Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
Valentina Cheptene
Irina Sajina
Doina Tolico
Lilia Burag=
Lorina Bujor
English
Sample Tests
for the 9th Form pupils
to Excel at the English Exam
811.111(079)
E 57
English : Sample Tests for the 9th from students to excelat the English exam/
Angela Cazacu, Irina Sajina, Lilia Buraga [et al.]. - Ch. : Lyceum, 2010(F.E.-P.
Tipogr. Cnetrala). - 88 p.
5000 ex.
ISBN 978-9975-9846-9-0.
811.111(079)
Tipografia Central
Editura Lyceum, str. Pukin, 24, bir. 28
Tel.: 21-26-36
ISBN 978-9975-9846-9-0.
Lyceum
Angela Cazacu,
Irina Sajina
Lilia Burag,
Valentina Cheptene
Doina Tolico, Lorina Bujor
FOREWORD
This practice book is designed for the 9th year pupils with the aim to enable them to engage
in their own analyses of knowledge and comprehension of the English language.
The book includes 20 tests. Each test is organized into 3 parts:
o Part I deals with Text Comprehension, containing an unknown text and 10
activities following it;
o Part II treats Grammar and Vocabulary. It includes a test that sums up all the
pupils have learned in previous years.
o Part III consists of Creativity topics, which are followed by supplementary
questions enabling pupils to develop their ideas.
The activities suggested in the book, which are suitable for in-class work or as pupils
homework, will make the learners time informative, enjoyable and creative. Clear notes
explain the tasks to be accomplished. Through the reading and post-reading exercises
pupils will certainly absorb more information as they learn, review, and retain concepts
getting ready for the exam.
For the convenience of the pupils there has been attached a list of new words in case
there isnt a dictionary at hand.
We hope this brochure that is an up-to-date reference concerning exams, will help
pupils to sum up all they have learnt in the previous years, giving them a chance to check
their progress and at the same time prepare for the English exam.
Authors
Reading Comprehension
This part consists of reading an unknown text and accomplishing the post-text
tasks that include multiple choice sentences, special questions, matching, True or False
questions, giving the synonyms and antonyms required and finding words to the given
definitions, all checking the comprehension.
The pupils are to read the text attentively. They are going to work with it and their
success in fulfilling the tasks depends mostly on how they understand the text.
Some introductory lines to the text are very important. They help the reader and bring
the absolutely necessary information for the text understanding (space and time settings,
some information about characters and their role in the text and other details).
While studying the text the pupils are not to hurry, in order to be able to draw a
conclusion of what has been read after each paragraph. They will make sure they have
understood it by summarizing the general meaning of the passage. It is good to make
certain pauses and come back to some paragraphs. This time will be never spent in vain.
The pupils may, as well, work with a pencil in their hands to mark the main ideas.
The pupils should not hesitate in writing their remarks on the working sheet. These
personal notes that follow the first spontaneous reactions will be of great importance
when they are to answer the questions. The first general reading will be followed by
another reading of the text, the second, a detailed one that will allow them to deepen the
understanding of the text and to clarify their notes. They will also be able to write the key
words at the moment and to identify logical links in the recently read text.
The grammar section
The grammar section includes 2 parts: a multiple choice exercise (15 points) and an
open-the brackets exercise (5 points).
In the first part the pupils are to:
use the proper plural form of nouns, simple or compound, of native or foreign
origin;
distinguish when to use either an adjective or an adverb, choose the appropriate
degree of comparison and arrangeadjectivesin the correct order;
use the appropriate type of pronoun and spelling;
accurately use a variety of prepositions, depending on the context;
use the modal verbs studied so far;
use suitable article with proper and common nouns;
write the adequate word toa given definition;
know what joining words fit a certain context;
choose between a number of given words, usually confused/misused by the
pupils.
In the second part the pupils are to:
use appropriately three types of conditionals and wish sentences;
write the verb in the required mood and tense form, while reporting someone;
make up adequate questions in the correct order.
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Creativity
Assessment Scale
Task Fulfillment
- the task is fully achieved;
- the volume meets the requirements.
Students sociolinguistic competences
- can adapt the work to a situation, and use the language appropriate
to that situation.
Students ability to give the account of events
- can present a situation with accuracy and clarity.
Students ability to express his/her opinion and make personal
decisions
- can identify the main idea of the situation;
- can bring examples to illustrate the arguments taking into
consideration the events and his/her personal knowledge.
Coherence and cohesion
- can write the introduction and conclusion;
- can express written ideas in a form of a clear and coherent text;
- can structure the text into paragraphs;
- can use appropriate logical expressions.
Vocabulary range and usage
- possesses a large range of vocabulary in order to express his/ her
thoughts on a certain topic in written form.
Spelling and punctuation
- spelling of the words and punctuation are correct.
Grammar
- can use verb forms, tenses, nouns, etc. correctly.
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Test 1
I. a) Read the text attentively.
Mobile Phones
Mobile phones are used for a variety of purposes, including keeping in touch
with family members, conducting business, and having access to a telephone in
the event of an emergency. Some individuals keep multiple cell phones in some
cases for legitimate reasons such as having one phone for business and another
for personal use.
Why are we so addicted to mobile phones? There are now over forty million
people in Britain with mobiles and if the present trend continues, every man,
woman and child in Britain will soon have one or two, or three!
They can be expensive and are possibly bad for us. You can spend a fortune if you
use your mobile a lot. According to some scientists, if we go on using mobiles, well
cook our brains. Some people even think that radiation from mobiles causes cancer. Psychologists say we are becoming dependent on mobiles. Dr. Oliver James talks
about phoneliness in modern society we are lonely, so if people ring us up or send
us text messages, we feel wanted.
Teenagers are among the biggest users of mobiles, and texting is creating a
new language full of abbreviations such as How RU?. In Japan, surveys show
teenagers are reading less and mobile use is affecting the marks of secondary
school students. Some schools limit or restrict the use of mobile phones. Schools
set restrictions on the use of mobile phones because of the use of cell phones for
cheating on tests, harassing other people, causing threats to the schools security, distractions to the student and facilitating gossip and other social activity in
school. Many mobile phones are banned in school locker room facilities, public
restrooms and swimming pools. A big problem in Britain is crime. Last year half
a million British teenagers were victims of mobile phone theft.
But there is also a good side of having mobiles. As technology improves, mobiles can do more and more. If you have one of the new multimedia mobiles, you
can log on to the Net, pay for things, play games, interact with TV programmes
and take photos to send to your friends.
As miniaturisation and increased processing power of microchips has enabled
ever more features to be added to phones, the concept of the smartphone has
evolved, and what was a high-end smartphone five years ago, is a standard phone
today.
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I. b) Accomplish the tasks below, using the following instructions:
tick the correct variant;
answer the questions;
match the words with their definitions;
find / give antonyms or synonyms;
express your point of view;
agree or disagree.
1. A big problem in Britain is:
poverty
crime
unemployment
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II. Grammar
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III. Creativity
Test 2
I. a) Read the text attentively.
Saving Space Japanese-Style
Have you ever felt in a hotel that you are paying for dozens of things you dont
want and never use: tables you dont sit at, desks you dont write on, chairs you
dont sit on, a balcony without a view, a doorman in full traditional costume, a lift
boy whose skill at pressing buttons is quite amazing?
Have you ever packed in your bag the bubble bath sachet, the shampoo, the
shoe-shiner and the writing paper and envelopes that the hotel has so generously
left in your room? Did you feel that, as you have paid for them, you might as well
take them with you? The Japanese have the answers to all your problems: the
module hotel.
With land prices the highest in the world and land scarce, it is not surprising
that Tokyo was the first place to introduce module hotels.
What is a module hotel? Its a hotel which provides beds for travellers, each in
a self-contained module. You unlock your door and crawl straight into your bed.
Built into the walls are a washbasin, a radio, a television and a clock. It must feel a
bit like being put into a drawer with entertainment provided! For people who just
want a bed for the night, however it is convenient and cheap. But there should be
a warning: Not suitable for sleep-walkers!
The Japanese have also changed the concept of single room living. Again driven
by the back of space and the high prices in Tokyo, they have constructed blocks of
square rooms, each of which contains all the facilities needed by a single person.
These rooms are so small that, lying full length on the floor, you can touch the
two opposite walls. The secret is that everything in the room is either folded up
into the wall or hidden behind sliding panels. At first the room appears like a
large empty box, but a bed, chairs and a table can be lowered from panels in the
wall, and there are cooking and washing facilities behind sliding panels, as well as
a television and a radio cassette player. If you want to give a party the whole floor
space can be made available but dont invite too many guests!!
Will other overcrowded mega cities follow Tokyo? It seems unlikely, as most
cities of comparable size are in countries where the idea of living alone is a foreign
one.
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Items
I. b) Accomplish the tasks below, using the following instructions:
tick the correct variant;
answer the questions;
match the words with their definitions;
find / give antonyms or synonyms;
express your point of view;
agree or disagree.
1. A module hotel is:
a model hotel
a hotel that provides beds in a self-contained module
a hotel for sleep-walkers
a hotel for travellers
2. Find in the text the words that match the definitions below:
3.
4.
5.
6.
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___________________________________________________?
I wish the sea (to be calm) ____________________________
when we got to the seashore.
5.
III. Creativity
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Test 3
I. a) Read the text attentively.
Keep Stress under Control
Stress is a feeling thats created when we react to particular events. Its the
bodys way of rising to a challenge and preparing to meet a tough situation with
focus, strength, stamina, and heightened alertness.
The human body responds to stressors by activating the nervous system and specific hormones. This natural reaction is known as the stress response. But the stress
response can also cause problems. For example, feeling a little stress about a test thats
coming up can motivate you to study hard. But stressing out too much over the test
can make it hard to concentrate on the material you need to learn. Some stressful
situations can be extreme and may require special attention and care.
Everyone experiences stress a little differently. Some people become angry and
act out their stress or take it out on others. Some people internalize it and develop eating disorders or substance abuse problems. And some people who have
a chronic illness may find that the symptoms of their illness flare up under an
overload of stress.
What can you do to deal with stress overload or, better yet, to avoid it in the
first place? Learn how to manage stress. Stress-management skills work best
when theyre used regularly, not just when the pressures on. Knowing how to
de-stress and doing it when things are relatively calm can help you get through
challenging circumstances that may arise.
Here are some things that can help keep stress under control:
Be realistic. Dont try to be perfect no one is. If you need help on something,
like schoolwork, ask for it.
Get a good nights sleep. Getting enough sleep helps keep your body and mind
in top shape. If you stay up late and still need to get up early for school, you may
not get all the hours of sleep you need.
Learn to relax. Ensure you stay relaxed by building time into your schedule for
activities that are calming and pleasurable: reading a good book or making time
for a hobby, spending time with your pet, or just taking a relaxing bath.
Treat your body well. Experts agree that getting regular exercise helps people
manage stress.
Watch what youre thinking. Your outlook, attitude, and thoughts influence the
way you see things. A healthy dose of optimism can help you make the best of
stressful circumstances.
Solve the little problems. Learning to solve everyday problems can give you a
sense of control. But avoiding them can leave you feeling like you have little control and that just adds to stress.
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Items
I. b) Accomplish the tasks below, using the following instructions:
tick the correct variant;
answer the questions;
match the words with their definitions;
find / give antonyms or synonyms;
express your point of view;
agree or disagree.
Find in the text the words for the following definitions:
___________________ - interaction of substances undergoing
chemical change.
___________________ - inclination to hopefulness and confidence;
belief that this world is as good as it could
be or that good must ultimately prevail
over evil.
___________________ - cause (a person) to act in a particular way;
stimulate the interest of (a person in an
activity).
How does the human body respond to stressors?
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
What can motivate one to study hard?
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
What are the things one should do to keep stress under control?
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
How should a stress overload be dealt with?
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
Find in the text the synonym for each line of the words given below:
pressure, strain, anxiety, constant worry, tension -_______________
be in charge of, be in command of, have power over -____________
agreeable, enjoyable, pleasing, pleasant - ______________________
view, position, point of view - _______________________________
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III. Creativity
Outline in 10 sentences your opinion on the following topic:
Clothes and fashion.
What types of clothes do young people prefer? What would teenagers wear in
5-10 years?
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Test 4
I. a) Read the text attentively.
Health Hazards
All forms of tobacco cigarettes, pipes, cigars, and smokeless tobacco are
hazardous.
Today were more aware about how bad smoking is for our health. Smoking is
restricted or banned in almost all public places and cigarette companies are no
longer allowed to advertise on TV, radio, and in many magazines.
Almost everyone knows that smoking causes many types of cancer including
lung, throat, and stomach cancer. People who smoke also have an increased risk
of infections like bronchitis, pneumonia, emphysema (breakdown of lung tissue),
and heart disease. Smoking can shorten your life by 10 years or more; and this
habit can cost a smoker thousands of dollars a year. These diseases limit a persons
ability to be normally active, and they can be fatal. Each time a smoker lights up,
that single cigarette takes about 5 to 20 minutes off the persons life. So how come
people are still lighting up? The answer, in a word, is addiction.
Once you start, its hard to stop. Smoking is a hard habit to break because
tobacco contains nicotine, which is highly addictive.
There are no physical reasons to start smoking. The body doesnt need tobacco
the way it needs food, water, sleep, and exercise.
Smokers not only develop wrinkles and yellow teeth, they also lose bone
density, which increases their risk of osteoporosis (pronounced: ahs-tee-o-puhrow-sus), a condition that causes older people to become bent over and their
bones to break more easily. Smokers also tend to be less active than non-smokers
because smoking affects lung power.
Teen smokers experience many of these problems:
Bad skin. Because smoking restricts blood vessels, it can prevent oxygen and
nutrients from getting to the skin which is why smokers often appear pale and
unhealthy.
Bad breath.
Bad-smelling clothes and hair.
Reduced athletic performance.
Greater risk of injury and slower healing time.
Increased risk of illness. Studies show that smokers get more colds, flu,
bronchitis, and pneumonia than nonsmokers. And people with certain health
conditions, like asthma, become more sick if they smoke (and often if theyre just
around people who smoke).
When quitting, it can be helpful to realize that the first few days are the hardest.
So dont give up. Some people find they have a few relapses before they manage
to quit for good.
Staying smoke free will give you a whole lot more of everything more
energy, better performance, better looks, more money in your pocket, and, in the
long run, more life to live!
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11. She __________________ stay away from school because she was ill.
a) can
b) may
c) was able to
d) was allowed to
12. Can you wait _______________________ minutes?
a) few
b) a few
c) little
d) a little
13. What are you looking ______________? Gloves, I cant find them.
a) after
b) at
c) for
d) of
14. I like the idea. It sounds _______________________ to me.
a) good
b) well
c) bad
d) badly
15. He bought a/an ______________________ cottage in the country.
a) stone, old, small
c) small, old, stone
b) old, small, stone
d) stone, small, old
b) Open the brackets using the verbs in the appropriate form.
1. Steve is sorry, he cant act in films.
He wishes ____________________________________________.
2. Ann (to translate) ___________________________the article since
morning.
3. The weather forecast said the weather (to change)
_______________________ the next day.
4. Last night in Canberra many trees (to blow)
____________________________ down in the storm.
5. If I (to be)___________________ you I would get some rest before
the game.
III. Creativity
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Test 5
I. a) Read the text attentively.
The Cherokee Nation
Among the groups of Indians living east of the Mississippi River were the
Cherokees. About 15000 Cherokees lived in parts of Georgia, North Carolina,
Tennessee, and Alabama. In 1791 the federal government had made a treaty with
the Cherokee nation. The United States agreed that the land the Cherokees were
living on should be theirs and that they should be an independent nation.
In the 19th century, the Cherokees were known as one of the Five Civilized
Tribes, because they had assimilated numerous cultural and technological practices
of European-American settlers. Over the years the Cherokees adopted many of the
ways of the farmers and other settlers who had moved near them. They dressed up
like the settlers, and many of them became Christians. Like their neighbours, the
peaceful Cherokees grew corn and vegetables for food, and they raised tobacco
and cotton to sell. Some of them even held slaves, just as other southern farmers
did. They had a written language, and they put out a written newspaper. They built
schools for their children. Cherokee leaders even wrote a constitution that was
based on the US Constitution.
None of this was enough to save the Cherokees. White settlers wanted their
land, and that was all that mattered. Settlers rushed in. To make matters worse, in
1828 gold was discovered on Cherokee land. The Cherokees were peaceful allies of
the Americans, so they asked the Supreme Court for help. They reminded the US
government of the 1791 treaty, and asked the government for help. While some
settlers said the Cherokees should be allowed to stay on their homeland, President
Jackson did not agree. Instead of supporting the treaty, he sent the army to help
settlers remove the Cherokees. In the winter of 1838, 15,000 Cherokee Indians gave
up their homes and began a long journey.
It was a sad and terrible journey. During the next few months, the Cherokees
suffered from disease, hunger, and bitter cold. Four thousand of them died before
what was left of the tribe reached the Indian territory. Indians called this journey
the Trail of Tears.
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Items
I. b) Accomplish the tasks below, using the following instructions:
tick the correct variant;
answer the questions;
match the words with their definitions;
find / give antonyms or synonyms;
express your point of view;
agree or disagree.
1. According to the text:
The Cherokees were the only Indians who lived east of the
Mississippi River.
The Cherokees were white settlers slaves.
The Cherokees lived in parts of Georgia, North Carolina, Tennessee,
and Alabama.
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Find in the text the words that match the following definitions:
___________________ an agreement or arrangement made by
negotiation;
___________________ to change the location, position, station,
or residence.
Find in the text antonyms for the following words:
reject _______________
forbid _______________
few _________________
4.
5.
6.
Why was the journey, the Cherokees had made, called the Trail of
Tears?
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
How did the discovery of gold on the Cherokee land change their fate?
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
How did the Cherokee Indians try to defend themselves from being
removed?
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
7.
8.
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10. President Jackson ignored the opinion of some white settlers when he
A A
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False
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9.
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10 p.
III. Creativity
Outline in 10 sentences your opinion on the following topic:
The role of sports in peoples life.
List the kinds of sports you know. Describe your favourite one.
25
20 p.
Test 6
I. a) Read the text attentively.
Watching the Night Sky
What do you see when you look up at the sky at night? If you live in a city,
you can probably see the moon and a few stars. But if you live out in the country,
away from all the city lights, you can see a sky full of stars! But stars arent the
only things up there. The night sky is full of strange and wonderful things if you
know what to look for.
School science teaches us that there are eight planets in the solar system. The
closest to the sun is Mercury, then Venus, Earth, and Mars. After Mars comes the
asteroid belt; a ring of massive rocks floating in space. Beyond the asteroid belt
there are the giant planets: Saturn, Jupiter, Uranus, and Neptune.
The other planets are incredibly far away. But as far away as the other planets
are, we can see five of them in the night sky. Mercury and Venus can be seen in
the early evening; they look like really bright stars. Venus is the brightest thing in
the sky after the moon! Mars has a reddish colour, and Jupiter is almost as bright
as Venus. Saturn often appears very large because of its rings, and with a simple
telescope, you can even spot some of its moons.
Sometimes, you can see something that looks like a star moving slowly
and steadily across the sky. Its not a UFO, its just one of the thousands of man
made things we put into space. It may be a satellite, or space shuttle, or even the
International Space Station. Be sure to wave at it someone may be watching!
Other times, you might see bright streaks of light across the sky. These
shooting stars are actually meteors chunks of rock that are burning up as they
fall through our atmosphere. Some even hit the ground! If a meteor reaches the
ground, it becomes a meteorite. You can tell a meteorite by the black, burned
coating on the outside, and it may have pits or craters in it from colliding at high
speed with dust in the atmosphere.
One of the most spectacular things you can see in the night sky are comets.
Comets are massive balls of frozen ice, rock, and gases. As they come toward the
sun, they begin to melt, and the melting vapours stream behind the comet in a
beautiful tail. Its hard to tell when a new comet may cross the night sky, so be
sure you look up from time to time. Who knows, you may discover something
new!
26
Nr
Items
4.
5.
6.
How many planets does our solar system consist of? List them.
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
Slowly moving objects in the sky are UFOs, arent they?
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
Find in the text antonyms for the following words:
dull _____________________
backward ________________
late _____________________
to vanish _________________
Find in the text synonyms for the following words:
impressive, striking _______________
large, heavy _____________________
stone ___________________________
to strike _________________________
27
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Having no one to play with, he would often sit on the front steps
talking to _____________________ or to an imaginary friend.
a) herself b) themselves
c) ourselves
d) himself
I cant get ______________ ring off my finger. _____________ stuck.
a) this/its
b) that/its c) these/its d) its/ thats
The beach near the hotel was very___________. It was
____________________ all the beaches on the island.
a) the dirtiest/dirtier
b) dirty/dirtier of
c) dirty/ the dirtiest of
d) the dirtiest/dirty
Betty couldnt read when she was 5. ____________ could her cousin.
a) neither
b) either c) nor
d) or
You must find ________________________ who can help you.
a) anyone b) no one c) everyone d) someone
A group of people chosen to direct some work is a ______________.
a) crew b) committee
c) family
d) audience
My mother has to look ___________________ my grandfather,
because hes ill.
a) for
b) after
c) through
d) forward
Darts _____________ not difficult to play.
a) are
b) is
c) am
d) has
Everyone saw that ________________________________________
______________________________________________________.
a) huge /colourful /cinema/ poster
b) colourful /cinema/ poster/ huge
c) poster/ huge /colourful /cinema
d) huge /colourful /poster /cinema
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10 p.
III. Creativity
Outline in 10 sentences your opinion on the following topic:
The school of tomorrow.
How different will schools be in future?
29
20 p.
Test 7
I. a) Read the text attentively.
The Shocking Story of Electricity
Have you ever watched lightning in the sky at night, or gotten zapped when
you touched a metal door? Those are two shocking examples of electricity!
From science classes you probably remember that everything in the world is
made up of tiny particles called atoms. An atom is made up of a hard core, called
a nucleus, and a cloud of fast whizzing particles called electrons that move around
the nucleus. Sometimes electrons can even jump from one place to another.
When electrons move, this creates a current of electricity.
When you see lightning up in the sky, you actually see billions of electrons
jumping all at once from one place to another. Moving electrons tend to release
a lot of energy, and we can use this electricity to do all kinds of things, from
powering a computer to splitting an atom apart.
Our bodies also use electricity. Every thought that you have is the result of tiny
electrical signals jumping between the cells in your brain. Everything that you
feel is an electrical message passed down long pathways called nerves that run
from your body to your brain. Even your heart is controlled by electrical signals
that tell each cell in your heart when to beat.
A heart attack happens when this electrical signal gets mixed up and every
cell in your heart tries to beat at a different time. Thats why doctors can use a
machine called a defibrillator to deliver a powerful electric shock to your heart
it resets all the heart cells and gets them beating in time again!
Nr
Items
I. b) Accomplish the tasks below, using the following instructions:
tick the correct variant;
answer the questions;
match the words with their definitions;
find / give antonyms or synonyms;
express your point of view;
agree or disagree.
1. The machine used by doctors to deliver a powerful shock to ones
heart is called a:
brain
nucleus
defibrillator
defibilator
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Find in the text the words the definitions of which are given below:
___________________ - an organ of soft nervous tissue contained
in the skull, functioning as the
coordinating centre of sensation and
intellectual and nervous activity.
___________________ - effect of a sudden discharge of electricity
through the body of a person, etc. (find in
the text the word combination).
How is a current of electricity created?
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
What are all things in the world made up of?
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
What are atoms made up of?
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
Find in the text antonyms for the following words:
gigantic- ____________________
short - ______________________
similar-_____________________
weak-_______________________
How do heart attacks happen?
______________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
Extract from the text all examples of electricity mentioned by the
author.
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
31
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II. Grammar
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10 p.
III. Creativity
Outline in 10 sentences your opinion on the following topic:
English lessons.
Describe an English lesson at your school. List the activities you usually
accomplish. Describe your favourite activity.
33
20 p.
Test 8
I. a) Read the text attentively.
Computers
Today we use many machines but often we dont know how they work. For
example we drive cars but maybe know nothing about car engines. Its the same
with computers. Secretaries use them to write letters, writers use them to write
books, bankers use them to store and transfer information; but not many people
know how they work.
A computer is a machine that manipulates data according to a set of instructions.
The ability to store and execute lists of instructions called programs makes computers
extremely versatile, distinguishing them from calculators. Therefore computers
ranging from a mobile phone to a supercomputer are all able to perform the same
computational tasks, given time and storage capacity.
The first use of the word computer was recorded in 1613, referring to a person
who carried out calculations, or totaling, and the word continued to be used in
that sense until the middle of the 20th century. From the end of the 19th century,
the word began to take on its more familiar meaning, describing a machine that
carries out computations.
Since computers were first introduced to the public in the early 1980s,
technology has changed a great deal. The first computers were simple machines
designed for basic tasks. They didnt have much memory and they were not very
powerful.
Early computers were often quite expensive and customs often paid thousands
of dollars for machines which actually did very little. Most computers were
separate, individual machines used mostly as expensive typewriters or playing
games.
Time has changed. Computers have become powerful machines with practical
applications. Programmers have created a large selection of useful programs
which do everything from teaching foreign languages to bookkeeping. We are
still playing video games, but todays games have become faster, more exciting
interactive adventures. Many computer users have got also on the Internet and
have begun communicating with other computer users around the world. We
have started to create international communities online.
Modern computers based on integrated circuits are millions to billions of
times more capable than the early machines and occupy a fraction of the space.
Simple computers are small enough to fit into a wristwatch and can be powered
by a watch battery.
In short, the simple, individual machines of the past have involved into an
international World Wide Web of knowledge.
34
Nr
Items
I. b) Accomplish the tasks below, using the following instructions:
tick the correct variant;
answer the questions;
match the words with their definitions;
find / give antonyms or synonyms;
express your point of view;
agree or disagree.
1. According to the text, simple computers are small enough:
to fit into a handbag
to fit into a wristwatch
to fit into a wallet
2. What is the feature that distinguishes computers from calculators?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
3. Think about the changes of the computer at the end of 2001. What is
the purpose of the changes?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
4. Define the following words:
programme ______________________________________________
________________________________________________________
community ______________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
5. What is the main difference between modern computers and early
machines?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
6. What was the main purpose of the first computers?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
35
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II. Grammar
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III. Creativity
37
Test 9
I. a) Read the text attentively.
Global Traffic Jam
How long does it take you to get to school in the mornings? In some big cities it
can take ages to go anywhere and millions of people spend hours sitting in traffic
jams. For example, in Lima in Peru, the traffic is so bad during the rush hour that it
is quicker to walk than to go by bus or by car.
The problem with walking to school is that you have to breathe, in many cities,
the air that is not exactly clean. In some cities the pollution caused by cars is so
dangerous that people wear masks in the street.
There are very few cities with no cars. Venice is one of these and people get
around on foot or by boat, by water buses or water taxis. It is more expensive to
go by gondola and not very fast, but much more romantic!
In many places public transport also gets very crowded in rush hours. In
Tokyo there are special workers to push people into the underground trains. But
if you go by underground you can avoid traffic jams and public transport causes
less pollution.
Perhaps the best way of getting around is by getting on your bike. It can be
more dangerous but a lot of cities have special lanes. The bicycles became popular
towards the end of the 19th century. They did not cost much, and they did not take
up a lot of space. For this reason, more and more people bought them. The only
difficulty was the roads. They were very bad, and they took a great deal of the
pleasure out of riding. Going by bike does not cause any pollution and it is good
exercise for you!
Nr.
Items
I. b) Accomplish the tasks below, using the following instructions:
tick the correct variant;
answer the questions;
match the words with their definitions;
find / give antonyms or synonyms;
express your point of view;
agree or disagree.
1. Give antonyms for the following words taken from the text:
to avoid _____________________________
dangerous ____________________________
38
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III. Creativity
41
Test 10
I. a) Read the text attentively.
Television
After nuclear arms, television must be the most disastrous invention of the
twentieth century.
It is the most passive form of entertainment ever devised because it involves
absolutely no effort beyond pressing a button or turning a switch on. With a radio
or cassette player you can listen and do something else at the same time, with a
book you make an effort of reading it, even with the cinema you make the effort
of going out of the house to get there.
The television kills all other activities in the same room and demands absolute
silence from those who seriously want to watch a programme. In many homes,
however, nobody actually watches properly: all the people talk, play, eat or sleep
their way through the programmes. The television remains on. The background
noise has become part of a life.
Quarrels often occur in the family because either someone wants to watch
a programme and someone else talks all the way through it or, when there are
several channels to choose from, one member of the family wants to watch one
channel while another wants to watch a different one.
Nowadays, people dont bother to select the programmes they watch but will
watch anything that happens to be on while they are in the same room as the
television. Even visitors are rarely important enough to warrant turning the television off.
Children who grow up in a society where family televisions are common rarely read or write or draw for pleasure but prefer to install themselves in front of the
television set because it requires much less effort. Homework has also suffered
badly as a result of the presence of television. An American study of university
students recently found that the present generation of students is the worst educated since the end of the Second World War (1945). Much of the blame for this
can be attributed to the influence of television.
Did James Logie Baird ever imagine that his miraculous invention could have
the effect of turning human beings into vegetables?
42
Nr
Items
I. b) Accomplish the tasks below, using the following instructions:
tick the correct variant;
answer the questions;
match the words with their definitions;
find / give antonyms or synonyms;
express your point of view;
agree or disagree.
1. According to the text:
James Logie Bairds invention was wonderful but the result of it
has been to make people totally passive.
James Logie Bairds invention was miraculous as it would turn
people into vegetables.
If James Logie Baird had known what the effects of TV would be,
he would not have invented it.
James Logie Bairds amazing invention was designed to make
people passive.
2. What happens to children who grow up in a society where television is
common?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
3. Why is the television called a passive form of entertainment?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
4. Find in the text antonyms for the following words:
offer ___________________________________________________
praise __________________________________________________
beneficial _______________________________________________
noise _________________________________________________
5. Find in the text synonyms for:
happen ________________________________________________
invent __________________________________________________
choose _________________________________________________
require _________________________________________________
6. What effects does the writer think television has had on education?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
43
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9. Find in the text the words the definitions of which are given below:
______________ to cause to appear right or reasonable; to justify.
______________ all the people born at about the same time.
______________ band of frequencies used in radio and television
transmission, esp. by a particular station.
______________ absence of sound; abstinence from speech or noise
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10. People leave the TV on when they are not watching it.
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________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
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II. Grammar
44
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III. Creativity
45
Test 11
I. a) Read the text attentively.
As Strong as an Ant!
Imagine youre standing in a room full of 50 kids just your size. Now imagine
that you can pick all 50 of them up at the same time, and carry them around the
room with you! If you could do that, youd be as strong as an ant!
Ants are incredible insects. They live in colonies, squished in with millions
of their sisters. Each colony has a queen, who acts as mother for the colony. Her
only job is to lay eggs, and shes easy to spot, because shes enormous. When shes
born, the young queen also has a pair of wings. After she uses them to fly off and
find a mate, she will either detach her wings or the worker ants will chew them
off, and she spends the rest of her life in the colony. This can be a long time: some
queens live to be 30 years old!
Most of the ants in a colony are workers: females who cant lay eggs. Worker
ants can talk to each other using smelly chemicals called pheromones. Their
antennae pick up the pheromones that other ants leave behind, and each smell
sends a different message. One kind of pheromone is left by foraging ants to make
a trail that other ants can follow to a source of food. Another kind tells ants in
the colony what job a worker should be doing. And crushed ants release an alarm
smell that sends nearby ants into a furious attack mode, so think twice before you
decide to step on one!
Whats really amazing is that there are over 14,000 different kinds of ants, and
some of them do some really strange things.
Fortunately for us, we can learn ant science online, because some ants use those
powerful jaws to deliver a nasty bite if you get too close. Fire ants, for example,
will bite and spray acid onto the wound this feels just like getting burned by
fire!
So next time you walk over a patch of bare ground, step carefully; there might
be an entire ant army beneath your feet!
Nr
Items
Results
I. b) Accomplish the tasks below, using the following instructions:
tick the correct variant;
answer the questions;
match the words with their definitions;
find / give antonyms or synonyms;
express your point of view;
agree or disagree.
1. How strong are ants according to the text?
A A
________________________________________________________ 0 0
________________________________________________________ 1 1
________________________________________________________ 2 2
________________________________________________________ 3 3
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II. Grammar
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III. Creativity
49
Test 12
I. a) Read the text attentively.
Deep in the Ocean
What do you think the most unexplored part of our planet is? Its not the
depths of the rainforest. Its not the burning deserts. Its not even the frozen
Arctic wastes. The most unexplored parts of our planet are our oceans! Were
just beginning to realize what kind of incredible mysteries are hidden in the
deep, dark waters. Our oceans make up a huge part of our planet over 70% of
the Earths surface is covered by them! They help control the temperature of the
planet, shape the weather, and are home to millions of living things.
The deepest part of our planet is the Mariana trench, near Japan and the
Philippines. At its deepest point, it reaches 10,924 meters (or 6.78 miles) deep.
That means if you were to take Mount Everest, the highest mountain on Earth,
and stick it at the deepest part of this trench, there would still be more than
2 kilometers of water over the top of it! Fortunately, scientists have invented
special deep water research cameras and vehicles that can reach into the cold,
dark, high-pressure world of the deep sea. And what were starting to discover is
that these dark, deep, freezing waters are filled with living things. Go down deep
enough, and the living things you find look like aliens from another world. The
discovering of these strange creatures make science fun!
One of the most fearsome creatures in the ocean is the famous giant squid.
For many years, people thought the giant squid was just a legend. Then whale
watchers started to notice marks on the sides of some whales, like they had been
caught by a suction cup that was the size of a dinner plate! Finally, the bodies
of some squid washed up on the shores of Newfoundland, and the squid went
from science fiction to science fact! They can grow up to 13 meters long, and are
wicked predators with sharp beaks.
Even though we think weve explored the planet, weve really just scratched the
surface. Theres a whole world left to explore under the sea!
Nr
Items
I. b) Accomplish the tasks below, using the following instructions:
tick the correct variant;
answer the questions;
match the words with their definitions;
find / give antonyms or synonyms;
express your point of view;
agree or disagree.
1. The surface of our planet is covered by:
more than 70% of water.
less than 75% of water.
approximately 75% of water.
over 70% of land.
50
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What was the object of fears of the majority of sailors in the past?
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
Define the words below:
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an alien _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
a whale _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
6.
7.
51
8.
How did scientists obtain the proof of the existence of giant squids?
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
9.
a. large
b. to understand
c. start
d. investigation
e. wrong, evil
f. form
10. According to the text all mysteries of oceans have been explained.
True
False
because
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
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II. Grammar
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Paul said the children were happy because some good players (to
join) _____________________the team recently.
The mail (just / to write) ________________________. You just
have to send it.
If you had asked me I (to help) ________________________ you.
You (to drive) ___________________________ all day. Let me
drive now.
III. Creativity
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10 p.
Test 13
I. a) Read the text attentively.
Lets Learn about Honey Bees
Did you know that a working beehive in the summer can be filled with thousands of bees? A worker bees life begins as a tiny egg. The egg hatches into a
white larva, like a small worm or caterpillar, and for the next seven days or so,
all that bee larva does is grow and eat. Once it grows big enough to fill its cell
in the honeycomb, an adult worker builds a cap of wax over the opening to the
baby bees cell, and that little larva turns itself into a pupa. A pupa is a little bit
like the cocoon of a moth, and inside that pupa, that baby bee is changing from
a shapeless white blob into a grown-up bee, with legs, wings, antennae, and a
stinger.
When the change is finished, the new bee chews its way out and gets to work.
The youngest bees start their lives cleaning up the hive, licking the cells clean
with their tongues and carrying out bits of debris with their strong jaws.
Older bees have the job of nursing the baby larvae, bringing them the food
they need to grow strong. Sometimes nurses have the job of feeding special larvae
full of a substance called royal jelly. This will make the larvae turn into queens
instead of a worker. To make sure they get a good strong queen, the workers will
feed several larvae with royal jelly, and the new queens will fight to the death
when they hatch! The queen who lives takes over the hive.
After they grow out of nursing, older bees will move to the entrance of the hive
and become soldiers, guarding the hive from any invading insects that might eat
the larvae, and stinging anything that tries to attack the hive. They will only sting
if they have a good reason, though once a honeybee stings, she dies.
It may be a difficult life, but the end result is a hive full of golden, sticky honey.
Its food for the bees in the hive, and its also a tasty treat for us!
Nr
Items
I. b) Accomplish the tasks below, using the following instructions:
tick the correct variant;
answer the questions;
match the words with their definitions;
find / give antonyms or synonyms;
express your point of view;
agree or disagree.
1. The job of nursing the baby larvae is accomplished by:
soldiers
the queen
older worker bees
the pupae
54
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honey ________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
caterpillar _____________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
beehive ________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
10. There can live two queens in one beehive.
True
False
because
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
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II. Grammar
56
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10 p.
Correspondence.
Write a letter on the following topic:
a) Write a congratulatory letter to your parents (brother/sister/friend) on the
occasion of a holiday.
20 p.
57
Test 14
I. a) Read the text attentively
The Mystery of Wales
To the west of England lies a small, almost secret country called Wales. It is
a land of green and grey: green fields, valleys and hills; grey mountains and sky,
grey mining villages and grey stone castles.
The story of the Welsh people is one of determined resistance to invadersthe Romans, Saxons, Vikings, Normans and finally the English. After the fall
of the Roman Empire in 410 AD, the barbarian Anglo-Saxons invaded Britain.
Legendary kings and princes, like king Arthur, won important victories against
the Saxons, but gradually these original Britons were pushed west, into the hills
and mountains of Wales. Welsh princes fought hard against the English, but
Wales was finally conquered. In 1301 Edward I gave his son the title of Prince of
Wales and in 1536 Wales was united with England.
Despite the conquest, Wales has maintained its unique culture and strong
national identity, particularly through its language. Welsh, a Celtic language, very
different from English, is one of the oldest languages in Europe. However, in the
19th century and first half of the 20th century, the Welsh language declined. The
British government made English the official language and English was the only
language allowed in schools. Since the 1960s, though, there has been a revival of
the Welsh language. Welsh is also an official language, it is taught in schools and
there is a Welsh language TV channel.
A tradition of storytelling, poetry and singing began in the castles of the Welsh
princes in the middle ages and continues today. Every year eisteddfods are held
around the country. An eisteddfod is a meeting of poets and singers who take
part in competitions. As well as literature in the Welsh language, Wales has
produced important poets in English such as Dylan Thomas and R.S. Thomas.
Wales is a musical nation and choirs are important. Nowadays, when the national
rugby team plays in Cardiff, 80,000 voices can be heard singing the Welsh hymn
Bread of Heaven.
The flag of Wales, with its red dragon, is one of the oldest in the world. It was
brought to Britain by the Romans. The patron saint of Wales is St. David. The leek
is another symbol of Wales. According to legend, St. David ordered his soldiers
to wear them on their helmets before the Welsh fought a victorious battle over
the Saxons.
Nr
Items
I. b) Accomplish the tasks below, using the following instructions:
tick the correct variant;
answer the questions;
match the words with their definitions;
find / give antonyms or synonyms;
express your point of view;
agree or disagree.
58
Results
1.
2.
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II. Grammar
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10. This is the smallest car _________ has ever been made.
a) who
b) whom
c) which
d) whose
11. Sue, please help ___________to some cake. And would you like some
coffee?
a) yourself
b) herself
c) yourselves
d) myself
60
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61
Test 15
I. a) Read the text attentively.
Michelangelo
Michelangelo (1475-1564) was one of the most inspired creators in the history
of art. As a sculptor, an architect, a painter, and a poet, he had a tremendous
influence on all his contemporaries.
He was born near Arezzo, but it was Florence that he considered to be his
home town. What he loved above all was the citys art, architecture, and culture.
Initially, he concentrated on sculpture. In 1501 he began to carve a figure of
David from a huge block of marble. This was finished in 1504, when he was 29.
David is shown with a sling on his shoulder, looking into the distance.
Later, Michelangelo was asked by Pope Julius II to paint the ceiling of the Sistine
Chapel. Every day for four years, from 1508 till 1512, he worked on his task, lying
on his back at the top of high scaffolding, his neck stiff, with paint trickling onto
his face. It is the Sistine ceiling that displays Michelangelo at the full stretch of
his majesty. Recent cleaning and restoration have exposed this astonishing work
in the original vigour of its colour. The sublime forms, surging with desperate
energy, tremendous with vitality, have always been recognized as uniquely grand.
Now these splendid shapes are seen to be intensely alive in their colour, indeed
shockingly so for those who liked them in their previous dim grandeur.
He designed many buildings, but it was his work at St. Peters Basilica that
represented his greatest achievement as an architect. His dome became the model
for domes all over the western world. What is difficult to appreciate nowadays is
its revolutionary design.
There is a small group of artists such as Shakespeare and Beethoven, who,
through their work, have been able to express the deepest experiences of humanity.
Michelangelo belongs to this group.
Nr
Items
I. b) Accomplish the tasks below, using the following instructions:
tick the correct variant;
answer the questions;
match the words with their definitions;
find / give antonyms or synonyms;
express your point of view;
agree or disagree.
1.
Michelangelo lived:
87 years
89 years
90 years
62
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III. Creativity
Outline in 10 sentences your opinion on the following topic:
Animals.
Write a brief story describing how certain animals are helpful to man.
65
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Test 16
66
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Why did the scientists decide that the dolphins had talked to one
another?
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
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10 p.
III. Creativity
Outline in 10 sentences your opinion on the following topic:
The librarian.
Imagine you have been chosen to be a librarian for a day. Describe your
working day.
69
20 p.
Test 17
I. a) Read the text attentively.
Arctic Ice May Disappear in a Decade
A new report on global warming predicts the frozen Arctic Ocean will soon
be like a normal sea in the summers. There are shocking changes happening in
the polar environment and its fragile eco-systems. For millions of years, the sea
around the North Pole has been frozen all year round. Recent research from the
World Wildlife Fund (WWF) and the Catlin Atlantic Survey show things are
changing fast. They predict that within a decade, the Arctic will be largely ice-free
in the summer. They base their prediction on the rate at which the sea ice is currently thinning. The lead researcher, Professor Peter Wadhams, said: The area
is now more likely to become open water each summer, bringing forward the
potential date when the summer sea ice will be completely gone.
An ice-free Arctic will have consequences for the whole worlds weather patterns. The Arctic Ocean ice is a key part of the Earths climate system. Experts
call it Earths refrigerator. They said that as it disappears, the world will become a lot warmer. Scientists are still unclear exactly what changes there will
be to our weather. Forecasters predict an increase in all kinds of disasters and
extreme weather events. These include massive flooding, much more dangerous
hurricanes and the spread of the worlds deserts. These new findings provide an
urgent call for world leaders to act. The timing of the WWF report is a reminder
to those attending the UN climate summit in Copenhagen in December. Rich
countries will face pressure to agree to reduce their carbon emissions by 40 per
cent by 2020.
Nr
Items
I. b) Accomplish the tasks below, using the following instructions:
tick the correct variant;
answer the questions;
match the words with their definitions;
find / give antonyms or synonyms;
express your point of view;
agree or disagree.
1. Which of the following disasters are mentioned in the text?
earthquake
tsunami
hurricane
tornado
2. Experts believe there will be:
more floods
larger deserts
more hurricanes
more earthquakes
70
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10. The disappearing Arctic ice will have little effect on our weather.
True
False
because
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
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40 p.
II. Grammar
72
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III. Creativity
73
Test 18
I. a) Read the text attentively.
Popular Sports around the World.
For centuries, people have been playing kicking games with a ball. The game
of soccer developed from some of these early games. The English probably gave
soccer its name and its first set of rules. In European countries, soccer is called
football or association football.
Organized soccer games began in 1863. In soccer, two teams of eleven players
try to kick or head the ball into their opponents goal. The goalie, who tries to keep
the ball out of the goal, is the only player on the field who is allowed to touch the
ball with his or her hands.
Brazil is the home of many great soccer players, including the most famous
player of all, Pel. With his fast footwork, dazzling speed, and great scoring ability.
During his 22 years in soccer, he scored 1,281 goals and held every major record
for the sport.
James Naismith, a physical education teacher in Massachusetts, invented
basketball in 1891. Naismiths boss asked him to invent a game that students could
play indoors during bad weather.
Naismith attached peach baskets to a railing ten feet above the floor at either end
of the gym. The players used a soccer ball.
A person sat on a ladder next to each basket at either end of the gym, and threw
out the balls that landed in the baskets.
Two years later, metal hoops with net bags replaced the peach baskets. Officials
pulled a string on the nets to release the balls that went in. In 1894, Naismith added
the backboard behind each net and changed to a larger ball. In 1913, people began
using the bottomless nets that are used today.
By the 1900s, basketball was the most popular indoor sport. Athletes in
approximately 130 countries play the game. Basketball is especially popular in the
United States, China, and Puerto Rico.
Baseball began in the United States in the early 1800s. Some people believe that
Abner Doubleday invented the game. Others think that baseball came from an old
British sport called rounders. Baseball and rounders are very similar. However, in
rounders the field players throw the ball right at the runner. If the ball hits the
runner, he or she is out. In baseball, a field player just touches the ball to the base or
the running player to get the player out.
Every spring in the United States, people of all ages play baseball at local baseball
fields. Its no wonder that baseball is called the national pastime of the United
States.
74
Nr
Items
I. b) Accomplish the tasks below, using the following instructions:
tick the correct variant;
answer the questions;
match the words with their definitions;
find / give antonyms or synonyms;
express your point of view;
agree or disagree.
1. Which of the following events happened first?
basketball was invented
World Cup competition was invented
baseball began in the U.S.
organized soccer games began
2. Find in the text antonyms for the words given below:
in front - __________________________________
excluding - ________________________________
3.
Find in the text the synonym for each line of the words given below:
in the house, inside, within, in - ______________________________
aptitude, skill, capacity - ____________________________________
most likely, perhaps, maybe - ________________________________
entertainment, leisure - ____________________________________
4.
5.
6.
75
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40 p.
II. Grammar
76
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10 p.
III. Creativity
Outline in 10 sentences your opinion on the following topic:
A Space adventure.
If you could travel anywhere in space where would you go and why. What do
you think it would be like? Whom and what would you take with you?
20 p.
77
Test 19
I. a) Read the text attentively.
The Mystery of the Maya
The Mayan Indians lived in Mexico for thousands of years before the Spanish
arrived in the 1500s. The Maya were an intelligent, culturally rich people whose
achievements were many. They had farms, beautiful palaces, and cities with many
buildings. The Mayan people knew a lot about nature and the world around them.
This knowledge helped them to live a better life than most people of that time,
because they could use it to make their lives more comfortable and rewarding.
Knowledge about tools and farming, for instance, made their work easier and
more productive.
They planted seeds by digging holes in the ground with pointed sticks. A
farmer was able to grow crops that produced food for several people. But not
every Maya had to be a farmer. Some were cloth makers, builders, or priests.
The Maya believed in many gods, including rain gods, sun gods, and corn
gods. The people built large temples to honour the Mayan gods. Skillful workers
built resistent cities around these temples. Today many of these ancient Mayan
cities and temples are still standing.
Although the cities that the Maya built were beautiful, and the people worked
hard to build them, very few of the people lived in them. Usually, only the priests
lived in the cities.
The other people lived in small villages in the forests. They lived in small huts
with no windows. The walls were made of poles covered with dried mud, and the
roof was made of grass or leaves. Most Maya lived a simple life close to nature.
Measuring time was important to the Maya, so they developed a system for
measuring it accurately. Farmers needed to know when to plant and harvest their
crops. Mayan priests made a system to keep track of time. They wrote numbers
as dots (...) and bars (-). A dot was one and a bar was five.
The Mayan priests studied the Sun, Moon, stars, and planets. They made a
calendar from what they learned. The year was divided into 18 months of 20 days
each with five days left over. The Mayan calendar was far more accurate than the
European calendars of the time.
Around the year 800, the Maya left their villages and beautiful cities, never
to return. No one knows why this happened. They may have died from an
infectious disease. They may have left because the soil could no longer grow
crops. Archaeologists are still trying to find the lost secrets of the Maya. They are
still one of our greatest mysteries.
78
Nr
Items
I. b) Accomplish the tasks below, using the following instructions:
tick the correct variant;
answer the questions;
match the words with their definitions;
find / give antonyms or synonyms;
express your point of view;
agree or disagree.
1.
The Maya lived in Mexico:
only after the Spanish had arrived.
at the same time as the Spanish.
only for a few years.
thousands of years before the Spanish.
2.
Where did MOST Maya live?
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
3.
Who did the Maya believe in?
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
4.
Find in the text the synonym for the lines of the words given below:
accomplishments, realizations, attainments _______________
significant, main, chief, essential _________________________
places for worship, holy places, sanctuaries ________________
precise, correct, exact _________________________________
5.
6.
Why are many Mayan cities and temples still standing today?
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
According to the text, why did the Maya leave their villages and
beautiful cities?
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
79
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____________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
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II. Grammar
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81
Test 20
I. a) Read the text attentively.
The Statue of Liberty
On July 4, 1884 France presented the United States with an incredible birthday
gift: the Statue of Liberty! Without its pedestal its as tall as a 15-story building.
She represents the United States. But the world-famous Statue of Liberty standing
in New York Harbour was built in France. The statue was presented to the U.S.,
Harbour, taken apart, shipped across the Atlantic Ocean in crates, and rebuilt in
the U.S. It was Frances gift to the American people.
It all started at dinner one night near Paris in 1865. A group of Frenchmen
were discussing their dictator-like emperor and the democratic government of
the U.S. They decided to build a monument to American freedomand perhaps
even strengthen French demands for democracy in their own country. At that
dinner there was the sculptor Frdric-Auguste Bartholdi. He imagined a statue
of a woman holding a torch burning with the light of freedom.Turning Bartholdis
idea into reality took 21 years. French supporters raised money to build the statue,
and Americans paid for the pedestal it would stand on. Finally, in 1886, the statue
was dedicated.
The Statue of Liberty functioned as a lighthouse from 1886 to 1902. Except
for a period of time between September 11, 2001, and July 4, 2009, the interior
of the statue has been open to visitors. Visitors must purchase crown tickets in
advance. Once they arrive by ferry, they must check in at the information centre,
then go to the base to start the walking up the monument. The climb to the top
is 146 stairs.
The Statue of Liberty was engineered to withstand heavy winds. Winds of
50miles per hour (80km/h) cause the Statue to sway 3inches (76mm) and the
torch to sway 5 inches (130 mm). This allows the Statue to move rather than
break in high wind conditions.
The statues image has been used in many ways over the years - welcoming
immigrants, encouraging support of the armed forces, and even to sell lemons.
The statues museum, located in the pedestal, shows how it was conceived,
constructed, and restored, and also allows visitors to see full scale replicas of her
face and foot up close.
82
Nr
Items
I. b) Accomplish the tasks below, using the following instructions:
tick the correct variant;
answer the questions;
match the words with their definitions;
find / give antonyms or synonyms;
express your point of view;
agree or disagree.
1. Where was the Statue of Liberty built?
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
2. The Statue of Liberty represents:
the USA
the American people
a group of Frenchmen
the French Democracy
3. Who presented the US with the Statue of Liberty and when?
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
4. What are the steps to follow in order to be accepted as a visitor and
to reach the top of the statue?
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
5. Where is the Statue of Liberty situated?
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
6. What were the sculptors of the Statue of Liberty inspired by?
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
83
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________________ a boat or ship for conveying passengers or goods.
________________ make or become stronger.
________________ a person who comes to live permanently in a
foreign country.
________________ the ruler of an empire.
10. The Statue of Liberty can break in high wind conditions.
True / False because
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
9.
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II. Grammar
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85
1. Mobile phones
4. Health hazards
breakdown a mechanical failure; loss of (esp.
mental) health; collapse;
lung either of the pair of respiratory organs
in humans and many other vertebrates.
tissue any of the coherent collections of
specialized cells of which animals or plants
are made
(muscular tissue);
to light up begin to smoke a cigarette etc.
86
8. Computers
15. Michelangelo
16. Dolphins
to stroke pass ones hand gently along the
surface of (hair or fur etc.).
87
88