Hydraulic Glossary

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March 23, 2010 9:45:41 AM

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Basic Formulas Formula For: Fluid Pressure In Pounds/Square Inch Fluid Fow Rate In Gallons/Minute Fluid Power In Horsepower Horsepower = HP = Flow Rate = Q= Pressure = psi = Word Formula Letter Formula P= or

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Fluid Formulas Formula For: Velocity Through Piping In Feet/Second Velocity Velocity = V= Word Formula Letter Formula

Hydraulic Glossary

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Compressibility of Oil In Additional Required Oil To Reach Pressure

VA = Additional = * Approximately Volume 1/2 % per 100 psi

Compressibility of a Fluid

Compressibility = Specific =

C()=

Specific Gravity of a Fluid Gravity Valve Factor (Cv) = Valve (Cv) Flow Factor

SG =

Cv =

For Viscosities of 32 to 100 Saybolt Universal Seconds: Viscosity in Centistokes Centistokes = .2253 x SUS For Viscosities of 100 to 240 Saybolt Universal Seconds: Viscosity in Centistokes Centistokes = .2193 x SUS For Viscosities Greater Than 240 Saybolt Universal Seconds: Viscosity in Centistokes Centistokes = NOTE: Saybolt Universal Seconds is often abbreviated SSU.

CS = .2253 SUS CS = .2193 SUS -

CS =

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Pump Formulas Formula For: Pump Outlet Flow In Gallons/ Minute Pump Input Power In Horsepower Required Horsepower Input = or HPIN = Flow = Q= Word Formula Letter Formula

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Hydraulic Glossary

EffQV= Pump Efficiency Overall in Percent Overall Efficiency = X 100 EffQV = EffVOL x EffMECH Pump Efficiency Overall in Percent Pump Efficiency Mechanical in Percent B10 Hours of Bearing Life = Pump Life B10 Bearing Life x Rated Life Hours x x 100 x 100 Mechanical Efficiency = x 100 x 100 Volumetric Efficiency = EffVOL = x 100

Overall Efficiency = Volumetric Eff. x Mechanical Eff.

EffMEC =

B10 x x

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Cylinder Formulas Formula For: Area = Area = x Radius2 (Inches) x Diameter2 (Inches) Word Formula A = r2 A= or A = .785D2 Letter Formula

Cylinder Area In Square Inches

Cylinder Force In Pounds, Push or Pull

Force = Pressure (psi) x Net Area (Square Inches)

F = psi x A or F = PA

Cylinder Velocity or Speed n Feet/Second Velocity =

V= V=

or

Cylinder Volume Capacity In Gallons of Fluid

Velocity = Velocity =

V= V= Stroke / = Length of

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Hydraulic Glossary

Cylinder Flow Rate In Gallons Per Minute Flow Rate = Q= or Q = 3.117vA

T= Torque = Fluid Motor Torque In Inch Pounds Torque = Torque = T= T= T= Fluid Motor Torque/100 psi In Inch Pounds Fluid Motor Speed In Revolutions/Minute Fluid Motor Power In Horsepower Output Horsepower = HP = Speed = n= Torque/100 psi = T=

or

or

T100psi =

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Thermal Formulas Formula For: Heat (BTU/HR) = Reservoir Cooling Capacity Based on Adequate Air Circulation 2 x Temperature Difference Between Reservoir Walls And Air (F) x Area of Reservoir (Sq.Ft.) Heat (BTU/HR) = Flow Rate (GPM) x 210 x Temperature Difference (F) Heat(BTU/HR) = Flow Rate (GPM) x 500 x Temperature Difference (F) BTU/HR = Q x 210 x T BTU/HR = Q x 500 x T BTU/Hr = 2.0 x T x A Word Formula Letter Formula

Heat in Hydraulic Oil (approx.) Due to System Inefficiency(SG=.89-.92)

Heat in Fresh Water (approx.)

Note: One British Thermal Unit (BTU) is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one pound of water one degree. Once Horsepower = 2545 BTU/HR.

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Accumulator Formulas
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Hydraulic Glossary

Formula For: Pressure or Volume w/ Constant "T" (Temperature) Pressure or Temperature w/ Constant "V" (Volume) Volume or Temeprature w/ Constant "P" (Pressure) Pressure or Volume w/temperature Change to Heat or Compression =

Word Formula

Letter Formula

Original Pressure x Original Volume = Final Pressure x Final Volume

P1 V1 = P2 V2 Isothermic

Original Pressure x Final Temperature = Final Pressure x Original Temperature

P1 T1 = P2 T2 Isochoric

Original Volume x Final Temperature = Final Volume x Original Temperature

V1 T1 = V2 T2 Isobaric

Original Pressure x Original Volumen = Final Pressure x Final Volumen = = =

Note: One British Thermal Unit (BTU) is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one pound of water one degree. Once Horsepower = 2545 BTU/HR.

[Basic] [Fluid] [Pump] [Cylinder] [Thermal] [Accumulator] [Volume & Capacity Equivalents] [Top of Page]
Volume & Capacity Equivalents Cubic Inches
Cu Inches Cu Feet Cu Yards Liters U.S. Gallons Imp. Gallons Lbs Water 1.0000 1,728.0000 46,656.0000 61.0234 231.0000 277.2740 27.6798

Cubic Feet Cubic Yards

.0005787 1.0000000 27.0000000 .0353145 .1336810 .1605490 .0160184 .00002143 .03703700 1.00000000 .00130800 .00495100 .00594290 .00059290

Volume & Capacity Equivalents Water at Max. Density 39.2F Liters U.S. Gallons Imperial Gallons 4C

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Hydraulic Glossary

Pounds of Water
Cu Inches Cu Feet Cu Yards Liters U.S. Gallons Imp. Gallons Lbs Water .016384 28.317000 764.560000 1.000000 3.785430 4.543740 .453592 .0043200 7.4805200 201.9740000 .2641700 1.0000000 1.2003200 .1198250 .0036065 6.2321000 168.2660000 .2200830 .8331110 1.0000000 .0998281 .0361275 62.4283000 1,685.5600000 2.2046200 8.3454500 10.0172000 1.0000000

Kilograms of Water
.0163872 28.3170000 764.5590000 1.0000000 3.7854300 4.5437300 .4535930

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