
0.99328
476 228
0.99203
472 432
0.99048
467 936
0.98834
462 479
0.98456
455 337
0.97718
444 947
0.96642
430 004
0.95184
409 294
0.92942
380 407
0.89990
342 330
0.85609
293 064
0.60076 c
440 987
7 491 935
7 394 019
7 004 968
6 520 293
6 036 819
5 554 894
5 075 446
4 599 218
4 126 786
3 658 850
3 196 371
2 741 034
2 296 087
1 866 082
1 456 788
1 076 381
734 051
440 987
74.92
75.78
72.16
67.36
62.50
57.76
53.09
48.47
43.86
39.30
34.78
30.38
26.17
22.15
18.33
14.80
11.43
8.32
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.03406
0.00175
0.00060
0.00051
0.00136
0.00216
0.00261
0.00245
0.00280
0.00339
0.00508
0.00712
0.00975
0.01621
0.02357
0.03604
0.04971
0.13359
0.03310
0.00696
0.00301
0.00256
0.00679
0.01073
0.01298
0.01215
0.01389
0.01681
0.02508
0.03498
0.04760
0.07790
0.11131
0.16530
0.22107
1.00000
100 000
96 690
96 017
95 728
95 483
94 834
93 816
92 599
91 474
90 204
88 687
86 463
83 439
79 467
73 277
65 121
54 356
42 340
3 310
673
289
246
648
1 018
1 217
1 125
1 270
1 516
2 224
3 024
3 971
6 190
8 156
10 764
12 017
42 340
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.02474
0.00130
0.00056
0.00043
0.00085
0.00121
0.00149
0.00172
0.00211
0.00258
0.00365
0.00561
0.00810
0.01173
0.01776
0.02476
0.03832
0.12018
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
192
0.02422
0.00520
0.00280
0.00216
0.00425
0.00603
0.00741
0.00854
0.01050
0.01283
0.01808
0.02764
0.03970
0.05698
0.08500
0.11659
0.17484
1.00000
100 000
97 578
97 071
96 799
96 590
96 179
95 600
94 892
94 081
93 093
91 898
90 237
87 742
84 259
79 459
72 704
64 228
52 998
2 422
507
272
209
411
580
708
810
988
1 195
1 662
2 494
3 483
4 801
6 754
8 477
11 230
52 998
Mortalidad

2015-2020
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
97 451
0.96806 a
386 579
0.99434 b
481 292
0.99740
480 041
0.99566
477 958
0.99189
474 079
0.98900
468 865
0.98827
463 366
0.98775
457 688
0.98544
451 023
0.98004
442 022
0.97129
429 333
0.96033
412 300
0.93980
387 478
0.90919
352 290
0.86736
305 562
0.81394
248 709
0.57311 c
333 905
7 149 942
7 052 490
6 665 911
6 184 619
5 704 578
5 226 621
4 752 541
4 283 676
3 820 311
3 362 622
2 911 599
2 469 577
2 040 244
1 627 944
1 240 467
888 177
582 615
333 905
71.50
72.69
69.15
64.34
59.49
54.85
50.38
45.96
41.46
36.98
32.54
28.28
24.17
20.22
16.66
13.37
10.44
7.64
98 137
0.97672 a
390 223
0.99570 b
486 261
0.99772
485 154
0.99706
483 728
0.99528
481 447
0.99383
478 476
0.99266
474 962
0.99120
470 784
0.98918
465 689
0.98562
458 994
0.97873
449 229
0.96864
435 143
0.95492
415 528
0.93378
388 012
0.90571
351 425
0.86370
303 527
0.61024 c
475 225
7 591 942
7 493 805
7 103 582
6 617 322
6 132 168
5 648 440
5 166 993
4 688 517
4 213 555
3 742 772
3 277 083
2 818 089
2 368 860
1 933 717
1 518 189
1 130 177
778 752
475 225
75.92
76.59
72.95
68.13
63.26
58.50
53.81
49.16
44.53
39.95
35.40
30.96
26.71
22.65
18.78
15.20
11.77
8.61
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.03061
0.00161
0.00056
0.00048
0.00126
0.00200
0.00243
0.00229
0.00264
0.00323
0.00485
0.00683
0.00941
0.01561
0.02279
0.03490
0.04856
0.13088
0.02983
0.00643
0.00281
0.00239
0.00629
0.00995
0.01206
0.01139
0.01312
0.01602
0.02396
0.03357
0.04599
0.07511
0.10779
0.16049
0.21652
1.00000
100 000
97 017
96 394
96 123
95 893
95 290
94 342
93 204
92 142
90 933
89 476
87 333
84 401
80 519
74 472
66 444
55 781
43 703
2 983
623
270
230
604
948
1 138
1 062
1 209
1 457
2 143
2 932
3 881
6 047
8 028
10 663
12 078
43 703
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.02198
0.00119
0.00051
0.00040
0.00078
0.00111
0.00137
0.00158
0.00195
0.00240
0.00340
0.00522
0.00756
0.01097
0.01662
0.02329
0.03615
0.11619
0.02157
0.00476
0.00257
0.00198
0.00390
0.00553
0.00681
0.00788
0.00972
0.01193
0.01685
0.02577
0.03709
0.05337
0.07979
0.11006
0.16578
1.00000
100 000
97 843
97 377
97 127
96 935
96 556
96 022
95 368
94 617
93 697
92 579
91 019
88 673
85 384
80 827
74 378
66 192
55 219
2 157
466
250
192
378
534
654
751
920
1 118
1 560
2 346
3 289
4 557
6 449
8 186
10 973
55 219
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
193
Mortality
PER: TABLAS ABREVIADAS DE MORTALIDAD

PERU: ABRIDGED LIFE TABLES
1980-1985
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
93 798
355 364
435 769
432 362
429 093
424 210
418 218
411 622
403 947
394 420
381 935
365 044
341 791
310 067
267 381
211 927
146 317
122 734
0.89832 a
0.97018 b
0.99218
0.99244
0.98862
0.98587
0.98423
0.98135
0.97642
0.96835
0.95577
0.93630
0.90718
0.86233
0.79260
0.69041
0.45617 c
0.00000
5 946 000
5 852 202
5 496 838
5 061 069
4 628 707
4 199 614
3 775 404
3 357 186
2 945 564
2 541 617
2 147 197
1 765 262
1 400 217
1 058 427
748 360
480 979
269 051
122 734
59.46
64.15
62.77
58.35
53.69
49.16
44.81
40.43
36.09
31.79
27.60
23.55
19.71
16.12
12.82
9.90
7.44
5.49
94 639
361 176
443 772
440 919
438 327
434 782
430 354
425 230
419 252
412 007
403 026
391 175
374 711
350 559
314 218
261 388
192 766
186 701
0.91163 a
0.97358 b
0.99357
0.99412
0.99191
0.98981
0.98809
0.98594
0.98272
0.97820
0.97060
0.95791
0.93554
0.89633
0.83187
0.73747
0.49201 c
0.00000
6 375 000
6 280 361
5 919 185
5 475 413
5 034 495
4 596 168
4 161 386
3 731 032
3 305 802
2 886 550
2 474 544
2 071 518
1 680 342
1 305 631
955 073
640 855
379 467
186 701
63.75
67.89
66.43
61.94
57.23
52.61
48.08
43.59
39.12
34.69
30.32
26.02
21.86
17.88
14.21
10.96
8.24
6.02
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.09358
0.01027
0.00192
0.00122
0.00182
0.00276
0.00293
0.00343
0.00410
0.00546
0.00744
0.01073
0.01576
0.02355
0.03654
0.05856
0.09454
0.18207
0.08789
0.04001
0.00956
0.00606
0.00907
0.01371
0.01455
0.01701
0.02032
0.02692
0.03652
0.05223
0.07581
0.11122
0.16742
0.25541
0.38235
1.00000
100 000
91 222
87 572
86 735
86 210
85 428
84 257
83 031
81 618
79 960
77 808
74 966
71 051
65 665
58 362
48 591
36 180
22 347
8 778
3 650
837
526
782
1 171
1 226
1 412
1 658
2 153
2 841
3 915
5 386
7 303
9 771
12 411
13 833
22 347
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.07923
0.00939
0.00160
0.00098
0.00138
0.00187
0.00223
0.00256
0.00310
0.00388
0.00495
0.00702
0.01025
0.01660
0.02774
0.04750
0.07799
0.16624
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
194
0.07507
0.03667
0.00798
0.00487
0.00689
0.00929
0.01109
0.01273
0.01540
0.01919
0.02446
0.03448
0.04997
0.07970
0.12971
0.21228
0.32632
1.00000
100 000
92 502
89 110
88 399
87 969
87 362
86 551
85 591
84 501
83 200
81 603
79 607
76 863
73 022
67 202
58 485
46 070
31 036
7 498
3 392
711
430
606
811
960
1 089
1 302
1 597
1 996
2 745
3 841
5 820
8 716
12 415
15 034
31 036
Mortalidad

1985-1990
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
94 539
363 210
446 981
443 957
441 084
436 780
431 340
425 233
418 014
408 901
396 830
380 359
357 479
326 106
283 681
228 815
164 368
160 321
0.91550 a
0.97648 b
0.99323
0.99353
0.99024
0.98755
0.98584
0.98302
0.97820
0.97048
0.95849
0.93985
0.91224
0.86991
0.80659
0.71834
0.49377 c
0.00000
6 208 000
6 113 461
5 750 251
5 303 270
4 859 313
4 418 229
3 981 449
3 550 108
3 124 875
2 706 862
2 297 961
1 901 131
1 520 771
1 163 292
837 186
553 504
324 689
160 321
62.08
65.98
64.05
59.57
54.87
50.28
45.85
41.43
37.03
32.69
28.46
24.38
20.51
16.90
13.59
10.67
8.19
6.15
95 441
369 294
455 446
453 077
451 075
448 355
444 838
440 545
435 222
428 472
419 788
408 137
391 745
367 650
331 541
279 886
214 485
242 003
0.92947 a
0.98001 b
0.99480
0.99558
0.99397
0.99215
0.99035
0.98792
0.98449
0.97973
0.97225
0.95984
0.93849
0.90178
0.84420
0.76633
0.53014 c
0.00000
6 677 000
6 581 559
6 212 266
5 756 820
5 303 742
4 852 668
4 404 312
3 959 474
3 518 929
3 083 707
2 655 235
2 235 447
1 827 310
1 435 565
1 067 915
736 374
456 488
242 003
66.77
70.01
67.97
63.41
58.64
53.93
49.29
44.70
40.15
35.67
31.26
26.94
22.76
18.79
15.12
11.88
9.13
6.76
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.07765
0.00795
0.00168
0.00104
0.00156
0.00237
0.00265
0.00306
0.00380
0.00503
0.00698
0.01004
0.01492
0.02213
0.03439
0.05328
0.08266
0.16267
0.07473
0.03117
0.00834
0.00518
0.00777
0.01176
0.01316
0.01517
0.01881
0.02485
0.03431
0.04896
0.07192
0.10483
0.15832
0.23509
0.34253
1.00000
100 000
92 659
89 771
89 022
88 561
87 873
86 839
85 697
84 396
82 809
80 751
77 981
74 163
68 829
61 614
51 859
39 667
26 080
7 341
2 888
749
461
688
1 033
1 143
1 300
1 587
2 058
2 770
3 818
5 334
7 215
9 755
12 192
13 587
26 080
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.06274
0.00710
0.00133
0.00075
0.00102
0.00140
0.00175
0.00213
0.00274
0.00352
0.00468
0.00661
0.00985
0.01572
0.02614
0.04286
0.06604
0.14799
0.06096
0.02787
0.00663
0.00376
0.00508
0.00698
0.00871
0.01060
0.01358
0.01746
0.02312
0.03249
0.04809
0.07561
0.12268
0.19356
0.28341
1.00000
100 000
94 012
91 392
90 786
90 445
89 985
89 357
88 578
87 640
86 449
84 940
82 975
80 279
76 419
70 641
61 975
49 979
35 815
5 988
2 620
606
342
459
628
779
939
1 190
1 510
1 964
2 696
3 860
5 778
8 666
11 996
14 165
35 815
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
195
Mortality

1990-1995
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
95 865
0.93412 a
371 196
0.97742 b
456 515
0.99331
453 461
0.99436
450 905
0.99196
447 280
0.98978
442 710
0.98856
437 645
0.98577
431 418
0.98057
423 036
0.97244
411 376
0.95995
394 899
0.94077
371 511
0.91432
339 680
0.87442
297 023
0.81585
242 326
0.73472
178 043
0.52277 c
195 034
6 439 923
6 344 057
5 972 861
5 516 345
5 062 885
4 611 980
4 164 700
3 721 990
3 284 345
2 852 927
2 429 891
2 018 516
1 623 616
1 252 106
912 426
615 403
373 077
195 034
64.40
66.99
65.14
60.68
55.96
51.31
46.78
42.27
37.75
33.34
29.05
24.95
21.07
17.50
14.18
11.30
8.79
6.78
96 636
0.94736 a
377 042
0.98263 b
465 450
0.99556
463 383
0.99695
461 970
0.99570
459 981
0.99398
457 212
0.99197
453 540
0.98911
448 602
0.98546
442 080
0.98061
433 506
0.97318
421 879
0.96065
405 280
0.93941
380 726
0.90291
343 762
0.84870
291 750
0.78231
228 239
0.55870 c
288 959
6 920 000
6 823 364
6 446 322
5 980 872
5 517 488
5 055 519
4 595 538
4 138 325
3 684 785
3 236 183
2 794 103
2 360 596
1 938 717
1 533 437
1 152 711
808 948
517 198
288 959
69.20
71.21
69.03
64.45
59.61
54.81
50.08
45.41
40.81
36.30
31.87
27.54
23.35
19.39
15.75
12.58
9.87
7.43
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.05529
0.00809
0.00173
0.00095
0.00131
0.00192
0.00219
0.00241
0.00332
0.00454
0.00667
0.00974
0.01483
0.02126
0.03313
0.04968
0.07681
0.14752
0.05300
0.03170
0.00861
0.00475
0.00653
0.00956
0.01089
0.01200
0.01648
0.02242
0.03282
0.04753
0.07151
0.10094
0.15299
0.22094
0.32219
1.00000
100 000
94 700
91 698
90 908
90 476
89 886
89 026
88 057
87 001
85 567
83 648
80 902
77 057
71 547
64 325
54 484
42 446
28 771
5 300
3 002
790
432
590
859
969
1 057
1 434
1 919
2 745
3 845
5 510
7 222
9 841
12 038
13 676
28 771
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.04331
0.00645
0.00125
0.00053
0.00070
0.00103
0.00139
0.00184
0.00254
0.00332
0.00453
0.00637
0.00975
0.01542
0.02593
0.04076
0.05921
0.13459
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
196
0.04185
0.02540
0.00624
0.00263
0.00348
0.00513
0.00691
0.00916
0.01263
0.01647
0.02237
0.03137
0.04758
0.07424
0.12176
0.18494
0.25787
1.00000
100 000
95 815
93 381
92 799
92 555
92 233
91 760
91 125
90 291
89 150
87 682
85 720
83 031
79 081
73 210
64 295
52 405
38 891
4 185
2 434
583
244
322
473
634
835
1 141
1 468
1 962
2 689
3 950
5 871
8 914
11 891
13 513
38 891
Mortalidad

1995-2000
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
96 445
0.94861 a
377 862
0.98480 b
467 097
0.99457
464 560
0.99447
461 992
0.99138
458 010
0.98850
452 744
0.98649
446 629
0.98376
439 376
0.97935
430 305
0.97239
418 423
0.96154
402 329
0.94439
379 956
0.91830
348 913
0.87819
306 413
0.82112
251 603
0.74775
188 137
0.52649 c
209 190
6 599 983
6 503 538
6 125 677
5 658 580
5 194 020
4 732 028
4 274 018
3 821 273
3 374 644
2 935 268
2 504 963
2 086 540
1 684 211
1 304 256
955 343
648 930
397 327
209 190
66.00
67.97
65.36
60.77
56.02
51.39
46.91
42.47
38.06
33.71
29.45
25.35
21.43
17.78
14.43
11.51
8.98
6.75
97 130
0.95842 a
382 082
0.98782 b
473 376
0.99588
471 425
0.99616
469 613
0.99501
467 270
0.99360
464 281
0.99208
460 603
0.98988
455 940
0.98650
449 783
0.98151
441 465
0.97424
430 091
0.96251
413 968
0.94298
390 363
0.91070
355 503
0.86154
306 279
0.79864
244 608
0.56384 c
316 212
7 089 992
6 992 863
6 610 780
6 137 404
5 665 979
5 196 366
4 729 095
4 264 814
3 804 211
3 348 271
2 898 488
2 457 024
2 026 933
1 612 965
1 222 602
867 099
560 820
316 212
70.90
72.40
69.66
64.98
60.20
55.45
50.75
46.09
41.48
36.93
32.47
28.13
23.93
19.94
16.24
12.95
10.09
7.48
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.04479
0.00517
0.00132
0.00086
0.00136
0.00210
0.00252
0.00292
0.00364
0.00472
0.00651
0.00924
0.01377
0.02059
0.03204
0.04812
0.07058
0.14813
0.04320
0.02041
0.00657
0.00428
0.00678
0.01047
0.01254
0.01449
0.01801
0.02333
0.03201
0.04514
0.06658
0.09790
0.14831
0.21477
0.29997
1.00000
100 000
95 680
93 727
93 111
92 713
92 084
91 120
89 978
88 674
87 077
85 045
82 324
78 608
73 374
66 191
56 374
44 267
30 988
4 320
1 953
616
398
629
964
1 142
1 304
1 597
2 031
2 722
3 716
5 233
7 184
9 817
12 108
13 279
30 988
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.03515
0.00440
0.00097
0.00068
0.00086
0.00114
0.00143
0.00176
0.00232
0.00313
0.00435
0.00611
0.00923
0.01440
0.02341
0.03711
0.05438
0.13368
0.03414
0.01740
0.00484
0.00340
0.00429
0.00569
0.00711
0.00875
0.01151
0.01552
0.02152
0.03010
0.04510
0.06951
0.11058
0.16981
0.23935
1.00000
100 000
96 586
94 905
94 445
94 125
93 721
93 187
92 525
91 716
90 660
89 253
87 333
84 704
80 884
75 262
66 939
55 572
42 271
3 414
1 681
460
321
404
534
662
809
1 056
1 407
1 921
2 629
3 820
5 622
8 322
11 367
13 301
42 271
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
197
Mortality

2000-2005
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
97 080
0.96224 a
384 040
0.99141 b
476 989
0.99570
474 938
0.99457
472 359
0.99086
468 041
0.98736
462 122
0.98464
455 024
0.98196
446 814
0.97826
437 101
0.97234
425 010
0.96296
409 269
0.94764
387 841
0.92187
357 537
0.88158
315 198
0.82586
260 309
0.75950
197 706
0.52961 c
222 594
6 749 972
6 652 892
6 268 852
5 791 863
5 316 925
4 844 566
4 376 525
3 914 403
3 459 379
3 012 565
2 575 464
2 150 454
1 741 185
1 353 344
995 807
680 610
420 300
222 594
67.50
68.86
65.56
60.86
56.08
51.46
47.02
42.65
38.34
34.04
29.83
25.71
21.75
18.03
14.66
11.71
9.14
6.72
97 666
0.96877 a
386 720
0.99219 b
480 603
0.99615
478 751
0.99549
476 590
0.99443
473 936
0.99328
470 752
0.99217
467 066
0.99052
462 641
0.98737
456 798
0.98227
448 699
0.97513
437 542
0.96409
421 829
0.94600
399 051
0.91731
366 054
0.87245
319 362
0.81251
259 486
0.56819 c
341 440
7 244 989
7 147 323
6 760 602
6 279 999
5 801 247
5 324 657
4 850 721
4 379 968
3 912 902
3 450 261
2 993 463
2 544 764
2 107 222
1 685 393
1 286 342
920 288
600 926
341 440
72.45
73.43
70.21
65.45
60.71
56.00
51.33
46.69
42.07
37.49
33.01
28.66
24.44
20.43
16.68
13.28
10.28
7.53
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.03485
0.00258
0.00095
0.00077
0.00141
0.00227
0.00282
0.00337
0.00392
0.00489
0.00635
0.00879
0.01283
0.01999
0.03106
0.04674
0.06512
0.14872
0.03383
0.01027
0.00474
0.00386
0.00701
0.01129
0.01402
0.01672
0.01939
0.02414
0.03127
0.04299
0.06215
0.09518
0.14410
0.20923
0.28003
1.00000
100 000
96 617
95 624
95 171
94 804
94 139
93 077
91 772
90 237
88 488
86 352
83 652
80 056
75 080
67 934
58 145
45 979
33 104
3 383
993
453
367
665
1 062
1 305
1 535
1 749
2 136
2 701
3 596
4 975
7 146
9 789
12 166
12 875
33 104
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.02733
0.00267
0.00073
0.00081
0.00100
0.00124
0.00146
0.00169
0.00212
0.00296
0.00420
0.00589
0.00879
0.01354
0.02130
0.03407
0.05036
0.13286
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
198
0.02669
0.01063
0.00365
0.00405
0.00498
0.00617
0.00727
0.00839
0.01057
0.01471
0.02079
0.02903
0.04300
0.06549
0.10109
0.15699
0.22366
1.00000
100 000
97 331
96 297
95 945
95 556
95 080
94 494
93 807
93 020
92 037
90 683
88 797
86 220
82 512
77 108
69 313
58 432
45 363
2 669
1 034
352
389
475
586
687
787
983
1 354
1 886
2 578
3 708
5 404
7 795
10 882
13 069
45 363
Mortalidad

2005-2010
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
97 883
0.97320 a
388 715
0.99362 b
483 495
0.99620
481 656
0.99488
479 190
0.99123
474 986
0.98775
469 168
0.98498
462 120
0.98239
453 981
0.97895
444 424
0.97342
432 614
0.96464
417 315
0.95016
396 518
0.92522
366 867
0.88609
325 077
0.83215
270 512
0.76858
207 910
0.53638 c
240 537
6 892 967
6 795 084
6 406 369
5 922 874
5 441 218
4 962 028
4 487 042
4 017 875
3 555 755
3 101 774
2 657 350
2 224 736
1 807 421
1 410 903
1 044 036
718 959
448 447
240 537
68.93
69.62
66.12
61.38
56.59
51.95
47.49
43.12
38.79
34.49
30.25
26.11
22.12
18.35
14.95
11.95
9.34
6.85
98 371
0.97801 a
390 636
0.99380 b
485 976
0.99646
484 258
0.99564
482 147
0.99467
479 576
0.99365
476 528
0.99268
473 040
0.99124
468 895
0.98830
463 410
0.98345
455 739
0.97671
445 123
0.96637
430 155
0.94953
408 447
0.92309
377 034
0.88138
332 310
0.82468
274 049
0.57922 c
377 234
7 402 928
7 304 557
6 913 922
6 427 945
5 943 687
5 461 541
4 981 965
4 505 436
4 032 396
3 563 501
3 100 091
2 644 352
2 199 228
1 769 073
1 360 626
983 592
651 282
377 234
74.03
74.41
71.02
66.24
61.49
56.77
52.09
47.44
42.79
38.19
33.68
29.30
25.05
20.99
17.20
13.72
10.64
7.79
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.02443
0.00183
0.00081
0.00071
0.00134
0.00219
0.00275
0.00331
0.00380
0.00472
0.00607
0.00837
0.01217
0.01917
0.02978
0.04489
0.06203
0.14606
0.02391
0.00731
0.00405
0.00355
0.00669
0.01087
0.01364
0.01642
0.01883
0.02332
0.02991
0.04098
0.05907
0.09148
0.13860
0.20181
0.26851
1.00000
100 000
97 609
96 895
96 503
96 160
95 516
94 478
93 189
91 659
89 933
87 836
85 209
81 717
76 890
69 856
60 174
48 030
35 134
2 391
713
393
343
643
1 038
1 289
1 530
1 725
2 097
2 627
3 492
4 827
7 034
9 682
12 144
12 897
35 134
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01858
0.00211
0.00063
0.00079
0.00096
0.00118
0.00137
0.00157
0.00196
0.00276
0.00393
0.00552
0.00821
0.01261
0.01966
0.03152
0.04681
0.12829
0.01827
0.00839
0.00315
0.00393
0.00480
0.00587
0.00684
0.00780
0.00973
0.01368
0.01946
0.02720
0.04023
0.06113
0.09371
0.14611
0.20953
1.00000
100 000
98 173
97 348
97 042
96 661
96 197
95 633
94 978
94 238
93 321
92 043
90 252
87 797
84 265
79 114
71 700
61 224
48 396
1 827
824
306
381
464
565
655
741
917
1 277
1 791
2 455
3 532
5 151
7 414
10 476
12 828
48 396
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
199
Mortality

2010-2015
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
98 125
0.97631 a
390 030
0.99431 b
485 377
0.99660
483 727
0.99543
481 516
0.99217
477 747
0.98905
472 516
0.98651
466 141
0.98406
458 713
0.98078
449 898
0.97552
438 882
0.96715
424 464
0.95342
404 692
0.92992
376 329
0.89307
336 089
0.84188
282 945
0.78026
220 771
0.54831 c
267 994
7 015 954
6 917 828
6 527 798
6 042 422
5 558 695
5 077 180
4 599 433
4 126 917
3 660 776
3 202 063
2 752 166
2 313 284
1 888 820
1 484 128
1 107 799
771 710
488 766
267 994
70.16
70.67
67.12
62.36
57.55
52.88
48.37
43.94
39.56
35.21
30.92
26.73
22.69
18.87
15.41
12.34
9.65
7.11
98 546
0.98042 a
391 663
0.99444 b
487 485
0.99684
485 944
0.99610
484 051
0.99523
481 741
0.99430
478 993
0.99340
475 832
0.99207
472 057
0.98937
467 040
0.98492
459 998
0.97872
450 209
0.96920
436 343
0.95370
416 140
0.92932
386 729
0.89077
344 486
0.83781
288 615
0.59330 c
421 039
7 526 912
7 428 366
7 036 703
6 549 218
6 063 273
5 579 222
5 097 481
4 618 488
4 142 655
3 670 598
3 203 558
2 743 560
2 293 352
1 857 009
1 440 868
1 054 140
709 654
421 039
75.27
75.51
72.07
67.27
62.50
57.75
53.05
48.36
43.69
39.05
34.51
30.09
25.79
21.69
17.83
14.27
11.10
8.17
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.02154
0.00163
0.00073
0.00064
0.00120
0.00195
0.00246
0.00298
0.00345
0.00432
0.00561
0.00779
0.01138
0.01791
0.02784
0.04207
0.05874
0.14057
0.02114
0.00648
0.00362
0.00318
0.00597
0.00970
0.01221
0.01479
0.01710
0.02137
0.02767
0.03818
0.05531
0.08572
0.13012
0.19031
0.25608
1.00000
100 000
97 886
97 252
96 899
96 591
96 015
95 084
93 923
92 534
90 951
89 008
86 545
83 240
78 636
71 895
62 540
50 638
37 671
2 114
635
352
308
577
931
1 161
1 389
1 582
1 944
2 463
3 305
4 604
6 741
9 355
11 902
12 967
37 671
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01654
0.00188
0.00056
0.00070
0.00086
0.00105
0.00123
0.00141
0.00177
0.00250
0.00358
0.00504
0.00751
0.01154
0.01800
0.02884
0.04301
0.12236
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
200
0.01629
0.00748
0.00282
0.00350
0.00429
0.00526
0.00615
0.00705
0.00883
0.01245
0.01774
0.02488
0.03687
0.05610
0.08612
0.13452
0.19416
1.00000
100 000
98 371
97 634
97 359
97 018
96 602
96 094
95 503
94 830
93 993
92 823
91 176
88 907
85 630
80 826
73 865
63 929
51 517
1 629
736
275
341
416
508
591
673
837
1 170
1 647
2 269
3 278
4 804
6 961
9 936
12 412
51 517
Mortalidad

2015-2020
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
98 335
0.97899 a
391 160
0.99490 b
486 999
0.99695
485 512
0.99590
483 522
0.99299
480 132
0.99017
475 413
0.98782
469 624
0.98551
462 819
0.98236
454 655
0.97731
444 341
0.96931
430 703
0.95622
411 847
0.93396
384 649
0.89909
345 832
0.85026
294 047
0.79032
232 392
0.55851 c
293 990
7 125 970
7 027 636
6 636 476
6 149 477
5 663 965
5 180 443
4 700 312
4 224 899
3 755 275
3 292 456
2 837 801
2 393 461
1 962 757
1 550 910
1 166 261
820 429
526 382
293 990
71.26
71.62
68.03
63.24
58.41
53.71
49.16
44.68
40.25
35.85
31.52
27.29
23.21
19.35
15.83
12.69
9.94
7.35
98 694
0.98245 a
392 532
0.99499 b
488 764
0.99716
487 375
0.99650
485 668
0.99570
483 580
0.99485
481 087
0.99401
478 207
0.99277
474 749
0.99028
470 132
0.98617
463 631
0.98042
454 555
0.97160
441 644
0.95723
422 755
0.93460
395 109
0.89873
355 097
0.84896
301 462
0.60508 c
461 895
7 636 937
7 538 243
7 145 711
6 656 947
6 169 572
5 683 904
5 200 324
4 719 237
4 241 029
3 766 281
3 296 148
2 832 518
2 377 963
1 936 318
1 513 563
1 118 455
763 358
461 895
76.37
76.50
73.01
68.19
63.39
58.63
53.90
49.18
44.49
39.83
35.26
30.80
26.46
22.31
18.39
14.77
11.51
8.51
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01907
0.00145
0.00065
0.00057
0.00107
0.00174
0.00221
0.00269
0.00315
0.00398
0.00521
0.00729
0.01069
0.01683
0.02617
0.03966
0.05594
0.13599
0.01875
0.00577
0.00325
0.00285
0.00535
0.00868
0.01098
0.01338
0.01562
0.01969
0.02574
0.03578
0.05208
0.08077
0.12283
0.18042
0.24538
1.00000
100 000
98 125
97 558
97 241
96 964
96 445
95 608
94 557
93 292
91 835
90 027
87 710
84 572
80 167
73 692
64 641
52 978
39 979
1 875
567
317
277
519
837
1 050
1 265
1 457
1 809
2 317
3 138
4 404
6 475
9 052
11 662
13 000
39 979
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01481
0.00168
0.00051
0.00063
0.00077
0.00095
0.00112
0.00129
0.00162
0.00229
0.00328
0.00464
0.00692
0.01064
0.01660
0.02660
0.03983
0.11753
0.01462
0.00671
0.00254
0.00315
0.00386
0.00474
0.00557
0.00641
0.00806
0.01140
0.01629
0.02292
0.03402
0.05183
0.07970
0.12470
0.18114
1.00000
100 000
98 538
97 877
97 629
97 321
96 946
96 486
95 949
95 334
94 565
93 487
91 965
89 857
86 801
82 301
75 742
66 297
54 288
1 462
661
248
307
376
460
537
615
769
1 078
1 523
2 108
3 057
4 499
6 559
9 445
12 009
54 288
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
201
Mortality
REPBLICA DOMINICANA: TABLAS ABREVIADAS DE MORTALIDAD

DOMINICAN REPUBLIC: ABRIDGED LIFE TABLES
1980-1985
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
93 952
0.91666 a
364 375
0.98698 b
452 360
0.99489
450 050
0.99395
447 325
0.98953
442 640
0.98517
436 076
0.98282
428 584
0.98027
420 128
0.97549
409 831
0.96805
396 737
0.95463
378 736
0.93644
354 663
0.90563
321 194
0.86437
277 632
0.80250
222 800
0.72102
160 642
0.48655 c
152 223
6 209 949
6 115 997
5 751 621
5 299 261
4 849 211
4 401 886
3 959 246
3 523 171
3 094 587
2 674 459
2 264 628
1 867 890
1 489 154
1 134 491
813 297
535 665
312 865
152 223
62.10
66.59
63.40
58.74
54.00
49.39
45.03
40.73
36.44
32.18
28.02
23.98
20.23
16.62
13.50
10.54
8.17
5.86
94 935
0.92947 a
369 801
0.98854 b
459 409
0.99576
457 460
0.99545
455 377
0.99322
452 289
0.99128
448 343
0.98914
443 474
0.98572
437 140
0.98066
428 686
0.97350
417 324
0.96196
401 450
0.94896
380 959
0.92546
352 561
0.89387
315 145
0.84277
265 596
0.77308
205 327
0.52139 c
223 684
6 608 960
6 514 025
6 144 224
5 684 815
5 227 355
4 771 978
4 319 690
3 871 347
3 427 873
2 990 733
2 562 047
2 144 722
1 743 272
1 362 313
1 009 752
694 607
429 011
223 684
66.09
69.93
66.71
62.02
57.24
52.54
47.95
43.38
38.89
34.49
30.23
26.10
22.23
18.42
15.06
11.77
9.08
6.41
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.08683
0.00306
0.00112
0.00093
0.00150
0.00271
0.00327
0.00367
0.00431
0.00563
0.00738
0.01128
0.01511
0.02500
0.03384
0.05627
0.07672
0.17058
0.08158
0.01216
0.00559
0.00463
0.00749
0.01348
0.01620
0.01818
0.02131
0.02778
0.03624
0.05485
0.07278
0.11765
0.15600
0.24667
0.32188
1.00000
100 000
91 842
90 725
90 219
89 801
89 129
87 927
86 503
84 931
83 121
80 812
77 883
73 611
68 254
60 224
50 829
38 291
25 966
8 158
1 117
507
417
673
1 201
1 424
1 572
1 810
2 309
2 929
4 272
5 357
8 030
9 395
12 538
12 325
25 966
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.07215
0.00283
0.00096
0.00074
0.00109
0.00164
0.00187
0.00250
0.00326
0.00457
0.00620
0.00937
0.01164
0.01964
0.02551
0.04435
0.06004
0.15603
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
202
0.06850
0.01125
0.00478
0.00370
0.00541
0.00816
0.00929
0.01244
0.01615
0.02258
0.03052
0.04580
0.05654
0.09363
0.11992
0.19962
0.26103
1.00000
100 000
93 150
92 102
91 662
91 323
90 828
90 087
89 250
88 140
86 716
84 758
82 172
78 408
73 975
67 049
59 009
47 229
34 901
6 850
1 048
441
339
494
741
837
1 111
1 423
1 958
2 587
3 763
4 433
6 926
8 041
11 779
12 328
34 901
Mortalidad

1985-1990
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
94 783
0.92965 a
370 042
0.98993 b
460 144
0.99603
458 315
0.99457
455 828
0.99000
451 269
0.98556
444 754
0.98225
436 862
0.97920
427 774
0.97520
417 166
0.96816
403 885
0.95635
386 257
0.93923
362 782
0.91182
330 792
0.87368
289 006
0.81847
236 543
0.74453
176 113
0.56286 c
226 759
6 429 074
6 334 291
5 964 249
5 504 105
5 045 790
4 589 962
4 138 693
3 693 939
3 257 077
2 829 303
2 412 137
2 008 252
1 621 995
1 259 213
928 421
639 415
402 872
226 759
64.29
68.04
64.67
59.93
55.15
50.53
46.16
41.87
37.65
33.44
29.32
25.33
21.56
18.02
14.87
12.02
9.72
7.82
95 697
0.94185 a
375 229
0.99132 b
466 837
0.99663
465 265
0.99606
463 431
0.99408
460 687
0.99237
457 172
0.99044
452 799
0.98717
446 989
0.98304
439 409
0.97700
429 300
0.96669
415 001
0.95328
395 612
0.93257
368 935
0.90463
333 750
0.86044
287 171
0.79761
229 052
0.57878 c
314 725
6 897 061
6 801 364
6 426 135
5 959 298
5 494 033
5 030 602
4 569 915
4 112 744
3 659 944
3 212 955
2 773 547
2 344 246
1 929 245
1 533 633
1 164 698
830 948
543 777
314 725
68.97
72.08
68.70
63.94
59.13
54.41
49.78
45.17
40.64
36.21
31.87
27.68
23.73
19.93
16.49
13.22
10.46
7.94
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.07285
0.00236
0.00084
0.00075
0.00143
0.00260
0.00322
0.00395
0.00447
0.00559
0.00738
0.01054
0.01466
0.02260
0.03197
0.04966
0.07055
0.12793
0.06905
0.00937
0.00421
0.00374
0.00712
0.01291
0.01598
0.01954
0.02210
0.02756
0.03624
0.05133
0.07073
0.10696
0.14800
0.22088
0.29987
1.00000
100 000
93 095
92 223
91 835
91 491
90 840
89 667
88 234
86 511
84 599
82 268
79 286
75 216
69 897
62 420
53 182
41 435
29 010
6 905
872
388
344
651
1 173
1 433
1 724
1 912
2 331
2 981
4 070
5 320
7 476
9 238
11 747
12 425
29 010
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.05900
0.00218
0.00072
0.00062
0.00096
0.00142
0.00164
0.00220
0.00297
0.00388
0.00545
0.00815
0.01106
0.01707
0.02330
0.03780
0.05411
0.12587
0.05646
0.00866
0.00362
0.00312
0.00477
0.00708
0.00819
0.01095
0.01473
0.01922
0.02686
0.03993
0.05379
0.08185
0.11009
0.17267
0.23830
1.00000
100 000
94 354
93 537
93 198
92 908
92 464
91 810
91 058
90 061
88 734
87 029
84 691
81 309
76 935
70 638
62 861
52 007
39 614
5 646
817
338
290
443
654
752
997
1 327
1 705
2 338
3 382
4 374
6 297
7 777
10 854
12 393
39 614
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
203
Mortality

1990-1995
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
95 939
0.94540 a
376 761
0.99192 b
468 881
0.99663
467 303
0.99497
464 951
0.99041
460 493
0.98597
454 034
0.98206
445 887
0.97863
436 359
0.97505
425 470
0.96819
411 936
0.95715
394 285
0.94051
370 829
0.91491
339 277
0.87835
298 003
0.82654
246 313
0.75631
186 289
0.62003 c
303 991
6 647 000
6 551 062
6 174 301
5 705 420
5 238 117
4 773 166
4 312 673
3 858 639
3 412 752
2 976 394
2 550 923
2 138 987
1 744 702
1 373 873
1 034 596
736 593
490 280
303 991
66.47
69.18
65.73
60.95
56.14
51.51
47.12
42.83
38.66
34.50
30.40
26.45
22.70
19.22
16.11
13.40
11.26
9.82
96 707
0.95632 a
381 454
0.99357 b
475 088
0.99727
473 791
0.99650
472 132
0.99471
469 635
0.99319
466 437
0.99142
462 437
0.98824
457 000
0.98480
450 054
0.97959
440 870
0.97016
427 715
0.95635
409 047
0.93773
383 576
0.91257
350 038
0.87368
305 821
0.81590
249 520
0.62435 c
414 717
7 186 042
7 089 334
6 707 880
6 232 792
5 759 001
5 286 868
4 817 233
4 350 796
3 888 359
3 431 359
2 981 304
2 540 434
2 112 719
1 703 672
1 320 096
970 058
664 237
414 717
71.86
74.00
70.50
65.69
60.86
56.11
51.45
46.81
42.25
37.80
33.40
29.17
25.15
21.40
17.89
14.65
11.84
9.49
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.05524
0.00202
0.00070
0.00065
0.00137
0.00249
0.00316
0.00409
0.00456
0.00556
0.00740
0.01018
0.01448
0.02137
0.03107
0.04636
0.06759
0.10185
0.05300
0.00803
0.00347
0.00326
0.00681
0.01238
0.01569
0.02023
0.02253
0.02743
0.03631
0.04963
0.06986
0.10145
0.14414
0.20771
0.28909
1.00000
100 000
94 700
93 939
93 613
93 308
92 672
91 525
90 089
88 266
86 277
83 911
80 864
76 850
71 481
64 230
54 972
43 553
30 962
5 300
761
326
305
636
1 148
1 436
1 823
1 989
2 367
3 047
4 013
5 369
7 252
9 258
11 418
12 591
30 962
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.04343
0.00171
0.00055
0.00054
0.00086
0.00126
0.00147
0.00197
0.00276
0.00337
0.00489
0.00726
0.01067
0.01519
0.02168
0.03302
0.04979
0.10536
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
204
0.04200
0.00680
0.00276
0.00270
0.00431
0.00628
0.00734
0.00982
0.01371
0.01671
0.02417
0.03565
0.05194
0.07316
0.10283
0.15251
0.22138
1.00000
100 000
95 800
95 149
94 886
94 630
94 223
93 631
92 944
92 031
90 769
89 253
87 095
83 991
79 628
73 802
66 213
56 115
43 693
4 200
651
262
256
407
591
688
913
1 262
1 517
2 157
3 105
4 363
5 826
7 589
10 098
12 423
43 693
Mortalidad

1995-2000
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
96 151
0.95211 a
379 905
0.99411 b
473 253
0.99700
471 832
0.99474
469 349
0.98928
464 316
0.98451
457 125
0.98103
448 454
0.97820
438 676
0.97497
427 697
0.96848
414 216
0.95874
397 124
0.94311
374 532
0.91877
344 110
0.88391
304 163
0.83604
254 292
0.77050
195 933
0.61563 c
313 825
6 724 952
6 628 801
6 248 896
5 775 643
5 303 812
4 834 463
4 370 147
3 913 022
3 464 568
3 025 892
2 598 195
2 183 980
1 786 856
1 412 323
1 068 214
764 050
509 758
313 825
67.25
69.52
65.92
61.11
56.29
51.70
47.39
43.17
39.04
34.89
30.80
26.85
23.05
19.53
16.35
13.57
11.23
9.52
96 996
0.96279 a
384 400
0.99538 b
479 172
0.99773
478 082
0.99694
476 621
0.99513
474 298
0.99320
471 073
0.99110
466 882
0.98863
461 573
0.98553
454 893
0.98044
445 996
0.97236
433 669
0.96057
416 568
0.94243
392 585
0.91611
359 650
0.87622
315 134
0.81886
258 049
0.63364 c
446 319
7 311 962
7 214 965
6 830 565
6 351 393
5 873 311
5 396 690
4 922 392
4 451 319
3 984 437
3 522 863
3 067 971
2 621 975
2 188 306
1 771 738
1 379 153
1 019 503
704 369
446 319
73.12
74.84
71.19
66.35
61.49
56.73
52.04
47.43
42.89
38.41
34.00
29.74
25.65
21.79
18.22
14.96
12.16
9.85
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.04836
0.00147
0.00060
0.00060
0.00151
0.00281
0.00344
0.00423
0.00459
0.00556
0.00728
0.00962
0.01392
0.02021
0.02967
0.04296
0.06339
0.10508
0.04650
0.00585
0.00299
0.00302
0.00751
0.01396
0.01704
0.02093
0.02269
0.02741
0.03574
0.04699
0.06727
0.09619
0.13810
0.19396
0.27358
1.00000
100 000
95 350
94 792
94 509
94 224
93 516
92 211
90 639
88 742
86 728
84 351
81 336
77 514
72 299
65 345
56 320
45 396
32 977
4 650
558
283
285
708
1 305
1 571
1 898
2 014
2 378
3 015
3 822
5 215
6 954
9 024
10 924
12 419
32 977
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.03700
0.00121
0.00047
0.00044
0.00078
0.00117
0.00156
0.00202
0.00256
0.00328
0.00464
0.00660
0.00955
0.01430
0.02102
0.03252
0.04877
0.10153
0.03589
0.00481
0.00235
0.00220
0.00391
0.00584
0.00777
0.01004
0.01272
0.01625
0.02292
0.03247
0.04663
0.06905
0.09984
0.15037
0.21737
1.00000
100 000
96 411
95 947
95 722
95 511
95 137
94 582
93 847
92 905
91 724
90 233
88 165
85 302
81 325
75 709
68 151
57 903
45 317
3 589
464
225
211
374
555
734
942
1 181
1 491
2 068
2 863
3 978
5 616
7 559
10 248
12 586
45 317
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
205
Mortality

2000-2005
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
96 508
0.95925 a
383 116
0.99589 b
477 654
0.99733
476 379
0.99460
473 808
0.98844
468 332
0.98346
460 585
0.98037
451 543
0.97805
441 630
0.97514
430 652
0.96899
417 296
0.96038
400 764
0.94570
379 001
0.92255
349 646
0.88929
310 937
0.84493
262 720
0.78353
205 850
0.61190 c
324 557
6 810 975
6 714 467
6 331 351
5 853 698
5 377 319
4 903 511
4 435 180
3 974 595
3 523 052
3 081 422
2 650 770
2 233 474
1 832 710
1 453 709
1 104 064
793 127
530 407
324 557
68.11
69.92
66.19
61.35
56.52
51.96
47.71
43.54
39.44
35.29
31.21
27.25
23.40
19.84
16.58
13.73
11.21
9.26
97 363
0.96910 a
387 186
0.99677 b
482 985
0.99811
482 071
0.99733
480 784
0.99551
478 626
0.99329
475 415
0.99096
471 117
0.98906
465 964
0.98626
459 560
0.98132
450 975
0.97438
439 420
0.96428
423 722
0.94668
401 131
0.91970
368 920
0.87939
324 425
0.82280
266 935
0.64185 c
478 372
7 434 970
7 337 607
6 950 421
6 467 436
5 985 365
5 504 581
5 025 955
4 550 540
4 079 423
3 613 460
3 153 899
2 702 924
2 263 504
1 839 782
1 438 652
1 069 732
745 307
478 372
74.35
75.64
71.88
67.02
62.14
57.35
52.65
48.05
43.52
39.01
34.59
30.30
26.15
22.19
18.56
15.27
12.48
10.17
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.04111
0.00099
0.00051
0.00056
0.00161
0.00305
0.00363
0.00431
0.00457
0.00551
0.00712
0.00909
0.01336
0.01910
0.02832
0.03990
0.05958
0.10795
0.03967
0.00396
0.00255
0.00278
0.00802
0.01512
0.01798
0.02131
0.02261
0.02716
0.03497
0.04443
0.06464
0.09116
0.13222
0.18141
0.25930
1.00000
100 000
96 033
95 653
95 409
95 143
94 380
92 953
91 281
89 336
87 316
84 945
81 974
78 332
73 269
66 590
57 785
47 303
35 037
3 967
380
244
265
763
1 427
1 672
1 945
2 020
2 371
2 971
3 642
5 063
6 679
8 804
10 483
12 265
35 037
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.03077
0.00080
0.00040
0.00036
0.00071
0.00109
0.00161
0.00203
0.00237
0.00317
0.00439
0.00602
0.00858
0.01347
0.02028
0.03179
0.04751
0.09835
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
206
0.02996
0.00320
0.00200
0.00179
0.00356
0.00542
0.00800
0.01009
0.01179
0.01571
0.02169
0.02964
0.04199
0.06513
0.09652
0.14727
0.21231
1.00000
100 000
97 004
96 694
96 501
96 328
95 985
95 465
94 701
93 746
92 640
91 184
89 206
86 562
82 927
77 526
70 042
59 727
47 047
2 996
310
193
173
343
521
764
955
1 106
1 456
1 978
2 644
3 635
5 401
7 483
10 315
12 681
47 047
Mortalidad

2005-2010
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
97 031
0.96526 a
385 596
0.99623 b
480 806
0.99750
479 602
0.99496
477 186
0.98924
472 051
0.98458
464 774
0.98166
456 250
0.97941
446 856
0.97656
436 382
0.97061
423 558
0.96226
407 571
0.94804
386 396
0.92566
357 669
0.89338
319 535
0.85002
271 612
0.78964
214 476
0.61363 c
340 632
6 917 983
6 820 952
6 435 356
5 954 550
5 474 947
4 997 761
4 525 710
4 060 937
3 604 687
3 157 831
2 721 449
2 297 891
1 890 320
1 503 924
1 146 255
826 719
555 108
340 632
69.18
70.59
66.84
62.00
57.15
52.56
48.28
44.06
39.91
35.72
31.59
27.59
23.70
20.10
16.79
13.88
11.31
9.28
97 771
0.97380 a
389 129
0.99706 b
485 469
0.99824
484 616
0.99752
483 416
0.99584
481 406
0.99378
478 411
0.99161
474 396
0.98982
469 567
0.98718
463 545
0.98253
455 448
0.97599
444 511
0.96645
429 596
0.94986
408 055
0.92438
377 198
0.88620
334 271
0.83224
278 193
0.64703 c
509 961
7 544 961
7 447 189
7 058 060
6 572 591
6 087 975
5 604 559
5 123 153
4 644 742
4 170 346
3 700 779
3 237 233
2 781 785
2 337 274
1 907 678
1 499 623
1 122 425
788 154
509 961
75.45
76.40
72.63
67.76
62.86
58.06
53.34
48.72
44.16
39.63
35.18
30.86
26.67
22.66
18.97
15.62
12.74
10.32
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.03469
0.00093
0.00048
0.00052
0.00150
0.00283
0.00338
0.00403
0.00430
0.00520
0.00675
0.00867
0.01277
0.01833
0.02722
0.03855
0.05774
0.10775
0.03366
0.00370
0.00240
0.00261
0.00748
0.01407
0.01678
0.01993
0.02126
0.02567
0.03321
0.04244
0.06189
0.08762
0.12745
0.17581
0.25228
1.00000
100 000
96 634
96 277
96 046
95 795
95 079
93 741
92 168
90 332
88 411
86 142
83 281
79 747
74 811
68 257
59 558
49 087
36 703
3 366
357
231
250
716
1 338
1 573
1 837
1 921
2 269
2 860
3 534
4 936
6 555
8 699
10 471
12 384
36 703
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.02585
0.00074
0.00037
0.00033
0.00066
0.00101
0.00149
0.00188
0.00221
0.00296
0.00410
0.00564
0.00805
0.01264
0.01905
0.02987
0.04474
0.09690
0.02527
0.00297
0.00185
0.00166
0.00329
0.00503
0.00742
0.00937
0.01099
0.01468
0.02030
0.02780
0.03947
0.06125
0.09093
0.13897
0.20120
1.00000
100 000
97 473
97 184
97 004
96 843
96 524
96 039
95 326
94 432
93 394
92 024
90 156
87 649
84 189
79 033
71 846
61 862
49 415
2 527
289
180
161
319
485
713
893
1 038
1 371
1 868
2 507
3 460
5 157
7 186
9 984
12 447
49 415
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
207
Mortality

2010-2015
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
97 472
0.97031 a
387 682
0.99652 b
483 467
0.99765
482 332
0.99530
480 066
0.98998
475 257
0.98564
468 432
0.98287
460 409
0.98069
451 519
0.97789
441 537
0.97214
429 236
0.96401
413 789
0.95025
393 202
0.92858
365 118
0.89722
327 592
0.85480
280 026
0.79538
222 726
0.61523 c
356 125
7 015 988
6 918 517
6 530 834
6 047 367
5 565 035
5 084 969
4 609 713
4 141 280
3 680 871
3 229 352
2 787 814
2 358 579
1 944 790
1 551 587
1 186 469
858 877
578 851
356 125
70.16
71.22
67.47
62.61
57.76
53.15
48.82
44.55
40.35
36.13
31.96
27.92
24.00
20.35
17.00
14.03
11.40
9.30
98 113
0.97773 a
390 754
0.99731 b
487 552
0.99837
486 757
0.99770
485 638
0.99614
483 764
0.99423
480 970
0.99220
477 218
0.99051
472 691
0.98801
467 026
0.98364
459 385
0.97746
449 029
0.96843
434 851
0.95276
414 307
0.92865
384 748
0.89242
343 355
0.84087
288 717
0.65165 c
540 096
7 644 971
7 546 858
7 156 105
6 668 552
6 181 796
5 696 158
5 212 394
4 731 423
4 254 205
3 781 514
3 314 488
2 855 103
2 406 074
1 971 223
1 556 916
1 172 168
828 813
540 096
76.45
77.12
73.32
68.45
63.55
58.74
54.00
49.36
44.77
40.21
35.73
31.38
27.15
23.10
19.36
15.95
12.98
10.46
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.02936
0.00087
0.00045
0.00049
0.00140
0.00264
0.00315
0.00376
0.00404
0.00491
0.00641
0.00828
0.01223
0.01760
0.02620
0.03729
0.05602
0.10756
0.02862
0.00345
0.00225
0.00244
0.00696
0.01309
0.01564
0.01864
0.01999
0.02426
0.03155
0.04057
0.05932
0.08429
0.12297
0.17055
0.24570
1.00000
100 000
97 138
96 803
96 584
96 349
95 678
94 425
92 948
91 216
89 392
87 223
84 471
81 044
76 237
69 811
61 226
50 784
38 306
2 862
335
218
236
671
1 253
1 477
1 732
1 824
2 169
2 752
3 427
4 808
6 426
8 584
10 442
12 478
38 306
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.02177
0.00069
0.00034
0.00031
0.00061
0.00093
0.00138
0.00175
0.00206
0.00276
0.00384
0.00529
0.00757
0.01188
0.01793
0.02813
0.04225
0.09562
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
208
0.02136
0.00275
0.00172
0.00154
0.00306
0.00466
0.00689
0.00872
0.01026
0.01373
0.01903
0.02613
0.03717
0.05771
0.08582
0.13139
0.19106
1.00000
100 000
97 864
97 595
97 426
97 276
96 979
96 527
95 861
95 026
94 051
92 760
90 994
88 617
85 323
80 400
73 500
63 842
51 645
2 136
269
168
150
297
452
665
836
975
1 291
1 765
2 377
3 294
4 924
6 900
9 657
12 198
51 645
Mortalidad
Cuadro 29 (conclusin)/ Table 29 (conclusion)

2015-2020
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
97 838
0.97451 a
389 419
0.99679 b
485 691
0.99780
484 621
0.99561
482 495
0.99067
477 996
0.98662
471 601
0.98400
464 054
0.98188
455 644
0.97913
446 134
0.97355
434 336
0.96564
419 414
0.95229
399 405
0.93128
371 960
0.90079
335 056
0.85924
287 892
0.80070
230 516
0.61668 c
370 854
7 104 921
7 007 084
6 617 665
6 131 974
5 647 353
5 164 858
4 686 863
4 215 262
3 751 208
3 295 565
2 849 431
2 415 095
1 995 682
1 596 277
1 224 317
889 261
601 370
370 854
71.05
71.83
68.05
63.19
58.33
53.70
49.33
45.02
40.78
36.51
32.31
28.23
24.27
20.59
17.18
14.16
11.48
9.31
98 396
0.98099 a
392 101
0.99753 b
489 287
0.99848
488 544
0.99787
487 501
0.99642
485 754
0.99463
483 147
0.99274
479 639
0.99115
475 393
0.98878
470 061
0.98465
462 847
0.97880
453 036
0.97024
439 554
0.95541
419 955
0.93257
391 638
0.89812
351 737
0.84879
298 550
0.65578 c
568 767
7 735 905
7 637 509
7 245 409
6 756 122
6 267 579
5 780 078
5 294 325
4 811 178
4 331 540
3 856 146
3 386 085
2 923 238
2 470 202
2 030 648
1 610 693
1 219 055
867 317
568 767
77.36
77.79
73.98
69.10
64.19
59.37
54.61
49.95
45.34
40.75
36.25
31.87
27.61
23.52
19.73
16.25
13.21
10.58
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.02498
0.00081
0.00042
0.00046
0.00130
0.00245
0.00294
0.00352
0.00380
0.00465
0.00609
0.00792
0.01172
0.01693
0.02526
0.03613
0.05444
0.10740
0.02444
0.00323
0.00212
0.00229
0.00649
0.01218
0.01459
0.01744
0.01882
0.02296
0.03001
0.03884
0.05693
0.08121
0.11881
0.16568
0.23959
1.00000
100 000
97 556
97 241
97 035
96 813
96 185
95 013
93 627
91 994
90 263
88 190
85 544
82 222
77 540
71 243
62 779
52 378
39 828
2 444
315
206
222
628
1 172
1 386
1 633
1 731
2 073
2 646
3 322
4 681
6 297
8 464
10 401
12 549
39 828
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01843
0.00064
0.00032
0.00029
0.00057
0.00087
0.00129
0.00163
0.00193
0.00259
0.00360
0.00498
0.00714
0.01120
0.01692
0.02654
0.03999
0.09449
0.01813
0.00256
0.00160
0.00143
0.00284
0.00433
0.00641
0.00812
0.00959
0.01286
0.01786
0.02459
0.03506
0.05446
0.08114
0.12445
0.18178
1.00000
100 000
98 187
97 936
97 779
97 639
97 362
96 940
96 319
95 537
94 621
93 404
91 735
89 479
86 342
81 640
75 015
65 680
53 741
1 813
251
157
140
277
422
621
782
916
1 217
1 669
2 256
3 137
4 702
6 625
9 336
11 939
53 741
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
209
Mortality
URUGUAY: TABLAS ABREVIADAS DE MORTALIDAD

URUGUAY: ABRIDGED LIFE TABLES
1980-1985
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1

1
4

5
5

10
5

15
5

20
5

25
5

30
5

35
5

40
5

45
5

50
5

55
5

60
5

65
5

70
5

75
5

80

MUJERES / FEMALES

0
1

1
4

5
5

10
5

15
5

20
5

25
5

30
5

35
5

40
5

45
5

50
5

55
5

60
5

65
5

70
5

75
5

80

a
b
c
0.03803
0.00102
0.00042
0.00048
0.00091
0.00129
0.00138
0.00166
0.00237
0.00378
0.00626
0.01093
0.01654
0.02468
0.03765
0.05658
0.08562
0.16311
0.03685
0.00408
0.00209
0.00242
0.00454
0.00644
0.00688
0.00825
0.01179
0.01871
0.03079
0.05318
0.07939
0.11622
0.17205
0.24784
0.35263
1.00000
100 000
96 315
95 922
95 722
95 491
95 058
94 445
93 796
93 022
91 925
90 205
87 427
82 777
76 205
67 349
55 761
41 942
27 152
3 685
393
200
231
433
612
650
773
1 097
1 720
2 778
4 650
6 572
8 856
11 587
13 820
14 790
27 152
96 905
384 255
479 112
478 033
476 372
473 757
470 602
467 044
462 368
455 324
444 079
425 510
397 456
358 885
307 775
244 257
172 733
166 462
0.96232 a
0.99574 b
0.99775
0.99652
0.99451
0.99334
0.99244
0.98999
0.98477
0.97530
0.95819
0.93407
0.90295
0.85759
0.79362
0.70718
0.49076 c

6 760 929
6 664 024
6 279 769
5 800 658
5 322 625
4 846 253
4 372 496
3 901 894
3 434 850
2 972 482
2 517 157
2 073 078
1 647 568
1 250 112
891 227
583 452
339 195
166 462
67.61
69.19
65.47
60.60
55.74
50.98
46.30
41.60
36.93
32.34
27.90
23.71
19.90
16.40
13.23
10.46
8.09
6.13
0.03073
0.00098
0.00030
0.00032
0.00046
0.00056
0.00072
0.00102
0.00151
0.00234
0.00333
0.00502
0.00755
0.01124
0.01832
0.03135
0.05269
0.13457
0.02997
0.00391
0.00150
0.00158
0.00230
0.00280
0.00362
0.00507
0.00751
0.01161
0.01652
0.02481
0.03705
0.05464
0.08760
0.14536
0.23278
1.00000
100 000
97 003
96 623
96 478
96 325
96 104
95 835
95 488
95 004
94 291
93 195
91 655
89 382
86 070
81 367
74 239
63 448
48 679
2 997
380
145
153
222
269
347
484
713
1 095
1 540
2 274
3 312
4 703
7 127
10 791
14 769
48 679
97 512
387 010
482 754
482 009
481 073
479 847
478 308
476 231
473 236
468 715
462 127
452 592
438 628
418 591
389 015
344 219
280 318
361 736
0.96904 a
0.99635 b
0.99846
0.99806
0.99745
0.99679
0.99566
0.99371
0.99045
0.98595
0.97937
0.96915
0.95432
0.92934
0.88485
0.81436
0.56340 c

7 453 921
7 356 410
6 969 400
6 486 646
6 004 637
5 523 564
5 043 717
4 565 408
4 089 178
3 615 941
3 147 227
2 685 100
2 232 507
1 793 879
1 375 288
986 272
642 053
361 736
74.54
75.84
72.13
67.23
62.34
57.47
52.63
47.81
43.04
38.35
33.77
29.30
24.98
20.84
16.90
13.29
10.12
7.43
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
210
Mortalidad

1985-1990
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
97 893
389 057
485 181
484 072
482 488
480 132
477 266
473 951
469 403
462 302
450 934
431 935
403 044
364 044
312 284
247 270
173 861
172 955
0.97390 a
0.99637 b
0.99772
0.99673
0.99512
0.99403
0.99305
0.99040
0.98487
0.97541
0.95787
0.93311
0.90324
0.85782
0.79181
0.70312
0.49869 c

6 858 069
6 760 176
6 371 119
5 885 939
5 401 867
4 919 379
4 439 248
3 961 982
3 488 031
3 018 629
2 556 326
2 105 393
1 673 457
1 270 414
906 370
594 085
346 815
172 955
68.58
69.34
65.59
60.72
55.87
51.08
46.36
41.64
36.94
32.34
27.91
23.71
19.93
16.45
13.25
10.51
8.18
6.37
98 333
391 144
488 008
487 287
486 393
485 245
483 790
481 781
478 852
474 403
467 888
458 470
444 790
425 193
396 058
351 907
288 082
393 425
0.97895 a
0.99700 b
0.99852
0.99817
0.99764
0.99700
0.99585
0.99392
0.99071
0.98627
0.97987
0.97016
0.95594
0.93148
0.88853
0.81863
0.57729 c

7 581 050
7 482 717
7 091 573
6 603 566
6 116 279
5 629 885
5 144 640
4 660 850
4 179 070
3 700 217
3 225 814
2 757 926
2 299 455
1 854 666
1 429 473
1 033 415
681 508
393 425
75.81
76.35
72.61
67.71
62.81
57.94
53.08
48.25
43.48
38.78
34.19
29.71
25.39
21.23
17.28
13.65
10.47
7.84
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.02554
0.00094
0.00040
0.00052
0.00080
0.00116
0.00123
0.00156
0.00230
0.00380
0.00619
0.01114
0.01674
0.02432
0.03795
0.05725
0.08748
0.15708
0.02500
0.00376
0.00200
0.00257
0.00398
0.00579
0.00615
0.00775
0.01146
0.01884
0.03045
0.05417
0.08033
0.11463
0.17330
0.25039
0.35890
1.00000
100 000
97 500
97 133
96 939
96 690
96 305
95 747
95 159
94 421
93 340
91 581
88 792
83 982
77 235
68 382
56 532
42 376
27 168
2 500
367
194
249
384
558
589
737
1 082
1 758
2 789
4 810
6 747
8 853
11 851
14 155
15 209
27 168
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.02034
0.00084
0.00028
0.00031
0.00043
0.00052
0.00068
0.00098
0.00146
0.00228
0.00326
0.00489
0.00726
0.01084
0.01779
0.03016
0.05177
0.12749
0.02000
0.00336
0.00141
0.00154
0.00213
0.00259
0.00341
0.00490
0.00726
0.01133
0.01616
0.02416
0.03566
0.05277
0.08515
0.14025
0.22920
1.00000
100 000
98 000
97 671
97 533
97 382
97 175
96 923
96 593
96 120
95 421
94 340
92 815
90 573
87 343
82 734
75 689
65 074
50 159
2 000
330
138
150
207
252
330
473
698
1 081
1 525
2 243
3 230
4 609
7 045
10 615
14 915
50 159
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
211
Mortality

1990-1995
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
98 116
390 121
486 631
485 662
483 922
481 073
477 664
473 910
469 247
462 603
451 925
434 305
407 403
369 106
317 990
254 865
183 446
194 074
0.97647 a
0.99671 b
0.99801
0.99642
0.99411
0.99291
0.99214
0.99016
0.98584
0.97692
0.96101
0.93806
0.90600
0.86152
0.80149
0.71978
0.51408 c

6 922 063
6 823 947
6 433 826
5 947 195
5 461 533
4 977 610
4 496 538
4 018 874
3 544 963
3 075 716
2 613 113
2 161 189
1 726 884
1 319 481
950 375
632 385
377 520
194 074
69.22
69.81
66.05
61.16
56.29
51.56
46.89
42.22
37.56
32.96
28.49
24.27
20.39
16.86
13.70
10.93
8.56
6.63
98 542
392 316
489 597
488 966
488 072
486 866
485 399
483 445
480 653
476 578
470 540
461 570
448 658
430 033
402 282
361 450
303 049
443 940
0.98172 a
0.99743 b
0.99871
0.99817
0.99753
0.99699
0.99598
0.99422
0.99152
0.98733
0.98094
0.97203
0.95849
0.93547
0.89850
0.83843
0.59431 c

7 691 953
7 593 411
7 201 096
6 711 499
6 222 534
5 734 462
5 247 596
4 762 198
4 278 753
3 798 100
3 321 522
2 850 982
2 389 411
1 940 753
1 510 720
1 108 439
746 989
443 940
76.92
77.29
73.50
68.58
63.67
58.81
53.96
49.14
44.36
39.65
35.02
30.53
26.19
22.00
18.03
14.37
11.07
8.26
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.02293
0.00086
0.00036
0.00044
0.00100
0.00137
0.00148
0.00168
0.00228
0.00344
0.00593
0.01005
0.01570
0.02418
0.03624
0.05386
0.08090
0.15081
0.02250
0.00345
0.00178
0.00220
0.00496
0.00682
0.00735
0.00837
0.01132
0.01703
0.02924
0.04903
0.07552
0.11399
0.16613
0.23735
0.33644
1.00000
100 000
97 750
97 413
97 240
97 025
96 544
95 885
95 180
94 384
93 315
91 726
89 044
84 678
78 283
69 359
57 837
44 109
29 269
2 250
337
173
214
482
658
705
796
1 069
1 589
2 682
4 366
6 395
8 924
11 522
13 728
14 840
29 269
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01776
0.00069
0.00025
0.00027
0.00046
0.00053
0.00068
0.00093
0.00139
0.00202
0.00308
0.00463
0.00675
0.01028
0.01660
0.02671
0.04523
0.12109
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
212
0.01750
0.00275
0.00123
0.00134
0.00231
0.00263
0.00340
0.00466
0.00690
0.01006
0.01531
0.02288
0.03319
0.05012
0.07970
0.12519
0.20317
1.00000
100 000
98 250
97 980
97 859
97 727
97 501
97 245
96 915
96 463
95 798
94 834
93 382
91 246
88 217
83 796
77 117
67 463
53 756
1 750
270
121
131
226
257
330
451
666
964
1 451
2 136
3 028
4 422
6 679
9 654
13 707
53 756
Mortalidad

1995-2000
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
98 495
0.98133 a
392 169
0.99720 b
489 289
0.99836
488 486
0.99664
486 846
0.99405
483 947
0.99269
480 411
0.99202
476 575
0.99064
472 112
0.98733
466 128
0.97945
456 552
0.96559
440 840
0.94437
416 316
0.91234
379 822
0.86969
330 327
0.81453
269 060
0.73766
198 476
0.52472 c
219 118
7 044 967
6 946 472
6 554 303
6 065 014
5 576 529
5 089 683
4 605 736
4 125 325
3 648 750
3 176 638
2 710 510
2 253 958
1 813 118
1 396 802
1 016 980
686 653
417 593
219 118
70.45
70.70
66.93
62.03
57.13
52.40
47.75
43.10
38.44
33.82
29.29
25.02
21.02
17.40
14.20
11.35
8.86
6.79
98 843
0.98552 a
393 917
0.99780 b
491 676
0.99886
491 113
0.99827
490 266
0.99761
489 093
0.99712
487 685
0.99622
485 844
0.99464
483 241
0.99225
479 498
0.98825
473 863
0.98202
465 341
0.97351
453 013
0.96073
435 221
0.93952
408 897
0.90668
370 739
0.85163
315 734
0.60572 c
485 058
7 799 042
7 700 199
7 306 282
6 814 606
6 323 493
5 833 228
5 344 134
4 856 449
4 370 605
3 887 364
3 407 866
2 934 003
2 468 662
2 015 649
1 580 428
1 171 530
800 792
485 058
77.99
78.06
74.26
69.34
64.42
59.56
54.70
49.87
45.08
40.35
35.70
31.18
26.82
22.61
18.61
14.90
11.49
8.57
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01773
0.00082
0.00031
0.00035
0.00100
0.00139
0.00155
0.00166
0.00210
0.00300
0.00532
0.00874
0.01430
0.02275
0.03377
0.04962
0.07498
0.14720
0.01746
0.00326
0.00156
0.00172
0.00499
0.00692
0.00770
0.00827
0.01046
0.01491
0.02627
0.04278
0.06905
0.10765
0.15571
0.22073
0.31573
1.00000
100 000
98 254
97 934
97 781
97 613
97 125
96 453
95 711
94 919
93 926
92 525
90 095
86 241
80 286
71 643
60 488
47 136
32 254
1 746
320
153
169
487
672
742
792
993
1 400
2 430
3 854
5 955
8 643
11 155
13 351
14 882
32 254
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01377
0.00063
0.00022
0.00024
0.00045
0.00050
0.00065
0.00087
0.00128
0.00183
0.00291
0.00437
0.00640
0.00969
0.01544
0.02414
0.04133
0.11673
0.01361
0.00253
0.00110
0.00119
0.00226
0.00252
0.00324
0.00432
0.00640
0.00910
0.01442
0.02160
0.03150
0.04731
0.07432
0.11385
0.18731
1.00000
100 000
98 639
98 389
98 281
98 164
97 942
97 695
97 379
96 959
96 338
95 461
94 084
92 052
89 153
84 936
78 623
69 672
56 621
1 361
250
108
117
222
247
316
420
621
877
1 377
2 032
2 899
4 217
6 312
8 951
13 051
56 621
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
213
Mortality

2000-2005
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
98 495
0.98260 a
392 169
0.99745 b
490 046
0.99865
489 383
0.99739
488 105
0.99506
485 694
0.99355
482 563
0.99282
479 099
0.99175
475 147
0.98887
469 858
0.98225
461 519
0.97015
447 741
0.94999
425 348
0.92049
391 528
0.88000
344 544
0.82673
284 844
0.75050
213 777
0.52733 c
238 498
7 044 967
7 060 433
6 667 693
6 177 647
5 688 264
5 200 159
4 714 465
4 231 902
3 752 804
3 277 657
2 807 799
2 346 280
1 898 540
1 473 191
1 081 663
737 119
452 274
238 498
71.59
71.75
67.98
63.08
58.15
53.37
48.68
44.00
39.31
34.65
30.08
25.71
21.61
17.90
14.56
11.61
8.97
6.80
98 873
0.98616 a
394 205
0.99799 b
492 088
0.99903
491 609
0.99858
490 911
0.99802
489 940
0.99756
488 743
0.99680
487 180
0.99550
484 987
0.99331
481 744
0.98953
476 701
0.98378
468 972
0.97536
457 414
0.96392
440 912
0.94619
417 184
0.91733
382 696
0.86336
330 403
0.61119 c
519 377
7 893 937
7 795 064
7 400 859
6 908 771
6 417 162
5 926 251
5 436 311
4 947 569
4 460 389
3 975 402
3 493 659
3 016 957
2 547 986
2 090 571
1 649 660
1 232 476
849 780
519 377
78.94
78.95
75.16
70.23
65.30
60.42
55.54
50.69
45.86
41.10
36.41
31.85
27.44
23.20
19.12
15.29
11.73
8.70
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01623
0.00082
0.00028
0.00026
0.00079
0.00119
0.00139
0.00149
0.00183
0.00266
0.00452
0.00765
0.01301
0.02042
0.03134
0.04592
0.07179
0.14710
0.01600
0.00327
0.00142
0.00129
0.00393
0.00595
0.00694
0.00742
0.00909
0.01319
0.02237
0.03751
0.06300
0.09713
0.14533
0.20597
0.30432
1.00000
100 000
98 400
98 079
97 940
97 813
97 429
96 849
96 176
95 463
94 596
93 348
91 260
87 836
82 303
74 308
63 509
50 428
35 082
1 600
321
139
126
385
580
673
713
868
1 248
2 088
3 423
5 534
7 994
10 799
13 081
15 346
35 082
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01278
0.00069
0.00019
0.00020
0.00037
0.00042
0.00055
0.00073
0.00108
0.00161
0.00261
0.00394
0.00607
0.00868
0.01358
0.02125
0.03870
0.11492
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
214
0.01264
0.00276
0.00094
0.00101
0.00184
0.00212
0.00277
0.00363
0.00538
0.00800
0.01295
0.01952
0.02987
0.04247
0.06566
0.10088
0.17643
1.00000
100 000
98 736
98 464
98 371
98 272
98 092
97 884
97 613
97 259
96 736
95 962
94 719
92 870
90 096
86 269
80 605
72 474
59 687
1 264
272
93
99
181
208
271
354
524
774
1 243
1 849
2 774
3 827
5 664
8 131
12 786
59 687
Mortalidad

2005-2010
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
98 495
0.98426 a
392 169
0.99770 b
490 996
0.99884
490 426
0.99785
489 374
0.99582
487 327
0.99435
484 576
0.99359
481 468
0.99260
477 904
0.98994
473 096
0.98409
465 567
0.97328
453 126
0.95467
432 586
0.92771
401 314
0.89000
357 168
0.83961
299 881
0.76638
229 823
0.53907 c
268 782
7 044 967
7 176 863
6 783 416
6 292 420
5 801 994
5 312 621
4 825 294
4 340 718
3 859 249
3 381 345
2 908 249
2 442 681
1 989 555
1 556 969
1 155 654
798 486
498 605
268 782
72.76
72.82
69.03
64.12
59.18
54.37
49.64
44.93
40.21
35.52
30.92
26.50
22.34
18.54
15.09
12.04
9.29
7.02
98 938
0.98708 a
394 600
0.99817 b
492 636
0.99916
492 221
0.99880
491 630
0.99832
490 805
0.99788
489 765
0.99722
488 405
0.99610
486 500
0.99410
483 630
0.99058
479 077
0.98530
472 035
0.97724
461 290
0.96686
446 001
0.95140
424 323
0.92541
392 675
0.87380
343 120
0.61934 c
558 258
7 985 909
7 886 971
7 492 370
6 999 735
6 507 514
6 015 885
5 525 080
5 035 315
4 546 910
4 060 410
3 576 779
3 097 703
2 625 668
2 164 378
1 718 376
1 294 053
901 378
558 258
79.86
79.80
76.01
71.07
66.13
61.23
56.34
51.47
46.62
41.83
37.11
32.52
28.06
23.80
19.65
15.73
12.05
8.94
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01463
0.00075
0.00025
0.00021
0.00065
0.00103
0.00124
0.00134
0.00164
0.00241
0.00402
0.00685
0.01181
0.01844
0.02873
0.04220
0.06687
0.14242
0.01443
0.00299
0.00127
0.00105
0.00324
0.00513
0.00617
0.00666
0.00815
0.01199
0.01989
0.03369
0.05737
0.08811
0.13401
0.19086
0.28647
1.00000
100 000
98 557
98 262
98 137
98 034
97 716
97 215
96 615
95 972
95 190
94 049
92 178
89 072
83 962
76 564
66 304
53 649
38 280
1 443
295
125
103
318
501
600
643
782
1 141
1 871
3 106
5 110
7 398
10 260
12 655
15 369
38 280
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01177
0.00068
0.00016
0.00017
0.00031
0.00036
0.00048
0.00063
0.00094
0.00143
0.00236
0.00358
0.00566
0.00786
0.01217
0.01908
0.03593
0.11188
0.01165
0.00271
0.00082
0.00086
0.00154
0.00182
0.00242
0.00314
0.00467
0.00714
0.01171
0.01772
0.02789
0.03854
0.05907
0.09108
0.16484
1.00000
100 000
98 835
98 568
98 487
98 402
98 250
98 072
97 834
97 528
97 073
96 380
95 251
93 563
90 953
87 447
82 282
74 788
62 460
1 165
268
81
85
151
179
237
307
455
693
1 129
1 688
2 610
3 506
5 165
7 494
12 328
62 460
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
215
Mortality

2010-2015
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
98 495
0.98630 a
392 169
0.99791 b
492 120
0.99894
491 596
0.99807
490 647
0.99627
488 816
0.99493
486 338
0.99415
483 492
0.99311
480 159
0.99052
475 606
0.98500
468 474
0.97495
456 739
0.95776
437 445
0.93272
408 013
0.89742
366 158
0.84968
311 118
0.77991
242 643
0.55230 c
299 336
7 044 967
7 272 994
6 878 699
6 386 580
5 894 984
5 404 337
4 915 521
4 429 183
3 945 692
3 465 533
2 989 927
2 521 453
2 064 714
1 627 268
1 219 255
853 097
541 979
299 336
73.72
73.66
69.85
64.93
59.99
55.15
50.40
45.66
40.93
36.23
31.61
27.17
22.97
19.12
15.61
12.48
9.66
7.31
99 052
0.98846 a
395 180
0.99832 b
493 404
0.99923
493 025
0.99891
492 487
0.99847
491 734
0.99806
490 779
0.99744
489 521
0.99638
487 750
0.99452
485 077
0.99126
480 837
0.98635
474 274
0.97885
464 242
0.96909
449 890
0.95447
429 407
0.92991
399 312
0.88146
351 978
0.62859 c
595 704
8 063 651
7 964 600
7 569 419
7 076 016
6 582 991
6 090 504
5 598 770
5 107 992
4 618 471
4 130 721
3 645 644
3 164 807
2 690 532
2 226 290
1 776 400
1 346 993
947 682
595 704
80.64
80.48
76.68
71.73
66.79
61.88
56.98
52.10
47.24
42.44
37.70
33.09
28.60
24.30
20.11
16.14
12.42
9.24
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01272
0.00066
0.00023
0.00019
0.00058
0.00092
0.00112
0.00123
0.00154
0.00228
0.00378
0.00640
0.01096
0.01711
0.02666
0.03938
0.06238
0.13684
0.01258
0.00265
0.00116
0.00097
0.00289
0.00457
0.00557
0.00614
0.00765
0.01132
0.01871
0.03151
0.05333
0.08202
0.12499
0.17927
0.26984
1.00000
100 000
98 742
98 481
98 367
98 272
97 987
97 539
96 996
96 401
95 663
94 580
92 810
89 886
85 092
78 113
68 350
56 097
40 960
1 258
261
115
95
284
448
543
595
738
1 083
1 770
2 924
4 793
6 979
9 763
12 253
15 137
40 960
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01051
0.00061
0.00015
0.00016
0.00028
0.00033
0.00045
0.00058
0.00087
0.00133
0.00218
0.00332
0.00525
0.00734
0.01139
0.01790
0.03349
0.10828
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
216
0.01041
0.00244
0.00075
0.00079
0.00139
0.00166
0.00222
0.00290
0.00433
0.00663
0.01086
0.01647
0.02592
0.03604
0.05537
0.08566
0.15449
1.00000
100 000
98 959
98 718
98 644
98 566
98 429
98 265
98 047
97 762
97 338
96 693
95 642
94 067
91 629
88 327
83 436
76 289
64 502
1 041
241
74
78
137
164
218
285
423
646
1 050
1 575
2 438
3 303
4 891
7 147
11 786
64 502
Mortalidad

2015-2020
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
98 495
0.98805 a
392 169
0.99811 b
493 091
0.99902
492 607
0.99826
491 749
0.99666
490 105
0.99543
487 863
0.99463
485 245
0.99355
482 113
0.99102
477 784
0.98580
470 998
0.97640
459 881
0.96043
441 682
0.93705
413 879
0.90384
374 079
0.85840
321 110
0.79163
254 199
0.56364 c
328 352
7 044 967
7 359 762
6 964 739
6 471 648
5 979 040
5 487 291
4 997 186
4 509 323
4 024 078
3 541 964
3 064 181
2 593 183
2 133 301
1 691 619
1 277 739
903 661
582 551
328 352
74.59
74.41
70.59
65.66
60.71
55.87
51.09
46.33
41.58
36.87
32.24
27.78
23.55
19.65
16.08
12.88
9.99
7.57
99 154
0.98972 a
395 704
0.99847 b
494 099
0.99930
493 753
0.99901
493 264
0.99861
492 576
0.99822
491 697
0.99763
490 532
0.99664
488 883
0.99490
486 389
0.99187
482 435
0.98730
476 308
0.98031
466 928
0.97110
453 435
0.95725
434 052
0.93399
405 401
0.88841
360 161
0.63688 c
631 689
8 136 462
8 037 308
7 641 604
7 147 505
6 653 753
6 160 489
5 667 912
5 176 215
4 685 683
4 196 799
3 710 410
3 227 975
2 751 667
2 284 739
1 831 304
1 397 251
991 850
631 689
81.36
81.13
77.30
72.35
67.40
62.49
57.58
52.69
47.83
43.01
38.26
33.63
29.11
24.77
20.55
16.54
12.77
9.51
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01108
0.00059
0.00021
0.00018
0.00052
0.00082
0.00101
0.00114
0.00145
0.00216
0.00357
0.00601
0.01022
0.01596
0.02490
0.03698
0.05858
0.13216
0.01097
0.00235
0.00107
0.00089
0.00259
0.00410
0.00505
0.00569
0.00722
0.01075
0.01769
0.02962
0.04983
0.07675
0.11719
0.16925
0.25547
1.00000
100 000
98 903
98 671
98 565
98 478
98 222
97 820
97 326
96 772
96 073
95 040
93 359
90 594
86 079
79 472
70 159
58 285
43 395
1 097
232
106
88
255
403
494
554
699
1 033
1 681
2 765
4 514
6 607
9 313
11 874
14 890
43 395
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.00937
0.00055
0.00014
0.00014
0.00025
0.00030
0.00041
0.00054
0.00081
0.00124
0.00203
0.00309
0.00488
0.00687
0.01068
0.01683
0.03130
0.10511
0.00930
0.00219
0.00069
0.00071
0.00127
0.00152
0.00205
0.00269
0.00403
0.00618
0.01009
0.01533
0.02413
0.03378
0.05203
0.08076
0.14513
1.00000
100 000
99 071
98 854
98 786
98 715
98 590
98 440
98 239
97 974
97 579
96 976
95 998
94 526
92 245
89 129
84 492
77 668
66 396
930
217
68
71
125
150
202
265
395
603
979
1 472
2 281
3 116
4 637
6 824
11 272
66 396
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
217
Mortality
REPBLICA BOLIVARIANA DE VENEZUELA: TABLAS ABREVIADAS DE MORTALIDAD

BOLIVARIAN REPUBLIC OF VENEZUELA: ABRIDGED LIFE TABLES
1980-1985
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
97 134
382 651
475 676
473 998
471 001
465 639
459 314
452 895
445 554
436 258
423 732
405 778
380 476
344 665
296 922
239 357
175 218
158 694
0.95957 a
0.99143 b
0.99647
0.99368
0.98862
0.98642
0.98603
0.98379
0.97914
0.97129
0.95763
0.93765
0.90588
0.86148
0.80613
0.73203
0.47526 c
0.00000
6 584 963
6 487 829
6 105 178
5 629 502
5 155 505
4 684 503
4 218 864
3 759 551
3 306 655
2 861 101
2 424 843
2 001 111
1 595 332
1 214 856
870 191
573 269
333 912
158 694
65.85
67.42
64.06
59.28
54.47
49.96
45.61
41.21
36.77
32.40
28.13
24.03
20.19
16.60
13.45
10.60
8.01
5.59
97 816
385 993
480 212
479 065
477 688
475 802
473 627
470 935
467 149
461 634
453 720
442 171
425 265
399 887
363 771
315 077
247 484
266 629
0.96762 a
0.99256 b
0.99761
0.99713
0.99605
0.99543
0.99432
0.99196
0.98819
0.98286
0.97455
0.96177
0.94032
0.90968
0.86614
0.78547
0.51862 c
0.00000
7 183 924
7 086 108
6 700 114
6 219 903
5 740 837
5 263 149
4 787 347
4 313 721
3 842 786
3 375 637
2 914 003
2 460 284
2 018 113
1 592 848
1 192 960
829 189
514 112
266 629
71.84
73.00
69.67
64.85
59.98
55.19
50.42
45.65
40.93
36.30
31.79
27.39
23.18
19.18
15.51
12.09
8.95
6.41
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.03875
0.00242
0.00074
0.00067
0.00187
0.00272
0.00275
0.00287
0.00367
0.00478
0.00691
0.01049
0.01542
0.02454
0.03583
0.05176
0.07572
0.17902
0.03764
0.00961
0.00370
0.00335
0.00930
0.01349
0.01368
0.01427
0.01818
0.02360
0.03394
0.05109
0.07422
0.11562
0.16441
0.22913
0.31834
1.00000
100 000
96 236
95 311
94 959
94 640
93 760
92 495
91 230
89 928
88 294
86 210
83 283
79 028
73 162
64 703
54 066
41 677
28 410
3 764
925
353
318
880
1 265
1 265
1 302
1 635
2 084
2 926
4 255
5 866
8 459
10 638
12 388
13 267
28 410
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.03002
0.00232
0.00053
0.00043
0.00073
0.00086
0.00098
0.00131
0.00192
0.00283
0.00410
0.00624
0.00941
0.01538
0.02281
0.03549
0.06407
0.15591
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
218
0.02936
0.00922
0.00264
0.00213
0.00362
0.00428
0.00486
0.00651
0.00958
0.01406
0.02027
0.03074
0.04596
0.07405
0.10788
0.16298
0.27611
1.00000
100 000
97 064
96 169
95 915
95 711
95 364
94 956
94 494
93 879
92 980
91 673
89 815
87 054
83 053
76 902
68 606
57 424
41 569
2 936
895
254
204
346
408
462
615
899
1 307
1 858
2 761
4 001
6 150
8 296
11 182
15 855
41 569
Mortalidad
Cuadro 31(continuacin 1) / Table 31 (continued 1)

1985-1990
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
97 436
386 044
480 369
478 917
476 202
471 327
465 463
459 332
452 558
444 255
432 875
416 349
392 211
358 264
312 594
255 783
190 715
198 261
0.96696 a
0.99357 b
0.99698
0.99433
0.98976
0.98756
0.98683
0.98525
0.98165
0.97438
0.96182
0.94202
0.91345
0.87252
0.81826
0.74561
0.50970 c
0.00000
6 768 957
6 671 520
6 285 476
5 805 107
5 326 189
4 849 987
4 378 660
3 913 197
3 453 865
3 001 306
2 557 051
2 124 176
1 707 828
1 315 617
957 352
644 759
388 976
198 261
67.69
68.80
65.33
60.51
55.69
51.14
46.74
42.30
37.86
33.43
29.09
24.92
21.01
17.41
14.14
11.25
8.64
6.34
98 025
388 952
484 403
483 397
482 118
480 368
478 333
475 779
472 306
467 337
460 041
449 308
433 195
409 161
374 645
327 197
262 375
324 988
0.97395 a
0.99471 b
0.99792
0.99736
0.99637
0.99576
0.99466
0.99270
0.98948
0.98439
0.97667
0.96414
0.94452
0.91564
0.87335
0.80189
0.55330 c
0.00000
7 351 929
7 253 904
6 864 952
6 380 549
5 897 153
5 415 034
4 934 666
4 456 333
3 980 554
3 508 248
3 040 911
2 580 870
2 131 562
1 698 367
1 289 206
914 560
587 363
324 988
73.52
74.27
70.78
65.93
61.06
56.25
51.46
46.69
41.96
37.30
32.74
28.32
24.06
20.05
16.33
12.90
9.79
7.23
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.03106
0.00196
0.00059
0.00062
0.00166
0.00246
0.00255
0.00276
0.00319
0.00423
0.00618
0.00946
0.01458
0.02194
0.03330
0.04815
0.07189
0.15781
0.03026
0.00782
0.00296
0.00309
0.00826
0.01223
0.01265
0.01370
0.01581
0.02092
0.03041
0.04619
0.07034
0.10399
0.15368
0.21489
0.30469
1.00000
100 000
96 974
96 216
95 932
95 635
94 846
93 685
92 500
91 233
89 790
87 912
85 238
81 301
75 583
67 723
57 315
44 998
31 288
3 026
758
284
296
790
1 160
1 185
1 267
1 443
1 879
2 674
3 937
5 718
7 860
10 408
12 317
13 710
31 288
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.02383
0.00174
0.00044
0.00039
0.00067
0.00079
0.00091
0.00123
0.00170
0.00254
0.00377
0.00570
0.00897
0.01400
0.02156
0.03332
0.05728
0.13835
0.02336
0.00694
0.00219
0.00197
0.00332
0.00394
0.00453
0.00615
0.00846
0.01260
0.01866
0.02809
0.04386
0.06763
0.10229
0.15378
0.25051
1.00000
100 000
97 664
96 987
96 775
96 584
96 263
95 884
95 449
94 862
94 060
92 875
91 142
88 582
84 696
78 968
70 890
59 989
44 961
2 336
677
212
190
321
379
435
587
802
1 185
1 733
2 560
3 885
5 728
8 078
10 901
15 028
44 961
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
219
Mortality

1990-1995
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
97 717
388 015
483 061
481 753
478 980
473 671
467 247
460 745
453 953
446 048
435 391
419 928
397 183
365 283
321 876
266 930
203 143
227 050
0.97146 a
0.99450 b
0.99729
0.99424
0.98892
0.98644
0.98608
0.98526
0.98259
0.97611
0.96449
0.94583
0.91968
0.88117
0.82929
0.76104
0.52779 c
0.00000
6 867 973
6 770 256
6 382 241
5 899 179
5 417 426
4 938 447
4 464 776
3 997 529
3 536 785
3 082 832
2 636 784
2 201 393
1 781 465
1 384 282
1 019 000
697 123
430 194
227 050
68.68
69.50
65.97
61.14
56.31
51.78
47.45
43.07
38.66
34.22
29.85
25.65
21.69
18.04
14.69
11.74
9.08
6.71
98 199
390 464
486 550
485 631
484 418
482 748
480 799
478 354
475 071
470 397
463 494
453 275
437 784
414 787
381 527
335 113
271 979
358 346
0.97732 a
0.99568 b
0.99811
0.99750
0.99655
0.99596
0.99491
0.99314
0.99016
0.98533
0.97795
0.96582
0.94747
0.91982
0.87835
0.81160
0.56851 c
0.00000
7 448 934
7 350 735
6 960 272
6 473 722
5 988 091
5 503 673
5 020 925
4 540 127
4 061 773
3 586 702
3 116 305
2 652 811
2 199 535
1 761 751
1 346 964
965 437
630 324
358 346
74.49
75.03
71.46
66.59
61.71
56.90
52.10
47.32
42.58
37.90
33.32
28.87
24.59
20.56
16.79
13.34
10.22
7.60
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.02646
0.00174
0.00052
0.00057
0.00175
0.00272
0.00274
0.00286
0.00308
0.00395
0.00574
0.00878
0.01363
0.02011
0.03111
0.04482
0.06671
0.14910
0.02586
0.00695
0.00259
0.00283
0.00869
0.01350
0.01363
0.01421
0.01528
0.01958
0.02830
0.04294
0.06589
0.09576
0.14434
0.20152
0.28586
1.00000
100 000
97 414
96 737
96 487
96 214
95 378
94 091
92 808
91 490
90 091
88 328
85 829
82 143
76 730
69 383
59 368
47 404
33 853
2 586
677
250
273
836
1 287
1 282
1 319
1 398
1 764
2 499
3 686
5 412
7 348
10 015
11 964
13 551
33 853
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.02065
0.00145
0.00039
0.00037
0.00063
0.00075
0.00087
0.00117
0.00159
0.00237
0.00355
0.00539
0.00857
0.01313
0.02060
0.03195
0.05348
0.13150
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
220
0.02028
0.00579
0.00194
0.00184
0.00316
0.00374
0.00434
0.00584
0.00790
0.01179
0.01759
0.02659
0.04197
0.06356
0.09794
0.14794
0.23588
1.00000
100 000
97 972
97 404
97 216
97 037
96 730
96 369
95 951
95 391
94 637
93 521
91 876
89 434
85 680
80 234
72 376
61 669
47 122
2 028
568
189
179
307
362
418
560
753
1 116
1 645
2 443
3 754
5 446
7 858
10 707
14 546
47 122
Mortalidad

1995-2000
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
97 962
389 338
484 844
483 659
480 593
474 146
466 368
458 984
451 791
443 982
433 925
419 510
398 605
369 310
328 794
276 910
216 355
253 958
0.97460 a
0.99496 b
0.99756
0.99366
0.98659
0.98359
0.98417
0.98433
0.98272
0.97735
0.96678
0.95017
0.92651
0.89029
0.84220
0.78132
0.53998 c
0.00000
6 929 032
6 831 070
6 441 733
5 956 889
5 473 230
4 992 638
4 518 492
4 052 124
3 593 140
3 141 349
2 697 367
2 263 442
1 843 932
1 445 328
1 076 018
747 223
470 313
253 958
69.29
69.91
66.35
61.50
56.65
52.21
48.05
43.80
39.45
35.04
30.67
26.44
22.44
18.71
15.27
12.24
9.46
6.90
98 350
391 323
487 753
486 909
485 756
484 145
482 266
479 952
476 822
472 317
465 756
455 973
441 219
419 414
387 624
342 468
280 521
378 418
0.97935 a
0.99608 b
0.99827
0.99763
0.99668
0.99612
0.99520
0.99348
0.99055
0.98611
0.97900
0.96764
0.95058
0.92420
0.88351
0.81911
0.57428 c
0.00000
7 516 989
7 418 639
7 027 315
6 539 562
6 052 653
5 566 896
5 082 751
4 600 485
4 120 533
3 643 711
3 171 394
2 705 637
2 249 664
1 808 445
1 389 031
1 001 407
658 939
378 418
75.17
75.58
71.97
67.10
62.21
57.39
52.59
47.80
43.04
38.36
33.76
29.29
24.99
20.91
17.09
13.58
10.42
7.73
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.02332
0.00162
0.00048
0.00050
0.00205
0.00336
0.00325
0.00313
0.00319
0.00379
0.00539
0.00817
0.01238
0.01837
0.02866
0.04091
0.05959
0.14500
0.02284
0.00647
0.00237
0.00251
0.01018
0.01668
0.01612
0.01553
0.01581
0.01878
0.02660
0.04002
0.06005
0.08780
0.13373
0.18559
0.25932
1.00000
100 000
97 716
97 084
96 853
96 610
95 627
94 032
92 515
91 078
89 638
87 955
85 615
82 189
77 253
70 471
61 047
49 717
36 825
2 284
632
231
243
983
1 595
1 516
1 437
1 440
1 683
2 339
3 427
4 935
6 782
9 424
11 330
12 893
36 825
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01876
0.00132
0.00036
0.00034
0.00061
0.00072
0.00084
0.00109
0.00153
0.00227
0.00334
0.00517
0.00803
0.01235
0.01944
0.03073
0.05081
0.12943
0.01845
0.00527
0.00178
0.00168
0.00305
0.00358
0.00418
0.00542
0.00764
0.01127
0.01654
0.02554
0.03935
0.05990
0.09271
0.14271
0.22542
1.00000
100 000
98 155
97 638
97 464
97 300
97 003
96 655
96 251
95 730
94 999
93 928
92 374
90 015
86 473
81 293
73 757
63 231
48 977
1 845
517
174
164
297
347
404
521
731
1 071
1 554
2 359
3 542
5 179
7 537
10 526
14 253
48 977
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
221
Mortality

2000-2005
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
98 099
390 095
485 895
484 791
481 739
475 150
467 196
459 761
452 640
445 051
435 405
421 615
401 693
373 724
334 708
284 334
225 097
272 933
0.97639 a
0.99529 b
0.99773
0.99370
0.98632
0.98326
0.98409
0.98451
0.98323
0.97833
0.96833
0.95275
0.93037
0.89560
0.84950
0.79167
0.54802 c
0.00000
6 989 924
6 891 825
6 501 730
6 015 836
5 531 045
5 049 306
4 574 157
4 106 961
3 647 200
3 194 560
2 749 509
2 314 104
1 892 489
1 490 796
1 117 072
782 364
498 030
272 933
69.90
70.41
66.83
61.97
57.11
52.68
48.55
44.32
39.98
35.57
31.17
26.92
22.89
19.11
15.62
12.54
9.70
7.05
98 528
392 236
488 982
488 190
487 088
485 535
483 723
481 513
478 507
474 155
467 860
458 434
444 252
423 335
392 672
348 626
287 786
398 516
0.98153 a
0.99637 b
0.99838
0.99774
0.99681
0.99627
0.99543
0.99376
0.99090
0.98672
0.97985
0.96906
0.95292
0.92757
0.88783
0.82549
0.58067 c
0.00000
7 579 938
7 481 410
7 089 175
6 600 193
6 112 004
5 624 915
5 139 380
4 655 657
4 174 144
3 695 637
3 221 482
2 753 622
2 295 188
1 850 936
1 427 601
1 034 929
686 303
398 516
75.80
76.06
72.43
67.55
62.65
57.83
53.02
48.22
43.46
38.76
34.16
29.66
25.35
21.24
17.37
13.82
10.63
7.88
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.02161
0.00152
0.00045
0.00046
0.00207
0.00345
0.00330
0.00311
0.00313
0.00364
0.00514
0.00777
0.01168
0.01738
0.02722
0.03882
0.05622
0.14176
0.02120
0.00606
0.00222
0.00232
0.01028
0.01711
0.01637
0.01545
0.01552
0.01803
0.02539
0.03812
0.05675
0.08328
0.12743
0.17694
0.24648
1.00000
100 000
97 880
97 287
97 071
96 846
95 850
94 210
92 668
91 236
89 820
88 201
85 961
82 685
77 993
71 497
62 386
51 348
38 691
2 120
593
216
225
996
1 640
1 542
1 432
1 416
1 619
2 239
3 277
4 692
6 495
9 111
11 039
12 656
38 691
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01665
0.00123
0.00033
0.00031
0.00059
0.00069
0.00081
0.00103
0.00148
0.00218
0.00318
0.00498
0.00763
0.01176
0.01855
0.02964
0.04866
0.12686
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
222
0.01640
0.00490
0.00167
0.00157
0.00294
0.00344
0.00403
0.00511
0.00738
0.01083
0.01575
0.02461
0.03742
0.05713
0.08866
0.13796
0.21691
1.00000
100 000
98 360
97 878
97 715
97 561
97 274
96 940
96 549
96 056
95 347
94 315
92 829
90 544
87 156
82 177
74 891
64 559
50 555
1 640
482
163
153
287
334
391
494
709
1 032
1 486
2 285
3 388
4 979
7 286
10 332
14 004
50 555
Mortalidad

2005-2010
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
98 287
391 074
487 252
486 234
483 449
477 451
470 186
463 340
456 708
449 548
440 362
427 166
408 021
380 987
343 051
293 596
234 589
294 669
0.97872 a
0.99569 b
0.99791
0.99427
0.98759
0.98478
0.98544
0.98569
0.98432
0.97956
0.97004
0.95518
0.93374
0.90043
0.85584
0.79902
0.55676 c
0.00000
7 085 969
6 987 682
6 596 608
6 109 356
5 623 123
5 139 674
4 662 223
4 192 037
3 728 697
3 271 989
2 822 440
2 382 079
1 954 913
1 546 892
1 165 905
822 854
529 258
294 669
70.86
71.24
67.62
62.76
57.88
53.41
49.21
44.92
40.53
36.08
31.66
27.38
23.31
19.50
15.96
12.82
9.94
7.26
98 671
393 002
490 053
489 333
488 333
486 921
485 265
483 235
480 463
476 441
470 607
461 853
448 651
429 107
400 315
358 642
300 394
438 662
0.98335 a
0.99670 b
0.99853
0.99796
0.99711
0.99660
0.99582
0.99427
0.99163
0.98776
0.98140
0.97141
0.95644
0.93290
0.89590
0.83759
0.59354 c
0.00000
7 679 950
7 581 278
7 188 276
6 698 223
6 208 890
5 720 557
5 233 636
4 748 371
4 265 136
3 784 673
3 308 232
2 837 624
2 375 772
1 927 121
1 498 014
1 097 699
739 057
438 662
76.80
76.95
73.29
68.39
63.49
58.65
53.83
49.02
44.24
39.52
34.89
30.37
26.02
21.86
17.94
14.32
11.06
8.22
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01943
0.00138
0.00041
0.00043
0.00187
0.00313
0.00301
0.00286
0.00291
0.00342
0.00486
0.00735
0.01107
0.01652
0.02588
0.03714
0.05413
0.13767
0.01910
0.00550
0.00205
0.00213
0.00933
0.01551
0.01492
0.01420
0.01443
0.01695
0.02398
0.03609
0.05388
0.07934
0.12154
0.16992
0.23840
1.00000
100 000
98 090
97 550
97 350
97 143
96 237
94 744
93 331
92 005
90 678
89 141
87 003
83 863
79 345
73 050
64 171
53 267
40 568
1 910
540
200
207
906
1 493
1 413
1 325
1 327
1 537
2 138
3 140
4 518
6 295
8 879
10 904
12 699
40 568
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01500
0.00111
0.00030
0.00028
0.00053
0.00063
0.00074
0.00094
0.00136
0.00200
0.00293
0.00460
0.00704
0.01086
0.01713
0.02736
0.04490
0.12159
0.01480
0.00442
0.00152
0.00142
0.00266
0.00312
0.00368
0.00469
0.00678
0.00997
0.01454
0.02272
0.03458
0.05286
0.08213
0.12803
0.20184
1.00000
100 000
98 520
98 085
97 936
97 797
97 536
97 232
96 874
96 420
95 766
94 811
93 432
91 309
88 151
83 492
76 634
66 823
53 335
1 480
435
149
139
260
304
358
454
654
955
1 379
2 123
3 158
4 660
6 857
9 812
13 488
53 335
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
223
Mortality

2010-2015
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
98 466
392 000
488 534
487 594
485 056
479 601
472 971
466 670
460 492
453 731
444 974
432 335
413 919
387 771
350 873
302 324
243 599
316 067
0.98093 a
0.99606 b
0.99808
0.99479
0.98875
0.98618
0.98668
0.98676
0.98532
0.98070
0.97160
0.95740
0.93683
0.90485
0.86163
0.80575
0.56474 c
0.00000
7 176 978
7 078 512
6 686 512
6 197 978
5 710 384
5 225 328
4 745 726
4 272 755
3 806 085
3 345 592
2 891 861
2 446 887
2 014 553
1 600 634
1 212 863
861 990
559 666
316 067
71.77
72.02
68.37
63.49
58.61
54.09
49.83
45.48
41.05
36.57
32.13
27.81
23.71
19.86
16.28
13.09
10.16
7.46
98 797
393 670
490 987
490 328
489 416
488 126
486 605
484 730
482 161
478 424
472 990
464 819
452 470
434 131
406 991
367 449
311 598
476 270
0.98493 a
0.99699 b
0.99866
0.99814
0.99736
0.99688
0.99615
0.99470
0.99225
0.98864
0.98272
0.97343
0.95947
0.93748
0.90284
0.84800
0.60451 c
0.00000
7 769 962
7 671 165
7 277 495
6 786 508
6 296 180
5 806 763
5 318 637
4 832 032
4 347 303
3 865 141
3 386 717
2 913 728
2 448 909
1 996 439
1 562 308
1 155 317
787 868
476 270
77.70
77.75
74.06
69.16
64.25
59.40
54.56
49.73
44.94
40.21
35.56
31.01
26.63
22.43
18.46
14.78
11.45
8.53
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01737
0.00125
0.00038
0.00039
0.00170
0.00283
0.00274
0.00263
0.00270
0.00322
0.00459
0.00697
0.01052
0.01574
0.02466
0.03561
0.05224
0.13401
0.01710
0.00499
0.00189
0.00196
0.00846
0.01406
0.01359
0.01305
0.01343
0.01596
0.02270
0.03424
0.05125
0.07574
0.11616
0.16349
0.23101
1.00000
100 000
98 290
97 799
97 614
97 423
96 599
95 241
93 947
92 721
91 476
90 016
87 973
84 961
80 607
74 502
65 848
55 082
42 357
1 710
491
185
191
824
1 358
1 294
1 226
1 245
1 460
2 044
3 012
4 354
6 105
8 654
10 766
12 725
42 357
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01356
0.00100
0.00028
0.00026
0.00049
0.00057
0.00068
0.00087
0.00126
0.00186
0.00272
0.00427
0.00653
0.01009
0.01591
0.02542
0.04172
0.11720
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
224
0.01340
0.00400
0.00138
0.00130
0.00242
0.00285
0.00338
0.00433
0.00627
0.00924
0.01350
0.02110
0.03215
0.04920
0.07652
0.11950
0.18890
1.00000
100 000
98 660
98 265
98 129
98 002
97 765
97 486
97 156
96 736
96 129
95 241
93 955
91 972
89 016
84 637
78 160
68 820
55 820
1 340
395
136
127
237
279
330
421
607
888
1 286
1 983
2 957
4 379
6 477
9 340
13 000
55 820
Mortalidad

2015-2020
Edad / Age

(x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
T(x)
e(x)
98 618
392 795
489 646
488 778
486 468
481 519
475 480
469 687
463 934
457 548
449 194
437 081
419 359
394 059
358 168
310 524
252 132
336 933
0.98283 a
0.99640 b
0.99823
0.99528
0.98983
0.98746
0.98782
0.98775
0.98623
0.98174
0.97303
0.95945
0.93967
0.90892
0.86698
0.81196
0.57198 c
0.00000
7 261 921
7 163 303
6 770 508
6 280 862
5 792 085
5 305 616
4 824 098
4 348 618
3 878 931
3 414 997
2 957 449
2 508 255
2 071 174
1 651 815
1 257 756
899 589
589 065
336 933
72.62
72.75
69.08
64.19
59.30
54.74
50.42
46.02
41.54
37.04
32.57
28.23
24.09
20.20
16.58
13.34
10.37
7.65
98 913
394 293
491 863
491 264
490 437
489 264
487 874
486 150
483 778
480 318
475 272
467 670
456 157
439 000
413 498
376 093
322 714
515 355
0.98641 a
0.99728 b
0.99878
0.99832
0.99761
0.99716
0.99647
0.99512
0.99285
0.98949
0.98400
0.97538
0.96239
0.94191
0.90954
0.85807
0.61493 c
0.00000
7 859 917
7 761 004
7 366 711
6 874 849
6 383 584
5 893 147
5 403 882
4 916 008
4 429 858
3 946 079
3 465 761
2 990 488
2 522 818
2 066 661
1 627 660
1 214 163
838 069
515 355
78.60
78.56
74.84
69.93
65.01
60.15
55.30
50.46
45.65
40.90
36.23
31.66
27.24
23.00
18.98
15.24
11.84
8.84
HOMBRES / MALES

0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01562
0.00113
0.00035
0.00036
0.00154
0.00256
0.00249
0.00241
0.00252
0.00303
0.00435
0.00661
0.01001
0.01503
0.02355
0.03421
0.05050
0.13077
0.01540
0.00452
0.00175
0.00180
0.00766
0.01271
0.01237
0.01200
0.01250
0.01504
0.02152
0.03253
0.04883
0.07242
0.11120
0.15758
0.22421
1.00000
100 000
98 460
98 015
97 844
97 668
96 920
95 688
94 504
93 371
92 203
90 816
88 862
85 971
81 773
75 851
67 416
56 793
44 060
1 540
445
171
176
748
1 232
1 183
1 134
1 168
1 387
1 954
2 891
4 198
5 922
8 434
10 623
12 733
44 060
MUJERES / FEMALES

a
b
c
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

0.01223
0.00090
0.00025
0.00024
0.00044
0.00052
0.00062
0.00080
0.00116
0.00171
0.00252
0.00395
0.00605
0.00935
0.01475
0.02357
0.03870
0.11312
0.01210
0.00360
0.00126
0.00118
0.00219
0.00259
0.00309
0.00398
0.00578
0.00853
0.01250
0.01954
0.02980
0.04566
0.07112
0.11128
0.17642
1.00000
100 000
98 790
98 434
98 311
98 195
97 980
97 726
97 424
97 036
96 475
95 652
94 457
92 611
89 852
85 749
79 650
70 787
58 299
1 210
356
124
116
215
254
302
388
561
823
1 195
1 846
2 760
4 103
6 098
8 863
12 488
58 299
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,) = T(80) / T(75).
225
Mortalidad
Metodologa de las estimaciones y proyecciones de la

mortalidad por sexo y edad
1. Introduccin
Para la elaboracin de las estimaciones y proyecciones
de la poblacin total por sexo y edad de cada pas de la
regin se utiliz el modelo de los componentes. Este
modelo adems de generar las proyecciones por sexo y
edad, permite derivar una amplia y detallada gama de
indicadores sociodemogrficos, as como otros insumos
que son de gran utilidad para desarrollar las labores de
planificacin en los ms variados campos de actividad.
Para la aplicacin del mtodo de los componentes es
necesario estimar y proyectar cada componente demogrfico
(mortalidad, fecundidad y migracin). En este captulo se
describe de manera resumida la estimacin y proyeccin
de la mortalidad.
Se parte de un conjunto de tablas de mortalidad
(observadas) por sexo y grupos quinquenales de edad,
estimadas para algn momento cercano a la fecha de los
censos de poblacin, segn la informacin disponible para
cada pas. Posteriormente se estiman las esperanzas de
vida al nacer para cada quinquenio del perodo histrico y,
por interpolacin lineal entre las probabilidades de muerte
de las tablas observadas a partir de las esperanzas de vida
al nacer estimadas por quinquenio, se obtienen las tablas

de mortalidad de los quinquenios correspondientes al
perodo histrico. Por ltimo, se proyectan las esperanzas
de vida al nacer de hombres y mujeres, controlando el
diferencial por sexo y se obtiene un conjunto de tablas
de mortalidad para el perodo de proyeccin interpolando
las probabilidades de muerte de la ltima tabla observada
y la tabla lmite de mortalidad elaborada por el Centro
Latinoamericano y Caribeo de Demografa (CELADE)
Divisin de Poblacin de la CEPAL, segn las esperanzas
de vida proyectadas.1 De estas tablas se obtienen las
relaciones de sobrevivencia P(x,x+5) necesarias para
proyectar la poblacin.
En este captulo se describe brevemente este proceso,
as como las fuentes de informacin y mtodos utilizados
para medir la estructura de la mortalidad (tasas especficas
de mortalidad por sexo y edad) que se utilizan como punto
de partida para la elaboracin de las tablas de mortalidad.
Tambin se describe la manera de calcular cada funcin
de la tabla de mortalidad.
Pujol, J.M., Proyecciones de poblacin a nivel nacional. Mtodo de los componentes, Mtodos para proyecciones subnacionales de poblacin,
Bogot, noviembre de 1989.
227
Mortality
2. Disponibilidad y calidad de los datos bsicos

Se observa un aumento del nmero de pases con
cobertura satisfactoria y buena, sin embargo tambin se
observa un aumento del nmero de pases sin informacin.
Esto no significa que la informacin no exista, sino que
no est disponible para todo el perodo o que se publica
tardamente. Cabe recordar que esta informacin se
refiere a las defunciones totales y que el subregistro es
diferencial segn la edad y puede presentar distintos
patrones de subregistro por sexo. En general, el mayor
subregistro se da en edades tempranas (defunciones de
menores de 15 aos).
La disponibilidad y calidad de la informacin bsica
(estadsticas vitales y censos de poblacin) determinan
los mtodos utilizados para estimar la mortalidad por
sexo y edad de cada pas. Cuando la informacin bsica
proveniente de estas fuentes no permite estimar el nivel
y la estructura de la mortalidad por sexo y edad se utiliza
informacin proveniente de las encuestas demogrficas,
estimaciones provenientes de tcnicas indirectas de
estimacin, mtodos de correccin de los datos y modelos
de mortalidad.
Las dificultades para estimar la mortalidad, ya sea
que obedezcan a la publicacin tarda de las estadsticas
de defunciones o a la conciliacin de las estimaciones
provenientes de las diversas fuentes o mtodos de estimacin,
hace necesario el monitoreo constante de las estimaciones
y la realizacin de ajustes permanentes.
La principal fuente de informacin para estimar y analizar la

mortalidad por edades son las estadsticas vitales combinadas
con los censos de poblacin. De las estadsticas vitales
se obtienen las defunciones por edades, y de los censos,
la poblacin por edades. Las defunciones corresponden
al numerador y la poblacin al denominador de las tasas
especficas de mortalidad.
En Amrica Latina se realizan censos de poblacin de
forma sistemtica desde 1950, sin embargo no todos los
pases han realizado censos con una periodicidad regular. En
trminos de cobertura censal tambin existe un panorama
diverso: se han estimado cifras de omisin censal de entre
0% y 16% en los censos de la ronda de 1980; de entre 1%
y 14,5% en los censos de la ronda de 1990 y de entre 0%
y 7,5% en los censos de la ronda de 2000.2
Con relacin a la calidad de las estadsticas vitales,
en lo que se refiere al subregistro de defunciones tambin
hay situaciones diversas en la regin. En algunos pases
de Amrica Latina se registran casi todas las muertes (y se
publican los resultados), pero en otros ni siquiera se conoce
el nmero de defunciones registradas. Si se agrupan los
pases de acuerdo con el criterio (subjetivo) que considera
buena una cobertura superior al 90%; satisfactoria
una de entre un 80% y un 89%; regular una de entre
un 70% y un 79%, y deficiente una cobertura inferior
al 70%, se obtienen los resultados que se presentan en
el cuadro 1.
Cuadro 1
Amrica Latina: Clasificacin de los pases segn el grado de cobertura de las estadsticas de defunciones
Clasificacin segn la cobertura

de las estadsticas de defunciones

Buena (> del 90%)
Satisfactoria (entre el 80% y el 89%)
Regular (entre el 70% y el 79%)
Deficiente (< del 70%)
Sin informacin
Periodos
1960-1965
1975-1980
1980-1985
1985-1990
1990-1995
1995-2000
2000-2005
3
5
4
7
1
7
2
2
9
0
6
1
5
6
2
5
3
5
2
5
8
2
3
3
4
7
5
1
0
7
6
4
1
2
7
Fuente: Bay, G. y Orellana, H., La calidad de las estadsticas vitales en la Amrica Latina, Taller de expertos en el uso de estadsticas vitales: alcances y limitaciones,
Santiago de Chile, 13-14 de diciembre 2007, indito.
Tacla Chamy, Odette, La omisin censal en Amrica Latina, 1950-2000, serie Poblacin y desarrollo, N 65, Santiago de Chile, CEPAL,
enero del 2006.
228
Mortalidad
3. Estimacin de la mortalidad por edades, perodo observado

1950-2005
El punto de partida para la elaboracin de una tabla de
mortalidad son las tasas especficas de mortalidad por sexo
y edad. En este caso se han elaborado tablas abreviadas de
mortalidad por grupos de edad. El impacto de la mortalidad
infantil (de menores de 1 ao) en la mortalidad general
y los problemas de calidad de la informacin bsica,
diferencial segn edad, significa que es necesario analizar
con mayor cautela las estimaciones de mortalidad de los
menores de 5 aos.
Segn la disponibilidad de informacin, se utilizan

tcnicas directas e indirectas de estimacin de la tasa
mortalidad infantil y de la tasa de mortalidad entre 1 y 4
aos. Por estimacin directa se entiende la obtenida con la
informacin de nacimientos y defunciones proveniente de
las estadsticas vitales y la obtenida por el mtodo de historia
de embarazos, publicadas en los informes de las encuestas
demogrficas. La estimacin indirecta es la resultante de
la aplicacin del mtodo de hijos nacidos vivos e hijos
Cuadro 2
Amrica Latina: mtodos y fuentes utilizados para estimar la mortalidad de la poblacin, por edad,
ltimo perodo estimado
Pas
Perodo

Argentina
1995 - 2000
Mtodos y fuentes considerados para estimar la mortalidad de la poblacin, por edada

Menores de 5 aos
Personas de 5 aos y ms
EV - directo
Censo, EV - directo
Bolivia
1995 - 2000
ED - directo

Censo - DM
Modelo
Brasil
1995 - 2000

ED, EV - directo
Censo - indirecto
Censo, EV - DM
Chile
EV - directo
Censo, EV - directo
Colombia
1990 - 1995

1995 - 2000
ED - directo
Censo - indirecto
Censo, EV - DM
Costa Rica
1995 - 2000
EV - directo
Censo, EV - directo
Cuba
2000 - 2005
EV - directo
Censo, EV - directo
Ecuador
1995 - 2000

ED - directo
Censo - indirecto
Censo, EV - DM
El Salvador
ED - directo
Censo, EV - DM
Guatemala
1995 - 2000

EV - directo
ED - directo
Censo - indirecto
Censo, EV - DM
Hait
2000 - 2005

ED - directo
Censo - indirecto
Censo - DM
Modelo
Honduras
1985 - 1990

ED - directo
Censo - indirecto
Censo, EV - DM
Mxico
1995 - 2000
Censo - indirecto
Censo, EV - DM
Nicaragua
2000 - 2005

ED - directo
Censo - indirecto
Censo, EV - DM
Modelo
Panam
1995 - 2000

EV - directo
Censo - indirecto
Censo, EV - DM
Paraguay
2000 - 2005

ED - directo
Censo - indirecto
Censo, EV - DM
Per
1995 - 2000

ED - directo
e indirecto
Censo, EV - DM
Repblica Dominicana
1995 - 2000

ED - directo
EV
Censo, EV - DM
Uruguay
EV - directo
Censo, EV - directo
EV - directo
ED - indirecto
Censo, EV - DM
1990 - 1995
2000 - 2005

1995 - 2000

Fuente: Informe tcnico de las estimaciones y proyecciones de poblacin, Revisin 2006, indito.
a EV
- estadsticas vitales, ED - encuestas demogrficas, DM - mtodo de distribucin de las muertes, Modelo de Coale y Demeny.
229
sobrevivientes con informacin recabada en los censos de

poblacin y algunas encuestas demogrficas.3
Para estimar la mortalidad de mayores de 5 aos se
consideran las defunciones provenientes de las estadsticas
vitales, las defunciones ocurridas en el hogar en el ltimo
ao informadas en los censos y la poblacin de los censos
como estimacin directa. Para corregir la subestimacin
de las tasas se aplica el mtodo de distribucin por edad
de las muertes.4 En algunos casos se estima la mortalidad
infantil y se elige un conjunto de tasas de mortalidad
correspondiente a un modelo de Coale y Demeny.5
En el cuadro 2 se resumen los mtodos utilizados
para elaborar la ltima tabla de mortalidad observada
para cada pas. Se destaca que solamente en los casos de
Bolivia y Hait se han utilizado modelos para estimar la
mortalidad; en 5 pases se utilizaron las estadsticas vitales
en forma directa y en los dems pases las estimaciones
Mortality
se obtuvieron sobre la base de datos provenientes de las

distintas fuentes de informacin.
Una vez que se elaboran tablas de mortalidad
para los distintos momentos censales, se obtienen por
interpolacin lineal estimaciones de esperanza de vida
al nacer por sexo para los quinquenios del perodo 19502005. Una vez obtenidas las cifras de esperanza de vida
al nacer por sexo de los quinquenios, se obtienen las
probabilidades de muerte por edades por interpolacin
lineal entre las distintas tablas observadas. Con el conjunto
de probabilidades de muerte por sexo y edad obtenidas
para cada esperanza de vida estimada se elabora la tabla
de mortalidad correspondiente. Para este procedimiento se
emple el mdulo de mortalidad del software PRODEM
desarrollado por el Centro Latinoamericano y Caribeo
de Demografa (CELADE) - Divisin de Poblacin de
la CEPAL.6
4. Proyeccin de la mortalidad, perodo 2005-2050

El proceso de proyeccin de la mortalidad tiene dos
etapas. La primera consiste en la proyeccin del nivel
de mortalidad por sexo (medido por la esperanza de vida
al nacer) y la segunda corresponde a la proyeccin de la
estructura de la mortalidad (medida por las probabilidades
de muerte por sexo y edad), que constituyen la base de
las tablas de mortalidad implcitas en las proyecciones
de poblacin.
Para proyectar las esperanzas de vida al nacer se
utiliza el procedimiento propuesto por la Divisin de
Poblacin de las Naciones Unidas.7 El procedimiento
parte del supuesto de que el incremento de la esperanza
de vida al nacer disminuye gradualmente a medida que
desciende la mortalidad. Utilizando datos de varios pases
de mortalidad baja y moderada se calcul el incremento
medio por quinquenio de la esperanza de vida por sexo
segn el nivel anterior y el ritmo de descenso de la
mortalidad. En el cuadro 3 se presentan los valores del
incremento calculados por el procedimiento mencionado
3
4
5
6
7
8
230
y para el caso de los pases de Amrica Latina se utiliza

un ritmo medio de descenso de la mortalidad.
Esta proyeccin se hace de manera independiente, por
sexo, y una vez obtenida la serie de esperanzas de vida
proyectadas por sexo para cada quinquenio del perodo
2005-2050, se ajustan los diferenciales por sexo cuando
es necesario.
Una vez que se obtiene un conjunto de esperanzas
de vida proyectadas por sexo para el perodo 2005-2050,
se proyectan las probabilidades de muerte por sexo y
edad asociadas a las esperanzas de vida proyectadas
previamente. El procedimiento empleado es similar al
del perodo histrico, pero en este caso se necesita una
tabla lmite de mortalidad con una esperanza de vida al
nacer superior a la proyectada para el ltimo quinquenio.
La tabla lmite utilizada corresponde a la elaborada por
(CELADE) - Divisin de Poblacin de la CEPAL e
incorporada en el software PRODEM que se presenta
en los cuadros 4A y 4B.8
Naciones Unidas, Manual X. Tcnicas indirectas de estimacin demogrfica, Nueva York,1983.

Ibd.
Coale, A. y Demeny, P., Regional Model Life Tables and Stable Populations, Academic Press, 1983.
CELADE, PRODEM. Proyecciones Demogrficas nacionales y subnacionales por microcomputador. Versin 2.0, 1991.
Grimblat, J.A. Metodologa para proyecciones de la mortalidad de la Divisin de Poblacin de las Naciones Unidas, seminario Evolucin
futura de la mortalidad, Santiago de Chile, noviembre de 1995.
Para ms detalles, vaseayor detalle ver: Pujol, J.M., La metodologa utilizada por el CELADE para la proyeccin de la mortalidad,
seminario Evolucin futura de la mortalidad. Santiago de Chile, 22-24 de noviembre de 1995.
Mortalidad
Cuadro 3
Incremento de la esperanza de vida al nacer, segn el nivel inicial de la mortalidad
y el ritmo de descenso de la mortalidad
Criterio de la Divisin de Poblacin de las Naciones Unidas
e(0)
Rpido
Inicial
Medio
Lento
Hombres
Mujeres
Hombres
Mujeres
Hombres
Mujeres
2,5
2,5
2,5
2,3
2,0
1,5
1,2
1,0
0,8
0,5
0,5
-
-
2,5
2,5
2,5
2,5
2,5
2,3
2,0
1,5
1,2
1,0
0,8
0,5
0,5
2,5
2,5
2,3
2,0
1,5
1,2
1,0
0,8
0,5
0,4
0,4
-
-
2,5
2,5
2,5
2,5
2,3
2,0
1,5
1,2
1,0
0,8
0,5
0,4
0,4
2,0
2,0
2,0
2,0
1,5
1,0
0,8
0,5
0,3
0,3
0,3
-
-
2,0
2,0
2,0
2,0
2,0
1,5
1,2
1,0
0,8
0,5
0,3
0,3
0,3
55,0 - 57,5
57,5 - 60,0
60,0 - 62,5
62,5 - 65,0
65,0 - 67,5
67,5 - 70,0
70,0 - 72,5
72,5 - 75,0
75,0 - 77,5
77,5 - 80,0
80,0 - 82,5
82,5 - 85,0
85,0 - 87,5
Fuente: Grimblat, J.A. Metodologa para proyecciones de la mortalidad de la Divisin de Poblacin de las Naciones Unidas, seminario Evolucin futura de la mortalidad,
Santiago de Chile, noviembre de 1995.
Cuadro 4-A
Tabla lmite de mortalidad
Hombres
Edad (x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
d(x,n)
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
w
0,00090
0,00012
0,00010
0,00009
0,00014
0,00022
0,00036
0,00057
0,00091
0,00144
0,00227
0,00359
0,00566
0,00894
0,01414
0,02248
0,03606
0,10555
0,00090
0,00047
0,00048
0,00043
0,00071
0,00111
0,00180
0,00286
0,00453
0,00716
0,01130
0,01778
0,02791
0,04373
0,06830
0,10643
0,16537
1,00000
100 000
99 910
99 863
99 815
99 772
99 701
99 591
99 411
99 127
98 678
97 972
96 864
95 142
92 487
88 442
82 402
73 632
61 455
90
47
48
43
71
111
179
284
449
707
1 107
1 722
2 655
4 044
6 041
8 770
12 176
61 455
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
99 919
0,99891 a
399 538
0,99948 b
499 195
0,99954
498 968
0,99943
498 684
0,99909
498 230
0,99855
497 505
0,99767
496 346
0,99631
494 513
0,99416
491 624
0,99078
487 090
0,98548
480 017
0,97720
469 072
0,96429
452 323
0,94426
427 110
0,91331
390 083
0,86576
337 717
0,63289 c
582 227
T(x)
e(x)
8 100 161
8 000 242
7 600 704
7 101 509
6 602 541
6 103 857
5 605 627
5 108 122
4 611 776
4 117 263
3 625 639
3 138 549
2 658 532
2 189 460
1 737 137
1 310 027
919 944
582 227
81,00
80,07
76,11
71,15
66,18
61,22
56,29
51,38
46,52
41,72
37,01
32,40
27,94
23,67
19,64
15,90
12,49
9,47
Fuente: CELADE- Divisin de Poblacin de la Cepal.

a
b
c
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,w) = T(80) / T(75).
231
Mortality
Cuadro 4-B
Tabla lmite de mortalidad
Mujeres
Edad (x)
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
n
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
w
m(x,n)
0,00060
0,00006
0,00004
0,00003
0,00005
0,00008
0,00014
0,00021
0,00033
0,00053
0,00083
0,00130
0,00205
0,00326
0,00526
0,00871
0,01499
0,08297
q(x,n)
0,00060
0,00025
0,00020
0,00016
0,00026
0,00042
0,00068
0,00106
0,00167
0,00263
0,00412
0,00648
0,01019
0,01617
0,02597
0,04261
0,07223
1,00000
l(x)
100 000
99 940
99 915
99 895
99 879
99 853
99 811
99 743
99 638
99 471
99 210
98 801
98 161
97 160
95 589
93 107
89 139
82 701
d(x,n)
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
a
60
25
20
16
26
42
68
106
166
262
409
640
1 000
1 571
2482
3 967
6 439
82 701
99 946
0,99930
399 704
0,99975 b
499 525
0,99982
499 435
0,99979
499 330
0,99966
499 161
0,99945
498 886
0,99913
498 452
0,99864
497 772
0,99785
496 702
0,99663
495 026
0,99470
492 403
0,99167
488 302
0,98684
481 874
0,97897
471 740
0,96582
455 616
0,94290
429 601
0,69880 c
996 712
T(x)
e(x)
8 800 186
8 700 240
8 3005 36
7 801 011
7 301 576
6 802 245
6 303 085
5 804 199
5 305 747
4 807 975
4 311 274
3 816 248
3 323 844
2 835 542
2 353 668
1 881 928
1 426 313
996 712
88,00
87,05
83,08
78,09
73,10
68,12
63,15
58,19
53,25
48,34
43,46
38,63
33,86
29,18
24,62
20,21
16,00
12,05
Fuente: CELADE- Divisin de Poblacin de la CEPAL.

a
b
c
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,w) = T(80) / T(75).
5. Funciones de la tabla de mortalidad

A continuacin se describe brevemente cada funcin de
la tabla de mortalidad y su procedimiento de clculo a
partir de las tasas de mortalidad por edad.
Probabilidad de morir, q(x,n)

Es la probabilidad que tiene una persona de edad exacta
x de fallecer antes de cumplir la edad x+n.
Tasa de mortalidad por edad, m(x, n)

Es el cociente entre las defunciones ocurridas entre las
edades exactas x y x+n (d(x, n)) y la poblacin estacionaria
(L(x, n)), correspondiente a esas mismas edades.
Es el punto de partida para la elaboracin de la tabla
de mortalidad, por lo tanto, en las tablas observadas las
tasas se calculan a partir de las defunciones observadas
(D(x, x+n)) y la poblacin media del perodo considerado
(N(x, n)).

d(x,n)
q(x,n) =

l(x)

d(x,n)
m(x,n) =

L(x,n)
Tasa de mortalidad infantil, q(0,1)

Es la probabilidad que tiene un recin nacido de morir
antes de cumplir 1 ao de vida. En la prctica, se define
232
Clculo de la q(x,n) a partir de la m(x,n), segn la

relacin propuesta por Reed y Merrell.9
q(x,n) = 1 - l [-n*m(x,n)-0,008n *m(x,n) ]
Para mayores antecedentes ver: Ortega, A., Tablas de mortalidad, CELADE, San Jos, Costa Rica, 1987.
como el cociente entre las defunciones de menores de 1

ao ocurridas en un determinado lapso y los nacimientos
ocurridos en el mismo perodo.
Sobrevivientes de edad x, l(x)
Es el nmero de personas que, de acuerdo con la tabla
de mortalidad, a partir de un grupo de 100.000 nacidos
vivos utilizados como raz de la tabla alcanza la edad
exacta x.
l(x) - d(x,n) = l (x + n)
Nmero de muertes d(x,n)

Son las personas que fallecen entre el momento en que
cumplen la edad x y antes de cumplir la edad x+n.
d(x,n) = l (x) * q(x,n)
Mortalidad
En el caso particular del grupo abierto final ( y

ms)

d(+) l()

L(+) =
=
m(+) m(+)
En general, las tasas de mortalidad del grupo abierto
final estn ms afectadas por errores en la informacin
bsica. Por esta razn se calcula el grupo abierto final
segn las relaciones empricas; en el caso de las tablas
que se incluyen en esta publicacin, se utiliz la siguiente
relacin:
L(80+) = 4,424 * l(80) + 0,0000674 * l(80)2

Tiempo vivido desde la edad x, T(x)
Es el nmero total de aos que les resta por vivir a los
sobrevivientes de edad exacta x.

Tiempo vivido entre las edades x y x+n, L(x,n)

Es el nmero de aos vividos entre las edades exactas
x y x+n por los sobrevivientes de un grupo inicial de
100.000 nacimientos utilizados como raz de la tabla.
Representa, adems, la poblacin estacionaria con edades
comprendidas entre las edades exactas x y x+n.

T(x) = l(a)da

x

x+n

L(x,n) = (a)da

x
Clculo del tiempo vivido:

Para x = 0, 1, 2, 3 y 4
L(x,n) = f(x) * l(x) + (1 - f(x) * l(x+1)
Donde f(x) es el factor de separacin de las

muertes
Para x 5

d(x,n)
l(x) + l(x+n)
L(x,n) =
o L(x,n) =
*n

2
m(x,n)
En la prctica se calcula como la suma del tiempo

vivido desde la edad x hasta .

-1
a=x
T(x) = L(a)
Esperanza de vida a la edad x, e(x)

Es el nmero promedio de aos que resta por vivir a los
sobrevivientes de edad exacta x.

T(x)
e(x) =

l(x)
Relacin de sobrevivencia entre x y x+n,
P(x,x+n)
Es la probabilidad que tienen los componentes de la
poblacin estacionaria con edades comprendidas entre
las edades exactas x y x+n de sobrevivir cierto nmero
de aos.

L(x + n,n)
nP(x,x + n) =

L(x,n)
233
Mortality
6. Notas y fuentes de informacin por pases

En general, las estimaciones y proyecciones de la poblacin
total por sexo y grupo de edad de cada uno de los 20 pases
de Amrica Latina para el perodo 1950-2050 se han
elaborado conjuntamente con instituciones nacionales.
Argentina
Las estimaciones y proyecciones de la poblacin fueron
elaboradas conjuntamente con el Instituto Nacional de
Estadstica y Censos (INDEC) y corroboradas en 2006
por el Centro Latinoamericano y Caribeo de Demografa
(CELADE) - Divisin de Poblacin de la CEPAL, sobre la
base de las nuevas fuentes de informacin disponibles.
Fuentes de informacin consideradas:
Estadsticas vitales de 1950-2004
Censos de poblacin de 1947, 1960, 1970, 1980,
1991 y 2001
Investigacin de la Migracin Internacional en
Latinoamrica (IMILA), base de datos del Centro
Latinoamericano y Caribeo de Demografa
(CELADE) - Divisin de Poblacin de la
CEPAL
Bolivia
Las estimaciones y proyecciones de la poblacin
corresponden a las publicadas en: Bolivia: estimaciones
y proyecciones de poblacin, 1950-2050, serie OI,
N 202, La Paz, Instituto Nacional de Estadstica/Centro
- Divisin de Poblacin de la CEPAL/ Fondo de Poblacin
de las Naciones Unidas. Las cifras fueron corroboradas
en 2006 por el Centro Latinoamericano y Caribeo de
Demografa (CELADE) - Divisin de Poblacin de la
CEPAL, sobre la base de las nuevas fuentes de informacin
disponibles.
Censos de poblacin de 1950, 1976, 1992 y
2001
Encuestas demogrficas nacionales de 1975 y
1980
Encuesta nacional de poblacin y vivienda de
1988
Encuestas nacionales de demografa y salud de
1989, 1994, 1998 y 2003
CEPAL
234
Brasil
elaboradas por el Centro Latinoamericano y Caribeo
la CEPAL en marzo de 2003, en consulta con el Instituto
Brasileo de Geografa y Estadstica (IBGE), sobre la base
de informacin proporcionada por el IBGE. Las cifras
fueron corroboradas en 2006 por el CELADE - Divisin
de Poblacin de la CEPAL, sobre la base de las nuevas
fuentes de informacin disponibles.
1991 y 2000
Conteo de poblacin de 1996
Pesquisa nacional por amostra de domiclio
de 1972, 1973, 1976, 1977, 1978, 1984, 1986
y 1996
Pesquisa nacional sobre sade materno-infantil
e planejamento familiar de 1986
CEPAL
Chile
corresponden a las publicadas en Chile: estimaciones
y proyecciones de la poblacin. 1950-2050, serie
OI N 208, Santiago de Chile, Instituto Nacional de
Estadsticas/Centro Latinoamericano y Caribeo de
Demografa. Las cifras fueron corroboradas en 2006 por
(CELADE) - Divisin de Poblacin de la CEPAL, sobre la
base de las nuevas fuentes de informacin disponibles.
Estadstica vitales de 1950-2004
1992 y 2002
CEPAL
Colombia
Las estimaciones y proyecciones de la poblacin, de
carcter preliminar, fueron elaboradas por el Departamento
Administrativo Nacional de Estadstica (DANE) y
el Departamento Nacional de Planeacin (DNP), en
colaboracin con el Centro Latinoamericano y Caribeo
de Demografa (CELADE) - Divisin de Poblacin de la
CEPAL, en 1998. Las cifras fueron revisadas en 2006 por
el CELADE - Divisin de Poblacin de la CEPAL, sobre
la base de las nuevas fuentes de informacin disponibles;
se introdujeron cambios en las cifras de mortalidad,
fecundidad y migracin.
1993 y resultados preliminares del censo de
poblacin de 2005
Encuesta colombiana de fecundidad de 1976
Encuestas nacionales de hogares de 1978 y
1980
Encuestas nacionales de demografa y salud de
1986, 1990, 1995, 2000 y 2005
CEPAL
Costa Rica
Las estimaciones y proyecciones de poblacin total para
el perodo 1970-2010 fueron elaboradas en 2002 por
el Instituto Nacional de Estadstica y Censos (INEC)
y el Centro Centroamericano de Poblacin (CCP) en
la CEPAL. El CELADE - Divisin de Poblacin de la
CEPAL extendi hasta 2050 las proyecciones de acuerdo
con los criterios de proyeccin de la Divisin de Poblacin
en 2006 por el CELADE - Divisin de Poblacin de la
disponibles.
Censos de poblacin de 1950, 1963, 1973, 1984
y 2000
Encuesta nacional de fecundidad de 1976
Encuestas de prevalencia anticonceptiva de 1978
y 1981
Encuesta nacional de fecundidad y salud de
1986
Mortalidad

CEPAL
Cuba
elaboradas por el Centro Latinoamericano y Caribeo de
CEPAL en diciembre de 2005 en consulta con la Oficina
Nacional de Estadstica.
Censo de poblacin de 1953, 1970, 1981 y
2002
Registro de poblacin de 2003
Investigacin de la Migracin Internacional
en Latinoamrica (IMILA), base de datos
del Centro Latinoamericano y Caribeo de
Demografa (CELADE)- Divisin de Poblacin
de la CEPAL
Ecuador
corresponden a las publicadas en Ecuador: estimaciones
y proyecciones de poblacin, perodo 1950-2025, serie
OI N 205, Quito, Instituto Nacional de Estadstica y
Censos (INEC)/Centro Latinoamericano y Caribeo de
CEPAL)/Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo (BID).
El Centro Latinoamericano y Caribeo de Demografa
(CELADE) - Divisin de Poblacin de la CEPAL introdujo
pequeas modificaciones para ajustarse a los criterios de la
Divisin de Poblacin de las Naciones Unidas. Las cifras
1990 y 2001
Encuesta nacional de salud maternoinfantil y
variables demogrficas de 1982
Encuesta demogrfica y de salud familiar de
1987
Encuestas demogrficas y de salud maternoinfantil
de 1994, 1999 y 2004
235

CEPAL
El Salvador
elaboradas por la Direccin General de Estadstica y
Censos (DIGESTYC), con la colaboracin del Centro
- Divisin de Poblacin de la CEPAL, en diciembre de
1996. El CELADE - Divisin de Poblacin de la CEPAL
introdujo pequeas modificaciones en la fecundidad
para ajustarse a los criterios de la Divisin de Poblacin
disponibles.
1992
Encuestas nacionales de salud familiar de 1985,
1988, 1993, 1998 y 2002-2003
Encuesta de hogares de propsitos mltiples de
1992 y 1993
CEPAL
Guatemala
corresponden a la publicacin Guatemala: estimaciones y
proyecciones nacionales de poblacin, 1950-2050, serie OI
N 207, Guatemala, Instituto Nacional de Estadstica/Centro
- Divisin de Poblacin de la CEPAL, en prensa. Las cifras
1994 y 2002
Encuestas nacionales sociodemogrficas de
1987 y 1989
Encuestas nacionales de salud maternoinfantil
de 1987, 1995, 1998-1999 y 2002
236
Mortality

CEPAL
Hait
elaboradas en 2006 por el Centro Latinoamericano
y Caribeo de Demografa (CELADE) - Divisin de
Poblacin de la CEPAL, conjuntamente con el Instituto
Haitiano de Estadstica e Informtica (IHSI).
2003
Enqute hatienne sur la fcondit de 1977
Enqute hatienne sur la prvalence de la
contraception de 1983
Enqute morbidit et utilisation des services de
1987, 1994-1995, 2000 y 2005-2006
CEPAL
Honduras
la CEPAL en 1992. En 2002, el CELADE - Divisin de
Poblacin de la CEPAL, introdujo pequeas modificaciones
en la fecundidad para ajustarse a los criterios de la Divisin
de Poblacin de las Naciones Unidas. Las cifras fueron
revisadas en 2006 por el CELADE - Divisin de Poblacin
de la CEPAL, sobre la base de las nuevas fuentes de
informacin disponibles.
y 2001
Encuesta demogrfica nacional retrospectiva de
1972
Encuesta demogrfica nacional de 1983
Encuesta nacional de salud maternoinfantil de
1984
Encuesta nacional de epidemiologa y salud
familiar de 1987, 1991 y 1996
CEPAL
Mortalidad
Mxico
Panam

de Demografa (CELADE) - Divisin de Poblacin
de la CEPAL, en consulta con el Consejo Nacional de
Poblacin (CONAPO), en diciembre de 2004 y revisadas
disponibles.
1990 y 2000
Conteos de poblacin de 1995 y 2005
Encuesta nacional de prevalencia del uso de
mtodos anticonceptivos de 1979
Encuesta nacional sobre fecundidad y salud de
1987
Encuestas nacionales de la dinmica demogrfica
de 1992 y 1997
CEPAL

elaboradas por la Direccin de Estadstica y Censos en
la CEPAL y se encuentran publicadas en Situacin
demogrfica. Estimaciones y proyecciones de la poblacin
total del pas, por sexo y edad: aos 1950-2050, Boletn
N 7, Serie OI N 203, Ciudad de Panam, Direccin de
Estadstica y Censo, octubre de 2002. Las cifras fueron
corroboradas en 2006 por el CELADE - Divisin de
Poblacin de la CEPAL, sobre la base de las nuevas
1990 y 2000
Encuesta demogrfica nacional de 1975-1976
Encuesta nacional de fecundidad 1975-1976
1976-1977
CEPAL
Nicaragua
carcter provisorio, fueron elaboradas conjuntamente
por el Instituto Nacional de Estadstica y Censos (INEC),
(CELADE) - Divisin de Poblacin de la CEPAL y el
Fondo de Poblacin de las Naciones Unidas (UNFPA),
en junio de 2007.
y 2005
Encuesta retrospectiva demogrfica nacional de
1978
Encuesta sociodemogrfica nicaragense de
1985-1986
Encuesta sobre salud familiar de 1992-1993
Encuesta nicaragense de demografa y salud
de 1998, 2001 y 2006
CEPAL
Paraguay
elaboradas conjuntamente con la Direccin General de
Estadstica, Encuestas y Censos en diciembre de 2005.
1992 y 2002
Encuesta demogrfica nacional de 1977
Encuesta nacional de demografa y salud de
1990
Encuesta nacional de demografa y salud
reproductiva de 1995-1996
Encuesta nacional de demografa y salud sexual
y reproductiva de 2004
CEPAL
237
Mortality
Per
Uruguay

la CEPAL en 2006.
y 2005
Encuesta demogrfica nacional de 1974-1976
1976
Encuestas de demografa y salud familiar de
1986, 1991-1992, 1996, 2000 y 2005
CEPAL

de Demografa (CELADE)- Divisin de Poblacin de
la CEPAL en 2006.
y 2004 fase I
CEPAL
Repblica Dominicana
carcter preliminar, fueron elaboradas por la Oficina
Nacional de Estadstica (ONE), en colaboracin con
(CELADE) - Divisin de Poblacin de la CEPAL.
1993 y 2002
Encuesta nacional de prevalencia del uso de
anticonceptivos de 1983
Encuestas demogrficas y de salud de 1986,
1991, 1996 y 2002
CEPAL
238
Venezuela (Repblica Bolivariana de)

corresponden a la publicacin La Repblica Bolivariana
de Venezuela: estimaciones y proyecciones de poblacin.
1950-2050, serie OI N 209, Caracas, Instituto Nacional
de Estadstica/Centro Latinoamericano y Caribeo de
CEPAL), en prensa. Las cifras fueron revisadas en 2006
por el CELADE - Divisin de Poblacin de la CEPAL,
sobre la base de las nuevas fuentes de informacin
disponibles; se realizaron pequeos ajustes en la estimacin
de la mortalidad.
1990 y 2001
CEPAL
Mortalidad
Methodology of mortality estimates and projections

by age and sex
1. Introduction
In preparing the estimates and projections of total population
by age and sex for each country, the components model
was used. In addition to generating projections by age
and sex, this model makes it possible to derive a broad
and detailed range of sociodemographic indicators, as
well as other inputs which are very useful for planning
activities in a great variety of fields of activity.
Applying the components method entails estimating
and projecting each demographic component (mortality,
fertility and migration). This chapter provides a brief
description of the process of estimating and projecting
mortality.
The method is based on a series of life tables (observed)
by sex and five-year age groups, estimated for a time
close to the date of the population censuses, according
to the information available for each country. For the
historical period, life expectancy at birth is estimated for
each five-year period and, by linear interpolation between
the probabilities of death in the observed tables based on
life expectancy at birth estimated by five-year period, the

life tables for the five-year periods corresponding to the
historical period are obtained. Lastly, life expectancies
at birth are projected for men and women with the sex
differential as a constant, and a series of life tables are
obtained for the projection period, interpolating the
probabilities of death from the last observed table and
the life limit table prepared by the Latin American and
Caribbean Demographic Centre (CELADE) - Population
Division of ECLAC, according to projected life expectancy.1
These tables are the sources of the survival ratios P(x,x+5)
needed in order to project the population.
This chapter will briefly describe that process, as
well as the data sources and methods used in measuring
the mortality structure (specific mortality rates by sex and
age) which are used as the starting point for creating the
life tables. It will also describe how each function in the
life table is calculated.
2. Availability and quality of basic data

The main data source for estimating and analysing mortality
by age group is vital statistics combined with population
censuses. Vital statistics provide data on deaths by age
group, and censuses provide the population by age group.
1
The deaths are the numerator and the population is the

denominator for specific mortality rates.
Population censuses have been conducted systematically
in Latin America since 1950, but not all the countries
J.M. Pujol, Proyecciones de poblacin a nivel nacional. Mtodo de los componentes, Methods for subnational population projections, Bogot,
November 1989.
239
have carried them out at regular intervals. There is wide

diversity in terms of census coverage, with estimated
census omission levels between 0% and 16% for the 1980
census round, between 1% and 14.5% for the 1990 round
and between 0% and 7.5% for the 2000 round.2
As for the quality of vital statistics, there is also
a wide range of situations in the region in respect of
under-registration of deaths. In some Latin American
countries almost all deaths are registered and the figures
are published, but in others the numbers of recorded deaths
are not even known. If the countries are grouped according
to the subjective criterion whereby coverage of over 90%
is considered to be good, 80% to 89% satisfactory,
70% to 79% fair and less than 70% insufficient, the
results obtained are as shown in table 1.
The numbers of countries with satisfactory or good
coverage are increasing, but the number of countries where
no information is available has also risen. This does not
mean that the information does not exist, but that it is not
Mortality
available for the full period or is published belatedly. It

should be noted that the data relate to total deaths, that
under-registration is differentiated by age and there may be
differing patterns of under-registration by sex. Generally,
most under-registration relates to the early years of life
(deaths of children under 15 years of age).
The availability and quality of basic data (vital statistics
and population censuses) determine the methods used
for estimating mortality by sex and age in each country.
When the basic data from those sources do not permit
the level and structure of mortality by sex and age to be
estimated, data are obtained from demographic surveys,
indirect estimating techniques, correction methods and
mortality models.
Difficulties in estimating mortality, whether they
result from late publication of death statistics or the need
to reconcile estimates from various sources or estimate
methods, make it necessary to monitor estimates constantly
and make frequent adjustments.
Table 1
Latin America: classification of countries by level of coverage of death statistics
Classification by coverage
of death statistics

Period
1960-1965
1975-1980
1980-1985
1985-1990
1990-1995
1995-2000
2000-2005
Good (over 90%)

Satisfactory (80% to 89%)
Fair (70% to 79%)
Insufficient (below 70%)
No information
3
5
4
7
1
7
2
2
9
0
6
1
5
6
2
5
3
5
2
5
8
2
3
3
4
7
5
1
0
7
6
4
1
2
7
Source: G. Bay and H. Orellana, La calidad de las estadsticas vitales en la Amrica Latina, Expert workshop on the use of vital statistics: scope and limitations, Santiago,
Chile, 13-14 December 2007, unpublished.
3. Mortality estimates by age group, observed for the period

1950-2005
The starting point for producing a life table is specific
mortality rates by sex and age. In this case, abridged
life tables by age group have been produced. Given the
incidence of infant mortality (children aged less than
one year) among overall mortality and problems with
the quality of basic data differentiated by age group,
mortality estimates for children aged under five years
must be analysed with greater caution.
Depending on data availability, direct or indirect
techniques are used to estimate the mortality rates for
2
3
240
infants and for children aged between one and four years.
Direct estimates are those obtained from birth and death
data from vital statistics and those obtained using the
pregnancy history method, published in demographic
survey reports. Indirect estimates are those obtained
by using the live births and surviving children method,
using information from population censuses and some
demographic surveys.3
Estimates of mortality in the population aged five and
above use figures on deaths from vital statistics, deaths
Odette Tacla Chamy, La omisin censal en Amrica Latina, 1950-2000, Poblacin y desarrollo series, No. 65, Santiago, Chile, January 2006.
United Nations, Manual X, Indirect Techniques for Demographic Estimation, New York, 1983 (United Nations publication, Sales No. E.83.
XIII.2).
occurring in the home over the past year as reported in

censuses, and the population figures from censuses for
direct estimates. To correct the underestimation of rates,
a method based on age distribution of deaths is applied. 4
In some cases infant mortality is estimated and a series of
mortality rates is selected, according to a Coale-Demeny
model.5
Table 2 summarizes the methods used in producing
the latest observed life table for each country. Only in the
Mortalidad
cases of Bolivia and Haiti were models used in estimating

mortality; in five countries, vital statistics were used directly,
and in the remaining countries estimates were produced
on the basis of data from a variety of sources.
Once life tables have been prepared for the various
census dates, estimates of life expectancy at birth by
sex are obtained by linear interpolation for the five-year
periods between 1950 and 2005. When those estimates
are complete, figures for probability of death by age group
Table 2
Latin America: methods and sources used in estimating the mortality of the population, by age, latest period
for which estimates were made
Country
Period

Argentina
1995-2000
Methods and sources used in estimating the mortality of the population, by agea
Children under five years of age
Persons aged five and above
VS-direct
Census, VS-direct
Bolivia
1995-2000
DS-direct

Census DDM
Coale-Demeny model
Brazil
1995-2000

DS, VS-direct
Census indirect
Census, VS-DDM
Chile
VS-direct
Census, VS-direct
Colombia
1990-1995

1995-2000
DS-direct
Census indirect
Census, VS-DDM
Costa Rica
1995-2000
VS-direct
Census, VS-direct
Cuba
2000-2005
VS-direct
Census, VS-direct
Ecuador
1995-2000

DS-direct
Census indirect
Census, VS-DDM
El Salvador
DS-direct
Census, VS-DDM
Guatemala
1995-2000

1990-1995
VS-direct
DS-direct
Census indirect
Census, VS-DDM
Haiti
2000-2005

DS-direct
Census indirect
Census DDM
Coale-Demeny model
Honduras
1985-1990

DS-direct
Census indirect
Census, VS-DDM
Mexico
1995-2000
Census indirect
Census, VS-DDM
Nicaragua
2000-2005

DS-direct
Census indirect
Census, VS-DDM
Coale-Demeny model
Panama
1995-2000

VS-direct
Census indirect
Census, VS-DDM
Paraguay
2000-2005

DS-direct
Census indirect
Census, VS-DDM
Peru
1995-2000

DS-direct
and indirect
Census, VS-DDM
Dominican Republic
1995-2000

DS-direct
VS
Census, VS-DDM
Uruguay
VS-direct
Census, VS-direct
VS-direct
DS-indirect
Census, VS-DDM
2000-2005
Venezuela (Bol. Rep. of)

1995-2000

Source: Technical report on population estimates and projections. 2006 Review, unpublished.
a VS
vital statistics; DS demographic surveys; DDM distribution of deaths method; Coale-Demeny model.
Ibd.
Coale and Demeny, Regional Model Life Tables and Stable Populations, second edition, Academic Press, 1983.
241
are obtained by linear interpolation between the various

observed tables. Using the series of probabilities of death
by sex and age obtained for each estimated life expectancy,
the corresponding life table is prepared. This was carried
Mortality
out using the mortality model of the computer program

for demographic projections (PRODEM) developed by
CELADE - Population Division of ECLAC.6
4. Mortality projections for 2005-2050

The mortality projection process is conducted in two
stages. The first involves projecting the mortality level
by sex (measured by life expectancy at birth) and the
second, projecting the mortality structure (measured
by probabilities of death by sex and age), which make
up the basis for the life tables implicit in the population
projections.
For projecting life expectancies at birth, the procedure
proposed by the Population Division of the United Nations
is used.7 The procedure is based on the assumption that
the increase in life expectancy at birth slows gradually
as mortality falls. Using data from a number of low- and
medium-mortality countries, the average increase by
five-year period of life expectancy by sex was calculated
according to the previous level and the rate of decrease
of mortality. Table 3 shows the values of the increase
calculated using the above procedure. In the case of the
Latin American countries an average rate of decrease in

mortality is used for the projection.
This projection is produced independently, by sex,
and once the life expectancy series projected by sex is
obtained for each five-year period in 2005-2050, sex
differentials are adjusted when necessary.
Once the calculations have produced a set of life
expectancy figures projected by sex for the period 20052050, figures are projected for probability of death by
sex and age, associated with the life expectancy figures
projected previously. The procedure used is similar to that
for the historical period, but in this case a life limit table
is needed with life expectancy at birth higher than that
projected for the last five-year period. The limit table used
corresponds to that prepared by CELADE - Population
Division of ECLAC and incorporated into the PRODEM
program which is presented in tables 4(a) and 4(b).8
Table 3
Increase in life expectancy at birth, by initial mortality level and the rate of decrease of mortality
According to United Nations Population Division criteria
e(0)
Rapid
Initial
55.0 - 57.5
57.5 - 60.0
60.0 - 62.5
62.5 - 65.0
65.0 - 67.5
67.5 - 70.0
70.0 - 72.5
72.5 - 75.0
75.0 - 77.5
77.5 - 80.0
80.0 - 82.5
82.5 - 85.0
85.0 - 87.5
Medium
Slow
Males
Females
Males
Females
Males
Females
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.3
2.0
1.5
1.2
1.0
0.8
0.5
0.5
-
-
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.3
2.0
1.5
1.2
1.0
0.8
0.5
0.5
2.5
2.5
2.3
2.0
1.5
1.2
1.0
0.8
0.5
0.4
0.4
-
-
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.3
2.0
1.5
1.2
1.0
0.8
0.5
0.4
0.4
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.8
0.5
0.3
0.3
0.3
-
-
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
1.5
1.2
1.0
0.8
0.5
0.3
0.3
0.3
Source: J.A. Grimblat, Metodologa para proyecciones de la mortalidad de la Divisin de Poblacin de las Naciones Unidas, Seminar on future trends in mortality, Santiago,
Chile, November 1995.
6
7
8
242
CELADE, PRODEM. Proyecciones demogrficas nacionales y subnacionales por microcomputador, versin 2.0, 1991.
Grimblat, Metodologa para proyecciones de la mortalidad de la Divisin de Poblacin de las Naciones Unidas, Seminar on future trends in
mortality, Santiago, Chile, November 1995.
For additional details, see Pujol, La metodologa utilizada por el CELADE para la proyeccin de la mortalidad, Seminar on future trends in
mortality, Santiago, Chile, November 1995.
Mortalidad
Table 4-A
Life limit table
Males
Age (x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
w
0.00090
0.00012
0.00010
0.00009
0.00014
0.00022
0.00036
0.00057
0.00091
0.00144
0.00227
0.00359
0.00566
0.00894
0.01414
0.02248
0.03606
0.10555
0.00090
0.00047
0.00048
0.00043
0.00071
0.00111
0.00180
0.00286
0.00453
0.00716
0.01130
0.01778
0.02791
0.04373
0.06830
0.10643
0.16537
1.00000
100 000
99 910
99 863
99 815
99 772
99 701
99 591
99 411
99 127
98 678
97 972
96 864
95 142
92 487
88 442
82 402
73 632
61 455
d(x,n)
90
47
48
43
71
111
179
284
449
707
1 107
1 722
2 655
4 044
6 041
8 770
12 176
61 455
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
99 919
0.99891 a
399 538
0.99948 b
499 195
0.99954
498 968
0.99943
498 684
0.99909
498 230
0.99855
497 505
0.99767
496 346
0.99631
494 513
0.99416
491 624
0.99078
487 090
0.98548
480 017
0.97720
469 072
0.96429
452 323
0.94426
427 110
0.91331
390 083
0.86576
337 717
0.63289 c
582 227
T(x)
e(x)
8 100 161
8 000 242
7 600 704
7 101 509
6 602 541
6 103 857
5 605 627
5 108 122
4 611 776
4 117 263
3 625 639
3 138 549
2 658 532
2 189 460
1 737 137
1 310 027
919 944
582 227
81.00
80.07
76.11
71.15
66.18
61.22
56.29
51.38
46.52
41.72
37.01
32.40
27.94
23.67
19.64
15.90
12.49
9.47
T(x)
e(x)
8 800 186
8 700 240
8 3005 36
7 801 011
7 301 576
6 802 245
6 303 085
5 804 199
5 305 747
4 807 975
4 311 274
3 816 248
3 323 844
2 835 542
2 353 668
1 881 928
1 426 313
996 712
88.00
87.05
83.08
78.09
73.10
68.12
63.15
58.19
53.25
48.34
43.46
38.63
33.86
29.18
24.62
20.21
16.00
12.05
Source: CELADE - Population Division of ECLAC.

a
b
c
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,w) = T(80) / T(75).
Table 4-B
Life limit table
Females
Age (x)
m(x,n)
q(x,n)
l(x)
0
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
1
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
w
0.00060
0.00006
0.00004
0.00003
0.00005
0.00008
0.00014
0.00021
0.00033
0.00053
0.00083
0.00130
0.00205
0.00326
0.00526
0.00871
0.01499
0.08297
0.00060
0.00025
0.00020
0.00016
0.00026
0.00042
0.00068
0.00106
0.00167
0.00263
0.00412
0.00648
0.01019
0.01617
0.02597
0.04261
0.07223
1.00000
100 000
99 940
99 915
99 895
99 879
99 853
99 811
99 743
99 638
99 471
99 210
98 801
98 161
97 160
95 589
93 107
89 139
82 701
d(x,n)
60
25
20
16
26
42
68
106
166
262
409
640
1 000
1 571
2482
3 967
6 439
82 701
L(x,n)
P(x,x+5)
99 946
0.99930 a
399 704
0.99975 b
499 525
0.99982
499 435
0.99979
499 330
0.99966
499 161
0.99945
498 886
0.99913
498 452
0.99864
497 772
0.99785
496 702
0.99663
495 026
0.99470
492 403
0.99167
488 302
0.98684
481 874
0.97897
471 740
0.96582
455 616
0.94290
429 601
0.69880 c
996 712
Source: CELADE - Population Division of ECLAC.

a
b
c
P(b,5) = [L(0,1) + L(1,4)] / [5*l(0)].

P(0-4) = L(5,5) / [L(0,1) + L(1,4)].
P(75,w) = T(80) / T(75).
243
Mortality
5. Functions of the life table

There follows a brief description of each function of the
life table and its calculation procedure based on mortality
rates by age.
Number of deaths d(x,n)

This is the number of individuals who die between reaching
age x and reaching age x+n.
Mortality rate by age, m(x, n)

This is the ratio of deaths occurring between the exact
ages x and x+n (d(x, n)) and the corresponding stationary
population at those same ages.
This is the starting point for preparing the life table.
In the observed tables, rates are calculated on the basis of
observed deaths D(x, x+n)) and the average population
for the period considered N(x, n)).

d(x,n)
m(x,n) =

L(x,n)
d(x,n) = l (x) * q(x,n)
Time lived between ages x and x+n, L(x,n)

This is the number of years lived between exact ages x and
x+n by those surviving out of an initial group of 100,000
live births, which is used as the basis of the table. It also
represents the stationary population with ages falling
between exact ages x and x+n.

x+n

L(x,n) = (a)da

x
Probability of death, q(x,n)

This is the probability that a person of the exact age x
will die before reaching the age of x+n.

d(x,n)
q(x,n) =

l(x)
Calculation of the time lived:

For x = 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4
L(x,n) = f(x) * l(x) + (1 - f(x) * l(x+1)
Calculation of q(x,n) from m(x,n), according to the

relationship proposed by Reed and Merrell.9
Where f(x) is the separation factor of deaths
For x 5
q(x,n) = 1 - l [-n*m(x,n)-0,008n *m(x,n) ]
Infant mortality rate, q(0,1)

This is the probability of a live-born infant dying before
reaching the age of one. In practice, it is defined as the
ratio of deaths of infants under one year of age, occurring
within a given period, to the number of births occurring
in the same period.
Survival to age x, l(x)
This is the number of individuals who survive to exact age
x, according to the life table, out of a group of 100,000
live births used as the basis of the table.
l(x) - d(x,n) = l (x + n)

d(x,n)
l(x) + l(x+n)
L(x,n) =
or L(x,n) =
*n

2
m(x,n)

In the particular case of the final open-ended group
( and over)

d(+) l()

L(+) =
=
m(+) m(+)
Generally, mortality rates in the final open-ended
group are affected the most by errors in the basic data.
For this reason, the final open-ended group is calculated
using empirical ratios; in the case of the tables in this
publication, the following equation was used:
L(80+) = 4.424 * l(80) + 0.0000674 * l(80)2

9
244
See Ortega, Tablas de mortalidad, CELADE, San Jos, Costa Rica, 1987.
Time lived since age x, T(x)

This is the total number of years remaining to be lived
for surviving individuals of exact age x.

Life expectancy at age x, e(x)

This is the average number of years which, on average,
remains to be lived by surviving individuals of exact
age x.

T(x) = l(a)da

x
In practice, it is calculated as the sum of the time
lived from age x to .

-1
a=x
Mortalidad
T(x) = L(a)

T(x)
e(x) =

l(x)
Survival ratio between x and x+n, P(x,x+n)
This is the probability for the components of the stationary
population with ages falling between exact ages x and
x+n to survive for a certain number of years.

L(x + n,n)
nP(x,x + n) =

L(x,n)
6. Notes and data sources by country

Generally, estimates and projections of the total population
by sex and age group for each of the 20 countries of Latin
America for the period 1950-2050 were prepared jointly
with national institutions.
Argentina
Population estimates and projections were formulated
jointly with the National Institute of Statistics and
Censuses (INDEC) and corroborated in 2006 by CELADE
- Population Division of ECLAC, on the basis of new
information sources.
Data sources used:
Vital statistics for 1950-2004
Population censuses of 1947, 1960, 1970, 1980,
1991 and 2001
Investigation of International Migration in
Latin America (IMILA), database of CELADE
- Population Division of ECLAC.
Bolivia
Population estimates and projections correspond to those
published in Bolivia: estimaciones y proyecciones de
poblacin, 1950-2050, OI series, No. 202, La Paz, National
Institute of Statistics (INE) / CELADE - Population
Division of ECLAC / United Nations Population Fund
(UNFPA). The figures were corroborated in 2006 by
CELADE - Population Division of ECLAC, on the basis

of new information sources.
Data sources used:
Population censuses of 1950, 1976, 1992 and
2001
National demographic surveys between 1975
and 1980
National population and housing survey of
1988
National demographic and health surveys of
1989, 1994, 1998 and 2003
Brazil
Population estimates and projections were prepared
in March 2003 by CELADE - Population Division of
ECLAC, in consultation with the Brazilian Geographical
and Statistical Institute (IBGE), on the basis of information
provided by IBGE. The figures were corroborated in 2006
by CELADE - Population Division of ECLAC, on the
basis of new information sources.
Data sources used:
1991 and 2000
245
Population count of 1996

Pesquisa nacional por amostra de domiclio
(national household sample survey), 1972, 1973,
1976, 1977, 1978, 1984, 1986 and 1996
Pesquisa nacional sobre sade materno-infantil
e planejamento familiar (national survey of
mother and child health and family planning),
1986.
Chile
published in Chile: estimaciones y proyecciones de la
poblacin. 1950-2050, OI series No. 208, Santiago,
Chile, National Statistical Institute / CELADE - Population
Division of ECLAC. The figures were corroborated in
2006 by CELADE - Population Division of ECLAC, on
the basis of new information sources.
Data sources used:
1992 and 2002
Colombia
Population estimates and projections of a preliminary nature
were produced in 1998 by the National Administrative
Department of Statistics (DANE) and the National Planning
Department (DNP), in collaboration with CELADE
- Population Division of ECLAC. The figures were
reviewed in 2006 by CELADE - Population Division of
ECLAC on the basis of new information sources; changes
were introduced in the figures for mortality, fertility and
migration.
Data sources used:
1993 and preliminary results from the population
census of 2005
Fertility survey of 1976
National household surveys of 1978 and 1980
1986, 1990, 1995, 2000 and 2005
246
Mortality
Costa Rica
Total population estimates and projections for 19702010 were prepared in 2002 by the National Institute of
Statistics and Censuses (INEC) and the Central American
Population Centre (CCP) in collaboration with CELADE
- Population Division of ECLAC. CELADE - Population
Division of ECLAC extended the projections to 2050 in
line with the projection criteria established by the United
Nations Population Division. The figures were corroborated
in 2006 by CELADE - Population Division of ECLAC,
on the basis of new information sources.
Data sources used:
Population censuses of 1950, 1963, 1973, 1984
and 2000
National fertility survey of 1976
Contraceptive prevalence surveys between 1978
and 1981
National fertility and health survey of 1986
Cuba
Population estimates and projections were prepared by
CELADE - Population Division of ECLAC in December
2005, in consultation with the National Statistical
Office.
Data sources used:
2002
Population count of 2003
Ecuador
published in Ecuador: estimaciones y proyecciones
de poblacin, 1950-2025, OI series, No. 205, Quito,
National Institute of Statistics and Censuses (INEC)
/ CELADE - Population Division of ECLAC / InterAmerican Development Bank (IDB). CELADE - Population
Division of made slight adjustments to bring figures
into line with criteria established by the United Nations
Population Division. The figures were corroborated in
2006 by CELADE - Population Division of ECLAC, on
the basis of new information sources.
Data sources used:

1990 and 2001
National survey of mother and child health and
demographic variables of 1982
National demographic and family health survey
of 1987
National demographic and mother and child
health surveys of 1994, 1999 and 2004
El Salvador
Population estimates and projections were prepared in
December 1996 by the Department of Statistics and
Censuses (DIGESTYC), in collaboration with CELADE
- Population Division of ECLAC. CELADE - Population
Division of ECLAC made slight adjustments to the fertility
rates to bring them into line with criteria established by
the United Nations Population Division. The figures were
corroborated in 2006 by CELADE - Population Division
of ECLAC, on the basis of new information sources.
Data sources used:
1992
National family health surveys of 1985, 1988,
1993, 1998 and 2002-2003
Multi-purpose household survey of 19921993.
Guatemala
published in Guatemala: estimaciones y proyecciones
nacionales de poblacin, 1950-2050, OI series, No. 207,
Guatemala, National Institute of Statistics / CELADE Population Division of ECLAC (in press). The figures were
corroborated in 2006 by CELADE - Population Division
of ECLAC, on the basis of new information sources.
Data sources used:
1994 and 2002
Mortalidad

National demographic surveys of 1987 and
1989
National mother and child health surveys of
1987, 1995, 1998-1999 and 2002
Haiti
Population estimates and projections were prepared jointly
in 2006 by CELADE - Population Division of ECLAC
and the Haitian Institute of Statistics and Information
Sciences (IHSI).
2003
National contraceptive prevalence survey of
1983
Survey of mortality, morbidity and health-service
use of 1987, 1994-1995, 2000 y 2005-2006
Honduras
1992 by CELADE - Population Division of ECLAC. In
the same year, CELADE - Population Division of ECLAC
made slight adjustments to the fertility rates to bring them
into line with criteria established by the United Nations
Population Division. The figures were reviewed in 2006
by CELADE - Population Division of ECLAC, on the
basis of new information sources.
Data sources used:
and 2001
National retrospective demographic survey of
1972
National demographic survey of 1983
National mother and child health survey of
1984
National epidemiological and family health
surveys of 1987, 1991 and 1996
247
Mexico
December 2004 by CELADE - Population Division of
ECLAC, in consultation with the National Population
Council (CONAPO), and revised in 2006 by CELADE
- Population Division of ECLAC on the basis of new
information sources.
Data sources used:
1990 and 2000
Population counts of 1995 and 2005
1979
National fertility and health survey of 1987
National demographic growth surveys of 1992
and 1997
Nicaragua
Provisional population estimates and projections were
prepared jointly in June 2007 by the National Institute of
Statistics and Censuses (INEC), CELADE - Population
Division of ECLAC and the United Nations Population
Fund (UNFPA).
Data sources used:
and 2005
1978
National sociodemographic survey of 19851986.
Family health survey of 1992-1993
1998, 2001 and 2006
Panama
Population estimates and projections were prepared by the
Department of Statistics and Censuses in collaboration
with CELADE - Population Division of ECLAC and
are published in Situacin demogrfica: Estimaciones
y proyecciones de la poblacin total del pas, por sexo
y edad: 1950-2050, Bulletin No. 7, OI series, No. 203,
248
Mortality
Panama City, Department of Statistics and Censuses,

October 2002. The figures were corroborated in 2006 by
CELADE - Population Division of ECLAC, on the basis
of new information sources.
Data sources used:
1990 and 2000
National demographic survey of 1975-1976
National fertility survey of 1975-1976
1976-1977
Paraguay
December 2005, jointly with the Department of Statistics,
Surveys and Censuses.
Data sources used:
1992 and 2002
National demographic survey of 1977
National demographic and health survey of
1990
National demographic and reproductive health
survey of 1995-1996
National demographic and sexual and reproductive
health survey of 2004
Peru
2006 by CELADE - Population Division of ECLAC.
Data sources used:
and 2005
National demographic survey of 1974-1976
1976
National demographic and family health surveys
of 1986, 1991-1992, 1996, 2000 and 2005
Mortalidad
Dominican Republic
Preliminary population estimates and projections were

prepared by the National Statistical Office (ONE) in
collaboration with CELADE - Population Division of
ECLAC.
Data sources used:
1993 and 2002
1983
1986, 1991, 1996 and 2002
Uruguay
2006 by CELADE - Population Division of ECLAC.
Data sources used:

and 2004 (phase I)
Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

The population estimates and projections correspond to
those published in La Repblica Bolivariana de Venezuela:
estimaciones y proyecciones de poblacin. 1950-2050,
OI series No. 209, Caracas, National Institute of Statistics
(INE) / CELADE - Population Division of ECLAC (in
press). The figures were revised in 2006 by CELADE
- Population Division of ECLAC, on the basis of new
information sources, and minor adjustments were made
in mortality estimation.
Data sources used:
1990 and 2001
249
Mortalidad
Definicin de algunos indicadores demogrficos/

Definitions of some demographic indicators
Tasa bruta de natalidad

Es el cociente entre el promedio anual de nacimientos
ocurridos durante un perodo determinado y la poblacin
media del perodo.
Crude birth rate

The crude birth rate is defined as the ratio of the mean
annual number of births over a given period of time to
the mean population of the same period.
Tasa global de fecundidad

Es el nmero de hijos que en promedio tendra una mujer
de una cohorte hipottica de mujeres que durante su
vida frtil tuvieran sus hijos de acuerdo con las tasas de
fecundidad por edad del perodo en estudio y no estuvieran
sometidas a riesgos de mortalidad desde el nacimiento
hasta la finalizacin del perodo frtil.
Total fertility rate

The total fertility rate measures the average number of
children who would be born to a woman belonging to
a hypothetical cohort of females whose reproductive
performance over their entire reproductive period was
in accordance with the age fertility rates for the years in
question; it is further supposed that the women have not
been exposed to mortality risks from the time of birth up
until the end of their reproductive period.
Tasa bruta de mortalidad

Es el cociente entre el promedio anual de defunciones
ocurridas durante un perodo determinado y la poblacin
media de ese perodo.
Gross mortality rate

The gross mortality rate is the ratio between the annual
average number of deaths during a determined period and
the mean population during the same period.
Esperanza de vida al nacer

Representa la duracin media de la vida de los individuos
que integran una cohorte hipottica de nacimientos,
sometidos en todas las edades a los riesgos de mortalidad
del perodo en estudio.
Life expectancy at birth

Life expectancy at birth represents the mean length of life
of individuals from a hypothetical cohort of births whose
members have been subject since birth to the mortality
levels of the period in question.
Tasa de mortalidad infantil

Es la probabilidad que tiene un recin nacido de morir
antes de cumplir un ao de vida. En la prctica, se define
como el cociente entre las defunciones y los nacimientos
de los nios menores de un ao ocurridos en un perodo
determinado.
Infant mortality rate

This rate measures the probability that a new-born child
will die before completing one year of life. In practical, it
is defined as the number of deaths of children under one
year of age occurring over a given period of time divided
by the number of births over that same period.
251
Mortality
Crecimiento total anual

Es el incremento medio anual total de una poblacin, vale
decir, el nmero de nacimientos menos el de defunciones,
ms el de inmigrantes y menos el de emigrantes, durante
un determinado perodo.
Total annual growth

This rate measures the total mean annual growth of a
population, i.e., births minus deaths plus immigrants
minus emigrants, during a given period of time.
Tasa de crecimiento total

Es el cociente entre el incremento medio anual total
durante un perodo determinado y la poblacin media
del mismo perodo. Puede definirse tambin como la
suma algebraica de la tasa de crecimiento natural y la
tasa de migracin.
Total growth rate

This rate is the ratio of the total mean annual growth of
a population during a given period of time to the mean
population of this same period. It can also be defined
as the algebraic sum of the natural growth rate and the
migration rate.
Saldo neto migratorio anual (o saldo migratorio

anual)
Representa el componente migratorio del crecimiento
total de una poblacin. La magnitud de este saldo se mide
por la diferencia media anual entre los inmigrantes y los
emigrantes de una poblacin.
Annual net migration (or annual balance of

migration)
This indicator is defined as the contribution of migration
to overall population growth; the volume of net migration
is measured as the mean annual difference between
immigration and emigration.
Tasa de migracin
Es el cociente entre el saldo neto migratorio anual
correspondiente a un perodo determinado y la poblacin
media del mismo perodo.
Migration rate
This is the ratio of the annual balance of migration
during a given period to the average population during
that period.
Relacin de dependencia
Es el cociente entre la suma de los grupos de poblacin de
menos de 15 y de ms de 64 aos de edad y la poblacin
de 15 a 64 aos de edad.
Dependency ratio
This is the ratio of young (children aged under 15) and
the elderly (adults over 64 years of age) to the adult
population (persons 15-64 years of age).
252
Mortalidad
Publicaciones de la CEPAL / ECLAC publications
253

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Ao / Year II

No 4 Octubre / October 2007

La presente publicacin fue preparada por Guiomar Bay con la

This publication was prepared by Guiomar Bay in collaboration with

Para cualquier consulta sobre el contenido de este Boletn dirigirse a:/

Diseo de portada / Cover design: Pablo Bretn

Publicacin de las Naciones Unidas / United Nations Publication

CEPAL Amrica Latina y el Caribe. Observatorio demogrfico N 4

La mortalidad en Amrica Latina: una trayectoria auspiciosa pero heterognea . . . . . . . . . . . .

Poblacin total de la regin, por pases y territorios./ Total population

ECLAC Latin America and the Caribbean. Demographic Observatory No. 4

Amrica Latina: defunciones anuales, por quinquenios y pases./ Latin America:

Metodologa de las estimaciones y proyecciones de la mortalidad por sexo y edad. . . . . . . . .

Definicin de algunos indicadores demogrficos/ Definitions of some

Publicaciones de la CEPAL / ECLAC publications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

CEPAL Amrica Latina y el Caribe. Observatorio demogrfico N 4

ECLAC Latin America and the Caribbean. Demographic Observatory No. 4

CEPAL Amrica Latina y el Caribe. Observatorio demogrfico N 4

ECLAC Latin America and the Caribbean. Demographic Observatory No. 4

CEPAL Amrica Latina y el Caribe. Observatorio demogrfico N 4

La mortalidad en Amrica Latina: una trayectoria

perodo de 100 aos (que comprende un perodo histrico

ECLAC Latin America and the Caribbean. Demographic Observatory No. 4

las defunciones por causas y grupos de edad. En particular,

frecuentes en los adultos. La transicin epidemiolgica,

I. Niveles, tendencias y metas respecto de la mortalidad general en

La duracin media de la vida de 72 aos lograda en

Al igual que ocurri en los pases desarrollados hace

Fuente: Naciones Unidas, World Population Prospects. 2006 Revision. y

CEPAL Amrica Latina y el Caribe. Observatorio demogrfico N 4

Pas y nivel de mortalidada

Meta: e(0) = 70c

Meta: e(0) = 75c

de mortalidad sobre la base de la esperanza de vida al nacer en el ao 2005.

En el cuadro 1 se observa la heterogeneidad que existe

Cabe destacar el salto de los pases de Centroamrica

ECLAC Latin America and the Caribbean. Demographic Observatory No. 4

(CEPAL, 2005) se muestran evidencias claras de la

ms avanzadas, como por el crecimiento acelerado de la

La mortalidad general por sexo

CEPAL Amrica Latina y el Caribe. Observatorio demogrfico N 4

un quiebre definitivo de la tendencia creciente de la ventaja

Fuente: Centro Latinoamericano y Caribeo de Demografa (CELADE) Divisin

II. La mortalidad en la infancia

Tasas por 1 000

Fuente: Centro Latinoamericano y Caribeo de Demografa (CELADE) Divisin

Si bien las reducciones fueron importantes, como

ECLAC Latin America and the Caribbean. Demographic Observatory No. 4

Las estimaciones para los pases de mortalidad

Riesgo relativo de mortalidad

estudios que documentan las brechas en el acceso a la

1980- 1985- 1990- 1995- 20001985 1990 1995 2000 2005

Fuente: Centro Latinoamericano y Caribeo de Demografa (CELADE) Divisin

CEPAL Amrica Latina y el Caribe. Observatorio demogrfico N 4

Probabilidad de morir antes de los 5 aos

Pas y nivel de mortalidada

de mortalidad sobre la base de la esperanza de vida al nacer para el ao 2005.

El comportamiento del riesgo relativo indica que

los que ms ha cambiado el riesgo relativo de morir en

ECLAC Latin America and the Caribbean. Demographic Observatory No. 4

expectativa de vida muy superior a la de los recin nacidos.

que han reducido en forma importante la mortalidad ya

III. Mortalidad por sexo y edades