DECLINING HIV PREVALANCE : HYPE OR HIT ?

Key Findings HIV prevalence is low in Ethiopia, with 1.5 percent of the population age 15-49 HIV positive. Women have a higher HIV prevalence (1.9 percent) than men (1.0 percent). For both women and men HIV prevalence increases substantially as the number of lifetime sexual partners increases. General knowledge of AIDS is almost universal; 97 percent of women and 99 percent of men have heard of AIDS. Comprehensive knowledge of AIDS is uncommon. However, 19 percent of women and 32 percent of men have comprehensive knowledge of HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention methods. HIV/AIDS Estimates and Projections in Ethiopia, 2011-2016
2.0

Percentage HIV positive among women and men age 15-49 who were tested
Tigray

Percentage of HIV Prevalence by Region

HIV Prevalence
Afar

All age group (15-49 Years) Among Young People (15-24 Years) Among Couples By Male Circumcision Children (0-14 Years)

Amhara Benshangul Gumuz Addis Ababa Gambela Oromia Somali SNNPR

Dire Dawa Hareri

Sex

Total Women Men Total 2011

Year

5.5% - 6.5%

4.4% - 5.4%

3.3% - 4.3%

2.2% - 3.2%

0 - 2.1%

1.5

Percentage of women and men age 15-49 who have heard of AIDS,
Women Total
Amhara Tigray

Knowledge of HIV/AIDS by Region

Awareness of HIV
Afar

Knowledge of HIV/AIDS HIV Prevention methods Comprehensive knowledge about AIDS prevention of mother-to-child transmission Children (0-14 Years)

1.0 0.9

Benshangul Gumuz

Men 0.5 2011

Gambela

Dire Dawa Hareri

Sex
Somali

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016
SNNPR

Oromia

Total Women Men Total 2011

Residence
5 4 3 2 1 0

Employment (Last 12 month)

Sex
Total Women Men Total

Year
Total Women Men Total

1.5 1.2 0.9 0.6 0.3

Sex

96.3% - 99.9%

92.6% - 96.2%

89% - 92.5%

85.3% - 88%

0 - 85.2%

HIV Prevalence for Women and Men by Age Group

Not Employed Employed

Urban

Rural

3.7

Education
3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0

3.1

Sex

Total Women Men Total

Ed uc at i Pr on im ar y Se co nd ar Te y rti ar y

Lo w es Se t co n M d id dl Fo e ur t H h ig he st

4.0 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0

Wealth Quintile

Sex

Total Women Men Total

2 1.4

Women Men

Source:Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey 2011 Central Statistical Agency Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

0 15-19

20-24

25-29

30-34

35-39

40-44

45-49

Among women age 15-49 HIV prevalence is 1.9 percent, and among men age 15-49 and 5-59, HIV prevalence is 1.0 percent. For women, HIV prevalence increases with age to a peak of 3.7 percent at age 30-34. For men, HIV prevalence increases from 0.0 percent at age 15-19 to 3.0 percent at age 3539 and drops thereafter. Overall, HIV prevalence is higher for women than men in most age groups.