LOW COST WATER LEVEL INDICATOR

BY S.UDAYKIRAN 10BEC0218 SLOT :E1

LOW COST WATER LEVEL DETECTOR

AIM: To design a low cost water level detector inside a tank with the help of LED display

COMPONENTS REQUIRED: 1. 2. 3. 4. 9 V DC BATTERY -1 Pc RESISTANCE(1 K) 1Pc LEDS 5Pcs COOPER PLATES 5Pcs

PRINCIPLE: We all know that water is a good conductor of electricity because of presence of H2O ions in the water.And also we know that when there is a voltage difference between two points negatively charged particles move from low potential to high potential region so current flows in opposite direction.based on these two principles we created the level detector.

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

DESCRIPTION: As shown in fig. a resistor of 1k is connected in series with the LEDs of different colours indicating different regions The positive terminal of the battery is connected to the one end of the resistor and the negative terminal is immersed in water. The other terminal of the resistor is connected to the positive terminals of LEDs and the negative terminals of the LEDs are immersed in water. This forms a closed loop circuit. As we know that water is good conductor of electricity(i.e ions). When the water in the tank reaches cooper plate the ions in water flow from positive to negative and electrons flow from negative to positive creating the current. So whenever water in contact with the cooper plate the electros will flow and LEDs will glow.

This is based on the simple principle of ion transfer i.e whenever voltage difference is present in between two terminals the ions diffuses.depending on the amount of ions in the water the amount of current flow also increased.

IMPROVEMENTS:

1. You can replace the LEDs and you can use seven segment display in order to display the water level. 2. By connecting a buzzer in series with the LEDs it will give sound whenever the led glows. 3. Instead of using resistor using a transistor will amplify the amount of current flowing in the circuit. 4. If the water is pure in order to have sufficient current decrease the resistance that connected in series.

ADVANTAGES

1. It is the the maximum possible low cost water level indicator. 2. It is used in houses in order to detect whether the tank is filled or not.

LIMITATIONS: 1. In case of pure water there will be less no of ions so you cannot detect whether led glows or not. 2. There is no amplification mechanism so the amount of current through the led is very less.

CONCLUSIONS: It is the lowest possible water level indicator which can be frequently used in houses for their tanks.