Manly Field Trip

Manly Field Trip

The Manly Field Trip Assignment must be submitted as one document only with all information in one file - Please label file with GSE826 Your Full Name and Manly. Submit to Barbara Almond via email - (Barbara.Almond-1@uts.edu.au)

Is Manly a sustainable tourism destination?

Objectives The aim of the field trip is to engage you in looking, examining and analysing a tourist destination from a tourism and environment point of view, to engage you in observing tourisms environmental interactions within a specific setting and recognise the resource implications for development, management and operation of tourism. Further it gives you an opportunity to develop and demonstrate an understanding of the varying interpretations of the concept of sustainability and how these apply to the management of tourism attractions, enterprises and destinations. The Scenario You have graduated from your degree and are now working as a tourism consultant. Your first contract involves working with a small group of colleagues to complete this document and the questions in it, which is like starting to prepare a tourism master plan for the Manly local area. What information do you need to gather and how will you obtain it? How will you interpret this information and from it derive statements about the most appropriate future direction of tourism in Manly? The field trip is designed to get you thinking about these issues. A framework of issues is provided that you need to consider as you gather information for your master plan.

With your team of consultants (your small group of 3 or 4) 1. Firstly review the information that you need to gather about the local Manly area: interpretation provided for tourists, the level of tourism directed development (eg hotels, businesses, facilities), existing levels of development, the view of the local community, the areas natural tourism resources, cultural/heritage resources, climate, infrastructure, tourism facilities and attractions (provided on the following pages). 2. Once you have familiarised yourself with the information needs of the consultancy go out into the community and collect the relevant data. This might involve talking to Manly residents and business owners, dropping into tourist information centres, the local environment centre etc. It will almost certainly involve walking around the local area and observing the variety of ways in which tourism interacts with the local environment with a mind to meeting the information needs of your master plan consultancy. 1

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NOTE: When interviewing people, if goes without saying that you should be polite, introduce yourself, explain you are doing a student project and ask if you may ask some questions, and how long that may take. You must accept the right of a person to refuse to answer questions or to stop answering whenever it suits them. We will discuss this in Class including ethics and approach. In your group of 3-4, you will need to finish the questions and information in this document but you will submit a report individually. The task is to assess Is Manly a sustainable tourism destination? If so, what evidence do you have to support this? If not, what would you do to change this? This evidence will be based on your key findings from the information you have gathered which should be used to respond to the answers that you will find in this document. Schedule: Friday 30th March 2011 - 10 am - 5 pm To start meet Stephen Wearing at the picnic shelter opposite and north from the Novotel (near Denison St (see blue logo of Novotel on map) on the Manly Beach end of the Corso please be there by 10 am.

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Timetable
10 am Meeting at Picnic Shelter Manly Beach 10.05 am 12 pm Lunch Walking Tour Picnic Shelter - Shelley Beach Corso, Manly Wharf Bring Lunch See Map

1 pm - 3 Students Groups able to look Time to walk around Manly and look at the various pm at Manly and respond to elements and answer the questions questions 3pm - 5 Questions pm and Answers Meet outside the Steyne Hotel Corso

Session + Evaluation If raining bring umbrella and raincoat it will still be on

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Information That Might be Required (Initial questions to complete)

Question 1 Interpretive information for tourists, does it impact on the tourist? Try obtaining some of the tourist literature on the area and see how it engages you. Make some notes. Does the material emphasize Manlys development as a sustainable tourism resort? (150 words)

Question 2 Tourism Development does it change the space and place of Manly? Can you distinguish what has been developed for tourism and what for other uses? (150 words) Make some notes. Note: Read the reading provided for Manly - One Man and his Boat (and Hotel and Pier ): Henry Gilbert Smith and the Establishment of Manly, Australia.

Question 3 Impact of residential development and commercial development on Manly. Does there appear to be a lot of development in the CBD area and along the waterfront. What do you think? How did you reach this conclusion? How might you find out? (150 words)

Question 4 The Corso a tourism corridor does it work what impacts does it have? (150 words)

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Manly- Is Tourism for Our Community A PRELIMINARY QUESTIONNAIRE (Ask a few local residents in Manly)

Is your community dependent upon one Benefits industry? If so, perhaps tourism could diversify the Yes economic base. No Costs An expanded tourism industry could require additional infrastructure.

Are local businesses...... expanding? stable? declining?

Benefits If "stable" or "declining", then tourism may provide a needed boost. Costs If "declining" then improvements may need to be undertaken.

Is unemployment seasonal? No Yes

Benefits If developed during the slack season tourism may help. Costs Some residents may desire a slack season and resent the "congestion" during the time they anticipate "peace and quiet".

Are the unemployed ...... skilled? unskilled? what is the unemployment rate

Benefits If "unskilled", they may benefit from an increased need for service workers with minimum skills. If "skilled", you may have to creatively explore symbiotic connections (e.g. entrepreneurial activities). Costs If "unskilled", then training may be both desirable and required through local schools or job-training agencies.

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Is there an appropriate labour force available Benefits locally? If so, perhaps tourism could provide needed Yes jobs. No Costs If not, you may have to "import" workers from nearby suburbs or ..?.

Is the diversity of natural environments? inadequate? considerable? somewhere in between?

Benefits If "inadequate", expanded tourism activity may stimulate more diversity. If "considerable", the diversity may be a drawing card for more visitors. Costs If "inadequate", then a greater diversity may have to be encouraged, which is sometimes difficult and may require extensive economic development work.

Are your major natural areas and town main entrances? attractive? in need of clean up? in need of major restoration and repair?

Benefits If "attractive" you have a greater potential for attracting and holding visitors. If "in need of clean up", community organisations might be mobilised and the results will boost community morale, as well as set the stage for increased tourism activity. Costs If "in need of major restoration and repair", then funding will be required; however, this can be done gradually. After the initial stages, increased tax revenues may be used. Be sure to evaluate signage, roadways, parking, restroom facilities, trash disposal, and public safety.

On the issue of increased tourism activity, is Benefits your community in.... If "in agreement" then you will have the agreement? support you need to market your area. uncertain? at opposite poles? Costs Of "uncertain" or "at opposite poles" then you need to invest time for education and consensus building so residents and business people will be hospitable hosts to your visitors.

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Are local cultural activities... thriving? struggling? of top quality? silly? Example: Jazz Festival

Benefits If "thriving" and of "top quality", you may be able to quickly appeal to an expanded audience and thereby generate greater support from a broader base. You can then offer more and the community will benefit through expanded cultural horizons. Costs If "struggling" and "silly", you will need to upgrade. This will take time and may meet with resistance. There may be concern by local residents about "sharing" space and activities with others.

What about recreational activities? anything to do? Not much. Yes, Many unique choices.

Is there Benefits If you answered "many unique choices", you are sitting on a gold mine. If you said "yes, but you have to know where to look", you may have a gold mine once you conduct an inventory and arrange for display and distribution of information. Costs If you said "not much", then you either have little potential to attract visitors, or you need to look at your community through the eyes of an outsider. A fresh perspective sometimes creates a new picture.
Source: Adapted from Rural Tourism Marketing, Rural Tourism Centre, California State Tourism Office.

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Thinking Point:
What did you find out from asking the questionnaire a lot of people not interested or they didnt know much? This is fairly normal. How do you engage with the public to gain information? Well! Tourism development connects tourists and providers of tourist facilities and services with advocates of environmental protection and community residents and their leaders who desire a better quality of life through an understanding of the interactions that occur and therefore an ability to examine how a reduction of the likely impacts might be achieved. Each of the above groups has its constituents. As they realise how their interests overlap and as they identify common goals, they will be more inclined to collaborate, as shown in Figure 1. The environment is the basis for the natural and cultural resources for attracting tourists. Therefore, environmental protection is essential for the long-term success of tourism. Carrying capacity is a key concept in planning for sustainable tourism development. The concept refers to the maximum use which can be made of a site without causing detrimental effects on its resources, diminishing tourist satisfaction levels or generating socio-economic problems for the local community. Communities receive various benefits of tourism, which should lead to an improved quality of life for residents. However, it is essential that community residents be involved in the decision-making on planning, developing and managing ecotourism and receives equitable benefits from this sector. Community participation can be encouraged in various ways. Through the co-operation and productive interaction of the tourism industry, environmental protectors and community, all can benefit and achieve an improved quality of life for the community.

FIGURE 1: Establishing Stakeholders in the Impacts of Tourism Development

Tourism Industry

Natural Environment Agencies and Groups

General Community

I.

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II.

TOURISM

Tourism, particularly in Australia, relies on natural resources such as unusual vegetation and wildlife for viewing and photography, marine areas of reefs and sea life for diving, caves for exploration, mountains for trekking, and adventurous forms of water recreation are attracting the new types of tourists. Also, cultural heritage attractions such as archaeological, historic and religious sites, architecturally interesting buildings, museums, ethnic life styles, cultural festivals, and traditional and contemporary crafts and fine arts, dance, music and drama. Cultural heritage also includes sites related to industrial archaeology, and traditional and contemporary economic activities. All are environments subject to interaction with the tourist and the tourism industry and as a result impacts occur. Tour operators and Travel agents are already offering a greater variety of tourism products tailored to many different market segments. New tourist Destinations will be theme-based and activity oriented especially focusing on recreation, nature and culture. Carefully planned and managed resorts and other types of tourist facilities can limit negative environmental impacts that characterise some destinations of the past. Why people travel - to visit friends and relatives, for relaxation and recreation, meeting people, personal growth and development, learning about new places, cultural enrichment and interaction, spiritual renewal, pursuing special interests, combining business and pleasure pursuits, - is only part of the picture. How tourists make travel decisions is also important. They obtain advice and information affecting their choice of destination from various sources: Travel agencies Clubs and special interest groups' News reports Travel guidebook Friends and relatives Brochures and other promotional materials Articles in newspapers and magazines Commercial advertisements in the popular media

Stories and documentaries in books, movies, television and video.

A. The Environment
Conservation and preservation of natural resources and cultural heritage are global as well as local concerns. For tourism to be sustainable, the type and extent of tourism activity must be balanced against the capacity of the natural and man-made resources available. Carrying Capacity is fundamental to environmental protection and sustainable development. It refers to the maximum use of any site without causing negative effects on the resources, reducing visitor satisfaction, or exerting adverse impact upon the society, economy and culture of the area. Carrying capacity limits can sometimes be difficult to quantify, but they are essential to environmental planning for tourism and recreation. Tourism carrying capacity includes physical, biological, social and psychological/perceptual aspects of the tourism environment. There are three distinct types: Biophysical (ecological) - which relates to the natural environment.

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Socio-cultural - which relates primarily to the impact on the host population and its culture. Facility - which relates to the visitor experience.

Carrying capacity varies according to season and, over time, factors such as tourists' behavioural patterns, facility design and management, the dynamic character of the environment, and the changing attitudes of the host community. Carrying capacity is considered at the three stages of policy formulation - detailed studies, implementation and monitoring. In developing sustainable tourism, respecting carrying capacity is necessary.

1.

B. The Community

While communities often want the benefits of tourism, they may lack a realistic understanding of what is involved in achieving this development and what are the impacts of tourism. Your aim as a professional is to encourage community participation from the early stages of planning so that the community has realistic expectations of tourism and its impacts. A process of consensus building can be applied in reaching understanding and agreement on the most appropriate form and extent of tourism to be developed in the area, and how community residents can best benefit from this development. The more the residents of the community benefit from tourism, the more they will be motivated to protect the area's natural environment and cultural heritage and support tourism activities. Potential community benefits include the following: New jobs and income. New business investment opportunities. Increased government revenues. Improved infrastructure and community facilities and services including water supply, waste disposal, roads, health care, and security. Increased markets for local products. Improved opportunities for job skills training and upward mobility. Improved recreational and cultural facilities and activities, which residents as well as tourists can use. A heightened awareness and appreciation of the community's natural and cultural heritage.

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2.

Tourism and the Community

FIGURE 2: Tourists spend money in a variety of places. This produces additional economic benefits elsewhere in the community, with businesses that purchase supplies and services locally or elsewhere. The business, in turn, purchases supplies and services they need to operate and through successive rounds of purchases, the initial direct expenditures of visitors spread and multiply throughout the local and regional economy. The following diagram shows how tourism spending flows through the local community.

TOURISTS $ | | V
TRANSPORTATION, FOOD, LODGING, AMUSEMENT, VISITING LOCAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL etc. | | | V LOCAL GOODS WAGES, SALARIES, PROFITS, TAXES OUTSIDE GOODS

Parks, Leisure Centre, Theatre, Shops, Handcraft Stores

THE COMMUNITY
Source: Adapted from Guidelines for Tourism Development, the University of Missouri, Department of Recreation and Park Administration for the US Department of Commerce, Travel and Tourism Administration and Economic Development Administration, USA, 1986.

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The Tourism Industry, the Environment and the Community

The tourism industry seems a healthy business environment with: financial security; a trained and responsible workforce; attractions of sufficient quality to ensure a steady flow of visitors - who stay longer and visit more often. Those interested in natural environment and cultural/heritage issues seek: protection of the environment through prevention, improvement, correction of damage, and restoration; to motivate people to be more aware - and therefore "care for" rather than "use up" resources. Community members seek a healthy place in which to live with: food, adequate and clean water, health care, rewarding work for equitable pay, education and recreation. respect for cultural traditions opportunities to make decisions about the future. Some common concerns may include: issues of access, such as when, where and how tourists visit and move from place to place; host and guest issues, such as cultural impact or common use of infrastructure; land use issues, such as hunting/wildlife habitat, agriculture/recreation, preservation/development, etc.

Questions to Answer
5. What issues relate to the Manly community? (This one answered for you as an example) Community members seek: recreational space that has a relaxed beach atmosphere and which allows them to enjoy their beautiful surroundings and engage in outdoor activities main reason for living at a prime beach side location. maintain the environmental attractiveness of Manly by pursuing environmental friendly developments (recycle, minimise waste, protect natural assets) and a sustainable way of living. keep a local feel and allow for usual day to day activities such as going to work, school, grocery shopping, medical visits etc. without major disruptions, inconvenience or financial burden.

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6. How might more groups be involved in the planning and decision making process in Manly? (60 words)

7. Name three conflicts related to tourism and how they might be resolved so that all viewpoints are honoured? (200 words)

Manlys community and regional assets for attracting tourists

This worksheet has been completed for you it is an example of an initial assessment can be used for a preliminary survey of tourism assets in the community and the surrounding region. If you do not know the assets you cannot assess the impacts. Generally next to each category, name the resource and briefly describe specifics. Complete all of the categories that apply and leave the others blank.

Natural Tourism Resources (this has been completed for you but please submit a map locating these with your assignment)
Beaches Coral reefs corals Mountains Deserts Forests Waterfalls Lakes Rivers Caves Other e.g. Sydney Harbor National Park Protected lands e.g. Manly national park, Manly reservoir, coastal zone - management plans e.g. Manly reservoir Manly creek waterfall e.g. Manly lagoon e.g. Manly lagoon e.g. Wellings reserve e.g. Sydney Harbor National Park long stretch of golden sandy beach; 18 beaches, coves and inlets to swim, sail and dive in

including Ocean Beach, Shelly Beach, Little Manly and Fairlight e.g. Shelly beach coral reefs, great attraction for divers. Huge variety of fish life and soft

Wildlife (animals, birds, marine life) ample e.g. little Manly penguin sanctuary Huge variety of natural bushland / flora and fauna

Cultural/Heritage Tourism Resources (as above please complete a map with the location)
Historical buildings or sites e.g. Quarantine Station

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Monuments e.g. Admiral Arthur Phillip Archaeological sites or collections natural heritage, and the built heritage Folklore and traditions Handicrafts Museums rich in cultural heritage and traditions Manly is rich in its cultural heritage, including Aboriginal heritage,

rich broad variety of handicrafts can be experienced and purchased e.g. markets e.g. Manly Art Gallery & Museum

Visual, performing and fine arts - vibrant art and entertainment scene

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Manly Climatic Conditions

HIGH SEASON Average temperatures Relative Humidity Rainfall mean Sunshine mean Prevailing winds and force Air quality
min17.5-max 25.2 Some days > 35 humid, windy, heat waves 77.9 mm 7.6h 67 pollution low 126.3 mm 6.4 h 72 pollution low 98.6 mm 6.4h 71 pollution low humid, cloudy, rainy wet, windy

BETWEEN SEASONS
min. 14.7 max 22.4

LOW SEASON
min 8.0 max 16.3

Source: (Bureau of Meteorology Australian Government 2011)

high season: Summer: November/December to February between season: Autumn: March to May, Spring: September to October/November low season: Winter: June to August

Question 8 : What do Tourist think of the Weather? (100 words)

Infrastructure
Transportation and access: Airports Ports Railways Road network Sydney Kingsford Smith (international) Botany Bay, Manly Wharf Sydney - Darling Harbour rail, bus and ferry access full access

Energy sources: traditional energy sources and slow but steady rise in renewable energy sources (e.g. energy from treated waste water, solar); Energy efficient technology implementations, alternative solutions, green power, carbon offsetting, training and management plans (Manly Council 2007). Water sources (quality & quantity) Save drinking water; Storm-water management / catchment plan with the priority to conserve and enhance features of the environment (Manly Council 1998), storm-water

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treatment and re-use (STAR) project, water cycle management and water savings action plan in place (Manly Council 2008), solutions to wastewater pollution, training and management plans (Manly council 2007). Example: Quarantine Station education & training, use of low pressure showerheads, taps and dual flush toilets in 98% of rooms, rainwater collection for irrigation and toilets with greywater recycling in 5 rooms, back to base monitoring of sewer pumps and fitting of back flow prevention to stop water contamination (Manly Council 2007). Sewage treatment: Sewage treatment plants compliant with environment protection license; However, latest news: concern over discharge of potential toxic mercury (Manly Daily 2011) Solid waste disposal: Sustainable waste disposal methods, waste minimization efforts and waste prevention via management and community awareness plans (Manly Council 2007). Communications (postal, telephone & mass media) broad availability and choice Banks and other money exchanges : broad availability and choice

Question 9: Please provide an evaluation of one of these in terms of how it compares to best practice (100 words)

Tourism Services and Facilities

Accommodations (number of properties & number of beds yes/no will do ): Resorts____________________________________________________________ hotels 10- 25 bed capacity ____ ______________________________________ hotels 25-100 bed capacity____ _______________________________________ 100 + bed capacity ____________________________________________ campgrounds (number of sites)__________________________________________ home stays, small inns_________________________________________________ Food services seating capacity less than 20 seats_____________________________________ 20 - 50 seats___________________ __________________________________ more than 50 seats_______________ ___________________________________

Provide an example of each type ( brief explanation with your answer) Transportation and travel agency offices Outfitters and tour guides

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Shopping (product specialties and convenience items) Recreation/entertainment Sports (spectator and participatory) Tourist information services Labour pool for tourism related work (in this case any training centres)
Source: World Tourism Organisation.

Table:

UN Sustainability Principles and themes for Manly

The Manly Sustainability Strategy 2006 is a roadmap to guide the development of Manly for today and for future generations.

Source: (Lambert & Rose 2007)

Question 10: Do you think Manly is meeting these principles? Why or Why not? (200 words)

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Tourism Resource Inventory (Pick any resource that exists in Manly)

Examples might be Quarantine Station, Manly Aquarium or a natural attraction like Shelly Beach & Shelly Marine Reserve etc
This worksheet can be used for a preliminary inventory of each natural, cultural, historical and recreational tourism resource which can attract tourists to the community or region. Question 11 -A Worked Example is provided in the box blow for Manly Wharf Activity: Now pick one resource for yourselves and prepare an inventory modeled on the one below.

Worked Example for Manly Wharf

Now pick one for yourselves and answer the questions Name of resource______Manly Wharf_______________________________________ Location_____________Manly Wharf _______________________________________

Type of description: present condition Manly Wharf is designed in coherence with Universal design principles that allow for equal and independent access, ensuring for both, a dignified and barrier-free experience (Darcy & Dickson 2009). The aesthetic at Manly wharf is one of simple beauty, open, wide and natural space that is welcoming and produces a calm atmosphere. Despite being Manlys major transport hub, it is a pleasure to spend time at the wharf and enjoy the various entertainment and relaxation zones, including cafs and restaurants, nature areas and the cove beach. Transport connection waiting times are significantly shortened due to the perception of being in an entertaining and welcoming space. Sustainability principles are applied to every little detail including interpretation, waste collectors, water fountains, security nets on the cove beach and organized traffic flows as well as energy efficient buildings and streetscapes. Moreover the visitor is provided with an information centre. The ferry and bus transport are well integrated, catering to locals and tourists and the infrastructure is well developed, with concern for safety standards. In addition, the ground level wharf structure fits easily within the environment. Further, the wharf is well connected with the Corso, which directly guides visitors to the beach giving a holistic and inclusive all-encompassing picture of the area. The wharf is in close proximity to Ocean World and many other Manly attractions. Most importantly, despite large visitor numbers, Manly makes a strong attempt to protect the natural environment, to the benefit of all stakeholders, with the cove beach, the wider landscape and Manlys little Penguins being of key concern. The business community and the local community live harmoniously together.

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improvements planned Manly Master Plan 2015: focus, renew and capitalise on Manly as a local town centre and international attraction. Design public space and infrastructure, aiming to refresh community feel and emphasize the town centre with long-term benefits for the local environment, the community and its economy (Manly Council 2011). improvements needed Update infrastructure to minimize traffic congestion during peak summer time. Address parking issue and promote visit via ferry and by foot, and extend cycle lanes to encourage access via pushbike.

Special features: ferry and bus transport hub, cove beach access, entertainment and relaxation zones, information centre etc. sustainable and universal design.

When is the resource accessible to tourists: During the year? Always accessible During the week? Always accessible

Who visits now? Identify type of visitor, place of origin and seasonal volume. - Locals for relaxation purpose and/or commuting to and from work; - Tourists (international and national); - Day visitors (local and international) Peak time: summer, but also busy during winter due to mild climate.

What transportation is available between this resource and the tourist's place of origin? Domestic International airplane, train, ferry, bus, shuttle bus, taxi airplane, train, ferry, bus, shuttle bus, taxi

How would international tourists get to Manly? Catch the bus or the train from the airport to Circular Quay and then enjoy a lovely ferry ride.

What other tourism services and facilities exist at the site now? - Manly wharf site, Manly pier pavilion - restaurant, Manly water works, Manly cove beach, Penguin sanctuary, cafs, restaurants, entertainment, tourist information, Ozpaddle, Manly Art Gallery & Museum

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Activity Name of service or facility

Name of owner Address Phone

Ocean World Manly

The Sydney Aquarium Company Pty Ltd, owner: Merlin Entertainments Group Esplanade Park, Manly NSW 2095 (02)8251 7872

Is this resource on the itinerary of any tours? (Explain) Yes, listed in tourism brochures(Visitor Information Centre Manly 2011). Listed within Sydney guided tours. Part of international tour pass benefit program (Iventure 2011). Flyers and tour offers are exhibit in the tourist information centre. What other resources are nearby? Day to day necessities: doctor, bank, schools, accommodation, shops, library, transport. - Within walking distance: Manly wharf ferry + busses, the Corso, Manly Beach, Beach walk - Within close proximity Q Station, Taronga ZOO. - A ferry ride away: Darling Harbour, Circular Quay &Opera house, Sydney QVB.

Are there any sustainable plans or practices in place or are there any practices that are enforceable by law? Explain YES, examples include (Our Manly 2011): Conduct regular green audit/ measurement of carbon footprint in an attempt to neutralize carbon footprint Environmental friendly practices include use of eco bags, no plastic, water saving taps, energy saving light bulbs etc. Energy saving and environmental friendly technology use Successful breeding of endangered species Grey Nurse Shark Promotion of conservation message and awareness creation for climate change kids club teaching and others.

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See Bus Information at http://www.manlyaustralia.com.au/information/transport/buses.asp See Ferry information (from Circular Quay City to Manly) at http://www.sydneyferries.info/uploads/library/timetables/ManlyApr2011_WEB.pdf

Circular Quay (city) where you can catch ferries to Manly There are also Manly Fast Ferries between Manly and Circular Quay, e.g. at 9.20am arrives at 9.50am in Manly on http://manlyfastferry.com.au/media/all_services.jpg 21