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Group No. 1 Members: Acuna, Bettina Maria Q. Aguinaldo, Enrico Joseph C. Arceo, Alyanna Patrice L.

Section: 2G-Pharmacy Date Performed: January 7, 2012 Date Submitted: January 21, 2012 *Asinas, Jasmine Grace C. Bello, Sigrid Jessa R. Bisquera, Lorenzo V.

EXPERIMENT 4 RESULTANT AND EQUILIBRANT FORCES Abstract: When two or more forces act at or on a point it is useful to be able to change these forces and show how they could be replaced with a single force that acts in the same way. This force is called the resultant force. The force that would be applied to stabilize the system (by acting against and cancelling out the two or more forces) is called equilibrant force. A force table was used to determine experimentally the resultant forces of vectors. Forces were applied to the central ring (washer) by means of strings (yarn) running over pulleys and attached to weight hangers. Different hangers were used to vary the magnitude of a force and the direction was varied by moving the pulley. The experimental results were then compared to the results obtained after calculating the magnitude and direction using component method. 1. Differentiate the resultant and equilibrant of two forces. The resultant is a trigonometric function, usually using the Law of Cosines in two dimensional solution by vector resolution, of two or more known forces while equilibrant is equal in magnitude to the resultant, it is in the opposite direction because it balances the resultant. Therefore, the equilibrant is the negative of the resultant. 2. If three concurrent forces are in equilibrium, what is the relation between any one of the three forces and the resultant of the other two forces? When three forces are concurrent, the three concurrent forces F1, F2 and F3 are acting on a body at a point and the body in equilibrium. The resultant of F1 and F2 is given by R. If the force F3 is collinear, equal and opposite to the resultant R, then the body will be in equilibrium. The force F3 which is equal and opposite to the resultant R is known as equilibrant. Hence for three concurrent forces acting on a body when the body is in equilibrium, the resultant of the two forces should be equal and opposite to the third force. 3. If two forces with the same magnitude were exactly in opposite directions, what is the magnitude and direction of their resultant? What is the magnitude and direction of their equilibrium? The magnitude of the resultant force as well as the equilibrant force is zero with no direction. The resultant and the equilibrant are the zero vectors.

4. Use the component method to find the magnitude and direction of the resultant of the concurrent forces given below: A= 2000 N at 0 B= 1500 N at 60 D= 1000 N at 150 E= 3800 N at 225 Magnitude F1 F2 F3 F4 2000 N 1500 N 1000 N 3800 N Direction 0 60 150 225 Horizontal Component X 2000 750 -866.03 -2687.01

Vertical Component Y 0 1299.04 500 -2687.01

RESULTANT FORCE MAGNITUDE DIRECTION

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5. A body weighing 100 N is suspended by a rope. A second rope attached to the body is drawn aside horizontally until the suspended rope makes an angle of 30 with the vertical. Find the tension in each rope. Illustration: 30 + 30 = 180 =150 = 0 T1 T2

T1 = T1 =

W = 100 N
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T2 = T2 =

T1 = 200 N

T2 = 173.21 N

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