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CpE358/CS381 Switching Theory and Logical Design Class 9

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CpE358/CS381 Switching Theory and Logical Design Summer-1 2004

Copyright 2004 Stevens Institute of Technology All rights reserved

1-313

Today
Fundamental concepts of digital systems (Mano Chapter 1) Binary codes, number systems, and arithmetic (Ch 1) Boolean algebra (Ch 2) Simplification of switching equations (Ch 3) Digital device characteristics (e.g., TTL, CMOS)/design considerations (Ch 10) Combinatoric logical design including LSI implementation (Chapter 4) Flip-flops and state memory elements (Ch 5) Sequential logic analysis and design (Ch 5) Counters, shift register circuits (Ch 6) Hazards, Races, and time related issues in digital design (Ch 9) Synchronous vs. asynchronous design (Ch 9) Memory and Programmable logic (Ch 7) Minimization of sequential systems Introduction to Finite Automata

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CpE358/CS381 Switching Theory and Logical Design Summer-1 2004

Copyright 2004 Stevens Institute of Technology All rights reserved

1-314

A slightly more complicated sequential design


System description: Design a circuit that transitions between states in Gray-code order (000,001,011,010,110,111,101,100,) using J-K flip-flops

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CpE358/CS381 Switching Theory and Logical Design Summer-1 2004

Copyright 2004 Stevens Institute of Technology All rights reserved

1-315

A slightly more complicated sequential design


System description: Design a circuit that transitions between states in Gray-code order (000,001,011,010,110,111,101,100,) using J-K flip-flops State diagram:
000 100 001

101

011

111 110

010

All states are used, so 3 FFs are needed


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CpE358/CS381 Switching Theory and Logical Design Summer-1 2004

Copyright 2004 Stevens Institute of Technology All rights reserved

1-316

A slightly more complicated sequential design


State table:
000
Present State 000 001 010 011 100 101 110 111 Next State 001 011 110 010 000 100 111 101

100

001

101

011

111 110

010

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CpE358/CS381 Switching Theory and Logical Design Summer-1 2004

Copyright 2004 Stevens Institute of Technology All rights reserved

1-317

A slightly more complicated sequential design


Input functions for J-K
BC 00 01 11 10 0 1
Present State 000 001 010 011 100 Next State 001 011 110 010 000 100 111 101

000 100 001

JA

BC 00 01 11 10 0 1

KA

101

011

BC 00 01 11 10 0 1

JB

BC 00 01 11 10 0 1

KB

101 110 111

111 110

010

X J-K operation: 0 0 0 X
1 0 1 X X 1 0 1 X 1 1 0

JC BC 00 01 11 10
0 1

KC BC 00 01 11 10
0 1

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CpE358/CS381 Switching Theory and Logical Design Summer-1 2004

Copyright 2004 Stevens Institute of Technology All rights reserved

1-318

A slightly more complicated sequential design


Input functions for J-K
BC 00 01 11 10 0 1
Present State 000 001 010 011 100 Next State 001 011 110 010 000 100 111 101

000 100 001

JA

BC 00 01 11 10 0 1

KA

0 0 0 1 X X X X JB

X X X X 1 0 0 0 KB

101

011

101 110 111

BC 00 01 11 10 0 1

BC 00 01 11 10 0 1

111 110

010

0 1 X X 0 0 X X

X X 0 0 X X 1 0

J-K operation: 0 0 0 X
1 0 1 X X 1 0 1 X 1 1 0

JC BC 00 01 11 10
0 1

KC BC 00 01 11 10
0 1

1 X X 0 0 X X 1

X 0 1 X X 1 0 X

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CpE358/CS381 Switching Theory and Logical Design Summer-1 2004

Copyright 2004 Stevens Institute of Technology All rights reserved

1-319

A slightly more complicated sequential design


Input functions for J-K
BC 00 01 11 10 0 1
Present State 000 001 010 011 100 Next State 001 011 110 010 000 100 111 101

000 100 001

JA

BC 00 01 11 10 0 1

KA

0 0 0 1 X X X X JB

X X X X 1 0 0 0 KB

101

011

101 110 111

BC 00 01 11 10 0 1

BC 00 01 11 10 0 1

111 110

010

0 1 X X 0 0 X X

X X 0 0 X X 1 0

J-K operation: 0 0 0 X
1 0 1 X X 1 0 1 X 1 1 0

JC BC 00 01 11 10
0 1

KC BC 00 01 11 10
0 1

1 X X 0 0 X X 1

X 0 1 X X 1 0 X

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CpE358/CS381 Switching Theory and Logical Design Summer-1 2004

Copyright 2004 Stevens Institute of Technology All rights reserved

1-320

A slightly more complicated sequential design


Input functions for J-K
BC 00 01 11 10 0 1
Present State 000 001 010 011 100 Next State 001 011 110 010 000 100 111 101

000 100 001

JA=BC

BC 00 01 11 10 0 1

KA=BC

0 0 0 1 X X X X JB=AC

X X X X 1 0 0 0 KB=AC

101

011

101 110 111

BC 00 01 11 10 0 1

BC 00 01 11 10 0 1

111 110

010

0 1 X X 0 0 X X J =AB+AB
A

X X 0 0 X X 1 0 K =AB+AB X 0 1 X X 1 0 X

J-K operation: 0 0 0 X
1 0 1 X X 1 0 1 X 1 1 0

BC C 00 01 11 10 0 1

BC C 00 01 11 10 0 1

1 X X 0 0 X X 1

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CpE358/CS381 Switching Theory and Logical Design Summer-1 2004

Copyright 2004 Stevens Institute of Technology All rights reserved

1-321

A slightly more complicated sequential design


Input functions for J-K JA=BC KA=BC JB=AC KB=AC JC=AB+AB KC=AB+AB

Logic Diagram:

Clock
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CpE358/CS381 Switching Theory and Logical Design Summer-1 2004

Copyright 2004 Stevens Institute of Technology All rights reserved

1-322

A slightly more complicated sequential design


Verify correctness of logic diagram:

A 1

B 0

C 1

Clock

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CpE358/CS381 Switching Theory and Logical Design Summer-1 2004

Copyright 2004 Stevens Institute of Technology All rights reserved

1-323

A slightly more complicated sequential design


Verify correctness of logic diagram:

0 0 0 J Q

A 1

B 0

J 0 0 0

C 1

K 0

Q 0

Q 0

Clock

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CpE358/CS381 Switching Theory and Logical Design Summer-1 2004

Copyright 2004 Stevens Institute of Technology All rights reserved

1-324

A slightly more complicated sequential design


Verify correctness of logic diagram:

0 0 0 J Q

A 1

0 1 1

B 0 1

J 0 0 0 1 1

C 1

K 0

Q 0

Q 0

Clock

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CpE358/CS381 Switching Theory and Logical Design Summer-1 2004

Copyright 2004 Stevens Institute of Technology All rights reserved

1-325

A slightly more complicated sequential design


Verify correctness of logic diagram:

0 0 0 0 J Q

0 0 0 J Q

A 1

0 0 1 1

B 0 1

K 0 0

Q 0

0 0 0 1 1

C 1

K 1 1

Q 0

Clock

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CpE358/CS381 Switching Theory and Logical Design Summer-1 2004

Copyright 2004 Stevens Institute of Technology All rights reserved

1-326

A slightly more complicated sequential design


Verify correctness of logic diagram:

0 0 0 0 J Q

0 0 0 J Q

A 1

0 0 1 1

B 0 1

K 0 0

Q 0

0 0 0 1 1

C 1

K 1 1

Q 0

Clock
0 1 1 0

0 0 0 1

0 1 0 1

101 100
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CpE358/CS381 Switching Theory and Logical Design Summer-1 2004 Copyright 2004 Stevens Institute of Technology All rights reserved 1-327

Problem 5-20
Design a sequential circuit specified by the state diagram below using T flip-flops 0/0 001 1/1 1/0 100 0/0 1/1 1/1 000 0/0 010 1/1 011 0/0

0/0

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CpE358/CS381 Switching Theory and Logical Design Summer-1 2004

Copyright 2004 Stevens Institute of Technology All rights reserved

1-328

Problem 5-20
Design a sequential circuit specified by the state diagram below using T flip-flops 0/0 001 1/1 1/0 100 0/0 1/1 1/1 000 5 states -> 3 FFs will be needed
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CpE358/CS381 Switching Theory and Logical Design Summer-1 2004 Copyright 2004 Stevens Institute of Technology All rights reserved 1-329

0/0 011 0/0 010 1/1

0/0

Problem 5-20
Create the state table: 0/0
Present State 000 000 001 001 010 010 011 011 100 100 Input 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Next State 011 100 001 100 010 000 001 010 010 011 Output 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0

001 1/1 1/0 100 0/0 1/1 1/1 000 0/0 010 1/1 011 0/0

0/0

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CpE358/CS381 Switching Theory and Logical Design Summer-1 2004

Copyright 2004 Stevens Institute of Technology All rights reserved

1-330

Problem 5-20
Switching characteristics of a T FF:
0 0 0

Present State 000 000 001 001 010 010 011 011 100 100

Input x 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1

Next State 011 100 001 100 010 000 001 010 010 011

Output 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0

0 1
1 1 1 0

1 1
0

Derive input functions for FFs:

x A B C

FA

T Q A Q

x A B C

FB

T Q B Q

x A B C

FC

T Q C Q

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CpE358/CS381 Switching Theory and Logical Design Summer-1 2004

Copyright 2004 Stevens Institute of Technology All rights reserved

1-331

Problem 5-20
Input functions for FFs:

Present State 000 000 001 001 010 010 011 011 100 100

Input x 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1

Next State 011 100 001 100 010 000 001 010 010 011 Input x 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1

Output 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0

A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1

B 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0

C 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

Input x 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1

A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1

B 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0

C 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

Input x 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1

A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1

B 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0

C 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

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CpE358/CS381 Switching Theory and Logical Design Summer-1 2004

Copyright 2004 Stevens Institute of Technology All rights reserved

1-332

Problem 5-20
Input functions for FFs:

Present State 000 000 001 001 010 010 011 011 100 100

Input x 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1

Next State 011 100 001 100 010 000 001 010 010 011 Input x 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Next C 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1

Output 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0

A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1

B 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0

C 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

Input x 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1

Next A 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0

A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1

B 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0

C 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

Input x 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1

Next B 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1

A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1

B 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0

C 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

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CpE358/CS381 Switching Theory and Logical Design Summer-1 2004

Copyright 2004 Stevens Institute of Technology All rights reserved

1-333

Problem 5-20
Input functions for FFs:
0 0 0

Present State 000 000 001 001 010 010 011 011 100 100

Input x 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1

Next State 011 100 001 100 010 000 001 010 010 011 Input x 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Next C 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1

Output 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 TC 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0

0 1
1 1 1 0

1 1
0

A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1

B 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0

C 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

Input x 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1

Next A 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0

TA 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1

A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1

B 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0

C 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

Input x 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1

Next B 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1

TB 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1

A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1

B 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0

C 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

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CpE358/CS381 Switching Theory and Logical Design Summer-1 2004

Copyright 2004 Stevens Institute of Technology All rights reserved

1-334

Problem 5-20
Input functions for FFs:

Present State 000 000 001 001 010 010 011 011 100 100

Input x 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1

Next State 011 100 001 100 010 000 001 010 010 011 Input x 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Next C 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1

Output 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 TC 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0

A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1

B 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0

C 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

Input x 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1

Next A 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0

TA 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1

A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1

B 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0

C 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

Input x 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1

Next B 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1

TB 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1

A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1

B 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0

C 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

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CpE358/CS381 Switching Theory and Logical Design Summer-1 2004

Copyright 2004 Stevens Institute of Technology All rights reserved

1-335

Problem 5-20
A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 B 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 C 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 Input x 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Next A 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 TA 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 B 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 C 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 Input x 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Next B 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 TB 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 B 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 C 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 Input x 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Next C 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 TC 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0

BC 00 00 01 xA 11 10 xA 11 10 0 01 11 10 00 01 00 1 01

BC 11 10 00 01 xA 11 10 00 1 01

BC 11 10

TA
CpE358/CS381 Switching Theory and Logical Design Summer-1 2004

TB
Copyright 2004 Stevens Institute of Technology All rights reserved

TC
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1-336

Problem 5-20
A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 B 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 C 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 Input x 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Next A 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 TA 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 B 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 C 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 Input x 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Next B 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 TB 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 B 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 C 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 Input x 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Next C 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 TC 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0

BC 00 00 01 xA 11 10 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 xA 11 10 1 0 0 01 0 11 0 10 0 00 01 00 1 1 01 0

BC 11 1 10 0 xA 11 1 0 10 0 0 0 00 01 00 1 0 01 1

BC 11 1 10 0

TA
CpE358/CS381 Switching Theory and Logical Design Summer-1 2004

TB
Copyright 2004 Stevens Institute of Technology All rights reserved

TC
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1-337

Problem 5-20
A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 B 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 C 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 Input x 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Next A 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 TA 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 B 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 C 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 Input x 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Next B 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 TB 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 B 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 C 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 Input x 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Next C 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 TC 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0

BC 00 00 01 xA 11 10 1 1 X 1 X 0 X 0 0 1 01 0 X 11 0 X 10 0 X xA 11 10 1 0 X 0 00 01 00 1 1 01 0 X

BC 11 1 X X 1 10 0 X xA X 0 11 10 0 0 X 0 00 01 00 1 0 01 1 X

BC 11 1 X X 1 10 0 X X 0

TA
CpE358/CS381 Switching Theory and Logical Design Summer-1 2004

TB
Copyright 2004 Stevens Institute of Technology All rights reserved

TC
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1-338

Problem 5-20
A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 B 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 C 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 Input x 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Next A 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 TA 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 B 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 C 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 Input x 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Next B 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 TB 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 B 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 C 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 Input x 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Next C 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 TC 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0

BC 00 00 01 xA 11 10 1 1 X 1 X 0 X 0 0 1 01 0 X 11 0 X 10 0 X xA 11 10 1 0 X 0 00 01 00 1 1 01 0 X

BC 11 1 X X 1 10 0 X xA X 0 11 10 0 0 X 0 00 01 00 1 0 01 1 X

BC 11 1 X X 1 10 0 X X 0

TA
CpE358/CS381 Switching Theory and Logical Design Summer-1 2004

TB
Copyright 2004 Stevens Institute of Technology All rights reserved

TC
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1-339

Problem 5-20
A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 B 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 C 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 Input x 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Next A 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 TA 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 B 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 C 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 Input x 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Next B 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 TB 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 B 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 C 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 Input x 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Next C 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 TC 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0

BC 00 00 01 xA 11 10 1 1 X 1 X 0 X 0 0 1 01 0 X 11 0 X 10 0 X xA 11 10 1 0 X 0 00 01 00 1 1 01 0 X

BC 11 1 X X 1 10 0 X xA X 0 11 10 0 0 X 0 00 01 00 1 0 01 1 X

BC 11 1 X X 1 10 0 X X 0

TA
CpE358/CS381 Switching Theory and Logical Design Summer-1 2004

TB
Copyright 2004 Stevens Institute of Technology All rights reserved

TC
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1-340

Problem 5-20
A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 B 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 C 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 Input x 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Next A 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 TA 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 B 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 C 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 Input x 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Next B 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 TB 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 B 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 C 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 Input x 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Next C 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 TC 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0

BC 00 00 01 xA 11 10 1 1 X 1 X 0 X 0 0 1 01 0 X 11 0 X 10 0 X xA 11 10 1 0 X 0 00 01 00 1 1 01 0 X

BC 11 1 X X 1 10 0 X xA X 0 11 10 0 0 X 0 00 01 00 1 0 01 1 X

BC 11 1 X X 1 10 0 X X 0

TA
CpE358/CS381 Switching Theory and Logical Design Summer-1 2004

TB
Copyright 2004 Stevens Institute of Technology All rights reserved

TC
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1-341

Problem 5-20
A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 B 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 C 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 Input x 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Next A 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 TA 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 B 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 C 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 Input x 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Next B 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 TB 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 B 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 C 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 Input x 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Next C 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 TC 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0

BC 00 00 01 xA 11 10 1 1 X 1 X 0 X 0 0 1 01 0 X 11 0 X 10 0 X xA 11 10 1 0 X 0 00 01 00 1 1 01 0 X

BC 11 1 X X 1 10 0 X xA X 0 11 10 0 0 X 0 00 01 00 1 0 01 1 X

BC 11 1 X X 1 10 0 X X 0

TA
CpE358/CS381 Switching Theory and Logical Design Summer-1 2004

TB
Copyright 2004 Stevens Institute of Technology All rights reserved

TC
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1-342

Problem 5-20
A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 B 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 C 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 Input x 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Next A 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 TA 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 B 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 C 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 Input x 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Next B 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 TB 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 B 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 C 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 Input x 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Next C 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 TC 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0

BC 00 00 01 xA 11 10 1 1 X 1 X 0 X 0 0 1 01 0 X 11 0 X 10 0 X xA 11 10 1 0 X 0 00 01 00 1 1 01 0 X

BC 11 1 X X 1 10 0 X xA X 0 11 10 0 0 X 0 00 01 00 1 0 01 1 X

BC 11 1 X X 1 10 0 X X 0

TA
CpE358/CS381 Switching Theory and Logical Design Summer-1 2004

TB
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TC
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1-343

Problem 5-20
A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 B 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 C 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 Input x 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Next A 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 TA 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 B 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 C 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 Input x 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Next B 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 TB 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 B 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 C 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 Input x 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Next C 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 TC 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0

BC 00 00 01 xA 11 10 1 1 X 1 X 0 X 0 0 1 01 0 X 11 0 X 10 0 X xA 11 10 1 0 X 0 00 01 00 1 1 01 0 X

BC 11 1 X X 1 10 0 X xA X 0 11 10 0 0 X 0 00 01 00 1 0 01 1 X

BC 11 1 X X 1 10 0 X X 0

TA
CpE358/CS381 Switching Theory and Logical Design Summer-1 2004

TB
Copyright 2004 Stevens Institute of Technology All rights reserved

TC
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1-344

Problem 5-20
A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 B 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 C 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 Input x 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Next A 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 TA 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 B 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 C 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 Input x 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Next B 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 TB 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 B 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 C 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 Input x 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Next C 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 TC 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0

BC 00 00 01 xA 11 10 1 1 X 1 X 0 X 0 0 1 01 0 X 11 0 X 10 0 X xA 11 10 1 0 X 0 00 01 00 1 1 01 0 X

BC 11 1 X X 1 10 0 X xA X 0 11 10 0 0 X 0 00 01 00 1 0 01 1 X

BC 11 1 X X 1 10 0 X X 0

TA = A + xB
CpE358/CS381 Switching Theory and Logical Design Summer-1 2004

TB = A + BC + xBC
Copyright 2004 Stevens Institute of Technology All rights reserved

TC = BC + xC + xAB
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1-345

Problem 5-20
TA = A + xB TB = A + BC + xBC TC = BC + xC + xAB

T Q A Q Clock

T Q B Q

T Q C Q

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CpE358/CS381 Switching Theory and Logical Design Summer-1 2004

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1-346

Problem 5-20
TA = A + xB TB = A + BC + xBC TC = BC + xC + xAB

T Q A Q Clock

T Q B Q

T Q C Q

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CpE358/CS381 Switching Theory and Logical Design Summer-1 2004

Copyright 2004 Stevens Institute of Technology All rights reserved

1-347

Problem 5-20
TA = A + xB TB = A + BC + xBC TC = BC + xC + xAB

T Q A Q Clock

T Q B Q

T Q C Q

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CpE358/CS381 Switching Theory and Logical Design Summer-1 2004

Copyright 2004 Stevens Institute of Technology All rights reserved

1-348

Problem 5-20
TA = A + xB TB = A + BC + xBC TC = BC + xC + xAB

T Q A Q Clock

T Q B Q

T Q C Q

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CpE358/CS381 Switching Theory and Logical Design Summer-1 2004

Copyright 2004 Stevens Institute of Technology All rights reserved

1-349

Course Roadmap

Logic Circuits with gates

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CpE358/CS381 Switching Theory and Logical Design Summer-1 2004

Copyright 2004 Stevens Institute of Technology All rights reserved

1-350

Course Roadmap

Combinatorial Circuits

Logic Circuits with gates

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CpE358/CS381 Switching Theory and Logical Design Summer-1 2004

Copyright 2004 Stevens Institute of Technology All rights reserved

1-351

Course Roadmap

Combinatorial Circuits

Logic Circuits with gates Logic Circuits with memory

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CpE358/CS381 Switching Theory and Logical Design Summer-1 2004

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Course Roadmap

Combinatorial Circuits

Logic Circuits with gates Logic Circuits with memory

Sequential Circuits

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CpE358/CS381 Switching Theory and Logical Design Summer-1 2004

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Course Roadmap

Combinatorial Circuits

Logic Circuits with gates Logic Circuits with memory Specific Specific Specific Specific functions functions functions functions

Sequential Circuits

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CpE358/CS381 Switching Theory and Logical Design Summer-1 2004

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1-354

Course Roadmap

Combinatorial Circuits

Logic Circuits with gates Logic Circuits with memory Specific Specific Specific Specific functions functions functions functions

Sequential Circuits

Registers and Counters

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CpE358/CS381 Switching Theory and Logical Design Summer-1 2004

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1-355

Flip-flops vs. Generic Registers


J0 S0
J SQ

Q0 J1

S1
J SQ

Q1

D0

S0
D SQ

Q0 D1

S1
D SQ

Q1

Clk0
K

Clk0
C
Q K

Clk1 K0 C0 Q0 K1 C1 Q1

Clk1 C0 Q0 C1 Q1

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CpE358/CS381 Switching Theory and Logical Design Summer-1 2004

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Flip-flops vs. Generic Registers


J0 S0
J SQ

Q0 J1

S1
J SQ

Q1

D0

S0
D SQ

Q0 D1

S1
D SQ

Q1

Clk0
K

Clk0
C
Q K

Clk1 K0 D0 C0 Q0 K1 C1 Q1 D2 Q1 Q2 D3

Clk1 C0 Q3 D4 Q0 Q4 D5 C1 Q1 Q6

Q0 D1

Q5 D6

Clk Clr
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Shift Register
Q0 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Q6

SI

SO

Clk

Present State Q0 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Q6

Input SI

Next State SIQ0Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5

Output S0=Q6

SI

N-bit S/R SO

SISO Register Serial-in, Serial-out

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CpE358/CS381 Switching Theory and Logical Design Summer-1 2004

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Shift Register Variants


Q0 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Q6

SI

SO

Clk

Q0 Q1 Q2 SI

QN-1 SIPO Register Serial-in, Parallel-out

N-bit S/R SO

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CpE358/CS381 Switching Theory and Logical Design Summer-1 2004

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Shift Register Variants


D0 Q0 D1 Q1 D2 Q2 D3 Q3 D4 Q4 D5 Q5 D6 Q6

Clk

D0 D1 D2 N-bit S/R Q0 Q1 Q2
CpE358/CS381 Switching Theory and Logical Design Summer-1 2004

DN-1 PIPO Register Parallel-in, Parallel-out QN-1


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1-360

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Shift Register Variants


D0 Q0 QN-2 DN-1 QN-1

SI

SO

Clk P/S

D0 D1 D2

DN-1 Serial/Parallel Register Parallel-in/Serial-in, Parallel-out/Serial-out


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P/S SI N-bit S/R SO Q0 Q1 Q2


CpE358/CS381 Switching Theory and Logical Design Summer-1 2004

QN-1
1-361

Copyright 2004 Stevens Institute of Technology All rights reserved

Shift Register Variants

00 01 10 11

00 01 10 11

Clock
S1S0

S1

S0

Operation

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CpE358/CS381 Switching Theory and Logical Design Summer-1 2004

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Shift Register Variants

00 01 10 11

00 01 10 11

Clock
S1S0

S1 0

S0 0

Operation No Change

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CpE358/CS381 Switching Theory and Logical Design Summer-1 2004

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1-363

Shift Register Variants

SIL

00 01 10 11

00 01 10 11

SOR

Clock
S1S0

S1 0 0

S0 0 1

Operation No Change Shift right

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CpE358/CS381 Switching Theory and Logical Design Summer-1 2004

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Shift Register Variants

SIL

00 01 10 11

00 01 10 11

SOR

SOL Clock
S1S0

SIR

S1 0 0 1

S0 0 1 0

Operation No Change Shift right Shift left


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CpE358/CS381 Switching Theory and Logical Design Summer-1 2004

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1-365

Shift Register Variants


D0 D1

SIL

00 01 10 11

00 01 10 11

SOR

SOL Clock
S1S0

SIR

S1 0

S0 0 1 0 1

Operation No Change Shift right Shift left Parallel load


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1-366

Q0

Q1

0 1 1

CpE358/CS381 Switching Theory and Logical Design Summer-1 2004

Copyright 2004 Stevens Institute of Technology All rights reserved

Shift Register Variants


D0 D1

SIL

00 01 10 11

00 01 10 11

SOR

SOL Clock
S1S0

SIR

S1 0

S0 0 1 0 1

Operation No Change Shift right Shift left Parallel load


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1-367

Q0

Q1

0 1 1

CpE358/CS381 Switching Theory and Logical Design Summer-1 2004

Copyright 2004 Stevens Institute of Technology All rights reserved

Shift Register Variants

D0 D1 SIL SOL
S1S0

DN-1 SOR SIR

Universal N-bit register

Q0 Q1

QN-1

S1 0 0 1 1

S0 0 1 0 1

Operation No Change Shift right Shift left Parallel load


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1-368

CpE358/CS381 Switching Theory and Logical Design Summer-1 2004

Copyright 2004 Stevens Institute of Technology All rights reserved

Tandem S/Rs
Serial registers

2N-bit S/R SI N-bit S/R SO SI N-bit S/R SO

Clock

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CpE358/CS381 Switching Theory and Logical Design Summer-1 2004

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Tandem S/Rs
Parallel registers

D0 D1 D2 N-bit S/R

DN-1

3xN-bit Register

N-bit S/R

N-bit S/R Clock Q0 Q1 Q2 QN-1


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CpE358/CS381 Switching Theory and Logical Design Summer-1 2004

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Summary
Fundamental concepts of digital systems (Mano Chapter 1) Binary codes, number systems, and arithmetic (Ch 1) Boolean algebra (Ch 2) Simplification of switching equations (Ch 3) Digital device characteristics (e.g., TTL, CMOS)/design considerations (Ch 10) Combinatoric logical design including LSI implementation (Chapter 4) Flip-flops and state memory elements (Ch 5) Sequential logic analysis and design (Ch 5) Counters, shift register circuits (Ch 6) Hazards, Races, and time related issues in digital design (Ch 9) Synchronous vs. asynchronous design (Ch 9) Memory and Programmable logic (Ch 7) Minimization of sequential systems Introduction to Finite Automata

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CpE358/CS381 Switching Theory and Logical Design Summer-1 2004

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Homework 9 due in Class 11


As always, show all work Problems 5-16, 5-17, 5-18, 5-19, 6-4 Design a 3-bit Universal Shift Register using AND, OR, NOT, NAND or NOR gates and D Flip-flops that implements the following functions
S1 0 0 1 1 S0 0 1 0 1 Function Shift left Shift right Parallel load from top Parallel load from bottom

The shift register has top and bottom D inputs and Q outputs, as well as right and left shift-in inputs and shift-out outputs

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CpE358/CS381 Switching Theory and Logical Design Summer-1 2004

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