Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
Tetraedro
Construccin
Se construyen 4 tringulos equilteros que tengan la medida a.
Tetraedro
a
h
60
1
Atetraedro=4.3.a2
4
Atetraedro=a2.3
Frmula para el volumen
Se calcula el volumen del tetraedro.
ap
x
a
30
a
2
a
Hexaedro
Frmula para el rea
Se calcula el rea de un cuadrado.
Acuadrado=a.a
Acuadrado=a2
Ahexaedro=6.a2
a
Frmula para el volumen
Se calcula el volumen del hexaedro.
a
3
Vhexaedro=a.a.a
Vhexaedro=a3
Octaedro
Construccin
Se construyen 8 triangulos equilateros que tengan la medida a.
Octaedro
a
h
Aoctgono= 2.a2.3
60
a
h
a
2
a
2
a
y2=(a)2+(a)2=2.a2=a2 y=2.a
2 2
4 2
2
2
2
2
2
2 2
2
a =h +y h =a -y h =a2-(2.a)2 h2=a2-a2 h2=a2 h=2.a
2
2
2
2
2
3
Vpirmide=1.a .2.a Vpirmide=2.a
3
2
6
Voctaedro=2.Vpirmide Voctaedro=2.2.a3
6
Voctaedro=a3.2
3
Dodecaedro
Construccin
Se construyen 12 pentagonos regulares que tengan la medida a.
Dodecaedro
Frmula para el rea
Se calcula el rea de un pentagono regular.
tan72=2.b b=a.tan54=a.sen54
a
2
2.cos54
cosn.t+i.senn.t=(cost+sent)n n=5 t=54
cos5.t+i.sen5.t=(cost+i.sent)5
b 54
a
2
6
(cost+i.sent)5=cos5t+5.cos4t.i.sent+10.cos3t.i2.sen2t+10.cos2t.i3.sen3t+5.cost.i4.sen4t+i5.sen5t=
cos5t+5.cos4t.i.sent-10.cos3t.sen2t-10.cos2t.i.sen3t+5.cost.sen4t+i.sen5t=
cost.(cos4t-10.cos2t.sen2t+5.sen4t)+i.sent.(5.cos4t-10.cos2t.sen2t+sen4t)=
cost.[cos4t-10.cos2t.(1-cos2t)+5.(1-cos2t)2]+i.sent.[5.(1-sen2t)2-10.(1-sen2t).sen2t+sen4t]=
cost.(cos4t-10.cos2t+10.cos4t+5-10.cos2t+5.cos4t)+i.sent.(5-10.sen2t+5.sen4t10.sen2t+10.sen4t+sen4t)= cost.(16.cos4t-20.cos2t+5)+i.sent.(16.sen4t-20.sen2t+5)=
16.cos5t-20.cos3t+5.cost+i.(16.sen5t-20.sen3t+5.sent)=cos5.t+i.sen5.t
cos5.t=16.cos5t-20.cos3t+5.cost sen5.t=16.sen5t-20.sen3t+5.sent t=54, cost=x sent=y
cos270=16.x5-20.x3+5.x=0 sen270=16.y5-20.y3+5.y=-1
16.x4-20.x2+5=0 16.y5-20.y3+5.y+1=0
(16.y5-20.y3+5.y+1):(y+1)=16.y4-16.y3-4.y2+4.y+1 16.y4-16.y3-4.y2+4.y+1=0
16.y4-16.y3+4.y2-8.y2+4.y+1=(4.y2)2-2.4.y2.2.y+(2.y)2-2.(4.y2-2.y)+1=(4.y2-2.y)2-2.(4.y2-2.y).1+12=
[(4.y2-2.y)-1]2=0 4.y2-2.y-1=0 y1-2-3-4=2(4+16)=220=22.5=15 sen54=1+5
8
8
8
4
4
16.x4-20.x2+5=0 x1-2-3-4=[20(400-320)]=(2080)=(204.5)=(102.5)=
32
32
32
16
(102.5) cos54=(10-2.5)
4
4
b= a.(1+5).4 =a.(1+5).(10+2.5)=a.[(1+5)2.(10+2.5)]=a.5.[(1+2.5+5).(10+2.5)]=
2.(10-2.5).4
2.80
8.5
40
a.5.[(6+2.5).(10+2.5)]=a.5.(60+12.5+20.5+20)=a.5.(80+32.5)=a.5.[16.(5+2.5)]=
40
40
40
40
a.5.4.(5+2.5)=a.5.(5+2.5)
40
10
Atringulo=a.a.5.(5+2.5)=a2.5.(5+2.5)
2.10
20
Apentgono=5.b2.5.(5+2.5)=a2.5.(5+2.5)
20
4
Adodecaedro=12.a2.5.(5+2.5)
4
Adodecaedro=3.a2.5.(5+2.5)
=360=36
10
ap
ap
108
y2=(a)2+(a)2-2.a.a.cos108=a2-a2.cos108=a2.(1-cos108)
2
2
22
2 2
2
cos108=cos2.54=1-2.sen254=1-2.(1+5)2=1-(1+5)2=
4
8
8-1-2.5-5=2-2.5=2.(1-5)=1-5
8
8
8
4
2
2
2
y =a .[1-(1-5)]=a .(4-1+5)=a2.(3+5) y=a.2.(3+5)
2
4
2
4
8
4
a
2
ap = y . ap=y.sen72
sen72 sen36
sen36
sen72=sen2.36=2.sen36.cos36
36
cos36=sen(90-36)=sen54 ap=y.2.sen36.sen54=
sen36
2.y.sen54=2.a.2.(3+5).(1+5)2=
4
4
a.2.[(3+5).(1+2.5+5)]=a.2.[(3+5).(6+2.5)]=
8
8
a.2.2.[(3+5).(3+5)]=a.2.(3+5)2=a.(3+5)
8
8
4
ap
72
y
ap
b
ap2=h2+b2 h2=ap2-b2=[a.(3+5)]2-[a.5.(5+2.5)]2=a2.(3+5)2-a2.5.(5+2.5)=
4
10
16
100
a2.(9+6.5+5)-a2.(5+2.5)=a2.(14+6.5)-a2.(5+2.5)=a2.(7+3.5)-a2.(5+2.5)=a2.(25+11.5)
16
20
16
20
8
20
40
h=a.40.(25+11.5)=a.2.2.5.(25+11.5)=a.2.5.(25+11.5)
40
40
20
Vpirmide=1. a2.5.(5+2.5).a.5.2.(25+11.5)=5.a3.2.(125+55.5+50.5+110)=
3 4
20
240
5.a3.2.(235+105.5)= 5.a3.2.5.(47+21.5)
240
240
Vdodecaedro=12. 5.a3.2.5.(47+21.5)
240
Vdodecaedro=5.a3.2.5.(47+21.5)
20
Icosaedro
Construccin
Se construyen 20 triangulos equilateros que tengan la medida a.
Icosaedro
Frmula para el rea
Se calcula el rea de un triangulo equilatero.
a
h
60
10
=360=36
10
ap
ap
y
y
a
2
y= a y=a
a a.2
2
11
ap = y . ap=y.sen72
sen72 sen36
sen36
sen72=sen2.36=2.sen36.cos36
36
cos36=sen(90-36)=sen54 ap=y.2.sen36.sen54=
sen36
2.y.sen54=2.a.(1+5)=a.(1+5)
2 4
2
ap
72
y
ap
ap2=h2+x2 h2=ap2-b2=[a.(1+5)]2-(a.3)2=a2.(1+5)2-a2.3=a2.(1+2.5+5)-a2=a2.(6+2.5)-a2=
2
6
4
36 4
12 4
12
2
a .(7+3.5) h=a.2.2.3.(7+3.5)=a.2.3.(7+3.5)
24
24
12
2
3
Vpirmide=1.a .3. a.2.3.(7+3.5)=a .2.(7+3.5)
34
12
48
3
Vicosaedro=20. a .2.(7+3.5)
48
Vicosaedro =5.a3.2.(7+3.5)
12
Email: carlosrsohn@hotmail.com
13