Laboratory and Diagnostic Examination Results Date September 13, 2011 Procedure Hematology Hemoglobin Normal 135-195 Results

130 g/L Interpretation Analysis

Deviation from Can be due to normal anemia, recent hemorrhage or fluid retention. PPDs Nursing Drug Guide 2nd edition page 630 Deviation from Decreased in blood normal loss, over hydration, dietary deficiency and anemia. Fundamentals of Nursing 8th edition Volume 2 by kozier and Erbs page 800. Deviation from Decreased in normal anemia, in leukemia and after hemorrhage when blood volume has been stored Medical-Surgical Nursing 12th edition volume 1 by Brunner and Suddarths page 2212 Deviation from Increased in normal macrocytic anemias Medical-Surgical Nursing 12th edition volume 1 by Brunner and Suddarths page 2212

Hematocrit

0.44-0.64

0.376 g/L

Erythrocyte

4.0-6.0

3.74 x 10 12/L

Mean Corpuscular volume (MCV)

80-100

101 fL

Mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH)

27.00-32.00

34.7 pg

Deviation from Increased in normal macrocytic anemias Medical-Surgical Nursing 12th edition volume 1 by Brunner and Suddarths page 2212 Normal Decreased in iron deficiency anemia Fundamentals of Nursing 8th edition Volume 2 by kozier and Erbs page 800

Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC)

32.0-36.0

34.4 g/L

Leukocytes

10.0-26.0

21.8 x 10 9/L Normal

Leukocyte differential count Neutrophils 0.35-0.65 0.51 % Normal

Leukopenia, decreased WBCs, occurs early and may be followed by a rebound leukocytosis reflecting rapid production of immature WBCs. Nursing care plans 8th edition by Doenges, Murr and Moorhouse page 689 Can be increased in acute infections and decreased in viral infections Medical-Surgical Nursing 12th edition volume 1 by Brunner and Suddarths page 2213 Can be increased in

Eosinophils

0.00-0.05

0.01 %

Normal

asthma, hay fever, parasitic infections, chronic mylocytic leulemia and decreased in cushings syndrome PPDs Nursing Drug Guide 2nd edition page 630 Basophils 0.00-0.01 0.00 % Normal Can be increased in chronic myelocytic leukemia, hodgkins disease, ulcerative colitis and decrease in hyperthyroidism. PPDs Nursing Drug Guide 2nd edition page 630

Monocytes

0.00-0.06

0.10 %

Deviation from Increased in viral normal infection and parasitic disease Medical-Surgical Nursing 12th edition volume 1 by Brunner and Suddarths page 2213 Normal It increased with infectious mononucleosis, viral and some bacterial infections Medical-Surgical Nursing 12th edition volume 1 by Brunner and Suddarths page 2213

Lymphocytes

0.20-0.40

0.36 %

Platelet

150-500

825.00 x 10 9/L

Deviation from Platelets play an normal important role in blood coagulation

and hemostasis that is often altered by sepsis. Platelets may be elevated initially as an acute phase reactant, but are decreased in later stage. Nursing care plans 8th edition by Doenges, Murr and Moorhouse page 689 Mean Platelet Volume September 19, 2011 Hematology Hemoglobin 135-195 144 g/L Normal Can be increased in polycythemia and dehydration. Decreased in anemia, recent hemorrhage or fluid retention. PPDs Nursing Drug Guide 2nd edition page 630 6.0-11.0 7.55 fL Normal

Hematocrit

0.44-0.64

0.420 g/L

Deviation from Decreased in blood normal loss, over hydration, dietary deficiency and anemia. Fundamentals of Nursing 8th edition Volume 2 by kozier and Erbs page 800. Normal Decreased in anemia, in leukemia and after hemorrhage when blood volume has been stored.

Erythrocyte

4.0-6.0

4.26 x 10 12/L

Increased in severe diarrhea and dehydration. Medical-Surgical Nursing 12th edition volume 1 by Brunner and Suddarths page 2212 Mean Corpuscular volume (MCV) 80-100 99 fL Normal Increased in macrocytic anemias and decreased in microcytic anemia Medical-Surgical Nursing 12th edition volume 1 by Brunner and Suddarths page 2212

Mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH)

27.00-32.00

33.8 pg

Deviation from Increased in normal macrocytic anemias Medical-Surgical Nursing 12th edition volume 1 by Brunner and Suddarths page 2212 Normal Decreased in iron deficiency anemia Fundamentals of Nursing 8th edition Volume 2 by kozier and Erbs page 800 Leukopenia, decreased WBCs, occurs early and may be followed by a rebound leukocytosis reflecting rapid

Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC)

32.0-36.0

34.3 g/L

Leukocytes

10.0-26.0

13.1 x 10 9/L Normal

Leukocyte differential count Neutrophils 0.35-0.65 0.14 %

production of immature WBCs. Nursing care plans 8th edition by Doenges, Murr and Moorhouse page 689 Deviation from decreased in viral Normal infections Medical-Surgical Nursing 12th edition volume 1 by Brunner and Suddarths page 2213 Normal Can be increased in asthma, hay fever, parasitic infections, chronic mylocytic leulemia and decreased in cushings syndrome PPDs Nursing Drug Guide 2nd edition page 630 Can be increased in chronic myelocytic leukemia, 6odgkins disease, ulcerative colitis and decrease in hyperthyroidism. PPDs Nursing Drug Guide 2nd edition page 630

Eosinophils

0.00-0.05

0.05 %

Basophils

0.00-0.01

0.00 %

Normal

Monocytes

0.00-0.06

0.14 %

Deviation from Increased in viral normal infection and parasitic disease Medical-Surgical Nursing 12th edition volume 1 by Brunner and

Suddarths page 2213 Lymphocytes 0.20-0.40 0.67 % Deviation from It increased with Normal infectious mononucleosis, viral and some bacterial infections Medical-Surgical Nursing 12th edition volume 1 by Brunner and Suddarths page 2213 Deviation from Platelets play an normal important role in blood coagulation and hemostasis that is often altered by sepsis. Platelets may be elevated initially as an acute phase reactant, but are decreased in later stage. Nursing care plans 8th edition by Doenges, Murr and Moorhouse page 689 Normal

Platelet

150-500

751.00 x 10 9/L

Mean Platelet Volume September 19, 2011 Clinical microscopy Physical Examination Color

6.0-11.0

7.30 fL

Straw to dark yellow

Light yellow

Normal

Color change due to diet, drugs or disease. PPDs Nursing Drug Guide 2nd edition page 633

Transparency

Clear

Clear

Normal

Turbidity-infection of urinary tract PPDs Nursing Drug Guide 2nd edition page 633

pH

4.6-6.5

7.5

Deviation from Can be due to normal fanconis syndrome or UTI PPDs Nursing Drug Guide 2nd edition page 633 1.005 Normal Increased in nephrotic syndrome and decreased in diabetes insipidus, acute tubular necrosis. PPDs Nursing Drug Guide 2nd edition page 633 Ca oxalate crystalshypercalcemia Cystine crystalsinborn error of metabolism PPDs Nursing Drug Guide 2nd edition page 633

Specific gravity

Infant: 1.002-1.006

Microscopic Examination Crystals Present: Acidic: uric acid, ca oxalate, amorphous urate Alkaline: triple phosphate, ammonium biurate, amorphous phosphate Male-0 hpf Few amorphous phosphate and mucus threads Normal

Erythrocytes

Normal

Trauma, tumors PPDs Nursing Drug Guide 2nd edition page 633 Increased in infection PPDs Nursing

Leukocytes

Male: 0-2 hpf

0-2 hpf

Normal

Chemical Urobilinogen 0.1-1 Erlich units/100 mL Normal Normal

Drug Guide 2nd edition page 633 Increased in liver damage, haemolytic disease and severe infection. Decreased in biliary obstruction blood cells bleeding in UTI/inflammation PPDs Nursing Drug Guide 2nd edition page 633 If presentproteinuria, renal failure, myeloma and pre-eclampsia PPDs Nursing Drug Guide 2nd edition page 633 Present in bleeding in UTI/inflammation PPDs Nursing Drug Guide 2nd edition page 633

Protein

None

Negative

Normal

Nitrate

none

negative

Normal

September 19, 2011

Serology C- reactive protein

0-6 mg/L

24 mg/L

Deviation from CRP is release by normal the liver in response to the proinflammatory cytokines and is thought to recruit monocytes in early infection. Elevated levels may have a role in monitoring response to

treatment. Indicator of inflammation Nursing care plans 8th edition by Doenges, Murr and Moorhouse page 689