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file:///C:/Altairwin64/hw10.1/help/hwsolvers/os5000.htm
The structural model, shown in figure 1, is loaded into HyperMesh and is used to generate and run a shape optimization of the cantilever beam. Shape perturbation vectors are generated using HyperMorph, which is accessed, through the HyperMesh interface. The OptiStruct software is used to determine the optimal shape. The results are then reviewed in HyperView. The optimization problem for this tutorial is stated as: Objective: Constraints: Design variables: In this tutorial, you will: Set up the shape optimization problem in HyperMesh Post-process the results in HyperView Minimize volume. Given maximum nodal displacement at the end of the beam < 3.0 mm. Shape variables defined with HyperMorph.
Exercise
Step 1: Load the OptiStruct User Profile and Retrieve the Geometry
1. Launch HyperMesh. 2. Choose OptiStruct as the User Profile and click OK. This loads the user profile. It includes the appropriate template, macro menu, and import reader, paring down the functionality of HyperMesh to what is relevant for generating models in Bulk Data Format for RADIOSS and OptiStruct. User Profiles can also be accessed from the Preferences pull-down menu on the toolbar.
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RADIOSS, MotionSolve, and OptiStruct Tutorials > OptiStruct > Shape O...
file:///C:/Altairwin64/hw10.1/help/hwsolvers/os5000.htm
3. Select the File panel toolbar button. 4. Select the beamshape.hm file, located in the HyperWorks installation directory under <install_directory>/tutorials/hwsolvers/optistruct/. 5. Click Open. The beamshape.hm is loaded into the current HyperMesh session, replacing any existing data. The database only contains geometric data. Note the location of beamshape.hm now displays in the file: field.
Setting up the shape optimization problem in HyperMesh Step 2: Create Shapes using HyperMorph
This section makes use of HyperMorph. For a more detailed description of the functionality of HyperMorph, please refer to the HyperMorph section of the HyperMesh documentation. 1. From the Analysis page, click on the optimization panel. 2. Select the HyperMorph panel. 3. Select the domains panel. 4. Select the create subpanel using the radio buttons on the left side of the panel. 5. Change the switch subpanel to auto functions and keep the default settings. 6. Click generate. A number of domains and handles are created which will enable us to morph the shape of the beam. There are two types of handles: global handles, which are represented by larger red balls; local handles, which are represented by smaller yellow balls. Only local handles will be covered in this tutorial. 7. Click return to return to the HyperMorph panel. 8. Select the morph panel. 9. Select the move handles subpanel. 10. Click the right-hand switch and select move to node from the pop-up menu. 11. If the handle button is not highlighted, click on it. 12. Select the top right local handle (where the force is applied) by clicking on it in the graphics window. Figure 2 shows the node to be selected in black.
13. If the nodes button is not highlighted, click on it. 14. Select the node in the middle of the right-hand side of the beam. The beam instantly changes shape, so that the handle you selected moved to the location of the node you selected. See figure 3 below. Note how the mesh adjusted to this change in shape.
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RADIOSS, MotionSolve, and OptiStruct Tutorials > OptiStruct > Shape O...
file:///C:/Altairwin64/hw10.1/help/hwsolvers/os5000.htm
15. Select the save shape subpanel. 16. Click shape = and enter shape1. 17. You can select the color button and change the color of the shape vectors or leave the default color set. 18. Set the toggle under shape = to as node perturbations. 19. Click save. 20. Click Yes. This shape has been saved, and can be associated with a design variable later. 21. Click undo all. The model returns to its original shape. 22. Click return to return to the HyperMorph panel. 23. Select the handles panel. 24. Select the create subpanel using the radio buttons on the left-hand side of the panel. 25. Click on name = and enter aux1. 26. Click on domain and select the top edge domain by clicking on the top edge in the graphics window. 27. To ensure that you select the top edge domain, hold down the left mouse button and move the mouse over the top edge of the beam until the edge is highlighted (white), then release the mouse button. 28. Set the toggle to by nodes. 29. Click on nodes and select the node at the center of the top edge of the beam by clicking on it in the graphics window. 30. Click create. A new handle, 'aux1', is created at the center of the top edge of the beam, see figure 4.
Figure 4. New handle added at the center of the top edge of the beam.
31. Click return to return to the HyperMorph panel. 32. Select the morph panel. 33. Select the move handles subpanel. 34. Click the switch beside move to node and select interactive from the pop-up menu. 35. The handle button should be highlighted. If not, click on it. 36. Select the handle you just created by clicking on it in the graphics window. 37. Click morph. 38. Click the new handle in the graphics window and keep the mouse button held down.
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RADIOSS, MotionSolve, and OptiStruct Tutorials > OptiStruct > Shape O...
file:///C:/Altairwin64/hw10.1/help/hwsolvers/os5000.htm
39. Move the mouse downwards in a straight line. 40. Note how the mesh morphs interactively as you move the handle. 41. When the handle is roughly at what was the center of the beam, release the mouse button.
42. Select the set biasing subpanel using the radio buttons on the left-hand side of the panel. 43. Click on handles. 44. Check the box next to aux1 and click select. 45. Verify that the box next to make retroactive is checked. 46. Switch the bias to screen edit. 47. Click screen edit. The number 1.000 appears next to the handle 'aux1'. 48. Click the number and keep the mouse button held down. If you move the mouse upwards the number increases, if you move the mouse downwards the number decreases. 49. Move the mouse upwards until the value reads 1.500, then release the button and click update. 50. Note how the curvature of the top edge has altered. See Figure 6.
51. Select the save as shape subpanel using the radio buttons on the left-hand side of the panel. 52. Click shape = and enter shape2. 53. Select a color or leave the default. 54. Set the toggle under shape= to as node perturbations. 55. Click save. 56. Click Yes in the dialog box that asks if you want to Save perturbations for nodes at global and morph volume handles. We have now saved this shape, later we can associate it to a design variable. 57. Click undo all. The model returns to its original shape. 58. Click return twice to return to the OptiStruct panel.
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RADIOSS, MotionSolve, and OptiStruct Tutorials > OptiStruct > Shape O...
file:///C:/Altairwin64/hw10.1/help/hwsolvers/os5000.htm
1. Select the shape panel. 2. Select the desvar subpanel. 3. Switch the design variable option from single desvar to multiple desvars. 4. Click shapes. 5. Check the boxes next to shape1 and shape2 and click select. 6. Click create. Two shape design variables are created using the shapes that were saved earlier. 7. Click return to return to the optimization panel.
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file:///C:/Altairwin64/hw10.1/help/hwsolvers/os5000.htm
A constraint is defined on the response 'disp'. The constraint is an upper bound with a value of 3.0. The constraint applies to the subcase 'Load'.
3. Select the directory where you would like to write the OptiStruct model file and enter the name for the model, beamshape.fem, in the File name: field. The .fem extension is suggested for OptiStruct input decks. 4. Click Save. Note that the name and location of the beamshape.fem file is now displayed in the input file: field. 5. Set the memory options: toggle to memory default. 6. Click the run options: switch and select optimization. 7. Set the export options: toggle to all. 8. Click OptiStruct. This launches the OptiStruct job. If the job was successful, new results files can be seen in the directory where the OptiStruct model file was written. The beamshape.out file is a good place to look for error messages that will help to debug the input deck if any errors are present. Make sure the process is complete before checking the results files.
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RADIOSS, MotionSolve, and OptiStruct Tutorials > OptiStruct > Shape O...
file:///C:/Altairwin64/hw10.1/help/hwsolvers/os5000.htm
This section describes how to view results in HyperView, which will be launched from within the OptiStruct panel of HyperMesh. HyperView is a comprehensive post-processing and visualization environment for finite element analysis (FEA), multi-body system simulation, video and engineering data.
7. Set the Result type: to Shape change (v). 8. Select Mag. 9. Click Apply.
Step 10: View a Contour Plot of the Displacement on Top of the Shape Optimized Model
1. Click the Next Page arrow to move to page 2. 2. From the Graphics pull-down menu, choose the Select Load Case option. 3. In the Load Case and Simulation Selection dialog, select the last iteration from Simulation (load final iteration results).
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file:///C:/Altairwin64/hw10.1/help/hwsolvers/os5000.htm
4. Click OK. 5. Go to the Deformed panel and set Shape Change (v) as the Result type:. 6. Click Apply. The optimized shape of the beam is shown on the screen now. 7. Go to the Contour panel and select Displacement (v) as the Result type:. 8. Select Mag using the toggle. 9. Click Apply. 10. Click the Measure panel toolbar button .
11. Check the box in front of Static MinMax Result. 12. Notice that node 1115 has a displacement which is within the constraint value.
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