Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
134.
135.
7. Roof slab thickness is determined using the empirical rule below, with a minimum value of 10cm. Slab Thickness = Shortest Span / 40 8. The roof slab is designed for the weight of the slab structure plus a local access loading of 2 200kg/m (the weight of three people). Loading = (Slab Weight + (200kg/m x Area)) Slab Area 9. In a simply supported slab resting on four walls, the bending moment is greatest at the center of the slab. The maximum bending moment has been calculated using.. Maximum BM = (Loading x Span ) / 8 10. The required reinforcement to resist the maximum bending moment has been calculated assuming mild steel grade I ribbed bars with a 2 max imum tensile strength of 1650kg/cm . The total area of reinforcement required for one meters length of wall has been calculated by.. Total Area = Maximum Bending Moment 2 (1650 kg/cm x Lever Arm) Where the lever arm can be found by the empirical rule Lever Arm = 7/8 x Concrete Slab Thickness 11. Roof reinforcement sizes have been selected on the basis of providing the smallest diameter practicable. Load spreading is provided by the lateral reinforcement members, which have the same area and spacing as the longitudinal reinforcement. 12. Internal plastering consists of three layers using sikalite waterproofing compound (where available) Layer #1: 6mm 1:4 Splatterdash Layer #2: 10mm 1:3 rough finish Layer #3: 10mm 1:2 smooth float 2.0 BILL OF QUANTITIES Item 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 Description Local Material Gravel Cement Sand Bricks or Dressed Stone Crushed Rock Foundation Planks (3.0m x 0.2m) Sikalite Compound m m m m
3 2 2
Unit
Qty
Where the lever arm can be found by the empirical rule Lever Arm = 7/8 x Concrete Wall Thickness 6. Base slab reinforcement sizes have been selected on the basis of providing the smallest diameter practicable. Load spreading is provided by the lateral reinforcement members, which have the same area and spacing as the longitudinal reinforcement.
sack
3 3 3
pc kg
131.
Ironwork Iron Reinforcement Bars 8mm x 12m Iron Reinforcement Bars 10mm x 12m Tying Wire 1mm Nails 6cm Steel Access Cover 50cm x 50cm Steel Internal Access Ladder Plumbing Float Valve 1 GI Pipe 1 x 6m GI Socket 1 GI Elbow 1 GI Gate Valve Small Filter Mesh Unit 1 TeflonTape pc pc pc pc pc pc roll 1 1 2 1 2 2 4 pc pc kg kg pc pc 8.5 16 8 8 1 1
Sand Gravel
= 0.71 m x 0.45 3 = 0.32 m 3 = 0.71 m x 0.9 3 = 0.64 m = (Slab Weight + (200kg/m x Area)) Slab Area = [(0.71 m x 2500 kg/m ) 3 2 2 + (200 kg/m x 7.1 m )] / 7.1 m 2 = 450 kg/m
3 3 2
Slab Loading
Therefore for a unit meter width of slab with a distributed loading of 450 kg/m, spanning 2.8 m .. Maximum BM = (Loading x Span ) / 8 2 = [450 kg/m x (3.0 m) ] / 8 = 506.3 kg.m = Maximum Bending Moment 2 (1650 kg/cm x Lever Arm)
2
= 7/8 x Concrete Slab Thickness = 7/8 x 10 cm = 8.75 cm = 506.3 kg.m / (1650 x 0.0875 m) 2 = 3.5 cm
3.0 JUSTIFYING CALCULATIONS Item Water Depth (m) Interior Width (m) Thickness of Hardcore (m) Width of Apron (m) Wall Thickness (m) Wall Height (m) Freeboard (m) Sludge Depth (m) Table 1: Dimension 1.40 m 2.20 m 0.30 m 0.20 m 0.40 m 1.70 m 0.20 m 0.10 m
Assume 8 mm reinforcement bars available with area 2 0.5 cm Bars per m Width = 3.5 cm / 0.5 cm = 7 bars
2 2
Rebar Spacing = 1 m / 7 bars = every 14 cm Assume that load spreading (longitudinal) reinforcement will also consist of 8mm reinforcement 2 bars spaced every 14 cm. A 1 m area of slab will require the following amount of reinforcement.. Reinforcing Bar = (7 x 1.0 m) x 2 2 = 14 m / m
Therefore for the entire roof slab we will require.. Reinforcing Bar = 14 m / m x [ x (3.0 m / 2) ] = 99 m (8.5 bars) = 99 m x 0.38 kg/m = 37.6 kg Tying Wire = 37.6 kg x 5% = 2 kg = [ x (3.0 m / 2) ] / (3.0 m x 0.2 m) = 12 planks
2 2 2
Hardcore
3.2 ROOF SLAB (Dosage 320 kg/m - 1:2:4) Slab Thickness = Shortest Span / 40 = 3.0 m / 40 = 0.07 m (minimum 0.10 m) Slab Concrete = [ x (3.0 m / 2) ] x 0.10 m 3 = 0.71 m 3 3 Cement = 0.71 m x 320 kg/m = 227 kg (4.5 bags)
2
Shuttering
132.
3.3 BRICK / STONE MASONRY WALLS Wall Volume = [( x 1.5 ) x 1.70 m] 2 - [( x 1.1 ) x 1.70 m] 3 = 5.6 m
3 2
Assume 10 mm reinforcement bars available with 2 area 0.79 cm Longit. Rebar (per m width) Longit. Rebar Spacing = 7.6 cm / 0.79 cm = 9.6 (10 bars) = 1 m / 10 bars = every 10 cm
2 2
Brick/Stone Vol = 5.6 m x 1.3 3 = 7.28 m Mortar Volume = 5.6 m x 0.23 3 = 1.3 m Cement (1:3) Vol of Sand = 1.3 m x 117kg = 152 kg 3 = 1.3 m x 0.243 3 = 0.32 m
3 3 3
Lat. Bar Area = Longitudinal Reinforcement Area 2 (per m length) = 7.6 cm Therefore lateral reinforcement will also consist of 10 x 10 mm reinforcement bars spaced every 10 cm. A 2 1 m area of slab will require the following amount of reinforcement.. Reinforcing Bar = (10 x 1.0 m) x 2 2 = 20 m / m Therefore for the entire floor slab we will require.. Reinforcing Bar = 20 m / m x [ x (3.4 m / 2) ] = 182 m (16 bars) = 182 m x 0.59 kg/m = 107 kg Tying Wire = 107 kg x 5% = 6 kg
2 2
3.4 BASE SLAB (Dosage 380 kg/m - 1:1.5:3) Slab Thickness = Shortest Span / 40 = 3.4 / 40 = 0.085 m (minimum 0.10 m) Slab Concrete = [ x (3.4 m / 2) ] x 0.10 m 3 = 0.9 m Cement Sand Gravel = 0.9 m x 380 kg/m = 342 kg (7 bags) 3 = 0.9 m x 0.42 3 = 0.38 m 3 = 0.9 m x 0.84 3 = 0.76 m
3 3 2
3.5 INTERNAL PLASTERING Plaster Area = [ x 1.1 ] + (2 x 1.1 x 1.7 m) 2 = 15.6 m = 15.6 m x 2.735 kg = 42.7 kg (6mm 1:4) 2 = 15.6m x 0.00766 3 = 0.12 m = 15.6 m x 7.34 kg = 114.5 kg (12mm 1:3) 2 = 15.6 m x 0.01541 3 = 0.24 m = 15.6 m x 9.79 kg = 152.7 kg (12mm 1:2) 2 = 15.6 m x 0.01371 3 = 0.21 m
2 2 2 2
Slab Loading
Where the total weight of the structure can be found by.. Total Weight = Floor + Roof + Walls + Water 3 3 3 = ((0.76 m + 0.71 m + 5.6 m ) 3 x 2,500 kg / m ) + 5,000 kg = 22,675 kg = 22,675 kg / 9.1 m 2 = 2,492 kg/m
2
Base Loading
Therefore, for a unit meter width of slab with a distributed loading of 2,292 kg/m, spanning 3.4 m .. Maximum BM = (Loading x Span ) / 24 2 = ((2,292 kg/m x (3.4 m) ) / 24 = 1,104 kg.m = Maximum Bending Moment (Max. Reinf. Tension x Lever Arm)
2
= 7/8 x Concrete Slab Thickness = 7/8 x 10 cm = 8.75 cm = 1,104 kg.m / (1650 x 0.0875 m) 2 = 7.6 cm
133.