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SEPTEMBER 2011
VRFPresentationContents
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. WhatisVariableRefrigerantFlow? WhydoweuseVRFsystem? HowdoesVRFwork? VRFIndoor/OutdoorUnitsCapacityControl BenefitsofVRFCapacityControl DifferentVRFSystems DesignAroundDiversity ComparingVRFto ConventionalSystems
WhatisVariableRefrigerantFlow?
TheVariableSpeedTechnologyhasadvanced dramaticallyoverthepastyears. VAV:VariableAirVolume(Airhandlers) VFD:VariableFrequencyDrive(Pumps&Fans) VRF:VariableRefrigerantFlow VRV:VariableRefrigerantVolume
WhatisVariableRefrigerantFlow?
ASHRAE Journal April 2007
The term Variable Refrigerant Flow refers to the capability of a HVAC system to control the amount of refrigerant flowing to each of the indoor units/evaporators, enabling the use of multiple evaporators of differing capacities and configurations, individualized comfort control, simultaneous heating and cooling in different zones with heat recovery from one zone to another
Multiple indoor Units Individual control of indoor units Indoor unit capacity control
WhydoweuseVRFSystems?
DecentralizedSystem ZoneComfort Efficiency Payforwhatyouuse Flexible Simpletodesign Easytoinstallandcommission Goodvalue
HowdoesVRFwork?
Outdoor unit
Refrigeration Piping
Indoor Units
Control wiring
Controllers
HowdoesVRFwork?
Reversing Valve Outdoor Unit
Indoor Units
Inverter Inverter
100%CoolingDemand
Outdoor Unit Indoor units at 100% cooling demand
Indoor Units
Inverter Inverter
50%CoolingDemand
Outdoor Unit Indoor units at 50% cooling demand
Indoor Units
Inverter Inverter
IndoorUnitCapacityControl
Indoorunits individually controlled byLEV LEVhas2functions
Controlthesuperheat across indoorunit evaporator Acts assolenoid valvetostoprefrigerant flowto indoorunits that areoff
SmartIndoorCoilDesign
Ifsuperheatishigh thevalvewillopen
IfSuperheatislow thevalvewillclose
OutdoorUnitCapacityControl
Compressorspeediscontrolledby aVFDbasedoncommon saturatedsuctiontemperature andcapacityrequired Refrigerantvolumeflowisdirectly proportionaltothecompressor speed Powerinputisdirectly proportionaltothecubeofthe compressorspeed
Outdoor unit
4.) Compressor speed high
Outdoor unit
7.) Compressor speed lower
VRFcontrolcomparedto conventionalsystems
ComfortableandEfficient Operationineachzone
ZONE Air Conditioning to meet individual requirement!! < Only 1 room >
DifferentVRFSystems
2PipeSystemcoolingonly 2PipeSystemheatpumpcoolingorheating 3PipeSystemsimultaneouscoolingand heating 2PipeSystemsimultaneouscoolingand heating aircooled 2PipeSystemsimultaneouscoolingand heating waterandgeothermalapplication
2PipeSystemcoolingonly
2PipeSystemcoolingorheating
2PipeSystemusingbranchjoints
2PipeSystemusingbranchheader
3Pipesimultaneouscoolandheat
Branch selector
2Pipesimultaneouscoolandheat Aircooled
Efficencyofsimultaneous heat/cool
Indoor units 100%
Cooling
100%
Heating
100%
Heat recovery
R2
BCBox
Cooling
100% 100%
Heating
< 50%
HeatRecovery 2Pipesystem
2Pipesimultaneouscoolandheat Watersourceorgeothermalloop
2Pipeheatrecovery Watersourceorgeothermalloop
2PipeVS3Pipe simultaneouscoolandheat
DIVERSITY
1. Time of Day 2. Heating & Cooling 3. Occupancy
TimeofDay
N
TimeofDay
N
5 Tons Afternoon
5 Tons Morning
TimeofDay
5 Tons
3 Tons
3 Tons
5 Tons
Afternoon
Morning
Heating &Cooling
Typical Winter Loads
Heat
Heating &Cooling
Typical Winter Loads
Heat
$ $
BOILER & PUMPS Heat
Heating &Cooling
Typical Winter Loads
Heat
With
VRF Systems
Occupancy
Work Room 2 Tons Cubicle Area 2 6 Tons
DIVERSITY
1. Time of Day
VRF System can efficiently distribute cooling capacity to keep up with changing solar loads
3. Occupancy
As people move throughout a building, VRF System can move energy around to maintain comfort levels within setpoint
10,000ft2 OfficeApplication
10,000ft2 OfficeApplication
ComparingVRFto ConventionalSystem
TotalSystemisstoppedduringnighttime Ifonepersonisworkingovertime,thecomplete systemmustoperate UnevenlyAirConditionedspace PossibilityofWaterPipeCorrosion MaintainWaterQuality LotsofPiping&Wiring LotsofSpaceRequiredforMachines TimeConsumingDesign
VRFSYSTEM
WaterCooledPackagedA/C
WaterCooledChiller&AHU
AirCooledChiller&FanCoilUnits
WaterChiller&AHU
OperationandComfort
OperationandComfort
ManagementandArchitecture
InitialCost
OperatingCost FullLoad
OperatingCost PartLoad
BenefitsofVRF
ForProperty Owners
Canbe adapted tomeet various applicationsin buildingsduetomultiplestyleandcapacity indoorunits Creates Added Valuetothebuildingdueto:
Comfort Levels (Space temperature controlled individually Operation only required inzonesused Powerconsumption can be reduced byupto30%
BenefitsofVRF
ForConsultants/Contractors /Installer
Easy todesign NoZoningconsiderations with heat recovery Shortdesignperiod compared Easy toinstall Noneed forexpensive controls Easy tomaintain Allsystemcomponentssupplied byonevendor
BenefitsofVRF
ForUsers
Canbe operated tosuitindividual needs Exacttemperature controlforeach office/zone Comfortable working space improves productivity.
QUESTIONS?