Defining fluid properties

In this tutorial, youll use a heat exchanger specification sheet to specify the fluid properties for a shell-and-tube exchanger. Youll also learn how to specify fluid properties for all Xchanger Suite cases. Tutorial Tips Red outlines around an input field indicate information required before you can run a case. As you work through this tutorial, you may want more information about an input field. Place your cursor in any input field and press F1 to see the online help for the field. Youll refer to line numbers of the data sheet as you move through the input panels and enter data in Xist. Click the links below to view/print the topics containing the data sheet pages. Refer to the hard copy when necessary. Page 1 Page 2 A Fluid Property Flow Chart serves as a guide for entering fluid physical properties and heat release data in the most effective way. Click this link to view/print the topic containing the flow chart. Refer to the hard copy when necessary.

Time required: less than 30 minutes Start the tutorial Loading an Xist case Youll begin with an existing Xist case for a TEMA NEN shell with single-segmental baffles. 1. From the File menu, select Open Case. The default location for data files is C:\HTRI\XchangerSuiten\Samples (where n is the version number of Xchanger Suite). You may have to navigate to this directory to open the tutorial file if you save your data files in another location. 1. Select PropertyTutorial.htri from the listed data files. 2. Click Open. Setting Units In the Change units drop-down list box, select US. Clicking the unit description that follows an input field sets units for that field only. Previous Next Hot Fluid Properties Panel 1. Click in the navigation tree.

2. In Fluid name, enter Steam/Air.

The Hot Fluid Properties Panel lets you select the method you want to use to specify the fluid properties. Referring to the fluid property flow chart and specification sheet you printed earlier, answer the following questions to determine the best way to enter these physical properties. Previous Next Fluid Property Flow Chart 1. Are grid properties available? A grid consists of fluid property and heat release data over a range of at least three reference temperatures and at least one reference pressure. In this case, grid properties are not available. 2. Is the fluid single- or two-phase? Refer to Lines 15 19 on Page 1 of the specification sheet. The fluid for this case is twophase. 3. Are heat release data provided? A heat release curve is not provided for the hot fluid in this case. 4. Are the fluid(s) listed in the HTRI databank? To determine if fluids are listed in the HTRI databank, change the Physical Property Input to the left Option to Component by component. Then click the , and then click . Scan the listed items for air of and water (refer to Line 2 on Page 2 of the specification sheet). For this case, the fluids are listed in the HTRI databank. The flow chart leads you to specify the case as component-by-component with a programcalculated heat release curve. In general, this method is best for cases that involve a single condensing component with inertsit allows the program to calculate a heat release curve that properly accounts for the inerts. Youll next finish selecting options on the Hot Fluid Properties Panel. Click Previous Next Physical Property Input Option Be sure that the Physical Property Input Option is set to Component by component. Previous Next Heat Release Input Method Set the Heat Release Input Method to Program calculated. Previous Next Composition Units Refer to Line 2 on Page 2 of the specification sheet. Because the composition of the hot stream is given in terms of weight fraction, set Composition Units to Mass. Previous Next Flash Type .

For this case, set the Flash Type to Integral (the default). An integral flash assumes that the liquid and vapor portions of the fluid are mixed and are in thermal and chemical equilibrium. A differential flash assumes that the two phases are separated. Using an integral flash is preferred in most cases. Xist Help provides guidance for using a differential flash. Previous Next Components Sub-Panel 1. Click in the navigation tree under Hot Fluid Properties. .

2. Select Water(IAPWS 1997) from the HTRI fluid databank, and click 3. Select Air from the HTRI fluid databank, and click The HTRI databank uses ideal mixing rules when two or more components are specified. .

typically is not accurate for fluids under vacuum conditions or near the critical point. is searchable. Enter part of the name in the Find Component field, and click and to find the components that match.

Previous Next Phase In this case, water is condensing, and air acts as the inert. 1. Set the Phase for Water to Mixed (the default). 2. Set the Phase for Air to Vapor (the default). Previous Next Quantity Refer to Line 2 on Page 2 of the specification sheet. 1. Enter 99.5 for the quantity of water. 2. Enter 0.5 for the quantity of air. Youre ready to enter the cold fluid properties. Previous Next Cold Fluid Properties Panel 1. Click in the navigation tree.

2. In Fluid name, enter Hydrocarbon. Again, the Cold Fluid Properties Panel lets you select the method you want to use to specify the fluid properties. Referring to the fluid property flow chart and specification sheet you printed

earlier, answer the following questions to determine the best way to enter these physical properties. Previous Next Fluid Property Flow Chart 1. Are grid properties available? In this case, only heat release data are given via a grid. 2. Is the fluid single- or two-phase? Refer to Lines 15 19 on Page 1 of the specification sheet. The fluid for this case is twophase. 3. Are heat release data provided? A heat release curve specified at the inlet pressure is provided for the cold fluid in this case. The flow chart leads you to specify the case as component-by-component with a user-specified heat release curve. Youll next finish selecting options on the Cold Fluid Properties Panel. Previous Next Physical Property Input Option Set the Physical Property Input Option to Component by component. Previous Next Heat Release Input Method Set the Heat Release Input Method to User specified (the default). Previous Next Composition Units Because you will not enter the composition of this fluid, leave the Composition Units set to Moles (the default value). Previous Next Flash Type Set the Flash Type to Integral (the default). Previous Next Boiling Range and Number of boiling components The boiling range is the difference between the dew and bubble points at the inlet pressure. Xist uses the value to calculate the mixture correction factor for the boiling heat transfer coefficient. Xchanger Suite uses the number of boiling components to adjust the correction factor for the nucleate boiling coefficient. For more information about these fields, search the Help files.

This case does not provide the boiling range value or the number of boiling components, so you will leave these fields empty. Xist will calculate the boiling range based on the heat release curve. Previous Next T & P Sub-Panel 1. Click the 2. Click to the left of . .

3. Refer to Page 2 of the specification sheet, and enter the temperature data for Profile 1. Temperature 1 = 339 Temperature 2 = 345.6 Temperature 3 = 349.4 Temperature 4 = 349.8 Temperature 5 = 350.7 Temperature 6 = 351.7 Temperature 7 = 353.7 Temperature 8 = 355.7 Temperature 9 = 357.8 Temperature 10 = 358.9

To enter user-defined heat release or mixture properties via the grid, you must have at least one reference pressure and at least three temperature points. For two-phase cases, we recommend that at least two temperature points fall within the two-phase region. Additionally, the pressure temperature ranges should cover the operating range of the exchanger. Three or more reference pressures are also suggested for vacuum cases. To model the subcooled region of thermosiphon reboilers, you should have at least three reference pressures (column pressure, exchanger inlet pressure, and intermediate pressures). Previous Next Heat Release Sub-Panel 1. Click in the navigation tree.

This sub-panel includes three tabbed pages, one for each pressure profile. 2. For Pressure Profile 1, enter the Enthalpy and Weight Fraction Vapor data from Page 2 of the specification sheet.

Previous Next Components Sub-Panel 1. Click in the navigation tree. .

2. Select <USER DEFINED> from the HTRI fluid databank list, and click Previous Next User Name 1. Double-click in the User Name field. 2. Enter Hydrocarbon. Previous Next Phase Because the cold fluid in this case is boiling, set the Phase to Mixed (the default). Previous Next Quantity For Quantity, enter 1. Previous Next Constants 1. Click the 2. Click the 3. Click to the left of to the left of . in the navigation tree. .

4. Refer to Line 60 on Page 1 of the specification sheet: Enter 456.7 psia for the Critical Pressure. Enter 632.9 F for the Critical Temperature.

Previous Next Vapor Properties 1. Click in the navigation tree.

2. Refer to Lines 20 26 on Page 1 of the specification sheet, and enter the physical property data. Youll use the outlet temperature as the reference for the property data.

Previous Next Liquid Properties 1. Click in the navigation tree.

2. Refer to Lines 20 26 on Page 1 of the specification sheet, and enter the physical property data. Youll use both the inlet and outlet temperatures as references for the property data.

Previous Next Final Check Check the .

If the light is red, look for red boxes outlining items in the panel list. Click the items and check the boxes on the panels themselves. If any box is outlined in red, review the data sheet for the missing information, enter it on the panel, and check the button again. to run the case. A dialog box details Xist's progress. If the light is green, click When Xist has finished running the case, the software opens the Output Summary report.

Previous Next Congratulations! Youve entered all the fluid properties needed for this case. For more information about using Xchanger Suite, see the Help files.