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NORTEL BTS CONFIGURATIONS AND LINK BUDGET PARAMETERS

Reference : Version : Date : Ext. ref. : Type : Product : Cat : Status : Author : Documentalist : Approved by :
PE/IRC/INF/0007 02.04/ EN 17/01/00 .... NT I A L. MOUSSAY A.M.Le Berre PLM RF Engineering M. Andrieux, B. Hadjadj, M. Caudron Y. Li
Quality manager : Abstract / Comments :

The purpose of this document is to describe the NORTEL Base Station configurations and the corresponding parameters for use in the Link Budgets.
Distribution lists : PF-Engineering/ MF-Engineering/ PLM/ TSS/ Product Marketing/ Nortel China/ Nortel Tawan/ Nortel Singapore/ Nortel UK/ Nortel Italy/ Nortel Germany/ Nortel US
This confidential document is the property of NORTEL MATRA CELLULAR and may not be copied or circulated without permission Ce document confidentiel est la proprit de NORTEL MATRA CELLULAR et ne peut tre reproduit ou communiqu sans autorisation
DOCUMENT AMENDMENTS VERSION 01.01/ EN 01.02/ EN 01.03/ EN 02.01/ EN 02.02/ EN 02.03/EN 02.04/EN DATE 19/06/96 09/07/96 02/10/96 16/06/97 09/09/98 26/10/98 17/01/00 COMMENTS Creation Updated after review with PLM Updated after review with PLM Updated after review with PLM Updated after review with PLM Updated after PLM review Updated after PLM review AUTHOR F.MIRAN M.LEBOZEC S.YOUN S.YOUN S.YOUN A.BARNARD J.M CORBEL P.ANTOINE J.M. CORBEL L. MOUSSAY
NORTEL BTS CONFIGURATIONS AND LINK BUDGET PARAMETERS PE/IRC/INF/0007 02.04/ EN
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PE
Reference : Version : Date :
PE/IRC/INF/0007 02.04/ EN 17/01/00
NORTEL BTS CONFIGURATIONS AND LINK BUDGET PARAMETERS
TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION

1.1. OBJECT 1.2. SCOPE & ASSUMPTIONS
4
4 4
2. RELATED DOCUMENTS
2.1. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS 2.2. REFERENCE DOCUMENTS
5
5 5
3. ABBREVIATIONS & DEFINITIONS

3.1. ABBREVIATIONS 3.2. DEFINITIONS
5
5 6
4. MOBILE SENSITIVITY AND POWER 5. E-CELL BTS

5.1. GSM 900 PRODUCT 5.2. GSM 1800 PRODUCT 5.3. GSM 1900 PRODUCT
7 7
7 8 8
6. DRX BASED PRODUCTS

6.1. GSM 900 PRODUCTS 6.1.1. OUTDOOR BTS S8000 6.1.2. INDOOR BTS S8000 6.1.3. OUTDOOR BTS S8002 6.1.4. MICRO-BTS S2000H 6.1.5. MICRO-BTS S2000L 6.2. GSM 1800 PRODUCTS 6.2.1. OUTDOOR BTS S8000 6.2.2. INDOOR BTS S8000 6.2.3. OUTDOOR BTS S8006 6.2.4. MICRO-BTS S2000H 6.2.5. MICRO-BTS S2000L 6.3. GSM 1900 PRODUCTS 6.3.1. OUTDOOR BTS S8000
9
9 9 9 10 10 11 12 12 12 14 14 14 15 15
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6.3.2. INDOOR BTS S8000 6.3.3. MICRO-BTS S2000H 6.3.4. MICRO-BTS S2000L
16 17 17
7. PICONODE PRODUCTS
7.1. GSM 900 PRODUCTS 7.1.1. CONFIGURATION 2W 7.1.2. CONFIGURATION 8W 7.2. GSM 1800 PRODUCTS 7.2.1. CONFIGURATION 2W 7.2.2. CONFIGURATION 8W
19
19 19 19 19 19 20
8. TRX BASED PRODUCTS

8.1. GSM 900 PRODUCTS 8.1.1. INDOOR BTS S4000 8.1.2. OUTDOOR BTS S4000 8.1.3. INDOOR/OUTDOOR MICRO-BTS S2000E 8.2. GSM 1800 PRODUCTS 8.2.1. INDOOR BTS S4000 8.2.2. OUTDOOR BTS S4000 8.2.3. INDOOR/OUTDOOR MICRO-BTS S2000E 8.3. GSM 1900 PRODUCTS 8.3.1. INDOOR BTS S4000 8.3.2. OUTDOOR BTS S4000 8.3.3. OUTDOOR BTS S4000 SMART 8.3.4. OUTDOOR MICRO-BTS S2000E
20
20 20 21 21 21 21 22 22 22 22 22 23 23
APPENDIX A: MORE ABOUT SENSITIVITY APPENDIX B: MORE ABOUT SPACE DIVERSITY GAINS APPENDIX C: CROSSPOLARISATION ANTENNA USE APPENDIX D: ON THE PROVISION OF -108/-110 OPTIONS FOR S8000 APPENDIX E: ON THE USE OF FACTORY TEST RESULTS IN RF ENGINEERING APPENDIX F: ON ENGINEERING WITH TYPICAL AND WORST CASE VALUES APPENDIX G: MORE ABOUT THE POWER
24 27 29 32 33 34 35
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1.
1.1.
INTRODUCTION
OBJECT
The purpose of this document is to describe all NORTEL Base Station equipment and parameters for use in the LINK BUDGET. For more information on the equipment, please refer to [R1].
1.2.
SCOPE & ASSUMPTIONS

The values and configuration given in this document are subject to frequent review as new products are introduced, and the latest version of the document should always be used. The figures given in this document have been collected from R&D and have then been subject to interpretation by PLM and RF Engineering. Main changes since last version of this document are: - DRX based BTS S2000L and S2000H output power and sensitivity have been adjusted. The coupling and cables losses of Indoor and Outdoor BTS S8000 have been adjusted. There is no change for TRX based products since these products are mature and it is considered inappropriate to change link-budget recommendations at this time. - new products have been added, e_cell and Piconode BTSs and also three DRX based products, BTS S8002, BTS S8006 and Indoor BTS S8000 with cavity combiner. The philosophy used in this document is to define values which represent error performance defined by the reference sensitivity criteria in GSM05.05. The document presents a standard series of link budget figures based on equipment performance. The scope specifically excludes engineering parameters such as target quality of coverage and penetration losses which are considered to vary on a contract to contract basis, but have a significant impact on the number of sites needed to deploy a given area.
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2.
2.1. 2.2.
RELATED DOCUMENTS
APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS REFERENCE DOCUMENTS
[R1] "BTS commonalities Engineering Information" ref: PE/IRC/APP/0027 [R2] "BTS catalog" ref: PE/BTS/DPL/0097 [R3] "Performances of NMCs Base Stations with Antenna Diversity", ref: PE/BTD/DD/1133 [R4] Product Specification of the S8000 Indoor BTS, ref: PE/BTS/DD/0913 [R5] Performance Handbook of NMCs Base Stations, ref: PE/BTS/DD/0897 [R6] "Crosspolarisation Antenna Performances", ref: PE/IRC/DD/0016 [R7] "Crosspolar antenna performances evaluation over a GSM 1800 network" ref. PE/IRC/DD/0019 [R8] " Circular polarised crosspolar antennas performances" ref. PE/IRC/DD/0018
3.
3.1.
ABBREVIATIONS & DEFINITIONS

ABBREVIATIONS
DL: Downlink H2D: 2-way hybrid coupling system with duplexor H4D: 4-way hybrid coupling system with duplexor TBC: To Be Confirmed TBD: To Be Determined UL : Uplink
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3.2.
DEFINITIONS
TRX Based products: also known as first Generation products DRX Based products: also known as second Generation products
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4.
MOBILE SENSITIVITY AND POWER

Considering GSM05.05 figures applicable from december 1998, the following sensitivity has to be taken into account: GSM 1800 mobile sensitivity : GSM 1900 mobile sensitivity : -102 dBm -102 dBm
Considering that GSM05.05 figures for other MS sensitivity are pessimistic because most of the mobiles have now better performances the following sensitivities are to be taken into account, unless customers advise to the contrary : GSM 900 mobile sensitivity : -104 dBm
Concerning mobile output power the figures to be used are the ones specified in the GSM05.05.
5.
5.1.
e-cell BTS
GSM 900 PRODUCTS
(without EDGE)
Typical output power: 32 dBm (1.6 W)
(coupling and cable losses included)
+1 / -2dB at antenna connector
Rx Sensitivity guaranteed at antenna connector (including duplexor and jumper to antenna losses): -104 dBm No Diversity
Integrated antenna figures: gain: Horizontal, 3 dB beamwidth: Vertical, 3dB beamwidth: Front to back ratio: Polarisation: 5dBi min 80 min 60 min -12dB Linear vertical
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5.2.
GSM 1800 PRODUCTS

(Without EDGE)
+1 / -2dB at antenna connector
Rx Sensitivity guaranteed at antenna connector (including duplexor and jumper to antenna losses): -104 dBm No diversity Integrated antenna figures: gain: Horizontal, 3 dB beamwidth: Vertical, 3dB beamwidth: Front to back ratio: Polarisation: 5dBi min 80 min 60 min -12dB Vertical
5.3.
GSM 1900 PRODUCTS

(Without EDGE)
+1 / -2 dB at antenna connector
Rx Sensitivity guaranteed at antenna connector (including duplexor and jumper to antenna losses): -104 dBm No Diversity Integrated antenna figures: gain: Horizontal, 3 dB beamwidth: Vertical, 3dB beamwidth: Front to back ratio: Polarisation: 5dBi min 80 min 60 min -12dB Linear vertical
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6.
6.1.
6.1.1.
DRX BASED PRODUCTS

Availability dates and cabinet configurations are referenced in document [R2].
GSM 900 PRODUCTS

OUTDOOR BTS S8000 Power amplifier: 44.8 dBm (30 W) +/- 0.5 dB1
Duplexors and Combiner typical losses: Duplexor: Tx Filter: H2D: H4D: 0.9 dB 0.9 dB 4.3 dB 7.4 dB
Cavity + Duplexor: Not scheduled Cable typical losses2: Cable from PA to coupling unit: 0.2 dB Cable from coupling to antenna connector: 0.2 dB Rx Sensitivity guaranteed at antenna connector (including duplexor and jumper to antenna losses): -110 dBm Rx Diversity available. Expected space diversity gain at sensitivity level: 5 dB3 (Crosspolar diversity gain is 1dB less) The global performances of the receiving system, including space diversity, are of -115dBm guaranteed sensitivity.
6.1.2.
INDOOR BTS S8000 Power amplifier: 44.8 dBm (30 W) +/- 0.5 dB1
Duplexors and Combiner typical losses: Duplexor: Tx Filter: H2D: 0.9 dB 0.9 dB 4.3 dB
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H4D:
7.4 dB
6.1.3.
OUTDOOR BTS S8002
(This product is specific to the Railways market: R-GSM)

Power amplifier: 44.8 dBm (30 W) 0.9 dB +/- 0.5 dB1
Duplexor typical loss: Cable typical losses2:
Cable from PA to coupling unit: 0.25 dB Cable from coupling to antenna connector: 0.2 dB Rx Sensitivity guaranteed at BTS antenna connector (including duplexor and jumper to antenna losses): -110 dBm Rx Diversity available. Expected space diversity gain at sensitivity level: 5 dB3
6.1.4.
MICRO-BTS S2000H Power amplifier: 44.8 dBm (30 W) +/- 0.5 dB1 +/- 0.9 dB at antenna connector Typical output power: 43.5 dBm (22.4 W)
(duplexor and cable losses included)
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Rx Sensitivity guaranteed at antenna connector (including duplexor and jumper to antenna losses): -109 dBm Rx Diversity available. Expected space diversity gain at sensitivity level: 5 dB3
6.1.5.
MICRO-BTS S2000L Two feeders version Power Amplifier: 36.4 dBm (4.4 W) +/- 0.5 dB1 +3.5 / -0 dB at antenna connector Guaranteed output power: 33 dBm (2 W)
Rx Sensitivity guaranteed at antenna connector (including duplexor and jumper to antenna losses): -104 dBm Rx Diversity available. Expected diversity 4.4 dB with integrated antennas 4 gain at sensitivity level:
Integrated antenna figures: gain: Vertical, 3 dB beamwidth: Horizontal, 3dB beamwidth: Front to back ratio: Polarisation: Single feeder version Power Amplifier: 36.4 dBm (4.4 W) +/- 0.5 dB1 +3.5 / -0 dB at antenna Guaranteed output power: 29.5 dBm (0.9 W) connector
7 dBi +/-1dB >50 65 +/-5 >15dB 45 Degree orthogonal
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6.2.
6.2.1.
GSM 1800 PRODUCTS

6.2.2.
INDOOR BTS S8000 Version without cavity combiner module Power amplifier: 44.8 dBm (30 W) +/- 0.5 dB1
Duplexors and Combiner typical losses: Duplexor: Tx filter: H2D: H4D: 1.1 dB 1.1 dB 4.5 dB 7.6 dB
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Cable typical losses2: Cable from PA to coupling unit: 0.25 dB Cable from coupling to antenna connector: 0.25 dB Rx Sensitivity guaranteed at antenna connector (including duplexor and jumper to antenna losses): -110 dBm Rx Diversity available. Expected space diversity gain at sensitivity level: 5 dB3 (Crosspolar diversity gain is 1dB less) The global performances of the receiving system, including space diversity, are of -115dBm guaranteed sensitivity. Version with cavity combiner module5
(These values are valid for configurations up to 16 DRXs per cell)

Power amplifier: 44.8 dBm (30 W) +/- 0.5 dB1
Duplexor and cable typical losses: with a carrier frequency spacing = 600 kHz: with a carrier frequency spacing = 1.2 MHz: Cavity typical loss: with a carrier frequency spacing = 600 kHz: with a carrier frequency spacing = 1.2 MHz: 4 dB 3.5 dB 1.3 dB 1.3 dB
Rx Sensitivity guaranteed at antenna connector (including duplexor and jumper to antenna losses): -110 dBm Rx Diversity available. Expected space diversity gain at sensitivity level: 5 dB3 (Crosspolar diversity gain is 1dB less) The global performances of the receiving system, including space diversity, are of -115dBm guaranteed sensitivity.
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6.2.3.
Duplexors and Combiner typical losses: Duplexor: H2D: 1.1 dB 4.5 dB
Cable typical losses2: Cable from PA to coupling unit: 0.25 dB Cable from coupling to antenna connector: 0.25 dB Rx Sensitivity guaranteed at antenna connector (including duplexor and jumper to antenna losses): -110 dBm Rx Diversity available. Expected space diversity gain at sensitivity level: 5 dB3 (Crosspolar diversity gain is 1dB less) The global performances of the receiving system, including space diversity, are of -115dBm guaranteed sensitivity.
6.2.4.
MICRO-BTS S2000H Power Amplifier: 44.8 dBm (30 W) +/- 0.5 dB1 +/- 0.9 dB at antenna connector Typical output power: 43.5 dBm (22.4 W)
Rx Sensitivity guaranteed at antenna connector (including duplexor and jumper to antenna losses): -109.5 dBm Rx Diversity available. Expected space diversity gain at sensitivity level: 5 dB3
6.2.5.
MICRO-BTS S2000L Two feeders version Power Amplifier: 36.4 dBm (4.4 W) +/- 0.5 dB1
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Guaranteed output power: 33 dBm (2W) (duplexor and cable losses included)
+3 / -0 dB at antenna connector
Integrated antenna figures: gain: Vertical, 3 dB beamwidth: Horizontal, 3dB beamwidth: Front to back ratio: Polarisation: Single feeder version Power amplifier: 36.4 dBm (4.4 W) +/- 0.5 dB1 +3.5 / -0 dB at antenna Guaranteed output power: 29 dBm (0.8 W) connector
5 dBi +/-1dB >40 80 +/-10 >15dB 45 Degree orthogonal
6.3.
6.3.1.
GSM 1900 PRODUCTS

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6.3.2.
INDOOR BTS S8000 Power amplifier: 44.8 dBm (30 W) +/- 0.5 dB1
Cavity + Duplexor: Not scheduled Cable typical losses2: Cable from PA to coupling unit: 0.25 dB Cable from coupling to antenna connector: 0.25 dB Rx Sensitivity guaranteed at antenna connector (including duplexor and jumper to antenna losses): -110 dBm Rx Diversity available. Expected space diversity gain at sensitivity level: 5 dB3 (Crosspolar diversity gain is 1dB less) The global performances of the receiving system, including space diversity, are of -115dBm guaranteed sensitivity. This confidential document is the property of NORTEL MATRA CELLULAR and may not be copied or circulated without permission
Ce document confidentiel est la proprit de NORTEL MATRA CELLULAR et ne peut tre reproduit ou communiqu sans autorisation
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6.3.3.
MICRO-BTS S2000H Power Amplifier: 44.8 dBm (30 W) +/- 0.5 dB1 +/- 0.9 dB at antenna connector Typical output power: 43.5 dBm (22.4 W)
Rx Sensitivity guaranteed at antenna connector (including duplexor and jumper to antenna losses): -109.5 dBm Rx Diversity available. Expected space diversity gain at sensitivity level: 5 dB3
6.3.4.
MICRO-BTS S2000L Two feeders version Power Amplifier: 36.4 dBm (4.4 W) +/- 0.5 dB1 +3 / -0 dB at antenna connector Guaranteed output power: 33 dBm (2 W)
Integrated antenna figures: gain: Vertical, 3 dB beamwidth: Horizontal, 3dB beamwidth: Front to back ratio: Polarisation: Single feeder version Not Applicable 5 dBi +/-1dB >40 80 +/-10 >15dB 45 Degree orthogonal
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For all PAs on DRX based products, there is in fact an additional tolerance +/- 0.2 dB per 6 MHz sub-band when frequency hopping is activated. It is recommended not to include this loss in the link budget, since the very activation of frequency hopping will act to average out this variation. It is recommended to use typical power output and cable loss figures for link budget purposes. For more details please refer to Appendix A and E. Since it is theoretically impossible to guarantee more than 3 dB diversity gain, it would be more correct to state that we guarantee a 2-branch sensitivity (including diversity gain) at -113 dBm or -115 dBm respectively. The diversity gain is considered to be 1 dB lower in flat rural case due to antenna correlation, but the overall sensitivity is maintained at -113 dBm and -115dBm. Please refer to Appendix B for more details. The diversity algorithm is the same as the S2000H. The lower diversity gain is due to the internal antennas correlation and the propagation conditions for indoor or micro-cell applications (mostly in line of sight). In cavity coupling mode, a TX is set to work at a single frequency (the coupler frequency). It permanently scans all Frequency Hopping bus links coming from the Frame Processors. When it detects an indication that data is to be transmitted on its own frequency, it reads and transmits it on its radio channel. So, baseband fequency hopping is the only possible scheme with cavity combiners, as baseband frequency hopping requires as many transmitters as the number of frequency used. A consequence of using baseband frequency hopping is that if one transceiver fails, then the frequency hopping sequence length is reduced by one. Automatic reconfiguration is provided in this case.
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7.
7.1.
7.1.1.
PICONODE PRODUCT
GSM 900 PRODUCTS
CONFIGURATION 2W Typical output power: 33 dBm (2 W)
+/- 2 dB at antenna connector
Rx Sensitivity at antenna connector (including duplexor and jumper to antenna losses): -104 dBm Rx Diversity 0 dB guaranteed, 2 dB average
7.1.2.
CONFIGURATION 8W Typical output power: 39 dBm (8 W) at antenna connector

Rx Sensitivity at antenna connector (including duplexor and jumper to antenna losses): -109 dBm No diversity
7.2.
7.2.1.
GSM 1800 PRODUCTS

CONFIGURATION 2W Typical output power: 33 dBm (2 W)
+/- 2 dB at antenna connector
Rx Sensitivity at antenna connector (including duplexor and jumper to antenna losses): -104 dBm
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Rx Diversity: 0 dB guaranteed, 2 dB average 7.2.2. CONFIGURATION 8W Typical output power: 39 dBm (8 W) at antenna connector
Rx Sensitivity at antenna connector (including duplexor and jumper to antenna losses): -109 dBm No diversity
8.
8.1.
8.1.1.
TRX BASED PRODUCTS

GSM 900 PRODUCTS
INDOOR BTS S4000 Power amplifier: Guaranteed value: Standard BTS: (1 sector per cabinet) Duplexors and Combiners: Duplexor: 1 dB loss H2D: 4.5 dB loss Cavity Master + Duplexor: 4.9 dB loss Compact BTS: (3 sectors in 2 cabinets) Power amplifier: Guaranteed value 44 dBm H2D only: 4.5 dB loss Rx Sensitivity at BTS feeder connector (including duplexor loss): -107 dBm Rx Diversity available. Expected space diversity gain at sensitivity level 4 dB 44 dBm (25 W) -0/+3 dB with hybrid 45.4 dBm (35 W) -0/+3 dB with cavity
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8.1.2.
OUTDOOR BTS S4000 Power amplifier: Guaranteed value 44 dBm (25 W) -0/+3 dB Duplexors and Combiners: Duplexor: 1 dB loss H2D: 4.5 dB loss Rx Sensitivity at BTS feeder connector (including duplexor loss): -107 dBm Rx Diversity available. Expected space diversity gain at sensitivity level 4 dB
8.1.3.
INDOOR/OUTDOOR MICRO-BTS S2000E Power amplifier: Guaranteed value 44 dBm (25 W) -0/+3 dB Duplexor: 1 dB loss Rx Sensitivity at BTS feeder connector (including duplexor loss): -107 dBm Rx Diversity available. Expected space diversity gain at sensitivity level 4 dB
8.2.
8.2.1.
GSM 1800 PRODUCTS

INDOOR BTS S4000 Power amplifier: Guaranteed value: Duplexors and Combiners: H2D: 4.5 dB loss Cavity + Duplexor: 4.9 dB DLNA: available 1 dB duplexor loss. Sensitivity at DLNA connector Rx Sensitivity at BTS feeder connector (including duplexor loss): -107 dBm Rx Diversity available. Expected space diversity gain at sensitivity level 4 dB 43 dBm (20 W) -0/+3 dB with hybrid 44.8 dBm (30 W) -0/+3 dB with cavity
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8.2.2.
OUTDOOR BTS S4000 Power amplifier: Guaranteed value 43 dBm (20 W) -0/+3 dB Duplexors and Combiners: Duplexor: 1 dB loss H2D: 4.5 dB loss Rx Sensitivity at BTS feeder connector (including duplexor loss): -107 dBm Rx Diversity available. Expected space diversity gain at sensitivity level 4 dB
8.2.3.
INDOOR/OUTDOOR MICRO-BTS S2000E Power amplifier: Guaranteed value 43 dBm (20 W) -0/+3 dB Duplexor: 1 dB loss Rx Sensitivity at BTS feeder connector (including duplexor loss): -107 dBm Rx Diversity available. Expected space diversity gain at sensitivity level 4 dB
8.3.
8.3.1.
GSM 1900 PRODUCTS

INDOOR BTS S4000 NOT SCHEDULED
8.3.2.
OUTDOOR BTS S4000 Power amplifier: Guaranteed value 43 dBm (20 W) -0/+3 dB Duplexors and Combiners: Duplexor: 1.5 dB loss H2D: 4.5 dB loss Rx Sensitivity at BTS feeder connector (including duplexor loss): -107 dBm
Rx Diversity available. Expected space diversity gain at sensitivity level 4 dB Page 22/36 17/01/00
8.3.3.
OUTDOOR BTS S4000 SMART Power amplifier: 42 dBm +/-1.5 dB Duplexor loss: 0.5 dB Antenna gain: 18 dBi Rx Sensitivity at antenna connector: -107 dBm Expected space diversity gain at sensitivity level 6.5 dB Balanced EIRP: 59.5 dBm +/-1.5 dB
8.3.4.
OUTDOOR MICRO-BTS S2000E Power amplifier: Guaranteed value 43 dBm (20 W) Duplexor: 1.5 dB loss Rx Sensitivity at BTS feeder connector (including duplexor loss): -107 dBm Rx Diversity available. Expected space diversity gain at sensitivity level 4 dB
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APPENDIX A: MORE ABOUT SENSITIVITY

This Appendix is meant to clarify sensitivity figures, knowing that such notions as static, dynamic, guaranteed, typical may often lead to confusion. The sensitivity is completely defined in the GSM recommendation 05.05. 6.2., as the input level for which all performances in terms of frame erasure, bit error or residual error rates are met. A reference table specifies rates varying according to the type of GSM channel (traffic, signalling) and the type of propagation channel (static, urban, rural, hilly terrain). Sensitivity is measured at antenna connector, and by definition this figure takes into account all RF elements losses included in BTS cabinet, as shown on the following figure:
Antenna
Common cable Losses
Rx Sensitivity
Antenna Connector
Combiner losses
TxPa Output Power
Rx Diversity Gain
Base Station
Duplexor Combiner Power Amplifier
Nota: in case of BTS S2000H, antenna connector is located on the HP RF remote unit, it is not on the BTS itself but on the remoted RF module unit.
The sensitivity as quoted in this document is the lowest case across these various conditions, which for DRX based 1-branch receivers happens to be the rural case, where the sensitivity of the BTS is also of key importance.
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Static / Dynamic Let us first demystify the so-called static sensitivity. In fact, there is no such formal definition in the GSM recs.; It could be viewed as the level at which sensitivity performance is met in the static channel mode. Yet, the static mode is only one of the propagation models among others specified in the GSM recs. reference table. Moreover, as can be seen on the sensitivity chart (attached at the end of this Appendix), the static mode is the most favourable case1. In terms of radio, it can be understood that for a given signal input, less communication errors are expected within a configuration where there are no multi-path effects at all. In terms of engineering, the static case is not meaningful (there are always multi-paths). Yet, it is understood that for practical reasons, factory tests and some field measurements are performed in static mode (and used for comparison purpose, as for the E2 trial); Then, if it is needed, the real sensitivity figure could be extrapolated by adding an offset (for example deduced from the sensitivity chart). To conclude, let us make it clear that the static sensitivity should never be taken as a reference for engineering purpose. Typical / Guaranteed The sensitivity chart below (taken from [R5]) shows the sensitivity of the BTS derived from simulations of DSP performance (verified by measurements), and worst-case noise figure of the BTS which comes from design considerations. The columns static, tu50, ra250 etc. correspond to simulations of the GSM defined channel conditions, and the final two columns correspond to the worst case value which define the BTS sensitivity at 900MHz or 1800/1900MHz. The rows correspond to the type of BTS (S4000, S8000, ..), and whether diversity is used or not (1-antenna = no diversity, 2-antenna = diversity). To avoid misreading, it must be understood that figures given in the chart for 2 antenna configurations include the diversity gain. Two cases for diversity are given, those with an antenna correlation of 1 (fully correlated), and those with an antenna correlation of approximately 0.2 (uncorrelated). The Eb/No figure of merit given by is used to derive a BTS sensitivity using the following formula: S = -119.7 + Eb/No +NF These sensitivity figures are also shown in the table. All sensitivity figures given in the chart are calculated using a guaranteed noise factor of 4 dB (The typical NF=3 dB) for the S8000 BTS, and 6.5 dB for the S4000 BTS.
1 with
the exception of a few cases of fully uncorrelated antennas and 2-branch diversity
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All sensitivities taken in the link budgets are meant to be guaranteed ones. Typical sensitivity is 1dB better than the worst-case used, principally due to the variation in performance of the RF front end and not the variation in the DRX module. The variation in performance of DRXs on a per cell basis is therefore very tightly controlled. The diversity gain table is calculated by taking the difference between the 1antenna and 2-antenna (4-antenna in the case of S4000 SMART) case. The diversity gains for the S8000 vary from 3dB (the minimum when 2 branches are received at the same mean level) to a value of 5.4dB depending on channel model and antenna correlation. In Appendix C, a few explanations are given on marketing choices driving the -108/-110 dBm sensitivity strategy which result from interpreting this table. Sensitivity Chart
S MAR T S 4000 Uncorr. Ant. S 8000-L S 1 Antenna S 8000-L S 2 Corr. Ant. S 8000-L S 2 Uncorr. Ant. S 8000 1 Antenna S 8000 2 Corr. Ant. S 8000 2 Uncorr. Ant. -4,00E -01 4,3 1,4 1,4 3,4 5,00E -01 5,00E -01 -9,00E -01 5,2 2,5 1,1 4,1 1,2 -2,00E -01 2,00E -02 6,7 4,1 1,2 5,5 2,5 1,00E -01 -2 4,8 2,2 2,1 3,6 9,00E -01 7,00E -01 -9,00E -01 5,1 2,4 1 4,1 1,2 -3,00E -01 -9,00E -01 5 2,3 2,3 3,8 1,1 9,00E -01 0,02 6,7 4,1 1,2 5,5 2,5 0,1 0,02 6,7 4,1 2,1 5,5 2,5 0,7 0,02 6,7 4,1 2,3 5,5 2,5 0,9
S ens itivity Calculation from -119.7+NF +E b/No s tatic -108,4 -110,9 -110,9 -113,6 -113,6 -111,4 -114,3 -114,3 -112,3 -115,2 -115,2 -114,7 -109,2 -106,3 tu50 -107,3 -109,4 -111,3 -111,9 -114,1 -110,5 -113,2 -114,6 -111,6 -114,5 -115,9 -113,5 -108,5 -105,6 GS M 900 ra250 -105,7 -108 -110,8 -110,4 -113,18 -109 -111,6 -114,5 -110,2 -113,2 -115,6 -112,2 -107,2 -104,2 ht100 -107,8 -109,9 -110,2 -112,5 -115,2 -110,9 -113,5 -113,6 -112,1 -114,8 -115 -113,8 -108,8 -106,1 DCS 1800/PCS 1900 tu50 ht100 ra130 -105,7 -107,4 -107,3 -108 -109,6 -109,6 -110,8 -111,4 -110,1 -110,4 -112,1 -112,2 -113,18 -114,1 -114,1 -109 -110,6 -110,7 -111,6 -113,3 -113,4 -114,5 -114,7 -113,4 -110,2 -111,6 -111,9 -113,2 -114,5 -114,6 -115,6 -116 -114,8 -112,7 -114 -114,1 -107,2 -108,5 -108,6 -104,2 -105,6 -105,9 S ens itivity 900 1800/1900 -105,7 -105,7 -108 -108 -110,2 -110,1 -110,4 -110,4 -113,18 -113,18 -109 -109 -111,6 -111,6 -113,6 -113,4 -110,2 -110,2 -113,2 -113,2 -115 -114,8 -112,2 -112,7 -107,2 -107,2 -104,2 -104,2
S 4000 1Antenna S 4000 2 Corr. Ant. S 4000 2 Uncorr. Ant. S MAR T S 4000 Corr. Ant. S MAR T S 4000 Uncorr. Ant. S 8000-L S 1 Antenna S 8000-L S 2 Corr. Ant. S 8000-L S 2 Uncorr. Ant. S 8000 1 Antenna S 8000 2 Corr. Ant. S 8000 2 Uncorr. Ant. S 2000-H S 2000-L E -CE L L
Divers ity Gain which is difference between 'with' and 'without' 2 or 4 antennas GS M 900 s tatic tu50 ra250 ht100 0 0 0 0 S 4000 1Antenna 2,5 2,1 2,1 S 4000 2 Corr. Ant. 2,3 2,5 4 2,4 S 4000 2 Uncorr. Ant. 5,1 5,2 4,6 4,7 4,7 S MAR T S 4000 Corr. Ant. 5,2 6,8 7,48 7,4 S MAR T S 4000 Uncorr. Ant. 0 0 0 0 S 8000-L S 1 Antenna 2,9 2,7 2,6 S 8000-L S 2 Corr. Ant. 2,6 2,9 4,1 2,7 S 8000-L S 2 Uncorr. Ant. 5,5 0 0 0 0 S 8000 1 Antenna 2,9 2,9 2,7 S 8000 2 Corr. Ant. 3 2,9 4,3 2,9 S 8000 2 Uncorr. Ant. 5,4
tu50
DCS 1800/PCS 1900 ht100 ra130 0 0 0 2,3 2,2 2,3 5,1 4 2,8 4,7 4,9 4,7 6,7 6,8 7,48 0 0 0 2,6 2,7 2,7 5,5 4,1 2,7 0 0 0 3 2,9 2,7 5,4 4,4 2,9
900
S ens itivity 1800/1900 0 0 2,3 2,3 4,5 4,4 4,7 4,7 7,48 7,48 0 0 2,6 2,6 4,6 4,4 0 0 3 3 4,8 4,6
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Note: the S8000-LS is the S8000 BTS without enhanced coverage option
Typical and guaranteed figures for the BTS S8000 These figures are given for specific cases where the customer does not wish to take the typical figures recommended for link-budgets by NORTEL. The source of these figures is [R4] and test reports. The cable loss typical values are given from measurements on a few samples; yet, difference with figures from a further analysis of factory measurements is expected to be less than 0.1 dB.
Modules Bands T ypical los s es Guaranteed los s es
Duplexor only 900 0,9 dB 1 dB 1800/1900 1,1 dB 1,2 dB
whole H2D 900 4,3 dB 5 dB 1800/1900 4,5 dB 5 dB
whole H4D 900 7,4 dB 8,5 dB 1800/1900 7,6 dB 8,5 dB
Cables Bands Indoor BT S T ypical los s es Guaranteed los s es T ypical los s es Guaranteed los s es
P A to Combiner 900 0,2 dB 0,35 dB 0,2 dB 0,35 dB 1800/1900 0,25 dB 0,5 dB 0,25 dB 0,5 dB
Combiner to Ant. conn 900 0,2 dB 0,25 dB 1800/1900 0,25 dB 0,35 dB
Outdoor BT S
s ame R F perf. indoor / outdoor
note: use or otherwise of the VSWR option (antenna connection monitoring) has no effect on the overall combiner loss.
APPENDIX B: MORE ABOUT SPACE DIVERSITY GAINS

Fading correlation The reference document for this discussion is [R3]. One major parameter to assess space diversity gain is the fading correlation, which depends on many factors, such as radio environment (angular distribution of reflectors), antenna configuration (spacing between antennas) and position of the mobile respective to the BTS. This confidential document is the property of NORTEL MATRA CELLULAR and may not be copied or circulated without permission
Ce document confidentiel est la proprit de NORTEL MATRA CELLULAR et ne peut tre reproduit ou communiqu sans autorisation
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The sensitivity chart gives figures for fully correlated antennas and uncorrelated antennas (correlation 0.2), which can be viewed respectively as the worst case and quasi-best case situations. In reality, the correlation figure lies somewhere between both figures, depending on the factors mentioned previously. To assess correlation values applicable to engineering is not an easy task; Yet, it can be observed that by taking 10 wavelengths of antenna separation (recommended distance is 20 ), the correlation factor is as low as 0.2 for an angular spread of only 1 (reference:R&D chart). These results give us enough confidence to interpolate the sensitivity at values near the uncorrelated case, in such environments as built-up areas (urban, suburban), as well as hilly terrain, which offer a multiplicity of reflectors. Yet, this appears less obvious for open area environments, typically flat rural, for which we will assume a more conservative correlation factor (see following paragraph). 2-branch sensitivity Referring to the chart, diversity gains are calculated by doing the difference between with and without 2 antennas figures. It is no surprise that diversity gains vary a lot with correlation and propagation channels. Yet, it can be observed that after rounding figures, the overall sensitivity+diversity figure stays relatively constant, independently of the configuration. We tend to a cumulated figure of -113 dBm for the S8000 without enhanced coverage option, and -115 dBm for the S8000 with enhanced coverage option. This observation partly justifies the uniformity of the diversity gain of 5 dB for the S8000 (enhanced coverage option or not), which when added to the sensitivity (-108 or -110 dBm) give the correct total. It must be stressed that this artifice is only meant to provide separate figures for sensitivity and diversity gain, which are still distinguished when discussing link budgets. Yet, a 5 dB diversity gain would be subject to much discussion from customers when it comes to guarantee it in all configurations. Then, it would be more appropriate to speak in terms of 1-branch sensitivity (-108 or -110 dBm) and 2-branch sensitivity (-113 or -115 dBm, including diversity gain), and explain that the latter is the real guaranteed figure. The rural flat exception: as mentioned earlier (paragraph fading correlation), the rural flat environment deserves a particular treatment. By taking a fairly high antenna correlation factor of around 0.7, (the higher the correlation the more conservative the case), RA propagation channels results readings on R&D curves (given in [3]) lead to consider a loss in diversity gain of approximately 1dB from the uncorrelated case. However, the resultant 2-branch sensitivity is maintained at -113 dBm and -115 dBm, so that we shall keep a 5 dB diversity gain for the rural flat case. This also has the added advantage of not requiring separate link budget figures for rural situations using conventional antennas.
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APPENDIX C: CROSSPOLARISATION ANTENNA USE

The use of crosspolarisation antenna has followed a growing trend, due to the flexibility offered in terms of site installation (two antenna packaged into one, offering diversity gain and coupling 2 TRXs on a single antenna without hybrid coupling). Measurements were led to fully characterise crosspolar effects on link budget figures [R6] [R7]. Cross polar antenna is characterised by : - 2RF ports for one antenna - slant polarised transmission. Hence use of cross polar antennas imply: - simplification of the coupling stage. - radiolink performances modification. - diversity of polarisation. Simplification of coupling stages It should be understood that with the same number of antennas as for spatial diversity (i.e. one -no space diversity- or two space diversity) crosspolar antennas provide 2 times more RF ports. This means that on one feeder, the number of supported DRX is divided by two, and the size of the coupling stage too. Radio link performances Radio link performances are affected by the transmission over slanted polarisation. Measurements reports indicate performances of crosspolar antennas compared to vertical antenna are lower: - in urban area of 1dB in 900Mhz and 2dB in 1800Mhz. - in flat rural area of 3dB in 900Mhz and 1800Mhz. What should be highlighted is that performances of crosspolar antennas are strongly dependent on environment, and mainly on reflectors and scatterers : the more they are, the better the performances. For link budget purposes, crosspolar antennas recommended typical losses are: - in all environment,1.5dB in 900Mhz and 1800Mhz. - in flat open area, of 3dB in 900 Mhz and 1800Mhz.
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Polarisation diversity Polarisation diversity is obtained by processing the two signals coming from the two branches of one crosspolar antenna. Polarisation diversity is estimated after measurements of signal decorrelation between the two diversity receiving branches of one crosspolar.
Diversity gain
It should be remembered the condition of giving 5dB for space diversity gain. This space diversity figure is just an artefact to take into account that diversity processing and BTS sensitivity have dynamic performances and that in overall it is guaranteed : Diversity gain + BTS sensitivity = x dBm (x depending on BTS type). 5dB spatial diversity gain is obtained with a power decorrelation of 0.2. In the same context, measurements [R6] shows that when 0.2 spatial decorrelation is reached, 0.5 signal power decorrelation is measured with polarisation diversity device : this is equivalent to say that polarisation diversity is: - 0.75dB lower than space diversity in urban area. - 1dB lower than space diversity in rural area. Therefore proposed link budget figures are of 4dB polarisation diversity gain. It should clearly be understood that in fact Nortel BTS ensures a -114dBm performance with polarisation diversity. Link budget figures As a summary, proposed link budget figures for crosspolar antenna use are summarised in the table below: all environments 900Mhz & 1800Mhz radio link performances (DL & UL) diversity gain -1.5dB +4dB (5dB)* flat rural, flat open 900Mhz & 1800Mhz -3dB +4dB (5dB)*
(*) Crosspolar antennas offer as diversity solution : - polarisation diversity (4dB gain) when 1 crosspolar antenna is used. - spatial diversity(5dB gain) with 2 crosspolar antennas.
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Circular polarisation and crosspolar antennas This system, Nortel patented, combines two types of advantages: - the crosspolar antenna benefit of the 2 antennas connectors within one antenna chassis. - the robustness of circular polarisation against depolarisation effect and mobile positionning. This system relies on a single 3dB-90dephaser-hybrid coupler located at the bottom of the crosspolar antenna feeding the two ports of the crosspolar antenna with exactly the same feeder length. The system scheme is shown below:
Crosspolar antenna
S+PI/2
S+PI/2 3dB hybrid dephaser
BTS with polarisation diversity
BTS with space diversity
In term of radio figures, the benefits of the crosspolar antenna use combined with the 3dB-coupler are: - the radio transmission is no more affected by the slanted polarisation due to the transmission of the whole signal over a circular polarised wave. Whatever the position, the mobile receives all the power. - the combining stages are divided by 2. - the diversity gain is : - with 1 crosspolar antenna the polarisation diversity gain :4dB. - with 2 crosspolar antenna the psace diversity gain : 5dB.
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Recommended figures for this system are: all environments 900Mhz & 1800Mhz diversity gain polarisation diversity space diversity radio link performances (UL and DL) +4dB +5dB 0dB
APPENDIX D: ON THE PROVISION OPTIONS FOR S8000
OF
-108/-110
Note: today, all the products that Nortel sells, include a 110 dBm sensitivity. So, the 110 dBm sensitivity cant be referred to as a Enhanced Coverage option. Meanwhile, our customers can choose bnetween the 108 or the 110 dBm sensitivities.
The marketing of the options on the S8000 BTS is based on worst case dynamic receiver sensitivity. The headline figure of merit used for DRX based BTS is based on marketing a typical static value of -113dBm and guaranteeing a -110dBm sensitivity for use in link budgets. NORTEL continues to play on the benefits of enhanced receiver sensitivity since it a point which provides strong differentiation from the competition. Marketing messages such as no DLNA required with NORTEL BTS are frequently used with customers, since the sensitivity performance of the S8000 BTS is such that the link budgets are normally in balance or downlink limited. The S8000 BTS product range is however available with 2 options for receiver sensitivity. The two options have been defined in order to provide flexibility in sales and marketing strategy with both new and existing customers, and in response to requests from account primes world-wide. The commercial use of the marketing messages and the options will be different from customer to customer, but the engineering of the network will take into account the version finally supplied using the figures from this document. The -110dBm sensitivity is referred to as the Enhanced Coverage option throughout this document, but that does not mean that the functionality will necessarily be marketed or sold as an option with particular customer. As can be determined from the detailed figures given in Appendix A, the difference between these options in worst-case dynamic mode with antenna diversity is in fact 1.6dB. The difference is rounded up to 2dB for marketing purposes, and this difference is kept in the engineering figures used. In other words, there is a small additional margin when engineering with the -108dBm option. The diversity gain is not dependant on the sensitivity option chosen.
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The -110 dBm option is introduced through the provision of a new DRX module (NTQA01KA for GSM 1800, and NTQA01RA for GSM 900) equipped with a new ASIC (EGAL2) and signal processing algorithm (enhanced coverage option). These DRXs can be deployed in the V8 networks today , while the functionality of the algorithm is activated through the introduction of V8Bed7 or V9.0. The new DRX modules are fully compatible with the existing modules, and can coexist in the same BTS, and even in the same sector if necessary. The additional 2dBs of sensitivity can provide significant value to the customers in networks where additional uplink performance can improve the balanced link budget, therefore resulting in better coverage than the competition. This could result in typically 10-20% savings in the number of sites required. It is this benefit which is marketed strongly to the customers. Possible applications are in: * GSM1800/1900 sites equipped with duplexor coupling (i.e. not downlink limited without the Enhanced coverage option) * GSM 900/1800/1900 networks equipped with duplexors and cross-polar antennas (reduced diversity gain requires increased receiver sensitivity for link balance) * Networks where mobile transmit power used in engineering is below 1W (demanded notably by BYT and E2, and at variance with the standard figures for mobiles recommended in this document), * Networks where mobile sensitivity used in engineering is better than standard specifications (on customer request and at variance with the recommended figures quoted in this document) * Networks for customers whose objective is improvement in quality in any link direction and whose key objective is not link balance.
APPENDIX E: ON THE USE OF FACTORY TEST RESULTS IN RF ENGINEERING

During integration test in the factory, the DRXs are subjected to a sensitivity test, and the results are often requested by customers. These figures are not intended to be used either to demonstrate that the receiver sensitivity is as good as quoted in the product descriptions supplied to customers, nor should they be used to supply typical values for network engineering. This assertion is based on the following reasons: * the factory measurement is a static measurement, and dynamic figures are used in link budgets.
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* the real sensitivity of the BTS is determined by the noise figure of the coupling/LNA module, and this is guaranteed by design to fall within the limits guaranteed by NORTEL to customers. The unit-unit variation is therefore extremely well controlled. * the factory measurement technique, whilst it does verify that the DRX functions properly at a very low signal level, is prone to measurement error. This means that to guarantee -110dBm performance by measurement, a much too stringent measurement limit would have to be set, which would in turn mean that factory yields would deteriorate.
APPENDIX F: ON ENGINEERING WITH TYPICAL AND WORST CASE VALUES

Throughout this document, we have used typical values for the output power of DRX based products, but we have used guaranteed worst-case figures for the sensitivity. For marketing reasons, this has been done to maximise the balanced link budget used in BTS comparisons and may at first sight seem to defy natural logic, so some explanations are offered: * the difference between typical and absolute worst case power output is dependant on summing all the worst-case figures for the PA output, cable loss etc. In fact the statistical chance of each component being worst-case at the same time is very small. * the difference between typical and worst-case 2-branch sensitivity has many factors such as LNA supplier, temperature, antenna correlation... for which worst-case combinations may occur systematically. * experience has shown that handheld mobiles may often be lower than specifications as regards output power, and higher than specification on sensitivity, providing a systematic bias in the opposite direction. * From engineering considerations, it is considered acceptable to engineer link budgets with typical figures used for both uplink and downlink. The difference between guaranteed and typical sensitivity is considered to be 1dB in this document. Fuller understanding of cross-polar or flat-rural antenna correlation may well show that the recommendations in this document have been over optimistic in these circumstances, and this 1dB has been considered a safety margin in these circumstances.
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APPENDIX G: MORE ABOUT THE OUPUT POWER

Throughout this document, we have used the power amplifier, the nominal output power or the guaranteed output power of products. Its important to explain how we can calculate the nominal output power or the guaranteed output power from the power amplifier and to see the main differences between them. Nominal ouput power: The nominal ouput power is the typical power at BTS antenna connector, it also includes the cable and the coupling losses (these values are typical values). Pnom = PA (dBm) - PACoupling loss (dB) - Coupling loss (dB) CouplingAntenna connector loss (dB) We have exactly the same calculation for the tolerance: Tolerance_Pnom = Tolerance_PA (dB) + Tolerance_(PACoupling) (dB) + Tolerance_Coupling(dB) + Tolerance_(CouplingAntenna connector)(dB) And the exactly designation is: Pnom (dBm), +/- Tolerance_Pnom (dB) Guaranteed output power: This power is the guaranteed output power at the BTS antenna connector. Pgua (dB) = Pnom (dB) Tolerance_Pnom (dB) And, the designation is this one: Pgua (dBm), +2*Tolerance_Pnom / -0 (dB) Minimun output power: The minimum output power is also the guaranteed output power: Pmin = Pgua Maximum output power: And, the maximum output power is defined as the best power we can have: Pmax = Pgua +Tolerance_Pgua
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The following table shows the example of the BTS S2000H at 900 MHz frequency. Coupling (Duplexor) Typical losses Tolerance 0.8 dB 0.2 dB PA to Coupling 0.3 dB 0.1 dB Coupling to antenna connector 0.2 dB 0.1 dB
So, the values of the different powers are: Power (dBm) PA Typical output power 44.8 44.8 0.8 0.3 0.2 = 43.5 Guaranteed output power 43.5 0.9 = 42.6 Minimum output power Maximum output power 42.6 42.6 + 1.8 = 44.4 Tolerance (dB) +/- 0.5 0.5 + 0.2 + 0.1 + 0.1 = +/- 0.9 +2 * 0.9 / -0 = +1.8 / -0 NO NO
Z End of DOCUMENT Y
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NORTEL BTS CONFIGURATIONS AND LINK BUDGET PARAMETERS

Quality manager : Abstract / Comments :

NORTEL BTS CONFIGURATIONS AND LINK BUDGET PARAMETERS PE/IRC/INF/0007 02.04/ EN

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NORTEL BTS CONFIGURATIONS AND LINK BUDGET PARAMETERS

TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION

3. ABBREVIATIONS & DEFINITIONS

4. MOBILE SENSITIVITY AND POWER 5. E-CELL BTS

6. DRX BASED PRODUCTS

NORTEL BTS CONFIGURATIONS AND LINK BUDGET PARAMETERS PE/IRC/INF/0007 02.04/ EN

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8. TRX BASED PRODUCTS

NORTEL BTS CONFIGURATIONS AND LINK BUDGET PARAMETERS PE/IRC/INF/0007 02.04/ EN

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SCOPE & ASSUMPTIONS

NORTEL BTS CONFIGURATIONS AND LINK BUDGET PARAMETERS PE/IRC/INF/0007 02.04/ EN

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ABBREVIATIONS & DEFINITIONS

NORTEL BTS CONFIGURATIONS AND LINK BUDGET PARAMETERS PE/IRC/INF/0007 02.04/ EN

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NORTEL BTS CONFIGURATIONS AND LINK BUDGET PARAMETERS PE/IRC/INF/0007 02.04/ EN

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MOBILE SENSITIVITY AND POWER

+1 / -2dB at antenna connector

NORTEL BTS CONFIGURATIONS AND LINK BUDGET PARAMETERS PE/IRC/INF/0007 02.04/ EN

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GSM 1800 PRODUCTS

+1 / -2dB at antenna connector

GSM 1900 PRODUCTS

NORTEL BTS CONFIGURATIONS AND LINK BUDGET PARAMETERS PE/IRC/INF/0007 02.04/ EN

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DRX BASED PRODUCTS

GSM 900 PRODUCTS

NORTEL BTS CONFIGURATIONS AND LINK BUDGET PARAMETERS PE/IRC/INF/0007 02.04/ EN

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OUTDOOR BTS S8002

(This product is specific to the Railways market: R-GSM)

Duplexor typical loss: Cable typical losses2:

NORTEL BTS CONFIGURATIONS AND LINK BUDGET PARAMETERS PE/IRC/INF/0007 02.04/ EN

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7 dBi +/-1dB >50 65 +/-5 >15dB 45 Degree orthogonal

NORTEL BTS CONFIGURATIONS AND LINK BUDGET PARAMETERS PE/IRC/INF/0007 02.04/ EN

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GSM 1800 PRODUCTS

NORTEL BTS CONFIGURATIONS AND LINK BUDGET PARAMETERS PE/IRC/INF/0007 02.04/ EN

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(These values are valid for configurations up to 16 DRXs per cell)

NORTEL BTS CONFIGURATIONS AND LINK BUDGET PARAMETERS PE/IRC/INF/0007 02.04/ EN

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Duplexors and Combiner typical losses: Duplexor: H2D: 1.1 dB 4.5 dB

NORTEL BTS CONFIGURATIONS AND LINK BUDGET PARAMETERS PE/IRC/INF/0007 02.04/ EN

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5 dBi +/-1dB >40 80 +/-10 >15dB 45 Degree orthogonal

GSM 1900 PRODUCTS

NORTEL BTS CONFIGURATIONS AND LINK BUDGET PARAMETERS PE/IRC/INF/0007 02.04/ EN

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