PROS AND CONS OF CLONING HUMAN BEINGS ENGLISH ASSIGNMENT

Ni Luh Rosvitha Amanda Dewi 1206207395

Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia 2012

The global implementation of new technology has proved it self to be extremely successful. Trough the invention of Dr. Ian Willmund the cloning technique that can create duplicate species, is named Dolly in 19971, is a fantastic breakthrough in modern technology. At that time, the cloning technique was only for animals. After a few years, the techniques started to be practiced on human beings. Obviously, this development triggers different opinions in society. Some people think that it is against customs and religions, others believe that it may create better generation for human beings. After the first successful human cloning project announced by Clonaid, the biotechnology company in Bahama2, the first human cloning in the world named Eve, strengthen the argument in favor of the cloning program. Basically cloning human beings using the application of genetic fingerprinting, amplification of DNA and alteration of the genetic makeup of organisms.3, 4 People who agree on human cloning are likely to see the perspective that human cloning will be beneficial and useful for the development of science. They heed the customs that exist in community and about religion. Although there is still a minority support, they remain optimistic about the development of human cloning which has potential advantages such as organ replacement, substitute for natural reproduction, help in genetic research, and obtain specific traits in organism.4 The first example of benefit in human cloning is organ replacement. The cloning in body part of visceral organ such as kidney, liver, and heart can serve as backup system of human being. When those fail to work, it may possible to replace them with the cloned program. The other benefit is the cloning in human being proves to be a solution in fertility. Human cloning can be used as an option to produce children. Even with the cloning technology the parent may possible to get rid the negative inherited genes and choose the sex of the children. Therefore, the parent might be able to have children in certain qualities. Another benefit of human cloning is human cloning help in genetic research. There are many dangerous heredity diseases, which cannot be avoided. With the cloning of human beings, scientists know more about the specific components of human genes so that genes inherited diseases can be avoided. The cloning technique can obtain specific traits in organism. That means it is possible to customized the organism and develop them for benefit in society.

Like two sides of coin, the cloning technique has its different side too. Eventhough there are some advantages potential that the cloning technique possibly makes, it has potentially disadvantages. The majority of people who do not agree with the cloning were confirmed by some of potential losses that may be caused by the presence of human cloning. Besides it is not appropriate with the customs and religion, human cloning grown into major controversy in medical field. The potential disadvantages such as detrimental to genetic diversity, invitation to malpractices, large budget, and contrast with moral principle.4 Basic working principle of human cloning is duplicating organism. Thus, it led to a lack of variation among living things. If the diversity in environment diminishes, the ability of organism will weaken to adaptation so that it causes detrimental to genetic diversity. The second example is invitation to malpractices. Human cloning technology emphasizes to form better organism. However, not all of the experiments, which are conducted by the scientist, produce satisfactory results. Thus, it is possible to allow malpractices. The large budget is the next potential advantages which human cloning could possibly make. In doing some research, surely it will cost a large budget as well as the human cloning technology. This experiment requires large amount in single application. Thus, for make one cloned it is needed large budget for the application and the last is contrast with moral principle. The application of cloning technology proves that man can create another human being. This is contrary to the concept that the God is the only creator of human beings. Some people think that it is illegal to human for using technology to create another human beings because it same as degrading human dignity.4 For the conclusion, the existence of cloning human being is still a debate in medical community. Despite the successful implementation of human cloning, the reality there is pros and cons of human cloning application. Most communities are still cons about it because there are a lot of potential disadvantages such as, Detrimental to genetic diversity, Invitation to malpractices, large budget, and contrast with moral principle, which the human cloning possibly makes.

References

1. Anonymous. Dolly the Sheep and Genetically Modified Organism. http://www1.american.edu/ted/dolly.htm Sunday, 2 December 2012. 18:00 2. Official site of Clonaid. Pioneers in Human Cloning.

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http://www.clonaid.com/page.php?7 Sunday, 2 December 2012. 18:24 3. Rael. Yes to Human Cloning. 2001. Copyright The Raelian Foundation 4. Manali Oak. Pros and Cons of Cloning.[internet] cited at

http://www.buzzle.com/articles/pros-and-cons-of-cloning.html Sunday, 2 December 2012. 19:07