UNIT 1 ASTRONOMY TEST- CH 1, 2, & 3

Matching

1) ____ azimuth 2) ____ altitude 3) ____ celestial equator 4) ____ right ascension 5) ____ longitude 6) ____ latitude 7) ____ declination 8) ____Zenith
Multiple Choice

A) location in space directly above the observer B) similar to latitude used to locate objects space C) imaginary line above the earths equator D) Degrees E or W of the Prime Meridian E) Degrees N or S of the equator F) similar to longitude used to locate objects space H) How many degrees above horizon I) How many degrees along the horizon

9. _ What is an Astronomical Unit? a. The average distance between the Sun and the Moon b. The average distance between the Sun and the Earth c. The average distance between the Earth and the Moon d. The average distance between the Foci on the ellipse
10. An optical telescope is an instrument that a. collects and focuses visible light for closer observation. b. collects and focuses invisible light for closer observation. c. collects visible light and breaks it apart. d. collects invisible light and breaks it apart. 11. The simplest optical telescope contains a. an objective lens and a mirror. b. two objective lenses. c. an obtuse lens and a lens in the eyepiece of the telescope. d. an objective lens and a smaller lens in the eyepiece of the telescope.

12. What was Ptolemys theory of the universe? a. The Earth was at the center of the universe, and the sun, moon, and other planets revolved around it. b. The sun was at the center of the universe, and the Earth and the other planets revolved around it. c. The sun and the moon revolved around the Earth, but the other planets revolved around the sun. d. The planets revolved around the sun in elliptical orbit.

13. How many degrees is equal to one hour of arc? a. 60 degrees b. 15 degrees c. 1 hour d. 90 degrees

14. What was Copernicuss theory of the universe? a. The Earth was at the center of the universe, and the sun, moon, and other planets revolved around it. b. The sun was at the center of the universe, and the Earth and the other planets revolved around it. c. The sun and moon revolved around Earth, but the other planets revolved around the sun. d. The planets revolved around the sun in elliptical orbits. 15. Which of the following affect the gravitational force between two objects? a. Mass and weight b. Weight and distance c. Distance and mass d. None of the above 16. What was Brahes theory of the universe? a. The Earth was at the center of the universe, and the sun, moon, and other planets revolved around it. b. The sun was at the center of the universe, and the Earth and the other planets revolved around it. c. The sun and moon revolved around Earth, but the other planets revolved around the sun. d. The planets revolved around the sun in elliptical orbits. 17. This phenomenon is seen when the atmosphere scatters or absorbs light of all wavelengths. a. Good seeing b. Reddening c. Extinction d. Absorption
Match the correct description with the correct term.

18. created a sun-centered theory of the universe 19. proved that Venus orbited the sun 20. showed that gravity keeps planets and moons in orbit 21. promoted an Earth-centered theory of the universe 22. showed that planets move in elliptical orbits

a. Kepler b. Galileo c. Copernicus e. Ptolemy f. Newton

Two types of optical telescopes are refracting telescopes and reflecting telescopes. In the space provided, write A if the phrase describes a refracting telescope, B if the phrase describes a reflecting telescope, and AB if the phrase describes both reflectors and refractors.

23. uses lenses to gather and focus light 24. uses mirrors to gather and focus light 25. used by most professional astronomers 26. cannot focus images perfectly 27. focuses all colors of light to the same focal point 28. distorts images if lens is too large 29. can use large mirrors to gather light 30. flaws in the glass dont affect the collected light
Short Answer

Write your answers in complete sentences. 31. Why do astronomers prefer using right ascension and declination? (1) 32. How does the Earths atmosphere affect the light gathered by telescopes on Earth? (1) 33. Why is a mountaintop a good place on Earth to put a telescope? (1) 34. Please label the diagram of the Newtonian reflector telescope. (3)

35. Please label the diagram of the Cassegrain reflector telescope. (3)

36. What is a radio telescope? (1)

37. In any order, identify Keplers three laws. (3) 38. In any order, identify Newtons three laws. (3) 39. Provide the four pieces of evidence used by Galileo to support a Heliocentric system. (4)