BASIC ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING FORMULAS

BASIC ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT FORMULAS

CIRCUIT ELEMENT RESISTANCE INDUCTANCE IMPEDANCE VOLT-AMP EQUATIONS RMS values for sinusoidal signals Vrms=IrmsR Vrms=Irms2fL Vrms=Irms/(2fC) absolute complex instantaneous value form values R 2fL R jL 1/jC v=iR v=Ldi/dt i=Cdv/dt ENERGY (dissipated on R or stored in L, C) E=Irms2Rt E=Li2/2 E=Cv2/2

CAPACITANCE 1/(2fC)

Notes: R- electrical resistance in ohms, L- inductance in henrys, C- capacitance in farads, f - frequency in hertz, t- time in seconds, 3.14159; =2f - angular frequency; j - imaginary unit ( j2=-1 )

BASIC ELECTRICAL THEOREMS AND CIRCUIT ANALYSIS LAWS LAW DEFINITION RELATIONSHIP Lorentz force law, Faraday's law and Drude model Conservation of electric charge Conservation of energy =Z, where and - voltage and Ohm's Law modified current phasors, Z - complex for AC circuits with impedance sinusoidal signals (for resistive circuits: u=Ri ) Kirchhoff's Current Law (KCL) Kirchhoff's Voltage Law (KVL) The sum of electric currents which flow into any junction in an electric circuit is equal to the sum of currents which flow out The sum of the electrical voltages around a closed circuit must be zero

EQUATIONS FOR SERIES AND PARALLEL CONNECTIONS

CIRCUIT ELEMENT SERIES CONNECTION Rseries= R1+R2+... PARALLEL CONNECTION Rparallel= 1/ (1/R1+1/R2+...)

RESISTANCE

INDUCTANCE

Lseries= L1+L2+...

Lparallel= 1/(1/L1+1/L2+...)

CAPACITANCE

Cseries= 1/ (1/C1+1/C2+...)

Cparallel= C1+C2+...

RLC IMPEDANCE FORMULAS

CIRCUIT CONNECTION COMPLEX FORM Z=R+jL+1/jC Series ABSOLUTE VALUE

Z= 1/(1/R+1/jL+jC) Parallel

MAGNETIC FIELD UNITS AND EQUATIONS

SYMBOL CGS UNIT CGS EQUATION CONVERSION FACTOR

QUANTITY

SI UNIT

SI EQUATION

Magnetic induction Magnetic field strength Magnetic flux

B H

tesla (T) ampere/ meter (A/m) weber (Wb)

B=o(H+M)

Gauss (G)

B = H+4M H = 0.4NI/lc (lc - magnetic path, cm)

1T= 104 G 1 A/m = 4 10-3 Oe 1 Wb = 108 M

H = NI/lc Oersted ( lc - magnetic (Oe) path, m) = BAc (Ac - area, m2 ) M=m/V (m- total magnetic moment, V- volume, m3 ) o= 410-7

Maxwell = BAc (M) (Ac - area, cm2 ) M=m/V (m- total magnetic moment, V- volume, cm3 ) L= =0.4N2Ac/lc 10-8 (N- turns, Ac-area, cm2, lc - magnetic path, cm) V= -10-8 Nd/dt (N- turns)

Magnetization

ampere/ meter (A/m)

emu/cm

1 A/m = 10-3 emu / cm3

Magnetic permeability of vacuum

newton/ ampere2

410-7

Inductance

henry

L=oN2Ac/lc (N- turns, Ac- area, m2, lc - magnetic path, m) V= -Nd/dt (N- turns)

henry

Emf (voltage)

volt

volt

MAXWELL'S EQUATIONS IN FREE SPACE (IN SI UNITS)

LAW DIFFERENTIAL FORM INTEGRAL FORM

Gauss' law for electricity Gauss' law for magnetism Faraday's law of induction Ampere's law

NOTES: E - electric field, - charge density, 0 8.8510-12 - electric permittivity of free space, 3.14159, k - Boltzmann's constant, q - charge, B - magnetic induction, - magnetic flux, J - current density, i - electric current, c 299 792 458 m/s - the speed of light, 0 = 410-7 - magnetic permeability of free space, - del operator (if V is a vector function, then . V - divergence of V, V - the curl of V).

For more reference info see EE Information Online 2009 Lazar Rozenblat SMPS Power Supply Guide ( http://www.smps.us/ ) - tutorials, electronics reference, formulas, schematics.

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