INTERNATIONAL ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY MALAYSIA

END OF SEMESTER EXAMINATION

Semester-I, 2003/2004 SESSION
KULLIYYAH OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & COMPUTER ENGINEERING

Program

: Undergraduate

Level of Study: One

Time:
Duration

: 03:00 PM 06:00 PM
:3 Hrs 0 Minutes

Date: October 3, 2003

Course Code

: ECE 1311

Section(s): 1 (E2-1-1 & E2-1-2

2 (E2-1-3)
3 (E2-1-4)

Course Title

: Electric Circuits

[This Question Paper Consists of six (6) Printed Pages including the title page, carrying Six (6)
Questions altogether].
INSTRUCTION(S) TO CANDIDATES
DO NOT OPEN UNTIL YOU ARE ASKED TO DO SO

There are six questions altogether.

Do any five questions.
Write your answers in black or blue; do not use pencil except for the figures.
Clear and tidy work carries impression and sometime marks too.

-1-

Question 1
(a) The distribution of current entering a certain element is as shown in Fig. Q1(a). Calculate the
total charge that has flown through the element at t = 4 s and t = 10 s.
[6, 4]
i(t) (C)
10

Fig.Q1(a)

10

12

t(s)

-10

Sol:
q(t) =(10)(4-0)

= 40 C

[4]

= 20 C

[6]

q(t) =40+ (10)(6-4) (10)(8-6) 10(10-8)

=40+ (10)(2)
(10)(2)
10(2)
= 40 + 10

- 10

- 20

(b) The daily power consumption of a factory in a residential area is as plotted in the circuit of
Fig. Q1(b). Calculate the monthly energy consumption of the factory if energy and power are
related by p(t) = dw(t)/dt.
[10]
P(t)(W)
1400 kW
1000 kW

400 kW

Fig.Q1(b)

16

20

24

04

08

12

16 Hours

Sol: Daily consumption

= (1400)(24-16)+(1400)(2-0)+(1000)(8-2)+400(10-8)+1400(16-10) kWh
= 11200 + 2800 + 6000 + 800 + 8400 kWh
Monthly consumption = (29200 kWh)(30) kWh

-2-

= 876000 kWh
= 29200 kWh

[2, 2, 2, 2]
[2]

Question 2
(a) Find the equivalent resistance Req for the circuit shown in Fig.Q2(a). Also, calculate the
power of Req if a current of 10mA is flowing through it.
[6, 2]

Fig. Q2(a)

Req

24
Sol:

= 0.001022 W
= 10.22

Req = (8x8)/(8+8) + (8x28)/(8+28) = 4 + 6.22

P = i2R = (10x10-3)210.22

[3, 3]
[2]

(b) Using mesh analysis by direct inspection, derive the three equations in terms of the three
mesh currents as shown in the circuit of Fig.Q2(b). Using Cramer rule solve the three
[3, 3, 3, 3]
equation for I1 only.
- 10 V +

I3
10

10

I1
5

I2
5

Fig.Q2(b)

-3-

+
10 V
-

Loop 1:
(10+5+5)I1 - 5I2 - 10I3 = 0
20I1 - 5I2 - 10I3 = 0

[3]

Loop 2:
-5I1 + (5+10)I2 - 10I3 = -10
-5I1 + 15I2 - 10I3 = -10

[3]

Loop 3:
-10I1 - 10I2 + (10+10)I3 = 10
-10I1 - 10I2 + 20I3 = 10
0
-10
10

-5
15
-10

[3]

-10
-10
20

0 + 5[(-10)(20) (-10)(10)] -10[(-10)(-10)-(10)(15)]

I1 = ------------------------------- = -------------------------------------------------------------------------------20
-5
-10
20[(15)(20)-(-10)(-10)]+5[(-5)(20)-(-10)(-10)]
-5
15
-10 -10[(-5)(-10)-(10)(15)]
-10
-10
20
I1 = {0 + 5(-200+100)10(100-150)}/{4000+5(-100-100)-10(50+150)}
={-500+500}/{4000-1000-2000) = 00/1000 = 0 A

[3]

Question 3
(a) Look at the circuit of Fig.Q3(a), and transform the 4A current source and the 4 resistor
into a new voltage source with appropriate polarities and draw the resulting circuit. [2]
4
6

I
8

Fig.Q3(a)
4A

+
16 V
-

-4-

+
12 V
-

(b) Using superposition principle, find the current I in the circuit of Fig. Q3(a).

[8]

I1
4

- 16 V +

+
12 V
-

+
16 V
-

Sol: Re-draw the above circuit as under:

I1
4

+
16 V
-

I1 = 16/(6+4+8) = 0.89 A

[2]

Re-draw the above circuit as under:

I2 = 12/(6+4+8) = 0.67 A

[2]

I2
4

+
12 V
-

-5-

Re-draw the above circuit after transforming the current source into voltage source:

I3 = 16/(6+4+8) = 0.89 A

[2]

I3
6

4
- 16 V +

Hence, I = I1 - I2 + I3 = 0.89 0.67 + 0.89 = 1.11 A

[2]

(c) Find the Thevenins equivalent circuit (RTH & VTH) for the circuit shown in Fig.Q3(c).
[4, 6]

+
32 V
-

12

2A

VTH

Fig.Q3(c)
To find RTH1 re-draw the circuit as under:

12

RTH1 = (4x12)/(4+12) + 1 = 3 + 1 = 4
To find VTH1 re-draw the circuit as under:

-6-

RTH

[2, 2]

+
32 V
-

12

VTH1

VTH1 = {32/(4+12)}{12} = 24 V

[2]

To find VTH2 re-draw the circuit as under:

12

2A

VTH2

= 24 + 6 = 30 V

VTH1 = {48/(4+12)}{2} = 6 V

[2]

VTH1 = VTH1 + VTH1

[2]

Question 4
(a) For the circuit of Fig.Q4(a) find the voltage across the capacitor for t > 0, assuming that is
uncharged from before.
[8]
6
t=0

Fig.Q4(a)
RC = 1x6 = 6 s
Vc = Vs + (V0 - \s)et/RC

1F

+v
-

+
12 V
-

Vc = 12 + (0 - 12)et/6
Vc = 12 - 12e0.167t V

[2, 2, 2, 2]

-7-

(b) Repeat the above problem for the circuit shown in Fig.Q4(b) below:

[12]

6
t=0

1F

+v
-

+
12 V
-

30

Fig.Q4(b)
RTH = 5

The above circuit is converted into the circuit

shown as under:

t=0

RTH = (6x30)/(6+30) = 5
VTH = (12)(30)/(6+30) = 10

+
VTH = 10V

1F

RC = 1x5 = 5 s
Vc = Vs + (V0 - \s)et/RC

+v
-

Vc = 10 + (0 - 10)et/5
Vc = 10 - 10e0.2t V

[2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2]

Question 5
(a) Draw the circuit shown in Fig. Q5(a) in phasor form, and hence find the input impedance
Zin at = 10 rad/s.
[4, 6]
10

25

1mF
2mF

Z in

1H

Fig.Q5(a)

-8-

10

25

-j100
-j50

Z in

J10

Fig.Q5(a)
[4]

Z1 = 10-j100
Z2 = -j50
Z3 = 25 + i10
Z23 = Z2 Z3 / (Z2 + Z3)= {j50(25+j10)}/{-j50 + 25 + j10}
= (500 - j1250)/(25 j40)
= (1346.29-68.2)/(47.17-58) = 28.54 -10.2
Zin = 10-j100 + 8.54-10.2 = 38.12 j105.96 = 112-70.1

[2, 2, 2]

(b) Using superposition theorem calculate current I0 in the circuit of in Fig.Q5(a).

[5, 5]

200 A
I0

+
10300 V
-

j4
-j2

Fig Q4.(a)
Sol:
Re-draw the circuit with the current source OFF:

I01

+
10300 V
-

j4
-j2

-9-

6+j4

8.66 + j5

-j4
0
I01 = -------------------- = {0-(-j4)(8.66+j5)}/{(6+j4)(8+j2)-(-j4)(-j4)}
6+j4

-j4

-j4

(8+j2)

= (-20 + j34.64)/ (56 + j44) = 401200 / 71.22 -980

I01 = {40-60}{71.238.16} = 0.562 81.840 A

[4]

Re-draw the circuit with the voltage source OFF:

200 A
I02

j4
-j2

6+j4

12

-j4
0
I02 = -------------------- = {0-(-j48)}/{(6+j4)(8+j2)-(-j4)(-j4)}
6+j4
-j4

-j4
(8+j2)

I02 = {4890}{71.238.16} = 0.67451.84 A

[4]

I0 = I01 + I02 = {4890}{71.238.16} = 0.562 81.84 + 0.67451.84

= 0.0797 + j0.556 + 0.416 + j0.53 = 0.337-4.42 A

- 10 -

[2]

Question 6
(a) Write an expression to relate complex power, reactive power, and real power along with
their units.
[2, 2, 2, 3]
Sol:
Complex power, S = V I*, measured in VA

[2, 1]

S = P + JQ, where P = VI COS(v - v), measured in Watts

and Q = VI SIN (v - v), measured in VAR

[2, 1]
[2, 1]

(b) Determine the average power generated by the source and the average power absorbed by
each passive element in the circuit shown in Fig. Q6(b).
[2, 3, 3, 3]
4
-j5

+
30 V
-

j3

Fig.Q6(b)

Sol:
Ig= 30/{4 j2} = 30/{4.47-26.57} = 6.71 26.57 A
pg = VI COS(0-26.57) = 90 Watts

[2]

VR =IR = 26.8426.57 V
PR = VI COS(26.57-26.57) = 90 Watts

[3]

[3]

VL =I(j3)= 20.1390+26.57 V
PL = VI COS(116.57-26.57) = 0 Watts
Vc =I(j5)= 33.55-63.43 V
Pc = VI COS(-63.43.57-26.57) = 0 Watts

- 11 -

[3]