Leadership for Better Result @ UET

Dr Ali Sajid,
Alisajid61@yahoo.com

A good leader is a person who takes a little more than his share of the blame and a little less than his share of the credit. John C. Maxwell

No man will make a great leader who wants to do it all himself, or to get all the credit for doing it. Andrew Carnegie

If you command wisely, you'll be obeyed cheerfully. Thomas Fuller, M. D.

One of the true tests of leadership is the ability to recognise a problem before it becomes an emergency. Arnold H. Glasow

The ultimate leader is one who is willing to develop people to the point that they surpass him or her in knowledge and ability. Fred A. Manske, Jr.

If one branch doesn't move, the many branches won't stir. (If someone does not lead, no-one will follow.) Chinese Proverb

Leadership is a potent combination of strategy and character. But if you must be without one, be without the strategy. General H. Norman Schwarzkopf

The very essence of leadership is that you have to have a vision. Theodore Hesburgh

No amount of study or learning will make a man a leader unless he has the natural qualities of one. Archibald Wavell, "London Times", 17 February, 1941

The leader is a teacher who succeeds without taking credit. And, because credit is not taken, credit is received. Lao Tzu, 6th Century BC

Leaders manage the dream. All leaders have the capacity to create a compelling vision, one that takes people to a new place, and then to translate that vision into reality. Warren Bennis

The first responsibility of a leader is to define reality. The last is to say thank you. Max DePree

The role of the leader is to foster mutual respect and build a complementary team where each strength is made productive and each weakness irrelevant. Stephen Covey

The essence of leadership is the capacity to build and develop the self-esteem of the workers. Irwin Federman

People buy into the leader before they buy into the vision. John C. Maxwell

Leaders need to strike a balance between action and patience. Doug Smith

Management is efficiency in climbing the ladder of success, leadership determines whether the ladder is leaning against the right wall. Stephen Covey

To get a feel for the true essence of leadership, assume everyone who works for you is a volunteer. Kouzes and Posner

The mediocre leader tells. The good leader explains. The superior leader demonstrates. The great leader inspires. Buchholz and Roth

You do not lead by hitting people over the head - that's assault, not leadership. Dwight D. Eisenhower

The level of morale is a good barometer of how each of your people is experiencing your leadership. Danny Cox

Effective team leaders realise they neither know all the answers, nor can they succeed without the other members of the team. Katzenbach & Smith

Communicate everything to your associates. The more they know, the more they care. Once they care, there is no stopping them. Sam Walton

Your very best people will respond to what you actually do, what you evidently measure, and what you openly reward every single time. Betsy Sanders

Coaching is unlocking a person's potential to maximise their own performance. It is helping them to learn rather than teaching them. John Whitmore

If you want someone to develop a specific trait, treat them as though they already had it. Goethe

Managers control. Leaders create commitment. Jonh Zenger

If he works for you, you work for him. Japanese Proverb

Never tell people how to do things. Tell them what to do and they will surprise you with their ingenuity. General Patton

Leadership: The art of getting someone else to do something you want done because he wants to do it. Dwight D. Eisenhower

Dont curse the darkness light a candle

Chinese Proverb

When people care deeply about their work, they dont need to be pushed into performing at their best.

Start viewing the probable as possible. You'll be surprised at what you can accomplish.

 When person does good deed When he or she didnt have to, God looks down & smiles & says for this moment alone it was worth creating world

He who wants something he never had, will have to do something that he has never done

If you want to build a ship, dont drum up the men to go to the forest to gather wood, saw it, and nail the planks together. Instead, teach them the desire for the sea.
Antoine de Saint-Exupery

 If your vision is for a year,

Plant wheat.

If your Vision is for a decade, Plant trees. If Your vision is for a lifetime, Plant people.
Chinese Proverb

Integrity
"Integrity without knowledge is weak and useless, & knowledge without integrity is dangerous and dreadful."
(Samuel Johnson 1709- 84)

Compassion

"Compassion is not weakness, And is concern for the unfortunate .. It is not socialism."

HUMAN SPIRIT "The workplace should primarily be an incubator for the Human Spirit."

Success
"Success is not the result of spontaneous combustion. You must set yourself on fire."

Trust is absolutely key to long-term success.

Jim Brke, Former Chairman & CEO Johnson & Johnson

Speed happens when People . . . Truly Trust Each Other.

- Edward Marshall

Mistrust Doubles Cost of Doing Business.

Professor John Whitney, Columbia Business School

Self-Trust is First Secret of Success . . . Essence of Heroism.

Ralph Waldo Emerson

Start viewing the probable as possible. You'll be surprised at what you can accomplish.

Passion
We may affirm absolutely that nothing great in the world has been accomplished without passion.
- Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

Leadership

I have this wonderful compass, which points to whatever I want, so for what do I need you? - Captain Jack Sparrow

There is nothing so practical as a good theory (Kurt Lewin)

Dr. Ali Sajid 52

EVERY THING THAT IS DONE IN THE WORLD IS DONE IN HOPE

MARTIN LAUTHER
Dr. Ali Sajid 53

Vision without Action is A Dream

Action Without Vision is An Activity

Dr. Ali Sajid

54

Minds are like Parachutes They work only when they are OPEN
Dr. Ali Sajid 55

All models are wrong, some models are useful.

(George Box)

Dr. Ali Sajid

56

 When person does good deed When he or she didnt have to, God looks down & smiles & says for this moment alone it was worth creating world

Day Dreamer

All men dream; but not equally. Those who dream by night in dusty recesses of their minds Awake to find that it was vanity; But dreamers of day are dangerous men That they may act their dreams with open eyes to make it possible

There are no shortcuts to any place worth going

If you want to build a ship, dont drum up the men to go to the forest to gather wood, saw it, and nail the planks together. Instead, teach them the desire for the sea.
Antoine de Saint-Exupery

What is Leadership?

Leadership, like swimming, cannot be learnt by reading about it

Henry Mintzberg

Source: The 60 Second Leader

Start Thinking Like Leader?

What will be Your Step for being Excellent Leader?

Who Is A Leader?

Leader

The Person exerting the Influence

What is Leadership ?

Leadership - is the art or process of influencing people so that they will strive willingly and enthusiastically toward the achievement of group goals

Conditions for Leadership

Someone willing to LEAD

Someone willing to FOLLOW

Process of influencing followers

through persuasion, not coercion To support & contribute to the realization of the leaders & groups vision of the organizations future.

 Leaders act to help group to achieve objectives with Maximum Application of its Capabilities. They do not stand behind group to push; they place themselves before group as they Facilitate Progress & Inspire Group to accomplish organizational goals.

Some Facts About Leadership

People obey dictators out of fear, not out of respect. People do not fear real leaders, they respect them. Power & Prestige come from respect, a leader has to earn respect
-KIM WOO-CHONG

Leadership?
Empowers, Motivates & organizes people to achieve a common objective, & provides moral guidance. Service to the people & a vision for the future.

A leader is a dealer in hope.

Napoleon

LEADERS SEE CUPS AS HALF FULL.

What is Leadership?
The Process where a person Inspires, Motivates, & Directs their activities to achieve goals Effective Leadership increases the Organization's ability to meet New Challenges

True Leaders
Facilitate Progress, to accomplish, Organizational Goals
Mike Hungerford

961

Leadership
Leadership is the ability to inspire people to make a total, willing, and voluntary commitment to accomplishing or exceeding organizational goals. A great leader is one who has vision, perseverance, and the capacity to inspire others, Cynthia Trudell,
president of Sea Ray Group

971

Leadership?

Empowers,& Organizes people to achieve a

Common Objective, & Provides Moral Guidance. Service to the People & a Vision for the future.

981

1-23

Qualities of a Leader
Emotional stability Dominance Enthusiasm Tough-mindedness Self-assurance Maturity Charisma Adaptability Consideration

991

Leadership Element Function Mastery

1. Proficiency in area of responsibility gives respect of subordinates. 2. Respected member of established functional network good at networking. 3. Always looking for more effective way to perform assigned function. 4. Innovative 5. Willing to take risks to advance in the area of assigned function. 6. Knowledgeable abt corporate/org activities outside area of assigned function; knows how assigned function fits in to corporate whole.

1001

Leadership Element No. 3 Participative Mgt Style

1. Whatever possible, involve subordinates in corporate & departmental decisions. Seek involvement of suppliers & even customers in corporate activities whenever possible. Treat employees with dignity & respect. Delegate responsibility to lowest possible level. Seek to create sense of ownership.

6.

2.

7.

3. 4. 5.

8.

Maintain individual & team job discipline in org that is operationally empowered. Undertake job enrichment, both vertical & horizontal. Create teams, give them operating autonomy. Recognize that leaders role is to provide charters, resources, roadblock removal, & coaching.

Leadership Element No. 4 Good Organizer

Takes time up front to clearly understand customer requirements so that right thing is done right. 2. Creates charters that assign pieces of whole in ways that are optimally performable. 3. Clear decks for workforce action by ontime provision of effective processes, tools & resources, & by removing roadblocks.

4.

Works with adjacent functions to coordinate interface between functions. Respective outputs need to fit together. Create clear charters for suppliers; encourages team members to integrate suppliers into functional team. Coaches team members as they organize to undertake assigned task. Once team gets successful leader steps aside.

5.

6.

Leadership Element No. 5 Interpersonal & Inspirational

1. Celebrate workforce accomplishments at every opportunity. Take every opportunity to let rest of org know how excellent your subordinates are. Always give credit to workforce, never to yourself. Praise people whenever warranted. 5. Create environment that: a) causes people to be proud to work be part of your org. b) Causes suppliers to be proud to be supporting your org. c) Causes customers to be willing to think of your org as sole source. d) Causes workers, suppliers & customers to continuously improve.

2.

3. 4.

New Leader Traps

Not learning quickly Isolation Know-it-all Keeping existing team Taking on too much

Captured by wrong people Successor syndrome

1041

Leadership Core Tasks

Create Momentum Master technologies of learning, visioning, and coalition building Manage oneself

1051

Seven Leadership Competencies

Drive Leadership motivation Integrity Self-confidence Intelligence Knowledge of the business Emotional intelligence
Courtesy of Kookmin Bank

1061

Some Facts About Leadership

People obey dictators out of fear, not out of respect. People do not fear real leaders, they respect them. Power & Prestige come from respect, a leader has to earn respect
-KIM WOO-CHONG

Leadership?
Empowers, Motivates & organizes people to achieve a common objective, & provides moral guidance. Service to the people & a vision for the future.

A leader is a dealer in hope.

Napoleon

LEADERS SEE CUPS AS HALF FULL.

Message: Leadership is all about love!

What Leadership isnt

Leadership is not:

a position
building a personality cult

being indispensable
about blaming others

Ingredients of Leadership
Ability to use power effectively and in a responsible manner Ability to comprehend - human beings different motivation forces at different times & different situations Ability to inspire Ability to act in a manner that will develop a climate conducive to responding to & arousing motivations

Leadership is Many Things!

Patient, usually boring coalition building

Altering agendas so that new priorities get enough attention

 Building a loyal team at the top that speaks more or less with one voice
Being visible when things are going bad, & invisible when they are working well Listening carefully much of the time, frequently speaking with encouragement, & reinforcing words with believable action Being tough when necessary

Leaders Task
Task of the leader is to get his people from where they are to where

they have not been.

Leaders must invoke an alchemy of Great Vision. Those leaders who do not - are ultimately judged failures, even though they

may be Popular at the Moment.

-Henry kissinger

Leadership Can Do?

Effective Leadership increases the firms ability to meet

New Challenges

Characteristics of a Leader
Be a critical thinker, not a yes person Be consistent and dependable Be humble and patient Be able to receive and offer constructive criticism

Be a tireless worker
Be a disciplined student Be persistent and consistent

Paradigm Has Shifted From Management to Leadership!

Some Common Mistakes People Make

Are Managers & the Leaders Same?

Managers Vs. Leaders

Manager is one who performs functions of mgt: planning, organizing directing, controlling, & position in organization.

Leader, is anyone how is able to influence others for pursuance of certain organizational goals.

Leadership Versus Management

Management ensures accomplishment of plans through controlling & problem solving Management. develops capacity to carry out plans through organizing & staffing.

Leadership aligns people work toward vision.

Leadership motivates & inspires people to accomplish plan.

Leadership Vs Management
Managers maintain Managers focus on systems & structure Managers rely on control

Leaders develop. Leaders people. focus on

Leaders inspire.

Mgr Characteristics Asks how & when Eye on the bottom line Imitates Classic good soldier

Leader Characteristics Asks what & why Eye on horizon Originates Own person

Managers Control People Control people & things through system Reward Conformance punish deviation Maintain status quo

Leaders Motivate People Develop peoples talents, control things with system Reward effort, skill development, & innovation; Empower employees Look to the future through continuous improvement

Basic Difference
Managers have as their goal to Do Things Right while leaders have

as their goal to
Do the Right Things

 Managers take short view Managers ask how & when Managers deal with status quo Mgr works around a mission

Long Perspective

Leaders ask what & why. Leaders challenge it. Leaders develops Vision

Managers prefer working with people;

Leaders stir emotion

-Abraham Zaleznick Business psychologist

THINGS ARE MANAGED, PEOPLE ARE LED

DEMING

Managers
Rational Problem Solver
concerned with procedures, functions, and
organizational objectives more formality power (authority) from above nothing to do with managers personality

Leaders
More Intuitive
primarily concerned with results more informal

care about followers objectives

power from below - (not part of the job)

Characteristics of Managers Vs Leaders in 21st Century

Manager Characteristics
Administers A copy Maintains Focuses on systems & structure Relies on control Short range view

Leader Characteristics
Innovates An original Develops Focuses on people

Inspires trust Long range perspective

Your cannot manage to win; Winners must be led.

Leadership: the process where a person exerts influence over others and inspires, motivates, and directs their activities to achieve goals Effective leadership increases the firms ability to meet new challenges Relationship Between Management & Leadership Leading is part of managing: If you cant influence & inspire people to work toward toward organizational goals, than all your organizing and planning will be for naught Management is part of leading: No matter how inspiring you may be, if you dont plan and organize so the workers have the necessary tools & skills to do the jobs and reward them accordingly, you will usually not succeed

Leadership in Technoservice & Other High Involvement Orgs

To be effective in such orgs, leaders must have Functional mastery Vision of corporate future. Participative mgt style Good organizer Interpersonal & inspirational

Likerts Four Systems of Mgt System 1: Exploitive-Authoritative, mgr highly autocratic, have little trust in subordinates, motivate people through fear punishment & only occasional rewards, engage in downward communication, & limit decision making top.

Likerts Four Systems of Mgt System 2: Benevolent-Authoritative, its mgrs have patronizing confidence & trust in subordinates, motivate with rewards & some fear & punishment, permit some upward communication, solicit some ideas & opinions from subordinates, & allow some delegation of decision making but with close policy control.

System 3: Consultative. substantial but not complete confidence & trust in subordinates, usually try make use subordinate s ideas & opinions, use rewards for motivation with occasional punishment & some participation Engage in communication flow both down & up, make broad policy & general decision made lower levels, & act consultatively in other ways.

 System 4: Participative-Group. give economic rewards on basis group participation & involvement in such areas setting goals & appraising progress toward goals. Engage in much communication down & up & with peers, encourage decision making throughout org, & operate among themselves & with their subordinates group.

Likerts Four Systems of Mgt

Those mgrs who applied system 4 approach their operations had greatest success leader.

Departments & companies managed system 4 approach were most effective in setting goals & achieving them & were generally more productive.

Likerts Four Systems of Mgt

Autocratic Leader

Follower

Follower

Follower

Flow Of Influence With Three Leadership Styles

Likerts Four Systems of Mgt

Democratic

or
Participative leader

Follower

Follower

Follower

Flow Of Influence With Three Leadership Styles

Likerts Four Systems of Mgt

Free-Rein Leader

Follower

Follower

Follower

Flow Of Influence With Three Leadership Styles

Leadership Grid
Leadership model that focuses on Task (production) & Employee (people) orientations of mgrs as well as combinations of concerns between two extremes.

Managerial Grid
Managerial grid useful device for identifying & classifying managerial styles, but it does not tell us why mgr falls into one part or another of grid.

Causes, such personality characteristics leader or followers, ability & training mgrs, enterprise environment, & other situational factors that influence how leaders & followers act.

The Managerial Grid

MANAGERIAL GRID
HIGH (1,9) Country Club Management (9,9) Team Management
9 Concern for people 6 7 8

(5,5) Middle of the Road Management AuthorityCompliance Management (9,1) 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Concern for production 9

4 2

Impoverished Management (1,1) 1

LOW

The Leadership Grid

(1,9) Management: Thoughtful attention to needs of people for satisfying relationship leads 9 to a comfortable, friendly organization atmosphere and work tempo. 8 (Country club management)
(9,9) Management: Work accomplished is from committed people; interdependence through a common stake in organization purpose leads to relationships of trust and respect. (Team management)

Concern for people

6
5 4

(5,5) Management: Adequate organization performance is possible through balancing the necessity to get out work with maintaining morale of people at a satisfactory level. (Middle of the road) (9,1) Management: Efficiency in operations results from arranging conditions of work in such a way that human elements interfere to a minimum degree. 6 7 (Task management) 9 8

3 (1,1) Management: Exertion of minimum effort to 2 get required work done is appropriate to sustain 1 organization membership. 4 3 1 2 (Impoverished management)

Concern for production

Managerial Grid
Concern for People

Degree of personal commitment towards goal achievement, maintenance of self-esteem of workers, placement of responsibility on basis trust rather than obedience, provision good working conditions, & maintenance satisfying interpersonal relations.

Concern for Production Attitudes of supervisor toward wide variety things, such quality policy decisions, procedures & processes, creativeness research, quality staff services, work efficiency, & volume output.

The Leadership Continuum Model

Used to determine which one of seven styles to select based on ones use of boss-centered versus subordinate centered leadership to meet the situation.

Leadership as Continuum
Adaptation leadership styles different contingencies. Leadership Continuum: leadership involving variety styles, ranging from highly boss-centered highly subordinatecentered. Styles vary with degree freedom leader or mgr grants subordinates. Thus, instead suggestion choice between two styles leadership-authoritarian or democratic-approach offers range styles, with no suggestion always right & another always wrong. Style leadership appropriate depends leader, followers, & situation.

Continuum of Leadership Behavior

Boss-centered Leadership
Use of authority by the manager

Subordinat e-centered Leadership

Area of freedom for subordinates

Manager Manager Manager makes sells presents ideas decision and decision and invites announces it questions

Manager presents tentative decision subject to change

Manager presents problem, gets suggestions, makes decision

Manager Manager permits defines limits; asks subordinates to function group to within limits make defined by decision supervisor

Tannenbaum and Schmidts Leadership Continuum Model

Autocratic Participative
1. Leader makes decision and announces it to employees without discussion.
2. Leader makes a decision and sells it to employees. 3. Leader presents ideas and invites employee questions. 4. Leader presents tentative decision subject to change. 5. 6. Leader Leader presents defines problem, limits and gets asks suggestions, employees and makes to make a decision. decision. 7. Leader permits employees to make ongoing decisions within defined limits.

Transactional Leadership
Mgrs who push subordinates to change but do not seem to change themselves are transactional Mgrs use reward & coercive power to encourage hi performance

Transformational Leadership
Process of influencing attitudes & assumptions of orgal members & building commitment to orgs mission & objectives.

Transformational Leadership
Make subordinates aware of

how important their jobs are by providing feedback to the worker

Make subordinates aware of their own need for personal growth & development Empowerment of workers, added training help Motivate workers to work for the good of org, not just themselves

Transformational Leaders

Transformational - charismatic & have a vision of how good things can be. Excited & clearly communicate this to subordinates. Openly share information with workers. Everyone aware of problems & need for change. Empowers workers to help with solutions. Engage in development of workers. Mgr works hard to help them build skills.

The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2000

 Charismatic leadership is really just a component of the broader based transformational leadership.

Charismatic Leadership
Influence based on follower perceptions that the leader is endowed with the gift of divine inspiration or supernatural qualities.

Charismatic Leadership
Leaders individual characteristic.

Interpersonal attraction - inspires support & acceptance.

Charismatic Leadership
Charismatic leaders will produce in followers performance beyond expectations as well as strong commitment to leader & his or her mission. Charisma as an attribution phenomenon & propose that it varies with the situation.

Transformational Leaders
Leaders who, through their personal vision & energy, inspire followers & have a major impact on their orgs also called charismatic leaders.

Transactional Leader does not have vision of transformational leader

Charismatic Leadership
Charismatic leadership - capable of having profound & extraordinary effects on followers. Charismatic concept, or charisma, Charismatic leaders Characterized by Self confidence & confidence in subordinates, high expectations for subordinates, ideological vision, & the use of personal example.

Contd

Charismatic Leadership
Followers of charismatic leaders identify with leader & mission of leader Exhibit extreme loyalty to and confidence in leader, Emulate leaders values & behavior, Derive self esteem from their relationship with leader charismatic leaders have superior debating Persuasive skills & technical expertise, & foster attitudinal, behavioral, & emotional changes in their followers.

Charismatic Leadership is really just a component of the broader based Transformational Leadership.

Charismatic Leaders
Common Characteristics Self-confidence Vision Ability to articulate Strong convictions Out of the ordinary behavior Perceived as change agents Environmentally sensitive

Visionary

Verbal Skills

Self Confidence Moral Conviction

Inspires Trust

Self Promoting

Charismatic Leader Characteristics

Minimum Internal Conflict Relational Power Base

High Risk Orientation

Empowers Others

High Energy Action Orientation

Personalized Charismatic Leaders

Pursue leader-driven goals & promote feelings of obedience, dependency & submission in followers.

Ethical Charismatic Leader

Open, two way communication Coaches, develops, and supports followers; shares recognition with others Relies on internal moral standards to satisfy org & societal interests

Unethical Charismatic Leader

One way communication

Insensitive to followers needs

Relies on convenient, external moral standards to satisfy self-interests

Ethical & Unethical Characteristics of Charismatic Leaders Ethical Charismatic Leader Uses power to serve others Aligns vision with followers needs and aspirations Considers and learns from criticism Stimulates followers to think independently & to question the leaders view Unethical Charismatic Leader Uses power only for personal gain or impact Promotes own personal vision Not willing to consider critical or opposing views Demands own decision be accepted without question

Leader Behavior
Leader behavior categorized into four groups:

1.
2.

Supportive Leadership behavior gives consideration needs subordinates, shows concern their well-being, & creates pleasant organizational climate. It has greatest impact subordinates performance when they are frustrated & dissatisfied. Participative Leadership allows subordinates influence decisions their superiors & can result increased motivation.

Leader Behavior
3. 4. Instrumental leadership gives subordinates rather specific guidance & clarifies what expected them; includes aspects planning, organizing, coordinating, & controlling leader. Achievement-oriented leadership involves setting challenging goals, seeking improvement performance, & having confidence subordinates will achieve high goals.

Leader Behavior
Characteristics of subordinates

Functions of leader

Leader behavior

Motivated subordinates

Effective organization

Work Environment