JPN Pahang Chapter 2: Force and Motion

Physics Enrichment Module

0BJECTIVE ANSWER 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 STRUCTURE QUESTION 1 (a) (b) (c) (d) (i) (ii) Momentum Kinetic energy (60)(20) + (70)(20) = (60 + 70)(V) V = 17.31 m s-1 Principle of Conservation of Momentum In the absence of external forces, the total momentum of a system remains unchange 1M 1M 1M 1M 1M 1M 6M 1 1 1 1 1 1 A B C B A A B A B B 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 A D A D A A C B B C

2 a) b) c) i) ii) Total

Elastic Potential Energy Kinetic Energy Nearer ( 10 ) ( 20 x 10-2 ) 1.0 J mv2 = 1.0 J v = 10 m/s

2(a)

(i) (ii)

(b)

State the meaning of acceleration correctly - Rate of change of velocity Mark the point correctly - X at the point (5, 30) Show the substitution correctly (10 + 30) 2 Answer with correct unit 1

1 1 1

JPN Pahang Chapter 2: Force and Motion

Physics Enrichment Module

(c)

40 m Sketch the graph correctly - Curve of the same shape but higher gradient (i) (ii) bend his knee prolong time of impact . to prevent his knee injured F = mv/t , 60 x 5/ 3 300/3 100 N

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

4a) (b)

ESSAY QUESTION 1(a)(i) (a)(ii) Mass x velocity //product of mass & velocity Diagram 1.1 time for change of momentum is shorter Diagram 1.2 time for change of momentum is longer. Rate of change of momentum produces impulsive force. Both diagram have same impulsive force//change of momentum is same Time for change of momentum is longer so the impulsive force is smaller // vice versa Impulsive force Thai boxer Without wearing boxing gloves, the time for change of momentum is shorter. The impulsive force is larger 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

(a)(iii) (b)

(c)(i Reinforced passenger compartment Crumple zone

Crumple zone characteristics Reinforced passenger compartment explanation The passenger should remain intact during a collision. It is made of high tensile strength steel that is able to withstand large forces

JPN Pahang Chapter 2: Force and Motion

Physics Enrichment Module

Crumple zones These are specific points at the front and back portion of the car that are made to crumple progressively Safety belt airbag Shatter roof windscreen. Narrower at the front shape

Lengthen the time of collision, hence reduces the impulsive force on the bus. Prevent passenger from jerking forward when the bus stop suddently Lengthen the time of collision Break into small pieces with blunt edges. To decrease air friction 20

By high strength and high To deceases the fusibilities to rigidity of material become dented Maxcimum 10 marks 2(a) The rate of change momentum. (b) 1. High velocity momentum is bigger/ 2. Momentum depend mass and velocity / 3. When it suddenly stop in a crash , the bikers move forward and injuries./ 4. Impulsive force 1/(time of impact) , F 1/t./ 5. Increases the time of impact./ 6. Helmet - to protect the head / 7. Jacket - to protect the body from injuries, cuts, burn etc/ 8. Gloves to protect the hand * Any four points above (c) Specification Reason
With ABS Bigger with of tyre Motorcycle does not stop immediately/ can be controlled if direction changes/ does not move side ways / more friction with ABS. Bigger surface area, better support / low pressure acts on the tyres/ more friction when breaks.

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Smaller mass
Lower seat height Choose racing bike c

Lighter, can move faster / low inertia.

Lower centre of gravity/ more stable/ safer when turn. It has ABD, bigger width of tyre, smaller mass, lowest seat height.

10

(d)(i) V = 160 x1000 = 44.4 ms-1

a=

vu t 44.4 0 = 10

60 x 60

JPN Pahang Chapter 2: Force and Motion

Physics Enrichment Module

= 4.44 ms-2

(ii) F = ma

= (202)(4.44) = 896.88 N.

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PRACTICAL QUESTION

2 (a)

Draw the interpolation line from t = 3.8 s to the curve and from the curve to the v - axis State the correct value of v 28 m s
1

1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 3

(b)

Draw the horizontal line v = 51 to the v - axis State the correct value of the terminal velocity

(c)

(d)

(i)

51 m s1 State how the acceleration initially changes with time The acceleration decreases as time increases State how the acceleration subsequently changes with time The acceleration becomes zero Draw a tangent to the curve correctly at t = 6 s Construct a sufficiently large triangle using the tangent drawn Make the correct substitution 56 20 10.6 1.0 State the correct value with unit 3.75 m s2 Make correct substitution 0.20 x 3.75 State correct answer with unit 0.75 N

4 1 2

(ii)

JPN Pahang Chapter 2: Force and Motion

Physics Enrichment Module

3 (a) (b) (c) (i) (ii)

State a suitable inference The force applied affects the acceleration of an object. State a relevant hypothesis The greater the force, the greater the acceleration Describe a complete and suitable experimental framework State the aim of experiment To investigate the relationship between the force and acceleration of a trolley State the manipulated variable and the responding variable Manipulated variable : Force Responding variable : Acceleration 1 1 1 1 1

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States the constant variable Fixed variable : Mass of the trolley (iii) List out the important apparatus and materials Trolley, 5 rubber bands, friction compensated track, ticker timer, ticker tape, a.c. power supply, ruler (iv) State a functionable arrangement of the apparatus Ticker tape timer Ticker tape Trolle y Rubber band Pull

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Track

State the method of controlling the manipulated variable The ticker timer was switched on and the trolley pulled by 1 rubber band stretched to a certain length. (vi) State the method of measuring the responding variable The acceleration of the trolley was calculated from the ticker tape obtained (v)

JPN Pahang Chapter 2: Force and Motion

Physics Enrichment Module

(vii) State how the procedure is repeated to obtain at least 5 sets of results Steps 5 and 6 were repeated with 2, 3, 4 and 5 rubber bands stretched to the same length (viii) Tabulate the data Force, F /Number of Acceleration, a / cm s 2 rubber bands 1 2 3 4 5 State how data will be analysed The graph of acceleration, a against force, F was drawn.

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(ix)