| 42 4831 (BASED ON THE REQUIREMENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF TEHRAN) prepared by Salmani Nodooshan.

TESTING Alderson, J. C., et al (1995). Language Test Construction and Evaluation. Bachman, L. F. (1990). Fundamental considerations in language testing. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Bachman, L. F., & Palmer, A. S. (1996). Language testing in practice. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Baker, D. (1989) Language Testing: A Critical Survey and Practical Guide. Brennan, R. L. (1992). Elements of Generalizability theory. New York: American College Testing. Clapham, C. (1996). The Development of IELTS: a study of the effect of background knowledge on reading comprehension. Genesee, F. & Upshur, J. (1996). Classroom Evaluation in Second Language Education. Cambridge. Gipps, C. V. (1994). Beyond testing: Towards a theory of educational assessment. London: The Falmer Press. Farhady, H., Jafarpur, A., & Birjandi, P. (2000). Testing language skills: From theory to practice (8th ed.). Tehran: SAMT. Hambleton, R. K., Swaminathan, H., & Rogers, H. J. (1991). Fundamentals of item response theory. London: Sage Publications. Heaton, J. B. (1988). Writing English language tests. London: Longman Group UK Limited. Henning, G. (1987). A Guide to Language Testing: Development, Evaluation, Research. Hughes, A. (2003). Testing for language teachers (2nd ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Kunnan, A. J. (Ed.). (1998). Validation in language assessment: Selected papers from the 17th Language Testing Research Colloquium, Long Beach. London: LEA. Linn, L. R. (Ed.) (1989). Educational measurement (3rd ed.). London: Collier Macmillan Publishers. Madsen, H. S. (1983). Techniques in testing. Oxford: Oxford University Press. McNamara, T. (1996). Measuring second language performance. London: Addison Wesley Longman Limited.

McNamara, T. (2000). Language testing. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Shavelson, R. J., & Webb, N. M. (1991). Generalizability theory: A primer. London: Sage Publications. Weir, C. J. (1988). Communicative language testing. Prentice Hall. Weir, C. J., & Roberts, J. (1994). Evaluation in ELT.

LANGUAGE TEACHING METHODOLOGY Bialystock, E. (1990). Communication strategies: A psychological analysis of second language use. New York: T. J. Press Ltd. Brown, G., Malmkjr, K., & Williams, J. (1996). Performance and competence in second language acquisition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Candlin, C., & Mercer, N. (Eds.). (2001). English language teaching in its social context. London: Routledge. Ellis, R. (1990). Instructed second language acquisition. London: Basil Blackwell. Lefrancois, G. R. (1991). Psychology for teaching. (7th ed). Wadsworth Publishing Company. McLaughlin, B. (1987). Theories of second language learning. New York: Edward Arnold. Mitchell, R., & Myles, F. (1998). Second language learning theories. New York: Edward Arnold. Nunan, D. (1992). Collaborative language learning and teaching. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. O'Malley, J. M., & Chamot, A. U. (1990). Learning strategies in second language acquisition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Richards, J. C., & Renandya, W. A. (2002). Methodology in language teaching: An anthology of current practice. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Rossner, R., & Bolitho, R. (1990). Currents of change in language teaching. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Sharwood Smith, M. (1993). Second language learning. London: Longman Group UK Limited. Stern, H. H. (1983). Fundamental concepts of language teaching. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Widdowson, H. G. (1990). Aspects of language teaching. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Williams, M., & Bolitho, R. (1997). Psychology for language teachers: Constructivist approach. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

RESEARCH American Psychological Association. (1994). Publication manual of the American Psychological Association. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. Birjandi, P., Alavi, S. M., & Salmani-Nodoushan, M. A. (2004). Advanced writing. Tehran: Zabankadeh Publications. Bryman, A., & Cramer, D. (1999). Quantitative data analysis with SPSS Release 8 for Windows: A guide for social scientists. London: Routledge. Farhady, H. (1997). Research methods in applied linguistics. Tehran: Payame Noor University Press. Heyes, S., Hardy, M., Humphreys, P., & Rooks, P. (1996). Starting statistics in psychology and education: A student handbook. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Handouts to be provided by the instructor. Farhady, H., & Hatch, E. (1981). Research design and statistics for applied linguistics. Rowley, Mass.: Newbury House Publishers. (Reprinted in Iran by Rahnama Publications) Howell, David C. (1995). Fundamental statistics for the behavioral sciences. Belmont, California: International Thomson Publishing. Pallant, J. (2001). SPSS survival manual: A step by step guide to data analysis using SPSS for Windows (Version 10). Buckingham: Open University Press. Maxwell, J. A. (1996). Qualitative research design: An interactive approach. London: SAGE Publications. Van Dalen, D. B. (1973). Understanding educational research: An introduction (3rd ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company.

THEORETICAL LINGUISTICS Falk, J. S. (1978) Linguistics and language: A survey of basic concepts and implications. Michigan: Michigan State University Press. Fromkin, V., & Rodman, R. (1988). An introduction to language. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, Inc. Lyons, J. (1968). Introduction to theoretical linguistics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Radford, A. (1997). Syntax: A minimalist approach. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Yule, G. (1996). The study of language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

APPLIED LINGUISTICS Cook, G. 2003. Applied linguistics. Oxford. Davis, A. 1999. An introduction to applied linguistics. United Kingdom: Edinburgh University Press. Dulay, H., Burt, M., & Krashen, S. (1982). Language two. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Ellis, R. (1983). Understanding second language acquisition. Oxford: Oxford University Press. McCarthy, M. 2001. Issues in applied linguistics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. McDonough, S. 2002. Applied linguistics in education. New York: Edward Arnold.

CONTRASTIVE/ERROR ANALYSIS Yarmohammadi, L. (2002). A contrastive analysis of Persian and English: Grammar, vocabulary and phonology. Tehran: Payame Noor University Press. Corder, S. P. (1981). Error analysis and interlanguage. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Fisiak, J. (1981). Contrastive linguistics and the language teacher. Oxford: Pergamon Press Ltd. James, C. (1980). Contrastive analysis. London: Longman Group UK Limited.

PHONOLOGY AND PHONETICS Clark, J., & Yallop, C. (1990). An introduction to phonetics & phonology. London: Basil Blackwell. Katamba, F. (1988). An introduction to phonology. London: Longman Group UK Ltd. Ladefoged, P. (1982). A course in phonetics. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Publishers. Lieberman, P. (1977). Speech physiology and acoustic phonetics. New York: Macmillan. Lass, R. (1984). Phonology: An introduction to basic concepts. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. O'Conner, J. D. (1973). Phonetics. London: Penguin Books.

Salmani-Nodoushan, M. A., & Birjandi, P. (2004). A course in phonology. Tehran: Zabankadeh Publications. Yarmohammadi, L. (2002). A contrastive analysis of Persian and English: Grammar, vocabulary and phonology. Tehran: Payame Noor University Press.

SOCIOLINGUISTICS Paulston, C. B., & Tucker, G. R. (eds.). (2003). Sociolinguistics: The essential readings. Cambridge, MA.: Basil Blackwell. Schiffrin, D. (1994). Approaches to Discourse. Oxford: Blackwell. Baik, M. J., & Shim, R. J. (1997). English education in Korea: A tool for teaching civic virtues? Studies in the linguistic sciences, 27 (2), 11-23. Bell, R. T. (1976). Sociolinguistics: Goals, approaches, and problems. New York: St Martin's Press. (Pages 14 to 31: Problems and principles of variety study) Chaika, (????). Language: The social mirror. (Chapters 2, 3, & 4) Coupland, N., & Jaworski, A. (1997). Sociolinguistics: A reader and Coursebook. London: Macmillan Press Ltd. Fairclough, N. (2000). Discourse, social theory, and social research: the discourse of welfare reform. Journal of sociolinguistics, 4 (2), 163-195. Giglioli, P. P. (1972). Language and social context. Harmondsworth, Middx: Penguin. (Chapter 1: Introduction) Hudson, R. A. (1980). Sociolinguistics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Hymes, D. (1964). Toward ethnographies of communication: The analysis of communicative events. American anthropologist, 66 (2), 21-43. McLaughlin, B. (1987). Theories of second language learning. London: Edward Arnold. (Chapter 5 only) Preston, D. R. (1989). Sociolinguistics and second language acquisition. Cambridge, MA.: Basil Blackwell. Spolsky, B., & Cooper, R. (1977). Frontiers of bilingual education. Rowley, Mass: Newbury House Publishers. (Pages 1 to 21: The establishment of language education policy in multilingual societies). Wardhaugh, R. (1986). An introduction to sociolinguistics. Cambridge, MA.: Basil Blackwell. Wolfson, N. (1989). Perspectives: Sociolinguistics and TESOL. New York: Newbury House Publishers.

PSYCHOLINGUISTICS Garman, M. (1990). Psycholinguistics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Slobin, D. I. (1979). Psycholinguistics. London: Scott, Foresman and Company. Steinberg, D. D. (1982). Psycholinguistics: Language, mind and world. London: Longman Group UK Limited.

PRAGMATICS AND DISCOURSE ANALYSIS Brown, G., & Yule, G. (1983). Discourse analysis. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Leech, G. (1983). The principles of pragmatics. London: Longman Group UK Limited. Levinson, S. C. (1983). Pragmatics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Yule, G. (2000). Pragmatics. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Ishaaq Akbarian University of Qom