1 Channel Element resource model

1.1 Number of users per site

If the number of users (simultaneously connected) per site is known the following
expression can be applied to calculate the number of channel elements needed:

=
=

i DL
i
i DL CE
i UL
i
i UL CE
N n
N n
, ,
, ,

where
N
i
is the number of currently connected users per site for service i.
I
i
is the channel element factor for service i.
1.2 Channel element cost model
Table 1 gives an example of channel element factors, showing the channel
element consumption for different services on different radio bearers. Please note
that this is an example and the cost-model may differ depending on Node B and
CE licensing.
Table 1. Example of channel element factors
Service
CE factor
I
UL
I
DL

AMR12.2 1 1
PS64 4 2
PS128 8 4
PS384 16 8
2 Examples
2.1 R99, only conversational traffic admitted in busy hour
2.1.1 Purpose
The purpose of this example is to show calculations for a mix of conversational
and R99 best effort traffic. This example assumes that only conversational traffic
is admitted in busy hour. This means a throughput degradation for best effort
traffic.
For simplicity there is only one type of conversational traffic (speech). This
example assumes maximum impact of Enhanced Soft Congestion, which means
that only 64 kbps radio bearers will be used for best effort traffic. Re-
transmissions are included in the best effort traffic. The grade of Service (GoS)
for conversational and best effort traffic is assumed to be 2%.
For simplicity complete partitioning is used, which gives an overestimation of the
required resources.
2.1.2 Traffic input
Table 2. Example 1: traffic input
Service RAB RB
Offered traffic per
site, A
Activity
factor
K
AF

SHO
factor

UL DL
Speech Speech 6 Erlang 6 Erlang - 0.3
R99 best effort
PS data
PS interactive
64, 128,
384
50MB 500 MB 0.7 0.3

2.1.3 Identifying the number of simultaneous users
Step 1: Converting best effort traffic to Erlang
A
64/64,UL
= ((5010000008)/3600)/(640000.7) = 2.5 Erlang
A
64/64,DL
= ((50010000008)/3600)/(640000.7) = 24.8 Erlang
Step 2: Max traffic
A
64/64
= max(24.8, 2.5) = 24.8 Erlang
Step 3: Soft handover factor
A
SHO,Speech
= 61,3 = 7.8 Erlang
A
SHO,64/64
= 24.81,3 = 32.2 Erlang
Step 4: Estimating the maximum number of simultaneous users from offered
traffic
M
Speech
= ErlangB(7.8, 0.02) = 14
2.1.4 Calculating number of CEs
Step 1a: Calculating n
CE,Peak
per service
n
CE,Speech,UL
= 141 = 14 CE
n
CE,Speech,DL
= 141 = 14 CE

Step 1b: Calculating total n
CE,Peak
for busy hour
n
CE,Peak,UL
= 14 + 0 = 14 CE
n
CE,Peak,DL
= 14 + 0 = 14 CE
Step 2: Calculating n
CE,AVE

n
CE,AVE,UL
= 7.81(10.02) = 7.6 CE
n
CE,AVE,DL
= 7.81(10.02) = 7.6 CE
Step 3: Calculating n
CE,BE

n
CE,BE,UL
= 32.24 = 128.8 CE
n
CE,BE,DL
= 32.22 = 64.4 CE
Step 4: Finding the total number of CEs required
n
CE,TOT,UL
= max(14, (7.6+128.8)) = 136.4 CE
n
CE,TOT,DL
= max(14, (7.6+64.4)) = 72 CE
2.2 R99, conversational and best effort traffic admitted in
busy hour
2.2.1 Purpose
The purpose of this example is to show calculations for a mix of conversational
and R99 best effort traffic on the site. This example assumes that conversational
as well as best effort traffic is admitted in busy hour. This gives no degradation of
the peak throughput for best effort traffic in busy hour, since no impact of
Enhanced Soft Congestion is assumed.
For simplicity there is only one type of conversational traffic (speech). Re-
transmission is included in the best effort traffic. Grade of Service (GoS) for
conversational and best effort traffic is assumed to be 2%.
For simplicity complete partitioning is used, which gives an overestimation of the
required resources.
2.2.2 Traffic input
Table 3. Example 2: traffic input
Service RAB RB
Traffic
distri-
bution
Offered traffic per
site, A
Activity
factor
K
AF

SHO
factor

UL DL
Speech Speech 6 Erlang 6 Erlang n/a 0.3
R99 best effort
PS data
PS
interactive
64/64 70% 50MB 500 MB 0.7 0.3
R99 best effort
PS data
PS
interactive
64/128 20% 50MB 500 MB 0.7 0.3
R99 best effort
PS data
PS
interactive
64/384
10%
50MB 500 MB 0.7 0.3

2.2.3 Identifying number of simultaneous users
Step 1: Converting best effort traffic to Erlang + best effort traffic
distribution
A
64/64,UL
= ((0.705010000008)/3600)/(640000.7) = 1.7 Erlang
A
64/128,UL
= ((0.205010000008)/3600)/(640000.7) = 0.5 Erlang
A
64/384,UL
= ((0.105010000008)/3600)/(640000.7) = 0.25 Erlang
A
64/64,DL
= ((0.7050010000008)/3600)/(640000.7) = 17.4 Erlang
A
64/128,DL
= ((0.2050010000008)/3600)/(1280000.7) = 2.5 Erlang
A
64/384,DL
= ((0.1050010000008)/3600)/(3840000.7) = 0.4 Erlang
Step 2: Max traffic
A
64/64
= max(17.4, 1.7) = 17.4 Erlang
A
64/128
= max(2.5, 0.5) = 2.5 Erlang
A
64/384
= max(0.4, 0.25) = 0.4 Erlang
Step 3: Soft handover factor
A
SHO,Speech
= 61,3 = 7.8 Erlang
A
SHO,64/64
= 17.41,3 = 22.6 Erlang
A
SHO,64/128
= 2.51,3 = 3.2 Erlang
A
SHO,64/384
= 0.41,3 = 0.5 Erlang
Step 4: Estimating the maximum number of simultaneous users from offered
traffic
M
Speech
= ErlangB(7.8, 0.02) = 14
M
64/64
= ErlangB(22.6, 0.02) = 31
M
64/128
= ErlangB(3.2, 0.02) = 8
M
64/384
= ErlangB(0.5, 0.02) = 3

2.2.4 Calculating number of CEs
Step 1a: Calculating n
CE,Peak
per service
n
CE,Speech,UL
= 141 = 14 CE
n
CE,Speech,DL
= 141 = 14 CE
n
CE,64/64,UL
= 314 = 124 CE
n
CE,64/64,DL
= 312 = 62 CE
n
CE,64/128,UL
= 84 = 32 CE
n
CE,64/128,DL
= 84 = 32 CE
n
CE,64/384,UL
= 34 = 12 CE
n
CE,64/384,DL
= 38 = 24 CE
Step 1b: Calculating total n
CE,Peak
for busy hour
n
CE,Peak,UL
= 14+124+32+12 = 182 CE
n
CE,Peak,DL
= 14+62+32+24 = 132 CE
Step 2: Calculating n
CE,AVE

n
CE,AVE,UL
= 7.81(10.02) = 7.6 CE
n
CE,AVE,DL
= 7.81(10.02) = 7.6 CE
Step 3: Calculating n
CE,BE

n
CE,64/64,UL
= 22.64 = 90.4 CE
n
CE,64/64,DL
= 22.62 = 45.2 CE
n
CE,64/128,UL
= 3.24 = 12.8 CE
n
CE,64/128,DL
= 3.24 = 12.8 CE
n
CE,64/384,UL
= 0.54 = 2.0 CE
n
CE,64/384,DL
= 0.58 = 4.0 CE
Step 4: Finding the total number of CEs required
n
CE,TOT,UL
= max(182, (7,6+90.4+12.8+2.0)) = 182 CE
n
CE,TOT,DL
= max(132, (7,6+45.2+12.8+4.0)) = 132 CE
2.3 R99 + HSPA, only conversational traffic admitted in
busy hour
2.3.1 Purpose
The purpose of this example is to show CE calculations for HSPA. For simplicity
it is assumed that there is no R99 best effort traffic on the site. UL E-DCH traffic
has not been specified. This example assumes that only conversational traffic is
admitted in busy hour. This gives a throughput degradation for best effort traffic
in busy hour. The example assumes no impact of Enhanced Soft Congestion.
2.3.2 Traffic input
Table 4. Example 1: traffic input
Service RAB RB
Traffic
distri-
bution
Offered traffic per
site, A
Activity
factor
K
AF

SHO
factor

UL DL
Speech Speech 6 Erlang 6 Erlang n/a 0.3
R99 best effort
PS data
PS
interactive
64/HS 60% 50MB 500 MB 0.7 0.3
R99 best effort
PS data
PS
interactive
384/HS 15% 50MB 500 MB 0.7 0.3
R99 best effort
PS data
PS
interactive
EUL/HS
25%
50MB 500 MB 0.7 0.3
HS target rate 500 kbps
EUL target rate 128 kbps (8CE)
Reservation of CE for EUL SHO 128 kbps (8CE)

2.3.3 Identifying the number of simultaneous users
Step 1: Converting best effort traffic to Erlang
A
DL,HS
= ((50010000008)/3600)/(5000000.7) = 3.2 Erlang
Step 2: UL A-DCH & EUL traffic distribution
A
64HS,UL
= 0.750.83.2 = 1.9 Erlang
A
384HS,UL
= 0.750.23.2 = 0.5 Erlang
A
EUL
= 0.253.2 = 0.8 Erlang
Step 3: Soft handover factor
A
SHO,Speech
= 61.3 = 7.8 Erlang
A
64HS,UL
= 1.31.9 = 2.5 Erlang
A
384HS,UL
= 1.30.5 = 0.65 Erlang
A
EUL,Serving
= 10.8 = 0.8 Erlang
A
EUL,nonServing
= 0,30.8 = 0.24 Erlang
Step 4: Estimating the maximum number of simultaneous users from offered
traffic
M
Speech
= ErlangB(7.8, 0.02) = 14
M
64HS,UL
= ErlangB(2.5, 0.02) = 7
M
384HS,UL
= ErlangB(0.65, 0.02) = 4
M
EUL,Serving
= ErlangB(0.8, 0.02) = 4
M
EUL,nonServing
= ErlangB(0.24, 0.02) = 3

2.3.4 Calculating number of CEs
Step 1a: Calculating n
CE,Peak
per service
n
CE,Speech,UL
= 141 = 14 CE
n
CE,Speech,DL
= 141 = 14 CE
Step 1b: Calculating total n
CE,Peak
for busy hour
n
CE,Peak,UL
= 14+0 = 14 CE
n
CE,Peak,DL
= 14+0 = 14 CE
Step 2: Calculating n
CE,AVE

n
CE,AVE,UL
= 7.81(10.02) = 7.6 CE
n
CE,AVE,DL
= 7.81(10.02) = 7.6 CE
Step 3: Calculating n
CE,BE

n
CE,64HS,UL
= 2.54 = 10
n
CE,384,UL
= 0,6516 = 10.4
n
CE,EUL,Serving
= 0,88 = 6.4
n
CE,EUL,nonServing
= 0,258 = 2
Step 4: Finding the total number of CEs required
n
CE,TOT,UL
= max(14, (7,6+10+10.4+6.4+2)) = 36.4 CE
n
CE,TOT,DL
= max(14, (7,6+0)) = 14 CE