SDH Network Planning

Presented by: Ren Hailan

Content

Introduction of SDH network planning SDH network architecture Topology of SDH network Self-healing ring planning SDH networking application SDH networking evolution

Principles of network planning

Requirement and Application
Customer demand on network reliability and availability; Customer demand for broadband and new services;

Advancement and Maturity

Risk taking for employing new technology; Financial justification on selecting a suitable technology;

Principles of network planning

Ability of upgrade
Interface that can accept old system. capable to meet the future demand ; compatible to the existing network and future network(open standard);

Easy to maintain
CAPEX&OPEX Training cost for operation staff to adapt to new technology; Running cost for OA&M
4

Principles of network planning

Network Evaluation
Cost efficiency; Network robustness; Manageability; Flexibility; Compatibility;

Selection of transmission technologies

Backbone network
DWDM

Metro network
DWDM (various types of interface, low capacity, small coverage area, high survivability, ring topology) CWDM SDH A suitable choice MSTP
7

Definition of SDH
SDH (Synchronous Digital Hierarchy) An international standard for tele-communication network A synchronous digital transport system aimed at providing a more simple, economical, and flexible telecommunications network infrastructure A technologies about integrated information network that has combined the function of multiplexing/transmission/cross-connection
8

Advantages of SDH
International standard NNI specifications Based on direct synchronous multiplexing and flexible mapping Provide abundant built-in signal capacity for network Operation,Administration and Maintenance(OAM)
Function of transparent transmission for information payload Function of interconnect network equipment from different vendors Backward and forward compatibility

NNI (Network Node Interface)

NNI
TR TR SM SM LINE DXC LINE SM TR

NNI

NNI

NNI
SM TR

TR

SM

SM

TR

10

Importance of SDH planning

SDH technology makes possible the transports of broad range of services. SDH is an important technologies to construct the telecom transport network. SDH offers a large transmission capacity, which calls for networks able to survive serious failures in cable facilities and at equipment sites.

11

Importance of SDH planning

With its diverse network architectures, NE capabilities, and integrated planning requirements, SDH completes the overall planning. SDH brings new challenges in network architecture interconnection and interworking. How to utilize different architectures to meet diverse demands in an efficient manner is a key issue in survivable SDH network design.
12

SDH network survivability design

Network survivability can be obtained by introducing: Redundancy inside NEs (e.g. spare modules)to increase their reliability; Spare resources (new links/capacity)to allow traffic rerouting; Network management system to handle traffic rerouting and to optimize the utilization of spare resources.
13

Network Survivability Design

When designing a highly available network,many aspects must be considered The required survivability directly affects the applications and services to be supported over the network. A key criterion is the networks restoration speed. A network carrying voice traffic must definitely recover from any network failure within a matter of ms. A network only carrying Internet traffic may restore within only a second or less.

14

Network Survivability Design

It is important to realize that fast restoration mostly requires a high amount of spare capacity for protection purposes. Additional wavelengths or TDM channels must be reserved in order to be available for rerouting of failed traffic. Several restoration and protection mechanisms are available. Each mechanism has its specific advantages and disadvantages,but apart from that,the used mechanism must provide enough flexibility to adapt to changing network requirements.
15

Comparison of survivable networks

Parameter Linear topology Self Healing R Mesh network Parameter Linear topology Self Healing R Mesh network Spare capacity Spare capacity more moderate less moderate less more needed needed Restored time Restored time fast fast fast fast slow slow

Network scale Point-to-point District network Global network Network scale Point-to-point District network Global network Costs of nodes Costs of nodes Fibers needed Fibers needed Flexibility Flexibility moderate moderate More More Low Low Low Low Less Less Moderate Moderate High High Moderate Moderate High High

16

Content

Introduction of SDH network planning SDH network architecture Topology of SDH network Self-healing ring planning SDH networking application SDH networking evolution

17

Layering and Partitioning

Layering: A transport network can be decomposed into a number of independent transport layer networks with a client/server association between adjacent layer networks. Partitioning: Each layer network can be separately partitioned in a way which reflects the internal structure of that layer network .

18

Layering and Partitioning

Specific circuit Specific circuit layer network layer network Specific path Specific path layer network layer network Transmission media Transmission media layer network layer network

Sub-networks Links

A layer networks

Layering Concept

Partitioning Concept
19

Layering and Partitioning

Link Connection

Adaption Termination Trail

Network Connection

20

Layering and Partitioning

Partitioning
Reduce the management range

CPN

Access

Core

Access

CPN

21

Layering and Partitioning

Layering Concept: Transport layer networks
Transport network
Circuit layer Circuit layer networks networks

An example
64kb/s based 64kb/s based circuit switched circuit switched network network Packet Packet switched switched network network Leased line Leased line circuit circuit network network

Path layer Path layer networks networks Transmission Transmission media layer media layer networks networks

SDH VC-1n path network SDH VC-1n path network SDH VC-3 path network SDH VC-3 path network
Optical Optical transmission transmission network network Radio Radio transmission transmission network network

22

Layering and Partitioning

Transport layer networks It is classified broadly into three classes: circuit layer network, path layer network and transmission media layer network The association between any two adjacent layers is a client/sever association Each layer is independent to each other Each layer has its own operations and maintenance capability
23

Layering and Partitioning

Transport layer networks Circuit layer networks:
Circuit layer network provides users with telecommunications services such as circuit switched services, packet switched services and leased line services. Different circuit layer network can be identified according to the services provided. Circuit layer network is independent of path layer network
24

Layering and Partitioning

Transport layer networks Path layer networks
Path layer network is used to support different types of circuit layer networks. In the case of SDH, there are two path layer networks: the lower-order path layer network and the higher-order path layer network. The management control of the connectivity in path layer networks is a key feature of SDH networks. Path layer network is independent of transmission media layer network.
25

Layering and Partitioning

Transport layer networks Transmission media layer network
Transmission media layer network is dependent on the transmission media such as fiber and radio. Transmission media layer network can be divided into section layer networks and physical media layer networks. In case of SDH, there are two section layer networks: a multiplex section layer network and a regenerator section layer network.

26

Layering and Partitioning

Layering Concept: SDH transport layer networks
PDH or ATM IP layer network

Circuit layer
VC-3 Lower order path layer Higher order path layer

VC-11

VC-12

VC-2

Path layer

VC-3

VC-4

Multiplex section Regenerator section Physical media layer

Section layer

Transmission media layer

27

Content

Introduction of SDH network planning SDH network architecture Topology of SDH network Self-healing ring planning SDH networking application SDH networking evolution

28

Topology of SDH Network

Its very important to design the physical transport network layout. Mesh ,ring and star are the most common arrangements to meet various degrees of the traffic demand ,expected traffic growth and traffic distribution. Sometimes in a large system ,a combination of these three types is used to form one or more layers of a hierarchical network.
29

Linear or Chain Structure

using TM and ADM The simplest architecture of an SDH network is the point to point and linear networks where SDH line terminal equipment and multiplexers are commonly used.

30

Star Structure
Hubbing nodes can be used to interconnect multiple topologies ,including multiple rings for traffic grooming . Both ADM and DXC equipment are commonly applied at hub sites,but DXC hubbing is more flexible for it provides rapid provisioning and bandwidth management.
31

Tree Structure
Multiplexers are replaced with DXC in point to point system,the architecture becomes more like a hubbing architecture .

32

Self-healing Ring Structure

Ring topology is very important for SDH networks. Two complete jointed path between any two nodes; Self-healing recovery mechanisms.
33

Mesh Structure
An ideal meshed network is defined as networks that have direct connections among all nodes. Meshed networks usually use DXC as the network node elements . Such networks have a self-healing capability. Meshed configuration is commonly adopted in backbone ,national or regional trunk networks.

34

Advantages of meshed network

Better flexibility ; Ability to handle multiple failures including node and link failures; Minimum spare capacity associated with protection; Maximized flexibility for rapid reconfiguration; Economical for large demand and high connectivity network.

35

Content

Introduction of SDH network planning SDH network architecture Topology of SDH network Self-healing ring planning SDH networking application SDH networking evolution

36

Traffic Demand Pattern

Uniform traffic pattern Such as inter-provincial network traffic distribution.

37

Traffic Demand Pattern

Neighboring traffic pattern All traffic destined for adjacent nodes only. Some inter city network traffic distribution is similar to this pattern.
38

Traffic Demand Model

Center traffic pattern All traffic destined for one node . Access network traffic pattern is usual like this.

39

Traffic Demand Model and Ring Capacity

STM-N unidirectional path switched ring
the most capacity is STM-N at any case

Two-fiber MS shared protection ring

Center traffic pattern:STM-N Neighboring traffic pattern:K/2(STM-N)K-node number Uniform traffic pattern: k-odd number k-even number
2k ( STM N ) k +1
2(k 1) ( STM N ) K

Four-fiber MS shared protection ring ring

capacity is double of that of the two-fiber MS ring
40

SDH Network Routing

SONET/SDH rings are basic elements in most survivable network architectures. Designing and operating a single ring is simple. However, the design of the multiple interconnected rings in a transport network is a very complex undertaking. Network planners must consider many possible designs with numerous degrees of freedom existing in each alternative. Furthermore, as competition between service providers intensifies, network planners are under increasing pressure to reduce planning cycle times and minimize capital costs.
41

Ring Network with Chains

42

Intersectant Rings

43

Tangential Rings

44

Mixed network

45

SDH Network Routing

Length of the ring is less than 1200kmNodes of ring is between 3 and 10 Principle: try to get a traffic balance
46

Traffic Balance for BLSR 2F/4F

When planning the network capacity, one important issue is the consideration of traffic balance . Its special in BLSR/2F and BLSR/4F rings ,because the capacity of the ring is determined by the highest demand among node pairs in the ring.The bi-directional ring allows traffic to be split and routed in different directions on the ring.
47

Content

Introduction of SDH network planning SDH network architecture Topology of SDH network Self-healing ring planning SDH networking application SDH networking evolution

48

SDH Network Structure

49

SDH Network Structure

SDH Meshed Core

SDH Metro Rings SDH Metro Rings

SDH Access Rings

SDH Access Rings

Client traffic mapped into PDH/SDH

50

Network solution of fiberhome

Internet

N-SW
DEMS2.0

Leased line traffic

ATM- SW DVB Video business center

VOD

GF9953-01 GF2488-01A DWDM(4-32xSTM-N) GF2488-01A

GF2488-01A GF9953-01

STM-4

STM-16 GF2488-01A

SEMS2.0

GF622-06 Wireless Digital expand frequency 80km

LAN
WRDS
V5P-02
GF155-03 IBAS system STM-1

WRDS

LANE1

SAU

AN03D-R
IBAS system

AN03D - C
AN03D-R
ODN Ethernet PON TDMA 16 30 km

STM1/4
MANS2.0
1

AN03W-C
DSCDMA 20~50km

GF155-03B/C

STB

LAN-E1

AN03W-R

PC Phone

Payphone 30B+D 2/4W VIF 64Kb/s 2B+D E/M interface

TV N64Kb/s
magnet interface RS232/485

PC
AN03W-R

AN03DR

51

Hierarchical network of china telcom

4/4 4/4 1/4 1/4 ADM ADM ADM SW 4/1 1/4 1/4 ADM 4/4 ADM ADM ADM ADM ADM Layer3 inter-city network ADM layer2 intraprovincial network 4/4 layer1 interprovincial network

SW

SW

ADM ADM

ADM TM

ADM

TM TM

TM Layer4 local networks

52

The backbone of the China telecom

Since 1999inter-provincial backbone are starting the deployment of DWDM system. DWDM products manufacturers are:lucentNEC AlcatelNortelfiberhome huawei etc. G.655 fiber is adopted 10Gb/s system The problem exists in china telecom SDH transport network
Network management in a Multi-vender environment Problems in network protection and restoration.

53

ADM-16 33km 35km ADM-16 35km ADM-16 26km ADM-16 36km E C

LAN
ADM-16 37km ADM-16 39km ADM-16 19km ADM-16 21km ADM-16 52km

ADM-16 55km

ADM-16 21km ADM-16 21km ADM-16 46km 32km E ADM-16 36km

ADM-16 26km

SDH

SDH

ADM-16 40km

ADM-16 14km SFC ADM-16 36km ADM-16 ADM-16 ADM-16 ADM-16 12km 22km ADM-16 ADM-16 25km 37km 41km ADM-16 55km E ADM-16 98km 36km SFCADM-16 83km ADM-16 61km 50km ADM-16 CE ADM-16 27km 36km ADM-16 52km ADM-16 ADM-16 ADM-16 4km 4km SFC ADM-16 ADM-16

ADM-16 4km ADM-16 10km ADM-16 SFC 10km ADM-16 ADM-1610km S ADM-16 14km 10km 26km ADM-16 ADM-16 ADM-16 10km 10km ADM-16 ADM-16 10km 10km

ADM-4

C 24km

ADM-16

SDH

SDH

ADM-16 SFC 20km

10km ADM-16 ADM-16

10km 10km ADM-16

ADM-16

ADM-16 ADM-16 10km 10km ADM-16 10kmADM-16 SFC S 10km ADM-16 10km ADM-16 10km ADM-16 10km ADM-16 10km

ADM-4

39km

S E

10km

54km

ADM-16 C 96km

ADM-16 52km EC 57km ADM-16 ADM-16 62km

SDH
77km ADM-16

ADM-16 ADM-16 ADM-16 SFC 10km E 59km 37km ADM-16 S ADM-16 ADM-16C 2km 51km 18km 3km TM-1

SDH

ADM-16 10km

ADM-16 10km

REG-16

ADM-16 ADM-16 16km 23km ADM-16 E ADM-16

SDH

ADM-16 10km

ADM-16

49km

54

MAN

R3

2.5G

R9

R4

622M1

R5

1 R

R8

622M2 TS 3

R6

R2

R7

55

Examples of network topology adopted by some countries

Administration Myanmar Bhutan Mongolia India SDH network capacity
STM-1/4 STM-1/4 STM-1/4 Central network STM-4/16 2/4 fiber BLSR ring Local network STM-1UPSR ring

56

Content

Introduction of SDH network planning SDH network architecture Topology of SDH network Self-healing ring planning SDH networking application SDH networking evolution

57

Development trend of network

data voice Circuit switch net Circuit switch net voice Packet net Packet net data Packet net Packet net ATM ATM Circuit switch net Circuit switch net

Last network
data

Current network
Transport network Transport network

voice video

Future network
58

The development trend of SDH

Circuit exchange network would continue to develop in five years SDH as a leading edge technology is still evolving The future optical core network needs more SDH access equipment; SDH is still the most survivable network technology at present.

59

The development trend of SDH

10Gb/s SDH system has been matured.There are more and more TMs and ADMs have been used. Some manufacturers laboratories have developed 40Gb/s equipment The transmission experiments of 160Gb/s ETDM and 640Gb/s OTDM have been developed successfully. Sub-STM-0 system has been standardized, SDH product is being used in access network .
60

The development trend of SDH

Changing Network Requirements
Traditional times Point-to-Point Transmission

Modern times Telecommunication network Customer needs supported by Faster provisioning of circuits and services Computer-based integrated network management and maintenance
61

supported by Manual approach to network management and maintenance

SDH Future
SDH MSTP ASTN/ASON
(DWDM OTN ASTN/ASON)

Core network Convergence network Edge network

62