Chapter two

LitERATURE review 2.0 Introduction 2.1 RELATED LITERATURE 2.1.1THE CONCEPT SPONSORSHIP According to dictionary.com, sponsorship is defined as one who recommends or supports. At gulu university or as in reference to this study, sponsorship is used more in reference to financial support to a student with a specific goal towards academic endeavour.this is one aspect of the challenges faced in gulu university just like other universities(quote needed) hence imperative to the academic freedom of the student. Given an enabling academic environment through efforts like sponsorship academic performances of students are expected to soar leading to empowerment of the community through post conflict programs and development designed and implemented by professionals there by attaining human right a universal declaration of the United Nations which Uganda is a signatory. In this study sponsorship is the independent variable while academic performance is the dependent variable while the education system processes student background and basic skills are the extraneous variables. This is further illustrated in the drawing below. Conceptual framework.

I.V

EDUCATION SYSTEM PROCESSES Background

D.V

Basicskills

According to the above drawing, the independent variable entails sponsorship and its related sources mostly applied at Gulu University like internship/apprenticeship, research sponsorship, and tuition and upkeep fee s. The second square is the education system processes like management of education systems .as noted at Gulu University there are several management structures like academic and administration. There are also planning and support structures. these ensures that the necessary facilities are up and running well thus ensuring quality assurance in the provision of academic programmes at the University.

SPONSORSHIP AND ACADEMIC FREEDOM Internships: internship and apprenticeship of students from various faculties like agriculture and medicine influence on academic performance. University characteristics: the sources of tuition and functional fees

2.1.2SPONSORSHIP AND COMMUNITY EMPOWERMENT/HUMAN RIGHTS AWARENESS Admissions and selection WOMEN ENROLMENT AND THE NUMBER OF WOMEN UNIVERSITY GRADUATES

2.2.1 EDUCATION AND DEVELOPMENT The development of education sector in Uganda has been guided by the First Education Sector Investment Plan1998-2003,and the second ESIP in 2004-2015.this has enormously increased access to education, resource mobilization and a sector wide approach. The ESIP 1998-2004 HAD Shortfalls in the improvement of education quality, the delivery of education services, irresponsibility at district level and the development of capacity in strategic planning and development ESIP encourages civil society involvement like the expansion of classrooms especially with the increased enrollment of UPE.the community take up the responsibility of recruiting and retaining teachers with a bigger perpective,ESIP engages the education challenges from a holistic view in that education from pre primary through to university is attended to. Education has been a success in Uganda lately since it is engaging the international perspective thus MDG and EFA.(EDN FOR ALL) 2.2.2ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE AND .EDUCATION PLANNING,MANAGEMENT AND university facilities B/G OF STUDENTS EDUCATION LEARNING CONDITIONS: Level ofacademic/ lecturers qualifications ,students ,support staff BASIC SKILLS AND CARREER GUIDANCE Student background:gender,socio-econ b/g,tribal b/g n institutions Individual student xtics/behavior:motivation,belief system,health,learning abilities n basic skills