AUTOMATIC BASKET BALL SCORING DISPLAY USING FPGA

C.Kalyana Sundaram
Assistant professor,ECE, Mepco Schlenk Engineering, College, Sivakasi. gullycks.kalyan@gmail.com

R.Padma priya
Final year ECE, Mepco Schlenk Engineering College, Sivakasi. gokulapriya2790@gmail.com

M.Karthiga
Final year ECE, Mepco Schlenk Engineering, College, Sivakasi. karthiga1411@gmail.com

Abstract: Automation may also refer to the

adoption of more sophisticated electronics. This paper presents design of Automatic Score Board for Basket Ball Using FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array).The aim of this study is to design and develop a wireless sensor system integrating encoder and decoder and long range RF transceiver unit. The system is reading from different sensors. From sensor output the signal is received by RF receiver through RF transmitter. The received signal is made to pass through the FPGA where counting (points) take place and then it is made to display in Seven segment display. The serial communication between the Encoder and decode unit and RF transceiver is controlled by Xilinx Spartan-3E FPGA device. In basket ball scoring system there are three different points to be considered (free throw ,two point ,three point). Sensor is used to sense these different points and automatically increase the point and display in the seven segment display.

on-a-Chip ( SoCs) are getting more popular, many of the issues regarding sensor monitoring need to be tackled. FPGAs, in contrast, do not have these limitations. The building blocks of these devices are gates, the logic foundation of any digital device. However, rather than wiring up countless TTL chips like in the early days, the designer can enter the schematic with a suitable editor1which is then compiled in to the configuration file for the FPGA. This means that before programming the microcontroller one would first design it according to the requirements. While this may seem like re-inventing the wheel, modern design tools hide a lot of the complicated details while the added flexibility outweighs the extra effort. More to the point though, we will see that many components of the microcontroller can be left out of the design. In this paper, the design of a long-range wireless system prototype used for automatic scoring for basket ball will be presented. The system meets timing and low power constraints, thus a configurable state machine has been developed to make the system adaptive with the variations in the sensors due to environmental factors.

Key words: FPGA, RF, Xilinx Spartan-3E. INTRODUCTION

Technology is a never ending process. to be able to design a product using the current technology that will be beneficial to the lives of others is a huge contribution to the community. FPGAs devices are nowadays one of the most important alternatives to construct high-speed digital systems. This technology was marketed in the middle of the 1980s with a simple but strong argument: Its capability to be inhouse erased and reconfigured in few milliseconds would allow the designers to correct errors or introduce last-minute modifications. This feature clearly distinguished FPGAs from other alternatives like standard cells or gate arrays, and guaranteed the success of the new devices. As FPGA based Systems-

EXISTING METHOD
A scoreboard is large board for publicly displaying the score in a game or match. Prior to the 1980s most electronic scoreboards were electro-mechanical. They contained relays or stepping switches controlling digits consisting of incandescent light bulbs .The main disadvantage of this method is due to its manual operation.

PROPOSED METHOD
With the rapid growth of integrated circuits (ICs) and their applications over the last 40 years, IC design has been an integral part of the technological advances we all have come to take for granted. Advances in large scale integrated circuits permitted the introduction of computer control. This also made it cost effective to send the signals that control the operation of the scoreboard either through the existing AC wires providing power to the scoreboard or through the air. Now we are going to design Automation in score board for Basket Ball using FPGA which have never been implemented before. FPGAs devices are nowadays one of the most important alternatives to construct high-speed digital systems. SYSTEM OVERVIEW The wireless system is consisting of two main units at both the transmitter and receiver sides as shown in Figure 1.At the transmitter, the data recorded by the sensors, will be first converted to digital form using the Encoder and Decoder(HT12E,HT12D). RF transmitter receives data and transmits it wirelessly through RF through its antenna .The transmission occurs at the rate of 1Kbps - 10Kbps. The transmitted data is received by an RF receiver operating at the same frequency as that of the transmitter. The RF Transmitter/Receiver operates at a frequency of 434 MHz.

(ASK). The RF module is often used along with a pair of encoder/decoder. The encoder is used for encoding parallel data for transmission. The decoder is used for decoding the data which has been transmitted. Transmission through RF is better than IR(Infrared) because of many reason. Firstly, the signal through RF can travel large distances making it suitable for long range applications. Also while IR mostly operate in line-of-sight mode .RF signal can travel even when there is obstruction between transmitter and receiver. RF transmission is more strong and reliable than IR transmission. RF communication uses specific frequency, unlike IR signal which are affected by other IR emitting source.

The RF module is shown in the figure-2

Figure-2 RF module
The RF module is often used along with a pair of encoder/decoder. Encoder is used for encoding parallel data for transmission feed while reception is decoded by a decoder. The Encoder-Decoder pair used here is HT12E-HT12D. The circuit diagram for transmitter and receiver side is shown in the figure-3(a) and 3(b).

Figure-1 block diagram

The RF module, as the name suggests, operates at Radio Frequency. The corresponding frequency range varies between 30 KHz & 300 GHz. In this RF system, the digital data is represented as variations in the amplitude of carrier wave. This kind of modulation is known as Amplitude Shift Keying

Figure-3(a)-circuit diagram for transmitter side

frequency, and then the signal is decoded and made to pass through FPGA. Here the counter gets incremented and displayed in the seven segment display.

Figure-3(b) circuit diagram for receiver side

Figure-4 (a)-two pair of sensor placed

WORKING
The output from sensor in encoded by using ENCODER(HT12E).It has a transmission enable pin which is ACTIVE LOW .When a trigger signal is received on TE pin, the programmed address/data are transmitted together with the header bits via an RF or an infrared transmission medium.HT12E begins a 4word transmission cycle upon receipt of a transmission enable. This cycle is repeated as long as TE is kept low. As soon as TE returns to high, the encoder output completes its final cycle and then stops. The signal is then transmitted using RF module. RF module comprises of an RF Transmitter and an RF receiver.The transmitter/receiver(Tx/Rx) pair operates at a frequency of 434 MHz. I t is then received by using RF receiver which has the same frequency as that of transmitter.The received signal is decoded by using decoder,and then it is then made to display in a seven segment display.

Figure-4(b)-ball entering in to the hoop

The overall schematic diagram is shown in the figure-5

SYSTEM HARDWARE DESCRIPTION

Two pair of IR sensor is placed in the basket ball hoop as shown in figure-4(a).It senses the ball entering in to it as shown in the figure 4(b).Generally a constant analog voltage is produced .Whenever the ball enter in to the hoop, it senses the ball and the signal is encoded and then transmitted through RF transmitter and received by RF receiver at the same

Figure-5 overall schematic diagram

SIMULATION RESULTS
Display program was executed using MODEL SIM and it is implemented using Xilinx(Spartran-3E).Its simulation result and design summary of both are shown in the figure 6(a) and 6(b).

FPGA based multi-channel wireless sensor system has been presented. A novel approach has been developed to integrate sensors and RF communication channel on single FPGA chip. The main blocks of the FPGA transmitter side were designed to effectively handle the data flow and reduce sending any unnecessary information. In addition the system has been made adaptive to the sensors variations due to environmental factors.

REFERENCES
1. Arshak, K.; Jafer, E.; Ibala, C.S. FPGA Based System design suitable for Wireless Health Monitoring Employment Intelligent RF Module. This paper appears in: Sensors, 2007 IEEE, Atlanta, GA, and 17 December 2007. K. Arshak, E. Jafer, and C. Ibala, "Testing FPGA based digital system using XILINX ChipScope logic analyzer," presented at 29th International Spring Seminar on Electronics Technology (ISSE '06). S. Kartadinata, "The gluion advantages of an FPGA-based sensor interface " presented at the 2006 conference on New interfaces formusical expression Paris, France pp. 9396 2006.

Figure-6(a)-simulation result
2.

3.

Figure-6(b)-design summary

CONCLUSION
Technology is a way of organizing the universe so that man doesnt have to experience it. Thus, game study in advance of the play is an essential task for the coach and players. It is a growing trend to assist game study for intelligence collection in sports with computer technology. In this paper, the design of