Contents

Preface .....................................................................................................................................................

vii

1 The History of Soaps and Detergents

Luis Spitz ...............................................................................................................................................

2 Implications of Soap Structure for Formulation and User Properties

Norman Hall.........................................................................................................

.........................

83

3 Soap Structure and Phase Behavior

Michael Hill and Teanoosh Moaddel ....................................................................................................

1 15

4 Formulation of Traditional Soap Cleansing Systems

Edmund D. George and David/. Raymond ......................................................................................... 135

5 Chemistry, Formulation, and Performance of Syndet and Combo Bars
Marcel Friedman................................................................................................................................ 153
6 Transparent and Translucent Soaps
Zanoosh Moaddel and Michael I. Hill.,.............................................................
.................. 191
7 Kettle Saponification: Computer Modeling, Latest Trends, and Innovations
Joseph A. Serdzkowski ........................................................................................................................ 203
8 Continuous Saponification and Neutralization Systems
Timothy Kelly .....................................................................................................................................
223
9 &mi-Boiled Soap Production Systems
Boris Radic and Luis Spitz ...........................................................................
.............................. 249
10 Soap Drying Systems
Luis Spitz and Roberto Ferrari............................................................................................................
267
11 Bar Soap Finishing
Luis Spitz ..........................................................................................................................................
303
12 Manufacture of Multicolored and Multicomponent Soaps
Luis Spitz ..........................................................................................................................................
349
13 Soap Making Raw Materials: Their Sources, Specifications, Markets, and Handling
MichaelA. B r i m .............................................................................................................................. 377
14 Analysis of Soap and Related Materials
'IhomasE. Wood................................................................................................................................
399
15 Soap Bar Performance Evaluation Methods
Yury Yarovoy and Albert/. Post .........................................................................................................
. 4 17
16 Soap Calculations, Glossary, and Fats, Oils, and Fatty Acid Specifications
Luis Spitz .......................................................................................................................................... 437
Index ....................................................................................................................................................

. 457